Open this photo in gallery A Car2Go vehicle in front of the company’s offices in San Diego, Calif., on Sept. 1, 2015. Mike Blake/Reuters

Toronto parking regulations that have prompted Car2Go to suspend its operations in Canada’s biggest city by the end of the month send a “chilling signal” to car-sharing services eyeing or already in the market, according to an expert on the sharing economy.

Car2Go said Thursday that it had been rendered “inoperable” by a city-run pilot program arriving in June that will forbid its use of almost 10,000 parking spaces, where users usually pick up or leave the service’s vehicles.

The pilot program would also charge the service permit fees of $1,499.02 per vehicle and force Car2Go to immediately relocate their cars when two or more car-sharing vehicles have been left on the same residential street.

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“This is not the result we were expecting and to say we are disappointed would be a huge understatement,” Car2Go CEO Paul DeLong said in a letter the company sent users on Thursday.

“We hope that one day, the City of Toronto chooses to establish a legal framework that makes true free-float carshare possible in the same way that dozens of other global cities have.”

Car2Go, owned by Germany’s Daimler, has been in Toronto since early 2012, when it required users to pick up and park cars in designated “Green P” lots. It started allowing them to leave and grab a vehicle from any legal spot on streets in 2016. The company now operates in 26 cities around the world, including Calgary, Montreal and Vancouver.

Mayor John Tory expressed disappointment that “Car2Go has chosen confrontation over collaboration.”

“While their decision to suspend operations in Toronto is unfortunate, it is their decision alone to walk away from a clear path toward regulations that would allow them to operate in our city in a reasonable, compatible way,” he said, in a statement.

“I’m confident that other car sharing companies willing to work with us and to operate in this manner will succeed in Toronto.”

But that confidence is not shared by Sunil Johal, policy director of the University of Toronto’s Mowat Centre and an expert on the sharing economy. He said he worries that it sends a message to companies that Toronto isn’t as open to car-sharing innovations as other cities, which have reached agreements with such services.

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“This is the kind of thing the city should be looking to welcome and promote, rather than shut down or put in place parameters that make it almost impossible for the programs to work successfully,” he said.

“It comes at a time, when we are trying to think about ways to move people away from car ownership and car usage, so it seems counterintuitive that the city is putting significant obstacles in the way of an established model of car-sharing that has been proven to reduce vehicle miles travelled and greenhouse gas emissions.”

Car2Go has faced fierce competition in recent years from similar services, including Zipcar, Turo, Enterprise CarShare and General Motors Co’s Maven, but its biggest challenge in Toronto has come from the city.

The two have been debating the “free-floating” car-share pilot for months, with Car2Go threatening in February to leave Toronto if the pilot made it too difficult for the company to keep operating.

The city is mostly concerned that residents with on-street parking permits won’t be able to find spaces to leave their cars as car-sharing services continue to grow in popularity.

At Thursday’s city council meeting, Toronto councillor Mike Layton introduced a motion asking staff to consult further with the car-sharing industry about the city’s approach to such services and report back in June about potential changes to the forthcoming pilot.

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The motion passed 34-4 and was supported by Mayor Tory.

Car2Go expressed optimism about the rest of the country, saying its service in Montreal was just expanded to additional boroughs.

It said it has 80,000 Toronto members, whose memberships won’t be cancelled or refunded because they will be able to use them in other countries around the world.