In order to test the potential of the glove biosensor for OP detection on various common surfaces, blind sampling and screening studies relevant to defense and food security are presented in Figures 3 and 4 , respectively. The sampling in Figure 3 A shows photographs of the glove swiping on various target surfaces, including glass (i), wood (ii), stainless steel (iii), and plastic (iv). Three blind tests were carried out for each of the four surfaces. Two different OP chemical agents, methyl parathion (MP) and methyl paraoxon (MPOx), were used to contaminate the surfaces at 200 μM concentrations, with a third test (control) involving an OP-free, noncontaminated surface. Sensing of the enzymatically liberated OP hydrolysis product was carried out by SWV owing to its distinct sensitivity and speed advantages. Figure 3 B illustrates the resulting response following swiping these different MP-contaminated surfaces. A well-defined SWVs response, characteristic of the-nitrophenol oxidation peak is observed at +0.85 V indicating the success of the sampling and the sensing. It is worth noting that this glove sensor is designed for a single-use, hence sample cross-contamination is eliminated. As can be seen from the SWVs, some variability in the peak height is observed between glove tests on different surfaces depends. This reflects various factors such as swiping consistency, surface characteristics, joining of the index and thumb fingers, and diffusion of the analytes within the conductive gel. Such variation has not effect on the qualitative OP detection, corresponding to presumptive screening goal of the new OPH-glove sensor (as indicated from the control experiments for OP-free surfaces described below). These swipe/sensing surface assays were conducted in triplicate for both MPOX and MP pesticides and exhibited good analytical characteristic with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 3.5% and 2.77% (= 12 gloves) for MPOx and MP, respectively, in terms of redox potential. While our main goal is to obtain qualitative alert for the presence of nerve agents, such peak variations allow semiquantitative information regarding the level of these agents on the target surface. Figure 3 C shows similar screening detection for MPOx, showing clear detectable peaks for the-nitrophenol hydrolysis product at +0.85 V. Finally, Figure 3 D displays analogous swipe/sense SWV measurements for the four OP-free surfaces. As expected from the absence of OP residues, no-nitrophenol is observed in these four control experiments. Similarly, no SWV anodic response was observed in control experiments using OP contaminated surfaces but without the immobilized OPH. ( Figure S3C, D ). The absence of the-nitrophenol peak in these control experiments confirmed the importance of the enzyme for the glove-based OP biosensing.