As they raced toward Thursday’s vote on the American Health Care Act, House Republicans found themselves fending off ghosts. Seven years of attacks on the Affordable Care Act, seven years of insisting that the law had been jammed through without scrutiny, kept coming back to haunt them.

First, they struggled to answer questions about the need to vote before the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) had estimated the costs of an amended AHCA.

“I would prefer to have it scored,” said Rep. Mo Brooks (R-Ala.), a member of the House Freedom Caucus who was elected in the 2010 backlash to President Barack Obama’s health-care law.

Next, they brushed off questions about whether they’d read the bill, which would impose a significant change on one-sixth of the U.S. economy and was polished off in a Rules Committee meeting after nightfall Wednesday.

“Oh, gosh!” Rep. Thomas Garrett (R-Va.), another Freedom Caucus member, elected in 2016, said in an interview with MSNBC. “Let’s put it this way: People in my office have read all the parts of the bill. I don’t think any individual has read the whole bill. That’s why we have staff.”

Again and again, Republicans defended a process that, at its worst, put the passage of the Affordable Care Act through a funhouse mirror. A party that once demanded CBO scores for each vote on the ACA declared that the budget office simply wasn’t trustworthy. Members of Congress who pledged to vote on measures after days of public debate learned to love expediency.

[Here’s what you need to know about preexisting conditions in the GOP health plan]

Process questions, blown to the side this week, were pivotal in the long fight over the ACA. Republicans, looking at a deeper vote deficit than Democrats face now, used Obama’s campaign trail promises of transparency as a baseline.

“Congress and the White House have focused their public efforts on platitudes and news conferences, while the substance and the details have remained behind closed doors,” Rep. Paul D. Ryan (Wis.), then the ranking Republican on the House Budget Committee, wrote in a July 2009 op-ed for the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. “Those members of Congress who voted for this bill already in their committees did so without knowing what the legislation costs.”

In 2009 and 2010, Republicans and well-heeled outside groups quickly made congressional process infamous. Then-Sen. Ben Nelson (D-Neb.), a reluctant supporter of the ACA, won a carve-out to increase Nebraska’s Medicaid funding. He was booed out of an Omaha pizza parlor.

The brickbats flew even as Democrats dutifully presented each version of their legislation to the CBO, and got it scored. Republicans repeatedly accused then-House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) of springing the bill before voters could know what it would cost.

“Shall I give you, again, [Ryan’s] letter to me at the time, or to the CBO?” an exasperated Pelosi asked at a Tuesday roundtable with Washington Post reporters. Democrats, she said, never even considered rushing a vote before a CBO score, “because we’d never do that to our members.”

View Graphic What’s next for the Obamacare replacement bill

After the ACA passed, Republicans did not let up. Then-Minority Leader John A. Boehner (R-Ohio) closed his party’s debate on the bill with a long floor speech, leading a call-and-response as he accused Democrats of flouting public debate.

“Can you say it was done openly?” he asked. “With transparency and accountability? Without backroom deals and struck behind closed doors, hidden from the people? Hell no, you can’t!”

To Democrats’ surprise, Republicans hammered process issues through the election, promising to never again legislate like the Democrats had.

“We will ensure that bills are debated and discussed in the public square by publishing the text online for at least three days before coming up for a vote in the House of Representatives,” they wrote in their Pledge to America, a pre-election manifesto. “No more hiding legislative language from the minority party, opponents, and the public.”

That pledge was no longer functional during the AHCA debate. The final language put up for a vote Thursday had been inked less than 16 hours beforehand.

As Republicans contemplated how to defend their vote, they repeatedly grabbed their old talking points about the ACA. In interviews and floor speeches, they frequently prefaced their cases for the new bill by insisting that Democrats had broken the old process.

“It’s important to remember, we went from a 2,600-page bill down to a bill under 200 pages, even with the amendments,” Rep. Mark Walker (R-N.C.), the chairman of the conservative Republican Study Committee, said at a Wednesday roundtable meeting with reporters. “I also want to remind us that the corrections added 7,000 or 8,000 pages.”

Many Republicans also resurrected a favorite quote from the ACA fight — Pelosi, in a March 2010 speech to county legislators, ran through the benefits of the legislation and insisted that “we have to pass the bill so that you can find out what is in it.” At the time, the bill’s text had been public for weeks, along with a CBO score. That did not dispel the legend.

“Unlike with Obamacare, when Nancy Pelosi said we would have to pass the bill to find out what’s in it, the American Health Care Act is posted online for all to read,” Rep. Adrian Smith (Neb.), a reliable vote for the GOP’s leadership, wrote in a March op-ed in his rural district.

“You know why this was so difficult to get this done?” freshman Rep. Brian Mast (R-Fla.) asked in a Thursday interview with CNN. “Because we didn’t go out there and do this in the way the [Democrats] did. We did it in a transparent and truthful way, and that made the process a lot more arduous in the end.”

Democrats, who often struggled to defend the passage of the ACA, watched all of this dumbfounded. Republicans had elucidated what a bad process would be, then plunged into it, and came out the other side with legislation that satisfied their base.

“Republicans are more comfortable using power when they have it,” said Adam Green, whose Progressive Change Campaign Committee beseeched Democrats to expand the ACA during the reconciliation process. Progressives, he said, needed not just to elect Democrats who favored more social welfare, but who had “the willingness to use their power to push that agenda into law when in the majority.”

Ed O’Keefe contributed to this report.

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