It has been 2 years, since I have written Build Nginx + PHP-FPM + APC + Memcache + Drupal 7 on a bare-bone Ubuntu 10.04 or Debian 5 server. Since then, many people and companies have informed me that they have been using the setup from that blog.

2 years is quite a long time; a lot of softwares are updated, and a lot of configuration & practice have changed. Now, it's the time for a REBUILD:

Again, let's start with getting an account with (Linode)， login with ROOT:

Basic server configuration

Set up Hostname

echo "plato" > /etc/hostname

hostname -F /etc/hostname

# Edit /etc/hosts （IPv6）

# add：

12.34.56.78 plato.example.com plato

2600:3c01::a123:b456:c789:d012 plato.example.com plato

# Configurate timezone

dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

# update server packages

nano /etc/apt/sources.list

# add two lines below：

deb http://packages.dotdeb.org squeeze all

deb-src http://packages.dotdeb.org squeeze all

wget http://www.dotdeb.org/dotdeb.gpg

cat dotdeb.gpg | apt-key add -

apt-get update

apt-get upgrade --show-upgraded

Secure the server

# add a system admin account

adduser example_user

usermod -a -G sudo example_user

logout

ssh example_user@123.456.78.90

# From now on, we use the new admin account with sudo.

# disable the root SSH access

sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

# update this line：PermitRootLogin no

sudo service ssh restart

# Configure firewall：

sudo iptables -L

sudo nano /etc/iptables.firewall.rules

# Paste：

*filter

# Allow all loopback (lo0) traffic and drop all traffic to 127/8 that doesn't use lo0

-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -d 127.0.0.0/8 -j REJECT

# Accept all established inbound connections

-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

# Allow all outbound traffic - you can modify this to only allow certain traffic

-A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT

# Allow HTTP and HTTPS connections from anywhere (the normal ports for websites and SSL).

-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT

# Allow SSH connections

#

# The -dport number should be the same port number you set in sshd_config

#

-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

# Allow ping

-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT

# Log iptables denied calls

-A INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "iptables denied: " --log-level 7

# Drop all other inbound - default deny unless explicitly allowed policy

-A INPUT -j DROP

-A FORWARD -j DROP

COMMIT

sudo iptables-restore

# Make firewall auto-run after the reboot：

sudo nano /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/firewall

#!/bin/sh

/sbin/iptables-restore

sudo chmod +x /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/firewall

# Install Fail2Ban, which auto-dectect simple attack and stop it:

sudo aptitude install fail2ban

Install PHP-FPM

sudo aptitude install php5 php5-cli php5-dev php5-gd php-pear php5-fpm php5-geoip libgeoip1 libgeoip-dev geoip-database

# Update some settings：

sudo nano /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini

memory_limit: 512M

cgi.fix_pathinfo=0

Install Nginx

sudo aptitude install nginx

# configure virtual hosting

sudo mkdir -p /srv/www/insready.com/{public_html,logs}

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /srv/www

sudo chmod -R 775 /srv/www

cd /etc/nginx/sites-available/

sudo wget https://gist.github.com/raw/4248423/c7b2ea550ef9273f7f5d0823f81f054296fc...

# You need to input the correct domain names that you are using, so edit it:

sudo nano insready.com

sudo nano /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf

# change line "listen = 127.0.0.1:9000" to: (using socket is faster!)

listen = /tmp/php-fpm.sock

sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/insready.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled

Configure Nginx Microcache (Also, putting Microcache into memory，FEEL the lightning SPEED)

sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/microcache.conf

fastcgi_cache_path /dev/shm/microcache levels=1:2 keys_zone=microcache:5M max_size=1G inactive=2h;

map $http_cookie $cache_uid {

default nil; # hommage to Lisp :)

~SESS[[:alnum:]]+=(?<session_id>[[:alnum:]]+) $session_id;

}

map $request_method $no_cache {

default 1;

HEAD 0;

GET 0;

}

# Make Nginx auto-run afer reboot:

sudo update-rc.d nginx defaults

# boot Nginx

sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start

Install MariaDB

Long story in short, Since Oracle bought MySQL, many of the original developers left and started the new thing ---- MariaDB. So, it's a drop in replacement for MySQL. You can treat them as the same thing.

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/MariaDB.list

# MariaDB 5.5 repository list - created 2012-12-08 07:39 UTC

# http://downloads.mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/

deb http://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/dbms/mariadb/repo/5.5/debian squeeze main

deb-src http://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/dbms/mariadb/repo/5.5/debian squeeze main

sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 0xcbcb082a1bb943db

sudo aptitude update

sudo aptitude install libmariadbclient-dev libmariadbclient18 libmariadbd-dev libmysqlclient18 mariadb-client mariadb-client-5.5 mariadb-client-core-5.5 mariadb-common mariadb-server mariadb-server-5.5 mariadb-server-core-5.5 mariadb-test mariadb-test-5.5 mysql-common

Install Drupal

cd /srv/www/insready.com

sudo wget http://ftp.drupal.org/files/projects/drupal-7.18.tar.gz

sudo tar -xvzf drupal-7.18.tar.gz

cd drupal-7.18

sudo cp -a . ../public_html/

sudo chown www-data:www-data public_html -R

Install Memcache, APC

sudo aptitude install memcached libmemcached-tools memstat make

sudo pecl install memcache

sudo pecl install apc

# Create the file below for Memcache

sudo nano /etc/php5/conf.d/memcache.ini

extension= memcache.so

memcache.hash_strategy="consistent"

# Create the file below for APC

sudo nano /etc/php5/conf.d/apc.ini

extension=apc.so

apc.shm_size = 256M

apc.apc.stat = 0

Install uploadprogress

sudo pecl install uploadprogress

# Create the file below for uploadprogress

sudo nano /etc/php5/conf.d/uploadprogress.ini

extension=uploadprogress.so

# Reboot：

sudo service nginx restart

sudo service mysql restart

sudo service php5-fpm restart

sudo service memcached restart

DONE！

If you need high performance Drupal server consulting service，please contact INsReady