ATHENS—The bodies of 16 people, including at least five children, were recovered from the sea off a Greek island on Saturday after a boat smuggling migrants sank in the eastern Aegean, a spokesperson for the Greek coast guard said.

The drownings — the first such mass casualty in several months — came almost exactly two years after Turkey and the European Union signed a deal to curb the flow of migrants trying to reach Europe via the Aegean Sea.

Although the influx has been limited drastically since that time, when daily crossings were often in the thousands, hundreds continue to reach Greek islands in smuggling vessels that are often old, flimsy and unseaworthy.

Greek authorities were alerted to the latest episode shortly after 8 a.m., when three survivors — two women and a man — swam to the island of Agathonissi and said a boat carrying 21 people had sunk, the coast guard spokesperson said.

“We don’t know where they came from,” she said, adding that no further details were immediately available about the victims’ nationalities.

A large search-and-rescue operation was underway, the spokesperson said.

The reasons for the sinking were unclear: Winds on Saturday were a moderate 5 on the open-ended Beaufort scale.

“We cannot and should not tolerate losing people, losing children in the waters of the Aegean,” Greece’s migration minister, Dimitris Vitsas, said in a statement. “Clearly the solution is in finding measures to protect these people, in safe procedures and passages for refugees and migrants and in the relentless crackdown on human-trafficking rackets.”

Newly arrived migrants join thousands of others in crowded state-run camps where frustrations are growing.

In a joint statement issued this month, nine rights groups — including Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International and Oxfam — denounced the island camps as “open prisons” with “deplorable” conditions, and called on authorities to “immediately” transfer migrants to the Greek mainland.

Thousands have been moved to the Greek mainland in recent months, but authorities have avoided transferring them all amid fears that such a move would send a message to human traffickers that the road to Europe is effectively open.

The enforcement of the migration deal signed by Brussels and Ankara, Turkey, two years ago is expected to be discussed at a meeting of EU and Turkish leaders in Bulgaria on March 26.

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