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Although the biological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of vitamin Bon cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been reported on, epidemiological studies have yielded controversial results, and data on the Korean population are limited. This study examined the association between dietary vitamin Bintake and CVD incidence in Koreans. A total of 9142 participants of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, aged 40–69 years, who did not have CVD or cancer at the baseline were included in the analysis. Dietary data were assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. CVD incidence was assessed using biennial questionnaires and confirmed through repeated personal interviews. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression models. After multivariate adjustment, a higher vitamin Bintake was significantly associated with a decreased CVD risk in men (HR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.25–0.78); no such association was observed in women. Dose-response analysis confirmed the presence of inverse linearity between vitamin Bintake and CVD incidence in men (for nonlinearity = 0.3). A higher dietary intake level of vitamin Bwas associated with a reduced CVD risk in Korean men. These observations require further verification in other populations. View Full-Text