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Jason Levine, who heads the Center for Auto Safety, criticized NHTSA for moving ahead during the coronavirus pandemic, adding it should not “remove regulatory safeguards for technology even DOT acknowledges has not been proven and may in fact be unsafe.”

GM sought permission from NHTSA in January 2018 for a waiver to deploy up to 2,500 cars on U.S. roads per year without steering wheels and other human controls, but the agency has not yet acted on the proposal.

While car makers across the world are racing to develop self-driving vehicles, the technology has yet to gain widespread consumer acceptance as recent accidents involving such vehicles raised doubts about their readiness for public roads.

NHTSA is not proposing to change rules for cars with human drivers.

NHTSA said in its proposal that “as much of this potential is currently unsubstantiated and the impacts unknown, the agency believes the most prudent path forward is to remove unnecessary barriers to innovation while ensuring that occupants continue to receive the same protections afforded by existing regulations.”

Last month, NHTSA allowed SoftBank Group-backed autonomous vehicle startup Nuro Inc to temporarily deploy up to 5,000 low-speed electric delivery vehicles without human controls like mirrors and steering wheels. (Reporting by David Shepardson Editing by Chizu Nomiyama and Steve Orlofsky)