Genotype: -/- means double-null for the gene (from both mother and father). +/- means one copy ok (+) and one broken (-) is sufficient to have a positive impact. The rest require very specific sequences to see the positive effect. For example E6V means that at position 6 an "E" (Glutamate amino acid codon GAG) is mutated into a "V" (Valine codon GTG).

Note: Some of the above studies need independent reproduction.Lower case a,c,g,t are nucleotide variants (typically regulatory), while uppercase indicated amino acid variants.See also:Longevity: GenAge Database of Ageing-Related Genes Height: ~9,500 SNPs explain ~29% of phenotypic variance Pathogens: CFTR,NPC1,HEXA: Resistance to typhoid, cholera, mycotoxin abortions, enveloped viruses via MOGS, filoviruses, rabies via myasthenia gravis Space: radiation, low gravity, etc.

If you know of additional published or unpublished examples, or anyone who is exceptionally resistance to any disease, please let us know.Thanks to Jason Bobe, Cory Smith, Luke Dabin, Mark Handle, David Thompson, Noah Davidsohn, Dimitrie Leustean for suggested additions. --GMC 26-Oct-2011 4 genes: MSTN, LRP5, PCSK9, CCR504-Apr-2012 5 genes: MSTN, LRP5, PCSK9, CCR5, FUT223-Oct-2013 6 genes: + APP05-Feb-2014 11 genes.10-Sep-2015 19 genes.06-Sep-2017 28 genes.24-Oct-2018 44 genes.14-Aug-2019 51 genes.09-Oct-2019 52 genes: + ADRB118-Oct-2019 54 genes: + NPSR1 + NTRK18-Nov-2019 55 genes: + APOA1