Launch of a Hwasong-14 intercontinental ballistic missile at an undisclosed location in North Korea. (Korean Central News Agency/Korea News Service via AP, File)

North Korea has vowed to bolster its nuclear arsenal and gain revenge of a "thousand-fold" against the United States in response to tough

UN sanctions imposed following its recent intercontinental ballistic missile tests.

The warning came two days after the UN Security Council unanimously approved new sanctions to punish North Korea, including a ban on coal and other exports.

The US ambassador to the UN, Nikki Haley, called the US-drafted resolution "the single largest economic sanctions package ever levelled against" North Korea.

In a statement carried by the North's state-run Korean Central News Agency, North Korea's government said the sanctions were a "violent infringement of its sovereignty" that was caused by a "heinous US plot to isolate and stifle" North Korea.

"We will make the US pay by a thousand-fold for all the heinous crimes it commits against the state and people of this country," the statement said.

The North said it would take an unspecified "resolute action of justice" and would never place its nuclear programme on the negotiating table or "flinch an inch" from its push to strengthen its nuclear deterrence as long as US hostility against North Korea persists.

North Korean Foreign Minister Ri Yong-ho made similar comments during an annual regional security conference in Manila on Monday.

South Korea's government said that North Korea would face stronger sanctions if it does not stop its nuclear and missile provocation.

Lim Eul Chul, a North Korea expert at South Korea's Kyungnam University, said the comments by the North demonstrate how angry it is over the UN sanctions, but that the country is not likely to launch a pre-emptive strike against the United States.

He said the North could still carry out further missile tests or a sixth atomic bomb test in the coming months under its broader weapons development timetable.

North Korea test-launched two ICBMs last month as part of its efforts to possess a long-range missile capable of striking anywhere in the mainland US.

Both missiles were fired at highly lofted angles and analysts say the weapons could reach parts of the United States such as Alaska, Los Angeles or Chicago if fired at a normal, flattened trajectory.

The centerpiece of the UN sanctions is a ban on North Korean exports of coal, iron, lead and seafood products - and a ban on all countries importing those products, estimated to be worth over one billion US dollars a year in hard currency.

The resolution also bans countries from giving any additional permits to North Korean labourers, another source of foreign currency for the North, and prohibits all new joint ventures with North Korean companies.

Analysts say that North Korea, already under numerous UN and other international sanctions, will feel some pain from the new sanctions but is not likely to return to disarmament negotiations any time soon because of them.

Mr Lim, the North Korea expert, said the North will probably squeeze its ordinary citizens to help finance its nuclear and missile programmes.

Shin Beomchul of the Seoul-based Korea National Diplomatic Academy said sanctions that can force a change from North Korea would include a ban on China's annual, mostly free shipment of 500,000 tons of crude oil to North Korea and the deporting by UN member states of the tens of thousands of North Korean workers currently dispatched abroad..

PA Media