“The Mission is ground zero for the fight for the future of San Francisco,” said David Campos, the city supervisor who represents most of the nearly two-square-mile district. “People think San Francisco is an island of progressive thinking,” he said, but San Francisco “has the fastest-growing income inequality of any city in the nation,” he said, citing a Brookings Institution study. “Medium- and low-income people are being left behind,” Mr. Campos said.

Another complaint is that the influx of newcomers is bleaching out the Latino culture that drew them here. “People who come here say, ‘I love these murals,’” Mr. Campos said, adding, “You cannot have the art without the artists. We are losing this neighborhood.”

In one real estate deal that grabbed headlines, Mark Zuckerberg, the Facebook founder, and his wife, Priscilla Chan, a doctor at San Francisco General Hospital, paid about $10 million in 2013 for a house on the outskirts of the Mission.

One newly hired Google employee, who was interviewed on a Saturday afternoon while she sipped pho at a Vietnamese restaurant on fashionable Valencia Street in the Mission, said that, with her $100,000-a-year salary, “I can’t afford to live in the Mission.” She lives in the Castro, a gay-friendly neighborhood where rents are not as high, and asked that her name not be printed for fear of retribution. “People get very angry — they blame the tech companies,” she said.

Maximus Real Estate Partners, the developer of the apartment complex across from Chile Lindo, has promised to build or pay for 90 affordable housing units, more than twice the number required by the city. But that has not satisfied some neighbors, who have named it the “monster in the Mission” and complain that those apartments will be too expensive for working-class people. They also fear that the project will spur more gentrification and evictions.

At a meeting in March called by the developer to work with the community, residents shouted down speakers until the event was halted.