WASHINGTON — Congress is reviewing the Trump administration’s decision to lift sanctions on companies owned by Oleg V. Deripaska, an influential Russian oligarch with close ties to President Vladimir V. Putin, Democrats said on Friday.

The reviews could fuel a congressional effort to block the administration’s decision, which came after an aggressive lobbying and legal campaign against the sanctions by Mr. Deripaska’s corporate empire.

Senator Chuck Schumer of New York, the Democratic leader, laid the groundwork to block the lifting of the sanctions on Friday, filing a congressional resolution disapproving of the move by the Treasury Department.

In a statement accompanying the resolution, Mr. Schumer said that “critical questions” remained unanswered about the agreement to lift the sanctions between the Treasury Department and Mr. Deripaska’s companies, including the aluminum giant Rusal.