Israel spends over 4% of its annual economic output on research and development (R&D), according to the OECD, a rich-country think-tank. Nearly 80% of that money comes from businesses. By comparison, Canada spends just 1.9% of its GDP on R&D, with 38% coming from higher education and non-profit organisations. Switzerland got more bang for its R&D buck than any other country between 2007 and 2009, filing 38 patents per million people per year for every percentage point of GDP spent. By the same measure, Australia filed just six patents a year on average in that period. Over the past decade South Korea has increased its R&D spending at the fastest rate in the OECD.