FILE - This April 15, 2017 file photo shows marijuana plants for sale at the ShowGrow dispensary a medical marijuana provider in downtown Los Angeles. California's struggling legal cannabis industry is expected to grow next year to $3.1 billion, but it remains far outmatched by the state's thriving illegal market. A report released Thursday, Aug. 15, 2019, finds consumers are spending roughly $3 in the state's underground pot economy for every $1 in the legal one. (AP Photo/Richard Vogel,File)

FILE - This April 15, 2017 file photo shows marijuana plants for sale at the ShowGrow dispensary a medical marijuana provider in downtown Los Angeles. California's struggling legal cannabis industry is expected to grow next year to $3.1 billion, but it remains far outmatched by the state's thriving illegal market. A report released Thursday, Aug. 15, 2019, finds consumers are spending roughly $3 in the state's underground pot economy for every $1 in the legal one. (AP Photo/Richard Vogel,File)

LOS ANGELES (AP) — California’s struggling legal cannabis industry is expected to grow this year to $3.1 billion, but it remains outmatched by a thriving illegal market ripe with bargains, a report concluded Thursday.

Consumers are spending roughly $3 in the state’s underground pot economy for every $1 in the legal one, said the report from industry advisers Arcview Market Research and BDS Analytics .

California kicked off broad legal sales in 2018. But hefty tax rates and illicit sales have been blamed for slower than expected activity in the new licensed market.

The report projected sales in California — the world’s largest legal pot market — would grow 23 percent this year.

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Companies that survived a rough 2018 “are battle hardened and kicked off a merger and acquisition flurry in the first half of 2019 that will allow them to leverage their positions in California to compete across the country,” Troy Dayton, CEO of the Arcview Group, said in a statement.

But those figures projecting robust growth don’t square easily with reports from many businesses that say they are struggling to keep their doors open.

There appears to be a growing divide between well-financed companies and big-dollar investors that are gaining ground and smaller operators just trying to get into the black.

Consumers can reap big discounts by buying under the table, with many underground shops operating in plain sight. Thus far, law enforcement and regulators have been unable to significantly slow the vast illicit market.

Indeed, “consumers have no shortage of cheap, illicit sources,” the report noted.

Meanwhile, licensed companies complain about high tax rates and face steep costs for everything from lab testing to state-required packaging.

But businesses that have been able to hang on in the bumpy market “have emerged stronger and well-positioned to grow their market share going forward,” Dayton said.

The report projects the legal market will gradually find its footing.

By 2024, legal spending is expected to climb to $7.2 billion, with the illegal market dropping to $6.4 billion.

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Blood is a member of AP’s marijuana beat team. Follow him on Twitter at http://twitter.com/MichaelRBloodAP. Follow AP’s complete marijuana coverage: https://apnews.com/Marijuana.