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What is the context of this research?

Our lives are very efficient. We drive everywhere, take the elevator or escalator, and sit at desks all day. This has severely curtailed our physical activity (1), while at the same time, our body weight and prevalence of individuals who are overweight and obese has increased (2). This is critically important because being overweight/obese and/or physically inactive significantly increase our health risks (3). Currently, obese men and women achieve 14-23 minutes of moderate activity (such as walking) and 0.25-0.5 minutes of vigorous activity (such as jogging) per day, far below public health guidelines (4). It is possible that many of these individuals have an aversion to physical activity as they may perceive it as too hard, too painful, or unpleasant (5).

What is the significance of this project?

I have previously shown in healthy individuals, caffeine consumed before exercise (one hour of moderately hard cycling) caused exercise to feel easier and more enjoyable (6). I also have a similar project currently underway in overweight/obese individuals and we are seeing similar trends in our results. Thus, providing measured doses of caffeine as a way to "dope" people into participating in more activity could be a potential public health strategy to increase participation in moderate/vigorous exercise (7), which has a number of well known health benefits. Results from this study and prior research will be used to prepare an application to the National Institutes of Health to examine caffeine's ability to increase adherence to a structured exercise program.



What are the goals of the project?

The primary goal of this study is to determine if caffeine supplementation can increase physical activity. Participants will be individuals who do not meet existing physical activity guidelines of 150 minutes of moderate exercise/week. Weight status and body mass index will not determine eligibility. All participants will be screened using a health history questionnaire to make sure they are healthy enough for moderate exercise. Participants have a 50/50 chance of receiving caffeine treatment or a placebo. They will receive 2 doses per day for 12 weeks. Doses will be equivalent to about 2 cups of strong black coffee (200-300 milligrams/dose). They will be asked to take one dose in the morning and another in the afternoon.