But advocates for past complainants said problems remain.

“There is something about the culture at the agency, maybe because so many of its programs are in rural areas, where most of the offices are staffed by white men who think this is acceptable behavior,” said John Boyd, a Virginia farmer and president of the National Black Farmers Association, who led the fight for black farmer compensation. “The Obama administration has tried its best to deal with this issue, but it’s entrenched because the bureaucrats outlast administrations.”

One of the current complainants, Alicia Dabney, a former firefighter in the Sequoia National Forest in Centerville, Calif., said in an interview that she was the subject of repeated verbal abuse and physical taunts. “It was a frat boy atmosphere,” said Ms. Dabney, who was usually the only woman on her 20-person crew. “You are often isolated because where you work is so remote.”

Ms. Dabney said that her supervisor, who is still employed by the Forest Service, put her in a chokehold and tried to rape her in 2012. In another instance, she said, fliers with the words “Alicia Dabney is a whore” were left on the floor of the fire station.

She said that after she reported the harassment, the Forest Service fired her in 2012, citing what her superiors said was her failure to disclose her past criminal record on her job application. Ms. Dabney said that the agency had long known about her record and that “this was dredged up after I complained.”

Darlene Hall, another complainant, who is a still a Forest Service firefighter, said that she had been subjected to abusive language from some of the men she supervised. “I had one instance where a man who worked under me came into my office and just started cursing at me,” she said. “He was threatening, and I was afraid because you’re out there alone.” Ms. Hall said that she reported the incident to supervisors but that nothing was done and she was denied promotions as a result.