A history of Egypt under the Ptolemaic dynasty ( 1899 ) by J. P. Mahaffy With 79 Illustrations

Alexander IV

Contents of the book

In preparing this volume I have received generous assistance from Prof. Petrie who has placed at my disposal many photographs of objects in his valuable collection, and of Egyptian monuments; also from the editors of the Classical /Review, for the facsimile of the newest Ptolemaic inscription recovered (p. 138); also from Mr. M'Gregor, who has sent me a reproduction of the head-dress which corresponds to that of the child Berenike (p. 117); also from Mr. F. LI. Griffith, for his explanation of the Ptolemaic titles (Appendix); and lastly from Dr. Botti, who has allowed me to copy his new map of Alexandria, which, although still incomplete and far from final, is yet much in advance of any map of the city hitherto attempted. It, unfortunately, did not appear until this book was almost ready for the press, and so could not be inserted and discussed in its proper place.Authorities, i. The results of the battle of Issus upon Egypt, 2. Alexander's victorious entry, 3; his policy towards Greeks and natives, 4; his coronation, 5-7. Choice of the site for Alexandria, 8; its foundation, 9; and topograph}^ 10-13. His visit to the oasis of Amon, 14-16. Deified, 17, 18. Effect of his conquest on natives, 19; political and military settlement, 20-22. Acts of Cleomenes, 23, 24.Financial devices of Cleomenes, 25, 26. Egypt in the division of Alexander's empire, 27, 28. Disputes about Alexander's burial, 29, 30. Cyrene acquired, 30, 31 ; and Cyprus, 31, 32 ; but not Syria, at least not permanently, 33, 34. Ptolemy and the Jews, 33; and native soldiers, 33; his family affairs, 34, 35. Satrap for ArridjEus and for Alexander IV., 35, 36. Wars, 37, 38. The proclamation, 38-41. Death of Alexander IV.,42. Naval supremacy of Egypt, 43, 44. Ptolemy declared king, 44, 45. Magas sent to Cyrene, 45-47. Invasion of Antigonus and Demetrius, 47-51; their retreat, 51. Title of the king, 51. Coinage, 52. Battle of Ipsus, 53. Ptolemy holds Syria, 54, 55. Later years, 55, 56. The Serapeum at Alexandria, 56-58. New cities — Ptolemais, 59; Menelaos, 60; Alexandria, the Museum, 61, 62. Coinage, 62. Abdi- cation, 63; and death, 64.The accession of Ptolemy II., 66. His brother Keraunos, 67. Foreign relations, 68. The Museum, 69. State feasts, 70. Hellenistic policy, 71, 72. The Mendes stele, 73, 74. His wife, Arsinoe I.,75. Arsinoe II., 76. Adelphic marriages, 77. Arsinoe'sdeification, 78-80. 81, 82. The building of temples, 83. Literature— Manetho, 85; Hecataeus, the LXX, 86. Red Sea stations, 87. Greek foundations, 88. The Fayyum, 89-93. Officialdom, 94, 95. Taxes, 96-98. Royal alliances, 99. The Pharos lighthouse, 100,The accession of Ptolemy IIL, 103. Syrian war, T03-108. Domestic sedition, 109, 110. Elephants and camels, iii. Decree of Canopus, 1 12-118. Building- of temples, 1 19-121. Death, 122. Gifts to Rhodes, 123. Character, 124. Edfu, 125, 126.The accession of Ptolemy IV., 127, 128. Cleomenes the Spartan, 129. Attack of Antiochus IIL, 130. The natives armed, 131, 132. Raphia, 133, 134. Deification, 135. Literary work, 136. Buildings, 137-140. Revolts, 141. Policy, 142. Character, 143, 144. Native revolts, 145-147.The accession of Ptolemy V., 148. Attacked by kings of Syria and Macedonia, 149. Saved by Rome, 150. Coronation, 151. Rosetta stone, 152-158. Revolts, 159, 160. Origin of titles, 161, 162. Financial troubles, 163, 164.Regency of Cleopatra I., 165. The accession of Ptolemy VII., 166. War about Coele-Syria, 167. Antiochus IV. stopped by Popilius, 168. The Jewish temple in Egypt, 169. The re^es j^gypti, 169-17 1. Revolts, 171, 172. The king visits Nubia, 173, 174. Domestic quarrels, 175, 176. Ptolemy VII. crowned at Antioch, 177. Death and Character, 179. Ptolemy VIII., 179. Strained relations between Greeks and natives, 180-182.Cleopatra II. and her son Ptolemy VIII., 183. The accession of Ptolemy IX., 184-186. The supposed policy of Cleopatra II. — M.Revillout's dreams, 187. The rivalry of Cleopatras 11. and IIL, 188-190. Polybius' account of Alexandria, 191; omits theJews who are attested by inscriptions, 192, 193. Buildings, 195. The stele of Aswan, 197. The will of Dryton, 199. A mixture of nationalities, 199-201. The policy of Ptolemy IX. — The Louvre Papyrus 63, 203, 204. Reform in the calendar, 205.Apion of Cyrene, 207. Regency of Cleopatra III. , 208. The accession of Ptolemy X., 209. Disturbances, 209; and family quarrels, 210-214. Ptolemy XL, 212. Internal quiet, 214, 215. Build- ings of the period, 216-218. Inscriptions of Ptolemy XL, 219-221. Death of Ptolemies X. and XL, 222, 223. Ptolemy XII., 224. Ptolemy XIIL, 225, 226. Danger from Rome, 227, 228. Berenike IV., 229. Invasion of Gabinius, 230. Death and character of Ptolemy XIIL, 231. Diodorus in Egypt, 231, 232. Buildings, 233-235.The accession of Cleopatra VI. and Ptolemy XIV, 236-238. Caesar at Alexandria, 239-241. Death of Ptolemy XI\'. , 242. Ptolemy XV., 243. Cleopatra sole ruler, 244. Stele of Callimachus, 245. Antony and Cleopatra, 246-248. A Roman triumph at Alexandria, 249. War with Rome, 250. Cleopatra's death, her children, 250-254.