(A) VEGF mRNA levels (left, n = 4 experiments per group) and secreted protein concentration in the media (right, n = 6 experiments per group) of HUVECs cultured in control (Ctrl) or SAA-deficient (−M&C) media for 16 hr. Error bars indicate SEM.

(B) Migration assay: representative migration across a scratch (left, 10× magnification at t = 20 hr; dotted lines indicate boundary of the scratch at t = 0 hr) and area under the curve (AUC; right, n = 7–10 data points per condition, with each data point representing the mean of multiple measures within a single well in a representative experiment) from HUVECs cultured in the indicated media.

(C) Tube formation assay: representative capillary-like structures (left, 40× magnification) and quantification of tube length/field in arbitrary units (AU; right, n = 8–10 data points per condition) in HUVECs incubated in the indicated media ± SIRT1 inhibitor Ex-527 for 18 hr.

(D) Spheroid assay: representative images (left, 40× magnification) and quantification (right, in triplicate) of sprouting HUVEC spheroids in the indicated media ± VEGFR2 inhibitor SU5416 for 24 hr. Blue, DNA (DAPI); red, F-actin (phalloidin).

(E) Representative transverse sections (left, 40× magnification) and quantification (right) of gastrocnemius muscle stained for endothelial marker CD31 in mice fed for 2 weeks on control or MR diet ± VEGFR2 inhibitor axitinib; n = 6–8 mice per group.

(F) Longitudinal Doppler imaging of blood flow in WT mice preconditioned for 1 month on control or MR diet prior to femoral artery ligation (I, ischemic; NI, non-ischemic). Representative infrared images on the indicated day after ligation (left). Quantification of blood flow recovery with individual animal AUCs used for statistical comparison (right, n = 7–8 mice per group).

(G) Representative transverse sections (left, 40× magnification) and quantification (right) of CD31-stained gastrocnemius muscle 10 days after ligation from (F); n = 4 mice per group.