BERLIN — The coming decade will be a hopeful one if the people of Germany come together to fight climate change, support development in Africa, and thwart hate and anti-Semitism at home, Chancellor Angela Merkel told her nation on Tuesday in her 15th annual New Year’s speech.

“The ’20s can be good years,” she said. “Let’s surprise ourselves once again with what we can do.”

It’s a tall order.

While many in the country saw a strong youth protest movement as a hopeful sign and a slowdown in the arrival of new refugees to the country as the defusing of a crisis, 2019 was a difficult year for Germany. It brought the rise of far-right extremism, a slowing economy and an increasingly fraught relationship with major trading partners, including the United States.

And overarching all of that is the threat of climate change, with Germany experiencing record-breaking temperatures and extreme droughts, floods and snowstorms in the past decade.