The video, viewed millions of times on social networks, prompted an outcry from the Israeli public at the supposed humiliation of a heavily armed soldier, tasked with enforcing his nation’s military rule over Palestinian civilians in the occupied West Bank, backing away from a physical confrontation with a 16-year-old girl.

An Israeli military court sentenced Ahed Tamimi, a teenage Palestinian activist, to eight months in jail on Wednesday for slapping an Israeli soldier during a confrontation outside her family home in the occupied West Bank that was streamed live on Facebook . The girl’s mother, Nariman, was convicted of incitement for sharing the recording online, and also sentenced to eight months in prison.

The mother and daughter have both been held in pretrial detention since December.

Gaby Lasky, the Tamimis’s lawyer, told the Israeli magazine +972 in January that even charging Ahed’s mother with incitement for her live video broadcast was “very dangerous for freedom of the press.” Nariman had begun filming the soldier and a colleague standing in her family’s backyard several minutes before her daughter and a cousin approached them and tried to shove the Israelis off the property.

The ruling could have a chilling effect not just on journalists, but also on Palestinian activists who routinely record their encounters with Israeli troops, both to document abuses and to provide a measure of accountability. Several years ago, the Israeli rights group B’Tselem, which works to monitor the day-to-day reality of the occupation many Israelis ignore, provided cameras to Nariman Tamimi and another relative in the village of Nabi Saleh.

Such videos have drawn international attention to Israel’s ongoing occupation and prompted conspiracy theories among far-right Israelis who maintain that every unflattering glimpse of daily realities in the occupied West Bank must be, somehow, staged for the cameras by Palestinians. After Ahed’s arrest, Israel’s former ambassador to the United States, Michael Oren, admitted that he had even conducted a secret investigation into claims that the Tamimis are not a real family, but a troupe of actors paid to pretend that the occupation of their land upsets them.

Ahed told the court that her anger at the soldiers was motivated not by her mother’s camera, but the fact that their unit had just shot her 15-year-old cousin Mohammed in the head during a protest.

Israeli military courts have reportedly charged dozens of young Palestinians with incitement based on their Facebook posts in the past three years. On Thursday, another young woman, Yasmin Abu Srur from Bethlehem, was reportedly sentenced to seven months in jail for a Facebook post.