[1] A quite good French wrestle for when you go at someone such that he grips you by the middle and wants to lift you up. So let yourself be lifted and seize him with your left arm around the back of his neck and seize him with that self-same hand by the chest and grip him tightly. And strike him with your left leg between his legs, and with your left leg and foot, wrap (wint) it around his right leg and press and shove him over pulling him down and cradle his right leg upward with your leg and foot. Thus must he fall on his back. And on whichever side he bends[27] you, such that he means to throw you, then always place your available foot (ledigen fuss) forward and let yourself push [brace] with it. Thus he cannot throw you, and always bend him down from above and cradle his leg down tightly, so he must indeed fall also with the self-same left leg so that you have struck around his right leg. You may wish to seize over the right half by wrapping outwards around his other left leg and also wrap that around with your left leg and foot and in such a way that thus strongly unbalances him, and weigh down over onto his back, pressing down so that he falls onto his back.

[2] A good English wrestle with holds or using the arms, holding someone with your right hand up, going over behind his left shoulder by the collar and seize him with your left hand behind his right arm by his elbow. And don’t let him escape and have him held tightly. And when it suits you, then throw yourself around and allow your right arm to go up over his head and over his right side at the shoulder and seize him with the right arm behind his back on his waist or the belt. And lift him up and your arm goes around his and whilst you hold and lift such as you go at each other. So throw yourself around so that your right shoulder and back stand against his stomach and during the throw-around (umbwurffen) and in all displacements (trips, versetz) done with your right leg winding in behind his right leg and balance and pull him with your leg, with your leg going upwards and outwards, and lift him up strongly at the back and turn yourself around on your right side, and lift his right arm strongly and throw him over with the hip. And wrap with the foot pulling at his back so with your back or arse you drop him onto his stomach.

[3] A good wrestle for when someone wrestles with you using the arms: So seize him with your right hand wrapping inwards by his left shoulder and with your left hand by his right arm near his elbow. And you want then to reach with your right arm through his left armpit and trap him over both his arms under your right armpit and during the pin, thus turn yourself around so that your back goes into his stomach, and during the pin and turn-around, displace him with your right leg maneuvered close to, and behind, his right leg. And throw him over your leg using your leg onto his back. Also you must then hold quite tightly under his arm with your left hand.

[4] A good wrestle for when you have been seized by someone on the arm, then on whichever side you are under, on the same side place the same shoulder hard underneath against his chest and press him down firmly and grasp under his arm by putting your over-hand behind the elbow. And then lift him out and away strongly and throw yourself around at the side so that the arm is underneath, and hold him at the hip and place that same leg [the right one in this case, as illustrated] manoeuvred close to his leg. And lift him with the hip, and throw him over the hip and the leg, onto his back.

[5] A good wrestle using the arms, or when you have seized someone in a hold with your left arm. If so, grasp him with the left arm over by his neck and in the hold you may throw yourself around on your right side, and step towards him and throw him over your hip by his stomach and neck onto his back. Also during the throw, your left arm may be augmented with your right hand. You must grip your left hand and break him with the left arm and both hands by his neck over your hip by his stomach onto his back.

[7] A good charging wrestle if you go at someone in armour: then stamp on his foot—whichever foot he has placed foremost—and as you do so, strike him with your front foot, with the toes behind his heel, and push him over away from you, so that if you fail getting it, then he cannot get you. Then if he pulls his same foot and puts the other foot forward, then consider to stamp on this foot as well, and during the strike, then always push him from over away from you, and with [?] toes, then always strike his foremost leading heel away so that he falls.

[8] Yet another good wrestle for when you go at someone: Thus consider and grip him with the left hand on his right arm by the hand, and the right hand up by the muscle on the upper arm. And pull him over towards yourself and bend backwards with you, wanting to pluck him. And lift him tightly whilst you strike him with your right foot between his legs on his right heel. And pull him toward you and immediately strike in behind outside on the front of his left foot with the toes. And yet pull him by the arm toward you, and to strike him from you so that he falls.

[10] Another good wrestle for when you charge in at someone, and seize his right arm by the hand with your left hand, and turn yourself around quickly and during the about-turn, so pull his right arm quickly with your left hand over your right shoulder and bend yourself tightly and make yourself tight beneath him and lift him up with your back so that he must fall over the back. Or else break his arm as well as throw him over the back, so that he lies in front of you.

[11] Another good wrestle to consider when you go at someone, and seize his left arm by the hand with your right hand and pull them backward, over your head and bend yourself, and grip with the other hand through [between] his legs and during seizing, and during pulling, then lift him up quickly and throw him.

[12] Another wrestle for when you consider to charge in at someone; if you would like to seize him with either arm around the neck and with the other arm by the leg, and lift his leg up and bend him over tightly downwards, so that the foot lies as high as the head, and then run around him and lay him down however you wish.

[13] Another good wrestle for when you have just taken hold of the arm, then you have underneath on the same side of the same leg, strike him between his legs and cradle his leg up and lift him firmly by the arm that he has under your armpits. And press him down over so that he falls.

[14] Another good wrestle for when you have just gotten hold with someone, then grip behind upward with the same arm, and grab him by the jaw and break his head by gripping it backward, thus so that he must wrench away. Thus throw him then backwards over a leg.

[15] Another good wrestle for when you have gotten hold, and he has yours as well: whichever arm you have underneath, thus place in the same leg between his legs and throw yourself around and cradle him with your arse up and pull him down over with your upper-hand by the neck—and with the lower-hand pull down as well, and do this quickly or he will attempt to stop you.

[16] A good wrestle for when you have just gotten hold with someone. On the same side as the arm that you have underneath, place the shoulder in tightly on his chest thus back him towards you, so you want to lift him. You have your right arm underneath so thus place your right leg between his legs and throw him over the knee and the hip on his right side. Yet if he withdraws the left leg, so he gives you the right, then place your left leg behind his right and throw him over there onto his back.

[17] Another good wrestle for when you have gotten hold with someone: So lift him up from behind at his back by his waist or the belt [gurtll] with full force using the arms. And during the lift, then you may spin him around so that his feet don’t touch the ground. And if you want you can then swing him around with his feet far out and pull him high over your right leg and the hip at his back, and lay him on the ground.

[18] Another wrestle for when you have gotten hold with someone: With whichever arm you have lower, at that same side, lay in your head and if you’re deep into the balance. Thus drop with the upper-hand around the neck and place your foot forward and outside, and press tightly toward yourself to drop him, which must be done quickly, or he seizes you by the leg. And carry yourself wherever it wants.

[19] When you thus seize him under his armpit and you want to press hard; Then you make around him freely: thus you drop in with your right hand between his legs and [also] seize his kidneys [with your left hand] and press him tightly into you, so he must let you do so.

[20] When you grip someone by the genitals and you will squeeze hard and thereby need to pluck him then reach with your left arm under [looping over] his right arm which he has thereby seized, and grip with your right hand, your left arm [?] hand, and break his left arm over [?] your left arm so that you break his arm or he must let you go.

[22] Another good wrestle for when you have hold using the feet, on the side of whichever arm he has underneath, place that same foot toward his foot and drop in with both hands onto his under-arm and step with your rear foot in around and place in behind his foot. And throw him over on his back. Do that quickly.

[23] A good duelling-wrestle for when you wrestle with someone at the arms: So pull in his right hand under your left armpit and drop your right hand also on the arm and throw him over your right leg also on the right side of his leg. Also you may do it on whichever side you wish, as you will be correct.

[24] Another wrestle using the arms: When you have seized someone by the arm, and they have done the same to you by going around, then lift both arms up quickly and strike his arm strongly on the inside, such that he lets go. And during the strike reach past him and seize his leg with both hands and lift him up and throw him.

[25] Yet a similar charge in to wrestle: When you charge at someone, then lift your arms up high together and to drop them over and strike him through in between his arms and seize him yet by a leg with both hands and tackle him and throw him.

[26] Another wrestle: when someone has a good hold on you, then drop with both arms and with the chest on his lower-arm, and press him into the ground and seize him by the leg and lift him up and throw him.

[27] A decent wrestle from the chest, when someone has grasped you by the collar, then grab his arm by the hand with your left hand and throw yourself around and turn yourself through underneath his armpit, and pin his arm behind his back and grip around him and throw him.

[28] Another wrestle using the feet for when you have just gotten hold with someone, then hold him in exactly the same way. If he then all [?] so pull him toward you and strike a leg in behind the leg that he has placed foremost behind the knee [in the ‘bend of the knee’] and throw him backwards over the leg onto his back.

[29] A good wrestle for when you have just gotten hold with someone. On the same side as the arm that you have underneath, lift and seize low by the waist, and attend upon that same foot, if he places it forward. So step in with your foremost leg, and place it in behind that same leg. And during this positioning, thus place the upper-arm at the neck as well and break [push] him high over that leg onto his back.

[30] Another wrestle using the feet for when you have just gotten hold with someone, then hold him in exactly the same way. If he then all [?] so pull him toward you and strike a leg in behind the leg that he has placed foremost behind the knee [in the ‘bend of the knee’] and throw him backwards over the leg onto his back.

[31] A good wrestle using the arms or feet with a charge (zu lauffen) as you wish. So if you keep well because you have come into holds with someone, and have your right arm underneath, when it suits you, then seize with your left over-arm through his right armpit and seize him by the chest. So also keep him his right arm under your left armpit and lift there immediately with your armpit. And if you also want have hold of him, then throw yourself around and pull your right arm underneath. And during this pull and around-throwing, place your left leg forward in front of both his legs, and throw him thus over the leg with your left arm holding his right arm, and on his chest at the back or at the side—so he must fall or break his arm.

[32] A good wrestle without harm on both sides for when you wrestle with someone using the arms, or you go in at him. So seize him behind his left arm by the elbow with your right hand, and take hold of the arm so he never gets away, and pull him from you on his right side. And penetrate your elbow through his armpit and place in at the chest and step behind him at his side, and grip him with your available left hand in front of you, off and behind his left knee-joint. And lift up his leg and break [push] him down over with the elbow—and throw him onto his back.

[33] Yet another good wrestle: so consider when you go at him, you take the caught arm, then pull it under your armpit and lift him tightly. And throw yourself around and turn the back and drop with the other hand as well as the aforementioned arm. And drop onto the left knee and throw him over the right leg or on whichever side it is right for you. Thereafter yet you must hold the arm underneath the armpit as well, if he does the same hold on your arm, such that he is below you, then lift tightly with the hand and your armpit. And when he stands at your right, so that he cannot lift your arm. Then throw yourself around quickly and drop down onto the knee and throw him over the other leg. Also it must always be done quickly or he’ll step behind. And throw yourself down effortlessly in order to do it quickly. So indeed he must fall.

[34] A good wrestle for when you have just gotten hold with anyone who has his right arm underneath. So drop onto the knee so he’s yours, and when he is over yours, then drop under him onto your right knee and place in your left leg winding outward, close to his right leg and break [push] him down with your left hand on his right arm [held] by the bicep and with the right hand under his left armpit, over your left leg at his back. Thus must he be quite quick to move at each other, so as to fall onto the knee and break[push] over the leg.

[35] Yet a similar wrestle: then you must shift your lead foot: when you have just gotten hold with anyone who has his right arm underneath, then drop deeply onto one knee. And make him yours. And when it suits you, and if he has placed his right foot forward, then throw yourself around in front of him, and drop onto your left knee, and place in your right leg close around the outside of his right leg to throw him over that leg onto his back. And with the left hand over his right arm [held] by the bicep, thereby break[push] him down strongly and with your right arm under his left armpit, throw strongly according to the need with each other strongly, and drag quickly.

[36] Here it occurs on wrestling on foot, a deadly wrestle on both sides: when you go at someone, thus seize his left hand with both your hands and throw yourself around, and break his arm off over your right shoulder.

[37] A good pinning wrestle for when someone holds you and has both his arms around you underneath yours and you know that he intends to throw you: so seize downward from above you and seize him with both your arms, and grip around both his arms under both your armpits and press him tightly with them with the armpits and arms and fall down onto your arse, and press and shove him over your head with your knees and feet. Also, don’t let his arms away from your armpits, until you lay on your back and throw him over you.

[38] Another wrestle for when you charge at someone: So seize him by the chest or by the arms, and fall on to the back and hold him on one leg and whilst you fall, then buck with your leg, and with your arms up over your head, you carry yourself up against him and he falls over.

[39] When both of you have entered into the hold with each other, such that one cannot lift up the other: there is only one instruction—when he lifts, so you lift as well.

[40] Note: when you attempt to seize someone at the arms in order to wrestle, you will cause him great pain on whichever side that he seizes you. So always strike him the same using your other arm at the same side, crosswise over his arm and press into him, and turn yourself to attempt to break yourself away from him moving from one arm to the other. And turn and press and break his arm at the wrist as you move underneath strongly, so you always cause damage in harness or exposed quite low by him. And you hurt him as soon as possible so he can never therefore get a hold. If you aim to cause damage to his joint by his hand, and when you thus learn to Wrestle, at the instigation or assault, to always learn to dominate him masterfully by oneself and to keep countering.

[41] If you wish to cause someone pain, you attack high and break his arm, therefore wanting to wrestle using the arms. On whichever side he has seized you, then always strike him on the same side as this to the other arm, crosswise over his arm and move to press strongly into yourself with your arms. And then seize together with your available hand, between you and from him, and grip your arm by the hand on his available hand and thereby you strongly squeeze with force, so that you will break his arm off.

[42] Yet someone attacks you low so that you cannot defend him, then reach with your arms in front of you, between you and him and through the middle of his arms, and lift and break his arm upwards and outward and you break away from him.

[48] Yet one good wrestle: hold someone with your right hand behind his collar and with the left hand by his right elbow. And when he places his left foot foremost, thus strike him in with the right foot in front of him with the toes behind his left heel. And during the strike, pull him over strongly down and backward by the neck, and afterwards, shove the elbow strong accordingly, and lift his heel with the toes strongly. And throw him backwards using the arms on his back such that you remain standing.

[49] Another good wrestle for when you have just taken hold of someone: thus seize him promptly and manipulate him around to cause him pain. And guard yourself throughout so that he cannot meanwhile throw you. When he then his takes every risk, then [pull his] back in to you, and lift him up and strike him with one leg between his legs, and cradle him with your leg up. And throw him onto his back.

[50] If you want to lift someone up so that he cannot throw you, then strike in your left leg behind around his right leg at the knee-bend. Thus, that both your knee bends inline with each other, and belly likewise by his, so he may not throw you from him. And wherever he wants to bend or push you, thus always put your available right leg forward, and allow yourself to push [brace]. He thus wants to settle, and therefore wants to throw you: so push with the available foot into the seat so that he would be controlled, then he cannot freely throw you.

[51] A good hold and grip so that someone cannot come at you: thus seize him with your right hand by his left shoulder at the chest, with your left hand behind his back by the belt or waist. And pull him with the same hand strongly toward you and with the right hand high by the shoulder, shove him strongly away from you so that he may not come toward you to wrestle.

[52] Also, pull him yet with your right hand by his right hand tight in front of you on one side, and during the pull, strike in on the arm by the elbow with the left hand. Thus you strike his arm outside the joint, so he is hurt and you strike quick so you break him.

[53] A good wrestle on both sides for when you go at someone: So seize his left hand with your right hand and pull it over your head and reach in through [underneath] his armpit and seize him back round by his left leg using your left hand. And lift him up with your back and throw him. Lift him thus whilst pulling the arm, holding it over the head.

[55] A similar wrestle using the arms for when you have gotten hold with someone at the arm: Thus you shall kick him on the knee with whichever foot is foremost with full effort, pulling him toward the leg. Then push him up until you meet him correctly. So you go kick him outside the joint, and then he falls.

[56] A good wrestle for when you have just gotten hold with someone. On the same side as the arm that you have underneath, lift and seize low by the waist, and attend upon that same foot, if he places it forward. So step in with your foremost leg, and place it in behind that same leg. And during this positioning, thus place the over-arm at the neck as well and break [push] him high over that leg onto his back.

[57] A good wrestle for when you have just gotten hold with anyone, then wait if you may into your back, and during the back or similar, when it suits you, then seize him with your lower-arm through his legs at the groin, and lift him up and then place in the upper-arm in at the neck. And break [push] him backward onto his back, or if you also lift him up, then you may also want to carry him and nobly lay him down wherever you want.

[58] Yet a quite good wrestle for when you have just gotten hold with anyone: thus strike in your head at his shoulder, yet boldly from one shoulder to the other, so he is yours. You then have right side low, such that you lay in at him with your head at his left shoulder and during this positioning, thus seize him out-around [his arm] with your arm over around his neck between your head and his head. And hold the head under your left armpit to squeeze tightly. And you block low with the feet gathered to throw him, so he falls. Yet if he doesn’t and he pulls your head, if you thereby grip thus to step towards him during the pull, and seize with your right arm low, under his armpit going behind, over his left shoulder and place in the arm at his neck, and during this placement, then seize down winding out-around in front of yourself with your left arm going in behind his knee-bend. And lift his leg up and pluck him down with the aforementioned arm over at this neck, and throw him.

[62] If you want to take someone down with force on both sides, therefore you must exchange the feet, if he lies on your right side. Thus take your right foot and work with him so you keep between his legs. When you thereby come between, then strike your right leg around his left leg, and pull it towards yourself with your foot and shove him over away from you with the hands at the right side. Thus he lands on his back, and you on top of him. You may not want the right leg with your right, so take your left leg and seize him high over, in between his legs and pull his left leg towards you and with the hands, throw him over yourself on your left side. Thus you come effortlessly on to his back.

[63] A controlling wrestle, you may well speak to someone if you want, and offer your leg to his hands, and he thereby cannot throw you because he must similarly fall. Do it thus: lift your leg up and let him seize you by the bend of the knee, and during the hold, as he seizes you, then seize him with your right arm around his neck so that you keep his head under your armpit, and press the hold into you. And with the left hand seize him up over the [transcription reads ‘your’?] back by the belt, and if he still has you by the leg, then have yourself a hold with the left hand by the belt and with the right arm press the armpit tight towards you. Thus you press him by his neck so that he doesn’t know how to escape and will fall onto his stomach.

[64] Yet a similar controlling wrestle, you do well to speak at the arms. I want to turn your back to me and this will allow me to lift you up and you will thereby be thrown, so that you do thus: when you turn someone’s back and you wish to hold him round the middle, and lift him up. Then drop him with your hands in his hand, and weigh yourself down quickly and drive with your back and feet through his right armpit and with the right leg behind his right leg, and block [sper, sperren] him with your right leg and hold him down in front of you with your hands. And lift his right leg up and throw him onto his back.[31]

[65] But one control for when you wish to throw two people down, and you have let them grab you so that they stand close to each other, and so lay your arms symmetrically at the back and push in your arms through and seize them at the collar, and hold them also truly, that they cannot take your arm and cradle in their arms with your arms up and press them to the ground or throw them over both your legs.[32]

[66] Yet another control for when you want to throw two people down such that you let them seize, then position yourself close to each other and stand behind them and give one of their hands to your free hand under their leg and hold them from behind by their hands and lift them both up with each other, so then their heads move down and the feet come up and so they fall on their faces.

[67] If you want to hold so that he’s beneath you and cannot get up, then consider that you grasp his arm between your legs and under the stomach; and then grip the other arm with both hands by the hand and by the elbow and then then twist the hand underneath his head and press the elbow down so that he cannot stand up, also lay yourself crosswise on top of him.

[68] A good hold so that someone cannot get up from you on both sides, place yourself crosswise on the [his] right side and seize him with the left arm through underneath his neck—and seize him by the chest and with the right free [available] arm. Thus attend to him, and on whichever side he shall try to swing, grip him there so that he cannot escape.