Wilkerson.



The writers original wanted to keep the family's surname a mystery but it was already revealed on the show. The last name of the family has been revealed only twice in the show, in Pilot (2000), where Francis wears the name tag "Wilkerson" on his school uniform (it can be seen best in the scene where he is talking with his family on the phone). Also, though unaired, it appears in a joke from the original pilot script. In that script, was walking to school when a neighborhood kid came running up shouting, "Malcolm, Malcolm, Malcolm. I was talking to my parents last night - I was listening to them talk, and what's your last name?" "Wilkerson, why?" Malcolm replied. "Oh. Who are the Pariahs?" said the other kid. The joke was eventually cut.



A special feature on the season 1 DVD stated also that their surname was Wilkerson.



A trailer on the UK channel Sky One in early 2006 advised viewers to spend time with The Simpsons (1989) and "The Wilkersons," advertising Sunday night new episodes of both series. Another trailer was released to advertise the last episodes, of 24 (2001) and Malcolm in the Middle: it claimed "Say Goodbye to the Wilkersons."



In Graduation (2006), when Malcolm is being introduced for his graduation speech, his last name is not heard due to feedback from the microphone. Just before Malcolm gives his graduation speech, Francis drops his employee ID on the ground and it clearly shows his name as "Francis Nolastname", a nod to the fact that the family surname has barely been mentioned.



In S5E22, Reese is seen wearing his army uniform in the airplane as he stands up and is given a parachute. His name tag says Jetson, but this was the fake name he used to get into the army. Reese is referenced as Jetson in the following episode S6E1. Edit