“President Bush directed us to proceed expeditiously and to err as much as appropriate on the side of transparency and disclosure, and we believe we have done so,” attorney Bill Burck, who serves as Bush’s presidential records representative, wrote to the committee.

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Burck said in the letter that 101,921 pages are not being given to the committee because the White House considers them to be protected by presidential privilege and, after discussions with the Justice Department, “has directed that we not provide these documents for this reason.”

The Presidential Records Act allows both the former administration and the current White House to claim privilege on presidential documents. A White House spokesman, Raj Shah, said Saturday that he will let the letter, first reported by the Associated Press, speak for itself. Trump has not officially invoked executive privilege over the documents.

“Judge Kavanaugh, an associate and senior associate White House counsel, dealt with some of the most sensitive communications of any White House official,” Burck wrote. The major portion of the documents withheld for privilege “reflect deliberations and candid advice concerning the selection and nomination of judicial candidates, the confidentiality of which is critical to any president’s ability to carry out this core constitutional executive function.”

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The battle over Kavanaugh’s documents has been a dominant story line in the fight to replace retired justice Anthony M. Kennedy. Kavanaugh was nominated July 9, and his confirmation could tilt the balance of the Supreme Court for a generation.

Senate Democrats have been infuriated that Republicans have requested documents just from Kavanaugh’s two years as associate White House counsel as the Senate reviews the nominee’s record. Democrats have also pushed for records from Kavanaugh’s three years as Bush’s staff secretary, but Republicans say that demand is excessive and that those papers are irrelevant to Kavanaugh’s nomination.

President Barack Obama did not claim privilege on any of the documents involving now-Justice Elena Kagan, the last Supreme Court nominee to have served in a White House, according to Christopher Kang, who was a deputy counsel under Obama.

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“This may be the latest and most dramatic breach in the process, but we already knew it was a sham, broken at every step along the way,” said Kang, who is now with Demand Justice, an advocacy group working to defeat Kavanaugh and other conservative judicial nominees. “The issue now is what are Democrats going to do about it? Unite in opposition? Boycott the hearing? This kind of brash coverup requires an equally forceful response.”

A senior Senate Democratic aide said Democrats believe this would be the first time a sitting president exerted privilege under the records law to prevent disclosure of presidential documents to Congress, citing their conversations with National Archives officials.

In 1986, President Ronald Reagan asserted privilege over Justice Department documents sought by senators as they considered the nomination of William H. Rehnquist for the Supreme Court. But Reagan ultimately allowed senators to review a smaller batch of Rehnquist documents to break the impasse, according to the Congressional Research Service.

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Senate Minority Leader Charles E. Schumer (D-N.Y.) called the disclosure that the Trump White House is withholding the Kavanaugh records a “Friday night document massacre” and said it has all the makings of a coverup.

“Republicans in the Senate and the president of the United States are colluding to keep Judge Kavanaugh’s records secret and trying to hide their actions from the American people by doing it on the Friday night of a holiday weekend,” Schumer said. “What are they trying so desperately to hide?”

Presidential documents would typically be reviewed by the National Archives. But Burck’s team of 50 lawyers have led a separate process because the sheer volume of Kavanaugh’s papers would make it essentially impossible for Archives officials to finish reviewing the documents in time to get Kavanaugh confirmed by Oct. 1, when the Supreme Court convenes for its fall term.