The findings are “bleak,” the report said, and the lesson is that deeper and faster emissions cuts are needed — particularly in the world’s 20 richest countries, which are responsible for more than three-fourths of emissions worldwide.

Yet the richest country of all, the United States, is pulling out of the 2015 Paris climate accord. And the U.S. and China, the world’s biggest polluters, were among those expanding their carbon footprints last year.

By the numbers: Greenhouse gas emissions have grown by 1.5 percent a year over the last decade, the report said, and emissions must decline by 7.6 percent each year until 2030 to stay within relatively safe limits.

What’s next: The aim of the Madrid meeting is to finalize rules on implementing the Paris accord.

Water in India: Climate change is messing with the country’s all-important monsoon (and shortsighted policies aren’t helping).