Prime Minister Boris Johnson defended his attempt to suspend Parliament in the critical weeks ahead of Britain’s deadline to leave the European Union, accusing lawmakers of “sabotaging” Brexit talks and saying the Supreme Court was wrong to rule his actions unlawful.

On Tuesday, the British Supreme Court ruled unanimously that Mr. Johnson had overstepped by trying to cut short lawmakers’ time to challenge his Brexit plans before the deadline, on Oct. 31. Received with jeers and shouts from opposition lawmakers on Wednesday, Mr. Johnson was unapologetic for his actions.

“It is absolutely no disrespect to the judiciary to say that I think the court was wrong to pronounce on what is essentially a political question,” he said. He added that he had requested a suspension of Parliament from the queen so that Britain could face “a life after Brexit” and move on to other issues.

He also accused Parliament, where he has lost his majority, of “sabotaging the negotiations” between his government and the European Union, including by voting against leaving the European Union without a deal. And he insisted that leaders on the Continent were willing to renegotiate a deal with him, despite their assertions to the contrary.