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“Russia’s interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election constituted an attack on American democracy. No one can know for sure what, if any, effect this attack had on the results of the election. But this question, and others like it, are a distraction. In the words of Senior Fellows Robert D. Blackwill and Philip H. Gordon, the two authors of this new Council Special Report, ‘The important point is not that Russia changed the outcome of a U.S. presidential election but that it attempted to do so.’ “ --- Richard N. Haass, president, Council on Foreign Relations, wrote the foreword to “Containing Russia.”

Robert D. Blackwill and Philip H. Gordon:

“Containing Russia

How to Respond to Moscow’s Intervention in U.S. Democracy and Growing Geopolitical Challenge”