The proposal, previewed by Kushner and other Trump aides in private briefings on Capitol Hill over the past week, already is facing skepticism from lawmakers in both political parties, and there appears to be no clear path toward advancing the plan through Congress.

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But White House aides emphasized that Trump is enthusiastically on board with an effort to demonstrate that he endorses legal immigration to help American companies even as he has railed against other groups, including immigrant families seeking asylum and refugees.

“This is his proposal,” said a senior administration official who, like others in this report, spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss private conversations. “He’s been intimately involved in crafting it. We’ve shown him kind of where some of the criticism might come from on the right, and his response is, ‘I’m happy to talk to them and I’ll convince them of why this is the right thing.’ ”

The rollout presents another test of Trump’s willingness to stump for a plan that could face opposition from border hawks and his ability to forge bipartisan support at a time when he has inflamed Democrats over unilateral immigration actions, including declaring a national emergency to pay for a border wall.

In past immigration debates, including the Senate’s deliberation over four bills in early 2018, Trump floated support for more liberal immigration positions only to quickly revert to his hard-line stance in the wake of criticism from conservatives.

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That has led to skepticism over just how far Trump will go to build support for a plan that White House aides said does not curtail the overall number of immigration green cards, a major goal of many border hawks.

In a memorial service for slain law enforcement officers Wednesday, Trump showed no signs that he would shift his tone about immigrants to build more moderate support. The president highlighted the case of Cpl. Ronil Singh of Newman, Calif., a police officer who authorities said was killed by an unauthorized immigrant from Mexico during a traffic stop in December.

Trump called the perpetrator a “vicious killer” who could have been kept out of the country by a border wall or “whatever the hell it takes.”

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“People are trying to come into our country because our country’s doing well,” Trump said. “They can’t come in like this killer came in.”

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Congress has not passed a major immigration bill in three decades, and efforts at comprehensive reform failed under Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama, both of whom emphasized the need to balance efforts to beef up enforcement with the need to expand legal pathways into the United States.

Trump’s administration has sharply curtailed the number of refugees in the country and has attempted repeatedly to strip asylum rights for a record number of Central American families that have crossed the U.S. border with Mexico.

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Although Trump has voiced support for a pathway to citizenship for many of the nation’s estimated 11 million undocumented immigrants, he has sought to pair legalization efforts with tough enforcement provisions, including a border wall, more Border Patrol officers and changes to U.S. laws aimed at speeding up deportations.

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The United States issues more than 1 million green cards each year granting foreigners legal permanent residency, of which about 140,000 are based on employment and the rest on family ties, refugees status and a diversity lottery.

The new White House plan would distribute more than half of the green cards to immigrants under a point system in which applicants are ranked on such criteria as professional skills, education levels, age and English ability, White House aides said.

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Another criterion, aides said, would be “patriotic assimilation,” a concept that would favor immigrants who had shown an active interest in incorporating the nation’s culture and way of life. One administration official offered an example in which green-card applicants would be required to pass an exam based on a reading of George Washington’s farewell address or Thomas Jefferson’s letter to the Danbury Baptist Association.

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The White House proposal also would seek to address the mounting border crisis, where the surge of families have overwhelmed the U.S. immigration system. And aides said the plan would call for modernizing legal ports of entry to help prevent the flow of illicit drugs and human trafficking, while also proposing changes to make U.S. asylum laws stricter — something Democrats have resisted.

But the White House officials said the plan does not address the fate of up to 2 million younger immigrants, known as “dreamers,” who have lived in the country illegally since they were brought in as children.

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Trump met with a dozen GOP senators at the White House last week and several emerged to characterized the plan as a “political document” that Republicans can rally around as Democrats seek to demonize the president on immigration ahead of the 2020 election.

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The White House proposal is “not designed to become law,” Sen. Lindsey O. Graham (R-S.C.), a Trump ally, said Wednesday at a news conference to unveil his own bill to deal with the border crisis.

Senate Minority Leader Charles E. Schumer (D-N.Y.) told reporters that the White House has “not even talked to Democrats” about the plan and expressed doubt that it would win support from his party.

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Trump plans to travel to New York on Thursday afternoon for a campaign fundraising event. But White House officials declined an invitation for the president to take part in the grand opening of a museum at the Statue of Liberty — an event expected to attract dignitaries to commemorate the landmark, dedicated nearly 133 years ago, that has long been an icon of the United States’ openness to immigrants.

Inside the White House, there is little expectation from Trump’s aides that the plan will move forward, one official said. The official described an ideological split between Kushner, whose immigration views are more moderate, and another senior White House adviser, Stephen Miller, a hard-liner who is privately opposed to much of the plan.

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White House officials have publicly disputed such characterizations, and Miller has joined Kushner for briefings to lawmakers in an effort to present a united front. Kushner has told others in the White House that Trump’s speech can set a different tone for the president on immigration, with the president laying out what he supports rather than reiterating the kind of immigration he opposes.

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A senior administration official said Kushner briefed the president at least twice on his plan, and was given verbal confirmation from Trump that the president “loved” it. Kushner, the official said, was determined to have the president forcefully say that before he presented publicly, fearful it could backfire.

“This is not a legislative vehicle,” said Mark Krikorian, executive director of the Center for Immigration Studies, which advocates for lower immigration levels. “Obviously, it isn’t going anywhere. It’s more of a campaign statement and an outline of what they like and what they don’t.”

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Trump has routinely railed about the potential dangers of immigrants during his rallies, and campaign aides have said that the harsh rhetoric is a key to rallying the president’s base in 2020.

But Christopher Ruddy, chief executive of Newsmax and a longtime Trump friend who has urged him to moderate his stance, said in an interview: “The base is already with him. He could become a little more open on the immigration issue. I think it’s going to be very critical in states like Florida and Arizona.”