1University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH

2Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY

3Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA

Corresponding Author:Francis T. Cullen, School of Criminal Justice, PO Box 210389, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0389 Email: [email protected]

Francis T. Cullen is Distinguished Research Professor of Criminal Justice and Sociology, University of Cincinnati. His recent works include Unsafe in the Ivory Tower: The Sexual Victimization of College Women, the Encyclopedia of Criminological Theory, and Correctional Theory: Context and Consequences. His current research areas include the organization of criminological knowledge and rehabilitation as a correctional policy. Past president of both the American Society of Criminology and the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, he was recently honored with ASC’s Edwin H. Sutherland Award.

Cheryl Lero Jonson is assistant professor, Department of Political Science and Criminal Justice, Northern Kentucky University. Her publications include Correctional Theory: Context and Consequences, and The Origins of American Criminology. Her current research interests include the impact of prison on recidivism, sources of inmate violence, and the use of meta-analysis to organize criminological knowledge.

Daniel S. Nagin is Teresa and H. John Heinz III University Professor of Public Policy and Statistics in the Heinz College, Carnegie Mellon University. An elected fellow of both the American Society of Criminology and the American Society for the Advancement of Science, he received the 2006 American Society of Criminology Edwin H. Sutherland Award. His research focuses on the evolution of criminal and antisocial behaviors over the life course, the deterrent effect of criminal and noncriminal penalties on illegal behaviors, and the development of statistical methods for analyzing longitudinal data. His writings include Group-based Modeling of Development (Harvard University Press, 2005) and extensive journal publications.