Tunisian opposition politician Mohamed Brahmi was shot dead on Thursday in the second such assassination this year, setting off violent protests against the Islamist-led government in the capital and elsewhere.

“This criminal gang has killed the free voice of Brahmi,” his widow, Mbarka Brahmi, told Reuters, without specifying who she thought was behind the shooting outside their home in Tunis.

Mr Brahmi’s sister later accused the main Islamist Ennahda party of being behind the killing. “Ennahda killed my brother,” Souhiba Brahmi said. Ennahda has condemned the killing.

The politician’s wife said Mr Brahmi had left the house after receiving a telephone call. She heard shots and found his body lying on the ground outside as two men fled on a motorcycle.

Mr Brahmi belonged to the secular, Arab nationalist Popular Front party, whose then-leader, Chokri Belaid, was killed in a similar way on February 6th.

His death ignited the worst violence in Tunisia since President Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali fell in 2011.

Divisions between Islamists and their secular opponents have deepened since the popular uprising against Mr Ben Ali, which unleashed unrest across the Arab world, unseating rulers in Egypt, Libya and Yemen, and leading to a civil war in Syria.

Mr Brahmi (58), was a critic of the Ennahda-led ruling coalition and a member of the Constituent Assembly that has drafted a new constitution for the North African nation of 11 million.

The assassination drew swift international condemnation.

The US State Department called for a “transparent and professional” investigation, while French president Francois Hollande urged Tunisians to show “the necessary spirit of responsibility to preserve national unity and guarantee the pursuit of the democratic transition”.

UN human rights chief Navi Pillay called for the killers to be brought to account and said the government must do more to “deter these terrible acts” and protect people at risk.

Thousands of people protested outside the Interior Ministry in Tunis and a hospital in the Ariana district where Mr Brahmi’s body had been taken.

“Down with the rule of the Islamists,” they chanted, and demanded that the government resign.

Big crowds accompanied Mr Brahmi’s body when it was taken later for autopsy at another Tunis hospital. Despite the presence of hundreds of soldiers and police, protesters smashed cars and broke some windows of the hospital in Ariana, witnesses said.

In Tunis, riot police fired teargas in front of the interior ministry to try to disperse protesters, a Reuters witness said.

Similar demonstrations erupted in the southern town of Sidi Bouzid, the cradle of the Tunisian revolution, where protesters set fire to two local Ennahda party offices, witnesses said.

“Thousands have taken to the streets. People have blocked roads and set tyres alight,” said Mehdi Horchani, a resident of Sidi Bouzid. “People are very angry.”

Police fired teargas to disperse protesters who stormed a local government office in the Mediterranean port of Sfax, 270 km southeast of Tunis, witnesses said.

Tunisia’s biggest labour organisation, UGTT, called for a general strike on Friday to protest Brahmi’s killing. Its secretary-general, Hussein Abbasi, earlier predicted that the assassination would lead the country into a “bloodbath”.

All flights to and from Tunisia will be cancelled today after a general strike was called by the main labour organisation, the civil aviation office said.

“All flights to and from Tunisia will be cancelled tomorrow because the workers at the airport responded to the calling of the general strike”, a spokesman said.

Tunisia’s political transition since the revolt that toppled Ben Ali has been relatively peaceful, with the moderate Islamist Ennahda party sharing power with smaller secular parties.

But the government has struggled to revive a stuttering economy and has come under fire from secularists who accuse it of failing to curb the activities of Salafi Islamists.

The government blamed Belaid’s assassination, also carried out by assailants on a motorcycle, on an unidentified group of Salafi militants, saying six of them were still on the run.

The Egyptian army’s overthrow of Islamist president Mohamed Morsi on July 3rd following mass protests against him has further energised the anti-Islamist opposition in Tunisia.

A protest movement known as Tamarod, modelled on the Egyptian group of the same name that orchestrated the anti-Mursi demonstrations, has called for rallies to topple the government.

Prime minister Ali Larayedh condemned the assassination, but said, “We are against all the calls to dissolve the government and the Constituent Assembly to create a (power) vacuum.”

He also drew a link to the upheaval in Egypt, saying in a televised address that the assassins had aimed to use events there “to try to undermine our process and derail it, and take the country into the unknown, whether it is chaos, fighting or civil war or a return to despotism or a return to square one”.

Rached Ghannouchi, the Ennahda party leader, said the attack on Mr Brahmi was aimed at “halting Tunisia’s democratic process and killing the only successful model in the region, especially after the violence in Egypt, Syria and Libya”.

“Tunisia will not follow the Egyptian scenario,” he told Reuters. “We will hold on.”

After the killing of Mr Brahmi, who had applauded the Egyptian army’s removal of Mursi, the leader of his Popular Front called for non-violent action to oust the Tunisian government.

The assassination occurred on Tunisia’s Republic Day as the country prepares to vote in the next few weeks on the new constitution before a presidential election later in the year.

The turmoil dealt another blow to efforts to resuscitate Tunisia’s vital tourism industry. Cultural shows, including the Carthage Festival, were suspended following Mr Brahmi’s killing.

Secular president Moncef Marzouki appealed for calm and dialogue, but Tunisia looks set for further instability.

Despite recent progress on the constitution, Mr Brahmi’s killing is likely to reactivate the mass protests and strikes across multiple sectors that followed Belaid’s assassination, wrote Anna Boyd, senior Middle East analyst at IHS Country Risk.

Samir Gadio, at Standard Bank, said he expected political and economic conditions to deteriorate further in the next few months, saying Ennahda was losing popularity and might seek to delay adoption of the constitution and the holding of elections.

“While Tunisia’s army is not influential in the political process, unlike in Egypt, the risks of an institutional dislocation or even a military intervention are increasing,” he said.

Reuters