Rembrandt was Kanye before Kanye was Kanye...except poor.

Rembrandt van Rijn was a Dutch Golden Age painter born in 1606 in Leiden. He attended Latin school and started studying at the University of Leiden at age 14. However, he dropped out and was soon apprenticed to Peter Lastman in Amsterdam and then moved back to Leiden for an apprenticeship to Jacob van Swanenburgh to study history painting. In 1624, he opened his own workshop with his co-pupil to Lastman, Jan Lievens. At age 19, he painted the Stoning of Saint Stephen, his first religious painting and equivalent to Kanye’s debut album, College Dropout, claiming his status as painter of the esteemed history genre.

Although Rembrandt never went on the Italian tour that was basically the initiation into the fraternity that is the 17th-century art cognoscenti, his work was heavily influenced by Caravaggio, employing dramatic lighting and dynamism. Religion played a large role in Rembrandt’s life, as he grew up in a period of great religious upheaval due to the Protestant Reformation, and as a Baroque artist, many of his works were dramatic depictions of religious subjects.

In 1631, he moved back to Amsterdam to start an academy that specialized in portrait commissions with art dealer Hendrick van Uylenburgh. Uylenburgh and him were not just business partners in their Amsterdam art studio start-up, but roommates as well. Rembrandt moved in with Uylenburgh upon his arrival in Amsterdam, and married Uylenburgh’s cousin and subject of many of his works, Saskia. In 1639, he was happily married (even though his first three children – Rumbartus, Cornelia, and Cornelia – died within months of being born), he was at the height of his career, and he had just bought an expensive house in the fashionable side of town, albeit mostly through borrowed money. He had also developed a mild shopping addiction, compulsively buying art and collecting antiques, props, and weapons to be used in his paintings. To compensate for his prodigal spending habits, he often artificially inflated the prices of his paintings by bidding them up himself.

In 1641, Titus was born, Rembrandt’s only child that would live to adulthood. Shortly after, Saskia fell ill. Rembrandt hired a widowed wetnurse to take care of his infant child, Geertge Dircx, who later became his lover. Saskia created a will that left her fortune to Titus and Rembrandt, but only if he did not remarry. She died shortly after in 1642. Rembrandt and Geertge continued their relationship, Rembrandt even gifting her with a few of Saskia’s rings, but continued to live together unmarried. However, he soon fell in love with another servant, the much younger Hendrickje Stoffels. This did not go down well with Geertge, who took him to court on the grounds that he had a “breach of promise” (basically that he promised to marry her), and he countersued because she had pawned some of Saskia’s jewelry.

Hendrickje and him lived happily ever after out of wedlock due to the conditions of Saskia’s will that left Rembrandt too poor to afford to consider remarriage. When their daughter, named (what else) Cornelia, was born in 1654, Hendrickje was labeled as a whore and banned from receiving communion due to her relationship with Rembrandt. And even when Titus turned 14, the age that made him eligible to control his own will, and Rembrandt got Titus to install himself as the sole heir to Saskia’s fortune creating a loophole that would allow him to remarry; he still didn’t marry Hendrickje.

Amsterdam was hit with a depression in the 1650s, and in 1656, Rembrandt filed for bankruptcy. More specifically he filed for cession borum which allowed him to avoid imprisonment, but meant that all his possessions, including his house and collection of paintings, were sold for a pittance.

Rembrandt had money problems until his death, living with Hendrickje and Titus in a rented property. They opened up an art shop that sold his paintings and Titus became his employer, at least by law, to protect him from his money lenders. Even during this time of economic hardship, Rembrandt still found a way to fuel his shopping addiction including but not limited to selling Saskia’s tomb and bidding for paintings (especially if they were by German painter, Hans Holbein).