(The Sept. 27 story corrects headline to attribute risk factor to expert, not WHO)

The headquarters of the World Health Organization (WHO) are pictured in Geneva, Switzerland, March 22, 2016. REUTERS/Denis Balibouse

GENEVA (Reuters) - Nearly half of the estimated 56 million abortions performed worldwide every year are unsafe and women in poor countries face even higher risks due to U.S. funding cuts to family planning programs abroad, health experts said on Thursday.

U.S. President Donald Trump has reinstated a policy that requires foreign NGOs that receive U.S. global family planning funds to certify that they do not perform abortions or provide abortion advice as a method of family planning.

Worldwide, 25 million unsafe abortions occurred every year between 2010 and 2014, according to a report by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Guttmacher Institute. Some 97 percent of those are in Africa, Asia and Latin America.

“Nearly half of abortions in the world are unsafe. And that is surprising because safe abortion is a simple intervention, scientifically speaking,” said Dr. Bela Ganatra of WHO department’s of reproductive health and research.

“There is an association between highly restrictive laws and unsafe abortion,” she told a news briefing.

All women and girls need access to sex education and effective contraception to avoid unwanted pregnancies and get safe abortion services if desired, Ganatra said.

Uruguay, Nepal and Ethiopia have made safe abortion accessible in recent years, she added. Ireland plans to hold a referendum next May or June on whether it should loosen some of the world’s strictest abortion laws, Prime Minister Leo Varadkar said on Tuesday.

Around 88 percent of abortions occur in developing countries, where contraception is often lacking, said Dr. Gilda Sedgh, principal research scientist at the Guttmacher Institute, speaking from New York.

Sedgh, asked about the impact of Trump’s executive order, said it bans U.S. health assistance to foreign NGOs if they provide abortion services, counseling or referrals, “even if they use non-U.S. funds for those activities”.

“Funding cuts to USAID, which is the channel through which family planning assistance is provided, has also been proposed in the U.S. budget,” she said.

“We don’t have hard evidence yet of the impact of those policy changes and proposed budget cuts.”

But a more limited so-called “gag rule” was imposed by previous Republican administrations, Sedgh said. Studies indicated that in sub-Saharan Africa this had led to an increase in abortions after clinics were forced to close.

“So looking ahead, we can only speculate based on the past, that it’s possible that this policy will again compromise women’s access to family planning services and put them at greater risk of abortion, including unsafe abortions.”