High blood pressure known as hypertension is the condition wherein the force of blood against the artery walls is higher. The pressure of blood exceeds than the requisite levels. It is measured by the quantum of blood that is pumped by the heart and the level of resistance for the blood to flow in the arteries. Increased blood pressure may result in heart problems or strokes.

Hypertension without any particular cause may be described as primary or essential hypertension that develops in gradual manners. People suffering from high blood pressure due to certain underlying conditions are said to be affected with Secondary Hypertension. It is caused due to thyroid problems, kidney disorders or adrenal gland tumors. Defective blood vessels or birth control pills and prescription drugs may be behind this disorder. Disrupted sleep, alcohol abuse or drugs including amphetamines or cocaine may be behind Secondary Hypertension.

Symptoms – There may be no symptoms of high blood pressure in many cases. But dizziness, dull headaches or unusual nosebleeds may be the symptoms of this problem. One must undergo blood pressure checking at least once a year and it should be examined in both the arms.

Causes – Several factors are responsible for high blood pressure. Both sexes are prone to this ailment. Age is one of the causes of hypertension. Men over forty five and women after sixty five years of age are likely to develop high blood pressure. Race may also play a great role as blacks are more vulnerable to this ailment. They may develop kidney failure, stroke and heart attacks. High blood pressure may run in families. Extra fat is also one of the major causes of hypertension. Inactivity is also one of the major reasons behind high blood pressure. We see that the people without any solid physical work are more prone to this ailment while the workers and laborers are free from this problem. Habitual smokers may fall victim to this disorder. Chemicals in the tobacco damage the artery walls in a big way. Secondhand smoke also leads to this problem. Taking excessive salt may cause high blood pressure because it retains fluid in the body. Too little potassium in the diets is also responsible for high blood pressure. Likewise deficiency of vitamin D is also behind this problem. Excessive intake of alcohol, stress and sleep apnea or kidney problems may result in hypertension.

Treatment – The doctor may recommend some over-the-counter medications to lower the blood pressure and find sufficient relief. Serious cases may require hospitalization too. Patients are advised to get their blood pressure checked in regular manners.

Those suffering from obesity should shed extra fat by getting involved in physical exercises and yoga etc. Long walks are good for such people that may go for swimming and cycling. All such activities help to reduce weight that is the culprit behind high blood pressure. Smokers should quit tobacco without any delay as it is the major reason to block the arteries walls that lead to high blood pressure. Quantity of salt in the diets should be minimized. One should stay away from excessive intake of alcohol as it is also one of the reasons of high blood pressure. Diets should be enriched with minerals and vitamins, particularly vitamin D. One should stay away from stress to keep hypertension at bay.

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