Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and signing to compose opinion pieces in which they tell a viewer the topic or the name of the text they are signing about and state an opinion or preference about the topic or text (e.g., My favorite text is ...). Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and signing to compose informative/explanatory texts in which they name what they are signing about and supply some information about the topic. Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and signing to compose a visual-story map narrating a single event or several loosely linked events, tell about the events in the order in which they occurred, and provide a reaction to what happened.

Sign opinion pieces in which they introduce the topic or name the text they are signing about, state an opinion, supply a reason for the opinion, and provide some sense of closure. Sign informative/explanatory texts in which they name a topic, supply some facts about the topic, and provide some sense of closure. Sign narratives in which they recount two or more appropriately sequenced events, include some details regarding what happened, use temporal signs to signal event order, and provide some sense of closure.

Sign opinion pieces in which they introduce the topic or name the text they are signing about, state an opinion, supply reasons for the opinion, use linking signs (e.g., transitional signs: PLUS, WHY-Q) to connect opinion and reasons, and provide a concluding statement or section. Sign informative/explanatory texts in which they introduce a topic, use facts and definitions to develop points, and provide a concluding statement or section. Sign narratives in which they recount a well-elaborated event or short sequence of events, including details to describe actions, thoughts and feelings, use temporal signs, inflections, and phrases to signal event order, and provide a sense of closure.

Sign opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons. Introduce the topic or text they are signing about, state an opinion, and create an organizational structure that lists reasons. Provide reasons that support the opinion. Use linking signs and phrases (e.g., CL: 3-LIST, FOR-FOR-Q, spatial referents) to connect opinion and reasons. Provide a concluding statement or section. Sign informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly. Introduce a topic and group-related information together; include illustrations and other images when useful to aiding comprehension. Develop the topic with facts, definitions, and details. Use linking signs (e.g., SAME, SECOND, UNDERSTAND++) to connect ideas within categories of information. Provide a concluding statement or section. Sign narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, descriptive details, and clear event sequences. Establish a situation and introduce a narrator and/or characters; organize an event sequence that unfolds naturally. Use dialogue and descriptions of actions, thoughts, and feelings to develop experiences and events or show the response of characters to situations. Use temporal signs, inflections, and phrases to signal event order. Provide a sense of closure.

Sign opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons and information. Introduce a topic or text clearly, state an opinion, and create an organizational structure in which related ideas are grouped to support the signer's purpose. Provide reasons that are supported by facts and details. Link opinion and reasons using signs and phrases (e.g., FOR EXAMPLE, RH-Q HOW, ALSO, IDEA-SAME, ADD). Provide a concluding statement or section related to the opinion presented. Sign informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly. Introduce a topic clearly and group related information in paragraphs and sections; include formatting (e.g., video transitions), illustrations, and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension. Develop the topic with facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples related to the topic. Link ideas within categories of information using signs and phrases (e.g., OTHER, ALSO, RH-Q WHY, list referents). Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic. Provide a concluding statement or section related to the information or explanation presented. Sign narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, descriptive details, and clear event sequences. Orient the viewer by establishing a situation and introducing a narrator and/or characters; organize an event sequence that unfolds naturally. Use dialogue (role-shifting) and description to develop experiences and events or show the responses of characters to situations. Use a variety of transitional signs and phrases to manage the sequence of events. Use concrete signs and phrases and sensory details to convey experiences and events precisely. Provide a conclusion that follows from the narrated experiences or events.

Sign opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons and information. Introduce a topic or text clearly, state an opinion, and create an organizational structure in which ideas are logically grouped to support the signer's purpose. Provide logically ordered reasons that are supported by facts and details. Link opinion and reasons using signs, phrases, and clauses (e.g., THEREFORE, HAPPEN, SPECIFICALLY). Provide a concluding statement or section related to the opinion presented. Sign informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly. Introduce a topic clearly, provide a general observation and focus, and group related information logically; include formatting (e.g., video transition), illustrations, and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension. Develop the topic with facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples related to the topic. Link ideas within and across categories of information using signs, phrases, and clauses (e.g., POINT, use contrastive structure, conditionals). Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic. Provide a concluding statement or section related to the information or explanation presented. Sign narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, descriptive details, and clear event sequences. Orient the viewer by establishing a situation and introducing a narrator and/or characters; organize an event sequence that unfolds naturally. Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue (role-shifting), description, and pacing, to develop experiences and events or show the responses of characters to situations Use a variety of transitional signs, phrases, and clauses to manage the sequence of events. Use concrete signs and phrases and sensory details to convey experiences and events precisely. Provide a conclusion that follows from the narrated experiences or events.

Sign arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence. Introduce claim(s) and organize the reasons and evidence clearly. Support claim(s) with clear reasons and relevant evidence, using credible sources and demonstrating an understanding of the topic or text. Use words, phrases, depiction, and clauses (e.g., RELATE; PARALLEL-TO; ALIKE; SAME+IDEA) to clarify the relationships among claim(s) and reasons. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from the argument presented. Establish and maintain a formal style. Sign informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas, concepts, and information through the selection, organization, and analysis of relevant content. Introduce a topic; organize ideas, concepts, and information, using strategies such as definition, classification, comparison/contrast, and cause/effect; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., charts, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension. Develop the topic with relevant facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples. Use appropriate transition to clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts. Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from the information or explanation presented. Establish and maintain a formal style. Sign narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, relevant descriptive details, and well-structured event sequences. Engage and orient the viewer by establishing a context and introducing a narrator and/or characters; organize an event sequence that unfolds naturally and logically. Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue, pacing, and description, to develop experiences, events, and/or characters. Use a variety of transition signs, phrases, and clauses to convey sequence and signal shifts from one time frame or setting to another. Use precise signs, depiction, and phrases, relevant descriptive details, and sensory language to convey experiences and events. Provide a conclusion that follows from the narrated experiences or events.

Sign arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence. Introduce claim(s), acknowledge alternate or opposing claims, and organize the reasons and evidence logically. Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant evidence, using accurate, credible sources and demonstrating an understanding of the topic or text. Use words, phrases, depiction, and clauses to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among claim(s), reasons, and evidence. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented. Establish and maintain a formal style. Sign informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas, concepts, and information through the selection, organization, and analysis of relevant content. Introduce a topic clearly, previewing what is to follow; organize ideas, concepts, and information, using strategies such as definition, classification, comparison/contrast, and cause/effect; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., charts, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension. Develop the topic with relevant facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples. Use appropriate transition to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts. Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented. Establish and maintain a formal style. Sign narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, relevant descriptive details, and well-structured event sequences. Engage and orient the viewer by establishing a context and point of view and introducing a narrator and/or characters; organize an event sequence that unfolds naturally and logically. Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue, pacing, and description, to develop experiences, events, and/or characters. Use a variety of transition signs, phrases, and clauses to convey sequence and signal shifts from one time frame or setting to another. Use precise signs, depiction, and phrases, relevant descriptive details, and sensory language to capture the action and convey experiences and events. Provide a conclusion that follows from and reflects on the narrated experiences or events.

Sign arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence. Introduce claim(s), acknowledge and distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and organize the reasons and evidence logically. Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant evidence, using accurate, credible sources and demonstrating an understanding of the topic or text. Use words, phrases, depiction, and clauses to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented. Establish and maintain a formal style. Sign informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas, concepts, and information through the selection, organization, and analysis of relevant content. Introduce a topic clearly, previewing what is to follow; organize ideas, concepts, and information into broader categories; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., charts, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension. Develop the topic with relevant, well-chosen facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples. Use appropriate and varied transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas and concepts. Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented. Establish and maintain a formal style. Sign narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, relevant descriptive details, and well-structured event sequences. Engage and orient the viewer by establishing a context and point of view and introducing a narrator and/or characters; organize an event sequence that unfolds naturally and logically. Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue, pacing, description, and reflection, to develop experiences, events, and/or characters. Use a variety of transition signs, phrases, and clauses to convey sequence, signal shifts from one time frame or setting to another, and show the relationships among experiences and events. Use precise signs, depiction, and phrases, relevant descriptive details, and sensory language to capture the action and convey experiences and events. Provide a conclusion that follows from and reflects on the narrated experiences or events.

Sign arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence. Introduce precise claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and create an organization that establishes clear relationships among claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence. Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly, supplying evidence for each while pointing out the strengths and limitations of both in a manner that anticipates the audience's knowledge level and concerns. Use signs, phrases, depiction, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion and clarify the relationships between claim(s)and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and claim(s) and counterclaims. Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are signing. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented. Sign informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas, concepts, and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content. Introduce a topic; organize complex ideas, concepts, and information to make important connections and distinctions; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., figures, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension. Develop the topic with well-chosen, relevant, and sufficient facts, extended definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples appropriate to the audience's knowledge of the topic. Use appropriate and varied transitions to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships among complex ideas and concepts. Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to manage the complexity of the topic. Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are signing. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented (e.g., articulating implications or the significance of the topic). Sign narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences. Engage and orient the reader by setting out a problem, situation, or observation, establishing one or multiple point(s) of view, and introducing a narrator and/or characters; create a smooth progression of experiences or events. Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue, pacing, description, reflection, and multiple plot lines, to develop experiences, events, and/or characters. Use a variety of techniques to sequence events so that they build on one another to create a coherent whole. Use precise signs and phrases, telling details, and sensory language to convey a vivid picture of the experiences, events, setting, and/or characters. Provide a conclusion that follows from and reflects on what is experienced, observed, or resolved over the course of the narrative.

Sign arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or text using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence. Introduce precise claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and create an organization that establishes clear relationships among claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence. Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly, supplying evidence for each while pointing out the strengths and limitations of both in a manner that anticipates the audience's knowledge level and concerns. Use signs, phrases, depiction, and clauses to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion and clarify the relationships between claim(s)and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and claim(s) and counterclaims. Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are signing. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented. Sign informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas, concepts, and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content. Introduce a topic; organize complex ideas, concepts, and information to make important connections and distinctions; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., figures, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension. Develop the topic with well-chosen, relevant, and sufficient facts, extended definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples appropriate to the audience's knowledge of the topic. Use appropriate and varied transitions to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships among complex ideas and concepts. Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to manage the complexity of the topic. Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are signing. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented (e.g., articulating implications or the significance of the topic). Sign narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences. Engage and orient the reader by setting out a problem, situation, or observation, establishing one or multiple point(s) of view, and introducing a narrator and/or characters; create a smooth progression of experiences or events. Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue, pacing, description, reflection, and multiple plot lines, to develop experiences, events, and/or characters. Use a variety of techniques to sequence events so that they build on one another to create a coherent whole. Use precise signs and phrases, telling details, and sensory language to convey a vivid picture of the experiences, events, setting, and/or characters. Provide a conclusion that follows from and reflects on what is experienced, observed, or resolved over the course of the narrative.

Sign arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence. Introduce precise, knowledgeable claim(s), establish the significance of the claim(s), distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims, and create an organization that logically sequences claim(s), counterclaims, reasons, and evidence. Develop claim(s) and counterclaims fairly and thoroughly, supplying the most relevant evidence for each while pointing out the strengths and limitations of both in a manner that anticipates the audience's knowledge level, concerns, values, and possible biases. Use signs, phrases, depiction, and clauses as well as varied syntax to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships between claim(s) and reasons, between reasons and evidence, and between claim(s) and counterclaims. Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are signing. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented. Sign informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas, concepts, and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content. Introduce a topic; organize complex ideas, concepts, and information so that each new element builds on that which precedes it to create a unified whole; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., figures, tables), and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension. Develop the topic thoroughly by selecting the most significant and relevant facts, extended definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples appropriate to the audience's knowledge of the topic. Use appropriate and varied transitions and syntax to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships among complex ideas and concepts. Use precise language, domain-specific vocabulary, and techniques such as metaphor, simile, and analogy to manage the complexity of the topic. Establish and maintain a formal style and objective tone while attending to the norms and conventions of the discipline in which they are signing. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented (e.g., articulating implications or the significance of the topic). Sign narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences. Engage and orient the reader by setting out a problem, situation, or observation and its significance, establishing one or multiple point(s) of view, and introducing a narrator and/or characters; create a smooth progression of experiences or events. Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue, pacing, description, reflection, and multiple plot lines, to develop experiences, events, and/or characters. Use a variety of techniques to sequence events so that they build on one another to create a coherent whole and build toward a particular tone and outcome (e.g., a sense of mystery, suspense, growth, or resolution). Use precise signs and phrases, telling details, and sensory language to convey a vivid picture of the experiences, events, setting, and/or characters. Provide a conclusion that follows from and reflects on what is experienced, observed, or resolved over the course of the narrative.