AGARTALA, India — This finger of land wrapped around Bangladesh is the last refuge for many of India’s most endangered species, including the pygmy hog, the white-bellied heron and, perhaps most critically, the dyed-in-the-wool Communist.

Chief Minister Manik Sarkar of Tripura State is one of India’s last Communists with political power, and he is a fine specimen of this disappearing species. He wears simple cotton tunics, leads blood donation drives and has a nearly empty personal bank account. His wife, perhaps even more beloved than he, goes to market by rickshaw.

But Mr. Sarkar’s isolation will probably become even more acute after the votes are officially counted on Friday in India’s national elections. For the first time, Communists are likely to win fewer than 16 seats in the national Parliament, possibly as few as 10. That would be a showing so disastrous in a body of 543 elected seats that many analysts are predicting their eventual extinction in a land that has been such fertile ground for Marx, Lenin and Stalin that these were once popular first names.

“Left-wing politics are alive and well in India, but true Communism will soon die out,” said Dilip Simeon, an author and a former Maoist guerrilla. “And they have only themselves to blame.”