Tougher safeguards could be introduced for the most vulnerable areas of England's coastline, under a government review.

The move will examine whether and how the strongest restrictions can be implemented in areas that would be called Highly Protected Marine Areas (HPMAs).

Sea life and marine habitats would be better protected by closing them to any human activity with the potential to cause harm, the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) said.

Targeted HPMAs would complement the existing network of marine conservation zones and allow vulnerable marine wildlife to fully recover, free from all damaging human activities, with the aim of restoring areas to a pristine state, the department added.

Image: The Government is looking at going further to safeguard marine life

Environment Secretary Michael Gove announced the review on Saturday to mark World Oceans Day.


His announcement comes after the existing network of marine conservation zones was expanded by a further 41 areas last week.

Mr Gove said: "The UK is a global leader in the fight to protect our seas, but World Oceans Day is an important reminder that we need to safeguard the future prosperity and health of our ocean.

"Last week we designated 41 new marine conservation zones with an area almost eight times the size of Greater London, and our review into HPMAs will help inform our next steps in the government's work to expand and strengthen the UK's blue belt to create richer habitats for marine life."

The announcement follows the government's manifesto commitment to create a so-called blue belt of marine protection for Britain's overseas territories and its own coast, Defra said.

The protected area currently spans 85,000 square miles (220,000sq/km) with 128 Marine Conservation Zones, including 89 in English waters.

Image: The aim of the new restrictions would be to restore areas to a pristine state

Image: The launch of the review coincided with World Oceans Day

Introducing targeted HPMAs alongside the growing number of marine conservation areas would mark the most significant expansion of England's blue belt of protected areas to date, Defra said.

It will also support the government's international efforts in calling for 30% of the world's oceans to be protected by 2030, the department added.

Conservative MP and former fisheries minister Richard Benyon, who will lead the review, will be asked to establish an evidence-based process and criteria for selecting HPMAs and recommend potential pilot sites.

Conservation groups, fishermen, marine industries and local communities will have their say on these potential new areas, Defra said.

Mr Benyon said: "Our ocean is precious resource, valuable not just for its marine diversity but also for the many livelihoods it supports on our coastline.

"While many areas have strong protections in place, there is a need to consider whether and where we can go further to safeguard marine life, balancing the needs of fishing, conservation and local communities."

Defra has also said the government will publish an international ocean strategy this year setting out further action to conserve and sustainably use the waters.