“What we’re really seeing with a number of these fires merging is a number of small fires started by lightning strikes, across the landscape,” New South Wales Rural Fire Service spokesman Anthony Clark told the Sydney Morning Herald. “And as they grow, we see fires merging,” Clark said.

Separately, an emergency warning was issued for a blaze in the Southern Highlands region, known as the Morton Fire, that threatened populated areas.

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As of midday Friday, firefighters were battling 147 fires in New South Wales, with one at the emergency level, the highest warning category, as a wind shift moved from south to north along the coast.

The strong winds were reaching speeds of up to 55 mph, lofting embers out ahead of fires to start new spot fires, and propelling the front edges of fires forward at high rates of speed, breaching containment lines.

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The emergency warning issued for the Morton Fire near Bundanoon advised residents to seek shelter, noting, “It is too late to leave.”

“Protect yourself from the heat of the fire,” the Rural Fire Service said.

Emergency warnings were also issued for fires in parts of Victoria.

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Conditions were so extreme Friday morning that weather forecasters issued a severe thunderstorm warning for a fire-generated thunderstorm in northeastern Victoria, specifically for damaging winds.

The megafire formed when part of the East Ournie Creek blaze collided with the Dunns Road Fire near the Clarkes Hill Nature Reserve, near the border between the two states. This blaze will be even harder to put out and illustrates the scale of the disaster facing Australia.

This is not the first megafire to form during Australia’s nightmarish bushfire season. The Gospers Mountain Fire near Sydney is also the result of multiple fires merging into one, and it has repeatedly sent thick, hazardous smoke into highly populated areas.

While Australia has had fire seasons that have burned more acreage overall, these fires are unprecedented for their locations. According to Australia’s Bureau of Meteorology, the fires in New South Wales are the largest in state history, and the burned area is the most extensive ever documented in eastern Australia.

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Ecosystems that typically don’t see major fires, such as rainforests, have been scorched, and these fires are affecting the most populous reaches of the already hot and dry continent.

Scientists have published numerous studies showing that Australia’s climate is becoming hotter and drier because of human-caused climate change, and these trends are dramatically amplifying the risk of bushfires and lengthening the fire season.

This season, blazes first broke out in September, making for a grueling slog for thousands of firefighters and weary residents, many of whom have evacuated multiple times.

At least 25 people have died in the fires, which have destroyed at least 14.5 million acres. Up to 1 billion mammals, birds and reptiles nationwide, many of them unique to Australia, may have been affected or killed by the fires sweeping across Australia, according to a University of Sydney estimate.