"I came by choice from Morocco, equipped with a fair idea of Western societies," he said. "But until now I can't understand what they mean by integration. I want to be a Muslim living in Holland. But that does not mean I want to melt completely in this society and disappear, which is what the Dutch want. When I say that I speak to my children in Arabic, they answer: you are a racist. I am just trying to teach them some of the tradition."

Amizian El Hussein, 51, an unskilled Moroccan laborer, came to the Netherlands three decades ago. "I don't know if we changed or the Dutch have changed," he said. "When I came here I didn't think much of religion. Like most who came here, I was illiterate, but the living was good and there was no friction. They treated us well, and we behaved better than the young generation now.

"I now find myself praying regularly," he added. "My children have had problems in school. Some have dropped out. So now, when I look back, I can't blame it on the Dutch really, but it is true they have become resentful of foreigners and we are not doing as well as we used to." Integrated A Job Can Make All the Difference

Leila Yehiawi, 36, a sociologist in Marseilles, is a daughter of an illiterate Algerian father who is now retired from working as a laborer. She is part of the second generation that has emerged as the heart of Europe's Muslim communities.

Unlike many of her generation, she is highly educated and successful. Fluent in French, which she speaks with a native Marseilles accent, Ms. Yehiawi considers herself well integrated but deeply committed to the North African immigrants who did not make the transition into French society.

She works as a teacher and counselor at Lycee Jacques Raynaud, a vocational training school whose 250 students are largely Muslims who dropped out of other schools.

"My students accuse me of being a traitor because the image I reflect is one of success in an atmosphere of failure," she said. "Many of these kids come from homes where both parents are unemployed. They are lost as second-class citizens to whom France is inaccessible. Some adopt Islam as an exhibitionist factor to signal discontent, but, in reality, they are yearning to be equal citizens. Their problem is idleness and deprivation."