RIO DE JANEIRO — A celebrity plastic surgeon has been charged in the death of a patient, in a case that has drawn attention to the dangers posed by risky elective cosmetic procedures in a country that is generally seen as being obsessed with beauty.

Prosecutors said that the surgeon, Denis Furtado, who is known on social media as Dr. Bumbum, or Dr. Backside, injected the patient, Lilian Calixto, 46, with a far larger dose of PMMA — a synthetic resin that is also known as acrylic glass, and is used in cosmetic surgery to reduce wrinkles — than is considered safe.

The surgeon’s mother, Maria de Fátima Furtado, was also charged with assisting Mr. Furtado during the July 14 procedure — known as a buttock lift. Also facing charges were his girlfriend and an assistant, who acted as a surgical technician despite having no medical training.

Prosecutors said that neither Mr. Furtado nor his mother had a license to practice medicine in the state Rio de Janeiro, where the procedure took place.