Thirty per cent of the infertile couples suffers from a condition called tubal dysfunction. Diagnostic imaging tests are done to observe the fallopian tube damage before treatment. The fallopian tubes can be assessed in two ways, namely Hysterosalpingo contrast Sonography (HyCoSy) which is a variation of the standard sonography. In this imaging procedure, a contrasting agent is utilised for obtaining visuals of the leakages in the fallopian tubes. This test gives a clearer picture compared to the standard pelvic sonography. When there is leakage detected in the patent tubes of the patient, it indicates that there are no blockages, and when the opposite picture is seen, it indicates that the tubes are either blocked or damaged. However, the blockage or damage in the fallopian tubes is the only factor that influences infertility. The uterine conditions also play a key role in leading to infertility conditions. To assess the uterine condition, Hysteroscopy or Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is the standard imaging technique used for assessment.

Hysteroscopy imaging technique provides a panoramic vision of the patient’s uterine cavity. This process can help us to also carry out a direct biopsy of the possible lesions with this procedure. This method is one of the most accurate processes to diagnose and assess intra-uterine problems. Hysteroscopy is only limited to the assessment of the Uterus and uterine factors and cannot be used to analyse the anatomy of the fallopian tubes.

The HSG, on the other hand, is a more advanced imaging technique to assess the uterine factors and fallopian tubes as well. In this process, a dye is injected into the Uterus. The anatomy of the uterus and the fallopian tubes can be imaged once the dye flows into the fallopian tubes using a steady beam of X-ray. The pictures accurately depict any abnormality or damage in the Uterus or the fallopian tubes.

X-ray beams which are used for imaging during the HSG procedure involve some amount of radiation to the patient. So even though it is an effective imaging technique, the radiation can harm some patients. Hence, HyCoSy is first preferred and regarded to be a better imaging technique for uterine pathology compared to standard sonography. It does not use any radiations compared to the HSG and is considered to be a safer method. Hysteroscopy is used mostly for assessment of tubal patency, and this imaging technique is combined with sonography. This combination of Hysteroscopy and sonography is safer, easier and minimally invasive procedure to the HSG imaging procedure.