Rosalía’s take on flamenco is credited with refreshing the genre for a new generation. “She is bringing many young people to flamenco,” the journalist Silvia Cruz Lapeña said in a phone interview. Enric Palau, a director of Sónar, a music festival in Barcelona, Spain, said, “She could be the Rihanna of flamenco.”

Rosalía said her new record mixed tradition and innovation in a way that had not been done before in flamenco. “The music is connected with my roots, with my culture, but it’s also connected with the rest of the world,” she said.

Her music videos go heavy on remixed Spanish iconography: matadors flagging down motorbikes, pointy-hooded penitents skateboarding, dancers in streetwear, and shots that echo Goya. Musically, she interlinks flamenco’s complex, finger-clicking rhythms and intense style of singing with electronic styling and intricate layers of playful samples and slogans with attitude. The result is an original pop sound that has been called “millennial flamenco.”

The success of reggaeton from Latin America has already burst open the door for Spanish-language pop music on a global scale, but Rosalía is still something of an anomaly. She is one of the rare contemporary artists in Spain who have made an impact outside of the country, cultivating a fan base on her own via social media. Until August, when she signed with Sony, she had achieved that without the support of a major label.