Yet there were some striking omissions in the plan. There was no talk about health insurance beyond prescription drug prices. There was no discussion of trade policy beyond a placeholder sentence promising more details later; Mr. Schumer’s office said Democrats planned to roll out a detailed trade agenda in the fall. And party leaders did not embrace liberal concerns about the outsize economic role of the financial industry.

The focus, instead, was on a fairly small set of battle-tested ideas. And though Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont was not present on Monday, the imprint of his presidential campaign was unmistakably present. Democrats proposed to raise the federal minimum wage to $15 an hour — an idea the party’s 2016 nominee, Hillary Clinton, never heartily embraced.

The “Fight for $15” has energized parts of the Democratic base, and it has racked up impressive victories in states including New York and California and cities from Seattle to Washington. But raising the price of work could reduce demand for workers, and some economists see a particular danger in states like Alabama, where average wages are lower and employment has not recovered from the 2008 recession.

Seattle raised its minimum wage for many workers to $13 an hour last year, en route to $15 an hour for all workers by 2021. A pair of studies published last month reached opposite conclusions about the impact, fueling the debate. Economists at the University of Washington said the change had significantly reduced minimum-wage work. Economists at the University of California, Berkeley, found little impact on employment.

Democrats also proposed new tax credits for job training, an old idea that has been tried many times before.