Sen. Bernie Sanders Bernie SandersButtigieg stands in as Pence for Harris's debate practice Bernie Sanders warns of 'nightmare scenario' if Trump refuses election results Harris joins women's voter mobilization event also featuring Pelosi, Gloria Steinem, Jane Fonda MORE (I-Vt.) was barely out of the starting gate in his presidential bid Tuesday when President Trump Donald John TrumpOmar fires back at Trump over rally remarks: 'This is my country' Pelosi: Trump hurrying to fill SCOTUS seat so he can repeal ObamaCare Trump mocks Biden appearance, mask use ahead of first debate MORE’s reelection campaign blasted him as a socialist.

But there are serious questions as to how effective such attacks will be, given that polling indicates a broadening popularity for ideas that were once on the left fringes of American politics.

Fifty-four percent — a clear majority — of adults nationwide who were surveyed for a CNN–SSRS poll conducted in late January and early February support a government-provided national health insurance program. An even higher percentage — 59 percent of the registered voters polled in a mid-January The Hill–HarrisX survey — favored increasing the highest income tax rate to 70 percent. A Reuters–IPSOS poll last summer indicated that 60 percent of respondents — including 41 percent of Republicans — supported a tax on speculative trading to provide free college tuition for those who meet certain income levels.

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Then there are the particular dynamics within the Democratic Party.

A Gallup poll last summer showed 57 percent of Democratic respondents have a positive view of socialism, as against only 47 percent who have a positive view of capitalism.

Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Alexandria Ocasio-CortezHouse passes bill to avert shutdown Trump attacks Omar for criticizing US: 'How did you do where you came from?' The Memo: Dems face balancing act on SCOTUS fight MORE (D-N.Y.), a former organizer for Sanders who shares his self-identification as a democratic socialist, has taken the party by storm since defeating then-Rep. Joseph Crowley (D-N.Y.) in a primary last June. To activists on the left, it is a sign that the zeitgeist has shifted in their favor — and that politicians such as Sanders should no longer be considered unelectable on a national scale.

“The New Deal was ‘socialist,’ Social Security was ‘socialist,’ Medicare was ‘socialist,’ President Obama’s health care reform was ‘socialist,’ ” said Waleed Shahid, the communications director of the Justice Democrats, a group founded by former Sanders staffers. “Given that decades-long fear-mongering about socialism — and especially the way Barack Obama Barack Hussein ObamaMichelle Obama and Jennifer Lopez exchange Ginsburg memories Pence defends Trump's 'obligation' to nominate new Supreme Court justice The militia menace MORE had that label put on him — I just don’t think voters are going to be very responsive to that kind of message.”

Another Democratic strategist, who requested anonymity to speak candidly, said even Sanders’s unflinching democratic socialism “is a very American vision of the role of government. Its antecedents are in the ideas of Franklin Roosevelt, not Karl Marx.”

Be that as it may, Republicans can barely suppress their glee about the launch of Sanders’s candidacy, seeing in it a chance not only to hit the veteran Vermonter but also to paint the Democratic Party more broadly as beyond the pale.

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“Run, Bernie, Run!” Matt Gorman, the former communications director of the National Republican Congressional Committee, said with a laugh. “Not only does he get to the left of the Democratic candidates in a primary, but he also really motivates Republicans in a huge way. And he pulls the entire [Democratic] field to the left.”

The statement from the Trump 2020 campaign responding to Sanders’s launch asserted that he had already had a major impact on the Democratic Party ever since he challenged eventual nominee Hillary Clinton Hillary Diane Rodham ClintonButtigieg stands in as Pence for Harris's debate practice Senate GOP sees early Supreme Court vote as political booster shot Poll: 51 percent of voters want to abolish the electoral college MORE more strongly than expected in 2016.

“Bernie Sanders has already won the debate in the Democrat primary, because every candidate is embracing his brand of socialism,” the statement, from Trump 2020 national press secretary Kayleigh McEnany, said. “But the American people will reject an agenda of sky-high tax rates, government-run health care and coddling dictators like those in Venezuela. Only President Trump will keep America free, prosperous and safe.”

The debates within the Democratic Party on the issue of ideological positioning are already powerful.

Sen. Kamala Harris Kamala HarrisButtigieg stands in as Pence for Harris's debate practice First presidential debate to cover coronavirus, Supreme Court Harris joins women's voter mobilization event also featuring Pelosi, Gloria Steinem, Jane Fonda MORE (D-Calif.) stated during a campaign trip to New Hampshire on Monday, “I am not a democratic socialist.”

Harris was, however, the first Democratic senator to announce she would co-sponsor Sanders’s “Medicare for all” bill in summer 2017. In an interview with Kasie Hunt of NBC News, Harris denied that the idea was a socialist one. “No, no. It’s about providing health care to all people,” she said.

Sen. Amy Klobuchar Amy KlobucharSocial media platforms put muscle into National Voter Registration Day Battle lines drawn on precedent in Supreme Court fight Sunday shows - Ruth Bader Ginsburg's death dominates MORE (D-Minn.), a more centrist 2020 candidate, stated plainly that she was not in favor of “free four-year college for all” during a CNN town hall event on Monday evening.

Sen. Elizabeth Warren Elizabeth WarrenHarris joins women's voter mobilization event also featuring Pelosi, Gloria Steinem, Jane Fonda Judd Gregg: The Kamala threat — the Californiaization of America GOP set to release controversial Biden report MORE (D-Mass.), meanwhile, is seen as competing with Sanders for progressive votes, but she does so without labeling herself as a democratic socialist.

Some party insiders are also eager to separate out attitudes to progressive policies from attitudes to Sanders himself.

Sanders is still the subject of considerable enmity in some Democratic circles because of his campaign against Clinton in 2016, which many strategists argue hurt her in the general election against Trump.

“I don’t remember another candidate who comes with as much opposition as Bernie does,” said Simon Rosenberg, the president of NDN, a center-left group.

“There are an awful lot of Democrats who are not supporting Bernie, and the opposition to him will be apparent, and will become obvious in the coming days,” Rosenberg added. “Up to this point, the primary has been pretty good-natured, and I think that is all going to change.”

Rosenberg also insisted that the shift of the party to the left had been exaggerated. He noted that there were a number of more centrist candidates who won seats in Congress in last November’s midterm elections.

Referring to the two most recent Democratic presidents, Rosenberg added: “Obama and [Bill] Clinton were far more pragmatists than ideologues.

“One of the things that I think people are missing is that if Democrats are looking for an alternative to Trump, then one clear alternative is being not so ideological, more pragmatic, and being willing to work with people on both sides to get things done.”

Trump himself was a good deal milder about Sanders than some Republicans.

“Personally I think he missed his time … but I like Bernie,” Trump told reporters in the Oval Office Tuesday.

Such politeness would likely go out the window if Sanders were to become the Democratic nominee — but even the primary itself will reveal plenty about where America stands on socialism.

The Memo is a reported column by Niall Stanage, primarily focused on Donald Trump’s presidency.