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In my last article, I shared a list of obstacles to a successful relationship when there is psychopathy. The piece generated some interesting comments. One of the themes I found common among some readers was the following -

"Why would anyone need a list to know the downside of a relationship. They're a psychopath. No list is needed!"

I get their point.

It does seem unusual to think that someone would need a list to understand the disadvantages of trusting your heart to someone prone to callousness and manipulation.

But herein lies the problem.

Most who fell in love with someone with psychopathy had no idea they were connecting with a person who might cause them harm. I've yet to encounter a patient or friend who had an awareness that they were embarking on a psychopathic (or ) romance.

Therefore, offering a list that gives clues to typical behavior patterns is helpful to those who are or were victimized.

So how might one find themselves in a relationship of this type?

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1. Individuals with strong elements of this condition tend to move fast and intensely in the early stages of their relationships.

2. Most spouses and mates were unaware a disorder was present because many with psychopathy can hide the darkest components. It is not uncommon for a woman or man involved in such a relationship to report their mate was socially attractive and fun in the beginning.

3. Society's perception of 'what' psychopathy is, can easily cloud one's ability to recognize that they are intimately involved in one of these relationships. Many with psychopathy are nothing like what we might imagine (i.e., the socially awkward loner, disengaged from society, plotting to do harm, emitting darkness). In actuality, they often have attractive traits that we tend to think would exclude the presence of psychopathology.

4. Additionally, to understand psychopathy is to recognize that the condition is not only on a spectrum but that the symptoms include both dark (negative) and positive character elements.

Some with this condition are extremely talented and have admirable accomplishments (i.e., corporation owners, politicians, law enforcement professionals, entertainers). However, the intimate relationships of individuals with psychopathy often disintegrate due to problems associated with the functioning of their brain. Certain antisocial behavior patterns will be demonstrated involuntarily.

Their partners are often exposed to , , arrogance, dominance, manipulation, , and a lack of compassion or understanding.

5. Their true character is often only fully revealed after their target has bonded. For some, this can be a period of several months before these darker characteristics begin to dominate their interactions.

After Their Darker Traits Are Apparent - Can Their Mate Then Recognize that Symptoms of Psychopathy are Present?

I would lean toward the answer no.

Detecting in others can be complicated. It is, of course, easier for a specialist (Ph.D. | MD); but for the woman or man without a background of this magnitude, making sense of what they are experiencing and observing in their partner is challenging to say the least. Psychopathy expert Dr. Robert Hare disclosed that spotting a psychopath is tough at times, even for him.

It is much more important for an individual who finds themselves in this position to focus on how they are made to feel in the relationship, rather than labeling the symptom profile.

How Can Someone be Successful, yet Have a Disorder of the Mind/ Brain?

It is rare that a person would view someone who is confident, charming, entertaining, 'speaks her mind', and financially successful as disordered. But this is precisely the case for many with psychopathy.

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Intact (i.e., thinking) does not necessarily mean emotional and psychological functioning will be intact as well. Therefore, a person can be accomplished, with indicators of high , yet, demonstrate symptoms of psychopathy.

How?

This is because brain regions that manage cognition are often different from the areas that regulate and generate emotions and personality.

Although psychopathy is not a disorder associated with thought, we often find that there are thought patterns and beliefs that reflect their brain's faulty access to intact emotional regions.

For example, it is not uncommon to hear viewpoints laced with

hate

anger

the desire to oppress others

agreement with the antisocial acts/ thoughts of others

Filtering information through the lens of winner vs. loser or powerful vs. weak

insensitivity

An inability to relate to the reasoning of someone who relied on both emotional and cognitive processing to arrive at a decision.

Conclusion

Some with psychopathy have areas of significant success in their lives. Therefore, a new potential partner would reasonably not assume that someone with such status could have a condition that impairs their ability to bond or think without input from the brain's emotional system.

After these relationships, lovers and spouses learn that the presence of , charm, quick , and lack of does not automatically mean there is no potential for a serious personality problem.

Is a with an individual with strong psychopathic traits such a bad thing? I cannot answer that question with an absolute yes or no. However, we suspect that people who are trusting, , sensitive, and tend to fair worse in these connections and are often traumatized by the experience.

Through the relationship, some partners are exposed to abuse and disrespect (either tolerated or not tolerated by their partner). While other individuals are severely harmed and unable to move past the relationship (e.g., murdered spouses).

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Organizations are attempting to raise awareness regarding the impact of psychopathy. Unlike other conditions of the mind, this particular disorder is unique as psychopathy has the potential to pose a risk to their mates, children, colleagues, and society as a whole.

For more information regarding psychopathy and survivors of intimate relationships, visit my website, NeuroInstincts.

Rhonda Freeman, PhD | Clinical Neuropsychologist

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References

Blair, R.J, (2010). Psychopathy, Frustration, and Reactive Aggression: The Role of Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex, British Journal of Psychology, 101, 383 -399

Kiel, K. (2006). A Cognitive Perspective on Psychopathy: Evidence for Paralimbic System Dysfunction. Research 142 (2006) 107 – 128

Yang Y, Raine A, Joshi AA, Joshi S, Chang YT, Schug RA, Wheland D, Leahy R, Narr KL. (2012). Frontal information flow and connectivity in psychopathy. British Journal of Psychiatry. Nov;201(5):408-9.