Human Rights Watch finds that of 300 cases of killings in the Amazon in the last decade, only 14 were tried in court.

A Human Rights Watch (HRW) report has found that more than 300 people have been killed over the past decade in conflicts over the use of land and resources in the Amazon, many by organised criminal networks profiting from illegal deforestation.

Of those cases, only 14 were tried in courts, the nonprofit said in the report based on 170 interviews.

“This really shows the level of impunity,” Cesar Munoz, a senior investigator at HRW told Reuters news agency on Tuesday on the sidelines of an event in Sao Paulo to discuss the report. “There is really a failure of investigation and accountability.”

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The president’s office in Brazil did not respond to Reuters request for comment.

Environment Minister Ricardo Salles, responding to the report, told Reuters the government has combated criminality, including in the environmental sphere. He pointed to the mobilisation of troops to combat illegal fires and other environmental crimes in recent weeks.

About 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest, considered a crucial barrier against climate change, lies in Brazil. Destruction of the forest has surged this year, and the highest number of fires since 2010 has drawn worldwide condemnation of the policies of President Jair Bolsonaro, who advocates opening the Amazon to development.

HRW travelled to several Brazilian states between 2017 and the first half of this year to research the report, which showed that almost half of the murders linked to deforestation took place in the northern state of Para.

The town of Novo Progresso, in Para, recently made headlines for a “day of fire”, in which prosecutors suspect a coordinated group set a series of blazes to burn forest and pasture land on August 10.

“In most of the killings that we examined, the victims had received threats or had been attacked before. If the authorities had taken their complaints seriously, these people might be alive today,” said Daniel Wilkinson, acting environment director at the rights group.

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Bolsonaro has weakened Brazil’s environmental enforcement agency Ibama, cut its budget by 25 percent and restricted the ability of field agents to torch the equipment of those found committing environmental crimes, Reuters has reported.

Wilkinson said Bolsonaro’s “assault on the country’s environmental agencies is putting the rainforest and the people who live there at much greater risk”.

Marina Silva, a former environment minister and presidential candidate, said the report was evidence of Brazil’s backsliding on the environment.

“The little that we achieved in the past is now being taken apart,” she said.