By Sarah Lazare / AlterNet

Amid soaring inequality and stagnant wages, consumers in the United States collectively accumulated a stunning $34.4 billion in credit card debt during the second quarter of 2016 alone, according to a new report from the personal finance website WalletHub.

This high number represents the greatest second-quarter accumulation since at least 1986, when such data was first recorded, and positions U.S. consumers to surpass “$1 trillion in outstanding balances for the first time by the end of 2016,” the report states.

WalletHub predicts that by the end of 2016, this trajectory will “push the average amount owed by indebted households to a perilous $8,500.”

Contrary to the popular belief that individual irresponsibility drives debt accumulation, research shows that structural inequalities play a key role.

In a 2014 study, Demos senior policy analyst Amy Traub found that there is “little evidence that households with credit card debt are less responsible in their spending habits than households that do not have accumulated debt.”

“Instead, we see that, among similarly situated low- and middle-income households of working age, factors like education, value of assets to fall back on, insurance coverage and whether a household member has lost a job are among the foremost predictors of whether a household will accumulate credit card debt,” Traub continued, referencing data from a national survey of 1,997 households.

For example, households where at least one member has lived without health insurance coverage during some period over the past three years are 20 percent more likely to face credit card debt than their counterparts where members have been insured consistently, the study finds. In addition, survey respondents who possess college degrees are 22 percent less likely to have credit card debt than those with only high school diplomas.

Meanwhile, alarmingly high levels of debt accumulation are not new. In the midst of the great recession, the economist and scholar Richard Wolff argued stagnant wages are driving high levels of credit card debt.

“First, credit card companies took advantage of stagnant wages to push credit cards way beyond what working families could sustain,” Wolff said in 2009. “Today, credit card companies are cutting back consumer credit and raising fees to save themselves from financial ruin. The economic crisis whose recovery requires more spending on goods and services (that provide jobs) is thus worsened by credit card companies whose actions reduce spending. Meanwhile, real wages are not rising to once again relieve workers of the need to borrow. So unemployment worsens, foreclosures grow, and the underlying causes of the economic crisis go unattended.”