The deficit levy, one of the more controversial federal budget measures, is expected to pass the Senate this week.

MPs and senators are back in Canberra for the final fortnight before the current Senate expires and the Income Tax Rates Amendment (Temporary Budget Repair Levy) Bill 2014 is listed for introduction into the Senate today.

It has the support of the major parties and independent senator Nick Xenophon, meaning it is set to pass the Parliament.

The 2 per cent tax increase on those earning more than $180,000 per year will apply from July 1 this year and is projected to raise more than $3 billion over four years.

Loading...

Some in the Government openly questioned the merits of raising taxes when media speculation suggested it could be applied to those on incomes of $80,000 per year.

Labor initially opposed the lifting of income tax rates temporarily, but agreed to the measure when it was revealed in the budget that it would only affect high-income earners.

However, Labor is criticising the Government for delaying other, more-contested budget measures, like changes to a range of family payments.

Opposition Leader Bill Shorten says the changes will hurt ordinary Australians.

"The Government is running scared of its own budget," Mr Shorten said.

"They know how angry people are at these unfair cuts and new taxes."

But the Government's Manager of Business in the Senate, Mitch Fifield, has rejected the Opposition's attack.

"The Government has laid out its legislative program and is working in an orderly and methodical way to secure its passage," he said.

Greens push for double dissolution

Meanwhile, the Greens are vowing to provide the Prime Minister with a double dissolution trigger by the end of the parliamentary sitting fortnight.

Party leader Christine Milne says she is determined to bring on a second vote on the abolition of the Clean Energy Finance Corporation (CEFC) which funds investment in renewable technologies.

The CEFC was established by the former Labor government. The Coalition Government's legislation to dismantle it was defeated in December last year.

The current Senate has only two more weeks left before it expires at the end of June and the Greens and Labor would combine to block the bills once more if successful in bringing it to a vote.

That would give Prime Minister Tony Abbott a trigger which he could use to call a double dissolution election.

However, Senator Fifield has condemned the Greens' plan as a stunt.

"This is a procedural tactic designed to delay the consideration and passage of other important legislation that has to pass by the end of this sitting fortnight," Senator Fifield told the ABC.

"The only way the Greens can seek to sabotage our mandate is if the Opposition continue to join with them in frustrating the will of the voters as expressed at the ballot box."

The Government also plans to resume debate on the bill to re-establish the construction sector watchdog, the Australian Building and Construction Commission (ABCC).

The legislation is friendless among non-government senators.