If the heels are just put on top of the sole, there's not much that's keeping them together. Most shoemakers use some big stationary nailers that basically shoot a wire through the sole to take care of that. But we're traditionalists.Nailing the heels from the inside with a nice new set of nails. Old ones always rust out because of the moisture that seeps in from the inside of the shoe. If you don't like your shoemaker, you can wear really warm socks in the summer so your feet sweat a lot and then in the fall you can ask him to do a resole. They'll be so rusty that they'll break when he tries to get them out. Don't blame me if you find a surprise in your shoe, though.Heels after they're nailed from the inside.Right, that was the second coat. This is the third. Or the fourth. I forget.All the glue has to be applied in thin layers, otherwise it just cakes together and you get lumps that you feel as you walk down the street.REALLY sensitive part. The glue that's used is really strong. You'd need some powerful pliers to rip it apart even if it touches slightly. It also rips off that chunk of glue that it touches, so mistakes are costly.After the sole is put on, it's pounded down with a smooth-headed hammer to make sure all the fibres intertwine with the glue sufficiently to ensure maximum durability. Ok, I'm completely making this up. I have no idea what the fibres are doing, but basically you pound it down to squish the glue and stuff.The edges are pressed down. Very vital part, so there's an entire machine that basically does just that.A closeup. An extra piece of leather or rubber is placed underneath the sole so as not to damage it.