The committee was authorized by John Canegata, who became the party chairman in 2012. “Our goal with this new federal account is to be effective in electing Republicans nationwide and to build some bridges from these ‘tiny insignificant islands’ that I love,” Mr. Canegata said in an email. “To that end we expect that most of our programs will be federal expenditures, although we will occasionally transfer money to the territorial account for local VIGOP activities.” As treasurer, Mr. MacKenzie “has no authority to spend or disburse funds,” he wrote. (See all of the committee’s expenditures.)

The committee’s existence does not appear to be well known among Republicans in the Virgin Islands, which is mostly made up of three islands: St. Thomas, St. Croix and St. John. Two former party leaders contacted by a reporter said they had no knowledge of the committee’s existence and painted a picture of a party in disarray since Mr. Canegata’s elevation as chairman. “I have never, ever heard of this,” said Herb Schoenbohm, the former party chairman, who now leads the St. Croix branch of the party organization.

The federal committee shares a post office box in Christiansted, a town on St. Croix, with Mr. Canegata, who also is a candidate for the territorial Senate. Mr. Canegata said the committee’s outward focus was partly a result of the political circumstances of the Virgin Islands: Democrats outnumber Republicans by 17 to 1 in the territory.

The bulk of the committee’s money comes in donations of less than $200, the reporting threshold for federal fund-raising, and VIGOP told the Federal Election Commission that it does not use its solicitations to register voters or advocate the election or defeat of any candidates. The donors are mostly described in F.E.C. filings as retirees and homemakers, and several have made multiple donations to the committee in the past four months. Most of them appear to have contributed to other Republican candidates and causes across the nation, suggesting that they have been regularly contacted by conservative political groups.