Parts of Speech in English Grammar

Parts of Speech

- A word is a basic unit in every language. A word is a proper combination of letters in the alphabet. Speech consists of words and words make sentences. Words are divided into eight categories called

Parts of Speech

. These categories are:

1) Nouns

2) Pronouns

3) Adjectives

4) Verbs

5) Adverbs

6) Prepositions

7) Conjunctions

8) Interjections







1) Nouns - A Noun is a word used in the place of a person, place, thing, animal or quality. e.g.:

1) Ram is a good boy.

2) Mumbai is a big city.

3) I bought a pen .

4) The dog is a faithful animal .

5) Honesty is the best policy .

In the above sentences, all underlined words are Nouns.





2) Pronouns- A Pronoun is a word used in the place of a noun. e.g.:

1) Pandit Jwaharlal Nehru was our first Prime Minister. He was a great man. He studied from London. It is a big city.

2) Sachin Tendlukar is my favorite cricketer. He made many centuries and won many man of matches. We are proud of him.

3) Rose is a beautiful flower but it has thorns.

4) Ram is an intelligent boy. He works very hard.

5) Laura is a good dancer. She dances very well.

In the above sentences, bold words are Pronouns.





3) Adjectives - An Adjective is a word that describes a Noun or Pronoun or adds something to its meaning. It qualifies a Noun or a Pronoun. e.g.:

1) India is a great country. (Adjectives of Quality)

2) There are thirty students in our class. (Adjectives of Number)

3) John is a good boy. (Adjectives of Quality)

4) I have a blue pen. (Adjectives of Quality)

5) Please give me some money. (Adjectives of Quantity)

In above sentences, all underlined words are Adjectives.





4) Verbs - A Verb is a word used to say something about some person, place or thing. It denotes action, feeling or existence.

1) John reads a book. (action)

2) It is a fine day. (existence)

3) I helped the poor. (action)

4) He feels sad. (feeling)

5) Nehru was a great leader. (existence)

In above sentences, all underlined words are Verbs.





5) Adverbs - An Adverb is a word which modifies the meaning of a Verb, an Adjective or another Adverb. e.g.:

1) He spoke politely . (Adverbs of Quality)

2) She is very beautiful. (Adverbs of Quantity)

3) He reached the school late . (Adverbs of Time)

4) I live here . (Adverbs of Place)

5) I visit my grandmother twice a week. (Adverbs of Number)

6) He works carefully . (Adverbs of Manner)

In above sentences, all underlined words are Adverbs.





6) Prepositions - A Preposition is a word that is used to show the relationship between two objects or persons. It is placed before a Noun or a Pronoun. It indicates some relation between the noun or pronoun to some other word. e.g.:

1) He jumped into the river. ('into' showing motion/movement)

2) I'll come at 6 o'clock. ('at' showing time)

3) He is sitting in the class. ( 'in' showing rest)

4) The property was divided between two brothers. ( 'between' used for two persons/things)

5) The sweets were distributed among children. ( 'among' used for more than two persons/things)

In above sentences, all underlined words are Prepositions.





7) Conjunctions - Conjunctions are joining words. They help us in joining words, phrases, clauses and even sentences. e.g.:

1) Jim and Smith are good friends.

2) He could not come to school because he was ill.

3) You will pass if you work hard.

4) He ran fast but could not catch the bus.

5) Although he is poor, yet he is very happy.

In above sentences, all underlined words are Conjunctions.





8) Interjections - The word which is used to express some sudden feeling or emotion is called an Interjection. e.g.:

1) Hurrah ! We have won the match.

2) Alas ! He is no more.

3) Oh ! I lost my book.

4) Lo ! She has arrived.

5) Sorry ! I can't lend you my scooter.

In above sentences, all underlined words are Interjections.





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