There are two common trends that emerge: Modi’s popularity is low in states where Hindi is not the main language and where the BJP is organisationally weak.

The only exception to this pattern is Odisha where the BJP is emerging as a vocal Opposition to the ruling Biju Janata Dal. Here 62.5 percent voters said they are satisfied with his performance as PM.

While the low approval rating for Modi in the south and Punjab isn’t surprising, what would come as a shock to the BJP is the PM’s below par rating in the crucial Hindi heartland state of Uttar Pradesh. Only 43.9 percent voters in UP said that they are satisfied with PM Modi’s performance. This despite the fact that he is an MP from the state, having been elected from Varanasi in 2014.

Even in West Bengal, where the BJP is hoping to make major gains in the Lok Sabha elections, only 43.2 percent voters said they are satisfied with Modi’s performance.