Van Dyke was on duty when he shot McDonald, but multiple recent efforts to try off-duty officers in shootings have ended disastrously for Cook County prosecutors. In the highest-profile case, former Detective Dante Servin was cleared in April 2015 by Judge Dennis Porter of involuntary manslaughter in the fatal shooting of 22-year-old Rekia Boyd on the West Side. The judge's ruling all but said that prosecutors should have charged him with murder, not the lesser charge.