The murder was one of at least four killings connected to Turkish gangs in north London in the past three years in which black teenagers were used as guns-for-hire. The case is similar to the murder of Ahmet Paytak, 50, a shopkeeper from Holloway, a year earlier. Michael James, a 31-year-old black man who drove the killer to the scene on his motorbike, was convicted of murder. The pillion rider remains at large.