Pollution has significant negative impacts on human health and ecosystems, according to UNEP's most comprehensive assessment ever, which urges political leadership at all levels, high-level champions and commitments to achieve a pollution-free planet.

The 2017 Executive Director's Report: Towards a Pollution-Free Planet, presented Thursday by UNEP Executive Director Erik Solheim, analyzes impacts on human health and ecosystems brought on by air, land, freshwater, marine, chemical and waste pollution.

“It provides a clearer picture than ever before of the scale of the pollution menace – and the scale of action that will be needed,” he said, stressing: “None of us is now safe, so now all of us have to act.”

The report highlights that nearly a quarter of all deaths worldwide – or 12.6 million people a year – are due to environmental causes.

The health effects are stark, with air pollution alone killing some 6.5 million annually, affecting mostly poor and vulnerable people, according to the report.

Meanwhile, ecosystems are also greatly damaged by coastal, wastewater and soil pollution. The vast majority of the world's wastewater is released untreated, affecting drinking water to 300 million people.

The report lists implementation, knowledge, infrastructure, limited financial and industry leadership, pricing and fiscal, and behavioural as five main gaps that limit the effective actions.

“What makes this report different is the breadth of its analysis and the new ambition of its solutions,” explained Mr. Solheim.

The report's five key messages to advance towards the goal of a pollution-free planet are:

political leadership and partnerships at all levels, mobilizing the industry and finance sectors; action on the worst pollutants and better enforcement of environmental laws; Sustainable consumption and production, through improved resource efficiency and lifestyle changes, better waste prevention and management; Investment in cleaner production and consumption to counter pollution, alongside increased funding for pollution monitoring and infrastructure to control pollution; and Advocacy to inform and inspire people worldwide.

Environmental governance, also spotlighted in the report, is a key enabler to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

“The only answer to the question of how we can all survive on this one planet with our health and dignity intact is to radically change the way we produce, consume and live our lives,” said Ligia Noronha, one of UNEP's coordinators for the Report.

In this regard, UNEP will convene the third UN Environment Assembly from 4-6 December in Nairobi, Kenya, where UNEP is headquartered.

As the world's highest-level decision-making body on the environment, the Assembly aims at engaging high-level participation to tackle the global threat of pollution.