Four current senators ran for president this past year, but none of them received their party’s nomination. Since leaving the hills of Iowa and the frigid temperatures of New Hampshire and returning to their day jobs in Washington, D.C., what bills have these senators introduced?

Ted Cruz

Sen. Ted Cruz (R-TX) won the second-most number of delegates among Republican candidates, but he couldn’t stop the momentum of Donald Trump and dropped out on May 3. He is widely considered the most likely of the four senators who ran for president in 2016 to do so again in 2020, if the opportunity presents itself. Since dropping out, Cruz has introduced one bill, out of the 36 he has introduced this Congress: S. 3034, the Protecting Internet Freedom Act.

Since the early days of the Internet, the U.S. government has helped oversee the Internet domain name system which allows people to access most websites, through a subdivision of the Department of Commerce called the National Telecommunications and Information Administration. The Obama Administration has to decide by September 30 whether to privatize these functions and take it out of government’s hands. Cruz’s bill would prevent the NTIA from relinquishing its authority over the Internet domain name system unless explicitly authorized by Congress.

Cruz casts the bill as a necessary bulwark against foreign influence of an American-led communications medium. “The Obama administration is months away from deciding whether the United States Government will continue to provide oversight over core functions of the Internet and protect it from authoritarian regimes that view the Internet as a way to increase their influence and suppress freedom of speech,” said Cruz, citing Russia and China as examples. “This issue threatens not only our personal liberties, but also our national security.”

Opponents argue that privatization would “give oversight authority to those groups that represent the rich diversity of the Internet itself: business leaders, Internet engineers, academics, civil society, governments, end users and many others,” as a recent op-ed published in Politico by former Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff said. Some observers have also noted the irony that the self-proclaimed “anti-government” Cruz supports a bill that would retain partial government control over the Internet.

Bernie Sanders

Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-VT) has yet to end his presidential bid but has become mathematically incapable of winning the Democratic nomination through pledged delegates since May. Just like Cruz, he has only introduced one bill since that point in his race, out of the 30 bills he’s introduced this Congress. That would be S. 3044, the Puerto Rico Humanitarian Relief and Reconstruction Act.

Earlier this summer Congress was crafting a measure to help rescue Puerto Rico, the U.S. commonwealth suffering from an extreme debt burden far worse than any of the 50 states. Sanders opposed the compromise plan that gained traction, arguing that its emergency governing board would be led by Republicans and thus likely lead to unfair outcomes such as a lowering of the minimum wage in Puerto Rico. Sanders’ bill would have had the Federal Reserve take the lead on bailing out Puerto Rico, as they did in 2008–09 to (in the view of Sanders and many other progressives) help end the Great Recession.

Regardless, the consensus Puerto Rico bill — S. 2328, the Puerto Rico Oversight, Management, and Economic Stability Act — passed and was signed by President Obama in late June, rendering Sanders’ bill moot. The Senate voted 68–30, and of course Sanders voted in opposition.

Rand Paul

Libertarian Sen. Rand Paul (R-KY) was considered early on to be one of the biggest threats to capture the Republican nomination, but the exact opposite happened as he dropped out on February 3 after a disappointing finish in the Iowa caucuses, the first state to vote. Paul is running for reelection to a second term in the Senate this November, although his race is not considered to be competitive in a red state like Kentucky. Paul has introduced nine bills since dropping out of the presidential race, out of 59 bills he introduced during this Congress. Three of them are particularly controversial.

S. 2802, the Protecting Gun Rights and Due Process Act, is a Second Amendment-related bill to require any individual to be declared mentally incompetent before they can be added to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS), which is consulted when anybody tries to buy a gun. The bill raises the current threshold for preventing somebody from owning or purchasing a firearm. Paul’s bill would remove anybody no longer considered to be mentally incompetent (even if they used to be), remove all veterans no longer given that classification, and prevent the Social Security Administration from reporting anybody to the NICS unless the mental incompetence threshold is met.

S. 2695, the Anti-Trust Freedom Act, would legalize monopolies and trusts. For over a century, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has been in charge of preventing any companies from taking over (or almost taking over) an entire industry. The logic is that monopolies and trusts raise prices for consumers and strangle competition. Paul’s bill would repeal a hundred years’ worth of law under the belief that, as libertarian economist Logan Albright wrote in an op-ed supporting the bill, “[Paul’s] point is that voluntary economic transactions, where free people get together and choose to cooperate, shouldn’t be prohibited by the U.S. government. That just doesn’t make any sense from either a liberty, or an economic, point of view.”

S. 3041 is the Muhammad Ali Voluntary Service Act, introduced six days after the death of the namesake boxer who refused service into the military during the Vietnam War on religious grounds. The bill would end the Selective Service, the law under which all males age 18 to 26 have to register in event of a military draft. (And perhaps women soon too, depending on how the House votes on the issue.) Paul opposes this by arguing that being forced to fight in a war that you may disagree with against your will is one of the worst examples of government coercion against a free people. Most members of Congress in both parties disagree, with the Senate recently voting not to repeal the draft but actually expand it by having women register as well.

This article was written by GovTrack Insider staff writer Jesse Rifkin.