Colonies have been found with DWV and no varroa. It is now confirmed that DWV is as common as flu virus in humans. Most of these viruses are present in even the most isolated colonies without varroa, including Australia. We are now understanding that most ailments are ever present and just waiting for colony health to decline enough to ravage through and collapse bee colonies. I am now more convinced than ever that colonies must be watched closely and selected for vigorous brood culling abilities which are certain to be seen in very early spring or late fall. By watching at the entrances, we can see if our colonies exhibit this very vital behavior without even opening the hive. Since there is no known way to help our bees become “immune” to any of these viruses, beekeepers must rely on their best judgement and replicate their strongest colonies by making splits in spring or early summer while the local nectar flows are strong. Any strong colony can even easily be split after the honey harvest, but before the summer dearth. At this time there are plenty of resources still available for colonies to successfully raise and mate new queens to further any apiary, without any additional intervention. By splitting we also ensure the new split colony will have a very small, if any, infestation of varroa.