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The United Kingdom experienced its first major outflow of migrating millionaires in 2017, as the rich moved away, according to New World Wealth’s global wealth migration report released Monday.

The U.K. had been one of the biggest recipients of migrating high-net worth individuals—defined as those with net assets of $1 million or more—but last year, while around 1,000 wealthy individuals entered the U.K., around 5,000 packed their bags and left, the report says

New World Wealth—a global market research group based in Johannesburg, South Africa, specializing in country reports and wealth statistics —pointed to high property and inheritance taxes, Brexit and rising crime levels in London as possible reasons behind the increase of fleeing residents.

New taxes on non-domestic residents and foreigners with homes in the U.K. made it more expensive and more complicated for those migrating to buy homes in Britain, and the region’s traditionally high inheritance taxes make the U.K. even more unappealing to high net worth individuals, according to the report. Many European residents, meanwhile, returned to their home countries in 2017.

Penta does not have migration numbers for previous years.

London, in particular, has fallen out of favor with high-net worth individuals as they moved instead to quiet U.K. villages or further afield to “safer international cities,” the report says, like Sydney, Melbourne, New York and San Francisco.

Australia and the U.S. logged the biggest influx of the wealthy, logging 10,000 and 9,000 new rich residents respectively.

China lost the most high-net worth individuals, as 10,000 moved away, followed by India and Turkey, which lost 7,000 and 6,000 rich residents, respectively. The U.K. ranked fourth.

The U.K. still ranks as the fourth wealthiest country worldwide, with a total private wealth of almost US$10 trillion. The U.S. tops the lists with a total private wealth of more than US$62 trillion. China and Japan rank second and third with total private wealth of US$24.8 trillion and US$19.5 trillion respectively.