New York • As sex abuse scandals continue to buffet the Roman Catholic Church, U.S. Catholics are steadily losing confidence in Pope Francis’ handling of the crisis, according to a new survey by the Pew Research Center.

The survey, released Tuesday, found that 31 percent of U.S. Catholics felt the pope was doing an excellent or good job in addressing the issue, down from 45 percent in January and 55 percent in 2015.

Sex-abuse scandals have plagued the Catholic Church worldwide for decades, but events this year — several with direct U.S. connections — have elevated the issue to crisis-level at the Vatican and sown discord among church leaders in the U.S.

In August, a grand jury report in Pennsylvania detailed decades of abuse and cover-up in six dioceses, alleging that more than 1,000 children had been abused through the years by about 300 priests.

In July, Pope Francis removed U.S. church leader Theodore McCarrick as a cardinal after church investigators said an allegation that he groped a teenage altar boy in the 1970s was credible. Subsequently, several former seminarians and priests reported that they too had been abused or harassed by McCarrick as adults.

The Vatican has aggravated that scandal by refusing to respond to assertions by a retired ambassador, Archbishop Carlo Maria Vigano, that Francis and other Vatican officials before him covered up for McCarrick.

For the survey, Pew conducted telephone interviews with 1,754 American adults, including 336 Catholics, from Sept. 18-24. Among the public as a whole, about half said they viewed the pope favorably — the lowest rating Francis has received in a Pew survey since he became pope in 2013.

Among U.S. Catholics, 72 percent said they viewed Francis favorably overall. But 62 percent said he was doing an “only fair” or “poor” job handling the sex abuse scandals, including 36 percent who said his efforts have been poor. That’s nearly double the share who said he was doing a poor job at the beginning of this year.

Until now, Francis has generally earned higher favorability ratings from Americans than his predecessor, Pope Benedict XVI. In the new survey, Francis’ favorability rating is on par with the typical ratings for Benedict.