(CNN) Patty Duke, the actress who won fame with her stage and screen portrayals of Helen Keller in "The Miracle Worker," died Tuesday, according to her agent. She was 69.

Duke died of sepsis from a ruptured intestine, according to a statement from Mitchell K. Stubbs & Associates, the agency that represented her.

"This morning, our beloved wife, mother, grandmother, matriarch and the exquisite artist, humanitarian, and champion for mental health, Anna PATTY DUKE Pearce, closed her eyes, quieted her pain and ascended to a beautiful place," her family said in a statement posted by her son actor Sean Astin. "We celebrate the infinite love and compassion she shared through her work and throughout her life."

Duke won a best supporting actress Academy Award in 1963 for "The Miracle Worker."

She also was known for roles in "Valley of the Dolls," "My Sweet Charlie" and "Me, Natalie," as well as for TV's "The Patty Duke Show," which aired from 1963 to 1966.

JUST WATCHED 2014: Patty Duke talks about battle with mental illness Replay More Videos ... MUST WATCH 2014: Patty Duke talks about battle with mental illness 02:39

Duke also struggled with mental illness, having been diagnosed with bipolar disorder in 1982.

"I don't mind being thought of as someone who was crazy, because I had no control over that situation," she wrote in her 1988 autobiography, "Call Me Anna." "What I don't like is for people to believe I chose to do destructive things."

In the last half of her life, Duke became an advocate on mental health issues, writing a book in 1992 highlighting bipolar disorder and its treatments and using her fame to fight for others struggling with the disease.

"Her greatest achievement was confronting her mental illness and making her story public," Astin said on fundraising page to set up a new mental health initiative in her name. "She crossed the Nation speaking and campaigning and lobbying for mental health. My mom took her place as a mental health advocate in the greatest tradition of noble leadership."

Patty Duke was a pioneer in using her platform to discuss mental health when she could have easily stayed silent. I am eternally grateful. — Kat Kinsman (@kittenwithawhip) March 29, 2016

She was born Anna Marie Duke on December 14, 1946, in Elmhurst, New York, and began acting as a child.

Her first major role came in 1959, when she portrayed the blind and deaf Keller on Broadway. The success of that two-year run led to her playing the same part in the 1962 film version of "The Miracle Worker," for which she won an Oscar and a Golden Globe.

"The Patty Duke Show" followed for three years. Duke played the twin roles of English and American cousins living in New York.

In 1967, she starred in "Valley of the Dolls," followed by "Me, Natalie," an independent film that netted her a second Golden Globe award.

She returned to Keller's story in 1979 for a television movie in which she played Keller's teacher, Annie Sullivan. The project brought her third Emmy; she had previously won for the 1970 TV movie "My Sweet Charlie" and the 1976 miniseries "Captains and Kings."

She then served as president of the Screen Actors Guild from 1985 to 1988.

Actress Holly Robinson Peete was among the many paying tribute to Duke, calling her a "legendary actor" and "eloquent humanitarian."

Devastated to hear of the passing of the amazing Patty Duke. Legendary actor Eloquent humanitarian💔 @pattyduke_id pic.twitter.com/KxShH6UFuT — Holly Robinson Peete (@hollyrpeete) March 29, 2016

Actress Marlee Matlin called Duke "brave, outspoken & humanitarian."

Brave, outspoken & humanitarian who played Helen Keller in "Miracle Worker," Oscar winner Patty Duke passed. I will miss her. RIP. — Marlee Matlin (@MarleeMatlin) March 29, 2016

Duke was married four times, including a 13-year marriage to actor John Astin, best known for his role on "The Addams Family."

Sean Astin is best known for his role in the "Lord of the Rings" trilogy. A second son, Mackenzie Astin, is also an actor. She adopted another son, Kevin, in 1989 with her fourth husband, Michael Pearce.