RIYADH, Saudi Arabia — King Salman of Saudi Arabia is shaking up the leadership of the kingdom’s military and internal security services, elevating younger officials at a time of increased military engagement abroad and sharp economic and social change at home.

In a series of royal decrees announced late Monday, the king discharged dozens of officials across the government, bringing in a new chief of staff for the Saudi military and new officials for security and economic policy.

A number of younger princes were named deputy governors and a woman was appointed deputy labor minister, a rare occurrence in the ultraconservative kingdom.

The personnel shifts come at a time of rapid change for the kingdom, propelled by the ascendance of the king’s son, Prince Mohammed bin Salman, 32.