Two years after Google first announced its plans for Chrome OS, the first computer to ship with the software is finally available to consumers. The product is the $499 Samsung Series 5 Chromebook, a 12.1-inch laptop with mid-range pricing and netbook-like hardware specifications. We got our hands on one this week and took it for a test drive.

Chrome OS is a Linux-based operating system that is built around Google's open source Chrome Web browser. The minimalist software platform leaves out practically everything other than the Web browser, eschewing the conventional window and desktop paradigm.

We took a close look at Chrome OS in our review of Google's Cr-48 prototype earlier this year. Although that device shipped with an early, unfinished version of the operating system, most of the observations that we made about the software and user experience still stand and are applicable to Samsung's Chromebook. However, the latest version of the operating system has brought some modest improvements and a newer version of the Chrome browser.

Rather than focusing on the software stack like we did earlier, this article will focus principally on the Samsung Series 5 hardware and the aspects of the software stack that have changed since our last look. You might want to take a look at that article before reading this one.

Hardware







The Series 5 contains netbook-class hardware components. It is powered by a dual-core 1.66 GHz Intel Atom N570 and has 2GB of RAM. It has a 12.1-inch display, a 16GB SSD for internal storage, a 1MP webcam mounted in the bezel, and a 6-cell battery rated for up to 8.5 hours of use.

The screen is LED-backlit and has a matte finish. Samsung says that its color is 40 percent brighter than average displays and that it has a special anti-reflective coating for superior visibility under direct sunlight. Although it is indeed very bright, the viewing angle and color consistency are a bit mediocre. The brightness washes out dark colors, especially in the bottom left and right corners.

The right edge of the laptop has an exposed USB port and a covered SIM card slot. The left edge has a headphone jack, the power socket, and a covered area with an additional USB port and a non-standard video output port. The video output port requires a separate dongle that serves as a VGA adapter, included with the laptop.

The build quality of the case is quite good, though not as high as my HP Mini netbook. There are two color options for the lid: titan silver and arctic white. Samsung gave us the arctic white version (this model was given to all Google I/O attendees), which has a glossy Storm Trooper aesthetic and tends to pick up dirt really easily. The lid has a Samsung logo and a Chrome logo with a raised plastic version of the browser's colored ball icon.

The Series 5 Chromebook is 11.68" by 8.6" and 0.8" deep. The depth is consistent across the length of the device—it isn't tapered in a teardrop shape. It weighs in at 3.3 pounds. That makes it slightly smaller than a conventional laptop, but it's still a bit too big to be characterized as a netbook or ultraportable. By comparison, the 13-inch MacBook Air is 0.68" deep at its thickest point and is 2.96 pounds.

The Chromebook has a full-sized keyboard with chiclet-style flat keys. It's practically identical to the similarly excellent keyboard on the Cr-48, but with a subtly different texture on the keys themselves. As we wrote in our Cr-48 review, the size and spacing of the keys is excellent—and very conducive to comfortable typing. The only thing that could make the keyboard better would be backlighting.

Just like the Cr-48, the Series 5 Chromebook's keyboard layout has been tailored for Chrome OS. The Windows key is absent and it has a "search" key instead of the traditional Capslock. Instead of classic FN keys, the top row has specialized function keys—the same ones as the Cr-48—for actions like refreshing the page, switching between windows, and adjusting the audio volume or screen brightness.

The Chromebook's touchpad is massive—slightly larger than the one on the Cr-48. It can be pressed down as a single button to activate a click. It has some basic multitouch support—you can do two-finger scrolling, two-finger right-click, and three-finger middle-click. Alas, it doesn't support three-finger swiping for backward and forward.

One of our biggest complaints about the Cr-48 was the touchpad's extremely poor handling of multitouch gestures. It was very finicky and easily confused. Scrolling and performing a right-click were difficult at best. I was pleased to discover that these issues have been fixed on the Series 5 Chromebook. The touchpad works as expected and hasn't presented any problems.

Software

The Chrome OS software platform is obviously the key feature of the Series 5 Chromebook. We spent a few days putting the software through its paces to see how the operating system has evolved since our review of the Cr-48. The bottom line is that little has changed on the surface—the software environment on the Series 5 is still basically the same as the Cr-48, but with some bug fixes and extra polish. Due to the similarity, we will mainly focus on what has changed and what major limitations have yet to be fixed.

The operating systems boots in about 10 seconds and resumes quickly from a suspended state. The user logs into the system with a Google account, which is used to sync their Chrome settings. The software environment consists almost entirely of Chrome browser windows. You can see one full-screen window at a time, but you can create as many tabs and windows as you want.

The individual Chrome windows sort of behave like workspaces that you switch between to see different tabs. In addition to the traditional alt+tab keyboard shortcut and a special window switching key, you can now also switch between windows by clicking an icon in the status area of the tab bar. The icon for window switching appears to be a new addition since our initial Cr-48 review.

Sadly, the major limitations of the Chrome OS windowing system have not been remedied. As we complained in our Cr-48 review, the platform still doesn't offer the ability to move tabs between windows or snap a tab out of a window to form a new workspace. It also doesn't provide a way to view two webpages side by side. You can find some third-party extensions that address some of these issues, but the lack of proper built-in tab and window management capabilities really cripple the user experience. It's disappointing that Google still hasn't rectified these basic weaknesses.

Like the Cr-48, the Series 5 Chromebook also has a command line terminal for power users. You can launch a terminal window by pressing the ctrl+alt+t shortcut. The terminal uses a custom shell called "crosh" that is heavily locked down. The only available commands are a few network diagnostic tools and an ssh client.

The Series 5 comes with integrated support for Flash, using version 10.2 of the Flash runtime. Most of the Flash content that we tested worked properly, but not all. We encountered some rendering problems with Trillian's Flash-based Web client, for example. Flash performance on the Series 5 is basically what you would expect with netbook-class hardware—not very good. Scrolling noticeably lags on pages with multiple embedded Flash items.

In addition to Flash, the other plugins that are installed by default are the O3D plugin, a Google Talk plugin, and the Chrome PDF viewer. Like the Cr-48, the Series 5 Chromebook disappointingly lacks support for Google's NaCl browser plugin by default. There is a toggle item to activate it in the about:flags hack set, but doing so doesn't appear to have any effect on its availability. The demos I tested would not work.

The area where Chrome OS has seen the most drastic improvements since our Cr-48 review is in its handling of external storage media. The file management interface has matured and is now fully functional. It can also read files from SD cards without any problems.

As a test, I inserted an SD card with the photos for this article into the Series 5 Chromebook and managed to upload them to Dropbox through the Web browser. That's a step forward from the earlier versions of the software.

Conclusion

Although the simplicity and portability of the Chrome OS cloud model are intriguing, the software environment simply isn't competitive with more conventional Linux netbook platforms. There are too many limitations and compromises that undermine the user experience that Google is trying to convey.

Modern standards-based Web technologies have advanced to the point where the open Web is finally becoming a robust medium for expressing modern software experiences, but the browser by itself makes for a poor desktop environment. The constraints of the browser-centric desktop model are even more limiting in Chrome OS because it's missing some of the basic window and tab management features that you would get if you used Chrome on a more conventional software platform.

Even for users who are ready to abandon native desktop applications and do everything with a browser, the functional deficiencies of the approach that Google has taken with Chrome OS make it a poor solution. I was more inclined to give Chrome OS the benefit of the doubt when it was still a pre-release experiment, but I don't think that Google has done enough to advance the platform and strengthen its weak points since the Cr-48.

Despite the problems, there are still audiences that will find value in the product. The security advantages, which we discussed at length in our Cr-48 review, are still very appealing. Moving away from native third-party software and using the browser to mediate the entire user experience has allowed Google to lock down Chrome OS in ways that would likely not be possible with other platforms. It's easily more secure than Android and is arguably even more secure than iOS.

Another key advantage is user transparency. Shifting all of the data to the cloud and using standard Google accounts as a login mechanism means that practically anyone can pick up a Chrome OS system and use it. They are fully interchangeable between individual users, which means that provisioning is a lot simpler in environments where there are a lot of users. The month-to-month pricing options that Google announced at the I/O conference further cement that audience as a major target for the platform.

That said, the regular pricing on the Series 5 Chromebook is not particularly competitive. At $499 for the 3G-enabled model, a conventional netbook or low-cost laptop ends up being a better value.