Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption The seeds of the latest row are disputed, as Steve Evans reports

South Korean President Park Geun-hye has said its cross-border propaganda broadcasts will continue until Pyongyang apologises for landmines that injured two South Korean soldiers.

North Korea has threatened to use force to stop the broadcasts, ratcheting up tensions on the Korean Peninsula.

High-level talks to resolve the issue went through a second night on Sunday.

Both country's militaries are on alert after a brief exchange of fire at the border on Thursday.

'Appropriate steps'

North Korea denies laying the landmines which maimed the soldiers earlier this month as they were patrolling the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), the heavily fortified border.

It also denies shelling the South on Thursday, an incident which prompted return artillery fire from the South.

Image copyright Associated Press Image caption The two Koreas remain technically at war, because the 1950-1953 conflict ended in an armistice, not a peace treaty

"We need a clear apology and measures to prevent a recurrence of these provocations and tense situations," said Ms Park according to a statement released by her office.

"Otherwise, this government will take appropriate steps and continue loudspeaker broadcasts."

South Korea resumed the propaganda broadcasts along the DMZ earlier this month, after an 11-year hiatus, in apparent retaliation for the landmine attack.

'On a war footing'

The talks that began on Saturday in the abandoned "truce village" of Panmunjom inside the DMZ have, for the time being, subdued heated rhetoric of imminent war.

South Korea is represented by national security adviser Kim Kwan-jin and Unification Minister Hong Yong-pyo, while the North has sent senior officials Kim Yong-gon and Hwang Pyong-so, who is seen by many analysts as North Korean leader Kim Jong-un's second-in-command.

Image copyright AFP Image caption Both countries have put their militaries on alert

Image copyright Associated Press Image caption South Korea's military says the North is preparing for war

However, South Korea's military had said that most of North Korea's submarines appeared to be away from their bases, and amphibious landing vessels had been deployed to the border, the Yonhap news agency reports.

On Friday, North Korea ordered its troops to be "on a war footing".

South Korea has evacuated almost 4,000 residents from border areas and warned that it would "retaliate harshly" to any acts of aggression.

The two Koreas remain technically at war, because the 1950-1953 conflict ended in an armistice, not a peace treaty.

Loudspeakers and psychological warfare

Image copyright Getty Images

In 2004, South Korea and North Korea reached an agreement to dismantle their propaganda loudspeakers at the border.

The broadcasts were part of a programme of psychological warfare, according to South Korean newspaper Korea Times, to deliver outside news so that North Korean soldiers and border-area residents could hear it.

Mobilising the propagandists in North Korea