[n. 1]Turkey and Iran are good performers.[n. 2] Seven of the top forty countries in R&D expenditure are Muslim, with total spending predicted at $41 billion (2014).Turkey and Iran are good performers.

Science and R&D Spending:— Out of the top forty R&D nations, seven are from the Islamic world (representing some 608 million Islamic citizens[n. 3]), with Turkey topping the list at number twenty in terms of dollar by dollar investment, spending approximately $10-11 billion dollars (exactly the same amount as the apartheid state of Israel) from 2012 to 2014 per year.[1] As a fraction of the Turkish GDP (PPP) this translates to around 0.9%, compared to the apartheid state of Israel's 4.2%.[1] Turkey, in order to compete will need to spend around four times as much on science, and needs raising their figure to $40-44 billion dollars in 2014 as opposed to the $11 billion dollars it currently has.[1] However there are already some indications showing that this combined figure may already be dented through sanctions against Iran for it simply wanting to develop nuclear weapons for self defense.[2] In total R&D spending in 2012 was $35 billion but by 2014 it is expected to rise to $41 billion.[n. 4][1] According to the report minus the global top forty largest R&D spenders global spending is only 0.4%.[1] The average spending of the Muslim world in the top forty alone is between 0.817%-0.914%;[n. 5][1] better than the rest of the world (excluding the top forty) but half as good as the top forty average of 2.0%.[1] Global spending is 1.8% in total.[1] Other sources claim global spending is around 2.43% and the total R&D expenditure of the OIC is 0.81% of GDP.[3] Science spending is low, not because of lack of ability, but simply because of a lack of interest.[4]