The judgment included several important directions to the local and state government in the protection of horses and other cattle – such as regulating the movement of horse-carts through licensing, and ensuring their healthcare and welfare.

While these directions are valid in ensuring the implementation of our existing statutes against animal cruelty, by holding errant government authorities accountable, the decision of the Court to issue the directions from a platform of legal personhood of animals is of particular interest in this judgment.

Persons under law are divided into natural persons (human beings) and juridical persons (entities which have been endowed with legal personality such as companies and foundations).