Abraham Lincoln is revered for his political skills and his abilities as a writer and public speaker. Yet he also was respected for physical feats, such as his early skill wielding an ax.

And when he began to rise in politics in the late 1850s, stories circulated that Lincoln had been a very capable wrestler in his youth. Following his death, the wrestling stories continued to circulate.

What's the truth? Was Abraham Lincoln really a wrestler?

The answer is yes.

Lincoln was known for being a very good wrestler in his youth in New Salem, Illinois. And that reputation was brought up by political supporters and even one notable opponent.

And a particular wrestling match against a local bully in a small Illinois settlement became a beloved part of Lincoln lore.

Of course, Lincoln's wrestling exploits were nothing like the flamboyant professional wrestling we know today. And it wasn't even like the organized athletics of high school or college wrestling.

Lincoln's grappling amounted to frontier feats of strength witnessed by a handful of townspeople. But his wrestling skills still became the stuff of political legend.

Lincoln's Wrestling Past Surfaced In Politics

In the 19th century, it was important for a politician to demonstrate bravery and vitality, and that naturally applied to Abraham Lincoln.

Political campaign mentions of Lincoln as a capable wrestler first seem to have surfaced during the 1858 debates that were part of the campaign for a U.S. Senate seat in Illinois.

Surprisingly, it was Lincoln's perennial opponent, Stephen Douglas, who brought it up. Douglas, at the first Lincoln-Douglas Debate in Ottawa, Illinois on August 21, 1858, referred to Lincoln's longstanding reputation as a wrestler in what the New York Times called an "amusing passage."

Douglas mentioned having known Lincoln for decades, adding, "He could beat any of the boys at wrestling." Only after dispensing such lighthearted praise did Douglas get around to savaging Lincoln, labeling him an "Abolitionist Black Republican."

Lincoln lost that election, but two years later, when he had been nominated as the young Republican Party's candidate for president, the wrestling mentions came up again.

During the 1860 presidential campaign, some newspapers reprinted the comments Douglas had made about Lincoln's wrestling skill. And the reputation as an athletic lad who had engaged in wrestling was spread by Lincoln supporters.

John Locke Scripps, a Chicago newspaperman, wrote a campaign biography of Lincoln which was quickly published as a book for distribution during the 1860 campaign. It is believed Lincoln reviewed the manuscript and made corrections and deletions, and he apparently approved of the following passage:

"It is scarcely necessary to add that he also greatly excelled in all those homely feats of strength, agility, and endurance practiced by frontier people in his sphere of life. In wrestling, jumping, running, throwing the maul and pitching the crow-bar, he always stood first among those of his own age."

The campaign stories of 1860 planted a seed. After his death, the legend of Lincoln as a great wrestler took hold, and the story of a particular wrestling match held decades earlier became a standard part of the Lincoln legend.

Challenged to Wrestle the Local Bully

The story behind the legendary wrestling match is that Lincoln, while in his early 20s, had settled in the frontier village of New Salem, Illinois. He worked in a general store, though he was mostly concentrating on reading and educating himself.

Lincoln's employer, a storekeeper named Denton Offutt, would boast about the strength of Lincoln, who stood six feet four inches tall.

As a result of Offutt's boasting, Lincoln was challenged to fight Jack Armstrong, a local bully who was the leader of a group of mischief makers known as the Clary's Grove Boys.

Armstrong and his friends were known for mean-spirited pranks, such as forcing new arrivals in the community into a barrel, nailing the lid on, and rolling the barrel down a hill.

The Match With Jack Armstrong

A resident of New Salem, recalling the event decades later, said the townspeople tried to get Lincoln to "tussle and scuffle" with Armstrong. Lincoln at first refused, but finally agreed to a wrestling match that would start off with "side holds." The object was to throw the other man.

A crowd gathered in front of Offut's store, with the locals wagering on the outcome.

After the obligatory handshake, the two young men struggled against each other for a time, neither one being able to find an advantage.

Finally, according to a version of the story repeated in countless Lincoln biographies, Armstrong tried to foul Lincoln by tripping him. Enraged by the dirty tactics, Lincoln grabbed Armstrong by the neck and, extending his long arms, "shook him like a rag."

When it appeared Lincoln would win the match, Armstrong's cohorts in the Clary's Grove Boys began to approach.

Lincoln, according to one version of the story, stood with his back to the wall of the general store and announced that he would fight each man individually, but not all of them at once. Jack Armstrong brought an end to the affair, declaring that Lincoln had bested him fairly and was "the best 'feller' that ever broke into this settlement."

The two opponents shook hands and were friends from that point onward.

Wrestling Became Part of the Lincoln Legend

In the years following Lincoln's assassination, William Herndon, Lincoln's former law partner in Springfield, Illinois, devoted a lot of time to preserving Lincoln's legacy.

Herndon corresponded with a number of people who claimed to have witnessed the wrestling match in front of Offutt's store in New Salem.

The eyewitness accounts tended to be contradictory, and there are several variations of the story. The general outline, however, is always the same:

Lincoln was a reluctant participant goaded into the wrestling match

He faced an opponent who tried to cheat

And he stood up to a gang of bullies.

And those elements of the story became part of American folklore.