The Czech Senate voted on Monday to accuse the outgoing president, Vaclav Klaus, of high treason. The vote was a largely symbolic rebuke of Mr. Klaus, a vociferous euroskeptic who has often polarized Czech society.

The decision to forward a treason complaint to the country’s Constitutional Court was prompted by an amnesty granted by Mr. Klaus on Jan. 1, freeing more than 6,000 prison inmates and halting the prosecutions of some prominent business executives and officials who were charged with fraud. Czechs across the country, which has grappled with endemic corruption since it overthrew Communism in 1989, reacted with anger, tearing Mr. Klaus’s portrait from the walls of schools and offices. Senators also accused Mr. Klaus, 71, of undermining the Constitution by, among other things, failing to sign a plan to set up a bailout fund for Europe, even though it was approved by Parliament.

The Senate, which is dominated by the president’s political opponents on the left, took the matter up in a closed session Monday and voted 38 to 30 in favor of the charges, according to three senators who were present.

If Mr. Klaus is found guilty, it would have little practical effect on his presidency. He would be stripped of office, but his term ends on Thursday anyway; he would also lose his presidential pension and the right to run again for president. Even so, analysts said, the Senate’s action tars his legacy, and may inhibit future presidents, who play a largely ceremonial role but have the power to appoint judges, issue pardons and influence foreign policy.