WASHINGTON—The Treasury Department's pay czar pushed outgoing Bank of America Corp. Chief Executive Kenneth D. Lewis into giving back about $1 million he received so far this year and forgoing the rest of his $1.5 million salary for 2009, say people familiar with the matter.

The move makes Mr. Lewis the biggest target so far of Kenneth Feinberg, the Treasury's "special master" for compensation. He also asked that Mr. Lewis pass up any 2009 bonus from the Charlotte, N.C., bank.

Mr....