Category Description Example

Abortion Sites that pertain to information or groups in favor of or against abortion, details regarding abortion procedures, help or support forums for or against abortion, or sites that provide information regarding the consequences/effects of pursuing (or not) an abortion. www.prochoiceamerica.org

www.prochoice.org

www.prolifeaction.org

Abused Drugs Sites that promote the abuse of both legal and illegal drugs, use and sale of drug related paraphernalia, manufacturing and/or selling of drugs. www.cannabis.com

www.getkush.ca

www.magicmushroom.com

Adult Sexually explicit material, media (including language), art, and/or products, online groups or forums that are sexually explicit in nature. Sites that promote adult services such as video/telephone conferencing, escort services, strip clubs, etc. Anything containing adult content (even if it's games or comics) will be categorized as adult. www.playboyplus.com

www.redtube.com

Alcohol and Tobacco Sites that pertain to the sale, manufacturing, or use of alcohol and/or tobacco products and related paraphernalia. Includes sites related to electronic cigarettes. www.wine.com

www.thompsoncigars.com

www.cigarsinternational.com

www.thegoodwineguru.com

www.webtender.com

Auctions Sites that promote the sale of goods between individuals. www.ebay.com

www.internethorseauctions.com

Business and Economy Marketing, management, economics, and sites relating to entrepreneurship or running a business. Includes advertising and marketing firms. Should not include corporate websites as they should be categorized with their technology.

Also shipping sites, such as fedex.com and ups.com. www.bothsidesofthetable.com

www.ogilvy.com

www.geisheker.com

www.imageworksstudio.com

www.linearcreative.com

www.saleforce.com

www.xfinity.com

Command and Control URLs and domains used by malware and/or compromised systems to surreptitiously communicate with an attacker’s remote server to receive malicious commands or exfiltrate data.

Computer and Internet Info General information regarding computers and the internet. Should include sites about computer science, engineering, hardware, software, security, programming, etc. Programming may have some overlap with reference, but the main category should remain computer and internet info. www.redhat.com

www.freebsd.org

www.microsoft.com

www.symantec.com

www.oreilly.com

www.alexa.com

Content Delivery Networks Sites whose primary focus is delivering content to 3rd parties such as advertisements, media, files, etc.

Also includes image servers. www.limelight.com

www.cdnvideo.com

www.akamai.com

Copyright Infringement Web pages and services that are dedicated to illegally offer videos, movies or other media for download infringing copyrights of others.

Should not include sites that provide peer-to-peer file exchange services or general streaming media.

Cryptocurrency Websites that promote crypto currencies, crypto mining websites (but not embedded crypto miners), crypto currency exchanges and vendors, and websites that manage crypto currency wallets and ledgers. This category does not include traditional financial services websites that reference crypto currencies, websites that explain and describe how crypto currencies and block chains work, or websites that contain embedded crypto currency miners (grayware). coinbase.com

binance.com

bittrex.com

blockchain.com

crypto.com

Dating Websites offering online dating services, advice, and other personal ads www.match.com

www.eharmony.com

www.okcupid.com

Dynamic DNS Sites that provide and/or utilize dynamic DNS services to associate domain names to dynamic IP addresses. Dynamic DNS is often used by attackers for command-and-control communication and other malicious purposes. www.no-ip.com

www.dnsexit.com

Educational Institutions Official websites for schools, colleges, universities, school districts, online classes, and other academic institutions. These refer to larger, established educational institutions such as elementary schools, high schools, universities, etc. Tutoring academies can go here as well. www.ucla.edu

www.phoenix.edu

www.sfusd.edu

Entertainment and Arts Sites for movies, television, radio, videos, programming guides/tools, comics, performing arts, museums, art galleries, or libraries. Includes sites for entertainment, celebrity and industry news. www.variety.com

www.tmz.com

www.moma.org

www.eventbrite.com

Extremism Websites promoting terrorism, racism, fascism or other extremist views discriminating people or groups of different ethnic backgrounds, religions or other beliefs.

Should not include websites discussing controversial political or religious views. www.kkk.com

www.stormfront.org

www.chimpmania.com

Financial Services Websites pertaining to personal financial information or advice, such as online banking, loans, mortgages, debt management, credit card companies, and insurance companies.

Does not include sites relating to stock markets, brokerages or trading services.Includes sites for foreign currency exchange.

Includes sites for foreign currency exchange. www.chase.com

www.paypal.com

www.salliemae.com

Gambling Lottery or gambling websites that facilitate the exchange of real and/or virtual money. Related websites that provide information, tutorials or advice regarding gambling, including betting odds and pools.

Corporate websites for hotels and casinos that do not enable gambling are categorized under Travel. www.fulltiltpoker.com

www.vegasbettinglines.com

www.bet365.com

Games Sites that provide online play or download of video and/or computer games, game reviews, tips, or cheats, as well as instructional sites for non-electronic games, sale/trade of board games, or related publications/media.

Includes sites that support or host online sweepstakes and/or giveaways. www.gamespot.com

www.ign.com

www.1up.com

www.twitch.tv

Government Official websites for local, state, and national governments, as well as related agencies, services, or laws. www.ca.gov

www.sfgov.org

dmv.ca.gov

www.usps.com

Grayware Websites that do not pose a direct security threat but that display other obtrusive behavior and tempt the end user to grant remote access or perform other unauthorized actions. Grayware typically includes scams, adware, and other unwanted or unsolicited applications, such as embedded crypto miners or hijackers that change the elements of the browser.

Hacking Sites relating to the illegal or questionable access to or the use of communications equipment/software. Development and distribution of programs, how-to-advice and/or tips that may result in the compromise of networks and systems. Also includes sites that facilitate the bypass of licensing and digital rights systems. www.hackspc.com

www.hackthissite.org

Health and Medicine Sites containing information regarding general health information, issues, and traditional and non-traditional tips, remedies, and treatments.

Also includes sites for various medical specialties, practices and facilities (such as gyms and fitness clubs) as well as professionals. Sites relating to medical insurance and cosmetic surgery are also included. www.kaiserpermanente.org

www.webmd.com

www.24hourfitness.com

Home and Garden Information, products, and services regarding home repair and maintenance, architecture, design, construction, décor, and gardening. www.bhg.com

www.homedepot.com

www.gardenweb.com

Hunting and Fishing Hunting and fishing tips, instructions, sale of related equipment and paraphernalia. www.wildlifelicense.com

www.outdoorlife.com

Insufficient Content Websites and services that present test pages, no content, provide API access not intended for end-user display or require authentication without displaying any other content suggesting a different categorization.

Should not include websites providing remote access, such as web based VPN solutions, web based email services or identified credential phishing pages.

Internet Communications and Telephony Sites that support or provide services for video chatting, instant messaging, or telephony capabilities. www.skype.com

www.slack.com

www.gotomeeting.com

Internet Portals Sites that serve as a starting point for users, usually by aggregating a broad set of content and topics. www.yahoo.com

www.qq.com

www.msn.com

Job Search Sites that provide job listings and employer reviews, interview advice and tips, or related services for both employers and prospective candidates. www.monster.com

www.indeed.com

www.simplyhired.com

Legal Information, analysis or advice regarding the law, legal services, legal firms, or other legal related issues. www.probono.net

www.findlaw.com

Malware Sites containing malicious content, executables, scripts, viruses, trojans, and code.

Military Information or commentary regarding military branches, recruitment, current or past operations, or any related paraphernalia. www.goarmy.com

www.pentagon.mil

Motor Vehicles Information relating to reviews, sales and trading, modifications, parts, and other related discussions for automobiles, motorcycles, boats, trucks and RVs. www.edmunds.com

www.carfax.com

www.audi.com

www.discounttire.com

Music Music sales, distribution, or information. Includes websites for music artists, groups, labels, events, lyrics, and other information regarding the music business.

Does not include streaming music. www.u2.com

www.itunes.com

www.azlyrics.com

Newly Registered Domain* Domains that have been registered within the last 32 calendar days.

News Online publications, newswire services, and other websites that aggregate current events, weather, or other contemporary issues. Includes newspapers, radio stations, magazines, and podcasts. www.reuters.com

www.abcnews.com

www.weather.com

Not-resolved Indicates that the website was not found in the local URL filtering database and the firewall was unable to connect to the cloud database to check the category. When a URL category lookup is performed, the firewall first checks the dataplane cache for the URL, if no match is found, it will then check the management plane cache, and if no match is found there, it queries the URL database in the cloud. When deciding on what action to take for traffic that is categorized as not-resolved, be aware that setting the action to block may be very disruptive to users.

Nudity Sites that contain nude or seminude depictions of the human body, regardless of context or intent, such as artwork. Includes nudist or naturist sites containing images of participants. www.nudistbeaches.nl

Online Storage and Backup Websites that provide online storage of files for free and as a service. www.dropbox.com

www.evernote.com

www.slideshare.net

Parked URLs which host limited content or click-through ads which may generate revenue for the host entity but generally do not contain content that is useful to the end user.

Peer-to-Peer Sites that provide access to or clients for peer-to-peer sharing of torrents, download programs, media files, or other software applications. This is primarily for those sites that provide bittorrent download capabilities.

Does not include shareware or freeware sites. www.thepiratebay.org

www.emule-project.net

www.bitcomet.com

Personal Sites and Blogs Personal websites and blogs by individuals or groups. Should try to first categorize based on content. For example, if someone has a blog just about cars, then the site should be categorized under "motor vehicles". However, if the site is a pure blog, then it should remain under "personal sites and blogs". www.blogspot.com

www.wordpress.com

www.blogger.com

Philosophy and Political Advocacy Sites containing information, viewpoints or campaigns regarding philosophical or political views. www.bradyunited.org

www.ontheissues.org

www.the-philosophy.com

Phishing Seemingly reputable sites that harvest personal information from its users via phishing or pharming.

Private IP Addresses This category includes IP addresses defined in RFC 1918, 'Address Allocation for Private Intranets? It also includes domains not registered with the public DNS system ( *.local and *.onion). 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 (10/8 prefix)

172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 (172.16/12 prefix)

192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 (192.168/16 prefix)

169.254.0.0 - 169.254.255.255 (169.254/16 prefix)

Proxy Avoidance and Anonymizers Proxy servers and other methods that bypass URL filtering or monitoring. www.proxify.com

www.hide.me

www.anonym.to

Questionable Sites containing tasteless humor, offensive content targeting specific demographics of individuals or groups of people, criminal activity, illegal activity, and get rich quick sites. www.collegehumor.com

www.9gag.com

Real Estate Information on property rentals, sales and related tips or information. Includes sites for real estate agents, firms, rental services, listings (and aggregates), and property improvement. www.realtor.com

www.redfin.com

www.zillow.com

Recreation and Hobbies Information, forums, associations, groups, and publications on recreations and hobbies. www.cross-stitching.com

www.modelaircraft.org

Reference and Research Personal, professional, or academic reference portals, materials, or services. Includes online dictionaries, maps, almanacs, census information, libraries, genealogy and scientific information. www.wikipedia.org

www.reference.com

www.m-w.com

Religion Information regarding various religions, related activities or events. Includes websites for religious organizations, officials and places of worship.Includes sites for fortune telling. www.vatican.va

www.sjkoreancatholic.org

www.biblesociety.ca

Search Engines Sites that provide a search interface using keywords, phrases, or other parameters that may return information, websites, images or files as results. www.google.com

www.baidu.com

www.bing.com

Sex Education Information on reproduction, sexual development, safe sex practices, sexually transmitted diseases, birth control, tips for better sex, as well as any related products or related paraphernalia. Includes websites for related groups, forums or organizations. www.plannedparenthood.org

www.sexetc.org

Shareware and Freeware Sites that provide access to software, screensavers, icons, wallpapers, utilities, ringtones, themes or widgets for free and/or donations. Also includes open source projects. www.download.com

www.sourceforge.net

www.github.com

Shopping Sites that facilitate the purchase of goods and services. Includes online merchants, websites for department stores, retail stores, catalogs, as well as sites that aggregate and monitor prices. Sites listed here should be online merchants that sell a variety of items (or whose main purpose is online sales). A webpage for a cosmetics company that also happens to allow online purchasing should be categorized with cosmetics and not shopping. www.amazon.com

www.pricegrabber.com

www.lightningdrops.com

www.aliexpress.com

Social Networking User communities and sites where users interact with each other, post messages, pictures, or otherwise communicate with groups of people. Does not include blogs or personal sites. www.facebook.com

www.twitter.com

www.linkedin.com

Society Topics relating to the general population, issues that impact a large variety of people, such as fashion, beauty, philanthropic groups, societies, or children. Also includes restaurant websites.Includes websites designed for children as well as restaurants. www.redcross.org

www.harpersbazaar.com

www.foodnetwork.com

www.savethechildren.org

Sports Information about sporting events, athletes, coaches, officials, teams or organizations, sports scores, schedules and related news, and any related paraphernalia. Includes websites regarding fantasy sports and other virtual sports leagues. www.espn.com

www.nba.com

sports.yahoo.com

Stock Advice and Tools Information regarding the stock market, trading of stocks or options, portfolio management, investment strategies, quotes, or related news. www.thestreet.com

www.bloomberg.com

www.investopedia.com

Streaming Media Sites that stream audio or video content for free and/or purchase.Includes online radio stations and other streaming music services. www.hulu.com

www.youtube.com

www.pandora.com

www.spotify.com

Swimsuits and Intimate Apparel Sites that include information or images concerning swimsuits, intimate apparel or other suggestive clothing. www.victoriassecret.com

www.brazilianswimwear.com

Training and Tools Sites that provide online education and training and related materials.Can include driving/traffic schools, workplace training, etc. www.trafficschoolonline.com

www.moodle.com

www.redvector.com

www.quizlet.com

Translation Sites that provide translation services, including both user input and URL translations. These sites can also allow users to circumvent filtering as the target page's content is presented within the context of the translator's URL. translate.google.com

bing.com/translator

babelfish.com

Travel Information regarding travel tips, deals, pricing information, destination information, tourism, and related services. Includes websites for hotels, local attractions, casinos, airlines, cruise lines, travel agencies, vehicle rentals and sites that provide booking tools such as price monitors.Includes websites for local points of interest/tourist attractions such as the Eiffel Tower, the Grand Canyon, etc. www.kayak.com

www.farecompare.com

www.tripadvisor.com

www.jetblue.com

Unknown The website has not yet been categorized, so it does not exist in the URL filtering database on the firewall or in the URL cloud database. When deciding on what action to take for traffic categorized as unknown, be aware that setting the action to block may be very disruptive to users because there could be a lot of valid sites that are not in the URL database yet. If you do want a very strict policy, you could block this category, so websites that do not exist in the URL database cannot be accessed.

Weapons Sales, reviews, descriptions of or instructions regarding weapons and their use. www.israeli-weapons.com

www.grabagun.com

Web Advertisements Advertisements, media, content, and banners. www.doubleclick.com

www.popads.net

Web Hosting Free or paid for hosting services for web pages, including information regarding web development, publication, promotion, and other methods to increase traffic. www.godaddy.com

www.fatcow.com