Brexit has accelerated the possibility of a referendum on Irish unity, which may be the best solution to mitigate the effects of Britain leaving the EU, a new paper on Brussels’ potential role in achieving reunification says.

The inevitability of referendums on both sides of the Irish border means “planning and preparation needs to commence and the EU will be a central part of that,” said Queen’s University Belfast Prof. Colin Harvey at the launch of the paper in the European Parliament on Wednesday, the Irish Times reported.

Speaking with his co-author, barrister Mark Bassett, Harvey said that meetings with representatives from EU member states had shown a broad understanding of the argument that Irish unity might be the best way to deal with the ill-effects of Brexit on the island of Ireland. The alternative, he said, was the “forced removal of Northern Ireland” from the EU “against its will.”

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Northern Ireland voted to remain in the EU by a majority of 56 percent to 44 percent.

Harvey and Bassett’s paper was commissioned by Irish republican party Sinn Féin and its left-wing parliamentary group Gue/NGL.

Harvey said that the EU accepted that Irish reunification would be seen as similar to German reunification in the sense that it would entail the expansion of an existing territory and not a new accession which needed its own accession process, the newspaper reported. The right to self-determination of people was also enshrined in international law, Bassett said.

The Irish government, led by the center-right Fine Gael and propped up by center-right Fianna Fail, has been reluctant to bring up the issue of Irish unity in the context of Brexit, preferring instead to push for Britain to strike a deal with Brussels which averts the need for a hard border to be implemented and maintains the status quo.

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Harvey said the government needed to be realistic about the future and recognize that people are having that discussion whether they like it or not.

“We’re trying to start tonight to have a conversation about referendums that are coming,” he said.

One Fine Gael MEP at the meeting, Seán Kelly, admitted that while he did not favor an immediate unity referendum, that Brexit had “changed the attitude and culture in Ireland” around the issue. “People are now talking about a united Ireland that were never considering it five years ago,” he said.

Sinn Féin MEP Matt Carthy added that his party was not advocating for a referendum immediately, but that the message for the government was that there was a need to start planning for the inevitable.

It's not the first time the Irish government has been prodded to begin preparing for a unity referendum. Sinn Féin has repeatedly called for the government to establish a national Forum for Unity, saying that Dublin has a duty to plan for the future, saying Brexit has highlighted the importance of not embarking on major constitutional change without adequate preparation. Over two years ago Fianna Fáil said it was working on a 12-point plan for a united Ireland, but it has still not produced any document.

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Polls in the Republic of Ireland have consistently shown a clear majority in favor of reunification. In the north, which is heavily divided along political and sectarian lines, the results are more murky, but some polls have shown increased support for unity in the event of a no-deal Brexit.

As Brexit chaos drags on, fears have grown that any deal (or no-deal) which creates havoc at the border is likely to increase the risk of violence and put a hard-won peace process at risk.

The authors of the report noted that a path to unity had already been carved out by the Good Friday Agreement (GFA) and the Irish Constitution. Under the terms of the GFA, a vote must be held (and pass) on both sides of the border for unity to be won.

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