The Karvuon Smart Grid Supervisory Control and Monitoring System will become the main energy-control platform utilizing blockchain technology in areas that do not currently have a central control system.

The platform will monitor electricity from production to transmission to distribution to end-users. It is important for energy producers and end-users to understand the production and consumption of energy right down to the smallest detail.

Blockchain technology will be implemented to manage all transactions, verification of transactions, and smart contracts for executing deals between parties.

Karvuon Smart Grid

The Karvuon Smart Grid is an integrated solution system to be developed at

Karvuon, LLC. It will act as the main control panel for all participants in the grid.

The system aims to meet the business objectives of both major and minor players of energy production and consumer demand by offering a smart, cost-effective solution.

To producers and prosumers, the system offers:

● Cost-effective energy distribution

● Reduced operational costs; improved employee safety

● Competitive tariff and increased revenue

● Greater opportunities for clean energy suppliers

● Higher customer satisfaction and more.

To consumers the system offers:

● Effective energy consumption and reduced energy cost

● Reliable, independent power supply (No blackout, No surge)

● Better customer service with accurate billing

Components of Karvuon Smart Grid

At the highest architectural layer, KSG consists of the following essential components:

· Karvuon Smart Meter (KSM) — An electronic device that measures the consumption of electric energy and communicates the information to a nearby control unit on a time-sensitive basis.

· Karvuon Smart Relay Control Unit (KSR) — Microprocessor-based smart relays. KSR’s main functions are to control connected smart meters and transfer information from/to control terminal units.

· Smart Control Terminal Units — Small control stations that collect and transfer data from relay control units to/from the SCADA station.

· Karvuon Smart Grid Supervisory Control and Management System (KSG-SCMS). At the heart of our grid, a KSG-SCMS system monitors, controls, and manages the overall operation of the grid. KSG-SCMS is a system designed and developed by our own engineers with inter-operative software modules.

- SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) — Software for collecting and transmitting grid data and sending control signals to other components of the system.

- EMS (Energy Management System) — Receives data from SCADA and performs functions of forecasting, monitoring, measuring, and control of both energy generation and energy consumption of reliable and stable operation of the smart grid.

- BCIS (Billing and Customer Information System) — Software that controls and manages all billing and payment-related functions.

SGAMS (Smart Grid Asset Management System)

Features of KSG system

In addition to the main components of the smart grid, our system will have the following features:

Karvuon smart meters and relay control units are compliant with the IEC 62056 standard (data exchange for meter reading, tariff, and load control).

On the grid, all software systems, including SCADA, follow the IEC 61850 standard.

SCADA can communicate with other devices that implement Modbus RTU, RP-570, Profibus, or Conitel protocols. These are popular vendor-specific SCADA protocols. Implementation of various communication protocols in SCADA along with IEC standards enables our KSG to integrate other energy grids without hassle.

At the core of the energy management system, a machine-learning algorithm works to levitate efficient forecasting of energy generation and consumption.

Main Issues in KSG

As more individual suppliers and other grids want to connect to KSG, a unified medium of exchange is required for the payment system.

With thousands (maybe millions) of smart devices connected to the grid, physical and cybersecurity become major issues.

As the grid expands, more computational power is required for data processing.

Solution — Blockchain

In order to address the main issues with KSG, a blockchain system will be implemented.

- Blockchain offers unified, secure payment solutions.

- With so many smart devices already connected to the KSG network, implementing blockchain technology on the existing KSG infrastructure comes at a minimal cost.

- With blockchain, hacking of smart meters and other physical devices becomes impossible.

SCADA System

Karvuon LLC is developing valuable, innovative services that provide full transparency of processes, cost reduction, and convenience.

Considering that the Karvuon environment features energy resource production facilities, it is important to manage and monitor them in a real-time manner. For these needs, we are designing the Karvuon SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) system.

This system will check all the operational activities from energy production facilities, such as:

● solar farms

● wind farms

● power plants

This will provide system operators with real-time data for energy-leak prevention and quick reaction time on any production issues.

The Karvuon Blockchain Data Center will also be connected to the SCADA system for efficient operations management and full control of all activities.

The Karvuon SCADA system is a software application that will be used for process control from local and remote locations, information-gathering from multiple smart devices, and storage in appropriate databases.

As an additional feature, Karvuon, LLC is going to deploy a private blockchain environment utilizing Hyperledger Fabric. This will be connected to the SCADA software. The solution allows us to design a secure blockchain environment with PBFT consensus, which provides the ability to reach an agreement on the current network state when multiple parties have the opportunity to take part in the consensus process. Our private blockchain solution will be developed after the STO campaign and will be described in an additional document which will be announced on our website in full detail after the IEO campaign.