The Iraqi military, which also reported no casualties, said the country was hit by 22 missiles between 01:45 and 02:15 local time on Wednesday (22:45-23:15 GMT on Tuesday).

Seventeen missiles were fired towards Al Asad air base, it said.

Satellite photographs taken by a commercial company, Planet, for the Middlebury Institute of International Studies, showed what appeared to be at least five destroyed structures at Al Asad.

David Schmerler, an analyst at the Middlebury Institute, told NPR : "Some of the locations struck look like the missiles hit dead centre."

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Two of the missiles aimed at Al Asad fell in the Hitan area, west of the town of Hit, and did not explode, according to the Iraqi military.

Photos of the remnants of one of those missiles, including three large parts of its fuselage, subsequently emerged on social media.

The Iraqi military said Iran fired five missiles towards Irbil air base, in the northern Kurdistan region.

It did not say how many hit the base, but state TV reported that two missiles landed in the village of Sidan, 16km (10 miles) north-west of the city of Irbil, and that a third missile came down in the Bardah Rashsh area, about 47km north-west of Irbil.

Journalists meanwhile photographed residents standing beside what they believed was the crater caused by the missile that hit Bardah Rashsh.