The Rothschild Dynasty

by Dr. John Coleman

Table of Contents

Dr. John Coleman, author of The Committee of 300, tells how Mayer Amschel, the founder of the "Red Shield" dynasty acquired his first fortune. It is a far cry from the myths and legends that still surround the man who began as a rag and bone merchant and pawnbroker, working out of a small house on Judenstrasse, Frankfurt on the Main, Germany, where he lived with his wife and family.

The events attributed to history are often caused by a "hidden hand" pulling the strings of kings, princes and potentates from behind the scenes. The phenomena is explained and the legends that have grown up around the Rothschilds are demolished by this book that also reveals the Rothschild's intriguing that brought down men like Napoleon and Tsar Alexander II of Russia.

Legends has it that Mayer Amschel Rothschild's "genius and financial skills" were inherited by his sons, but the truth is quite a different story, as Dr. Coleman makes very clear in this well documented account that goes far beyond the best known legends cloaking the true character of the family.

Exactly how Mayer Amschel Rothschild "stuck it lucky" and the steps he took that brought the family from obscurity to "virtual rulers of all Europe", makes fascinating reading.

This outstanding book is not only about the past, it is also about the present and the future. It will help to explain many of the events that perplex the ordinary people like the war in Iraq and the war threats against Iran.

Foreword

The Rothschild family generally taken to mean the father and his five sons is truly a story of opportunity seized; a determined will to carry out its gains and its entry into a world of the aristocracy that did not want them.

Some might consider it effrontery to talk about the huge fortune that fell into the hands and the control of Mayer Amschel Rothschild as an "opportunity", while others regard it as nothing less than misappropriation of funds entrusted to his care, hardly an "opportunity" in the generally accepted meaning of the word.

Nevertheless, for Mayer Amschel it was a godsend that lifted him out of a life of pawn-broking and selling second-hand goods, to the highest echelons of power, a remarkable achievement when one considers the history of the period, in which Jews were constrained by many civil laws designed to act as a permanent barrier between them and the people of the principalities and nations in which they lived. Class distinction was another huge barrier, which would have been daunting for even a non-Jew who was not a part of the ruling aristocracy.

Mobility of classes was unheard of and separation was harsh and strictly enforced, especially in Frankfurt on the Main, Germany, where the Rothschild dynasty began its remarkable history.

Mayer Amschel Rothschild had little if any formal education; his family did not have a motto, but what he did have was tenacity of purpose and a strong belief in his religion. His was a bourgeois home, an "alien" home in the alien ghetto of Frankfurt.

Through guile, and what some unkind critics called "innate cunning", Mayer Amschel Rothschild reached right into the heady world of aristocratic families who shunned him, and who indeed, despised him. But for the "good fortune" (or "misfortune" - depending on which side one is on) of meeting the Landgrave of Hesse, Mayer Amschel Rothschild would have remained an obscure pawnbroker and peddler of rags and bones for the rest of his life.

It was not necessary for him to identify himself as a Jew, of which descent he was proud, nor did Mayer Amschel ever attempt to hide his origin. On the contrary, he was proud of it, even in the face of relentless opposition to the Jews of Frankfurt, which extended to all the nations of Europe.

England, the most "civilized " of European nations as history will have us believe, was particularly fierce in its opposition to Jews. Even its leading figures, educated men, were not averse to referring to Jews in the most unflattering of terms. For instance, Lord Gladstone often referred to Disraeli, the "valet" of the Rothschilds, as "that loathsome Jew" according to Gladstone's biographer, Edward Freeman.

Bishop Wilberforce called Disraeli "an Eastern Jew" in an unflattering manner. Bismarck called him "the Hebrew conjurer" and Carlyle labeled him as "the absurd Jew boy."

I mention these things as examples to show what tremendous odds were faced by Jews, even the educated among them who aspired to power in the business and financial world of the 18th and 19th centuries. Some historians and writers charge that the Rothschilds fabricated their history and their achievements to ascend to power.

No major event in Europe happened without involvement of the Rothschilds

Their compelling presence has made a vast difference to history and it can be rightly proclaimed that no major event in the political and economic life of the nations of Europe did not somehow or somewhere involve the Rothschilds, even though deeply hidden and however indirect it may have been.

In the minds of many, the Rothschilds will always be associated with immense wealth, but it is the power, brought by that wealth, which is not as well recognized as it ought to be. For the Rothschilds did not seek a vast fortune just to be able to live a life of ease.

They sought wealth for what it would bring in the way of control of the leading power brokers of all nations, through whom they exercised control of nations, which extends even to this day.

The Rothschilds did not live in a vacuum; rather they affected millions of lives. Lionel Rothschild liked to think of himself as unique, and perhaps this is true. It is true that like his brothers, he was uniquely rich, but how rich was never made public.

One thing is not true; the Rothschilds did not make a fortune out of inflation of the currency of the nations among whom they lived. There are no real benchmarks to guide us into the true character of the members of the Rothschild family and what drove them to an obsession with money and insatiable appetites for power.

For the most part we are left to guess at what went on in the minds of this powerful family who were determined to become the hidden rulers of Europe and Great Britain, and indeed, the world. It was not that they were aided by good looks or a pleasing manner of speech like the natural attributes of the Irish race.

On the contrary, they were by all accounts distinctly ugly in appearance and coarse in manner. Meyer Amschel spoke in guttural Frankfurt Yiddish, a mixture of Polish and German with expressions drawn from the Hebrew language.

The education he gave his children did not extend beyond the rudimentary synagogue school they attended. Intellectualism was in any case prohibited to the Jews of Frankfurt who were not allowed to share in the Age of Enlightenment that swept Europe.

Mayer Amschel remained true to the instructions of the Talmud and honored all of its traditions, instructing his children to do likewise. He in no way altered his life style once fame and fortune was his. The clothes he and his sons wore were often worn until threadbare.

There are very unkind references to this fact in many of the papers and documents in the British Museum, some of them highly derogatory. It is alleged in one account by Cherep-Spiridovich that Mayer Amschel never changed his underwear and wore the same garments "until they fell off him."

Writers like John Reeves, Demachy and Spiridovich conclude, in the words of the latter, that to the "political phases of this sinister and fatal family could be attributed at least one half of the all the bloodshed and calamities that have befallen the nations since 1770."

Others, like the Editor of the Chicago Tribune who knew something was going on, but could not put names to it, wrote on July 22, 1922:

Our statesmen are children compared with theirs. A foremost place in world affairs is offered us time and again. It is thrown into our laps, and through plain stupidity, we reject it.

The question is: "Did we reject it, or did some hidden force prevent us from seizing the initiative?"

Nietzsche, the German philosopher in his work The Dawn of Day wrote:

One of the spectacles which the next century will invite us to witness is the decision regarding the fate of the Jews. It is quite obvious now that they have cast their die and crossed the Rubicon; the only thing that remains for them is to either become the masters of Europe or to lose Europe, as they once lost Egypt, where they were confronted by similar alternatives... Europe may some day fall into their hands like ripe fruit, if they do not clutch it too eagerly.

Those who have researched Nietzsche say he was referring to the Rothschilds, but I could find no evidence to back up this claim, although it would seem to fit the pattern of that famous family.

Many of their secrets remained totally hidden

Many of their secrets remained totally hidden and may never be revealed. The frustration with such secrecy is revealed in the words of the French statesman, Lamartine:

We wish to break every kind of yoke, yet there is one that is unseen, yet weighs on us. Whence comes it? Where is it? No one knows, or at least, no one tells. The association is secret even for us, the veterans of secret societies.

The French Minister for Foreign Affairs, G. Hanotoux wrote in 1878 of this hidden hand as a "mysterious force ruling politics and muddling the cards of diplomacy."

Many of these mysteries were fully cleared up by Disraeli in his novel Coningsby, which was but a thinly veiled account of the doings of the Rothschilds. Disraeli had to disguise many of the facts as fiction, lest the wrath of men should explode upon the revelations it contained.

"Sidonia" was undoubtedly Lionel Rothschild and Coningsby, but a fictionalized account of his deeds:

When he was nineteen, Sidonia who had then resided with his uncle at Naples, made a long visit to another of his father's relatives at Frankfurt. Between Paris and Naples, Sidonia passed two years. It was impossible to penetrate him. His frankness was strictly limited to the surface. He observed everything, though over-cautious, but avoided serious discussion. He was a man without affection.

Karl Rothschild lived in Naples, and Mayer Amschel lived in Frankfurt, so it does not take much to conclude, that "Sidonia" was Lionel Rothschild, and thus concluding, we obtain from Coningsby, one of the best and most accurate detailed accounts of the Rothschilds and their rise to power possibly ever written.

The Rothschild Dynasty Note of Explanation

Please note that sources and references are mentioned in the text. I felt that this would make reference easy and obviate having to search through a separate list of notes, with a loss of continuity.

In this I have followed the method and style of several authors of the Victorian era who found it the best way to continue with the narrative without the necessity of having to stop and consult and find the particular source. I hope that you too, will find this method easy to follow rather, than the traditional method.

One other important point: I want it to be understood that this work should not and cannot be construed as "anti-Jewish" or "anti-Semitic." It is neither. Rather it is a factual account of a family that happened to be Jews, and who themselves, made no secret of it. To write otherwise, would be like attempting to write an account of the Zulu King Chaka, with out saying that Chaka was a black African king.

How a rag and bone merchant became one of the richest men in the world

Chapter 1

There is probably no name in international banking as well known as the Rothschild name, and yet so little of the true history of this family is known. There are many legends, myths and fanciful tales, but not much of the true character of this family, that changed the course of history who bought and sold statesman, kings, dukes and bishops, as if they were mere commodities, to be cast aside like worn out shoes and old clothes when they had served their purposes.

The family is said to have caused revolutions, wars and upheavals that altered the face of Europe, the Far East and the United States, forever .

The purpose of this book is to explore the Rothschild history and to come to grips with what their plan was for the world. The Rothschilds are Jews, a fact they never sought to conceal or downplay.

Throughout history, from India to Babylon to Palestine in ancient times, money matters have always been principally the trade of the Jews. In the money markets of Frankfurt, London, New York and Hong Kong, the Jewish financier predominated.

By 1917 they were strung out across the world. On the stock exchanges of London, Paris and New York, Jewish brokers are the back bone of the business.

The movement of precious metals, diamonds and currency throughout the world has always been under Jewish control. We recite these facts as facts in themselves and not to in any way infer anything derogatory.

The Jews themselves admit to this. When preparations were being made by Britain to wage war against Germany in 1910, the international Jewish financiers were stationed in key locations, -- and at the head of international financing around the world stood the Rothschilds and their associated banking houses.

In France it was Rothschild, Fould, Camondo, Pereira and Bischoffheim; in Germany, Rothschild, Warschauer, Mendelssohn, Bleichroder; in England, Sassoon, Stern, Rothschild and Montague; ~ in the Far East it was Sassoon; in Russia it was Gunzburg; in the United States it was J.P. Morgan, Kuhn Loeb and Co., Seligman and Co., Speyer and Co., Warburg and Lazard Freres.

Above all, dwarfing and overshadowing them was the House of Rothschild. Critics of the Rothschilds say that Morgan and Kuhn Loeb were merely fronts for the Rothschilds, and that all of the famous banking houses were affiliated with the Rothschild banks.

The founder of the House of Rothschild was Mayer Anselm Bauer (Rothschild)

These banking houses weathered many storms due to their cautious approach to speculation and their close brotherhood and kinship to the Rothschilds and each other. The founder of the House of Rothschild was Mayer Anselm Bauer (Rothschild), the son of Anselm Moses Bauer, a merchant of Frankfurt.

The father sold new and used goods and old coins, and did pawn broking under the sign of a red shield, from which the name Rothschild, German language for red shield, evolved. Rothschild became their adopted and official family name. The business was located on Judenstrasse, quite literally "Jew Street" in a ghetto in Frankfurt, numbering about 550 families.

Mayer Amschel (Rothschild) was born in 1743. The family had been in Frankfurt for generations, indeed there is a record in the British Museum that they dated back to the beginning of the 16 th century. By the 18th century they were quite a large group.

I identified twenty antecedents of Mayer Amschel, the eldest of three sons whose parents were in the business of dealing in money, both buying and selling, in which he assisted from the age of ten. The small business was really a type of foreign money-exchange since at that time Germany consisted of 350 principalities, each with its own currency.

Apparently they were forbidden to follow the professions open to all non-Jews in Frankfurt. There is no doubt that Jews were subject to all sorts of restrictions, some of which were rather unjust. The family home was a mock-Gothic wooden hut where Mayer Amschel lived with his mother and father and three brothers until 1775, when a massive epidemic of smallpox swept Europe, taking the lives of both of Mayer's parents.

Mayer's relatives enrolled him in rabbinical school at Furth. But he did not have the patience or the liking for the long years of study needed to qualify, and after three years at Furth, at the age of thirteen, Mayer Amschel struck out on his own.

One can only admire the courage it must have taken for one so young to take such a step. Proceeding to Hanover, the young man was given a small, insignificant "charity" job at the House of Oppenheimer's bank, where within six months of his arrival he was made an apprentice.

It did not take him long to conclude that to succeed at banking, one needed the protection of one of the leading princes. After six years he left Hanover and went back to Frankfurt where he married Gudule Schnapper in 1770.

Mayer and Gudule (Gutta) occupied the first floor above a shop from where Mayer bought and sold new and used goods, as his father had done before him. Many items, such as pictures and furniture, were displayed on the sidewalk. This was the home, the starting place of the "barons of banking", who were to control the world's finances and great leaders, statesmen and kings.

Gudule bore Mayer five sons. Discussions with his five sons were always around a "dirty wooden table", a description given by Spiridovich in Unrevealed in History, where the family gathered for meals and talks.

The distribution of the financial world among the sons was one of the favorite topics of discussion. Their father talked about the four grandsons of Charlemagne, how the Emperors of the Romans had ruled the world and his vision for his sons.

His five daughters were never included in such talks. Charles the Great (Charlemagne) (771-814) was a typical German, over six feet tall and a superb athlete who spoke Greek and Latin. He was King of the Franks and became the Emperor of Rome from 800-814 BC.

Yet in spite of his veneration of Charlemagne, Mayer Amschel swore a violent hatred for all things of "Roma", which in later years he described as "the great foe of Bolshevism", according to Sir Alfred Mond in World Battle of the Jews. Samuel Gompers, writing in The Chicago Tribune of May 1, 1922 said of Bolshevism, in reference to Mayer Amschel:

Nothing would constitute a more needless and base betrayal of civilization than the recognition of the Bolshevik tyranny. The policy of the German and Anglo-American bankers is the most dangerous element in the whole chain of Bolshevik efforts. The Bolsheviks funds amounted to millions of dollars.

The hatred displayed by Mayer might have sprung from the fact, that since 1762, Frankfurt on the Main had been the city of the election and coronations of the Holy Roman Emperors, something Mayer Amschel detested because he knew that the Catholic Church was an implacable enemy of the Bolsheviks.

Some historians say that his hatred was directed to Russia, because it was the largest Christian nation in Europe and that under several of its rulers, Jews had endured many hardships and persecution.

Around the table, Mayer would warn his sons to keep their wealth in the family and never marry outside of it. He explained the Hebrew law of "neshek" meaning literally, "a bite", the word for interest and "how it was to be applied outside of, and not to, the Hebrews."

Secrecy was to be paramount; no one outside of the family was ever to know how much money they had. According to author John Reeves who in his book, The Rothschilds: Financial Rulers of Nations, quotes MacGregor, author of The Kahbalaha Unmasked:

The five sons started in business in five European capitals, but were acting in concert with each other. The business of the Rothschilds since 1812 has been so immense, and the bonds linking the different members of the family together interwoven, that to unravel them appears to be well nigh hopeless. The success achieved by the founder was due to the disturbed state of the world. Mayer Amschel was a child of fortune equally with Napoleon.

Mayer Amschel had five sons and five daughters

Mayer Amschel had five sons and five daughters:

Anselem Mayer, born 1773 married Eva Hannau

Salomon Mayer, born 1774 married Caroline Stern

Nathan Mayer, born 1777 married Hannah Levi Barnet Cohen 1806

Karl, born 1788 married Adelaide Herz

Jacob (James), born 1792 married niece Betty, daughter of his brother Salomon, [Ed: intermarriage produces degeneracy] Anselem his oldest son, received the signal honor of becoming a member of the Royal Prussian Privy Council of Commerce, Bavarian Consul and Court banker.

It may not seem like anything of great moment today, where there is no class distinction, but the rigid cast system in operation at the time made it impossible for a "commoner" to hold such positions, always reserved for the titled classes, and Jews were expressly excluded from such high office.

Salomon Mayer was somehow able to force his way into the inner and most intimate circle of Prince Mettemich, the virtual ruler of Austria.

The five daughters got no shares in the business nor did they have any say in the running of it, in fact, being totally excluded. Mostly, they married under "arranged marriages." According to author John Reeves:

The movements of the Rothschilds are carefully watched and are as important to the public as those of any Ministers. One enthusiastic enquirer was informed that it was impossible to name all the members of the family as a pedigree did not exist. (The Rothschild Financial Rulers)

At his deathbed, Mayer Amschel read from the Talmud and then compelled his children to swear a solemn oath that they would always stick together and never undertake to do anything separately, this according to Major General Count Cherep-Spiridovich, The Unrevealed in History and papers in the British Museum in London.

Mayer Amschel and five sons meet singular good fortune

Chapter 2

While at the Oppenheimer Bank, Amschel had the singular good fortune to meet Lieutenant General Baron von Estorff, an aristocrat closest to the Landgrave of Hesse-Cassell, an extremely important family with an ancestry dating back hundreds of years.

In The Rothschild Money Trust by Armstrong, it is stated that the Landgrave was William IX:

"He became a money lender and agent for William IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel." The much decorated historian, soldier and writer, Count Cherep-Spiridovich describes it merely as "Amschel became the manager for the Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel."

It is said that Mayer did some service for von Estorff at the expense of Oppenheim bank, the exact details of which are not known to this day.

According to my research in the British Museum, the approach was first made through the financial adviser to Wilhelm, one Karl Budurus: "Rothschild, similar in their ambitions, formidably tenacious, patient and secret, had a meeting of the minds and decided to enter into an arrangement of mutual assistances."

The details of the scheme they worked out have never been revealed. However, the Jewish Encyclopedia of 1905 and 1909 Vo. X, page 499 throws some light on it:

In a latter connection he (Amschel) became an agent for William IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, who, on his father's death inherited the largest private fortune in Europe (estimated at $40,000,000) derived mainly from the hire of troops to the British Government for putting down the revolution in the United States... After the battle in June 1806 the Landgrave fled to Denmark, leaving 600,000 pounds (about $3,000,000) with Mayer Rothschild for safekeeping. According to legend, this money was hidden away in wine casks, and escaped the search of Napoleon's soldiers when they entered Frankfurt, was restored intact to the electorate. The facts are less romantic and more business-like.

The papers I examined show that the "Elector", as he became known was none too scrupulous himself as to the origin of money that flowed into his coffers. Hessian mercenaries were his stock-in-trade, hired to those who had the most money to pay for them.

The Hessians had developed their contract with the ruler, which made it clear that the Prince would receive a large down payment at the start of military operations for which they had been hired. Then, there was to be a supplementary payment to the soldiers, some extras for wounded and three times the amount if killed in battle.

This was to go to the mercenaries or their dependants and not to the Prince. Moreover, the agreement-for-hire did not expire when peace was declared, but only one full year after the peace and only when the mercenaries had returned home.

The British Government was the biggest customer, "renting" about 15,000-17,000 Hessians each year. Although there is no direct proof that Amschel and Budurus were the authors of the following scheme, it seems very likely that they were. Instead of the lump sum and payments being sent to Kassel, the home of the Prince, the money was retained in England where it was invested.

The interest thereon (negotiated by Amschel) was paid to the Landgrave in drafts. That portion of the money actually transferred to Kassel was then used to provide high interest loans to other needy princes.

This resulted in a tremendous movement of funds in and out of Kassel with substantial income for the Landgrave, who had taken up with the Von Turn and Taxis family who held the postal monopoly for all of Europe. The mercenaries, who had done the most to earn the money, got nothing, but the bare promised amounts, as they were not privy to the "private " side-agreement done behind their backs.

The Princes of Von Thurn and Taxis (members of the Committee of 300) were happy to have a share in the booty in exchange for acting as intelligence agents for the Landgrave, and later for the Rothschilds.

They did this by opening important mail as directed, reading the contents and advising the Landgrave what they had seen, and on his orders, either expediting or delaying delivery of the letters to the benefit of the Landgrave and Mayer Amschel - and to the detriment of their debtors.

(For further details of the Von Thurn and Taxis family, please refer to The Conspirators' Hierarchy, The Committee of 300, 4th Edition)

These facts are indeed far from the romantic notions of how Amschel got his start, and more fully disclosed than anything that has appeared in print before. Critics say that the facts are far from those suggested in the Encyclopedia. Cherep-Spiridovich says bluntly, that the money was not returned to the Landgrave and was in fact stolen by Amschel. In The Rothschild Money Trust, author Armstrong states:

"Mayer Amschel Rothschild embezzled the money"

The facts are entirely 'less romantic.' Mayer Amschel Rothschild embezzled the money. This money was tainted from its origin. It was paid by the British Government to the Landgrave for the service of his soldiers; used to suppress the American Revolution, and the soldiers were morally entitled to it. It was first embezzled by William of Hesse and then by Mayer Amschel. This twice-stolen money is the foundation of the huge Rothschild fortune. It has ever since been true to its origin. There is not an honestly acquired dollar in the hundreds of billions now possessed by the Rothschild family. Instead of putting the money in wine casks, Mayer Amschel Rothschild sent the entire sum to his son Nathan in London, and where he established the London branch of the family.

This was most probably the money used by Nathan to open N.M. Rothschild and Sons, the family banking house. Armstrong continued:

For his extra-curricular services, Amschel was appointed as Imperial Agent of the Crown, a title that allowed him to travel freely without hindrances. His 'partnership' with the Princes of Von Thurn and Taxis brought valuable 'intelligence' information giving an edge on all moneylenders in competition with him. Nathan Rothschild invested it in 800,000,000 of gold (meaning worth that much and not by weight) from the East India Company, knowing that it would be needed for Wellington's peninsula campaign.

He made no less than four profits:

1. On the sale of Wellington's paper which he bought for 50 cents on the dollar and collected at par. 2. On the sale of gold to Wellington. 3. On its re-purchase. 4. On forwarding it to Portugal.

This was the beginning of the great fortune. How a still relatively obscure bank clerk was able to cross the gulf of social barriers that separated their classes is a classic in its own right. According to documents in the British Museum:

... The prince was very greedy and stingy, and did not care much concerning the means through which his fortune, left to him by his father, Wilhelm VIII (the brother of the King of Sweden) was increased. Frederic, hearing from von Estorff about the ability and unscrupulousness of Amschel, became interested in procuring a 'man of straw' (a front man) for his doubtful procurements.

Amschel concealed his relationship with Frederic II behind a modest facade, but there is no doubt that he used his influence with the old Landgrave to gain millions as well as political advancement. He became the agent for the Landgrave of Hesse and the first government loan he arranged was in 1802, when the Danish government borrowed ten million thalers. Although it was not known at the time, the money came from the vast fortune of the Landgrave family.

To curry favor, Amschel said he would give his share of the profits to Frederic II, but never did so. From this deal, the destiny of the Rothschilds was set to become one of the most astonishing success stories in the history of financing and loans.

Frederick II was succeeded by this son, Wilhelm IX, who became Elector Wilhelm I in 1785. At this time Amschel had been something of a "Minister of Finance" to the deceased Frederick II and knew every one of the family secrets.

The two hit it of at once. Both were born in 1743. Amschel kept his true wealth from Elector Wilhelm I, always wearing the same clothes and pretending to be poor. From the time he became the manager of the fortune of Elector Wilhelm I, Amschel's fortune increased as his employer's decreased.

In 1794 there occurred an event that caused Elector Wilhelm I to flee. It happened when the French General Hoche captured Coblenz. Fearing that his corrupt practices would be revealed (actually the schemes of Amschel the "front man") by the occupation, Elector Wilhelm I fled, having signed over control to Amschel.

This is the true account of how the Rothschilds got their money. It was not by pawn brokering, smart speculation or any other of the widely accepted fairy tales that sound so romantic. The genius of the sons can be traced to the fortune of the Landgrave of Hesse and not to the fanciful "genius" of the five brothers! It was a case of "theft by conversion", plain and simple. Mayer died at Frankfurt on December 12, 1812, leaving his legacy to five sons and a lesser amount for his five daughters.

The Rothschilds gain entry into europe's high society

Chapter 3

The manner in which Mayer left the bulk of his money to his five sons and much less to his daughters, was the hallmark of how he and his forbears regarded women as the weak link in the chain. Females were to be used for arranged marriages inside the family, for business. In other words, marriages were to be arranged with an eye to business advantages.

There was no thought of "equality" of male and female in Mayer's mind. The modern-day, Socialist-led drive for equal rights for women was something that arrived more than one hundred years later, and was largely confined to equal rights for non-Jewish women. Amschel parceled out the nations of Europe like loaves of bread, allocating his sons Germany, Austria, Britain, Italy and France as "their territories."

Later he sent one of his family relatives, a man by the name of Schoeneberg to the United States under the assumed name August Belmont. He became the hidden hand that secretly pushed through legislation to enable the Federal Reserve to become law.

The interests of the Rothschild sons became international finance and banking and they established branch offices in the major capitals of Europe, Paris, Naples, Vienna and London, each under close supervision of one of the five sons, while "Belmont" became heavily engaged in banking and Democrat Party politics in America.

In a relatively short period of time the Rothschilds were able to bring all of Europe into their orbit and under their influence. They bought officials and made friends with the monarchs and princes of Europe, all the while ensuring that no outsiders came into the family. When one of the daughters began a "love relationship", it was ruthlessly crushed. She was told that the brothers regarded marriage as a business affair and that they would arrange marriages for partnerships.

It took only a generation of planning, intriguing and manipulation of public opinion to make the Rothschilds the greatest force and influence, not in only the affairs of Europe, but also in the Far East and later the United States.

Intermarriages welded the family into a cohesive, solid front. By 1815, Austria led the way by granting the five brothers hereditary titles, "baron" with land ownership to go with it. Their meteoric rise to fame, fortune and power was astonishing to behold. They never made any decision or moves without close consultation with their "communication agent" and "inside information source", the Von Thurn and Taxis.

If positions of political power could not be realized, they were bought. Mayer Amschel in charge of Frankfurt, for instance, bought a seat on the Prussian Privy Council of Commerce. This was a position that in the past was open only to royalty, and his success shook the Prussian aristocracy, causing much alarm and consternation.

Following the restoration of the Bourbons (in which the Rothschilds played no small part), the youngest of the brothers, James (Jacob) was given a charter to establish a branch of the Rothschild bank in Paris.

Quick to realize the importance of railroads, James financed many of the new lines and made a huge fortune. He lent the Bourbons, always profligate spenders, millions of francs. Nathan was the genius of the five brothers. Third in line he was the one the others turned to for guidance. When the brothers decided to establish themselves in England, they sent Nathan to settle in Manchester, a grimy northern industrial town, rather than in London.

The reason was that the Rothschilds had important commercial plans for the cloth trade there, which they intended to exploit to the full before moving their operation to London. Most of the fabric needed to make uniforms for the British Army and Navy originally came from Germany. Thanks to the "postal intelligence" provided by the Von Thurn and Taxis mail monopoly, the Rothschilds learned that war with Napoleon was imminent. Nathan was quickly dispatched to Germany to buy up all stocks of such cloth.

When the Manchester manufactures were given contracts by the British Government to make uniforms for the army and navy, they sent their agents to Germany to secure the necessary fabric stocks, as they had always done, only to learn that all production had already been sold to Nathan Rothschild, from whom they were now obliged to buy.

When the news reached Manchester, there followed violent uproar. At one stage Nathan feared for his safety. After five years in Manchester, in 1805 Nathan moved to London. Actually, "fled" would be a better description as indeed he was forced to do when public wrath against his dealings began to mount.

One of the principle reasons for Nathan's great success was that he realized that fast communication was the key to beating out competitors. He employed the fastest riders, ships and even carrier pigeons to communicate. He avidly sought "inside information", which he kept from his competitors and from governments. He had his secret agents in all of the capital cities of Europe.

This loyal group never hesitated to ride through the night, winter and summer. They kept the best breed of carrier pigeons and sailed on the fastest packet boats, sometimes buying all passages between France and England to block competitors.

Nathan's greatest principle of expertise was of buying government bonds that were defaulted, or about to be defaulted, at huge discounts. After a suitable time, great pressure was exerted on the governments concerned to redeem the bonds at face value, netting Nathan incredible profits.

In this way he became the financial agent for more than half the governments of Europe. Some very notable people in the past declared that "civilization came to an end in 1790", among them H.G. Wells, the famous British establishment writer who said in the New York American, (July 27, 1924) that the mental and moral progress of the human race ended with the 18th century.

Wells was well thought of by the Rothschilds, who liked his idea of the League of Nations, what Wells called "a world state", which he said was inevitable. The Erlangers donated $3,000 to this purpose, as did N.M. Rothschild.

George Bernard Shaw, the Irish playwright, told Hillaire Belloc: "Something enormous happened in 1790." This was reported in the New York Times:

There is reason to believe that they were referring to the great revolutionary movements that began between the middle and the end of the 18th century when in 1779 Amschel Rothschild became the master of the richest man on Earth, the Landgrave of Hesse Cassel.

The walls of Jerico [Frankfurt] come tumbling down

Chapter 4

Earlier I referred to the fact that only five hundred Jewish families were allowed to live in Frankfurt Germany. The manner in which Mayer Amschel handled the problem was to become his trademark. On the birth of Napoleon's son, Grand Duke Dalberg of Frankfurt wanted to go to Paris and pay his respects, but none of the banks would lend him the money to make the trip.

Old Amschel however, saw the possibilities of putting Dalberg in his debt, and lent him eighty thousand gulden at five percent. No pressure was put on the Grand Duke to repay the loan as long as the interest was paid, but at the same time, there was no favor asked by the Rothschilds that the Grand Duke could or did refuse.

Amschel and his family were engaged in extensive smuggling operations in defiance of the French boycott of England out of which the Rothschilds made a great deal of money. Suspicion fell on Amschel, and a raid was set for May 1809.

Dalberg, who never missed a chance to borrow money from Amschel at lenient rates, tipped him off about the pending raid through his executive Commissioner of Police, von Eitzlein. Frantic activity placed contraband and incriminating documents with reliable friends, so that when Inspector Savagner and his men arrived they found old Mayer Amschel in bed, and a search failed to turn up anything incriminating. Although Napoleon's Trade Boycott inspectors had come up empty-handed, Amschel was nevertheless still fined 20,000 francs, a mere pittance, but he escaped going to prison, which would have happened had the contraband been discovered by the inspectors.

When the fuss had died down, Amschel tackled the problem of restrictions on the number of Jewish families allowed to reside in Frankfurt. He approached Dalberg, who still owed him the principle sum of the loan.

By law, each Jewish family had to pay an annual fee of 22,000 gulden to remain in the city. Amschel and one of his partners, a certain Gumprecht, persuaded the Grand Duke to accept one lump sum that would give the Jews citizenship rights in Frankfurt, the very thing so strongly opposed by the Christian majority. More than that, Amschel demanded not only equal citizenship, but in addition, the Jews would be allowed to establish their own ruling bodies and councils.

The greedy Dalberg demanded that the lump sum proposed by Amschel be twenty times the total annual fee. Amschel and his friends met the demand with 294,000 gulden in cash and the balance in bearer debentures.

In a letter to the Grand Duke confirming the arrangement and terms, Amschel showed that when humble obsequious behavior was necessary he was a master of the art:

If I could be the messenger of the good news, as soon as it has been signed by His Royal Highness our most excellent Lord and Great Duke, in favor, and that I can inform my nation of their great joy, you will graciously inform me of it through the post, confess I abuse your goodness and grace, but I do not doubt that your Highness and your honored family have to await great heavenly rewards and will receive much happiness and blessing because in truth our whole Jewry, if they have the happiness to obtain equal rights will gladly pay with great pleasures all dues the citizens have to pay.

Note how Amschel boldly asserted that the Jews of Frankfurt were a separate nation. The agreement was some time in getting passed, but when it did, Amschel immediately announced the establishment of the Governing Body of the Israelite Religions Community with von Eitzlein (a Jew) the first president, perhaps rewarded for tipping Amschel to the planned raid for contraband in May 1809. The Senate and the Christians were furious and immediately attacked the agreement as giving special privileges to the Jews.

Rumors flew thick and fast that Dalberg had received a substantial payment, which he had not made public. Feeling against Dalberg and the Jews reached fever pitch. Accusations of bribery for exchange for equal rights filled the air. With the fall of Napoleon, Dalberg was deposed and replaced by Baron von Hugel of the Hessians.

Amschel was not afraid of Austria or Prussia, he had their governments in the palm of his hand, but he feared that when the Congress of Vienna decided the status of Frankfurt in 1814, the Dalberg agreement would not be honored. He sent Jacob Baruch and a certain Gompers as his representatives, but the Vienna police had them under surveillance as revolutionaries and ordered them to be expelled.

However, Prince Metternich, who had been created by Nathan Rothschild, just as Adam Weishaupt, Napoleon, Disraeli and Bismarck were all mere puppet-creations (or "valets") of the Rothschilds, cancelled the order. Bribery and corruption were quite openly practiced.

Humbold was offered three beautiful emerald rings worth a fortune, plus four thousand ducats, which he refused. Metternich's secretary, Frederick von Gentz however accepted the bribes offered, and was forever thereafter a most valuable conduit to the powerful Austrian nobility and political leaders for the Rothschilds.

When news of Napoleon having landed on French soil from his exile in St. Helena reached the Congress, the "Jewish question", had to be shelved. The Congress of Vienna was the first world conference to be dominated by the international bankers, and the Rothschilds contributed very heavily to the control the banker's exercised over the decisions that were taken.

The Rothschilds plunder the five great powers

Chapter 5

Count Buol-Schauenstein, Austria's representative, was outraged by the Dalberg-Rothschild deal with Frankfurt's Jews:

Trade is still the only means of livelihood the Jews adopt. This nation, which never amalgamates with any other, but always hangs together to pursue its own ends will soon overshadow Christian firms; and with their terribly rapid increase in population they will soon spread over the whole city, so that a Jewish trading city will gradually arise beside our venerable cathedral.

I spent considerable time researching documents in the British Museum, which in any way referred to the family in order to qualify to write about the rise of the Rothschild dynasty, much of what came from that source.

Baron James became a great personality. Kings and ministers were obliged to reckon with him and he justified this by financing a loan of 520 million francs to the Government of the Restoration, which needed the money after the great wars of the Revolution and of the Empire. In his Juifs de l'Epoque Toussenei wrote:

One can take the fatal year 1815 as the era of new power; though prior to this date the coalition of bankers who bought great upset the campaign of Moscow and Waterloo - these are to remembered for the interference of Jews in our (French) national affairs... In 1815 France was condemned to pay 1,500 million francs in war indemnity became the prey of international financiers of Frankfurt, London and Vienna who became as one to exploit her calamity. James Rothschild paid for each government bond of 100 francs only 50 francs and received five francs as interest, which made ten percent on the money, loaned and the following year the principle began to return twofold. James became the lender of Kings. This added to his speculation on the Exchange where he was able to influence the rise and fall of stocks swelled the baron's earnings into millions. Between 1815 and 1830, the Rothschilds were simply plundering the five great powers; England, Russia, France, Austria and Prussia. Thus Prussia contracted a 5% loan of 5,000,000 pounds sterling, but received for its government bonds only 3,500,000 or 70%, making the actual interest rate over 7%. But the chief point of it was that the bonds had to be redeemed in a few years at 100%. The Rothschilds made a profit of 1,500,000 pounds sterling, plus the interest. In 1823 James took up the whole of the French loan.

The period of 1820 onwards became the age of the Rothschilds

According to Professor Werner Sombart in his work The Jews and Modern Capitalism: The period of 1820 onwards became the age of the Rothschilds, so that by the middle of the century it was common dictum, there is only one power in Europe, and that is the Rothschilds.

As previously explained, the work of fiction, Coningsby, by Disraeli was a thinly disguised account of the life of Nathan Rothschild II, and extremely revealing:

His father [Nathan Rothschild] had established a brother in most of the principal capitals. Here he was lord and master of the money markets of the world, and, of course, virtually lord and master of everything else. He literally held the revenues of Southern Italy in pawn [through Karl Rothschild in Naples] and monarchs and ministers of all countries courted his advice and were guided by his suggestions. Between Paris and Naples, Sidonia [Lionel] passed two years. Sidonia has no heart; he is a man without affections.

Coningsby - an account of the life of Nathan Rothschild II

This was the work dictated to Disraeli by Nathan Rothschild and put out as fiction, but there is no history of the Rothschilds more accurate than this. Who was Disraeli?

Disraeli was a mere tool of the Rothschilds

In La Vielle France N-216, Bismarck said that Disraeli was a mere tool of the Rothschilds and that it was Disraeli and the Rothschilds who formulated the plan to dismember the United States through a massive Civil War.

Disraeli was only one of their creations whom they brought from obscurity to fame. His grandfather, Benjamin D'Israeli, arrived in England in 1748. His son, Isaac D'Israeli was born in 1766 and soon became a Bolshevik. One of his works was called Against Commerce.

Of his father Disraeli said:

He lived with learned men. The learned men were Nathan Rothschild and his circle. Incidentally, "El-Israeli" (D'israeli?) is an Arabic name of Turkish origin used in the Middle East to denote people of Jewish descent.

It is likely that his father's family came from Turkey to Italy and most likely, settled in Ancona or Cento. Isaac's field was writing and like many a researcher before him, he frequented the British Museum. He was also an importer of straw hats, marble and alum, but Isaac longed to write.

In 1788 his father sent him to study in France, Italy and Germany. He returned to England in 1789 and wrote The Curiosities of Literature, which was published by the Socialist, John Murray. A literary success, it ran to thirteen editions. Benjamin probably inherited his writing skills from his father.

Born in 1804 into a family of moderate means, Benjamin was circumcised on the eighth day according to the Jewish custom, and grew up in the Jewish faith. Although proud of it, we are led to believe that he knew at an early age that as far as public office, his "Jewishness" would be a drawback because in England at that time, Jews were barred by religion from becoming members of any political party.

Nathan Rothschild orders Disraeli to be baptized to penetrate the Church

But on the orders of Nathan Rothschild, at the age of thirteen Benjamin was baptized on July 31, 1817 as a Christian so that he might penetrate English society and the political establishment, which at the time was closed to Jews by the Test Acts. His orders from Nathan Rothschild were to break down every barrier against the Jews.

At one time he told Lord Melbourne, the Home Secretary: "I am going to be the Prime Minister of England", which Melbourne thought fanciful and impossible. Of course Melbourne did not know at that time about Disraeli's "Rothschild" connection. But first, the necessary financing had to come from somewhere. At twenty-two he began "speculating" on the Stock Market, a highly unlikely occupation for a man who was always without any money.

A certain Thomas Jones - more than likely an assumed name - came up with two thousand pounds to start with, increasing to nine thousand pounds - a huge sum of money at the time to invest in a penniless writer of no experience!

It does not take much imagination to come to the conclusion that "Thomas Jones" was Nathan Rothschild.

As was the case with the biographers of Napoleon I, Bismarck, Mettemich, Marshal Soult (who betrayed Napoleon at Waterloo), Karl Marx, Bombelles, Lassalle, Hertz, Kerensky and Trotsky praise for Disraeli, a former non-entity, was lavish. J.G. Lockhart, Sir Walter Scott's son-in-law, was beside himself when in 1825 he wrote:

I may frankly say that I never met a young man with greater promise. He is a scholar, a hard student, a deep thinker, a great energy, equal perseverance, an indefatigable application, and a complete man of business. His knowledge of human nature and the practical tendency of all of his ideas, have often surprised me in a young man who has hardly passed his twentieth year.

Disraeli was the Trojan Horse of Rothschilds

Another bedazzled friend wrote:

He had no rank, no important friends, no wealth, but he was an able scholar who dazzled the establishment with his audacity of conception, brilliant triumphs. He had that supreme confidence in himself, which amounts to virtual genius. He never showed discouragement. Of course! Backed by Nathan Rothschild he had the world at his feet. If only history could be rewritten! The English aristocracy was not destroyed by the "French" Revolution and they remained implacably opposed to the Jews until Disraeli on behalf of the Rothschilds, defeated them. Disraeli was the Trojan Horse, slipped into the very heart of English society and its political establishment. (Count Cherep-Spiridovich and British Museum papers)

In December 1922, the British Guardian published an article by Dr. John Clarke, which is worth quoting:

And how this potent firm [the Rothschilds] governs the Government of France and England alike may be gathered from two recent incidents. The French Secretary of the Legation, M. Thierry at the Embassy of London some months ago married a Jewess of the Rothschild clan. And now the hidden mentors of Bonar Law's [the British Prime Minister who promised to follow the policies of Disraeli] new 'Conservative' Government induced him to send as Ambassador to Paris a non-diplomatic 'Liberal,' the Marquise of Crewe, whose wife is the daughter of Hannah Rothschild, Countess of Roseberry. Here we have the actual basis of the Franco-British Entente - 'R.F.' meaning Rothschild Freres, the Rothschild brothers, covers the British Empire, the French Republic and most of the other republics and kingdoms between Moscow, Angora and Washington.

Who opened the way for such astonishing changes in the English political scene? It was Disraeli, who "controlled" Prime Minister Bonar Law. In the Life of Disraeli by Buckle, the author gives no hint of who made Disraeli:

"No career in English history is more marvelous than that of Disraeli, and none has hitherto been enshrouded in greater mystery."

Actually, there was no "mystery" at all. But for Nathan and his son Lionel Rothschild, Disraeli would have never existed outside of his small, narrow family circle. From 1832 to 1837 Disraeli was in deep trouble over unpaid debts. In April of 1835, he was forced to spend a great deal of his time indoors to "prevent being nabbed by the creditors", as he wrote in a letter to Lady Henrietta Sykes, his mistress.

In August 1835, Disraeli went to Bradenham, there to escape his creditors. One of them was a certain Austen who was threatening to have him arrested and sent to a debtor's prison. At Bradenham, he tried to write his novel Henrietta Temple.

At this period, his debts were overshadowing his writing. In July, another of his creditors, a Thomas Mash who had been pressing for payment, now grew strident and Disraeli walked in fear (when he did venture outside) of imminent arrest.

Perpetually in deep financial trouble, deeply in debt at the age of twenty and unsuccessful in getting a seat in the House of Commons, which he had tried from 1832 to 1837 to accomplish, the Rothschilds, who had been watching him since the age of ten, made him their "valet."

In writing to his sister Sarah in 1849, Benjamin admitted as much. The year was the worst financial period in his life. He was being harried by his creditors and had to appear before an Assize Court when as he said in his letter to Sarah "Mayer Rothschild unintentionally let the cat out of the bag."

Disraeli prepared England for a series of disastrous wars

Disraeli did not "raise England to the highest position" as claimed by Buckle. Instead, what he did was to prepare England for a series of disastrous wars. He frightened generations of Englishmen with his lies about a "great Russia" being a danger and a threat for Great Britain. Prime Minister Gladstone accused Disraeli of lying. Was he sincere about the alleged Russian "danger?"

Lord Gladstone said there were only two things he was "in earnest about, his wife and his race." Gladstone evidently didn't know that Benjamin was "in earnest" about the Rothschilds of whom he seldom talked, perhaps because of the fact that nobody, no matter what their rank, could cross the Rothschilds with impunity.

Benjamin Disraeli was the man of the hour for the Rothschilds; Lionel, Mayer, Anthony and their families, including the Montefiores. In a letter to his sister Sarah, he wrote, that after his honeymoon, there had been a party at the home of Mrs. Montefiore and there was "not a Christian name there."

No doubt Benjamin performed yeoman service for his mentors, providing them with "intelligence" from his high office. It is known that it was one such "spy job" that allowed the Rothschilds to float the lucrative Suez Canal loan.

Described as a "coup" engineered by Disraeli, the facts are not quite that simple. Through his secret "intelligence" service, Disraeli learned that the Khedive of Egypt, Ishmail Pasha wanted to sell his shares in Compagnie Universelle de Suez.

Thanks to the "intelligence" provided by the Von Thurn and Taxis control of mail, on November 15, 1875, Disraeli was advised that the Khedive was negotiating with two French banks for the sale of the stock. Disraeli immediately rushed to Baron Lionel de Rothschild who agreed to float a loan for the British Government for this purpose.

The secret plan was hatched by Lionel and Disraeli and was presented to the British Cabinet for acceptance on November 24th. The skill of Lionel in moving so fast was not mentioned, and so, in the eyes of the public, it remained a "Disraeli coup."

This account taken from the collected works of MajorGeneral Count Cherep-Spiridovich goes a long way to dispelling the myths and legends that sprang up around the life and times of Nathan Rothschild, his extended blood relatives and their families, who lived in London, and the legendary DTsraeli.

Benjamin Disraeli: masterspy for the Rothschilds

Chapter 6

It was a two-way street; with the Rothschilds always ready to bail Benjamin out of financial trouble, particularly in 1835, 1849, 1857 and 1862 when his debts amounted to what today would have been about $300,000 without means of payment.

With his enemy, the Duke of Portland hounding him, he was "loaned the money" by a front man for Baron de Rothschild, one Philip Rose, who just happened to be staying at the same resort and spa hotel in Torquay at the same time as the Baron Rothschild.

We are led to believe, that Rose persuaded Rothschild to loan the money Disraeli needed. Situated on the East Coast of England, Torquay was a fashionable resort town, boasting fine hotels and spas, often patronized by royalty and its hangers on. In a letter to his sister in December of that year, Benjamin wrote: He likes to give to his friends, not to lend, as he never takes interest from me...

I propose to look at the history of some of the world's best-known figures and to attempt to discover what role the Rothschilds played in their lives. I shall also examine revolutions and wars for the same reason. This is a daunting task, but it is one that is long overdue.

There have been so many lies in establishment history that our senses reel and I wonder how the truth can ever be made known to the ordinary people of this world, who have had to bear the brunt of those upheavals and have never known why they had to make such terrible sacrifices.

Of course they have the propaganda explanations which satisfy most, but to the thinker, it has never been enough just talk about "patriotism", "love of country", "making the world safe for democracy" and fighting a "war to end all wars."

I cannot go too far back in history, so let us begin with some of the most explosive upheavals to hit the world beginning with the 18th century and the personalities involved and then continue through to the 20th century. Limitations of space restrict to the more salient features of these events.

Although there is no hard evidence that the Rothschilds were involved in the cataclysmic "French" Revolution, historians tend to believe that they were behind it, acting through some of their agents. Their well-known hatred of Christianity and their desire to rid France of the Christian monarchy that it represented was the driving force behind the revolution. Opposition to Christianity was the factor believed to have motivated the Rothschilds to take indirect action to confront it at every opportunity.

International Socialism supported by the Rothschilds

One thing has emerged clearly from the past; every war fought since then has been for the advancement of International Socialism, of which the Rothschilds were avid supporters.

It is stated in papers in the British Museum that the Rothschilds were deeply involved in all revolts and wars since 1770.

Indirectly, there is evidence that a branch of the Rothschilds was involved in financing the French Revolution through the bank of Moses Mocatta, uncle of Sir Moses Montefiore, whose brother, Abraham Montefiore, was married to Jeanette, the daughter of Mayer Amschel.

Mayer Amschel's son, Nathan, married the sister-in-law of Sir Moses Montefiore in 1806. Another daughter of Abraham Montefiore, Louisa, married Sir Anthony Rothschild in 1840.

History records the Jewish banking houses of Daniel Itzig, David Friedlander, Herz Geribeer and Benjamin and Abraham Goldsmidt, were the principal financiers of the "French" Revolution.

It is interesting to note of the fifty-eight marriages contracted by the descendants of Mayer Amschel; twenty-nine and a half were between first cousins. [Ed: which would inevitably produce the degenerate offsprings according to Gregory Klimov.]

From 1848 onward, the pace quickened. Marx established that all wars must be for the advancement of International Socialism and Lenin and Trotsky enshrined it in the Communist doctrine.

The First World War was fought to establish Bolshevism in Russia

The First World War was fought to establish Bolshevism in Russia; to establish a "home for the Jews in Palestine", to destroy the Catholic Church and dismember Europe.

The first attempt at One World Government was launched in the disguise of the League of Nations.

The Second World War was fought to destroy Japan and Germany, to establish the USSR as a Communist world power and extend the reach of Bolshevism over three quarters of the world. In the aftermath the United States was gulled into joining the next attempt at One World Government, the United Nations.

The Second World War changed the make-up of the United States, which was forced by its large contingent of International Socialists in positions of power to wean itself from its Constitution and its Republican form of government, and take on the role of the world's new Roman Empire.

In short, the United States was turned from its Christian Republican form of government into an imperial power to conquer the world for and on behalf of International Socialism.

Behind these powerful changes stood the power, the money and the guiding hand of the Rothschilds. I shall attempt to make way through the major events that triggered these and other wars.

At the time the revolution burst upon France, the nobility and clergy were liberal toward French citizens. They had freedom to work and freedom of the press according to the book by Louis Diste, Freemasonry and Terror, which he says is proved in the archives prior to August 10, 1789 - everything that the French people wanted in the way of liberty, freedom from excess taxes and freedom of religion had all been granted.

If there is one thing I learned from history it is that there is an evil power that hates and fights to the death all forms of liberty, freedom and justice for the ordinary men of the world.

Each time such a system of government was established - these evil, secret rulers came along and overturned those benevolent governments by means of extreme violence and extreme cruelty. An example is Russia, where Tsar Alexander II had agreed to a new constitution.

His minister, Stolypin, had set the machinery in motion to grant lands to peasants and to nationalize banks; Nicholas had forbidden wars by his threat to "fire on the first who fires" and the Tsars were known as the most cultured, learned and gracious people in the world.

Stolypin was cruelly murdered by Bolshevik revolutionaries to prevent the freedoms and reforms promised by the Tsar from being put into practice.

"We are the 300" seize the City Hall in Paris

On August 4, 1789, eighty three unknown men, shouting "we are the 300", (thereby inadvertently exposing the hidden hand of their controllers) seized the City Hall in Paris.

The City Hall in France is typically the center of the civil administration. Robespierre and Danton did not immediately join the blood lust that followed. Stephane Lausanne, editor of La Matin of Paris said in an article on January 6, 1923:

We French believe, that we know all about the forces of our planet. But we know nothing of the men whose names the masses could not even rightly spell. These men, more powerful than Caesar or even Napoleon, rule the fate of the Globe. These men rule the Chiefs of States, control and subdue the governing personages, manipulate the exchanges, and initiate or suppress revolutions.

Of course he was writing about the 7 Rothschilds and the Committee of 300. What he did not know was that the Rothschilds created and controlled Napoleon as their instrument, and that they disposed of him once the Corsican genius woke up to this fact and went into a state of rebellion, the first manifestation of which came when he divorced his wife, the Creole, Josephina. Philip Francis, writing in the New York American under the title The Poison in America's Cup stated:

The British Government is the camouflage

Nominally we govern ourselves; actually we are governed by an oligarchy of the American branch of The International Banker's Federation, Plunderbund. The British Government is the camouflage behind which the money kings of the world have hitherto hid their economic warfare upon the masses of the people.

There is no direct proof that the Rothschilds were implicated in bringing on the French Revolution to happen, but there is ample evidence that Mirabeau was a member of the Les Amis Reunis as was his partner, Talleyrand. Mirabeau and Talleyrand discovered Napoleon, an obscure army officer.

It is believed that many of the details of the French Revolution were discussed at the palace of the Landgrave of Hesse at Wilhelmsbad where it is known the leading Freemasons often gathered, which is the connection with Mayer Amschel, who headed "the deadly secret conclave beyond the masons and unknown to them" where the "French" Revolution was plotted.

There was also the connection with Adam Weishaupt, founder of the Illuminati through Wilhelmsbad. The Rothschild Money Trust, page 17 states:

It is also admitted, as they allege, that the Illuminati played a major role in bringing on the bloody days of 1789, that it was founded and reputedly financed by Jews and that the great House of Rothschild was then just rising to financial heights. There is evidence that it was in fact financed by the 'great House of Rothschild' and that the French Revolution was in fact brought about by Jews. It was the final act that freed the Jews from their political and civil disabilities in France.

Unfortunately for history, The Rothschild Money Trust does not provide sources that could support the claim that the French Revolution was financed by the Rothschilds.

Amschel sends for Weishaupt, a beggar at the time

In 1782 after "acquiring" the huge fortune of the Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, Amschel sent for Weishaupt who at the time was living the life of a beggar.

Weishaupt was a man of low degree then struggling to find money to pay for an illegal abortion that had been performed on his sister-in-law. After his interview with Amschel, Weishaupt appeared in Paris with millions of francs at his disposal.

He "imported" at least 30,000 criminals of the worst type and set them up in dens in Paris. He did the same thing in Germany. When all preparations were completed and the stage was set in 1789, all hell broke loose in Paris.

According to author Pouget St. Andre, a chronicler of the revolution that burst upon France, Danton was a Jew as was Robespierre whose real name was Ruban. Pouget St. Andre, author of Les Auteurs de la Revolution Francaise, posed the question which to this day has never been answered:

Why did the Convention shed so much blood? They say that the bloodshed was caused by the hatred of the people against the privileged class. How could the small percentage of executed aristocrats be explained by only 5% of all condemned? Why were the reforms bought for 4 billion francs and 50,000 heads when Louis XVI was already offering them free?"

Ernest Renan in his work, La Monarchic Constitutionally en France, wrote:

The murder of King Louis XVI was an act of the most hideous materialism, the most shameful profession of ingratitude and baseness, of most roturiere villainy and forgetfulness of the past. Nothing, but bloodlust was served by those who put the king to death.

Inside accounts of the horrors of the french revolution

Chapter 7

All those who had done the work of the secret societies and their henchmen trying to seize France were later executed, some horribly, and with the utmost cruelty, including Danton and Robespierre, one imagines, to silence them lest they were ever tempted to reveal whom the persons behind the revolution were. Murder, then as now, was the favorite weapon employed against those who sought to thwart the will of the "300."

Lord Acton, writing in his Essay on the French Revolution made this observation:

The appalling thing is not the tumult but the design. Through all the fire and smoke we perceive the evidence of a calculating organization. The managers remain studiously concealed and masked, but there is no doubt about their presence from the first.

We shall come to the Russian-Japanese conflict in 1904, and who set it up, financed it and what their reasons were, but for now, in passing, we shall quote what the Editor of the New York Evening Post said on December 9, 1924:

Somewhere behind the fog-bank of propaganda, sinister unseen hands are seeking to destroy the peaceful relations between Russia and Japan. Japan does not want war. Certainly America does not want war. Why then, this perennial clamor that Japan is an enemy to be watched, distrusted, armed against, and finally fought?

Rise of dirt poor Napoleon orchestrated by Rothschilds

Of all of the historical figures in the past three centuries, none is better known than Napoleon. Yet not much is ever said about how he rose from obscurity to fame.

Like most of those "adopted" by the Rothschilds, Napoleon was dirt poor when Talleyrand introduced him to the Rothschilds. He did not have the money to pay the laundry shop bill, and had only one shirt. His uniform had been supplied by Josephine Beauharnais, whom he later married after Count Paul de Barras had cast her off as his mistress.

In 1786 Napoleon was a sub-lieutenant, a poor very junior officer without any money, going from door-to-door seeking employment to supplement his pay. It was a time when the people of Europe had grown tired of "Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity."

Amschel was disappointed that Weishaupt had made little progress against the Church, particularly, the Catholic Church, and was seeking "new talent." The fire and ardor of the Corsican impressed Amschel enough to set him up with sufficient money to live decently. H. Fischer, in an article seen in the British Museum wrote:

"In 1790 Napoleon succeeded by means, even then judged to be unscrupulous in securing his election as second in command of a whole battalion."

How did he do it? Charles MacFarlane, in his work The Life of Napoleon (it used to be in the British Museum where I read it) threw some light on this "astonishing climb to power:"

Augustine Robespierre, the younger brother of the terrible Dictator, had become acquainted with Bonaparte at the taking of Toulon in 1798. The fact is indisputable that he contracted an intimacy, having all the appearances of warm friendship with Augustine, who was to be fully as pitiless as his elder brother.

According to the autobiography of Wolf Tone (Barry 1893) Robespierre was an Illuminist.

A nominal Christian, Napoleon soon sensed the hatred for Christianity that burned in the breast of Amschel, and so he resorted to simulation to please his new money supplier. He turned against the Catholic Church. The humiliation of the Pope was a very pleasing prospect to Amschel, and money began to flow into Napoleon's pockets in ever-increasing amounts.

Thus is his "stunning rise to power", his "astonishing successes" explained! As we say in modern parlance, the writers and biographers of Napoleon failed to follow the money trail.

The failure of Weishaupt to destroy the Catholic Church, the purpose for which he was "constructed" by Amschel was galling, but when Napoleon was brought to his attention, the whole work was shifted to him.

The way it was to be accomplished was planned in the Mason lodges in Paris frequented by Talleyrand and in Frankfurt by Amschel.

War is the only way you can destroy the Church

It was Talleyrand who told Napoleon: War is the only way you can destroy the Church. This was acknowledged by H.G. Wells who called the Corsican genius "a wrecker, (of the revolution) hard, competent, capable, possessing initiative", but he failed to mention his financial backer, without whose masses of money, these traits of character would not have availed him much.

Like Kerensky, Trotsky, Disraeli, Lloyd George and Bismarck, Amschel took over Napoleon when he was of no importance, and made of him, the most important man in Europe. Although H.G. Wells complained that he did not continue the revolution, this was not the point. When Amschel had Napoleon appointed the First Consul for life by a large margin of votes, the stage was set to ring up the curtain on Europe.

As long as he carried out the mission set for him by Amschel, the destruction of the Christian Monarchies and of the Catholic Church, Napoleon bore a charmed life, going from one success to another. A good book I found in the British Museum was by Sidney Dark in which he wrote, How Great Was Napoleon:

Napoleon, born without any advantage of wealth or high descent, made himself master of the world before he was 35 and finished his career of unparalleled romantic impossibility when he was 46.

This completely overlooks the powers behind Napoleon, Amschel and his millions and the planners inside the Mason lodges of Paris and Frankfurt. On March 9, 1796, Napoleon married Josephina de Beauharnais, a Creole woman with insatiable sexual appetites who had once paid for his uniform. The marriage was arranged by the Rothschilds through Count Paul de Barras who also appointed Napoleon Commander in Chief of the Army in Italy.

Josephina was the mistress of de Barras, but tiring of her, he sought to end the relationship, and to avoid her oath to take revenge on him, Count de Barras arranged for her to marry Napoleon, hardly the "romantic" spin put on the occasion by practically every writer on the life and times of Napoleon.

Josephine helped de Barras by giving him confidential details imparted to her by her husband, which of course went straight to the Rothschilds. Napoleon's coronation in 1804 was treated with indifference by Amschel, but he became alarmed when the Pope was invited.

The Rothschilds were dismayed and angry when Napoleon divorced Josephine and married the Arch-Duchess Maria Louisa in 1810. The Rothschild's recognized that henceforth there would be less and less chance to destroy kingdoms and smash the Catholic Church.

Disillusionment of Napoleon brought him down

From 1810 the die was cast against Napoleon and James Rothschild was seconded to the task of ruining their former hero. The full story of the gradual disillusionment of Napoleon, his awakening to the knowledge that he was not fighting for France, but rather for an alien power to further its grip on the nation as a necessary follow-on to the revolution, the role of the Illuminati and the Masons in his career, made him more and more angry.

The awakening was slow to come, and painful, but once his mind was opened to the truth, Napoleon began to rebel against his controllers. In his work, History of Napoleon, G. Bussey says that Napoleon changed, lost his fierce desire for war and declared: Thank God I am at peace with the world.

The Rothschilds now had no further use for their former tool. They financed and set up a front called A League Against Napoleon. The mentors whom Napoleon had begun to neglect were now turned against him. Karl Rothschild hastened to despoil relations between the Pope and Napoleon, and without the knowledge of Napoleon, ordered the arrest of the Holy Father carried out by General Radet. The Pope reacted with an Excommunication Bill against the Emperor.

Napoleon had been trying to win over the Pope. He felt the ground quaking beneath his feet as events, one after another, went against him. An attempt to assassinate him by Illuminati agent Stapps was foiled by the vigilance of General Rapp.

The Russian campaign was plagued by supply problems and lack of food. Napoleon did not understand that it was deliberate sabotage of his army. He was forced to order a retreat from Moscow, during which thousands of soldiers dying from wounds and the cold were mercilessly shot to death by Rothschild's agents coming up in the rear.

The loss of Christian lives was horrendous. With the failure to win over the Pope, Napoleon became seriously concerned as his confidence ebbed away. He noted this:

The Pope could have been won over as additional means of binding together the federated parts of the Empire. I should have had my religious as well as my legislative sessions. My councils would have constituted the representatives of Christianity, and the successor of St. Peter would have been the President.

Too late, as Karl Rothschild had already seen to it that such a plan would not succeed. No historian can tell why Napoleon attacked Russia in 1812. Theories abound but none of substance. Alexander I said of the attack:

"Napoleon waged war on me in the most odious fashion and has deceived me in the most treacherous manner."

Napoleon did not want to make war on Russia

For his part, Napoleon told General Gourgaud:

I did not want to make war on Russia. Bassano and Champagny [Ministers of Foreign Affairs] persuaded me that the note of Russia was meant as a declaration of war. I really thought that Russia wanted war. What were the real motives of the campaign in Russia? I do not know, possibly the Emperor himself did not know more than I did.

The Rothschilds ruined Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo. He was betrayed by Marshal Soult, a man he had befriended, but who was in the pay of the Rothschilds. Napoleon made Soult the Duke of Dalmatia with a salary of millions of francs and appointed him Marshal of the Army. At Waterloo, Soult failed to take and hold Gemappe, an important village to anchor the flank of Napoleon's army.

Worse yet, Marshal Grouchy who was supposed to provide reinforcements arrived 24 hours too late, even though he heard the guns and knew that the battle had been joined. Of Soult, Napoleon complained bitterly:

Soult, my second in command at Waterloo, did not aid me as much as he might have done... His staff, in spite of my orders, was not organized. Soult was very easily discouraged... Soult was worth nothing. Why during the battle did he not keep order at Gemappe?

Worse yet, on the morning of the battle, an enemy inside the Corsican's personal staff put a substance in his breakfast that caused him to suffer a terrible migraine.

Such is the power of the Rothschilds and the falsification of history; but for the treachery and treason committed against him, Napoleon would have soundly defeated Blucher and Wellington.

Soult served his masters well; they gave him some of the highest offices in France. That he was the father of Bismarck has often been suggested, but never proved. At one time Bismarck's mother was Soult's mistress, as confirmed by Bismarck: Not my talents or capacities made me great, but the fact that my mother was the mistress of Soult, [one of the 300] who all helped me.

Bismarck was "made" by the Rothschilds

Bismarck was "made" by the Rothschilds through the Menkens. His father, William, had married a Louise Menken, whom Count Cherep-Spiridovich said was a Jewess.

Marshall Soult, who betrayed Napoleon at Waterloo, was a member of the Committee of 300, who occupied the top posts in France until his death.

Soult was often in attendance of William Bismarck country residence and was widely believed to be the father of younger Bismarck. It was this "hold" over Bismarck mother that kept young Bismarck under the control of James Rothschild.

In 1833, Bismarck was up against tough times and in danger of losing his property. Through Disraeli, James Rothschild befriended the young Bismarck and sought to create his as a "conservative" future leader of Europe. Oscar Arnim, a member of the Reichstag married Bismarck's sister, Malian.

Following the marriage Bismarck was totally under the direction of Lionel Rothschild. That Bismarck knew it was clear from a statement made by Walter Rathenau in 1871:

To those who insisted upon treating Bismarck as a great political genius, a man of fate, marked, like Napoleon with the seal of a tragic predestination, Bismarck would repeat, that he did not believe in great providential men; that according to his belief, political celebrities owed their reputations, if not to chance, at least to circumstances which they themselves could not have foreseen.

Bismarck discloses "the high financial powers of europe"

Chapter 8

Bismarck certainly knew that the American Civil War was fomented by what he called "the High Financial Powers of Europe." This is confirmed in the remarkable account published by Conrad Siem in La Vielle France, N 216, in March 1921. According to Siem, Bismarck talked with him in 1876 about the Civil War:

The division of the United States into two federations

The division of the United States into two federations was decided long before the Civil War by the High Financial Powers of Europe. Those bankers were afraid of the United States, if they remained in one block and as one nation would attain economical and financial independence, which would upset their domination over the World. The voice of the Rothschilds predominated. They saw tremendous booty if they substituted two feeble democracies indebted to them, to the vigorous Republic, confident and self-providing. Lincoln never suspected these underground machinations. He was Anti-Slaverist, and he was elected as such. But his character prevented him from being the man of one party. When he had affairs in his hands, he perceived that these sinister financiers of Europe, the Rothschilds, wanted him to be the executor of their designs. They made the rupture between the North and the South imminent! The Masters of Finance in Europe made this rupture definitive in order to exploit it to the utmost... Lincoln's personality surprised them. They thought to easily dupe the candidate woodcutter. His candidature did not trouble them. But Lincoln read their plots and soon understood that the South was not the worst foe, but the financiers. He did not confide his apprehensions; he watched the gestures of the Hidden Hand. He did not wish to expose publicly which would disconcert the ignorant masses. He decided to eliminate the International Bankers by establishing a system of loans, allowing the states to borrow directly from the people without intermediary. He did not study finance, but his robust good sense revealed to him, that the source of any wealth, resides in the work and the economy of the nation. He opposed emissions through the International Financiers. He obtained from Congress the right to borrow from the people by selling to it the bonds of States. The local banks were only too glad to help such a system and the government and the People escaped the plots of the foreign financiers. They understood at once that the United States would escape their grip. The death of Lincoln was resolved. Nothing is easier than to find a fanatic to strike. The death of Lincoln was a disaster for Christendom. There was no man in the United States big enough to wear his boots. The international financiers went anew to grab the riches of the world. Fear that with their banks, their craftiness and their torturous tricks - they will entirely control the exuberant riches of America and use it to systematically corrupt modern civilization. I fear that they will not hesitate to plunge the whole of Christendom into wars and chaos, in order that the earth shall become their inheritance.

(I wish to reiterate that the preparation for this work I encompassed ten months of intensive research on this particular subject work at the British Museum. The books from which sources are quoted, such as Talks With Napoleon at St. Helena and Propaganda in the Next War and the works of John Reeves - and many others mentioned may no longer be available).

Russia provoked a peculiar hatred in the Rothschilds

Russia provoked a peculiar hatred in the Rothschilds who set their face against the Romanov family. The daughter of Tiesenhaus, a prominent German historian wrote that she shared her father's distrust of the Tsar:

... But after meeting him, in common with many others, she was impressed with Alexander's frankness, energy and nobility of character. This impression deepened into a loyal and devoted friendship. {Emperor Alexander - Mrs. de Choiseul-Guffress)

According to Count Cherep-Spiridovich, Nathan Rothschild tried to instigate a revolution in Russia, but was unsuccessful, and Lionel confessed to Disraeli that it was prepared in Germany:

"The chief agents of the James Rothschild III were mobilized against Tsar Nicholas I to provoke a war in the Crimea, but they were unable to win, so they poisoned Nicholas I in 1855." (British Museum Papers, Hidden Hand, page 119)

In these momentous events, Disraeli played a big role, either as a "confessor" or advisor to the Rothschilds. How the Rothschilds gained control of Marie Louise is told by Mrs. Edith E. Cuthell in her book, An Imperial Victim:

In December 1827 Marie Louise, the widow of Napoleon I raised a loan often ten million francs from Rothschild. On February 22, 1829, she lost her husband Count Neipperg, which remained a mystery to all historians. Prince Metternich who had been a mere "clerk" of Salomon Rothschild of Vienna, told Bombelles, another Rothschild protege that he wished a man who could guide the weak character of Marie Louise. Bombelles became the confidant of Marie Louise and then married her.

The Rothschilds now had complete control of Napoleon's widow through Bombelles who had captured her heart while she was still Countess Niepperg.

According to the author Edmond Rostand, Bombelles was extremely handsome. Writing of Bombelles, Mrs. E.E. Cuthwell describes him thus:

He has even more ambition. With his soft voice he whispered into the ears of women. Bombelles wished to marry a Mlle Cavanaugh, who had money. He gained his object. His wife died, bequeathing him her heart in a leaden case. He buried it. A year later he had a desperate passion for another rich heiress, who declined it. (An Imperial Victim, page 321) After the death of Marie, Louise Bombelles was appointed Comptroller to the Emperor of Austria. Rumors that she died of poison floated about Parma and spread further. " (Page 373) Count Cherep-Spiridovich narrates what followed: Bombelles, supported by Salomon and his clerk, Metternich, was appointed the 'educator' of the future Emperor of Austria, Franz Joseph. Bombelles was the responsible author of the most awful disloyalty, baseness and cruelty of Austria, which began to amaze the whole world since 1848, when Franz Joseph was only eighteen years old became the Emperor de jure, and Bombelles was the 'power behind the throne' receiving and executing the orders of Rothschild. Their first act was to betray their word to Nicholas I who put as a condition 'sine qua non' mercy for Hungarian General Sheezeny and others. Franz Joseph strangled them, as soon as the Russian troops left Austria. (Hidden Hand, page 123)

The Rothschilds were not only moneylenders, but also speculators. The greatest area of interest to them was the construction of the railroads of Europe and Russia, which they latched onto and held onto. In one account of this endeavor contained in British Museum papers, James Rothschild compelled France to accept financing for its North Railroad:

The Government took upon itself the obligation to spend 100 million francs in order to build the roadbed. James consented to spend 60 millions in providing rail cars etc. He received during 40 years 17 millions yearly by way of income, i.e. 620 millions in interest plus the principal of 60 millions. In this undertaking the Rothschilds used 60 millions of their depositors' money for which they paid them 4% interest, or 2,400,000 yearly, thus getting 14,600,000 francs per annum for their signature. The Journal des Debats in order to deceive the nation stated in July 1843, that Rothschild is begging for the privilege to ruin himself. The French press acted the role of agent provocateur as early as fifty years before the scandal of Panama. The Rothschilds coveted this rich prey, the railroads, at any cost. At one time the Government passed through a period of honesty and had the temerity to stem their aggression. In 1838, M. Martin, from the North [railroad company] suggested to Parliament a net of railroads to be built by the State. If M. Martin's plan, based on two pillars of monopoly banking and transportation had been approved by Parliament, the financial fealty would have been killed at its inception. But the Rothschilds, through the press controlled by them, found the way to acquire the railroads. In 1840, the West and South lines were conceded to the Rothschilds and the Foulds.

(The Foulds were international bankers strategically placed in France to act out Rothschild orders).

By 1845, all the great lines belonged to these two companies. One of the most incisive reporters on the Rothschilds was John Reeves who wrote the book The Rothschilds - The Financial Rulers of Nations. The following comments taken from the book show just how incisive and penetrating of the curtain of mystery surrounding the Rothschilds was Reeves, whose observations of Nathan Rothschild are perhaps without equal:

The amount of fortune he left always remained a secret. The Business was to be conducted by the four sons in cooperation with their uncles abroad. To each of his daughters he left $500,000, which was to be forfeited if they married without the consent of their mother and brothers. There were no legacies to his employees and no charitable bequests... the first occasion on which Nathan assisted the English Government was in 1819, when he undertook the loan of $60 million. From 1818 to 1832, Nathan issued eight loans for the sum of $105,400,000. With Spain, or the South American states that had formerly acknowledged the Spanish flag, he would never have anything to do. The explanation of some historians is that it was because of the Spanish Inquisition. One cause of his success was the torturous policy with which he misled those who watched him. In 1831 Nathan Mayer took control of the quicksilver mines of Idria in Austria, and simultaneously similar mines in Almadena, in Spain. Thus all the mercury, indispensable as medicine, was in his hands, and he doubled and trebled its price. It had terrific consequences upon the sick and the suffering of all nations price... Another accurate reporter of the Rothschilds was M. Martin whose book, Stories of Banks and Bankers gave some interesting facts. Nathan never paid his employees a cent more than was necessary for their subsistence or at least not a farthing more than they would compel him to pay.

Writing about Lionel Rothschild, Reeves made the following comments in his book, pages 205-207:

Lionel concentrated his thoughts exclusively on the consolidation of his immense fortune. Great prudence marked his enterprises. In the negotiations of foreign loans Lionel was particularly active, as this business at once lucrative and comparatively free from risk, was one, which he preferred before all others. During his lifetime his firm was interested in the issue of no less than eighteen Government loans, amounting in aggregate to seven hundred million dollars. To enter into the details of these transactions would be to give the financial history of Europe.

To understand how the Rothschilds prospered, especially in their special area of expertise in lending money to governments of Europe and indeed, the world, I examined the work of John Reeves, whose book we have referred to frequently, and will continue to refer to throughout the remainder of this work as well as the sources in the papers in the British Museum.

A much overlooked aspect of negro slavery in america

Chapter 9

Before turning to the aspect of successful money-lending, in America as engaged in by the Rothschilds, I shall touch upon the question of slavery that has arisen in recent years. Some say that the descendants of the Negroes should be compensated for the hardship afflicted upon their forbears.

It is an important issue given the fact, that the Rothschilds used slavery as an excuse to foment the American Civil War. The idea was said to have come from Benjamin Disraeli, Lionel and James, who sat down to dinner after the wedding of Lionel's daughter for which all the Rothschilds had assembled in London. According to Count Cherep-Spiridovich:

... The Rothschilds started the American Civil War. Though disputes has existed since 1812 between the South and the North, the war might never had happened, but for the hidden hand of the Rothschilds.

By manipulating and inflaming passions the dispute became a cause for war even though the South was beginning to realize, that slavery was not an economic plus.

Slavery should never have been allowed in the United States, but alas, it was. There are different kinds of slavery. In Europe, the poor lived in the slavery of abject poverty and degradation. In England and Ireland it was much the same story. The poor lived in terrible conditions. Their sons were conscripted to serve in the armed forces and millions of them lost their lives.

The British generals, especially Lord Douglas Haig were notorious for the lack of concern for the heavy casualties they suffered. In Ireland, millions died of starvation. While slavery should be universally condemned, nevertheless, it was tolerated in America, but comparatively, the poor classes of Europe, Ireland and England suffered as great hardship as the slaves in America.

On an occasion it was doubted whether the slaves in America would want to change their condition with the slaves of Ireland and England. But the hidden hand of the Quakers and "abolitionists" kept up a drumbeat of slander against the South until the demons, who had contrived the whole issue of slavery to boil over, got their way.

Negro slaves in America were not generally subjected to such appalling conditions of horror. Thus when we examine the sometimes exaggerated descriptions of slavery in America as written, preached and expounded by the abolitionists and the Quakers, we have to admit, if we are unbiased, that comparatively speaking American Negro slaves were far better treated than the poor in Europe and Great Britain:

At the beginning of the 19th century, Great Britain, owing to false principles of government to the ignorant and blind cultivation of trade and industries, had the appearance of a State driven to the utmost opposite and contradictory extremes. Priding itself on the possession of the freest constitution in Europe, England yet concealed the greatest tyranny; possessing unbounded riches, it yet allowed the poor peasantry of Ireland to die of hunger, whilst the privation and distress prevalent among the laboring classes was as great and indescribable as to threaten to end in riot and rebellion. The hardships endured by the poorer classes were aggravated by the disgraceful condition of our political system. Morality was at a discount; bribery and intrigue were the order of the day. The thoughts of all were turned to complete forgetfulness of the sufferings of others. Corruption was so widespread, that the independence of the Crown and that of the constituencies was threatened. (Sir William Molesworth) In 1797 the English banks found themselves deeply embarrassed, mainly in consequence of the demands of the Government, which borrowed millions every year for the war and for support by subsidies of half of the Continental Powers. (John Reeves, The Rothschilds, page 162)

It would seem that even the Rothschilds could not believe their good fortune. The character, "Sidonia", created by Disraeli in his novel Coningsby and which was in fact based on Nathan Rothschild said: Can anything be more absurd than that a nation should apply to an individual to maintain its credit, and with its credit, its existence as an empire? (Page 248)

Rothschild's hold over the British Government through extensive loans

This very accurately described the Rothschild bankers and their hold over the British Government through extensive loans. No wonder that President Garfield once said: Whoever controls the money controls that nation.

The Rothschild's progeny carried on that tradition. For instance, Lionel Rothschild financed the British Government's Suez Canal undertaking. It is more than likely that without Lionel's financial backing the Suez Canal may not have been dug.

It was Lionel Rothschild who put up the $20 million that the British Government paid for the land purchased from the Khedive. But as with all their ventures, Lionel demanded and got a high return, 500,000 pounds for a couple of endorsements that took no more than a few hours of his time.

At a much earlier time, Mayer Amschel felt it would benefit the Rothschilds if he sent his son Nathan to England, where he took up residence in Manchester. According to Sir Thomas Buxton, the reason why Amschel chose to send Nathan to live in Manchester has already been partly explained herein.

Many English manufacturers sent in 1789 a man to Frankfurt to offer their goods. The Rothschild trick consisted of keeping him a long time, and later giving him the hugest order for Germany.

In the meantime, Nathan was sent to Manchester, where he bought all of the available cotton and dyestuffs. When the representative returned to Manchester with orders, the manufacturers had to apply to Nathan for these materials and he made them pay treble the price and even refused to sell the stuff, thus making them pay his father enormous 'damages.' Then he took the cotton and the dyes to some manufacturers and they manufactured the stuff for him at the lowest price. This base trick ruined many people in Manchester.

This plundering made Manchester very indignant. Nathan was frightened and fled to London, where the London Stock Exchange was a larger field for his exploitation.

Nathan multiplies his capital 2,500 times in five years

In later years none of the members of the Exchange could boast like Nathan of having multiplied his capital 2,500 times during the course of five years. (John Reeves, The Rothschilds, page 167)

Another reason why Nathan suddenly went to London is given in the documents referred to in the British Museum:

The reason also was that Wilhelm IX of Hesse-Cassel (1785-1821) was persuaded by Amschel to transfer his affairs in London, from the bank of van Notten into the hands of Nathan. Of course, 'accidentally' a whole gang of those Frankfurt Illuminati went with Nathan to London to try and do the same thing there, but the British were too clever to be deceived. When France invaded Germany, Wilhelm IX [since called the Elector] gave $3,000,000 to Amschel, which he sent to Nathan in London to prevent it from falling into the hands of Napoleon. Just at that moment the Company of India had $4,000,000 in gold. Nathan bought it and increased its price. He cornered gold in London. This arrangement has endured and even today, N.M. Rothschild fixes the price of gold on a daily basis every morning, and the Rothschild "fixing" is accepted as the "official" gold price throughout the world. He [Nathan] knew the Duke of Wellington needed it. Nathan also bought the Duke's bills at a large discount. The Government asked Nathan for a loan of his gold and he transferred it to Portugal. Nathan loaned his gold and it was returned, but he compelled the repayment of the Duke's bills at their full value. Thus he made 50%. Then he again loaned his gold at 15% and received it back and transported it to Portugal with a huge commission. The Duke needed this gold to pay the outfitters of his Army who were all Portuguese, Spanish and Dutch Jews. Thus not a single pound of gold was received by Wellington, only orders to Nathan's agents in Portugal, who were paid by Rothschild in Frankfurt. This operation 