There's a massive trade war brewing between South Korea and Japan, which is the culmination of decades of mistrust and political tensions.

It was triggered on July 1, when Tokyo placed export restrictions on three key materials that South Korea needs to make semiconductors and display screens.

Many South Koreans have threatened to boycott Japanese beer and films. Some gas station owners are even refusing to refuel Japanese cars.

Seoul plans to report Japan to the World Trade Organization.

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South Korean gas stations are refusing to refuel Japanese cars in the latest escalation of the two countries' new trade war, which comes after decades of political and economic tensions.


Those tensions exploded to the surface on July 1, when Japan placed export restrictions on three key high-tech materials - fluorinated polyimide, photoresists, and hydrogen fluoride - on which South Korea relies to make semiconductors and display screens for its booming electronics industry.Tokyo also plans to remove Seoul from a whitelist of nations that face minimum trade restrictions.


Sung Yoon-mo, South Korea's industry minister, told reporters on Tuesday according to Reuters : "It is a very grave matter that shakes the foundation of South Korea-Japan economic partnership and Northeast Asian security cooperation that has been maintained and developed for more than 60 years."

"Removal of South Korea from the white list of countries is against international norms and we are worried about its serious negative impact on global value chains and free trade," he added.


Similarly Yoshihide Suga, Japan's top government spokesman, said on Tuesday: "Japan-South Korea relations are now in a very severe state," as cited by Reuters .South Korean President Moon Jae-in earlier this month called the new trade restrictions an "unprecedented emergency," and accused Tokyo of imposing them for political gain.

He also warned dozens of executives from companies including Samsung, Hyundai, and Lotte that this trade war could last for a long time, Bloomberg reported.


Japanese and South Korean officials met for five hours on July 12 in an effort to ease tensions, but failed to achieve a breakthrough, The Japan Times reported

US President Donald Trump offered to help end the impasse last Friday, Reuters reported, but no US intervention is yet to occur.

Seoul now plans to report Tokyo to the World Trade Organization at meetings on Tuesday and Wednesday, and says it is considering suing Japan over alleged unfair trading practices, The Japan Times said.


Car owners, beer drinkers, and anime fans affected

Tokyo denies those allegations and says any wrongdoing is Seoul's.

Many South Koreans have since vowed to boycott Japanese products, and called on gas station operators to stop refueling Japanese cars, The Korea Times reported. Some of them have complied, with one owner telling the newspaper that whenever he saw a Japanese car he saw "a Japanese flag."


Some auto service centers have also formed alliances to refuse serving Japanese autos, the newspaper said.

Observers say, however, that these boycotts are just harming Koreans rather than the Japanese government.


"The victim of the gas stations refusing to fill up Japanese cars isn't the Japanese government but the car owners," The Korea Times quoted South Korean online news outlet E Today as saying."If people don't use gas stations, the victim is not the Japanese government but the gas station owners," it added.

South Koreans have also overwhelmingly bought less Japanese beer, booked fewer trips to Japan, and even refused to watch Japanese movies.


According to Emart, South Korea's biggest retailer, sales of Japanese beer between July 1 and July 18 were 30% lower year on year, South Korea's Hankyoreh newspaper reported

"Butt Detective: The Movie," a Japanese anime film based on a series popular in South Korea, also suffered at the box office after its July 11 release, The Hankyoreh reported.

The movie also received multiple negative reviews, many of which said that Koreans shouldn't watch Japanese films, The Hankyoreh noted.


100-year-long tensions bubbling under the surface

Last week a 78-year-old South Korean man died of self-immolation outside the Japanese embassy in Seoul. Police said he set fire to himself because of "his hostility against Japan," according to Agence France-Presse

The two countries have had an uneasy relationship since 1910, when Japan forcefully colonized the Korean Peninsula - which at the same was still unified - and ruled it with an iron fist.


During World War II, Japan - which was still controlling Korea - forced millions of Koreans to become laborers to support Japan's military ambitions, and conscripted tens of thousands as soldiers.


Though Tokyo and Seoul normalized diplomatic relations in 1965, their relationship remained uneasy.Last year, after a South Korean court ordered Japanese firms to compensate Koreans who were forced into wartime labor, many Japanese firms - including Mitsubishi Heavy - refused to comply, viewing it as an erosion of trust between the two countries' relations.

The Japanese government says the 1965 treaty settled all colonial-era debts, while many people in South Korea argue they had no choice but to accept it at the time, Pomona College Professor Tom Le wrote in The Washington Post this week.