“They were providing limited services,” said Special Agent Noel Gil, who worked the case with the FBI Miami Field Office, “but most of their business was fraudulent. They were also enabling more fraud by accepting kickbacks for referring Medicare recipients to other medical agencies.”

Olivera’s sentence of six years in prison included an order to pay more than $5.7 million in restitution to the U.S. government. Much of Olivera’s illegally acquired money, however, had been invested in properties and deposited in bank accounts in Cuba before he faced criminal charges.

Media reports noted that Olivera was able to move the money during frequent trips to Cuba and frequent visits from family members to the United States.

Gil said it is unlikely that Olivera started to hide his money in Cuba because of any loyalty to the country; rather, he likely viewed it as a safeguard against U.S. authorities. “He was hiding his money in Cuba because he believed he could go back to his businesses and his riches,” Gil said.

In April 2019, however, the Cuban government convicted Olivera in absentia and sentenced him to 10 years in prison for money laundering, tax evasion, forgery of public documents, and illicit enrichment, among other crimes, based on his conviction in the United States and his investments in Cuba. They also punished several individuals who supported Olivera’s businesses or enterprises with fines or prison sentences.

Most notably, Cuban authorities seized four properties, a vehicle, and two bank accounts that Olivera had put in the names of relatives and associates in Cuba. The United States will pursue recovering assets held in Cuba as part of the ordered restitution payments.

The FBI believes Olivera is not the only individual who has had assets seized after a conviction in the United States. “The primary takeaway,” said Starrett, “is that the Cuban government may seize assets linked to crimes and no criminal should count on reclaiming them once they are seized.”