Alternation or divergence seen in the living organisms in the provided environment or the ecosystem is named as biodiversity ‘the term” Biodiversity” is usually used for the specific variation witnessed in genes of organism as whole but the term” Genetic Biodiversity” deals in with the alternation or divergence pointed out in the genes of an individual organisms .there are different opinions views regarding the locus of biodiversity. So ecologists considers the rain forest as the greatest port to give the evolution to biodiversity, while other claims that even great and devastating variations can be brought in by the seas, oceans and green land bio mes.

Importance of biodiversity:

The diverse changes in the flora and fauna are important to be kept retain as they keep the ecosystem sound and unscathed. Diverging ecosystem provide the essential benefits to the human race in the form of huge food banks, pollination, biomass energy, recycling, clean water reservoirs, waste decomposition, climate stability and many more.

Eras of bio diversity loss:

However, extinction of biodiversity has become much critical to process in this era of industrialization, as human being is continuously destroying the other species for their sake of accommodation and other pursuits. Number of population of species tends to be in many ten billions but it is a fact that many of the species have become extinct from the ecosystem before they were discovered by the ecologists.

First era of biodiversity extinction- Era Of Mass Extinction:

The earth is claimed to be 4.5billions years old. Since the beginning of the life on earth till yet, there have been five large mass destruction events on the earth and many minor events in mass destruction that led to the drop in the biodiversity in living organisms. About 540 million years back, in the Phanerozoic era prompt increase in the biodiversity was marked when multi cellular phyla first appeared ,the period also known as the Cambrian explosion .After that came an era of mass extinction that remained for next 400 years that comprised repeatedly loss in biodiversity on mass scale.

Second era of extinction of biodiversity:

The second event of the mass destruction was due to collapse in the rain forest in carboniferous that caused great loss of flora and fauna lives.

Third era of extinction Permian Triassic Event:

However, the third event of the mass extinction was worst and the terrific one. The event is named as” Permian Triassic Event”. This event took place 251 million years before and the and the vertebrate took 30 million years in recovering after that.

Fourth era of extinction – Paleocene Extinction Event:

The forth and the recent mass extinction event took place 65 million years before, named as” Cretaceous Paleocene Extinction Event “that resulted in the extinction of the great dinosaurs. This last event of extinction got the most attention of the ecologist because of the extinction of the whole dinosaur’s race.

Holocene extinction, the present era of species extinction

After the emergence of the human race, the biodiversity reduction and the genetic diversity reduction is on its way also the this era of the biodiversity extinction is named as” Holocene extinction “this extinction is caused by human beings destroying the organisms habitat On the contrary the biodiversity have the great impact in human life and the health the impact is negative as well as positive.