Of all the Founding Fathers, John Adams, who died July 4, 1826, impresses me most. He was the literal father of many, including another future president, and took great interest in shaping his children’s character. And he was the metaphorical father of a nation whose character he likewise tried to shape, often against fierce resistance.

No man was more honest, more passionate, better read or more prepared for the public offices he filled. At the same time, no man was more vilified and scoffed at. There were obvious reasons...