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Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD)

Dysthymia, now known as persistent depressive disorder, refers to a type of chronic depression present for more days than not for at least two years. It can be mild, moderate, or severe.﻿﻿

People might experience brief periods of not feeling depressed, but this relief of symptoms lasts for two months or less. While the symptoms are not as severe as major depressive disorder, they are pervasive and long-lasting.

PDD symptoms include:

Feelings of sadness

Loss of interest and pleasure

Anger and irritability

Feelings of guilt

Low self-esteem

Difficulty falling or staying asleep

Sleeping too much

Feelings of hopelessness

Fatigue and lack of energy

Changes in appetite

Trouble concentrating

Treatment for persistent depressive disorder often involves the use of medications and psychotherapy.

According to the National Institute of Mental Health, 1.5% of adults in the United States had persistent depressive disorder in the past year. The disorder affects women (1.9%) more than men (1%), and researchers estimate that around 1.3% of all U.S. adults will have the disorder at some point during their lives.