I t has now been a year since Jamal Khashoggi was brutally murdered at the Saudi consulate in Istanbul, a murder that tarnished the carefully-built “reformer” image of crown prince Mohammed bin Salman in Washington, transformed US-Saudi relations in an unprecedented way, and sparked heated debates in Congress to cut weapons sales to the Kingdom and end the catastrophic war in Yemen.

The premeditated murder, and the Saudi government’s subsequent denials, tarnished a carefully built image of the Kingdom’s young crown prince, Mohammed bin Salman, a leader who has tried to be seen as a “reformer” transforming a conservative monarchy into a modern nation. But the Khashoggi murder uncovered a dark layer of brutality that had been hidden behind what looked like a new era.

Jamal Khashoggi’s murder was extensively covered by American media. He was a well-known journalist who wrote columns for The Washington Post and had deep connections in the US foreign policy establishment, especially in the Washington area where he resided more than a year.

He was a long-time Saudi government insider who was a source for American journalists, spoke on panels at institutions and think tanks, and briefed members of Congress and their staff.

Not only that, but the way he was murdered was so horrific and the unfolding tale began to resemble a Hollywood spy movie, that it generated massive attention, says Mohamad Bazzi, a journalism professor at New York University and former Middle East bureau chief at Newsday.

Jamal Khashoggi death: key figures Show all 7 1 /7 Jamal Khashoggi death: key figures Jamal Khashoggi death: key figures Jamal Khashoggi Washington Post journalist who was critical of the Saudi regime and the young Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, he was murdered on 2 October in the Saudi Arabian consulate in Istanbul AFP Jamal Khashoggi death: key figures Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman Heir to the Saudi throne, Mohammed bin Salman has been implicated in the murder, with US officials claiming that he must have known of the plot AFP/Getty Jamal Khashoggi death: key figures 15 man hit squad Turkish police suspect these 15 men of being involved in the murder of Jamal Khashoggi, issued 10 October, 8 days after the journalist disappeared EPA Jamal Khashoggi death: key figures Saud al-Qahtani Aide to Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Saud al-Qahtani is claimed to have ordered Khashoggi's murder Saud Al-Qahtani/Twitter Jamal Khashoggi death: key figures Maher Abdulaziz Mutreb A former diplomat who often travelled with the Crown Prince, Mutreb was initially claimed to be the leader of the hit squad and is pictured here entering the Saudi consulate on the day of the murder AP Jamal Khashoggi death: key figures Mustafa al-Madani First implicated in the 15 CCTV photos released by the Turkish police, al-Madani was later found to have been used as a body double for Khashoggi, leaving the Saudi consulate dressed in his clothes on the day the journalist was killed CNN Jamal Khashoggi death: key figures Salah bin Jamal Khashoggi (L) Son of the murdered journalist met with Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman on 23 October EPA

After the Khashoggi murder, Washington’s foreign policy establishment started turning on Mohammad bin Salman. Opinion makers such as Thomas Friedman and others who had helped present the Crown Prince as a reformer to the American public suddenly became critical of him.

The Saudi government, it seemed, had crossed a red line by going after a high-profile dissident familiar by name and face to the Washington elite.

For all of his foreign and domestic policy mistakes over the past three years – the death of thousands of civilians in the Saudi-led war on Yemen, the arrests of hundreds of human rights activists and political opponents, and the blockade against Qatar – Mr Bazzi believes Mohammad bin Salman could end up paying a higher price for the murder of one Saudi journalist.

It quickly became clear that the massive media coverage was affecting public opinion of the Saudi Kingdom here in the US.

“Americans now have a greater sense of the Saudi regime itself as a malign force”, a former Congressional aide tells The Independent.

“Even the September 11 terror attacks didn’t shift popular and political perceptions of Saudi Arabia among Americans as much as the Khashoggi murder”, he said.

The murder soon led a nearly 180-degree change in terms of how American voters, pundits and policy makers view the US-Saudi relationship. It’s been “the most significant change in bilateral relations in decades,” says the former Congressional aide.

Among lawmakers from both parties, Khashoggi’s murder turned private discomfort with Saudi Arabia into open outrage at the Kingdom’s actions.

Members of congress who had been reading the classified intelligence on Saudi Arabia’s activities for decades suddenly had an immense amount of political space to voice concern at the entanglement with such a partner, adds the former congressional aide.

Colonel Lawrence Wilkerson, former chief of staff to Secretary of State Colin Powell says the near unanimous agreement of the US intelligence community that the murder was ordered at the highest level, “pulled even diehard Saudi friends such as Lindsey Graham into the group wanting answers and action.”

But we will understand the seriousness of congress as it moves on policy provisions in the near future, says Colonel Wilkerson.

In July, congress voted to ban arms sales to Saudi Arabia with support from Democratic and Republican lawmakers who have criticized the death of thousands of civilians in Yemen and the brutal murder of Jamal Khashoggi.

But the Trump administration decided to stand behind the Kingdom and its Crown Prince. The president vetoed the measures saying the resolutions will weaken America’s global competitiveness and damage important relationships with allies and partners.

Trump also vetoed another measure back in April that would end US military involvement in the war in Yemen.

It was notable that Republican members of congress broke ranks and voted with Democrats in unprecedented move against Saudi Arabia.

President Trump, his son in law and senior adviser Jared Kushner, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, former National Security Adviser John Bolton, and former Defence Secretary Jim Mattis, all contradicted the conclusions of US intelligence services that Mohammed bin Salman was responsible for the murder.

Anniversary of Jamal Khashoggi's killing marked with Istanbul vigil

Most prior US administrations would have taken a tougher stance on the issue, says Stephen McInerney, Executive Director at Project on Middle East Democracy in Washington.

“Unfortunately President Trump and the White House and his son in law Jared Kushner have an unusually close relationship with Mohammad Bin Salman” and as a result they have gone out of their way to protect the crown prince and insulate him from this crime, McInerney tells The Independent.

Congressman Gerry Connolly, a Democrat from Virginia who represents the Washington suburb that Jamal Khashoggi resided in, says the Trump administration has not done anything appreciably significant at all.

“It’s winked and blinked and been an enabler in the murder of an American resident and abandoned American values,” he says.

The crown price cannot be immune from this scrutiny and the Saudi government needs to decide that Mohammad bin Salman is such a liability that they need to have a change of course, says Congressman Connelly.

Even if Saudi royals don’t isolate the crown prince, there is little he can do to repair his damaged ties with the United States, many observers believe.