An 18-year-old Israeli national has been charged with making thousands of hoax bomb and shooting threats, many of which targeted Australian schools.

It is alleged over 2,000 robotic voice bomb and shooting hoax calls began in January 2016.

Victoria Police, the Australian Federal Police (AFP) and other state police forces investigated 591 threats in Australia.

Victoria Police confirmed 128 of the threats were directed to Victorian schools. It is not known which other states were targeted.

Internationally, the threats were investigated by a joint team including the FBI and law enforcement agencies in Israel, New Zealand and the United Kingdom.

"The Victoria Police E-Crime Squad provided vital cyber evidence which resulted in the arrest of the Israeli suspect," Victoria Police said in a statement.

"Israeli police acknowledged they could not have done it without us [the E-Crime Squad]."

The suspect's identity can not be reported for legal reasons. He was 17 at the time of the offences.

The case will be dealt with by the Israeli courts.

In a separate case, a 17-year-old boy was in a children's court in Victoria on Thursday, charged with making dozens of bomb hoaxes to schools across Victoria, New South Wales and South Australia between May 2016 and April 2017.

The boy is due to appear in court again on June 26.

Victoria Police confirmed the two cases were not connected.