Location - - - - - - Derre Hills Cheli and Peacock Bushbuck Plain Bishop Bush Chemi Chemi Buffalo Plain Bila Shaka 5km Lugga 5km Ereyet Angopito Fig Tree Ridge Ingilenya Forest Kicheche Lugga Kampi Ya Farasi Leopard Gorge Lion Hill Maternity Military Miti Mbili Miti Moja Mulima Maui Musiara Airstrip Musiara Marsh Ngoyanai No Camping No Camping Lugga Offbeat Lugga Ololomei Lugga Ololomei Plain Ololturoto Picnic Plain Paradise Plain Rhino Ridge Serena Crossings Serian Hill or Moses Rock Siria Escarpment Windmill Ron's Residence Moniko Hill Hammerkop lugga Sundowner Tree Porini Lion Camp Kicheche Bush Camp Naronyo Hill Oldip Nyumbu lugga Herman Observation Post Military Plain Amani Mara A&K Empukurtia Oldonyo Loip Seketa Rangers Base Sayialel Plains Double Cross Olkiombo Airstrip Kiwanjo Ntiakitiak River Mara Plains Camp Fisi Gorge Olomotonyi Salt Olkuroto Plain Iseketa Valley Albitzia Crossing Kerepuut Stream West Sankai Spring Olare Camp Quarry Olare Post Iseketa Stream East Iseketa Stream West Kerepuut Stream East Albitzia Lugga North Bohzia Ridge Olempalakae Elchorro Olasho Cheli and Peacock Tree Lugga ya Fisi Cheli Ridge Miti Moja Plain

Ear Tears - - - - - - No Tears Left Only Right Only Both Ears

How To Identify Lions

Why do we identify lions?

By identifying each lion, we can track individuals and thus identify pride home ranges and population trends. This allows us to apply effective conservation techniques.

How can lions be uniquely identified?

Each lion is identifiable from the whisker spots, which are found on each side of the face in rows. We use other unique characteristics too, such as manes in males, but only the whisker spots remain unchanged throughout a lion's life.

Using the Whisker Spot Pattern



We use two rows, the reference row and the identification spots:

The reference row is the top complete row of whisker spots

is the The identification spots form an incomplete row above the reference row. There may be up to 5 spots





Manes

Manes come in all shapes and sizes. A male's mane is an important indicator of health and pride status, and is dependant upon both genetics and ecological factors.

Whilst the mane is useful for identifying males, it is important to remember that it can change dramatically with age, health and reproductive activity.

Mane sizes are categorized as follows:

Small/'mohawk' mane = Crest of the head, chest and cheeks. Light in colour.



Medium mane = Longer on the head but doesn't reach the ears. Fuller on the chest and cheeks, but not on the shoulder. Mostly brown.



Large mane = Reaches or covers the ears, very long covering the chest, cheeks and across the shoulder. Brown and often black.







Examples of Manes

Noses

When a lion is born, it has a pink nose. As it ages, small, black spots appear. These grow in size and number until the nose is completely black, usually after 8 years.



Nose pigmentation can be highly variable, but is usually as follows:

Pink nose = cubs, sub-adults and young adults

Spotted nose = young adults to mid-adults

Patchy nose (large spots) = mid-adults to old adults

Black nose = old adults

Because the spots remain in the same place and only grow bigger, we can sometimes use a recent picture of our lion's nose to compare the pattern of spotting and thus help us identify it.

Using Other Characteristics



We can use several other characteristics for identification. These include:

Location and Pride Mates



Female lions will only associate with others in their pride, and have set home ranges. Because of this, the lions seen together with our lion in question and the location at which it was seen can give us a clue as to who it is. Males, however, tend to travel over larger distances and between prides, so this rule applies to females only.

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