Causes of Sciatica

Several things can cause sciatica, and the symptoms result from irritation or inflammation of the sciatic nerve. The most common cause is a herniated disc in the lower lumbar spine which pushes on the sciatic nerve. Other causes include pressure on the nerve from surrounding bones, tumors, muscles, localized bleeding, infection, wounds, or pregnancy.

There are several conditions and situations that can put someone at risk for developing sciatica. These include degenerative arthritis of the spine, a history of herniated discs in the lumbar spine, and injuries to the low back.

Diagnosis of Sciatica

To diagnosis sciatica, your health care provider will begin with a thorough medical history and physical exam. There are some specific maneuvers, such as a straight leg raise, that may be done to check for sciatic nerve inflammation. The provider may also order imaging studies or other labs to further evaluate your pain. These studies may include an x-ray to rule out spinal fractures, especially if you have sustained a recent injury. The medical professional may also order an MRI or CT scan to assess bony structures and soft tissues in further detail. Sometimes a nerve conduction study is performed to check the functioning of the nerves or a myelogram to evaluate nerve roots.