The $1.3 trillion spending plan passed early Friday by Congress delivered a broad rebuke to President Trump’s vision for shaking up government, ignoring many of his ideas for cutting domestic programs and, in some cases, expressly barring him from accomplishing his goals.

Last year, in his first budget request for fiscal 2018, Mr. Trump envisioned a drastic reordering of government priorities, in which a large increase in military spending would be matched by deep cuts to foreign aid, the diplomatic corps, education, environmental cleanup and other domestic programs — many of which he would eliminate.

The bill now heads to the president’s desk. Here’s a breakdown of what’s in it and what it means.

It’s not what the president was hoping for.

The package that will arrive on Mr. Trump’s desk this week for what he has conceded will be a grudging signature contains a sizable increase for the military but few of the reductions he had sought. It reflects the triumph of politically palatable bipartisan deals for lawmakers who are preparing to face voters in midterm elections over the audacious promises of a president who has styled himself as a change agent, but has been unable to persuade a Congress controlled by his own party.

The “big, beautiful wall”? Not this year. Deep cuts to environmental programs, clean energy initiatives and biomedical research? Congress said no, thanks. Zeroing out federal arts programs? Lawmakers gave them a modest increase.