Is peak oil real? The BP Statistical Review of World Energy provides the data needed to answer this question. Using the 2009 edition , I have compiled a list of all oil producing countries and regions in the world, along with the production status of each, ordered by year of peak production. BP groups minor producers into categories like "Other Africa", and "Other Middle East", and that notation is used here. All production numbers are quoted in thousands of barrels/day.

Only 14 of the 54 oil producing nations in the world are still increasing their oil production. The era of cheap oil is definitively over, as shown below.

Country Peak Prod. 2008 Prod. % Off Peak Peak Year United States 11297 7337 -35% 1970 Venezuela 3754 2566 -32% 1970 Libya 3357 1846 -45% 1970 Other Middle East 79 33 -58% 1970 Kuwait 3339 2784 -17% 1972 Iran 6060 4325 -29% 1974 Indonesia 1685 1004 -41% 1977 Romania 313 99 -68% 1977 Trinidad & Tobago 230 149 -35% 1978 Iraq 3489 2423 -31% 1979 Brunei 261 175 -33% 1979 Tunisia 118 89 -25% 1980 Peru 196 120 -39% 1982 Cameroon 181 84 -54% 1985 Other Europe & Eurasia 762 427 -44% 1986 Russian Federation 11484 9886 -14% 1987* Egypt 941 722 -23% 1993 Other Asia Pacific 276 237 -14% 1993 India 774 766 -1% 1995* Syria 596 398 -33% 1995 Gabon 365 235 -36% 1996 Argentina 890 682 -23% 1998 Colombia 838 618 -26% 1999 United Kingdom 2909 1544 -47% 1999 Rep. of Congo (Brazzaville) 266 249 -6% 1999* Uzbekistan 191 111 -42% 1999 Australia 809 556 -31% 2000 Norway 3418 2455 -28% 2001 Oman 961 728 -24% 2001 Yemen 457 305 -33% 2002 Other S. & Cent. America 153 138 -10% 2003* Mexico 3824 3157 -17% 2004 Malaysia 793 754 -5% 2004* Vietnam 427 317 -26% 2004 Denmark 390 287 -26% 2004 Other Africa 75 54 -28% 2004* Nigeria 2580 2170 -16% 2005* Chad 173 127 -27% 2005* Italy 127 108 -15% 2005* Ecuador 545 514 -6% 2006* Saudi Arabia 11114 10846 -2% 2005 / Growing Canada 3320 3238 -2% 2007 / Growing Algeria 2016 1993 -1% 2007 / Growing Equatorial Guinea 368 361 -2% 2007 / Growing China 3795 3795 - Growing United Arab Emirates 2980 2980 - Growing Brazil 1899 1899 - Growing Angola 1875 1875 - Growing Kazakhstan 1554 1554 - Growing Qatar 1378 1378 - Growing Azerbaijan 914 914 - Growing Sudan 480 480 - Growing Thailand 325 325 - Growing Turkmenistan 205 205 - Growing Peaked / Flat Countries Total - 49597 - 60.6% of world oil production Growing Countries Total - 32223 - 39.4% of world oil production

Only 14 out of 54 oil producing countries and regions in the world continue to increase production, while 30 are definitely past their production peak, and the remaining 10 appear to have flat or declining production [1] . Put another way, peak oil is real in 61% of the oil producing world when weighted by production. Since 2008 capped a record run for oil prices, most countries and oil companies were trying all-out to increase production. While a handful of producers (think Iraq) might be limited by above-ground factors, the majority of producers simply couldn't do any better in 2008 [2]

The evidence of the demise of the cheap oil era has become insurmountable. In the face of the highest oil prices on record, the great majority of the world's oil producers were incapable of taking advantage and producing more oil. Many nations including the US saw their oil production peak decades ago - there simply is no turning the clock back. This list shows that we are relying on a small number of countries to keep providing cheap oil. We need to move faster to alternatives and greater energy efficiency, before the last fourteen peak as well.

More information on these countries:

Russian Federation - Russia's oil production collapsed by the early 90's as the Soviet Union collapsed, but despite a decade of growth, Russia's own oil execs don't think the old peak can be surpassed.

India's production appeared to plateau in 1995, and has stayed within a steady range since. The EIA forecasts Indian oil production to remain flat or decline slightly in the near future.

Republic of Congo (Brazzaville) hit a production plateau in 1998, though current production is still very close to 1999 peak levels.

Other Central & South America - The remaining countries of the Americas hit a production peak in 2003, though it's still too soon to know if this will be final peak.

Malaysia has been on a production plateau since 1995, and the EIA projects flat or falling production.

Other Africa - Oil production in much of Africa is potentially impacted by above-ground constraints, so it's definitely possible that production will rise here. It will rise from a low base of only 50,000 bpd however, and may not have much impact on total world production.

Nigeria is impacted by domestic insurgencies in its oil-producing regions, and may be able to lift production if the political situation improves.

Chad's oil production history is too short to definitively identify a peak in production, but the drop-off since 2005 has been dramatic.

Italy has been on a production plateau for over 10 years, and it's unlikely that a mature economy is significantly under-exploiting its resource potential.

Ecuador's production grew rapidly until 2004, but has leveled off and declined somewhat since then.

[1] To be considered past-peak, a producer's current (2008) production has to be at least 10% less than its best year, and the best year must have occurred prior to 2005. Some countries' production has been artificially constrained by political and other non-geological considerations. But in some of these cases, it will be difficult to pass an old peak because decades of depletion have occurred since that peak. Iraq peaked in 1979, making it all the more difficult to pass that now.

[2] While OPEC maintains formal production quotas, it is widely believed that only Saudi Arabia had true spare capacity in 2008, while all other OPEC nations were producing at capacity. The truth is unclear, since OPEC nations do not provide detailed reserve statistics for their oil fields.

Total has created its own short list of oil producers past peak, and Wikipedia has a list here.