In a speech Friday, Ahmad Zia Massoud, a former vice president who joined Mr. Ghani’s campaign before the runoff election, rejected the political framework as agreed to with Mr. Kerry. Under the agreement, whoever wins the election becomes president and creates, by decree, a new post of chief executive or prime minister, with the nominee chosen by the losing candidate. The division of powers has yet to be worked out.

Mr. Massoud said any future government should be evenly balanced between Afghanistan’s ethnic groups, but he also advocated a winner-takes-all election. “We have to understand that a government of a national unity doesn’t mean share of the power in the government,” he said. “The team who wins formulates the government, and the loser basically forms a strong opposition.”

Should Mr. Ghani lose the election, no one from his team would take part in any power sharing, Mr. Massoud said, but would take up an opposition role until the next round of elections. Mr. Zaki, the Ghani spokesman, said that Mr. Massoud was expressing his opinion, yet other influential supporters of Mr. Ghani have also rejected the prospect of sharing power with their opponents.

Mr. Ghani, in an interview this week, confirmed his commitment to the political agreement for a president and chief executive or prime minister from each camp. “Would you rather have a divided society or a government that can internally debate?” he asked.

Mr. Zaki said that the Ghani team would wait for the results of the election audit before working out further details of the national unity government.

It is this refusal to confirm the parameters of the political deal that has caused suspicion among Mr. Abdullah’s supporters and brought renewed warnings of public unrest.

“Our supporters agree with any decision we make, and they will support us,” Mr. Mohaqeq, the running mate, said. “But if the public finds out that the other side is not supportive of the agreements, and they are just trying to back up their fraudulent votes, then the public will surge forward onto the scene.”