Two men have been arrested over a large-scale steroid trafficking operation between South Australia and New South Wales, police have said.

NSW Police intercepted 1,000 vials of steroids sent from Adelaide to Annandale, in Sydney's inner-west, in October.

NSW State Crime Command's Drug Squad established Strike Force Decor to investigate the trafficking operation.

Detectives have been working closely with officers from South Australia Police and the Australian Border Force (ABF).

On Tuesday, officers executed search warrants at Annandale, Canberra and at four properties in Adelaide.

NSW Drug Squad detectives arrested a 39-year-old man at the Annandale property.

He was charged with supplying a prohibited drug (greater than a commercial quantity), and five counts of supplying a prohibited drug (greater than an indictable quantity).

He is due to appear at Downing Centre Local Court in Sydney on November 23.

South Australia Police and ABF officers also arrested a 36-year-old man in Adelaide and seized 18 kilograms of various steroid powders, and numerous vials of steroids at a warehouse in Kilburn.

The 36-year-old is expected to be extradited to NSW to face drug supply charges.

Police said investigations were continuing and officers have urged anyone with information about the supply or possession of steroids to come forward.