Sensitive personal data including the drug-use history of Susan E. Rice, President Obama’s top national-security adviser, has been exposed by the publication of hacked emails from Hillary Clinton’s campaign chairman.

WikiLeaks published information disclosing Ms. Rice’s Social Security number, passport number, stock holdings, cell phone number, and a personal history in which she acknowledged past use of marijuana. It also contains details of her medical history.

The documents include one in which Ms. Rice admitted on a security clearance form that she smoked marijuana for “recreational use” until 1990. A former Clinton administration official, Ms. Rice said that she smoked marijuana “very infrequently” from October 1982 until June 1990, according to the documents.

“Rare recreational use of marijuana prior to and in 1990. None since 1990,” she wrote on the form.

Mr. Obama also has acknowledged smoking marijuana regularly as a teen in Hawaii.

WikiLeaks has been publishing thousands of emails hacked from the personal account of John Podesta, who is Mrs. Clinton’s campaign chairman and served as Mr. Obama’s counselor earlier in his second term.

Ms. Rice served as U.S. ambassador to the U.N. in Mr. Obama’s first term. She was the leading candidate to replace Mrs. Clinton as secretary of State in 2013, but withdrew from consideration after a political furor over her role in promoting the administration’s “talking points” on the Benghazi disaster that blamed the terrorist attacks on a spontaneous anti-U.S. protest over a video.