During the last decade, an increasing number of studies have reported that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can enhance brain function in healthy individuals. The encouraging research findings have induced enthusiastic reactions first in the media, and later in the general public. tDCS was stamped as a miracle device, partially because it is an easy-to-use, low cost technology, and according to the results of the published research studies, assumed to be safe due to the absence of serious side-effects. These actualities have generated a growing ‘do-it-yourself’ market for building and/or using tDCS for home-use. However, the fact is that the effectiveness and generally, the underlying neuronal mechanisms of tDCS, have not been fully confirmed and understood, the effects are variable and on the cognitive level there are many contradictory results. On the academic level, these issues have generated a strong scientific debate over the use of tDCS for human enhancement including safety concerns, ethical issues, good scientific practice and legal regulations. The application of tDCS outside the laboratories is so far unregulated and it is not clarified yet, how the regulatory offices can ensure safe and responsible use tDCS in the growing ‘do-it-yourself’ community.