Cato's Micheal Cannon has an important new study out today looking at the effects of ObamaCare across the income scale. What he finds is that low-wage workers would be hit the hardest:

House and Senate Democrats have produced health care legislation whose mandates, subsidies, tax penalties, and health insurance regulations would penalize work and reward Americans who refuse to purchase health insurance. As a result, the legislation could trap many Americans in low-wage jobs and cause even higher health-insurance premiums, government spending, and taxes than are envisioned in the legislation. Those mandates and subsidies would impose effective marginal tax rates on low-wage workers that would average between 53 and 74 percent — and even reach as high as 82 percent — over broad ranges of earned income. By comparison, the wealthiest Americans would face tax rates no higher than 47.9 percent. Over smaller ranges of earned income, the legislation would impose effective marginal tax rates that exceed 100 percent. Families of four would see effective marginal tax rates as high as 174 percent under the Senate bill and 159 percent under the House bill. Under the Senate bill, adults starting at $14,560 who earn an additional $560 would see their total income fall by $200 due to higher taxes and reduced subsidies. Under the House bill, families of four starting at $43,670 who earn an additional $1,100 would see their total income fall by $870.

Cannon's complete study can be found here.

Update: Reading through Cannon's study, it's worth remembering that, on the campaign trail, Obama accused Sen. John McCain of offering "a plan that only takes care of the healthy and the wealthy." He also said that McCain's plan "won't help reduce costs; it could actually drive costs up." But as Cannon notes, current reform legislation is also likely to make insurance premiums more expensive: