WASHINGTON — Averting a political embarrassment ahead of President Trump’s 100th day in office, Congress on Friday approved a one-week spending measure that avoids a government shutdown, providing lawmakers with extra time to finish negotiations on a long-term spending package.

But House Republicans left the Capitol with their goal of voting to repeal the Affordable Care Act still eluding them — and eluding Mr. Trump, who will conclude his first 100 days on Saturday without a marquee legislative achievement.

Instead, Republicans had to be satisfied on Friday with simply keeping the lights on.

The approval of the short-term spending measure, which occurred during daylight and without drama, was more a display of basic competence than a proud legislative accomplishment.

With unified control in Washington, Republicans could not afford to fail at the fundamental task of keeping the government funded. At the same time, the spending talks showed one way that Democrats can still exert influence even while in the minority.