Mayor Bill de Blasio announced on Monday that the city would test for lead in every New York City Housing Authority apartment where lead paint may have been used, a vast expansion of its current efforts that would mean inspections of 130,000 units at a cost of about $80 million.

The undertaking, which City Hall officials said had never before been performed, is the latest effort by the de Blasio administration to respond to a lead paint scandal that resulted last month in a deal with federal prosecutors to make an array of reforms under the watch of a federal monitor.

Mr. de Blasio likened the new effort to Vision Zero, a city initiative that aims to eliminate traffic-related fatalities.

“We need to take, in effect, a Vision Zero approach to lead,” he said during his weekly television appearance on NY1, where he announced the new inspections. “We’re going to go and literally go through all of Nycha and do an inspection of every apartment — even if a child is not there — every apartment that might still have lead in it.”