In most cases, the scams produce fake alerts that claim your PC is infected or hacked, and urge you to call a toll-free number for help. They sometimes even include a countdown to make it seem like your files will vanish if you don't act. If you're spooked enough to call, you promptly talk to telemarketers posing as technicians (usually from Microsoft or Apple) who will insist your system is compromised and offer to either repair or protect your system if you pay hundreds of dollars. You probably aren't the sort to be tricked if you're reading this, but the fraud clearly capitalizes on the fears of less tech-savvy people.

This action definitely isn't going to put an end to the shady behavior when all it takes is a semi-plausible web ad and a few people working the phones. However, it does show that the FTC is making a concerted effort to clamp down on these questionable pop-ups, and it might deter some of those perpetrators who assume their combination of anonymity and scare tactics will keep them safe.