Huge protests have erupted in Iran in response to the soaring cost of living and plummeting value of the rial, following Donald Trump’s decision to withdraw from the nuclear deal

Around Tehran’s Grand Bazaar, thousands marched towards the gates of parliament. Some traders shut up shop for the day voluntarily while and state media said others were forced to by angry protesters.

Many clashed with the police, and the protests – some of the biggest seen in Iran in years – were eventually dispersed by security forces using tear gas.

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State TV quoted Tehran’s deputy governor, Abdolazim Rezaie, as saying no arrests had been made.

Shops opened and business appeared to resume as normal on Tuesday.

On Monday night – once the protests had subsided – president Hassan Rouhani used a televised address to tell Iranians that the government would be able to withstand the sharp currency drop and the prospect of new US sanctions.

Iran's 'Trumpism' contest Show all 10 1 /10 Iran's 'Trumpism' contest Iran's 'Trumpism' contest A picture taken on July 3, 2017 shows a cartoon of US President Donald J. Trump and First Lady Melania Trump on display at an exhibition of the Islamic Republic's 2017 International Trumpism cartoon and caricature contest, in the capital Tehran. / AFP PHOTO / ATTA KENARE (Photo credit should read ATTA KENARE/AFP/Getty Images) AFP/Getty Images Iran's 'Trumpism' contest An Iranian woman looks at cartoons of US President Donald J. Trump at an exhibition of the Islamic Republic's 2017 International Trumpism cartoon and caricature contest, in the capital Tehran on July 3, 2017. / AFP PHOTO / ATTA KENARE (Photo credit should read ATTA KENARE/AFP/Getty Images) AFP/Getty Images Iran's 'Trumpism' contest An Iranian woman looks at cartoons of US President Donald J. Trump at an exhibition of the Islamic Republic's 2017 International Trumpism cartoon and caricature contest, in the capital Tehran on July 3, 2017. / AFP PHOTO / ATTA KENARE (Photo credit should read ATTA KENARE/AFP/Getty Images) AFP/Getty Images Iran's 'Trumpism' contest Iranian cartoonist Hadi Asadi poses for a picture with a trophy and an award next to cartoons of US President Donald J. Trump, at an exhibition of the Islamic Republic's 2017 International Trumpism cartoon and caricature contest, in the capital Tehran on July 3, 2017. / AFP PHOTO / ATTA KENARE (Photo credit should read ATTA KENARE/AFP/Getty Images) AFP/Getty Images Iran's 'Trumpism' contest Iranians look at cartoons of US President Donald J. Trump at an exhibition of the Islamic Republic's 2017 International Trumpism cartoon and caricature contest, in the capital Tehran on July 3, 2017. / AFP PHOTO / ATTA KENARE (Photo credit should read ATTA KENARE/AFP/Getty Images) AFP/Getty Images Iran's 'Trumpism' contest An Iranian woman looks at cartoons of US President Donald J. Trump at an exhibition of the Islamic Republic's 2017 International Trumpism cartoon and caricature contest, in the capital Tehran on July 3, 2017. / AFP PHOTO / ATTA KENARE (Photo credit should read ATTA KENARE/AFP/Getty Images) AFP/Getty Images Iran's 'Trumpism' contest Iranian reformist cleric Mahmoud Doaei looks at cartoons of US President Donald J. Trump at an exhibition of the Islamic Republic's 2017 International Trumpism cartoon and caricature contest, in the capital Tehran on July 3, 2017. / AFP PHOTO / ATTA KENARE (Photo credit should read ATTA KENARE/AFP/Getty Images) AFP/Getty Images Iran's 'Trumpism' contest An Iranian man looks at cartoons of US President Donald J. Trump at an exhibition of the Islamic Republic's 2017 International Trumpism cartoon and caricature contest, in the capital Tehran on July 3, 2017. / AFP PHOTO / ATTA KENARE (Photo credit should read ATTA KENARE/AFP/Getty Images) AFP/Getty Images Iran's 'Trumpism' contest An Iranian woman looks at cartoons of US President Donald J. Trump at an exhibition of the Islamic Republic's 2017 International Trumpism cartoon and caricature contest, in the capital Tehran on July 3, 2017. / AFP PHOTO / ATTA KENARE (Photo credit should read ATTA KENARE/AFP/Getty Images) AFP/Getty Images Iran's 'Trumpism' contest Iranian reformist cleric Mahmoud Doaei looks at cartoons of US President Donald J. Trump at an exhibition of the Islamic Republic's 2017 International Trumpism cartoon and caricature contest, in the capital Tehran on July 3, 2017. / AFP PHOTO / ATTA KENARE (Photo credit should read ATTA KENARE/AFP/Getty Images) AFP/Getty Images

“Even in the worst case, I promise that the basic needs of Iranians will be provided,” he said. “We have enough sugar, wheat, and cooking oil. We have enough foreign currency to inject into the market,” Mr Rouhani added, blaming the fall in the rial’s value on “foreign media propaganda”.

It is unlikely, however, that Iranians will be reassured by his promises.

In May, Mr Trump followed up on a campaign trail promise to withdraw from 2015’s Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, in which world powers obliged Iran to curb its nuclear programme in exchange for the lifting of crippling international sanctions.

Since America’s decision, the value of the Iranian rial has plummeted, driving up the cost of imports for many ordinary businesses and consumers.

It is also feared threatened new sanctions from Washington will cut into Iran’s hard currency earnings from oil exports.

Street demonstrations are common across Iran, but Monday’s impromptu protests were the biggest since 2012.

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The popular discontent then eventually led to the election of a new, more moderate government and Iranian willingness to engage in the talks that led to the nuclear deal.

There were also anti-government protests across the country in December 2017 and January 2018, but they did not reach Tehran.

Before Mr Trump withdrew from the nuclear deal there were 65,000 rials to the dollar, on Iran’s unofficial currency exchange market, compared to around 90,000 on Monday.

Iran protests – in pictures Show all 11 1 /11 Iran protests – in pictures Iran protests – in pictures University students at an anti-government protest inside Tehran University, 30 December 2017 AP Iran protests – in pictures A university student at a protest inside Tehran University while a smoke grenade is thrown by anti-riot Iranian police, 30 December 2017 AP Iran protests – in pictures University students at a protest inside Tehran University, 30 December 2017 AP Iran protests – in pictures University students run away from the police during an anti-government protest inside Tehran University, 30 December 2017 AP Iran protests – in pictures An image grab taken from a handout video released by Iran's Mehr News agency reportedly shows a group of men pulling at a fence in a street in Tehran, 30 December 2017 AFP/Getty Iran protests – in pictures Demonstrators gather to protest in Tehran, 30 December 2017 AP Iran protests – in pictures Iranians chant slogans as they march in support of the government near the Imam Khomeini grand mosque in Tehran, 30 December 2017 AFP/Getty Iran protests – in pictures Iranians chant slogans as they march in support of the government near the Imam Khomeini grand mosque in Tehran, December 30 2017 Iran protests – in pictures Iranian clerics take part during a state-organized rally against anti-government protests in the country, in the holy city of Qom, south west Iran, 3 January 2018 EPA Iran protests – in pictures In this photo provided by the Iranian Students' News Agency, a clergyman takes a picture of a pro-government demonstration in the southwestern city of Ahvaz, Iran, 3 January 2018 ISNA via AP Iran protests – in pictures Pro-government demonstrators gather at the Massoumeh shrine in Iran's holy city of Qom, some 130 kilometres south of Tehran, 3 January 2018 AFP/Getty

Critics point out the Iranian authorities’ recent attempt to shore up the rial’s value by banning black market exchange rate has failed as panicking Iranians seek to move their savings into a more stable currency.

The industries and trade ministry also announced that the import of 13,000 products will be banned, and manufactured in Iran instead, to stave off the effect of fresh sanctions.

Mr Rouhani said his country would not give in to US pressure, calling the sanctions which come into effect in August and November part of a “psychological, economic and political war”.