In many ways, the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee’s efforts are simply reflective of a broader shift in electoral politics toward a more data-reliant and empirical approach: The effectiveness of television ads — which experts agree reach a point of oversaturation near the end of campaigns — is difficult to measure, while improved data-modeling and analytic techniques allow campaigns to more closely target their ideal voters.

Matt Lira, the deputy executive director at the National Republican Senatorial Committee, said that on the Republican side there was a “holistic obsession” to use existing data and technology to not simply “reverse engineer” the most recent Obama campaign. “If all we achieve is catching up to Obama 2012, we’ll be two years behind, so we want to focus on what does the technology enable us to do in 2014,” he said.

Both voter registration and mobilization efforts are at the center of the Democrats’ new strategy. In Georgia, for example, the committee estimates that there are 572,000 unregistered African-American voters, and that there are more than 600,000 likely supporters of Michelle Nunn, the Democratic Senate candidate there, who voted in 2012 but not in 2010. The goal, then, is to register the African-American voters, and to target the likely Nunn voters to show up at the polls during a midterm election.

But black voters who did not register to vote in 2008 or 2012, amid all of the excitement surrounding the nation’s first black president, could pose a challenge to register in 2014.

The Bannock Street project is specifically focused on 10 states — Alaska, Arkansas, Georgia, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, North Carolina, Michigan, Montana and West Virginia — with plans for senior field operatives and other staff members to be in place by the end of the month.

Each state team will be required to come up with a “strategic plan,” complete with a budget and data-mapping program. Paul Dunn — the newly hired national field director at the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee, who also ran the 2010 Bennet field effort — will travel around the country, subjecting the teams to rigorous questioning and review and making sure they are in constant communication with the Democratic committee.

The committee is also joining with Civis Analytics, a data firm founded by Dan Wagner, who served as the chief analytics officer on Mr. Obama’s 2012 campaign. Because Civis is privately backed, including by Google’s Eric Schmidt, the partnership will provide Senate Democrats with additional troves of data to use to target voters. The committee knows, for instance, that in Iowa people with German and Scandinavian surnames are likely to vote slightly differently than those with English and Irish surnames. “Your program will live and die by the strength of the data available to you on the voter file,” read a memo provided to the field teams.

The project will also require the state teams to update their voter files constantly so they can use their resources as efficiently as possible. “We will be able to go into the 58th Precinct of the Fifth Ward of Little Rock and see if they’ve gotten a door knock, phone call or piece of mail, and know what TV they’re watching,” Mr. Cecil said.