Earlier this year, tribal leaders created The First American Project, a PAC co-founded by Quinault Indian Nation President Fawn Sharp and El Centro de la Raza Director Estela Ortega. Its launch intentionally coincided with the beginning of Initiative 1631’s campaign. The Affiliated Tribes of Northwest Indians also officially endorsed the initiative last month.

While a recent Crosscut/Elway poll reveals more support behind Initiative 1631 than 2016’s similar 2016 carbon tax, it’s also clear that better-funded carbon fee opponents are using their $20 million to increase efforts to persuade voters to vote ‘no.’

“The petroleum industry in Washington supports well designed, market-based programs to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,” the WSPA said in a statement to Crosscut. “Unfortunately, what I-1631 would impose in Washington will not meet the intended carbon reduction goals and, according to the Washington Policy Center, raise costs on consumers and industry. The better path to decreasing greenhouse gas emissions in the state is to reject this ill-conceived initiative and for interested parties to work together on a market-based program that provides real GHG reductions with cost certainty.”

The WSPA’s renewed push is part of the reason why Matthew Randazzo, campaign manager for the First American Project (and a critic of 2016’s carbon tax), thinks it’s a good idea to rally in front of the Western States Petroleum Association in the first place: He wants to show both who’s behind much of the No On 1631 campaign funding and put a face to who’s supporting the carbon fee.

“There’s multi-tribal support for this specific proposal,” Randazzo said. “For once, this was done right. This was done with legitimately detailed outreach over a longer period of time… it’s receiving unprecedented support because of this.”

Carbon fee supporters often point out that the initiative gathered diverse backing from groups that hadn’t supported all past attempts at curbing carbon emissions. The Affiliated Tribes of Northwest Indians, which represents 57 individual tribes, didn’t officially endorse 2016’s carbon tax initiative.

This time, tribes weighed in early on. Quinault tribal leaders penned a letter back in September 2017 detailing concerns that the carbon fee as written did not ask enough of emitters and that too little of its revenue would go to environmental projects. They’d planned to submit their own carbon-cutting proposal if nothing changed.

“During my presidency, I’ve had to declare four states of emergency,” Quinault President Fawn Sharp said, describing declining salmon populations and rising waters forcing village relocation. “For Quinault, [combating climate change] is about survival.”

By the following December, they’d reached an agreement with the Alliance for Jobs and Clean Energy, the authors of the initiative, and have been major proponents. The First American Project emerged from those successful discussions.

Randazzo says that The First American Project was modeled after a similar coalition of tribes formed in advance of the 2000 election called the First American Education Project. Back then, tribal leaders successfully came together to support the election of Maria Cantwell for senate.

Unlike that coalition, however, Sharp says that this group will stay after the election is over. Passing a carbon fee is its first goal, but she hopes to pursue other big projects once that’s done.

“We’re intending that I-1631 is just the first step,” she said. “We want to reawaken the power of tribes when we come together, united.”