The Times published an investigation this week into what caused financial ruin for so many drivers.

Industry disrupters like Uber and Lyft have drawn lots of attention, b ut the real problem was that lenders made reckless loans as regulators looked on, my colleague Brian M. Rosenthal reported. The loans generated huge profits for lenders, as well as for city coffers.

The practices were similar to those that led to the housing market crash and global financial crisis of 2008. They also created what one analyst called “modern-day indentured servitude.”

Here are five takeaways from Mr. Rosenthal’s investigation.

[Read Part 1 of the investigation: How reckless loans devastated a generation of taxi drivers.]

Uber and Lyft did not cause the crisis in New York City’s yellow taxi industry

The taxi medallion bubble burst in 2014. Uber entered the city in 2011, and Lyft in 2014.