For thousands of years, religion has brought people of nations together … and in some cases, has torn them apart. Surveys and studies are used to show the most and least religious countries based on religious beliefs, the number of residents that “feel” religious, and how nations perceive other nations.

When analyzing the data of WIN/Gallup International polls, China is found to be the least religious country. Less than 10% of residents stated that they feel religious in this nation and over 60% are “convinced atheists.”

According to the poll, Japan is the second least-religious nation, with just 13% of residents stating that they feel religious. Ranking third in the poll is Estonia, where just 16% of the population feel religious.

Rounding out the top 10 least religious countries based on this data are:

When it comes to public perception, the results are a bit different. A survey of over 16,000 people found that nations viewed Australia as the least religious country in the world. Sweden and Germany rank second and third, respectively, on the poll based on public perception. The top 10 nations found to be the least religious based on perception include: