The most obvious symptom of erectile dysfunction (ED) is not being able to get an erection.

Some men have occasional trouble getting or keeping an erection, which is sometimes considered normal.

But, if this problem becomes frequent or lasts a long time, you should see your doctor.

There are many causes of ED. Sometimes, the culprit is another health issue.

Understanding the signs and causes of ED is the first step toward achievinga better sex life.

Signs and Symptoms of Erectile Dysfunction

If you have ED, you might experience:

Trouble getting an erection

Trouble keeping an erection for a long enough period of time

Reduced sex drive

Feelings of embarrassment or guilt

Low self-esteem

Symptoms of Other Sexual Disorders

Some sexual disorders are related to ED and may cause symptoms that overlap, such as:

Premature ejaculation (ejaculating too soon)

Delayed ejaculation (when ejaculation takes too long)

The inability to have an orgasm after sufficient stimulation

When Should You See a Doctor About ED?

It’s a good idea to see a doctor if you have consistent problems with getting or keeping an erection. You should also see a professional if you have issues with premature or delayed ejaculation.

Some men are too embarrassed to tell their doctors about their symptoms. Remember, your healthcare provider’s job is to help you find a successful treatment plan for your condition and to listen to your concerns.

Your primary care physician is a good place to start. At some point, you might be referred to a urologist – a doctor who specializes in conditions involving the urinary tract and the male reproductive system.

What Should You Tell Your Doctor About Symptoms?

When talking to your doctor, be as open and honest about your symptoms as possible. Tell your healthcare provider how often you have symptoms and how long you’ve had them.

You should also tell your physician:

About all the medications you take

If you have any other health conditions

If you drink alcohol or use tobacco products

Additionally, it’s a good idea to share about any life changes/stressors that could be affecting your mental health, such as the death of a loved one, a job change, the birth of a child, or trouble in your relationship.

Why Do Symptoms Happen?

An erection occurs when blood fills the penis. Normally, when a man becomes sexually aroused, blood vessels, muscles, nerves, and hormones work together to create an erection. Symptoms of ED can occur when this process is disrupted.

Some men only experience symptoms occasionally. For others, the symptoms are constant and interfere with their sexual relationships.

Common Causes of Erectile Dysfunction

ED is a complex condition that can be caused by a variety of factors. Often, there’s not just one issue that’s responsible for ED.

Physical Causes

Other medical conditions can cause ED symptoms. Common physical causes include:

Heart disease or atherosclerosis (inflammation and narrowing of the arteries)

High blood pressure

High cholesterol

Obesity

Diabetes

Stroke

Metabolic syndrome (a cluster of risk factors that includes high blood pressure, elevated insulin levels, high cholesterol and triglycerides, and increased body fat around the waist)

Parkinson’s disease

Multiple sclerosis (MS)

A brain or spinal cord injury

Chronic kidney disease

Nerve disorders

Hypogonadism (a condition where the body doesn’t make enough testosterone)

Peyronie’s disease (scar tissue inside the penis)

Sleep disorders

Tell your doctor if you have any of these problems and have signs of ED.

Medications That May Contribute to Erectile Dysfunction

Certain prescription medicines can cause ED, too. These may include:

Diuretics (pills that cause increase urine flow)

High blood pressure meds

Antihistamines

Antidepressants

Parkinson's disease drugs

Antiarrhythmics (drugs for irregular heart problems)

Tranquilizers and sedatives

Muscle relaxants

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Histamine H2-receptor antagonists

Hormones

Chemotherapy medications

Prostate cancer drugs

Anti-seizure medications

It’s important to tell your doctor about all the drugs you take, so he can determine if any of your meds could be to blame for your symptoms.

Psychological Causes of Erectile Dysfunction

Psychological factors that may lead to ED include:

Depression

Anxiety

Other mental health disorders

Stress

Feeling self-conscious or nervous about sex

Relationship problems

Often, psychological problems accompany medical conditions.

The Role of Hormones in Erectile Dysfunction

Sometimes, ED happens when your hormones are out of balance. Your doctor can perform a blood test to check your hormones.

Other Factors to Consider Regarding ED

ED can also be caused by tobacco or alcohol use.

Additionally, surgeries or procedures that target the spinal cord or pelvic area can lead to ED. Radiation therapy to the testicles can also cause impotence.

Erectile Dysfunction and Other Conditions

Because symptoms of ED are often a sign of another health condition, it’s important to seek medical attention.

Your doctor might discover a more serious issue that needs to be addressed. Diagnosis and treatment of an underlying medical condition could help improve your symptoms of ED.

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