Labor rights advocates and progressive economists slammed the Trump administration after the Department of Labor announced Tuesday a final rule on overtime pay to replace a bolder Obama-era proposal blocked by a federal court in Texas.

"President Trump is literally taking money from the pockets of workers to please corporate interests."

—Amit Narang, Public Citizen

"While the administration may be trumpeting this rule as a good thing for workers, that is a ruse," said Heidi Shierholz, director of policy at the Economic Policy Institute (EPI). "In reality, the rule leaves behind millions of workers who would have received overtime protections under the much stronger rule, published in 2016, that Trump administration abandoned."

The Labor Department outlined in a statement Tuesday four key results of its final rule, which is set to take effect on Jan. 1, 2020:

raising the "standard salary level" from the currently enforced level of $455 to $684 per week (equivalent to $35,568 per year for a full-year worker);

raising the total annual compensation level for "highly compensated employees (HCE)" from the currently-enforced level of $100,000 to $107,432 per year;

allowing employers to use nondiscretionary bonuses and incentive payments (including commissions) that are paid at least annually to satisfy up to 10 percent of the standard salary level, in recognition of evolving pay practices; and

revising the special salary levels for workers in U.S. territories and in the motion picture industry.

The current standard salary threshold of $23,660 hasn't been updated since 2004. The Labor Department projected Tuesday that about 1.2 million more workers "will be entitled to minimum wage and overtime pay as a result of the increase to the standard salary level" and another 101,800 workers "will be entitled to overtime pay as a result of the increase to the HCE compensation level."

The federal government sets the minimum salary level but, as CNBC noted Tuesday, "several states including California and New York have salary thresholds for determining overtime eligibility that are higher than the federal standard."

However, EPI's Shierholz pointed out that millions more workers would have benefited from the blocked Obama-era rule, which would have raised the salary level to $47,476 and updated it every three years to account for increases in costs of living. Based on her analysis of the Trump administration's overtime pay proposal from March—which had a slightly lower salary threshold of $35,308 per year—Shierholz explained:

I estimate that roughly 8.2 million workers who would have benefited from the 2016 rule will be left behind by the Trump administration's rule. This 8.2 million is made up of 3.2 million workers who would have gotten new overtime protections under the 2016 rule and won't get them under the Trump rule, and 5.0 million who would have gotten strengthened overtime protections under the 2016 rule and won't get them under the Trump rule.

Additionally, unlike the 2016 rule, the Trump administration's version does not automatically update, meaning workers' annual losses will grow over time.

The new Trump administration overtime rule cheats workers out of $1.4 billion in the first year--and that amount will grow over time because the rule doesn't include indexing.https://t.co/xi983j8nh9 — Heidi Shierholz (@hshierholz) September 24, 2019

Shierholz was not alone in issuing a scathing critique of the final rule on Tuesday.

"This is a disaster for those 8 million workers, and further undermines worker power and protections, which ultimately hurts everyone," tweeted Roosevelt Institute fellow Michael Linden.

"With this rule, the Trump administration continues to undermine the economic security of working families, forgoing overtime protections for millions of workers who were covered by the Obama administration's rule," Tanya Goldman, a senior wage and hour policy adviser in the Obama administration who is now an attorney at the Center for Law and Social Policy, told Bloomberg Law. "The white-collar overtime salary level has become so out-of-date, that people are working long hours away from their families, without needed overtime pay, losing out on time and money."

"There's really no doubt any longer. DOL doesn't endeavor to serve the workers in this country; these days, it exists to do the bidding of corporate America."

—Christine Owens, NELP

Critics of the new rule were quick to accuse President Donald Trump and his administration of prioritizing the interests of corporations and executives over those of American workers.

Amit Narang, a regulatory policy advocate at the consumer advocacy group Public Citizen told the Wall Street Journal that "by weakening the overtime rule, President Trump is literally taking money from the pockets of workers to please corporate interests."

"No one should be fooled by the Labor Department's new overtime regulation," declared Christine Owens, executive director of the National Employment Law Project (NELP). "It is not a pro-worker regulation, but rather, another gift to corporate America—one that will allow it to continue to require far too many workers in this country to work in excess of 40 hours per week without any additional compensation for doing so."

"NELP has continually posed the question: who does the Labor Department really work for? Well, there's really no doubt any longer," she continued. "DOL doesn't endeavor to serve the workers in this country; these days, it exists to do the bidding of corporate America."

"We are confident that legal action will be pursued to challenge this regulation," Owens added. "We will not sit by while DOL refuses to be an ally of this nation's workforce."

BREAKING: The @USDOL’s wholly inadequate new #overtime rule allows far too many Americans to work more than 40 hours a week without any extra pay for doing so. https://t.co/xKeavtb2N7 — NELP (@NelpNews) September 24, 2019

EPI's Shierholz noted that "the administration did not need to undertake a new rulemaking—they could have defended the 2016 rule, and supported middle-class workers and their families."

"Instead, once again, President Trump has sided with the interests of corporate executives over those of working people," she charged.

The Labor Department's unveiling of the overtime pay rule came shortly before the Republican-controlled Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee advanced the nomination of corporate attorney Eugene Scalia, Trump's pick to serve as the next chief of the Labor Department, to a full vote by the upper chamber.

Scalia—the son of late U.S. Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia—is opposed by labor unions and some Democratic lawmakers. Sen. Patty Murray (D-Wash.), the HELP Committee's ranking member, said last week that "instead of nominating a Secretary of Labor, President Trump has nominated a Secretary of Corporate Interests."