PARIS — President Emmanuel Macron of France on Wednesday invited the Lebanese prime minister to come to France with his family, appearing to offer him a way to leave Saudi Arabia, where he has remained under mysterious circumstances since he unexpectedly declared his resignation 11 days ago in a speech broadcast from the country.

In a bizarre diplomatic situation, concern has mounted that the prime minister, Saad Hariri, has been coerced by Saudi Arabia and may be a de facto prisoner there. His insistence in a television interview on Sunday that he was “free” did little to dispel the questions.

Saudi Arabia, Mr. Hariri’s political patron, has been intensifying its efforts to confront increasing Iranian influence and power in the region. Mr. Hariri’s resignation was widely seen as part of a Saudi strategy to isolate Iran and its Lebanese ally, Hezbollah, which is part of the coalition government Mr. Hariri has headed for a year

Also on Wednesday, Mr. Hariri’s older brother, Bahaa, made his first public statement since the crisis began. He appeared to be signaling that he was willing to toe the Saudi line, perhaps more enthusiastically than his brother, who Riyadh wanted to take a more confrontational approach to Hezbollah.