The Valley of the Fallen monument near Madrid. Claudio Alvarez

The removal of these vestiges of Franco’s deeply divisive rule is mandated by Spain’s Historical Memory Law. Passed by the former Socialist Party (PSOE) government of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero in 2007, the law made provision for the removal of statues and the changing of place names connected to Franco’s regime – legislation that was aimed at providing moral redress for the victims of Spain’s bitter Civil War and the long dictatorship that followed.

The Spanish government says red tape and costs are to blame for delays

Under the Socialists, 570 of a total of 705 symbols catalogued by a commission charged with the job were removed but the process ground to a halt in April 2011 and there has been no movement since the conservative PP won general elections in November 2011.

Recently a senator with the Basque nationalist party EH Bildu, Jon Iñarritu, called on the government to explain this five-year halt and the PP responded by citing red tape and high costs.

“Which Francoist vestiges have been taken down from ministries and public institutions since 2012?” asked Iñarritu in a written question to the Spanish government, in which the senator also asked about the planned timetable for the removal of the remaining 135 symbols of the dictatorship.

The PP responded on February 27 saying that the “remainder of the [symbols] are currently being processed, either because they are the subject of an administrative process or because of the cost involved.”

Under the Socialists, 570 of a total of 705 Francoist symbols were removed

The question from Iñarritu comes a month after Spain’s main opposition party, the PSOE, called for Franco’s remains to be removed from the controversial Valley of the Fallen site outside Madrid.

That demand – part of a push by the PSOE to stop perceived foot dragging on the part of the PP on implantation of the Historical Memory Law – was made in the wake of a government statement that the site is not a monument to Franco.

But the site contains just two marked graves: those of Franco and José Antonio Primo de Rivera, the founder of the Falange, Spain’s fascist-inspired political party. At the same time, thousands of prisoners of war who fought against Franco in the civil conflict were among the workforce used in its construction.