For Griller Clark and colleagues (2011), participants receiving the treatment were statistically significantly less likely (p = .04) to recidivate than their peers one month after release.

Without successful social reintegration and adjustment, the formerly incarcerated will recidivate . Hardcastle, Bartholomew and Graffam suggested that the most significant aspect of the reintegration process is the ability to rely on community support.

When children are exposed to adult sanctions, research shows they recidivate in higher numbers and show greater criminality.

And from a public safety perspective, we know that people who participate in these programs are 43 percent less likely to recidivate ."

"We know that people who keep in touch with their loved ones recidivate less.

(2) Likewise, with adult prisoners, maintaining relationships with antisocial peers can affect whether they will desist or recidivate after their release from prison.

In recent years, our approach has changed and there has been a bigger push not to bring as many youths into the juvenile justice system especially if the youth is of low or medium risk to recidivate . The use of restorative justice has been implemented in a number of low-level offenses in the juvenile branch such as vandalism, petty theft and simple battery.

Knowing which categories of offenders recidivate least often can suggest sentencing reductions that are plausible and realistic.

Reducing penalties likely will increase crime directly as potential criminals fear punishment less and those who have chosen to commit criminal acts spend less time in prison, allowing them to recidivate . It would also increase crime indirectly because it would become more difficult for prosecutors to do their job because they would no longer have as much leverage to secure pleas, and thus they would have to spread their resources more thinly across cases.

The USSC notes that "career offenders who have committed a violent instant offense or a violent prior offense generally have a more serious and extensive criminal history, recidivate at a higher rate than drug trafficking only career offenders, and are more likely to commit another violent offense in the future."

On the other hand, children who go through community-based interventions or diversion programs are less likely to recidivate than children who are incarcerated,' the group added.