“Because coronavirus appears to meet the statutory definition of a ‘biological agent’ ” under federal law, Rosen wrote, “such acts potentially could implicate the Nation’s terrorism-related statutes.” He cited particular laws governing the development and possession of biological agents for use as a weapon, threats by wire and mail and false information and hoaxes regarding biological weapons.

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“Threats or attempts to use COVID-19 as a weapon against Americans will not be tolerated,” Rosen wrote.

The guidance, thus far, appears to be theoretical. So far, the only coronavirus-related case the Justice Department has brought is a lawsuit against a website claiming to distribute coronavirus vaccines, which do not exist. State and local authorities, though, have used their own terrorism threat laws in coronavirus-related matters.

The New Jersey Attorney General’s Office, for example, announced Tuesday it had charged a Freehold, N.J., man with making terroristic threats and other, related crimes for allegedly coughing on a Wegmans employee and claiming he had the coronavirus.

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According to a news release, the employee was concerned that the man, 50-year-old George Falcone, was standing too close to her and an open food display and asked him to step back. Instead, according to the release, Falcone stepped forward, leaned toward her and coughed, laughing and saying he was infected with the coronavirus. He told two other employees they were lucky to have jobs, according to the release.

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A detective working a security detail approached Falcone, who only identified himself after about 40 minutes, according to the release. He was allowed to leave, though authorities later issued a summons for him to appear in court. Falcone referred a reporter to his attorney, who did not immediately return a message Wednesday morning.

Similarly, the Warren County, Mo., Prosecuting Attorney’s Office charged 26-year-old Cody Lee Pfister with making a terrorist threat after he posted a video online of himself licking merchandise in a Walmart, according to the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. According to the Dispatch, the video shows Pfister saying, “Who’s scared of coronavirus?” then licking a row of deodorant sticks. Efforts to locate a phone number for Pfister were unsuccessful.

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