LONDON (Reuters) - The United Kingdom and the European Union have made progress on a deal to give London’s dominant financial centre basic access to EU markets after Brexit, two British officials said, but no agreement has yet been clinched.

The deal being discussed would be based on the EU’s existing system of financial market access known as ‘equivalence’ - a watered-down relationship that officials in Brussels have said all along is the best arrangement that Britain can expect.

The Times newspaper said a tentative deal had been reached on all aspects of a future partnership on services, as well as exchange of data and including what would amount to a concession from the EU on bending the ‘equivalence’ rules.

Officials in Brussels and London said The Times report was wrong. The newspaper said it stood by the story.

“We are making progress,” a British official, who spoke on condition of anonymity, told Reuters. A second British official said that, while there was progress, nothing was finalised.

A spokesman for Prime Minister Theresa May said reports of a deal were speculation and that Britain wanted to go beyond the existing equivalence regimes.

The European Commission said a future financial services agreement would be discussed only after a Brexit divorce deal has been finalised.

Talks over a broader deal are mired in a disagreement over an Irish backstop - an insurance policy to ensure there will be no return of controls on the border between EU member Ireland and the British province of Northern Ireland if a future trading relationship is not in place in time.

Many top bankers fear Brexit will slowly undermine London’s position as the world’s biggest international financial centre, and a Reuters survey found that, so far, just over 600 are moving away.

Global banks have already reorganised some operations before Britain’s departure from the EU on March 29.

The pound jumped following The Times report, reaching $1.2905 GBP=D3 by 1150 GMT and extending gains after the Bank of England hinted at a slightly faster pace of interest rate increases.

But BoE Governor Mark Carney also warned that all bets were off if next March brought a “disruptive” EU departure.

Britain is currently home to the world’s largest number of banks and hosts the largest commercial insurance market.

Canary Wharf skyline and the City of London can be seen from the Sea Containers building in London, Britain, October 11, 2018. REUTERS/Henry Nicholls

About six trillion euros (£5.26 trillion) or 37 percent, of Europe’s financial assets are managed in the UK capital, almost twice the amount of its nearest rival, Paris.

In addition, London dominates Europe’s 5.2 trillion euro investment banking industry. New York is bigger, but centred on American markets.

BREXIT AND THE CITY

Since Britain voted to leave the EU in 2016, some of the world’s most powerful finance companies in London have been seeking ways to preserve the existing cross-border flow of trading.

The arrangements being discussed fall far short of that.

Banks and insurers in Britain currently enjoy unfettered access to customers across the bloc in all financial activities.

Equivalence covers a more limited range of business and excludes major activities such as commercial bank lending.

Britain’s aim for financial services was “to go beyond existing EU equivalence regimes and agree a new economic and regulatory partnership”, a spokesman for May said. “This would be based on the principle of autonomy for each side over decisions regarding access to its market.”

Under the current system, Brussels can scrap an equivalence designation within 30 days in some cases - a step it has never taken - and Britain has called for a far longer notice period.

The Times reported that neither side would unilaterally deny market access without first going through independent arbitration and providing significantly longer notice.

EU Brexit negotiator Michel Barnier denied the report, saying only that Brussels could grant and withdraw equivalence for some financial services on its own.

Barnier said that the equivalence regime, which the EU has been offering Britain since July, could only ever be unilateral.

Supporters of Brexit had hoped that leaving the EU would allow them to dispense with EU rules such as caps on bankers’ bonuses to turbo-charge London as a financial hub.

Britain’s Financial Conduct Authority said on Wednesday that UK and EU financial rules should stay aligned after Brexit, a basic condition for Brussels to grant equivalence.

Faced with having Europe’s biggest financial centre on its doorstep, the EU has begun tightening conditions for equivalence in areas such as clearing derivatives and investment banking.