Once in a lifetime: Transit of Venus puts on spectacular show for the last time until 2117


Stargazers from across the globe gathered together to watch one of the rarest astronomical spectacles today.



From the U.S. and UK to South Korea, people around the world turned their attention to the daytime sky to make sure they caught the planet Venus passing directly between the sun and Earth - a transit that won't occur again for another 105 years.

The transit of Venus happens in pairs eight years apart - but then with more than a century between cycles.

During the pass, Venus appears as a small, dark round spot moving across the face of the sun, like a bug on a dinner plate.



Enthralling: Venus is silhouetted as it crosses in front of the sun as it sets behind the Kansas City, Missouri skyline on Tuesday, June 5, 2012

Planet Venus is seen as a black dot as it transits across the Sun during sunrise in Sofia, Bulgaria on June 6, 2012

The transit of Venus taken from Burton Dassett between Stratford Upon Avon and Banbury, UK Venus is seen transiting across the Sun on June 6, 2012 outside Sarajevo The planet Venus passes in front of the Sun as seen during the sunrise behind the Bratislava Castle in Bratislava, Slovakia, 06 June 2012 A bite out of the sun: This image of the transit was taken from Burton Dassett, between Stratford Upon Avon and Banbury A close-up of the images from Burton Dassett show Venus just taking a nip out of the sun 'If you can see the mole on Cindy Crawford's face, you can see Venus,' Van Webster, a member of the Los Angeles Astronomical Society, told anyone who stopped by his telescope for a peek on Mount Hollywood. For astronomers, the transit wasn't just a rare planetary spectacle. It was also one of those events they hoped would spark curiosity about the universe and our place in it. Sul Ah Chim, a researcher at the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute in South Korea, said he hoped people see life from a larger perspective, and 'not get caught up in their small, everyday problems.' 'When you think about it from the context of the universe, 105 years is a very short period of time and the Earth is only a small, pale blue spot,' he said. While astronomers used the latest technology to document the transit, American astronaut Don Pettit aboard the International Space Station attempted to take the clearest-ever photos of the event and post them online. A composite sequence photo of the steps of the entire transit of Venus seen over the sky of Seoul, South Korea, 6 June 2012 NASA had all eyes on the transit, ensuring to capture the images for posterity - if they had messed the shot up, it's a 105-year-wait for the next one Dramatic: This image provided by NASA shows the Solar Dynamic Observatory's ultra-high definition view of Venus on it's transit, an event which will not occur for another 105 years Impressive: This image provided by NASA shows the Solar Dynamic Observatory's ultra-high definition view of Venus, black dot at top center, passing in front of the sun on Tuesday, June 5, 2012 Bright: This is just one frame of an astonishing short video put online by NASA of Venus passing the sun

Monumental: The planet Venus passes in front of the sun as it begins to set behind the Goddess of Liberty atop the Texas State Capitol in Austin, Texas, left, and near the KCPL building in downtown Kansas City, Mo, right

Scene: A view of the Sun as the planet Venus passes in between the Sun and the Earth in New York, New York, USA, 05 June 2012 Many ways to view it, many places in the world to see it: Professor Hashim Ahmed Yousif al-Sayed, dean at the College of Science at the University of Bahrain, projects the sun's image for students THE SALFORD SIDE STREET WHERE MODERN ASTRONOMY WAS BORN: HOW THE TRANSIT WAS FIRST SEEN IN 1639



Ford Madox Brown's 'Crabtree watching the Transit of Venus in 1639' shows how Crabtree captured the transit - a groundbreaking achievement for the time The first observation of the Transit of Venus - where the planet passes directly between the sun and the Earth - was made by Salford stargazer William Crabtree in 1639. The former Manchester Grammar School pupil's observation - lauded by some as the birthplace f modern astronomy - was made with a helioscope from his bedroom window and proved that planets orbit the sun and not the Earth. To mark Crabtree's legacy, the room where he made the discovery was transformed to how it would have been in his time, using furnishings from Ordsall Hall. Organisers linked up with NASA for the special event, which involved actors in period dress recreating Crabtree's moment of discovery. Footage from the house at Lower Broughton Road -which retains Tudor features from his day - was beamed to millions of internet users from NASA's site. Meanwhile, a giant projector on the side of the house was set up to screen images of the Transit from NASA's telescope in Hawaii, and guests at the event were able to take part in a question and answer session with the American space agency's experts. Jodrell Bank astrophysicist Dr Tim O'Brien, gave a presentation on the Transit. The event was organised by Salford's assistant mayor for international relations, Stephen Coen, who lives in the house, Salford's assistant mayor for culture, Ann-Marie Humphreys, and Madlab, a not-for-profit organisation who run a community science lab in the Northern Quarter. The re-enactment featured David Mee, one of the directors of Madlab, as Crabtree. Emma Humphreys, 14, of Higher Broughton, played his young wife, while Demi Parker, 6, of Prestwich, played their daughter. Organisers used a painting by Ford Madox Brown, the pre-Raphaelite painter who lived in Crumpsall and Victoria Park, near Longsight, for inspiration. The picture, which is exhibited in Manchester Town Hall, recreates the look of the period in painstaking detail, although it depicts Crabtree as a mature gentleman, when he was actually just 29 when he made the discovery. Cllr Humphreys said: 'Crabtree is not as well-known as he should be, which is one of the reasons we wanted to do this. His friend, Jeremiah Horrocks also saw the Transit near Preston and is much better remembered, although Crabtree's observations were more accurate. 'Crabtree's work was not just important for modern astronomy, but also improved the science of navigation, which helped develop the British Empire.' Rachael Turner, from Madlab, said: 'Crabtree appeals to us because he was a citizen scientist - a cloth merchant who did science at home for a hobby. Madlab is all about science for the fun of it.'

Meanwhile, terrestrial stargazers were warned to only look at the celestial event with a properly filtered telescope or cardboard eclipse glasses. If the sun is viewed directly, permanent eye damage could result. In Los Angeles, throngs jammed Mount Hollywood where the Griffith Observatory rolled out the red carpet for Venus. The last time the city witnessed a Venus transit was 130 years ago in 1882. A 2004 transit was not visible from the western U.S. RELATED ARTICLES Previous

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Minutes before Venus first touched the outer edge of the sun, Sousa's 'Transit Of Venus March' blared through. The crowd turned their attention skyward. For nearly 18 minutes, Venus appeared as a black spot.

Jamie Jetton took the day off from work to bring her two nephews, six and 11, visiting from Arizona to the observatory. Sporting eclipse glasses, it took a little while before they spotted Venus. 'I'm still having fun. It's an experience. It's something we'll talk about for the rest of our lives,' she said.

A NASA composite shows the path of Venus across the sun The transit of Venus taken from Burton Dassett between Stratford Upon Avon and Banbury, UK - Venus has made a spectacular transit across the sun in a rare event that wont be witnesse again for over a hundred years

Venus crosses the sun from an observation point in Pakistan on June 6, 2012

Worldwide fascination: The planet Venus makes its transit across the Sun as seen from Kathmandu on June 6, 2012 Morning breaks: An observer looks through a telescope during sunrise in Vienna

Mesmerising: Spectators at Edgewater Park in Cleveland watch the sun set as the planet Venus crosses the upper right portion of the star, Tuesday, June 5, 2012 The U.S.: The planet Venus makes a transit as a person watches the sun set over the Great Salt Lake outside Salt Lake City, Utah, June 5, 2012 Bo Tan, a 32-year-old software engineer took a half day off from work and went with his co-workers to the observatory. He admitted he wasn't an astronomy buff but could not miss this opportunity. HOW NASA WILL USE THE MOON AS A TELESCOPE During the transit of Venus across the sun's face, the Hubble Space Telescope looked in the opposite direction - at the moon.

Hubble cannot look at the sun directly due to the intensity of the sun's light, so astronomers are planning to use the images of the moon as a mirror to capture reflected sunlight.

They will then isolate the small fraction of the light that passes through Venus's atmosphere.

Imprinted on that light are the fingerprints of the planet's atmospheric makeup. This is an experiment to see how well Venus's atmosphere can be studied spectroscopically, which will help prepare us for transit observations of extrasolar planets. He pointed his eclipse glasses at the sun and steadied his Nikon camera behind it to snap pictures. 'It makes you feel like a small speck in the universe,' he said. In Mexico, at least 100 people lined up two hours early to view the event through telescopes or one of the 150 special viewing glasses on hand, officials said. Observation points were also set up at a dozen locations. Venus, which is extremely hot, is one of Earth's two neighbors and is so close in size to our planet that scientists at times call them near-twins. During the transit, it will appear as a small dot.

This will be the seventh transit visible since German astronomer Johannes Kepler first predicted the phenomenon in the 17th century. Because of the shape and speed of Venus' orbit around the sun and its relationship to Earth's annual trip, transits occur in pairs separated by more than a century.

It's nowhere near as dramatic and awe-inspiring as a total solar eclipse, which sweeps a shadow across the Earth, but there will be six more of those this decade.

In Hawaii, hundreds of tourists and locals passed through an area of Waikiki Beach where the University of Hawaii set up eight telescopes and two large screens showing webcasts of the transit as seen from telescopes at volcanoes on other Hawaiian islands. But minutes after Venus crossed into the sun's path, clouds rolled overhead and blocked the direct view.

'It's always the challenge of being in Hawaii - are you going to be able to see through the clouds,' said Greg Mansker, 49, of Pearl City, as he stood in line at a telescope. The intermittent clouds didn't stop people from looking up through filters, but it did drive some to crowd the screens instead. Spectacular: The planet Venus can be seen on its transit of the Sun, from Beijing

Last-in-a-lifetime: In this photo made using a red filter, Venus begins to pass in front of the sun, as visible from from Overland Park, Kan. on Tuesday

Impressive: A bird sits atop one of the domes of the landmark Taj Mahal as Venus, top left, begins to pass in front of the sun, as visible from Agra, India, Wednesday, June 6, 2012

The planet Venus makes its transit across the Sun as seen from Kathmandu

Venus is seen as a dot as it transits across the Sun on June 6, 2012 outside Sarajevo Show: The planet Venus crosses the upper right portion of the sun as seen from Edgewater Park in Cleveland on Tuesday, June 5, 2012

Rarity: A view of the Sun as the planet Venus passes in between the Sun and the Earth in New York, New York, USA, 05 June 2012

Drawing near: In this handout image provided by NASA, the SDO satellite captures the approach of Venus before it transits across the face of the sun on June 5, 2012 from space Rare: Handout image courtesy of NASA shows the planet Venus at the start of its transit of the Sun, June 5, 2012. One of the rarest astronomical events occurs on Tuesday and Wednesday when Venus passes directly between the sun and Earth, a transit that won't occur again until 2117

Jenny Kim, 39, of Honolulu, said she told her 11-year-old son the planet's crossing would be the only time he'd get to see the transit in person. 'I don't know what the future will be, so I think this will be good for him,' Kim said as she snapped photos of the webcast with her smartphone.

Astronomers also planned viewings at Pearl Harbor and Ko Olina.

NASA planned a watch party at its Goddard Visitor Center in Maryland with solar telescopes, 'Hubble-quality' images from its Solar Dynamics Observatory Mission and expert commentary and presentations.

Most people don't tend to gaze at the sun for long periods of time because it's painful and people instinctively look away. But there's the temptation to stare at it during sky shows like solar eclipses or transits of Venus.



The eye has a lens and if you stare at the sun, it concentrates sunlight on the retina and can burn a hole through it. It's similar to when you hold a magnifying glass under the blazing sun and light a piece of paper on fire.

It can take several hours for people to notice problems with their eyes but, by that time, the damage is done and, in some cases, irreversible.



Fascinated: Eight-year-old Alex Olling smiles as he uses makeshift sunglasses to watch Venus crossing the sun's face on June 5, 2012 as seen from College Park, Maryland Stunned: A man uses a sun observation glass to watch the transit of Venus across the face of the sun on June 5, 2012, in Medellin, Antioquia department, Colombia



Curious: People use solar glasses to view the transit of Venus across the face of the sun on June 5, 2012 from Riverside Park on the west side of Manhattan in New York

Technique: Astronomer Raminder Samra attempts to get the view of Venus crossing the Sun using a shadow on a piece of paper and the telescope at the MacMillan Southam Observatory in Vancouver, British Columbia June 5, 2012

Preparation: Hong Kong stargazers use a special telescope to observe the transit of Venus along the Victoria Habour

Early risers turn out to see Venus transit across the sun from Wimbledon Common in the early hours of this morning

During the 1970 solar eclipse visible from the eastern U.S., 145 burns of the retina were reported, according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Experts from Hong Kong's Space Museum and local astronomical groups were organizing a viewing Wednesday outside the museum's building on the Kowloon waterfront overlooking the southern Chinese city's famed Victoria Harbor.

The transit is happening during a 6-hour, 40-minute span that began just after 6 p.m. EDT in the United States. What you can see and for how long depends on what the sun's doing in your region during that exact window, and the weather.

Those in most areas of North and Central America will see the start of the transit until the sun sets, while those in western Asia, the eastern half of Africa and most of Europe will catch the transit's end once the sun comes up.



Hawaii, Alaska, eastern Australia and eastern Asia including Japan, North and South Korea and eastern China will get the whole show since the entire transit will happen during daylight in those regions.

Spectacle: Venus begins to pass in front of the sun, as visible from New York, Tuesday, June 5, 2012

Vision: Venus, upper right, transits the sun as seen through a dark glass from Quito, Ecuador, Tuesday, June 5, 2012