OAKLAND, Calif. — A day before voters head to the polls to winnow the field of 27 candidates running for California governor, private surveys show businessman John Cox (R) surging into second place behind the front-runner, Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom (D).

Internal tracking polls obtained by The Hill, which were conducted independently of any gubernatorial campaign by both Democratic and Republican pollsters, show Newsom taking a little less than 30 percent of the vote, with Cox clocking in north of 20 percent. State Assemblyman Travis Allen (R), former Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa (D) and state Treasurer John Chiang (D) are all bunched around 10 percent.

Tuesday's all-party primary would mean GOP voters While Cox would be the distinct underdog in a matchup against Newsom in a state where unaffiliated voters outnumber Republicans, his presence on the fall ballot is still significant. Republicans had worried for months that failing to get a candidate throughall-party primary would mean GOP voters would stay home in November

"You have to have a Republican talking about the issues," McCarthy said in an interview Sunday . "If you have nobody making the policy arguments, turnout would collapse. Now we've got a whole different conversation."

Newsom, a former mayor of San Francisco, has led the field since joining the race to replace term-limited Gov. Jerry Brown (D). He initially faced a stiff challenge from both Villaraigosa, whose campaign was bolstered by millions in outside spending from charter school supporters, and Chiang, who raised an impressive amount of money for his own campaign.

But Villaraigosa and Chiang never caught fire. Greeting voters Monday morning at a mass transit station here, Villaraigosa projected optimism even as he acknowledged he is little-known outside the city he used to run.

"I know people up here don't know [my] name like the way people down there do," Villaraigosa told a handful of voters who stopped to shake his hand. "When you think about governor, the job most like governor is the mayor of L.A. Because L.A. is bigger than San Francisco, Oakland, San Diego, San Jose and Sacramento combined."

Later, Villaraigosa told The Hill his hopes rest on getting his voters to the polls. He has set a blistering pace of stops throughout his home base in Los Angeles County in recent weeks; he left the Oakland stop to return for several last-minute events around his city.

"It's all about turnout," he said. "My constituency is working people and middle-class families."

But turnout — outside those key House districts where Republicans and Democrats are battling for spots in the top-two primary — may be lower than expected. Interviews with voters and Democratic activists in recent days have revealed an electorate that is apathetic about its choices in Tuesday's elections.

"Newsom's being up there and being No. 2 in control, I think it's a good thing," said retiree Jim Nelson, a Democrat who lives in the Central Valley commuter hub Tracy. "I'm not real thrilled about the attack ads."

Most of the leading Democratic candidates have striven to portray themselves as ardent liberals who would govern from Brown's left. With little differentiating the leading candidates, some progressive activists said they would vote their heart in the primary —former state Superintendent of Public Instruction Delaine Eastin (D) has pockets of support, though she barely registers in polls — and then back Newsom in November.