A British Professor of Law, Stephen Whittle fought in the European Court of Human Rights for his right to legally identify as a male and have a child via IVF with his future wife, Sarah Rutherford. His work, manifesting as the research report Engendered Penalties: Transsexual and Transgender People’s Experience of Inequality and Discrimination, was instrumental in passing the UK's Gender Recognition Act 2004, awarding him an OBE and establishing the framework of legal recognition for transgender people.