Ukraine International Airlines Flight PS752 has crashed in Iran shortly after takeoff, killing all 176 people on board.

Iran has refused to hand over the black box of a plane that crashed killing 176 people to international investigators.

The Kiev-bound Ukraine International Airlines jet came down shortly after taking off from Tehran Airport Wednesday, killing everyone on board.

Iran’s aviation authority said it would not hand over the recovered black boxes of the Boeing 737 to Americans.

“We will not give the black boxes to the manufacturer (Boeing) and the Americans,” Iran Civil Aviation Organisation head Ali Abedzadeh said, quoted by Mehr news agency.

“It’s not yet clear which country the black box will go to for the investigation,” he added.

Iranian state media reported that the plane caught fire after crashing, but a video aired by the state broadcaster appeared to show the plane already on fire as it fell from the night sky.

The crash came hours after Iran launched a ballistic missile attack on Iraqi bases housing US soldiers, but both Ukrainian and Iranian officials said they suspected a mechanical issue brought down aircraft.

Flight PS752 had been delayed from taking off by almost an hour from Tehran’s Imam Khomeini International Airport.

It took off to the west, but never made it above 8,000 feet in the air, according to data from the flight-tracking website FlightRadar24.

Flight data from the airport showed a Ukrainian 737-800 flown by Ukraine International Airlines took off, then stopped sending data almost immediately afterwards.

The plane, fully loaded with fuel for its 2,300-kilometre flight, slammed into farmland near the town of Shahedshahr on the outskirts of Tehran.

Videos taken immediately after the crash show blazes lighting up the darkened fields before dawn. It remains unclear what caused the crash.

Iran recovered the Boeing 737’s two black boxes following the crash, which took place soon after takeoff.

We are following reports that a Ukrainian 737-800 has crashed shortly after takeoff from Tehran. #PS752 departed Tehran at 02:42UTC. Last ADS-B data received at 02:44UTC. https://t.co/qXWHUPGDTu pic.twitter.com/vuAi6TOqTp — Flightradar24 (@flightradar24) January 8, 2020

#Breaking First footage of the Ukrainian airplane while on fire falling near #Tehran pic.twitter.com/kGxnBb7f1q — Ali Hashem علي هاشم (@alihashem_tv) January 8, 2020

As I was following the changes in the Iraq/Iran airspace, I snapped this shot at 0245 UTC. You can see #PS752 taking off from Tehran just before it crashed. pic.twitter.com/n4UlgWPxyd — Jon Ostrower (@jonostrower) January 8, 2020

Mr Abedzadeh said that based on global aviation rules, it was the right of the country where air crashes occur to carry out the investigation.

“This accident will be investigated by Iran’s aviation organisation but the Ukrainians can also be present during the incident’s investigation,” he added.

Under the rules of the International Civil Aviation Organization, of which Iran, Ukraine and the United States are all members, air crash investigations are led by the country where the accident occurred.

However, according to aviation experts, the countries that are capable of analysing black boxes are few — notably Britain, France, Germany and the United States.

France’s Accident Investigation Bureau (BEA), which handles air crash investigations, said it had not received any request for help from the Iranian authorities after Wednesday’s crash.

The plane that crashed went through maintenance checks just two days before the crash.

BBC journalist Bahman Kalbasi posted video of the smouldering crash site, describing it as “gut wrenching”.

Another video showed large pieces of the plane and body bags at the scene.

Ukraine’s minister for foreign affairs Vadym Prystaiko confirmed the nationalities of those killed including 82 passengers from Iran and 63 Canadians. Two passengers and nine crew were from Ukraine, there were 10 from Sweden, 4 from Afghanistan, 4 from Germany, and 3 from the UK.

Canada is home to a large Iranian diaspora community and UIA offers discount flights between Tehran and Toronto, with a transit in Kiev.

UIA released a list of the names and birth years of passengers. At least 25 were under the age of 18. Iran’s semi-official news agency ISNA said 13 of the passengers were students from Tehran’s Sharif University, the most prestigious in the country.

Two passengers registered on the flight did not board before take-off, Oleksiy Danilov, the head of Ukraine’s national security council, told reporters.

The airline said the Boeing 737 had been built in 2016. It was Kiev-based UIA’s first fatal crash.

“The plane was in working order,” UIA company president Yevgeniy Dykhne told a briefing in Kiev where he choked back tears. “It was one of our best planes with a wonderful crew.” Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelensky, who cut short a vacation in Oman to return to Kiev, ordered an investigation into the crash and a sweeping check of “all civilian aircraft” in the country.

“I ask everyone to keep from speculating and putting forth unconfirmed theories about the crash,” Zelensky wrote on Facebook.

Qassem Biniaz, a spokesman for Iran’s Road and Transportation Ministry, said it appeared a fire struck one of its engines.

The pilot of the aircraft then lost control of the plane, sending it crashing into the ground, Biniaz said, according to the state-run IRNA news agency.

Hassan Razaeifar, the head of air crash investigation committee, said it appeared the pilot couldn’t communicate with air-traffic controllers in Tehran in the last moments of the flight. He did not elaborate.

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky ordered a sweeping inspection of all civil aeroplanes in the country, “no matter the conclusions about the crash in Iran.”

Ukraine International Airlines said the plane underwent its last planned technical maintenance on January 6, 2020.

Ukrainian authorities have offered to help with the investigation of the plane crash.

“We’re preparing a group of specialists in order to help with the search operation and the investigation of the cause of the crash,” Ukrainian Prime Minister Oleksiy Honcharuk said.

Resident Din Mohammad Qassemi said he had been watching the news about the Iranian ballistic missile attack on US forces in Iraq in revenge for the killing of Revolutionary Guard Gen. Qassem Soleimani when he heard the crash.

“I heard a massive explosion and all the houses started to shake. There was fire everywhere,” he told The Associated Press.

“At first I thought (the Americans) have hit here with missiles and went in the basement as a shelter. After a while, I went out and saw a plane has crashed over there. Body parts were lying around everywhere.”

رییس سازمان امداد و نجات جمعیت هلال احمر:

قطعات #هواپیمای_اوکراینی در نقاط مختلفی از سطحی وسیع در محل سقوط پخش شده است.



از مردم درخواست می‌شود از تجمع در اطراف محل حادثه خودداری کنند و اجازه دهند تا امکان تردد خودروهای امدادی و انتظامی وجود داشته باشد. pic.twitter.com/KZAGodSNoT — هلال احمر ایران (@Iranian_RCS) January 8, 2020

Staff at the Boryspil airport in Kiev, where the plane was headed, told The Associated Press that passengers on this flight were usually Iranian students coming back to Ukraine after winter holidays.

Associated Press journalists who reached the crash site saw a wide field of field of debris scattered across farmland. The dead lay among shattered pieces of the aircraft.

State media earlier reported that the crash was suspected to have been caused by mechanical issues, without elaborating.

Iran’s Civil Aviation Authority later said the cause of the crash was not yet clear.

Nothing left of it. This is gut wrenching-> pic.twitter.com/kQ8q5EnjZd — Bahman Kalbasi (@BahmanKalbasi) January 8, 2020

Here's a look at the #PS752 crash scene in Tehran.



The Ukranian airplane was a Boeing 737-800 pic.twitter.com/ESTzbWKqCy — QuickTake by Bloomberg (@QuickTake) January 8, 2020

The Iran Red Crescent Society, a non-governmental humanitarian organisation in Iran, posted photos of the crash site and said there was no chance anyone had survived the crash.

رئیس سازمان امداد و نجات جمعیت هلال احمر درباره #سقوط_هواپیمای_اوکراینی: بعید می‌دانم کسی در این حادثه زنده مانده باشد. خوشبختانه به منازل مسکونی خسارتی وارد نشده است. pic.twitter.com/FSdTXNsfZB — هلال احمر ایران (@Iranian_RCS) January 8, 2020

Aviation analyst Alex Macheras also noted that Iran’s state media had blamed technical problems soon after the accident without any investigation.

Two important points to make while you’re processing the news of the UIA 737 crash



• Only Iran’s state media has stated the accident has occurred “due to tech problems” — without any investigation



• The video being widely shared (showing fireball) remains unverified#PS752 — Alex Macheras (@AlexInAir) January 8, 2020

An investigation team was at the site of the crash in southwestern outskirts of Tehran, civil aviation spokesman Reza Jafarzadeh said.

“After taking off from Imam Khomeini International Airport, it crashed between Parand and Shahriar,” Jafarzadeh said.

“An investigation team from the national aviation department was dispatched to the location after the news was announced.”

Boeing has tweeted a statement saying: “We are aware of the media reports out of Iran and we are gathering more information”.

#Boeing 737-800 serial 38124 plane (UR-PSR) belonging to #Ukrainian Airlines, which crashed shortly after taking off from #Tehran Airport to make the Tehran-Kiev flight, was only 3.5 years old. Apart from the technical failure of the aircraft downfall there are different claims. pic.twitter.com/5xxOdAPD6l — Hakan Celik (@hakanchelik) January 8, 2020

The crash came hours after Iran launched a ballistic missile attack targeting two bases in Iraq housing US forces in retaliation for the killing of Revolutionary Guard General Qassem Soleimani.

The US Federal Aviation Administration said Tuesday it was banning US-registered carriers from flying over Iraq, Iran and the Gulf following rocket attacks on US forces in Iraq.

“The (FAA) issues Notices to Airmen tonight outlining flight restrictions that prohibit US civil aviation operators from operating in the airspace over Iraq, Iran and the waters of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman,” it said in a statement.

“The FAA will continue closely monitoring events in the Middle East.”

The Boeing 737-800 is not to be confused with the 737 MAX, which has been grounded since March after two crashes in Indonesia and Ethiopia killed 346 people within five months.

It is a very common single-aisle, twin-engine jetliner used for short to medium-range flights. Thousands of the planes are used by airlines around the world.

Introduced in the late 1990s, it is an older model than the Boeing 737 MAX.