Indian police have arrested five men in connection with the alleged abduction and gang-rape of a 23-year-old Japanese tourist, officials have said.

The detainments, announced on Saturday, came after the alleged victim had filed a complaint through the Japanese consulate in the eastern Indian city of Kolkata.

She said she had been staying in a budget hotel in the city in November when three local men who spoke Japanese befriended her and took her to the seaside resort of Digha in the state of West Bengal.

According to Kolkata police, she said they had robbed her of $1,200 using her ATM card, and then took her to Bodh Gaya, a major Buddhist pilgrimage and tourist centre in the eastern state of Bihar.

There, she alleged that two more men joined them and raped her.

"We have arrested three people from Kolkata and two from Gaya in Bihar in connection with the incident," said Pallav Kanti Ghosh, a senior police official in Kolkata.

He also said two of the suspects had been charged with gang-rape.

The incident has again turned the spotlight on the safety of women in the world's largest democracy.

Millions of Indians took to the streets in 2012, after a medical student was gang-raped and killed in New Delhi, to demand official action to reduce the number of assaults on women.