DR Congo election: Presidential poll hit by delays Published duration 30 December 2018

media caption Five things to know about DR Congo elections

Sunday's vote for a new president in the Democratic Republic of Congo has been hit by a series of delays that have left people frustrated.

The failure of new electronic voting machines in some polling stations was one of the challenges.

Polls have now closed in an election that is expected to bring the country's first peaceful transfer of power since independence in 1960.

President Joseph Kabila is stepping down after 17 years in power.

The final result is expected be announced in a week's time.

The election should have taken place two years ago but was repeatedly postponed because of logistical problems, officials said.

The run-up to the poll had been hit by violence and controversy over the decision to exclude some 1.26 million out of an electorate of nearly 40 million from voting.

image copyright AFP image caption Queues formed nationwide, including here at Sake in North Kivu

Polls officially closed at 17:00 (16:00 GMT), but people still in the queue at that time were allowed to vote.

How did the day go?

Things started slowly in the capital, Kinshasa, because of heavy rain.

There have been delays in a number of areas because of problems with the electronic voting machines, which are being used for the first time.

There was frustration in Limete, a district of Kinshasa, as the electoral register had not been delivered and people were unable to vote.

Those waiting then booed the head of the electoral commission (Ceni), Corneille Nangaa, who had come to the scene.

image copyright AFP image caption Voters made a choice on a touch-screen computer and the ballot paper was then printed

One voter there, Fidele Imani, told the BBC he felt positive after voting. "We have been waiting for two years and I'm happy to vote today," he said.

"We want change here, we need peace and security and people need more employment opportunities."

There were isolated incidents of violence. A police officer and a civilian were killed in Walungu, South Kivu province, in an altercation at a polling station, a UN official told the BBC.

Voters eventually see 'historic day'

Louise Dewast, BBC News, Kinshasa

image copyright Reuters

I visited two polling stations throughout the day. At the first location, one electronic voting machine broke down, causing delays, but generally the mood was calm.

I arrived at the second location six hours after polling stations were meant to have opened - but no one could vote because electoral rolls hadn't arrived.

At least 200 people were waiting, angry at the situation. Finally the electoral roll arrived and voting started.

Similar issues were reported by observers in several other locations.

Despite a chaotic electoral process, in general voters seemed motivated and glad this historic day finally took place.

Who's running for president?

image copyright AFP/Reuters image caption Opposition candidates Martin Fayulu (L) and Felix Tshisekedi (R) face Emmanuel Shadary (C), the former interior minister

There are 21 candidates, but three frontrunners:

Emmanuel Ramazani Shadary , a former interior minister and Kabila loyalist, who was hit by European Union sanctions for his role in the violent suppression of opposition protests in 2017

, a former interior minister and Kabila loyalist, who was hit by European Union sanctions for his role in the violent suppression of opposition protests in 2017 Martin Fayulu , a former oil executive who has promised "a dignified and prosperous Congo", but who poor Congolese feel may not advance their cause

, a former oil executive who has promised "a dignified and prosperous Congo", but who poor Congolese feel may not advance their cause Felix Tshisekedi Tshilombo, the son of a late veteran opposition leader who has promised to make the fight against poverty his priority

Regional observers monitored the vote but international observers, who had concluded previous elections in the country had lacked credibility, have not been invited.

'Citizen votes'

This week, voting in three districts was postponed until March, with the electoral commission blaming insecurity and an Ebola virus outbreak.

The decision in effect cancelled over one million votes, as the new president is due to be sworn in by mid-January regardless.

But some activists in places where polling has been cancelled have organised their own election, dubbed "citizen votes", the BBC's Gaius Kowene reports from the main eastern city of Goma.

image copyright AFP image caption Activists used materials from a previous election to set up their own vote

They are using ballot boxes from the 2011 elections and printed their own voting papers.

"We want to show the Ceni that if they fail to organise elections here because of Ebola, we can do it," organiser Katembo Malikidogo told the BBC.

More on the key presidential hopefuls

What's the context for these elections?

The current president took over from his assassinated father Laurent in 2001, but he was barred from running for another term under the constitution.

He was supposed to step down two years ago, but the election was postponed after the electoral commission said it needed more time to register voters.

image copyright AFP image caption President Joseph Kabila is stepping down after 17 years in power

The decision triggered violent clashes, as the opposition accused Mr Kabila of trying to cling on to power.

Then last week, the election was delayed again.