RAUNHEIM, Germany—Bianca Oran grew up near where the Red Baron is buried but, like most Germans, never heard of him. Her first encounter was a tattoo parlor named after the German World War I flying ace, owned by a half-Turkish man who became her husband.

“People ask who he is,” says Andreas Oran, who gives first-time customers mugs and T-shirts with the aviator’s image. “A few older customers know, but most don’t.”

Thanks to the new Peanuts movie, in which Snoopy dogfights a scarlet propeller plane, a new generation of Americans is learning to curse the Red Baron.

But in Manfred von Richthofen’s home country, where “Die Peanuts—Der Film” opens soon, the fighter pilot is barely remembered.

At the Red Baron restaurant in Berlin’s Tegel Airport—a rare example of the name in Germany—the hostess said on a recent day she knew nothing about the eatery’s namesake. Owner Claus Wöllhaf estimates that at most one of three Germans has heard of the once-famous airman. An unscientific sampling suggests the proportion is lower.