M.D.T. is supported by the NIH (R01CA148699 and R01CA159859), The Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation, The Terry Fox Research Institute, The Canadian Institutes of Health Research, The Cure Search Foundation, b.r.a.i.n.child, Meagan’s Walk, The SWIFTY Foundation, Genome Canada, Genome BC, Genome Quebec, the Ontario Research Fund, Worldwide Cancer Research, V-Foundation for Cancer Research and the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research through funding provided by the Government of Ontario. M.D.T. is also supported by a Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute Impact grant and by a Stand Up To Cancer (SU2C) St. Baldrick’s Pediatric Dream Team Translational Research Grant (SU2C-AACR-DT1113) and SU2C Canada Cancer Stem Cell Dream Team Research Funding (SU2C-AACR-DT-19-15) provided by the Government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, with supplementary support from the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research through funding provided by the Government of Ontario. Stand Up To Cancer is a program of the Entertainment Industry Foundation administered by the American Association for Cancer Research. M.D.T. is also supported by the Garron Family Chair in Childhood Cancer Research at the Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto. L.S. and I.E.-H. were supported by funding provided by the Government of Ontario. M.C.V is supported by The Canadian Institutes of Health Research Doctoral scholarship. A.L.J. was supported by NIMH-R37MH085726, NCI-CA192176 and NINDS-R01NS092096 and a National Cancer Institute Cancer Center Support Grant (P30 CA008748-48). This study was conducted with the support of the Ontario Institute for Cancer Research’s Genomics & Bioinformatics platform (https://genomics.oicr.on.ca/) through funding provided by the Government of Ontario.

Reviewer information

Nature thanks Kathleen Millen and the other anonymous reviewer(s) for their contribution to the peer review of this work.