MUNICH — The trial of the surviving member of a neo-Nazi group accused of a string of anti-immigrant killings opened Monday in a Munich court amid a debate about racism in German society and the country’s security services.

Beate Zschäpe, 38, is charged with killing eight men of Turkish descent, a man of Greek descent and a policewoman, and with carrying out two bombings and belonging to a terrorist group. She will be tried with four men who are charged with supporting the three-member group, which called itself the National Socialist Underground, or N.S.U., a play on the name for Hitler’s National Socialist Party, better known as the Nazis.

The case has shaken the country’s security services and confronted Germans with uncomfortable questions about prejudice against the immigrants who make up an increasingly large part of society.

The trial, which is expected to last more than a year, will be closely watched by the three million Turks and other immigrants who call Germany home. Many of the country’s partners abroad are also following it as a test of the Germans’ ability to come to terms with their modern multicultural identity.