We asked every single City Council candidate what they would do about flooding. Here’s what they told us.

Houston residents ranked flooding as the most important problem facing the city and its neighborhoods — and more than a third said Houston is doing a poor job of addressing it, according to Houston Public Media/KHOU's recent poll.

To find out where candidates for Houston City Council stand on the issue, Houston Public Media invited all 111 candidates to respond to a flood survey about how the city and its policymakers should face future storms.

The survey contained seven questions about flooding and flood control, including building in the 100-year floodplain, disclosure for renters and if climate change should be addressed in flood mitigation planning. More than two-thirds of candidates responded.

Early voting runs from Oct. 21 through Nov. 1, with Election Day on Nov. 5. On the ballot: all 16 seats on Houston City Council. Five of those seats are at-large positions that all Houstonians vote for, while the other 11 seats are geographic districts that appear on the ballot depending on where you live.

The full list of candidates running for City Council is available, here. To find out which council district race you'll be voting in, you can enter your address on this map.

And, for a closer look at the survey results, check out our analysis.

Here's what over 70 candidates had to say about flooding — and how to fight it. You can jump to your district by selecting it from the dropdown:

Select Race District A District B District C District D District E District F District G District H District I District J District K At-Large Position 1 At-Large Position 2 At-Large Position 3 At-Large Position 4 At-Large Position 5

District A

Mehdi Cherkaoui “I’m not a politician. I am an attorney who wants to represent district A in City Hall and use common sense, business experience and proven advocacy skills to fight against government waste, inefficiencies, invest in flood mitigation and enhance public safety. I am the only candidate who pledged NOT to take donations from special interest and city contractors. I am ONLY beholden to the voters.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. Storms are getting stronger and rainfall is getting heavier. We cannot as a city address flooding unless we have a comprehensive conversation about climate change. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

Encourage and facilitate development of low cost housing by incentivizing builders and developers to cater to this segment of our population. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

First, the City needs to raise awareness about proper preparedness during natural disasters. Second, City leadership has to keep citizens aware of updates, evacuation routes and then mobilize its resources to conduct rescue operations in collaboration with the county and volunteers. Keeping lines of communication through phones and social media is also crucial. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

The City must plan bigger storm water detention projects and new infrastructure in collaboration with the County’s flood control district. However, in light of the State of Texas’ latest decision to take control of over $4 billion of flood prevention away from the City and the county, it is clear that both City and County leaders have failed to work together with respect to flood mitigation.

Amy Peck “With over a decade of experience in resolving constituent issues, Amy knows what it takes to find solutions, navigate complicated governmental agencies and get results. As chief of staff for Council Member Brenda Stardig since 2014, she has already been serving the citizens of District A. Amy has a unique understanding of the needs of the district and will continue advocating for the community.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. The current Floodplain Ordinance is not sufficient. It does not address the real issues we see in our community. I support responsible development, but the City needs to get the ordinances right before any more development should happen in the floodplain. I am committed to getting the ordinances right to make sure we are developing responsibly and not borrowing against future generations. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. What the City is doing now is not working. We need to strengthen the detention requirements, and the City needs to work with all of the stakeholders to come up with meaningful solutions. It might not be a matter of only strengthening the detention requirements. We have to get creative to find ways to mitigate flooding, and I will do that. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. People have a right to know their risks before making decisions about where to live. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Let's start with instituting a meaningful comprehensive flood plan of any kind first. We need to look at any factor that might impact flooding, but at this point, we know where the issues are and what projects we need to fix them. Let's move forward on that before we spend more time addressing other elements. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

The City needs to make it a better business proposition for developers to be interested in affordable housing. In order to do this, we need to streamline the permitting process. I have proposed starting a Sunset Review Program where we do a thorough audit of every department, including the permitting department. Each department needs to justify their performance and their existence. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

District A had the only high-water rescue vehicle in the City during Hurricane Harvey because we prioritized funds for this. We need better equipment for our first responders. We also need to completely upgrade our 911 system. It was complete chaos during Harvey because the 911 system was not operating as it should. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

I have already worked with the County on a project to mitigate flooding in order to expedite its launch and will continue to do so as the council member. We need to leverage funds from both entities. We also need to work on a plan for regional detention with both entities because flooding does not start and stop at the city limits.

Lois Dickson Myers “3-Time Flood-Victim in past 10 Years, owned a home in District A for 41 years that never flooded before Developers built in our area causing hundreds of homes to flood, so studied to find why. A former Sr. English Teacher, turned small-business owner, Houston Realtor 40 Years, I see property values declining due to flooding: bad for economic stability of Community, but I’ve found Real Solutions to fix our flooding.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. Houston has allowed too much cement building on ground; passed Ordinance in Mar 2013 to increase by 4 TIMES the amount of building per each (1) acre, while PWE Dept said NOTHING about increasing drainage requirements to mitigate for displacement of rain — Recipe for Disaster! Led to massive flooding in COH’s 1300 Square Mi (incldg ETJs). More stringent drainage regs needed, as NOAA Atlas 14 Standards. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes! Developers need to put in/pay for Detention Ponds, above/below ground, on their own property to detain their own rain run-off displaced by their cement— instead of pushing it into homes/streets with inadequate Drains to Nowhere, causing flooding in Houston’s flat terrain. Also needed: Enforcement of COH Infrastructure Design Manual, Chpt 9, Detention Regs, which some Developers are violating. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. As a Realtor, I would advocate for this on state and city levels. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes! COH should adopt NOAA Atlas 14 drainage standards of 19.4 Inches of Rain in 24 Hr-Period in 100-year Flood Event — more stringent than COH standards based on “Area Measurement” (.5 Acre Feet of Detention per 1 Acre). NOAA standards are a “Volume Measurement”— Multiply .5 Ac Ft TIMES X number of Acres TIMES 19.4 Inches of Rain Divided by 12 Inches = the Number of Acre Feet of Detention Required. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

I do not understand your question. Overall, I do not believe building should take place in flood-prone areas, but “flood-prone” is a nebulous term. More specifics are required to answer this question. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

Have a Website or Text Messaging System to alert Residents where the Rain is moving to or from, and how many inches of Rain are falling or are predicted, and the time involved. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

USACE should be over City/Co & implement USACE MasterPlan to fix Houston flooding. I met with Engineers USACE/Galveston May 2018 and wrote up their Plan on Website Form7001, submitted to ASA in DC; working with DC Legislators to put into WRDA Bills. USACE R Experts (Ex: Built Panama Canal connecting E to W Oceans of World.) But USACE can’t do a thing unless Congress appoints/appropriates them money.

Iesheia Wilson “I am a recent graduate at Lone Star College-Cyfair Campus with a degree in Business Accounting. I am not new to helping the community. I am an active member of Carverdale Community Civic Club and attend other club meetings as well. I pride myself on being a hard worker, dedicated servant and a responsible leader. I’m ready to get to work for you.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

Yes. I also believe we need a new 500-year floodplain. We have to start working with the county and other entities to keep Houston from flooding. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Developers have to know and understand that if they are working on a project and the requirements have not been meet then they will be held accountable by either taking away their ability to bid on contracts for a while and pay back the funds they were given to do the project properly. We have to start accountability somewhere to ensure our water detentions requirements are met. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Everyone needs to know if they are living in an area that floods or at risk for flooding. We have to start holding these landlords accountable and make sure they are providing the information needed to make families feel safe. For too long they have been getting away with doing nothing, but not on my watch. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. We first acknowledge it. Once elected I am going to work with the organizations who are already on the ground fighting for climate change. We all need to start working together to fight flooding and climate change together. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

We need to look at the qualifications for affordable housing. We have to also make sure the families that are a part of this program will be able to afford the housing for the length of the loan. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

I think the plan we have is good, but one thing I would add is having the city and the school districts work together so we don’t put our kids in harm’s way like it has been done in the past. We have to start being proactive instead of reactive. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

We have to meet and make plans together so we can make sure the communities of Houston are getting the best. We also need to bring the state in so we can all work for the betterment of Texas.

Marina Angelica Coryat “Marina holds a BA in Government from Cornell University. She worked for the City of Houston for 21 years in the Mayor’s Office, Housing and the Solid Waste Management Departments. She is the Communications Director for a State Representative. She has also worked in the private sector and as an entrepreneur. Serves on the HAUL board. Graduate of Leadership Houston & the Center for Houston's Future.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

Yes. No one can determine when and how an area will be affected. I would rather encourage construction in a 500-year floodplain zone but if there is not an option, I recommend that new construction be developed in a manner to raise elevation to prepare in the event of a flood. I also want new construction to not have an adverse effect on homes in the neighborhood by ensuring proper drainage. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. As we have had more flooding recently, I would support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements. We do not need to have an adverse effect on neighborhoods and other properties due to recent development. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. I think potential renters should be informed. Let the renters make their own minds up if they want to risk the chance for flooding. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. In fact, FEMA is encouraging communities to incorporate methods to mitigate the impacts of climate change. FEMA has developed initial guidance on mitigating flood and drought actions including green infrastructure methods, expanded ecosystem service benefits, and three flood reduction and drought mitigation activities. We should use this in our planning to reduce risks and increase resilience. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

I would work with the Mayor and the Housing & Community Development to obtain more Community Development Block Grant money to support affordable housing, especially for senior citizens. Additionally, we would work with other organizations such as the Houston Area Urban League who help address affordable housing issues. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

As one who worked at TranStar & HEC during disasters such as TS Allison/Hurricane Ike, City should make sure that its plans are current: emergency management, debris removal plans, evacuation, media & communications, & emergency contacts for staff that will have to work during the storm. There should be a coordinated effort between the city, county, schools & businesses to get folks home early. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

There should be experts from both sides looking at how to address including a joint emergency flood notification system; infrastructure improvements to accommodate flow; a community education/outreach campaign; the preservation and improvement of open space in floodplains; constructing detention areas to minimize flash flooding events; and new regulations and building standards.

District B

Huey German-Wilson “I am currently a resident of Trinity/Houston Gardens, where I have lived for the last 10 years. I was raised in Trinity Gardens. I have been a grassroots advocate working on infrastructure, parks, libraries and food insecurity in my community. I have worked along with other community members/leaders to develop a community Farmers Market to increase fresh produce in the community.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

Yes. There have been so many instances of flooding in the last few years that there are places in the 100-year floodplain that weren’t there before. We can build to mitigate the issue of flooding. Increasing current parks, golf courses, gardens and detention basins to be utilized during flooding. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. If we can be assured that these detention requirements are maintained adequately. There should be some way of mandating that these requirements live on for a considerable period of time. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Residents should not be subjected to moving into property that isn’t properly repaired. If landlords are required to disclose the possibility of flooding they will be more apt to properly repair the property and mitigate for flooding to make their property more marketable. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes it does need to address climate change. We need to try to live in our communities with the risk of some flooding and strategic plans to work around. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

I would utilize some of the existing housing stock, bring it up to code around individual communities. This housing method can add valuable units to each community. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

The city can improve its emergency response during natural disasters by planning for flooding, making strategic plans for emergency housing and emergency evacuation. It would be helpful if the city would use the MSC to house people in each community on a temporary basis. Residents need to be close to their home and have access to services to recover as quickly as possible after a disaster. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

Both the city and the county can work on improved drainage across the community and the county can work to ensure that the bayous and detention areas can handle the processing of water once it reaches those channels. A concerted effort to develop mass plans sensitive to each community based on need. By using a grid system to identify low lying areas and address those around the community.

Alice Kirkmon “My name is Ms. Alice Kirkmon and I am a proud resident of the Kashmere Gardens and 5th Ward community. I was born and raised in this community and have remained here and raised my children here. I was honored to attend Prairie View A&M University where I majored in Business and minored English.

I own several businesses in the community and run an early childhood development center.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. The city is growing, so I see both sides of the issue. We want to thrive and grow as a community. However, we must consider the effects flooding has on families and individuals who will be future victims if we build in the the 100-year floodplain. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Water run-off is important to reduce potential flooding to streets and area homes. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Renters need to be aware of where they live and the potential for flooding. It’s only fair that our citizens are allowed to make informed decisions about the places they call home. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

I believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan is one way the city is addressing climate change. Another way to do that is to create more green spaces. Everything we build can’t be concrete. If we want to have a future that won’t put us under water every time it rains, we need to think about creating parks and nature preserves. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

There are many ways to increase affordable housing, but one way is to give tax credits to developers for the acquisition, rehabilitation or construction of rental housing targeted to lower-income households. While cities don’t have control over how funding is handled, these programs have the potential to encourage private developers to build affordable housing. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

Along with the plans that the city has already put in place for natural disasters, we must reach out to the community. Houston is filled with people who will help their fellow citizens without hesitation. Incorporating various groups and volunteers into the natural disaster plan will allow storm victims to get the help they need faster. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

The city and the county must focus on the end goal. That is to make Houston and Harris County places people want to continue to live, work and thrive. City and county leaders must identify the most serious overlapping problems and begin to come up with solutions for each issue. That is the only way to begin solving our natural disaster problems.

Tarsha Jackson “I'm a proud product of Houston, having grown up in neighborhoods in District B. I’ve been fighting to advance the priorities of District B residents since the early 2000’s. I've built multi-racial alliances to secure bail reform, address immigrant rights, affordable housing and equitable recovery after Hurricanes Ike and Harvey. My advocacy work has been recognized locally and nationally.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

Yes. I am not opposed to development in the 100-year floodplain, especially given the need for more affordable housing, as long as the design is resilient and elevated. Almost 60% of flooding during Harvey occurred outside of any defined floodplain, so better floodplain mapping is key to anticipating and managing future flooding. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Developers helped get us into the mess of flooding we're experiencing every year. They need to help get us out by doing their fair share to create more detention. We need more density to be resilient for the future, but we have to build smarter. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Renters have so few protections when it floods. They need to know what the risks are so that they can protect themselves the best they can. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes, All our plans need to address climate change. We're flooding more because of warming oceans that lead to bigger rainstorms. We'll also start seeing an increase in population from climate refugees moving to Houston from other places that face extreme weather. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

We need innovative new models to preserve homes that are already affordable in neighborhoods that are gentrifying. I'm a supporter of the Houston Community Land Trust, which is helping create home ownership opportunities for people who wouldn't otherwise be able to buy a home. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

District B has a huge problem with drainage. We need Public Works to make street-level drainage improvements and combat illegal dumping. But cleaning ditches isn't enough. We need a much bigger effort to help people train and prepare for disasters of all kinds at the household level. And we have to take on land use in a big way if we really want to solve flooding in our region. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

The neighborhoods in District B were hit hard during Harvey and the 2015 and 2016 floods. They also are some of the most likely in the city to flood in a heavy rain. It is absolutely critical that we increase investment in street-level drainage, connected to the County's investments in bayou-level drainage.

Broderick F. Butler “Broderick F. Butler is a native of Northeast Houston and a proud product of District B. He attended North Forest ISD; he graduated from Forest Brook Sr. High School. He went on to the University of Texas at Austin to complete a BA in Liberal Arts degree in Government. He has spent the past two decades engaged in government as a capitol staffer, state agency legislative liaison and contract consultant.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

Yes. I do, but only after adding requirements that these projects would be the last 25% of projects and that development in other non-flood prone areas be considered first. I would add additional fees and restrictions to developments to build projects that are more flood resilient. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. I have stated that while the local government should do that, we must also solicit private developers to include flood mitigation projects in their commercial and residential developments going forward. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Full disclosure specifically regarding flood risk will not sway the majority of people, but with that knowledge a few can make a more informed decision. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. Climate change is a real issue related to weather in Houston. Stronger storms are more frequent leading to more flood damage. Southeast Texas must consider how the climate change affects future disaster projections. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

I would cease development in Houston’s 10 most flood prone areas. I would recommend development in areas that are less flood prone. I would offer some incentives for developers to build in less flood prone areas. I would also strongly request more public input on the new home elevation rules to be more realistic and practical regarding application. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

The City, County & State need to create a Catastrophic Flood plan with clear roles for each. There must be scenarios that lay out scenarios for citizens. Funding needs to be increased for rapid response and first responders to purchase the gear and receive training in water rescues. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

The city needs a comprehensive plan with the county accessing the scope of the problem with short-term & long-term solutions; short term quick fixes from 0-5 years & long-term fixes 5+ years. Without a comprehensive joint effort Houston & Harris County, both will continue to work at cross purposes and further endanger citizen's lives and property, by not viewing the issue as an "all hands of deck" problem.

Karen Kossie-Chernyshev “I am a native Houstonian, wife, mother, and tenured college professor. I was educated in North Forest Independent School District, and I earned BA, MA, and PhD degrees from Rice University. I am running for public office to help bring out the best in District B. I want to secure better city services, drainage, flood mitigation, roads, sidewalks, and promote sound-minded economic progress.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

Yes. I support new construction in the 100-year floodplain; however, such construction must take the possibility of flooding into account. New construction should be built at a higher elevation and include adequate drainage and detention ponds. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Given Houston’s ongoing problem with flooding, it is absolutely important to strengthen the minimum water detention requirements for development projects. Not to do so would be irresponsible. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. I would support landlords’ disclosing a property’s flood risk to potential renters. Landlords should want potential renters to make an informed decision about whether or not to rent. Having such information may also help them determine whether or not to purchase insurance. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. A comprehensive flood mitigation plan must address climate change, as research has proven that there is a direct correlation between global warming and increased flooding. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

To increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas, I would promote offering construction and purchasing incentives to developers and those who need affordable housing respectively. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

The city can improve its emergency response during natural disasters by preparing for them before they come. This includes identifying the risks associated with the particular disaster; reviewing insurance policies to see what they cover; having emergency response teams already on standby in critical areas already on to address needs as they arise; and having a written recovery plan in place. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

The city and county can do the following: (1) identify the areas related to flood mitigation that each addresses, (2) explore ways to expand, combine, or streamline services according to the desired goal or objective.

District C

Rodney Hill "40 years as a Houston Police Officer, 10 years as a SWAT officer, 25 years supervising Gang Task Force, FBI Terrorism Task Force & Mental Health Unit, HPD Lifetime Achievement Award." Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

Yes, if it complies with the new requirements for elevating structures above the floodplain estimated water levels, with the structure having a flood venting system as per city code. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Anything that curbs developers from building with reckless abandon and requires flooding issues to be at the forefront of any new project is a good thing. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. I don't believe that needs an explanation. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

I believe our weather patterns are changing. Not sure why. I believe that we are in a period of some warming of the oceans and our gulf is producing more storms that form late and settle on the Gulf Coast as tropical depressions, which sit over us and produce massive amounts of rain. Our mitigation plan needs to be big. We must find a way to move this water out of Houston to the Gulf of Mexico. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

I'm not sure we have any "outside flood prone areas". How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

It's not that easy. These disasters we are experiencing come with such uncertainty; even if you had a full fleet of emergency trucks and equipment there is a good possibility you couldn't even deploy them effectively or get people to them. I think the city has done as good a job as could be expected given the circumstances dealt them. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

We need to think big on this flooding situation. We need to get all our local state and federal partners together and hire hydrological engineers and work out a plan to build an aqueduct from the southeast of downtown from the ship channel to the Gulf of Mexico and get these floodwaters out of Houston. Most of our bayou/drainage funnels to the ship channel. Aqueduct it straight south to the Gulf.

Michelle Ganz Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. I think it is important that when we are building anywhere in the city that we build responsibly and find out how that building is going to affect the neighborhood it is being built in. I call it responsible building and it is part of my Multi Economic Neighborhoods Plan. With climate change bearing down on us, it is important that we proceed knowledgeably about ways to mitigate future flooding. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Water detention is part of responsible building. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. I support integrity in all forms of human interaction. This means I support ethical business practices. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. We need to first do the easy things like make sure our drains are clean and free of debris. I watch people blow leaves and all kinds of debris into the streets when doing yards, and that debris many times clogs up our drains. Also, we need to update and improve our drainage systems. We need innovative and responsible building so we are not pushing the floodwaters off with cement. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

My Multi Economic Neighborhoods Plan does just that. I plan on giving incentives to builders that are willing to build low and middle-income housing. I will give incentives to landlords willing to rent on a sliding scale for low and middle-income earners, so they do not pay more than 30% of their income. When the landlords apply for the incentives they will have to be renting legally or be fined. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

First, we need to update as much of our outdated equipment as we can and put the rest on an update and maintenance schedule. Next, we need to continue training our people. Also, we need to make sure our communication between all levels of emergency response is on point. Lastly, we should partner with citizen groups like the Cajun Navy. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

Communication is the key to working together with anyone. It is important to have constant and clear communication.

Gladys House “Native Houstonian. Educated in public schools and college. Staunch supporter of Freedman’s Town and neighborhood justice throughout Houston. Taxation without representation unacceptable.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. Developers run the mayor and council, and flooding is due to no controls on them. Trees, grass and earth removed for so-called concrete development. How much money/development is enough? Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. But not at the cost of Earth. Recycle existing buildings for once in Houston. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Homebuyers also. During housing construction, if there’s heavy rain, as soon as the rain stops, construction resumes. Mold is then sealed into that structure and the new homeowner is unaware of the deadly respiratory effects. Everyone must be made aware. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Address Houston, Harris County flooding first. Little can be done to alter climate. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

Restore existing housing stock, build only where raw land has been for years, and respect history/heritage there at that location. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

Train neighborhoods on prevention and safety drills three times prior to disaster seasons and for use for any and all natural disasters. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

First, include the neighborhoods’ input. Conduct public input sessions and produce a draft that will be later reviewed and approved by Houstonians.

Daphne Scarbrough “Life long Houstonian, independent business owner since 1982, community activist for architecture preservation, neighborhoods, transit, lower taxes, green space, organic gardening, replacing infrastructure, flooding remediation.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. I want to see the new flood maps and then we can accurately make decisions about where to build or not. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. There is detention, retention and underground drainage that should be going to the nearby creeks and bayous. Each area needs to be considered on an individual basis when it comes to dealing with the flow of water and which method works best. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

No. Depends on how the ordinance is written. There are apartments that are part of the City’s HUD projects that have flooded several times on the Northside, that would mean that the City would be required to disclose their own flooding. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes, stop pouring so much concrete, one of the largest producers of CO2 in our air. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

Refurbish some of our historical homes and buildings that would qualify. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

Having a checklist plan that involves the Public Works department checking drains, making certain that City vehicles are not left in underground parking and appointing City employees to check the City buildings adjacent to Buffalo Bayou downtown for locked flood gates. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

The City needs to provide the street drainage and the County needs to coordinate with them on getting the water flow to the bayous and creeks.

Kevin Walker “I have been a resident of Montrose for the past 25 years. I was in the Marine Corps, followed by Ohio State and then got an MBA at UC Berkeley. I currently own several small businesses. I am running for City Council District C because I am frustrated with the city of Houston’s incompetence and lack of transparency.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

Yes. New construction in the floodplain must conform to current code and be elevated at least 1′ above the base flood elevation and not bring any net fill into the floodplain. We need to update the flood maps to accurately portray the situation as it is in reality. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. We already have minimum detention requirements in the city of Houston, but the enforcement of these requirements needs to be strengthened. Large regional detention facilities would be more effective than a few tiny ponds when development occurs. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Absolutely. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. The storm size and recurrence and floodplain determination need to be continuously updated to reflect the higher frequency and larger storms that we are experiencing. We need to collect data to ensure the most accurate forecasts. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

I would promote the use of LIHTC (Low Income Housing Tax Credits) to encourage new affordable housing development. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

The city of Houston needs to develop an interactive communication system to work with and not against multiple facets of governmental (City & County emergency services & FEMA), non-governmental (Red Cross) and civilian organizations (Cajun Navy & HEB) to provide comprehensive emergency services to the most people in the timeliest manner possible to reduce redundancies. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

I would recommend creating a joint task force including engineers from both groups to create a comprehensive master plan for the greater Houston metropolitan area.

Bob Nowak “I am the City of Houston Webmaster, now in my 21st year. Before that, I was hired by the Chief of Staff of Mayor Lanier. For my entire career in public service, I have always worked with and among the highest levels of City government and their staffs. I have lived in the District C neighborhoods for the past 32 years.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

No What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

Supply and demand has pretty much pushed affordable housing away from the collection of destination neighborhoods of District C. Our increase in property values/ assessments/taxes and new construction in mid-rise luxury apartments and mid- to hi-rise condos bear that out. I do, though, favor minimum lot standards. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

As a Tier One Essential City Employee, I respectfully decline to answer. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

I will have a "One Stop Document Shop" on the District C website, which will monitor progress and spending of flooding projects that affect our neighborhoods, including City or County project manager contact information. Transparency is key to making sure our priority flood mitigation projects are being monitored and our tax dollars are being properly spent, from beginning to completion.

Greg Meyers “Currently I am CFO for Kickstart Kids. I have had the opportunity to start and run a successful small business and had the honor of serving on the Houston ISD Board of Education from 2004-2016. While board president in 2010, I led efforts to implement a zero-based budget to close about a $100 million deficit.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. Despite Houston's lack of zoning, new construction in the 100-year floodplain not only will create a potential disaster for the new owner, but could possibly create more flooding for nearby residents or business owners. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Several studies show that Houston is requiring an underestimation of detention needed for new developments. These studies continue to point out that the City needs to look at each project differently and take into account different terrains and soil as well when determining the amount of detention. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Everyone should be made aware of the potential risks of living in an area that has been subject to previous flooding. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. A number of local governments have explored opportunities for embedding climate change into their mitigation plans. While not yet required, these activities represent a policy innovation that can provide insight into how communities can meet existing FEMA requirements for pre-disaster mitigation planning while simultaneously considering how climate change could affect future hazards. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

We must work with state and federal lawmakers to make it easier to build more affordable housing. Houston is allocated to receive $1.15 billion in federal housing aid for low-income families. Houston also must use funds for the "unmet" housing needs of families whose lives and homes are still suffering from Harvey. In addition to this funding, the City can offer incentives to builders and occupants. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

A regional disaster master plan must be developed to coordinate entities to work together when a disaster happens. A big part of mitigating a potential disaster is educating the public on what is coming. Additionally, the City must take a preventive approach and clear storm sewers and secure contracts for debris removal before storms hit, not after. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

In many cases, at times in the same watersheds, flood mitigation efforts are a patchwork of varying regulations that contradict each other. Additionally, the County often lacks enforcement authority for non-compliance with these regulations. The City and County should develop a master flood plan and work with the State Legislature to ensure that regional flood mitigation can be implemented.

Sean P Marshall “I was born in Houston, attended HISD, earned undergraduate degrees at the University of Houston, and an MBA at Rice University. I am a VP at an Investment Bank where I advise clients on multi-billion-dollar Oil & Gas transactions. I am a director on a local arts organization board, a leader in my son's Cub Scout troop, and a student liaison for Rice University. My wife and I have two children.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. Storm drainage infrastructure and Bayous are already at their limits and additional development would only exacerbate the problem. I will advocate for the prevention of residential development projects, the increase of green space in flood-prone areas and the use of environmentally friendly techniques in new and rehab construction projects through building code modifications and tax credits. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. We should enhance our development standards in order to adapt to current and future flood exposure conditions. When increasing the population density of residential areas, we should require development to account for increased drainage not simply maintain prior capacity. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Residents should have complete transparency when it comes to any potential risk of property loss and exposure to dangerous conditions. Landlords should be required to disclose all known past flooding events and future risks (based on most current floodplain maps) in lease agreements. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes, they should address the risks associated with climate change. They should be based on updated floodplain maps as well as potential risks of rising sea levels. It should focus on protecting our bayous, preserving green spaces and reducing the city's carbon footprint. We cannot completely mitigate climate change, but we must minimize our contribution and prepare for its impacts. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

I will support ordinances that give tax credits and require developers of new housing projects to include a percentage of the dwelling units (10-15%) that can be sold or rented to households of low and moderate income. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

All citizens, businesses and public agencies need well thought out plans to deal with problems associated with floods. We have plans for hurricanes and fires. We need plans for flooding too. In the event of a flood stay off the road, close schools and businesses and go to shelters if your home is subject to flooding. The plans must be strictly adhered to and err on the side of caution. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

The city and county should retain, expand and permanently fund the Storm Water Action Team (SWAT) Program in order to increase storm drain deliverability. Their flood mitigation building code modifications must complement one another. Developers should not be able to relocate projects from one jurisdiction to another in order to avoid mitigation requirements and increase profitability.

Shelley Kennedy “I have a record of achievement as a community leader and advocate that yields results. Under the last two mayors, I have been appointed to City Commissions (KHB Commission & IPOB). I know one way to bring about change is by implementing effective policy. I am a policy wonk and budget geek. I've been fiercely advocating for Houstonians for decades and have been a driving force for positive change.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. Firstly, the new FEMA flood maps have not even been released. When you in-fill and add impervious surface in the 100-year floodplain, it adds more run-off and contributes to flooding downstream. We need to keep land in the 100-year floodplain as green space for use as water detention. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. I support increased water detention standards. Current detention requirements barely address historical rainfall, not projected increases. They also do not adequately account for construction in-fill, rather just acre-feet of impervious surface. We need to require developers to include water detention for storm water that allows for impervious surfaces, in-fill and anticipated rainfall. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. The city should make an ordinance requiring disclosure of a property's flood risk and flood history to potential renters. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. We need to take significant steps to address climate change like improving walkability, public transportation and expanding greenspace. We also need to incorporate the flooding realities climate change has brought to Houston into our near-term infrastructure planning. Storm barrier solutions like the Ike Dike and/or infrastructure projects like the Ship Channel expansion are needed. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

The first step is to change the conversation around it. People believe affordable housing brings crime to their neighborhood. However, affordable housing is about opportunity, not entitlement. People who need affordable housing are your aunt or grandmother, police and fire cadets, teachers, or single mothers with two children. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

We need the city and county working together in a cohesive emergency evacuation plan as well as shelters and housing for flood refugees. We must improve the warning systems to alert residents along our bayous and waterways when significant water releases will be made upstream. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

We must work directly with the county on projects and policies to improve drainage, expand watersheds and coordinate public works projects. The city cannot adequately address flooding control and mitigation on its own. Most of the systems and authority lies with the county. I propose a joint city-county, multi-departmental, multi-jurisdictional Flood Plan and Authority.

Abbie Kamin “I'm a civil rights attorney and neighborhood advocate. As Associate Regional Director at the Anti-Defamation League, I fought discrimination, hate and gun violence. In my neighborhood, I've helped increase police patrols and improve local drainage. On City Council, I'll fight for timely trash and recycling pickup, safe streets and sidewalks, and the highest standards of flood protection.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. I would not prevent people from rebuilding their own homes, but I do not support new construction in the 100-year floodplain. District C contains some of the hardest-hit areas from the last three major floods: Harvey, Tax Day and Memorial Day. Many also suffered from flooding in Imelda. With the impacts of climate change accelerating, we must change the way we develop land in our city. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. As we have seen repeatedly in recent years, the frequency and severity of storms is increasing rapidly. Houston, however, is flat – and without adequate detention to allow stormwater to drain in an orderly manner, people's homes will continue to flood. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. I have called for this requirement as part of my comprehensive flood protection plan at www.AbbieKamin.com/flooding. When a person purchases a house, we have procedures (required by lenders) for inspection and evaluation that could uncover previous flood damage to the buyer. No such requirements apply to renters. Renters should be made aware of a property's flood risk. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Absolutely. My comprehensive flood protection plan starts with a call to vote against elected leaders who deny climate change. As the energy capital of the world, Houston should be leading the way on climate change. For example, I have called publicly for METRO to power its fleet with renewable energy, and I have called on our local energy sector to lead in renewable energy as well. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

Most immediately, I support using a significant portion of federal funds for Harvey relief to expand our affordable housing stock. Over the long term, I'm encouraged to see progress by Houston's Community Land Trust, which sells homes at below-market rates to people who lease the land on which the houses are built. It helps build long-term, generational wealth without expensive, ongoing subsidies. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

I have hands-on experience with hurricane emergency response and recovery efforts from Hurricanes Katrina and Harvey. I want to acknowledge the phenomenal job of our city workers and first responders during Harvey. We are already applying lessons learned, by more rapidly pre-positioning resources in advance of storms like Imelda. We must continue to update our city's emergency response plan. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

While more work needs to be done, steps are being taken. For example, the city is advancing funds to the county flood control district to speed up the completion of Project Brays. Yet, we have been slow to recognize that flooding is a regional issue that requires a regional approach. I would support a formalized process for a unified plan between other levels of government.

Candelario Cervantez “I came to Houston from Wharton to attend college – eventually becoming one of the first in my family to earn a bachelor's degree followed by being the first to attain an MBA at the University of St. Thomas. I started my career here in the District by working at the Museum of Fine Arts, Memorial Hermann, Rice University and Teach For America as a National Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Executive.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. We need to ensure we are protecting our community members and putting them above everything else. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. We have done some work in this space already but given the current climate we need to do more to protect our communities and have more investment from our developers. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. This is an equity and transparency issue. We need to ensure all community members have this information to help better protect them and make sure they can make informed decisions. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. We must continue to have these conversations and lead the way for the country on how we can do this. First thing we need to do is start leveraging the Climate Action Plan and work closely with all the partners involved. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

We need to work more closely with our apartment owners and other developers. It will also require us working with the Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) program to see how we can work to get these benefits applied to some of our existing units. We also need to message who will benefit: our seniors, teachers, school employees, city employees, young professionals and those in the greatest need. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

We need to continue doing what we have started to do after Harvey: invest in equipment and trainings for our public servants. We also need to make sure our community members have access to the resources before, during and after an event such as enrollment in the STEAR program for our most vulnerable and ensure people have access to Ready Harris resources. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

We need to continue and increase what we are currently doing. We need to have constant communication work more closely together on CIPs and other projects that will impact the city and the rest of the county. We have a lot of opportunity to maximize our budgets and to make greater impact if we keep building and working with each other. It’s our role to inform teams on the needs of the community.

Amanda Wolfe “I’m a lifelong activist, particularly in Houston — as a historic preservationist, LGBTQ advocate, pro-transit campaign manager, co-founder of the Women of Montrose Action Network, equal-rights/immigration-rights activist, and much more — I’ll respect the available space here, or I could go on for a while.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. Absolutely not. This is and should be our primary issue to tackle, and our past Wild-West attitude toward development is wrecking our city. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Unchecked development is one of my biggest causes. (See below) Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Renters are a major part of our city’s workforce and economy, and deserve to know what they’re getting. Landlords — and realtors and developers — must be required to let residents know what they’re getting into. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Absolutely. First, I believe that new developers should be subject to an Infrastructure Fee to address and remediate the issues that come with building multiple and multi-level new residences on single-family lots, particularly in older neighborhoods. Second, Houston and the Gulf Region have been the source of too many disasters involving pollutants, and I’d hold corporations accountable. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

I speak out in favor of giving monetary incentives/tax breaks to landlords and other property owners to provide affordable housing to all residents, particularly if those housing units are easily accessible to public transit. Every Houstonian deserves a home. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

We need to first address the people and neighborhoods we’ve failed during natural disasters (particularly during evacuations), and ensure that we never fail them again. The city absolutely must work with and communicate with underserved communities first, particularly with residents that may have financial limitations, mobility issues, or any other barriers to their safety. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

Communication. It all comes down to communication. I’d assemble a commission of unbiased experts, including everyone from civil engineers to neighborhood-group leaders, to conduct studies and maintain that communication. I will also communicate with them on a regular basis, particularly in areas like Meyerland and other neighborhoods that have suffered terribly during floods, and work together.

Mary Jane Smith “I am Mary Jane Smith, a native Houstonian. I am a wife, a mother and a grandmother. I am a graduate of Maryville University in St. Louis, Missouri. My husband and I raised our four children in District C where I started and ran a successful political consulting business for over two decades and retired two years ago. I had the time to look at the city I dearly love and did not like what I saw, and so I decided to run for City Council.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

Yes. I support construction in the 100-year floodplain, providing developers/builders adhere to all legal requirements. Houston response to Harvey – re-tooling Ordinance 19 – was hastily conceived and implemented. Once the HCFCD and various entities charged with the re-implementation of new flood maps are completed, we will, hopefully, have a better idea of the flood potential in the greater Houston region. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. With three major floods in five years, we are obviously experiencing changing weather patterns. Given the growth and urban development in our region, resulting in less green space/more concrete, it is obvious the city and county need more water detention facilities in areas where flooding consistently occurs. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. It's the fair thing to do. Potential buyers should always know what they are buying. This is basically The Texas Lemon Law, applied to land/home owners. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. Changing Weather patterns need to be considered as well as historical data on area flooding. Our aging infrastructure needs replacement. Political decisions should not be the criteria for solving flooding problems. Changing weather patterns, sound engineering and historical data should be the bedrock for solving our flooding issues. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

Houston needs more transparency in our city financing so we can all see what is currently spent and what is available on affordable housing, as well as on all city funded projects. Once that is established, our city leaders need to forge more public/private ventures in affordable housing. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

Better communication between all involved. First responders need the best technical equipment available to protect citizens. Public safety is our highest priority. In Harvey, city leaders mistakenly told firefighters to go home. They were needed for rescues and medical assistance. Our Police Department is 1,500 officers below where we were 15 years ago. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

Better communication between county/city/state. By working together on infrastructure improvements, taxpayers save up to 20%. This joint effort has successfully been done in several areas of the city. By doing this, only one set of permits is needed, one set of engineering drawings are needed, etc. This is why both County Commissioner Jack Cagle and Steve Radack have endorsed me. They know I will work with them to cut costs and better serve our constituents.

District D

Andrew C. Burks, Jr. Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

Yes. In the 100-year flood plain, New Construction sites must be built with larger drainage pipes. In the 100-year floodplain, all new construction requires elevated foundations. This will cause water to drain down to existing properties. This flow of water must be redirected away from the existing neighboring sites. Large Drainage Pipes must replace all existing water lines in the streets. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. New Construction always causes flooding problems. Deeper Retention Ponds are important in keeping water out of existing communities. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. If you are moving to any community, you should know if the area floods. This information should be a requirement. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Dry or Hot climates historically cause materials to expand and colder climates cause materials to contract. Standing flood water has the same effect to materials used in retaining water during these temperature changes. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

As your City Councilmember District “D”, I would not allow the development or additional building of affordable housing just anywhere. I also would place stronger and greater liabilities on the builders and owners of these Affordable Housing Facilities. New Affordable Housing would not be permitted in flood prone areas. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

1. Prevent flooding on our streets. 2. Design and designate Emergency routes for all Emergency responders in times of natural disasters. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

I would work hard to have more Intra-Local Agreements between Harris, Galveston, Fort Bend, Brazoria, Montgomery County and the City of Houston. This saves money and better utilizes resources.

Ken Moore “Ken obtained his Bachelors of Science in Political Science from Kennesaw State University, Doctorate of Jurisprudence from Texas Southern University's Thurgood Marshall School of Law and Master of Laws in Health Law from the University of Houston Law Center. Ken feels the District needs a leader who will place an emphasis on constituent services with a comprehensive plan to get things done!” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

Yes. Our city is growing and needs development, but we just have to be careful and strategic in how we develop and include green space and trees around our development projects to ensure proper drainage and that the water has somewhere to go. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Everyone should know what they’re getting when renting property. The most important tool in keeping people safe is ensuring that they are well informed to make the best decision for him/herself and their family. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. Although a federal issue, we can help at the local level by reducing our carbon foot print and supporting initiatives like "Metro Next." Metro Next will help traffic congestion, which in turn will reduce the pollution in our city. Also, we need to ensure every dollar of Build Houston Forward and the drainage fee goes to what its intended for. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

I would work on decreasing home owner insurance rates for people outside of flood-prone areas and provide some sort of tax incentive for affordable housing development outside of flood-prone areas. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

First, with our current level of ineptitude of dealing with the flooding issue, we must always error on the side of caution when closing roads/schools/businesses in favor of people’s safety. During Imelda, we waited too late to do so and tons of people were stranded or wondering if their children were okay. Also, the city and county must work closely together for the betterment of its citizens. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

They must work together and come up with better risk communication and evacuation plans for all of the constituents in Houston. Communication is key when developing better hazard forecasting, early warning systems and emergency plans to save lives. It takes communication and cooperation. Also, working together on a regional plan with other cites and counties close by that have similar issues.

Travis McGee “I’m a lifetime resident of district D as well as a 15-plus year productive community leader/ProActivist. As a Civic President, home owner, property owner, and business owner all in the same district I have a vested interest and a special kind of love for my community. I’ve spearheaded various projects such as sidewalks, drainage projects, speed humps, street lights and street reconstruction.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. You can and shouldn’t build anything on bad infrastructure. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. All new projects must have a drainage plan. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. It should be mandatory and law that the landlord disclose any defects or problem the property has or had at one point. It should be very similar to Carfax and documented with the city. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes, long term, but preparation is key now because we can flood tomorrow without a storm or hurricane in the forecast. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

I would revisit the old HUD model in which it was based on income and on livable property, in which the government actual assisted residents financially in fixing the house. I will also advocate for more single family housing by giving the same tax abatements and incentives to build single family housing that should start at 75k vs 150k or 200k in areas below the poverty level. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

The city can improve it by simply preparing for it 365/24/7 before, after and during hurricane season. It has to be a partnership with the county to expedite the drainage projects as well as the response. Drainage fees and disaster funds must be used specifically for issues related to those things only nothing else. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

The city and county must work together 365/24/7 before, after and during storms/hurricanes. They must combine man power and resources year-round to properly prepare for historical floods we have became known for yearly. The illegal dumping epidemic has to be picked up regularly also to prevent it from getting into our infrastructure and drainage system regardless, whether city or county.

Dontrell L. Montgomery “I’m a 37 year old process improvement enthusiast. I have lived in District D for 35 years. I attended B.H. Grimes, Foster Elementary, Cullen Middle School, Ross Shaw Sterling and Texas Southern University. I’ve been working in transportation for the last 14 + years. In that time I’ve earned a Specialization in Project Management & Principles and certificates in leadership, management and more.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. Roads, parking lots, sidewalks and other pavements combine to create impervious surfaces that resist the natural absorption of water. The natural systems of grasslands and parks are very good at accepting rainfall. But when water hits pavement, it creates runoff immediately. That water has to go somewhere. So it flows wherever the grade takes it, People’s Homes! Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Growth in Houston will continue and only lead to more runoff from the pavement of development projects. We are limited on the amount of open grassland to absorb large amounts of rain and therefore I would support strengthening detention water requirements. I would also support exploring storm water management techniques as an alternative to strengthening detention requirements. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. I am a big supporter of renters’ rights and would fully support any measure requiring landlords to disclose flood risk to potential renters. Dwellings should be a protected aspect of our lives, and full transparency about potential natural disaster risk should be at the heart of that protection. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. When designing ways to control the flow of flood water, the idea of climate change can be used as a focal point in ensuring that designs are in-line with potential effects of climate change. Please understand, we CANNOT out-design weather; so even our best forward vision may be inadequate. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

I would look to areas that are already developed (meaning, there is already a considerable amount of pavement, brick or concrete). It could be an old abandoned commercial building or multi-family complex. If the commercial buildings can be re-purposed, we will create affordable living spaces within them. Deconstruction before demolition would be important. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

When we were kids, we participated in something called a fire drill at school. This drill was to prepare us in the event that there was a fire. The city needs to begin the process of natural disaster drills. If we start drilling now, in five years the process will be “OK”. In 10 years, the process will be “better”. In 15 years, the City can have one of the most proficient natural disaster drills anywhere. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

We should look into getting the Harris County Flood control District and the Greater Houston Flood Mitigation Consortium to operate as one group.

Rashad Cave “I am a change agent and influencer with over 13 years of business and people management experience. I am a City Council Liaison for the City of Houston's Department of Neighborhoods, and own a small business in District D which employs District D residents. I am a lifelong resident of District D and grew up serving the community. I wish to continue this work in a higher capacity as Councilmember.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

Yes. As long as it is safe as determined by professionals and experts in the areas of construction and flood mitigation, I would likely support this construction. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. In order to prevent loss of life and property, we must strengthen flood mitigation regulations. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Many renters are transients who are less familiar with the area that they are moving into. This vulnerability makes renters especially deserving of a fair warning about any flood risks before renting. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. Natural flora has a terrific ability to mitigate floods, but is too often razed to make way for new development. Increasing green spaces, planting trees and protecting sensitive lands will mitigate both flooding and climate change. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

I would work to provide incentives to developers that include affordable housing in their developments. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

The City can provide better training and equipment to its first responders. This will require cooperation between the city, county and state to make sure funding for this additional training is available. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

The city and county can share the burden of simple, but important tasks, such as proactively clearing drains and purchasing appropriate response equipment. As often as high water comes, these simple steps should be taken immediately.

Carolyn Evans-Shabazz “I am a native Houstonian raised in District D. I am a graduate of Jack Yates High School. I graduated with a B.A. from Spelman College in Atlanta, Georgia and I have a Masters and a Doctorate from Texas Southern University. I am currently the Chair of the Board of the Houston Community College.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. We should not support new construction in the 100-year floodplain until we make the city more resilient and make sure that we have proper drainage and therefore should not subject families to the devastation and the cost of millions of dollars to rebuild. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Strengthening the minimum water detention requirements would allow sufficient capacity to discharge the allowable release rate from the development and any storm water flowing through the property. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Landlords should have the responsibility to disclose the flood risks to potential renters. Renters should be given the information so that they can make an informed decision regarding living in a property at risk of flooding. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Climate change alters characteristics of the atmosphere that affect weather patterns and storms and thus needs to be addressed in a comprehensive flood mitigation plan. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

Affordable housing is an abstract concept and the city needs to develop an affordable housing plan for the city. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

The city needs to clearly define an emergency plan and advise the citizens before it is needed. Resources must be identified and coordinated plans must be developed to improve emergency response to natural disasters. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

Flooding is a regional problem. Therefore, coordination between the city and county must be addressed to provide a unified flood mitigation plan.

Nissi Hamilton “I am an unapologetically African-American woman, who is 31 years old, married with 7 children. I have 3 degrees: one BS, two MBA's and a doctoral learner. I am a national comedian and motivational speaker against violence. I am a survivor of human trafficking and homelessness. My mother was murdered and I have never met my father. I am an a orphan, a mother, and a veteran of the US Navy.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. These new constructions will flood within the 30-year life of the mortgage. There is no such thing as a 100-year floodplain. This is a gimmick for insurance companies to let homeowners know how they rate how much you should pay for insurance. Most of these new constructions are happening in District D. They cost 5 times the amount of an average house in my district. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. You know what, there was a time where we actually cared about if our neighbors’ house flooded or not; or how much water was running off of your neighbors’ property into your own. The storms are going to become more severe and they are not cheap storms. If the water can't permeate because of the ground’ then the new construction needs to pay two years of flood insurance for the homeowner or business. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Don't doctors tell patients when they have cancer and don't they tell them what prescriptions to take? Don't insurance companies tell consumers about the advantage and disadvantages of having certain liabilities that will affect their premiums? I don't understand why they would be exempt from disclosing. They don't get to limit the amount the house is discounted because it flooded out. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

I don't know how a flood mitigation plan would address climate change, but the climate change is addressing our need to have a plan for future flooding. We need a water-waste solution to protect us and our children! We have been out of compliance since 2005 and it doesn't seem like anyone at the municipal level cares about it, but they don't mind us paying a high water bill at the municipal level. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

It depends on what affordable is to the community outside of the flood prone areas. It seems that since my district is being lot-spliced and prostituted for its abundance of land, then, outside of it, we should have more foot traffic for tourism, more advanced advertising for the museums that are next to TSU and a hotel for visitors of the three major universities, especially during football season. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

By having more emergency response teams that work with other emergency response departments in Houston. I am a member of Team Rubicon and I respond to natural disasters with aiding personnel with food. I know how FEMA works and I have taken several FEMA classes. I think that all public servants should be trained on how to navigate thousands of people during a natural disaster. I know how to. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

Since Lina Hidalgo, we are closer, but there are still some kinks. When the city got sued for not being in compliance, how come the county didn't? Did they have a plan? Were their residents better off than ours? Do they ever not cap out of their budget? This question makes me think what are we doing wrong that the county isn't doing because unity should have been established before my election.

Carla Brailey “Dr. Carla Brailey is a native Houstonian, mother, Professor of Sociology at Texas Southern University, and the Vice Chair of the Texas Democratic Party. She served on Mayor Sylvester Turner’s transition team and led as the Executive Director for former Mayor Adrian Fenty's Office of Community Affairs for constituent services. She is a graduate of Texas State University and Howard University.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. Until the city is able to adequately provide equity in building opportunities in the floodplain, I do not believe that homeowners should build in the area. The cost of construction regulations disproportionately excludes residents that are not in the financial position to build in the area. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. As developers continued to build within the city limits and we have less and less green space, the City should enforce requirements on developers to mitigate potential damage caused by flooding, such as requiring detention basins for development projects to protect communities downstream and in surrounding neighborhoods. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. My first concern as a member of the City Council is constituents. I believe in full disclosure and transparency. The list of flooding events will continue to grow until we develop and adopt a more robust plan — until that time, we must protect the tenants that will be displaced due to these type of storms. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes, the first step in this process is to address climate change as real and align a plan with researchers’ conclusions that suggest storms are likely to get stronger, last longer, and cause more damage. I would like to start a task-force focused on investigating the impact of climate change on the city of Houston over the last fifteen years. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

As a city, we must recognize that the cost of living in affordable housing in the city is rising, and we must work together to create initiatives that will address economic disparities. The City should initiate other solutions regarding affordable housing. For example, old or abandoned buildings can be redesigned to become residences (example: Rice Hotel). How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

We must first locate areas of the city that are prone to flooding and take a multi-lateral approach to ensuring that residents are (a) educated; (b) aware; (c) prepared. One way to mitigate flooding is to create new green spaces. We need to make sure residents are aware of programs in the city such as "Adopt-a-Drain," Build Houston Forward, and Alert Houston. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

The City and the County should work collaboratively on overlapping projects such as roads, streets, parks, and drainage that affects residents.

District E

Dave Martin (Incumbent) “Born in New Orleans, Louisiana and a graduate of Louisiana State University, Dave serves as a Managing Director of Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. Dave and his wife Julie have been married for 36 years. They live in Kingwood with their three children, David, Michael and Jennifer. They are active parishioners at St. Martha's Catholic Church.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. I don’t support building in the 100-year floodplain because we are seeing flood events with more frequency. We can’t continue to build in areas that we know will flood, we need to be smart about development and get out of the 100-year floodplain. We need more Exploration Green type projects in the City that are functional parks serving the needs of the community while helping to reduce flooding. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. I do support strengthening minimum water detention requirements because we need our developers to be a part of the solution. Developers must be held accountable for their runoff and impact that their lack of detention plays in flooding neighboring areas. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Everyone should be aware of any potential risks where they live. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

I believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to be developed whether you believe in climate change or not. More regional studies are needed to look at relationships between watersheds. We need to see all cities and counties crack down on developers and their detention/retention policies. We cannot keep sending water downstream with disregard for its effects on others. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

I don't think affordable housing or any housing for that matter should be built in flood-prone areas. We need to help residents make informed decisions about where to live while reducing their risk of flooding. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

I think HFD and HPD do a fantastic job with the equipment they are given. I would like to see each Council District have their own fleet of emergency response vehicles or at least a partnership with other agencies to spread out equipment evenly. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

A regional flood management plan is necessary, no one wants to be the reason why another area is flooded. Natural disasters don't care what county you're in, they devastate us all equally and we need to work better together on prevention and planning for resiliency.

Sam Cleveland “I am a Houston Police Officer with a decade of experience. I hold a Master Peace Officer certification and a have Masters Degree in Criminal Justice Leadership and Management from Sam Houston State University. My background in public safety affords me a unique perspective on council, with the ability to push for effective change moving forward.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. New construction in the 100-year floodplain is a terrible idea. The only groups that will benefit from developing in a floodplain are developers. We need to focus on mitigating the risks to people who already live in the 100-year floodplain before we add additional developments. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. I have seen firsthand the impacts of uncontrolled development and a developer's failure to prioritize detention projects. Any new development should have a positive impact on flooding in order for it constructed. Detention systems should be required to accommodate all runoff that results from the development as well as have additional capacity to support adjoining areas. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. There are a number of mandatory disclosures for home sellers to make when selling a home. The disclosures include the flood history of the property, if it is located in a floodplain and a few other conditions defined by state law under SB339. If there is a requirement for a seller to disclose the potential flood risks to a buyer, why is it any different in a rental situation? Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

No. We need to develop a comprehensive flood mitigation that is within our scope of control. In order to effectively address climate change, we would need direct and responsive support from the state and federal government. That is not going to happen any time soon. Therefore, let’s focus on what we can control and develop our plans accordingly. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

I think before we look into increasing the affordable housing stock outside flood-prone areas, we need to address newly created flood-prone areas that are impacting existing affordable housing. Unfortunately, new development is significantly impacting our existing neighborhoods. This has lead to catastrophic flooding in neighborhoods that were previously unaffected by floods. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

My experience is that each department’s response plan is independent of other departments. I would develop and implement a combined response plan, where public works, HFD and HPD are all responsible for certain activities within the response plan. This would ensure effective communication and functional interoperability of our response efforts. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

Harris County and Houston both have a mutual interest in reducing the risks of flooding. We need to focus on the jurisdictional issues that are limiting progress, and place responsibility for project completion on one entity. This lack of progress just cost the city and county control of $4 billion dollars.

District F

Jesus Zamora Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. The reason I do not support the construction is because it would hinder the development of businesses and homes within flood prone areas. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. We see a prime example of what happened during Hurricane Harvey and the dams that had to be released due to the flooding that was unable to be contained. I will support stricter requirements for improving our water requirements. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. It is essential for landlords to ALWAYS disclose property that is located in a flood prone area to have all tenants prepared on flood emergencies. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes, I do believe Houston needs to take a more aggressive stance on climate change. Ensuring that we have a comprehensive plan in place with Emergency Flood Control departments to understand what we can do to prevent disaster flooding. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

We need a lot of work when it comes to housing stock. We see what happened during Harvey when a lot of small and large investor companies took advantage of the flooding and flipped a lot of those flood prone properties. We need to spread everything on an equal field to ensure all of our homes are on the same stock. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

My District was very fortunate to avoid a major flood when it came to Harvey. When I am elected, I will propose having emergency shelters in place and prepared for the alert of a natural disaster. I believe the City has lacked when it comes to readiness and being properly prepared. As City Council Member I will work with local Law Enforcement to have a safe rescue plan in place. Communication! How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

Working with the County Commissioners and making sure that Houston and Harris County are properly prepared for any possible evacuations, and rescuing our residents in time and moving them to Shelters before any storm or natural disaster hits, and being transparent with our communities ahead of time.

John Nguyen “I'm not a lawyer or a doctor; I'm not even a politician. I completed school in this district and would like to represent this district the right way.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes and no. We need a comprehensive plan considering natural climate change as secondary to how we are artificially causing climate change. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

Yes. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

Better provide needed equipment to first responders. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

Create a new one with input from those previously impacted.

Tiffany D. Thomas “Tiffany is an assistant professor where she teaches in the community development graduate program. She was formerly elected to the Alief ISD school board where she attended public schools.” Do you support new construction in the 100-year floodplain?

No. I have not come to a full conclusion on this topic – willing to learn more. Would you support strengthening the minimum water detention requirements for development projects?

Yes. Would you support requiring landlords to disclose a property's flood risk to potential renters?

Yes. Do you believe a comprehensive flood mitigation plan needs to address climate change? If yes, how?

Yes. We must take into account the level and types of storms we are experiencing and plan for all possibilities. What would you do to increase the affordable housing stock outside of flood-prone areas?

In collaboration with the city, county, private and philanthropic leaders create a comprehensive affordable housing plan for both the City of Houston and Harris County that includes a housing needs assessment and implementing a more streamlined system of inspection and permitting that prioritizes the rehabilitation of multi-family units. How can the city improve its emergency response during natural disasters?

A joint city-county flood alert and warning system can be implemented cost-effectively and a good place to start. How can the city and county work more closely to provide a unified flood mitigation plan?

Coordinating community-planning initiatives in each watershed would improve flood mitigation efforts, disclosing flood risks as a required part of any real estate transaction (sale or rent) would help to ensure that owners and renters fully understand their flooding risk.

Van Huynh “Graduated BBA in 1998 at University of Houston Downtown with Finance and Economic degrees. Work at City Council District F office as Chief of Staff from 2016. Married to Julie Huynh, a Pharmacist at HEB. Proud fath