Former venture capitalist Ellen Pao is appealing her March loss to Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers in a much-watched Silicon Valley gender-discrimination trial.

Ms. Pao’s attorneys filed a notice of appeal Monday in San Francisco Superior Court. A spokeswoman said Ms. Pao is appealing a jury’s verdict that she failed to show the venture-capital firm discriminated against her and retaliated against her when she complained.

The...