What if everyone, no matter what age, economic status, location, or household size, was guaranteed a minimum income? Mark Zuckerberg of Facebook and Tesla's Elon Musk, among other Silicon Valley giants, believe this idea, called universal basic income, will provide greater economic security--especially for those whose jobs could be lost to the automation and artificial intelligence technologies sweeping the world.

Universal basic income would offer a baseline paycheck for everyone, regardless of job status. Experiments have taken place in countries like Canada and Finland, and India is looking into implementing a uniform stipend for every citizen.

In April, the Canadian province of Ontario launched an experiment with universal basic income--4,000 residents from the ages of 18 to 64 living on a limited income are getting up to $12,616 annually. The program encourages people to earn their own additional income, but would give them something just in case. Finland's policy, implemented in January, is similar--2,000 citizens receive a monthly stipend of $587. This money is guaranteed regardless of wealth or job status.

In the U.S., Y Combinator, a well-known startup accelerator, launched a universal basic income experiment in Oakland, California, in January. The pilot provides 100 families anywhere from $1,000 to $2,000 monthly, no matter what. The program, slated to last between six months to a year, is part of Y Combinator's larger research study on universal basic income.

Of course, the idea has detractors. Countries like Switzerland recently rejected the concept outright, after a vote scuttled the initiative in 2016. Critics argue that a universal basic income is simply too expensive--implementing a program might decrease funding for other programs like Social Security or Medicaid--and that it might encourage people not to work.

Here's how the tech elite come down in the controversial policy:

1. Mark Zuckerberg, co-founder and CEO of Facebook

Zuckerberg brought up the idea during his Harvard commencement speech in May. The Facebook CEO believes a universal basic income could encourage innovation. "We should explore ideas like universal basic income to make sure that everyone has a cushion to try new ideas," he said during his speech.

2. Elon Musk, co-founder and CEO of Tesla

The Tesla CEO believes a universal basic income could be the solution to machines taking people's jobs. In a November 2016 interview with CNBC, Musk said that there didn't seem to be any other choice but universal basic income. "There's a pretty good chance we end up with a universal basic income, or something like that, due to automation," Musk told CNBC.

He also said that having a universal basic income would open the doors for people to have more leisure time and to pursue their interests.

3. Sam Altman, president of Y Combinator

Altman is at the forefront of Y Combinator's Oakland experiment. At his Basic Income Project's inception, Altman wrote in a blog post that he believes increased automation would lead to an eventual nationwide implementation of a universal basic income.

"I also think that it's impossible to truly have equality of opportunity without some version of guaranteed income," Altman wrote. "And I think that, combined with innovation driving down the cost of having a great life, by doing something like this we could eventually make real progress toward eliminating poverty."

4. Pierre Omidyar, founder of eBay

The eBay founder's Omidyar Network announced in February that it was investing almost $500,000 in a universal basic income experiment in Kenya backed by the charity GiveDirectly. In the largest UBI experiment to date, the program will provide long-term UBI to 6,000 people for 12 years, and 26,000 people in 200 villages will receive cash transfers in all. In a blog post, the network cited automation and globalization as large disruptions to traditional work structures.