Aaron, M. (2012). The pathways of problematic sexual behavior: A literature review of factors affecting adult sexual behavior in survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 19(3), 199–218. https://doi.org/10.1080/10720162.2012.690678.

Abel, G. G., Becker, J. V., Cunningham-Rathner, J., Mittelman, M., & Rouleau, J.-L. (1988). Multiple paraphilic diagnoses among sex offenders. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 16(2), 153–168.

Allen, B. (2011). Childhood psychological abuse and adult aggression: The mediating role of self-capacities. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(10), 2093–2110. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260510383035.

Andrade, J. T., Vincent, G. M., & Saleh, F. M. (2006). Juvenile sex offenders: A complex population. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 51(1), 163–167. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2005.00010.x.

Arata, C. M., Langhinrichsen-Rohling, J., Bowers, D., & O’Brien, N. (2007). Differential correlates of multi-type maltreatment among urban youth. Child Abuse and Neglect, 31(4), 393–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.09.006.

Auty, K. M., Farrington, D. P., & Coid, J. W. (2015). Intergenerational transmission of psychopathy and mediation via psychosocial risk factors. British Journal of Psychiatry, 206(1), 26–31. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.151050.

Awad, G. A., & Saunders, E. B. (1991). Male adolescent sexual assaulters. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 6(4), 446–460. https://doi.org/10.1177/088626091006004004.

Bagley, C., Wood, M., & Young, L. (1994). Victim to abuser: Mental health and behavioral sequels of child sexual abuse in a community survey of young adult males. Child Abuse and Neglect, 18(8), 683–697.

Bancroft, J., & Vukadinovic, Z. (2004). Sexual addiction, sexual compulsivity, sexual impulsivity, or what? Toward a theoretical model. Journal of Sex Research, 41(3), 225–234. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490409552230.

Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Bell, R. Q. (1979). Parent, child, and reciprocal influences. American Psychologist, 34(10), 821–826.

Berman, A. K., & Knight, R. A. (2015). The relation of familiarity with sexual abusers to subsequent developmental adaptation in youths who have sexually offended. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 27(6), 587–608. https://doi.org/10.1177/1079063214544329.

Bogaerts, S., Vanheule, S., & Declercq, F. (2005). Recalled parental bonding, adult attachment style, and personality disorders in child molesters: A comparative study. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 16(3), 445–458. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789940500094524.

Brown, C. A., Granero, R., & Ezpeleta, L. (2017). The reciprocal influence of callous-unemotional traits, oppositional defiant disorder and parenting practices in preschoolers. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 48(2), 298–307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-016-0641-8.

Burns, E. E., Jackson, J. L., & Harding, H. G. (2010). Child maltreatment, emotion regulation, and posttraumatic stress: The impact of emotional abuse. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 19(8), 801–819. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2010.522947.

Burton, D. L. (2003). Male adolescents: Sexual victimization and subsequent sexual abuse. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 20(4), 277–296. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024556909087.

Caldwell, M. F. (2002). What we do not know about juvenile sexual reoffense risk. Child Maltreatment, 7(4), 291–302. https://doi.org/10.1177/107755902237260.

Cameron, N. M., Del Corpo, A., Diorio, J., McAllister, K., Sharma, S., & Meaney, M. J. (2008). Maternal programming of sexual behavior and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal function in the female rat. PLoS ONE, 3(5), e2210. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002210.

Carvalho, J., Štulhofer, A., Vieira, A. L., & Jurin, T. (2015). Hypersexuality and high sexual desire: Exploring the structure of problematic sexuality. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 12(6), 1356–1367. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsm.12865.

Cecil, C. A. M., Viding, E., Fearon, P., Glaser, D., & McCrory, E. J. (2017). Disentangling the mental health impact of childhood abuse and neglect. Child Abuse and Neglect, 63, 106–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.11.024.

Chang, L., Schwartz, D., Dodge, K. A., & McBride-Chang, C. (2003). Harsh parenting in relation to child emotion regulation and aggression. Journal of Family Psychology, 17(4), 598–606. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.17.4.598.

Daversa, M. T., & Knight, R. A. (2007). A structural examination of the predictors of sexual coercion against children in adolescent sexual offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 34(10), 1313–1333. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854807302411.

Davids, O., Londt, M., & Wilson, L. (2015). Imprisoned sex offenders’ chronic denial and their childhood family environment. The Open Family Studies Journal, 7(1), 42–47. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874922401507010042.

Davis, K. A., & Knight, R. A. (2018). Childhood maltreatment experiences and problematic sexual outcomes in adult males who have sexually offended: Further evidence of the potency of male caregiver psychological abuse. Manuscript submitted for publication.

Dawson, S. J., Bannerman, B. A., & Lalumière, M. L. (2016). Paraphilic interests. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 28(1), 20–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/1079063214525645.

Deater-Deckard, K., & Dodge, K. A. (1997). Externalizing behavior problems and discipline revisited: Nonlinear effects and variation by culture, context, and gender. Psychological Inquiry, 8(3), 161–175. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0803_1.

Edwards, V. J., Holden, G. W., Felitti, V. J., & Anda, R. F. (2003). Relationship between multiple forms of childhood maltreatment and adult mental health in community respondents: Results from the adverse childhood experiences study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160(8), 1453. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.8.1453.

Felson, R. B., & Lane, K. J. (2009). Social learning, sexual and physical abuse, and adult crime. Aggressive Behavior, 35(6), 489–501. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.20322.

Frazier, C. R., Trainor, B. C., Cravens, C. J., Whitney, T. K., & Marler, C. A. (2006). Paternal behavior influences development of aggression and vasopressin expression in male California mouse offspring. Hormones and Behavior, 50(5), 699–707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2006.06.035.

Garbarino, J., Guttman, E., & Seeley, J. (1986). The psychologically battered child: Strategies for identification, assessment and intervention. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Glowacz, F., & Born, M. (2013). Do adolescent child abusers, peer abusers, and non-sex offenders have different personality profiles? European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 22(2), 117–125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-012-0333-2.

Grabell, A. S., & Knight, R. A. (2009). Examining childhood abuse patterns and sensitive periods in juvenile sexual offenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 21(2), 208–222. https://doi.org/10.1177/1079063209333133.

Hanson, R. K., & Morton-Bourgon, K. E. (2005). The characteristics of persistent sexual offenders: A meta-analysis of recidivism studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(6), 1154–1163. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.73.6.1154.

Hart, S. N., Binggeli, N. J., & Brassard, M. R. (1997). Evidence for the effects of psychological maltreatment. Journal of Emotional Abuse, 1(1), 27–58. https://doi.org/10.1300/J135v01n01_03.

Hart, S. N., & Brassard, M. R. (1987). A major threat to children’s mental health: Psychological maltreatment. American Psychologist, 42, 160–165.

Hart, S. N., & Brassard, M. R. (1991). Psychological maltreatment: Progress achieved. Development and Psychopathology, 3(1), 61–70. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579400005095.

Henry, B., Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Langley, J., & Silva, P. A. (1994). On the “remembrance of things past”: A longitudinal evaluation of the retrospective method. Psychological Assessment, 6(2), 92–101. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.6.2.92.

Hibbard, R., Barlow, J., & Macmillan, H. (2012). Psychological maltreatment. Pediatrics, 130(2), 372. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-1552.

Hoeve, M., Dubas, J. S., Eichelsheim, V. I., van der Laan, P. H., Smeenk, W., & Gerris, J. R. (2009). The relationship between parenting and delinquency: A meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37(6), 749–775. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-009-9310-8.

Hoeve, M., Dubas, J. S., Gerris, J. R. M., van der Laan, P. H., & Smeenk, W. (2011). Maternal and paternal parenting styles: Unique and combined links to adolescent and early adult delinquency. Journal of Adolescence, 34(5), 813–827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.02.004.

Homma, Y., Wang, N., Saewyc, E., & Kishor, N. (2012). The relationship between sexual abuse and risky sexual behavior among adolescent boys: A meta-analysis. Journal of Adolescent Health, 51, 18–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.12.032.

Hornor, G. (2012). Emotional maltreatment. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 26(6), 436–442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2011.05.004.

Jespersen, A. F., Lalumière, M. L., & Seto, M. C. (2009). Sexual abuse history among adult sex offenders and non-sex offenders: A meta-analysis. Child Abuse and Neglect, 33(3), 179–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.07.004.

Kafka, M. P. (1997). A monoamine hypothesis for the pathophysiology of paraphilic disorders. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 26(4), 343–358. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024535201089.

Kafka, M. P. (2003). The monoamine hypothesis for the pathophysiology of paraphilic disorders: An update. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 989(1), 86–94. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07295.x.

Kafka, M. P. (2010). Hypersexual disorder: A proposed diagnosis for DSM-V. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39(2), 377–400. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-009-9574-7.

Kafka, M. P., & Hennen, J. (2003). Hypersexual desire in males: Are males with paraphilias different from males with paraphilia-related disorders? Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 15(4), 307–321. https://doi.org/10.1177/107906320301500407.

Kendall-Tackett, K., & Becker-Blease, K. (2004). The importance of retrospective findings in child maltreatment research. Child Abuse and Neglect, 28(7), 723–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2004.02.002.

Kim, J., & Cicchetti, D. (2010). Longitudinal pathways linking child maltreatment, emotion regulation, peer relations, and psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51(6), 706–716. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02202.x.

Kingston, D. A., & Bradford, J. M. (2013). Hypersexuality and recidivism among sexual offenders. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 20, 91–105. https://doi.org/10.1080/10720162.2013.768131.

Kingston, D. A., Graham, F. J., & Knight, R. A. (2017). Relations between self-reported adverse events in childhood and hypersexuality in adult male sexual offenders. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 46(3), 707–720. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0873-5.

Knight, R. A. (2004). Comparisons between juvenile and adult sexual offenders on the multidimensional assessment of sex and aggression. In G. O’Reilly, W. L. Marshall, R. Beckett, & A. Carr (Eds.), Handbook of clinical interventions with young people who sexually abuse (pp. 203–223). London: Brunner-Routledge Press.

Knight, R. A., & Cerce, D. D. (1999). Validation and revision of the multidimensional assessment of sex and aggression. Psychologica Belgica, 39(2/3), 135–161.

Knight, R. A., & Daversa, M. T. (2005). Early abuse experiences in juvenile sexual offenders: Description, interrelatedness, and cumulative impact. Paper presented at the meeting of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers, Salt Lake City, UT.

Knight, R. A., & Graham, F. J. (2015, June). A theoretical model to explain the covariation of callous-manipulativeness and hypersexuality. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for the Scientific Study of Psychopathy, Chicago, IL.

Knight, R. A., & Graham, F. J. (2017). Hypersexuality: Equifinal, cohesive, clinical presentation or symptom cluster with multiple underlying mechanisms? [Commentary]. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 46, 2261–2264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1089-z.

Knight, R. A., & Prentky, R. A. (1993). Exploring characteristics for classifying juvenile sex offenders. In H. E. Barbaree, W. L. Marshall, & S. M. Hudson (Eds.), The juvenile sex offender (pp. 45–83). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Knight, R. A., Prentky, R. A., & Cerce, D. D. (1994). The development, reliability, and validity of an Inventory for the Multidimensional Assessment of Sex and Aggression. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 21(1), 72–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854894021001006.

Knight, R. A., Ronis, S. T., & Zakireh, B. (2009). Bootstrapping persistence risk indicators for juveniles who sexually offend. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 27(6), 878–909. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.908.

Knight, R. A., & Sims-Knight, J. E. (2003). The developmental antecedents of sexual coercion against women: Testing alternative hypotheses with structural equation modeling. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 989(1), 72–85. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07294.x.

Knight, R. A., & Sims-Knight, J. E. (2004). Testing an etiological model for male juvenile sexual offending against females. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 13(3–4), 33–55. https://doi.org/10.1300/J070v13n03_03.

Knight, R. A., & Sims-Knight, J. E. (2011). Risk factors for sexual violence. In J. W. White, M. P. Koss, & A. E. Kazdin (Eds.), Violence against women and children, Vol. 1: Mapping the terrain (pp. 125–172). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Krstic, S., Knight, R. A., & Robertson, C. A. (2015). Developmental antecedents of the facets of psychopathy: The role of multiple abuse experiences. Journal of Personality Disorders, 30(5), 677–693. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2015_29_223.

Langevin, R., Hébert, M., & Cossette, L. (2015). Emotion regulation as a mediator of the relation between sexual abuse and behavior problems in preschoolers. Child Abuse and Neglect, 46, 16–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.02.001.

Lee, J. K. P., Jackson, H. J., Pattison, P., & Ward, T. (2002). Developmental risk factors for sexual offending. Child Abuse and Neglect, 26(1), 73–92.

Letourneau, E. J., & Miner, M. H. (2005). Juvenile sex offenders: A case against the legal and clinical status quo. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 17(3), 293–312. https://doi.org/10.1177/107906320501700304.

Levenson, J. S., & Grady, M. D. (2016). The influence of childhood trauma on sexual violence and sexual deviance in adulthood. Traumatology, 22(2), 94–103. https://doi.org/10.1037/trm0000067.

Lisak, D. (1994). Subjective assessment of relationships with parents by sexually aggressive and nonaggressive men. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 9(3), 399–411. https://doi.org/10.1177/088626094009003008.

Liu, R. T., Alloy, L. B., Abramson, L. Y., Iacoviello, B. M., & Whitehouse, W. G. (2009). Emotional maltreatment and depression: Prospective prediction of depressive episodes. Depression and Anxiety, 26(2), 174–181. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.20545.

Lowell, A., Renk, K., & Adgate, A. H. (2014). The role of attachment in the relationship between child maltreatment and later emotional and behavioral functioning. Child Abuse and Neglect, 38(9), 1436–1449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.02.006.

Lussier, P. (2017). Juvenile sex offending through a developmental life course criminology perspective. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 29(1), 51–80. https://doi.org/10.1177/1079063215580966.

Lussier, P., & Blokland, A. (2014). The adolescence-adulthood transition and Robins’s continuity paradox: Criminal career patterns of juvenile and adult sex offenders in a prospective longitudinal birth cohort study. Journal of Criminal Justice, 42(2), 153–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2013.07.004.

Marshall, W. L., & Marshall, L. E. (2000). The origins of sexual offending. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 1(3), 250–263. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838000001003003.

Masten, A. S., & Wright, M. O. D. (1998). Cumulative risk and protection models of child maltreatment. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 2(1), 7–30. https://doi.org/10.1300/J146v02n01_02.

McCormack, J., Hudson, S. M., & Ward, T. (2002). Sexual offenders’ perceptions of their early interpersonal relationships: An attachment perspective. Journal of Sex Research, 39(2), 85–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490209552127.

McGee, R. A., Wolfe, D. A., & Wilson, S. K. (1997). Multiple maltreatment experiences and adolescent behavior problems: Adolescents’ perspectives. Development and Psychopathology, 9(1), 131–149.

Meaney, M. J. (2001). Maternal care, gene expression, and the transmission of individual differences in stress reactivity across generations. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 24, 1161–1182.

MIDSA. (2011). MIDSA clinical manual. Bend, OR: Augur Enterprises, Inc. www.midsa.us.

Miller, A., Jenness, J., Oppenheimer, C., Gottleib, A., Young, J., & Hankin, B. (2017). Childhood emotional maltreatment as a robust predictor of suicidal ideation: A 3-year multi-wave, prospective investigation. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 45(1), 105–116. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-016-0150-z.

Moretti, M. M., & Craig, S. G. (2013). Maternal versus paternal physical and emotional abuse, affect regulation and risk for depression from adolescence to early adulthood. Child Abuse and Neglect, 37(1), 4–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2012.09.015.

Muller, R., Thornback, K., & Bedi, R. (2012). Attachment as a mediator between childhood maltreatment and adult symptomatology. Journal of Family Violence, 27(3), 243–255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-012-9417-5.

Myers, J. E. B. (2011). The APSAC handbook on child maltreatment (3rd ed.). Los Angeles: Sage.

Paivio, S. C. (2001). Stability of retrospective self-reports of child abuse and neglect before and after therapy for child abuse issues. Child Abuse and Neglect, 25(8), 1053–1068. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00256-3.

Pardini, D. A. (2008). Novel insights into longstanding theories of bidirectional parent-child influences: Introduction to the special section. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36(5), 627–631. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-008-9231-y.

Paul, E., & Eckenrode, J. (2015). Childhood psychological maltreatment subtypes and adolescent depressive symptoms. Child Abuse and Neglect, 47, 38–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.05.018.

Phares, V., Fields, S., Kamboukos, D., & Lopez, E. (2005). Still looking for poppa [Comment]. American Psychologist, 60(7), 735–736. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.7.735.

Séguin-Lemire, A., Hébert, M., Cossette, L., & Langevin, R. (2017). A longitudinal study of emotion regulation among sexually abused preschoolers. Child Abuse and Neglect, 63, 307–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.11.027.

Seto, M. C., & Lalumière, M. L. (2010). What is so special about male adolescent sexual offending? A review and test of explanations through meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 136(4), 526–575. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019700.

Seto, M. C., Lalumière, M. L., & Blanchard, R. (2000). The discriminative validity of a phallometric test for pedophilic interests among adolescent sex offenders against children. Psychological Assessment, 12(3), 319–327. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.12.3.319.

Seto, M. C., Murphy, W., Page, J., & Ennis, L. (2003). Detecting anomalous sexual interests in juvenile sex offenders. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 989, 118–130.

Shaffer, A., Huston, L., & Egeland, B. (2008). Identification of child maltreatment using prospective and self-report methodologies: A comparison of maltreatment incidence and relation to later psychopathology. Child Abuse and Neglect, 32(7), 682–692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.09.010.

Shaffer, A., Yates, T. M., & Egeland, B. R. (2009). The relation of emotional maltreatment to early adolescent competence: Developmental processes in a prospective study. Child Abuse & Neglect, 33(1), 36–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.12.005.

Sigre-Leirós, V., Carvalho, J., & Nobre, P. J. (2016). Early parenting styles and sexual offending behavior: A comparative study. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 46, 103–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2016.02.042.

Simons, D. A., Wurtele, S. K., & Durham, R. L. (2008). Developmental experiences of child sexual abusers and rapists. Child Abuse & Neglect, 32(5), 549–560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.03.027.

Smith, T. K., Duggan, A., Bair-Merritt, M. H., & Cox, G. (2012). Systematic review of fathers’ involvement in programmes for the primary prevention of child maltreatment. Child Abuse Review, 21(4), 237–254. https://doi.org/10.1002/car.2195.

Teicher, M. H., Samson, J. A., Polcari, A., & McGreenery, C. E. (2006). Sticks, stones, and hurtful words: Relative effects of various forms of childhood maltreatment. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163(6), 993–1000.

Thibodeau, M.-E., Lavoie, F., Hébert, M., & Blais, M. (2017). Pathways linking childhood maltreatment and adolescent sexual risk behaviors: The role of attachment security. Journal of Sex Research, 54(8), 994–1005. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2017.1316816.

van Wijk, A., van Horn, J., Bullens, R., Bijleveld, C., & Doreleijers, T. (2005). Juvenile sex offenders: A group on its own? International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 49(1), 25–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X04270788.

Verlaan, P., & Schwartzman, A. E. (2002). Mother’s and father’s parental adjustment: Links to externalising behaviour problems in sons and daughters. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 26(3), 214–224. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650250042000717.

Walton, M. T., Cantor, J. M., Bhullar, N., & Lykins, A. D. (2017). Hypersexuality: A critical review and introduction to the “sexbehavior cycle”. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 46, 2231–2251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-0991-8.

Widom, C. S., Raphael, K. G., & Dumont, K. A. (2004). The case for prospective longitudinal studies in child maltreatment research: Commentary on Dube, Williamson, Thompson, Felitti, and Anda (2004). Child Abuse and Neglect, 28(7), 715–722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2004.03.009.

Wright, M. O., Crawford, E., & Del Castillo, D. (2009). Childhood emotional maltreatment and later psychological distress among college students: The mediating role of maladaptive schemas. Child Abuse & Neglect, 33(1), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.12.007.

Yates, T. M., & Wekerle, C. (2009). The long-term consequences of childhood emotional maltreatment on development: (Mal)adaptation in adolescence and young adulthood. Child Abuse and Neglect, 33(1), 19–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.12.002.