Tom Dumoulin of the Netherlands took control of the Giro d’Italia with a supreme victory in the stage 10 time-trial.

The Team Sunweb rider Dumoulin resumed following Monday’s rest day in third place, 30 seconds behind the leader, Movistar’s Nairo Quintana, but the Dutchman overcame it with ease by winning the 39.8km time-trial from Foligno to Montefalco by 49 seconds from Team Sky’s Geraint Thomas, taking the pink jersey in the process.

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Dumoulin now leads Quintana by two minutes 23 seconds before Wednesday’s hilly 161km 11th stage from Florence to Bagno di Romagna.

Thomas lost more than five minutes on Sunday’s ninth stage to Blockhaus following a crash caused by a police motorbike. The Welshman recovered some of his losses in the race against the clock and was the provisional leader before Dumoulin took to the course. Thomas moved up six places from 17th to 11th, and now lies 5min 33sec behind Dumoulin and 14sec short of the top 10.

The Briton told Eurosport: “It was one of those where I just thought get on with it, get stuck in, bite the bullet and see how quickly I could go. It shows I’ve got the form and condition. I certainly felt a bit handicapped with my arm. Hopefully I can recover more now in the next few days. It’s a good boost to the confidence to put time into most of the GC guys – it still hurts mentally to lose the chance of going for a win or the podium, through no fault of my own. You can’t dwell on that. You’ve got to move on, keep fighting and see what you can get out of it.”

Quintana knew the day’s racing would be about consolidating losses for him as Dumoulin has time-trial pedigree.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest Tom Dumoulin finished 49 seconds ahead of Team Sky’s Geraint Thomas in the time trial. Photograph: Luk Benies/AFP/Getty Images

The Colombian was more than two minutes behind on the road and finished in 23rd place, 2min 53sec behind.

Thibaut Pinot of the FDJ team, second at the start of the day with a 28-second deficit to Quintana, finished in 53min 19sec. The Frenchman is now fourth, 2min 40sec behind, as another Dutchman, Bauke Mollema, moved into third for the Trek Segafredo team.

Adam Yates (Orica-Scott) started the day in 16th, 4min 49sec adrift, after also being held up by the crash to Blockhaus. He finished the day in 17th place, 2min 39sec behind Dumoulin, which kept him in 16th overall.

Stage 10 results

1 Tom Dumoulin (Sunweb) 50min 37sec 2 Geraint Thomas (Team Sky) +49sec 3 Bob Jungels (Quick-Step) +56 4 Luis León Sánchez (Astana) +1:40 5 Vasil Kiryienka (Team Sky) +2:00 6 Vincenzo Nibali (Bahrain) +2:07 7 Maxime Monfort (Lotto) +2:13 8 Jos van Emden (LottoNL) +2:15 9 Andrey Amador (Movistar) +2:16 10 Bauke Mollema (Trek) +2:17

General classification

1 Tom Dumoulin (Sunweb) 42hrs 57min16sec 2 Nairo Quintana (Movistar) +2min 23sec 3 Bauke Mollema (Trek) +2:38 4 Thibaut Pinot (FDJ) +2:40 5 Vincenzo Nibali (Bahrain) +2:47 6 Bob Jungels (Quick-Step) +3:56 7 Domenico Pozzovivo (AG2R) +4:05 8 Ilnur Zakarin (Katusha) +4:17 9 Andrey Amador (Movistar) +4:39 10 Steven Kruijswijk (LottoNL) +5:19 Others: 11 Geraint Thomas (Team Sky) +5:33 16 Adam Yates (Orica) +6:58 17 Tejay van Garderen (BMC Racing) +7:42