Pakistan’s general election has been plunged into chaos after the incumbent Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PMLN) said it would reject the result amid widespread allegations that the military was rigging the ballot in favour of the party led by the former cricketer Imran Khan.



With only a third of the vote counted by 3am – an hour after the result was officially due – Khan’s Pakistan-Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) led in 110 seats, with the PMLN trailing on 68.

Results continued to trickle in slowly on Thursday, hours after Khan’s supporters took to the streets to celebrate victory. Election authorities have not yet confirmed when they expect to announce the results. Some reports suggested it would not be until Thursday evening at the earliest.

More than a dozen domestic TV channels projected that the PTI would get as many as 119 seats out of a total 272 in the lower-house, exceeding expectations and delivering the role of prime minister to Khan for the first time.

Quick Guide Pakistan elections: who are three main parties? Show Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) Also known as the Justice party, it is led by the former cricketer Imran Khan, and has had some success at provincial level but has never been able to convert it into national power. Khan has been accused both of lacking a coherent political philosophy and of sympathising with extremists. He has described the Taliban’s fight in Afghanistan as a holy war, and accused “liberals” who support Nato’s war on the group of being “thirsty for blood”.

Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz Hopes to win control of parliament again, even though its leader, Nawaz Sharif, is in prison for corruption. Tried and sentenced in absentia, he returned to the country this month to serve his sentence, hoping to revitalise the campaign before the election. Now led by Sharif’s brother Shahbaz, the party is focusing on its economic success and promises of energy and infrastructure investment from China. However, efforts to increase tax revenues have faltered. Pakistan People’s party (PPP) Led by Bilawal Bhutto Zardari, son of the assassinated former prime minister Benazir Bhutto. The party lost ground after Benazir was killed in 2007 but the family name still carries considerable weight. The third-generation leader appears to be playing a long game, rebuilding support in its heartland with an eye on future elections. If it does well in this vote, the PPP could potentially serve as a junior partner in a coalition. Photograph: Aamir Qureshi/AFP

The Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP), an independent body, blamed the delay in announcing the result on a breakdown in the Results Transmission Software it purchased from a British company.

“There’s no conspiracy, nor any pressure in delay of the results,” the ECP secretary, Babar Yaqoob, told reporters. “The delay is being caused because the result transmission system has collapsed.”



But Shehbaz Sharif, the leader of the PMLN, said his party “wholly rejects” the result of the election, telling a press conference that his party’s polling agents had been evicted from dozens of stations by security officials before a final tally was reached, leaving them unable to monitor potential tampering.



“The mandate of millions of people who came out to vote has been humiliated. Our democratic process has been pushed back by decades,” said Sharif.

The PMLN, which tried to curb the power of the military while in office, has claimed for months that the establishment was “engineering” the vote against it.

The party’s former leader Nawaz Sharif, who on 13 July began a legally-dubious 10-year prison sentence for corruption, has accused the deputy head of the country’s all-powerful ISI spy agency of leadinga campaign against the PMLN. He said it included pressure on its candidates to defect, a spate of court cases and the silencing of supportive media channels.

Supporters of Imran Khan, who is head of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf party, celebrate on a street during general election in Islamabad. Photograph: Aamir Qureshi/AFP/Getty Images

As election workers sorted through massive piles of paper ballots, almost all the parties – except the PTI – alleged that their polling agents had been excluded from polling stations.

Bilawal Bhutto, the leader of the liberal Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) – the country’s third-largest party – tweeted it was “inexcusable and outrageous” that his activists had been excluded “across the country”.

It’s now past midnight & I haven’t received official results from any constituency I am contesting my myself. My candidates complaining polling agents have been thrown out of polling stations across the country. Inexcusable & outrageous. — BilawalBhuttoZardari (@BBhuttoZardari) July 25, 2018

The complaint was echoed by his rival Khadim Rizvi, the foul-mouthed cleric who leads the far-right Islamist group, Tehreek-e-Labbaik (TLP). “This is the worst rigging in history,” said a spokesman for Rizvi.



The PMLN senator Musadik Malik told journalists that security officials had taken over proceedings inside polling stations, with a particular focus on constituencies where the race was close between the PTI and PMLN.



“If what most political parties are alleging is true,” Aqil Shah of Oklahoma University said, “it would be the biggest theft of an election since the 1970s”, adding that the the parties should “unite and demand a repeat.”

PTI leaders batted away the claims. Pakistan’s likely next finance minister Asad Umar said that only those “sympathetic to India” were crying foul, while the rest of Pakistan “can see the country is going towards betterment.”



Terming the vote a “contest between the forces of good and evil”, Naeem ul Haq, a spokesperson for Khan, said the party chairman would address the nation later on Thursday.



In a tweet on his official account, Pakistan’s military spokesman Gen Asif Ghafoor called accusations of interference “malicious propaganda.”

Concerns about the electoral process were heightened after the ECP last month announced it would allow military officials inside polling stations, and granted them ultimate authority on proceedings there, while the armed forces announced it would deploy 371,000 troops on the day of the election, a fivefold increase on 2013 despite greatly improved security across the nation.

After a bloody campaign in which a terrorist attack in the eastern province of Balochistan killed 151 people at a rally, fears of election day violence were confirmed. Within hours of the polls opening, a suicide attack in Balochistan’s capital, Quetta, added 31 to the death toll and was later claimed by Isis.



The allegations of vote-rigging marred what was supposed to have been only the second transfer of power from one civilian government to another in Pakistan’s coup-prone 71-year existence.



Many supporters argued that 65-year-old Khan, the captain who brought home the 1992 cricket World Cup and a notable philanthropist, could fulfil his promises to end corruption and turn Pakistan into an “Islamic welfare state”.



At a street-party in Islamabad, PTI supporters danced ahead of the announcement of the official results.

Earlier in the day, 20-year-old Muhammad Junaid brandished his ink-stained thumb outside a polling station in Islamabad and said: “We want change”. His friend, Muhammad Salman, 20, said that an entire generation of young voters were turning out for Khan after being unable to vote in 2013.



Electoral projections suggested that the PTI would easily be able to form a coalition that would deliver the required 136-seat majority, drawing on the support of natural allies in the federally administered tribal areas and independent candidates.



Analyst Fasi Zaka argued that long-term instability would be limited: “Shehbaz Sharif is not a rabble-rouser, he is an administrator,” he said, adding that the PPP would also quickly cool down if it received the projected 40 or so seats.



Analysts said that, from an economic perspective, a stable PTI-led coalition would help the country deal with a looming current-account crisis.

“In September we have to go to the IMF to ask for the biggest bailout in Pakistan’s history, of between $15bn to $18bn,” said Adnan Rasool of Georgia State University. “If you have a strong coalition you can push through policy measures that we need in order to secure that kind of bailout, which is to take away subsidies and reduce budget deficit and reduce the value of the currency – again.”



But, he added, “this has been a selection process, not an election. It is embarrassing to watch.”

