Russia has criticised Japan for allowing a US military build-up in north Asia under the pretext of countering North Korean aggression.

Foreign minister Sergei Lavrov attacked Tokyo for allowing its territory to be used by the US military as a base for part of its missile defence system during a press conference with his Japanese counterpart in Moscow.

Japan's foreign minister Taro Kono was forced to defend his country's stance toward North Korea and its ties with the United States.

“We are expressing deep concern, with facts to back it up, that Japan, along with South Korea, is becoming a territory for the deployment of elements of the US global missile defence system which is being rolled out in that region under the pretext of the North Korea threat,” Mr Lavrov said.

“We have no problems directly with Japan, we do not see risks there. We see risks because of the proliferation of a global US missile defence system on the territory of countries that neighbour Russia, including Japan.”

He said that in the past few weeks the United States had conducted military exercises in the region and adopted additional sanctions despite the absence of provocation from Pyongyang.

“We are alarmed that in the last two months when North Korea conducted no tests or rocket launches, it seemed that Washington was not happy about that, and tried to do things that would irritate and provoke Pyongyang,” he added.

Referring to US officials, he said: “It’s as if they are hoping that they (the North Koreans) will lash out again, and then it would be possible to engage in military options.”

In pictures: North Korea military drill Show all 8 1 /8 In pictures: North Korea military drill In pictures: North Korea military drill North Korea's leader Kim Jong Un watches a military drill marking the 85th anniversary of the establishment of the Korean People's Army (KPA) KCNA/Handout via REUTERS In pictures: North Korea military drill A military drill marking the 85th anniversary of the establishment of the Korean People's Army (KPA) is seen in this handout photo by North Korea's Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) KCNA/Handout via REUTERS In pictures: North Korea military drill A military drill marking the 85th anniversary of the establishment of the Korean People's Army (KPA) is seen in this handout photo by North Korea's Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) KCNA/Handout via REUTERS In pictures: North Korea military drill A military drill marking the 85th anniversary of the establishment of the Korean People's Army (KPA) KCNA/Handout via REUTERS In pictures: North Korea military drill A military drill marking the 85th anniversary of the establishment of the Korean People's Army (KPA) KCNA/Handout via REUTERS In pictures: North Korea military drill This image made from video of still images broadcast in a news bulletin by North Korea's KRT, shows what was said to be a 'Combined Fire Demonstration' held to celebrate the 85th anniversary of the North Korean army, in Wonsan, North Korea. KRT via AP Video In pictures: North Korea military drill This image made from video of still images broadcast in a news bulletin by North Korea's KRT, shows what was said to be a 'Combined Fire Demonstration' held to celebrate the 85th anniversary of the North Korean army, in Wonsan, North Korea. KRT via AP Video In pictures: North Korea military drill This image made from video of still images broadcast in a news bulletin by North Korea's KRT, shows what was said to be a 'Combined Fire Demonstration' held to celebrate the 85th anniversary of the North Korean army, in Wonsan, North Korea. KRT via AP Video

“As you know, the US leadership has said many times that all options are on the table, including military options, and we note that Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, at a meeting with President Trump in early November, said that he supports the American position 100 percent,” Mr Lavrov said

Mr Kono, after listening to Mr Lavrov’s remarks, responded that Japan and its allies were not seeking regime change in North Korea. He said Tokyo had to act to defend itself after Pyongyang test-fired missiles which flew over Japan’s territory.

“This is unprecedented, the most important and most pressing threat not just to Japan and Russia but to the international community as a whole. It’s absolutely unacceptable,” Mr Kono said, speaking through an interpreter.

The island of Kunashir in the disputed island chain. Sergei Lavrov and Taro Kono had met in Moscow in the hopes of resolving the dispute which means they never signed a formal treaty at the end of the Second World War (file photo) (Getty Images)

“We believe it’s necessary to use all possible means and to increase the pressure on North Korea as much as possible to stop its nuclear program and the rocket launches,” he said.

“Japan welcomes the position of the United States, which is that to protect Japan and South Korea, all means of deterrence will be used.”

The remarks came after the two men met to discuss a 70-year-old territorial dispute over an island chain between the nations in the Sea of Okhotsk.

The islands are known in Japan as the Northern Territories and in Russia as the Kurile islands.

At the end of the Second World War, Soviet forces took control over the islands from Japan.

The subsequent dispute has meant that Moscow and Tokyo have still not signed a formal peace agreement to end wartime hostilities.

​Both countries had agreed to speed up work on economic cooperation and ease travel restrictions to the area.

They offered no details about any progress on resolving the core of the dispute, about who has sovereignty over the islands.