Though the bankruptcy case was ultimately resolved with deals struck with Detroit’s major creditors, the notion of bankruptcy had irked many city leaders, who initially accused the state’s white, Republican leadership of unfairly seizing control of this mostly black, Democratic-run city.

“We still have enormous challenges delivering services in the city every day, but at least now we are no longer a city that’s in bankruptcy,” said Mr. Duggan, who took office almost a year ago, even as Mr. Orr held control of most major decisions and as the bankruptcy case was making its way through court. “So we’re going to start fresh tomorrow. And we’re going to do the best we can to deliver the kind of services that the people in the city deserve.”

Mr. Duggan said that the reorganization plan — which allows Detroit to shed $7 billion of its debts and to spend about $1.7 billion to remake its dismal city services over the next 10 years — “gives us the tools to have a chance to succeed.”

While Mr. Duggan and members of Detroit’s City Council are expected to regain control over governance, the court-approved exit plan requires strict oversight of the city’s finances in the years ahead by a commission that includes a majority of representatives appointed by the state. That commission has already begun holding meetings. If the city stays within its budgets for three years, the commission’s role will shift, though the commission may provide some oversight for at least 10 years beyond that.