Iraq crisis: US to send 'military advisers' Published duration 20 June 2014

media caption President Barack Obama: ''American forces will not be returning to combat in Iraq but we will help Iraqis as they take the fight to terrorists''

President Barack Obama says the US will send 300 military advisers to Iraq to help fight Islamist-led insurgents.

Mr Obama said the US was prepared for "targeted and precise military action, if and when" required, but added that US troops would not fight in Iraq.

He insisted there was "no military solution" and urged the Shia-led Iraqi government to be "inclusive".

US Secretary of State Kerry is expected to travel to Iraq soon to press for a more representative cabinet.

Iraq has asked the US for air strikes against the Sunni militants - spearheaded by the jihadist Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (Isis) - who have made major territorial gains in the past 10 days.

By Nick Bryant, BBC news, Washington

Drawn from America's special forces, the military advisers will set up joint command centres with the Iraqi military in Baghdad and in the north. But they will also go out into the field.

Senior administration officials have said that they are not at the stage of preparing air strikes, adding that they will be discreet and targeted if they come. They have also indicated that ISIS militants could come under American fire over the border in Syria.

At present the use of American air power is not being made conditional on Prime Minister Nouri Maliki stepping down, but clearly he has lost Washington's confidence.

US Secretary of State John Kerry is expected to travel to Iraq as part of a wider diplomatic mission to the Middle East and North Africa. His main aim it seems will be to press for the formation of a new more inclusive government.

Mr Obama said it was not the US's place to choose Iraq's leaders but warned:

"Only leaders with an inclusive agenda are going to be able to truly bring the Iraqi people together."

These comments are seen as a veiled criticism of Prime Minister Nouri Maliki, who has been accused of anti-Sunni policies which have helped inflame unrest, correspondents say.

"The United States will not pursue military actions that support one sect inside of Iraq at the expense of another," Mr Obama said.

In addition to sending advisers, Mr Obama said that the US would be increasing intelligence efforts and setting up "joint operation centres in Baghdad and northern Iraq, to share intelligence and co-ordinate planning".

Thousands of Shia from southern Iraq have volunteered to help the Iraqi army.

Shia militiamen have been sent to assist in the defence of the capital of Diyala province, which has effectively become a frontline, and the nearby city of Samarra, site of a major Shia shrine.

On Wednesday, the chairman of the US Joint Chiefs of Staff, Gen Martin Dempsey, warned that the US military still lacked sufficient intelligence to take action. He told a congressional hearing that pilots would have difficulty knowing who they were attacking from the air.

Iraq's sectarian split

image copyright Reuters image caption Members of Iraq's Shia majority community have volunteered to fight alongside the security forces

Sunnis and Shia share fundamental beliefs, but differ in doctrine, ritual, law, theology and religious organisation

The origins of the split lie in a dispute over who should have succeeded the Prophet Muhammad as leader of the Muslim community

Sunnis are the majority sect in the Muslim world, but Shia, most of them ethnic Arabs, form between 60% and 65% of Iraq's population; Sunnis make up 32-37%, split between Arabs and Kurds

Sunni Arabs dominated Iraq under Saddam Hussein and their persecution of the Shia stoked sectarian tensions; the US-led invasion in 2003 gave the Shia an opportunity to seek redress

Nouri Maliki has been accused of denying Sunni Arabs meaningful representation and pursuing security policies that target them

image copyright Getty Images image caption This satellite image, taken on Thursday, shows smoke billowing from the Baiji refinery in northern Iraq

Panic buying fuel

Mr Obama's statement came after a day in which fighting continued for control of the country's biggest oil refinery.

Officials insisted security forces were "in full control" of the Baiji refinery, about 200km (130 miles) north of the capital Baghdad. But militants led by Isis have surrounded the facility.

For several days, production has been halted at Baiji, which supplies much of the country's domestic fuel.

The shutdown has sparked panic buying in northern regions, with long queues at petrol stations in Iraqi Kurdistan, the BBC's Jim Muir reports from Irbil.

Isis in Iraq

image copyright AP image caption The rebels now control the northern cities of Mosul and Tikrit

Isis grew out of an al-Qaeda-linked organisation in Iraq

Estimated 10,000 fighters in Iraq and Syria

Joined in its offensives by other Sunni militant groups, including Saddam-era officers and soldiers, and disaffected Sunni tribal fighters

Exploits standoff between Iraqi government and the minority Sunni Arab community, which complains that Shia Prime Minister Nouri Maliki is monopolising power

Isis led by Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, an obscure figure regarded as a battlefield commander and tactician