Turkish lawmakers on Friday approved new restrictions on freedom of speech and assembly. The bill allows police to open live fire on protesters carrying “injurious” weapons and to detain Turks without a prosecutor’s order for up to 48 hours if they are suspected of violent crimes related to a protest. But its real effect will be to add to the growing list of outlawed forms of dissent in a country that still advertises itself as a democracy.

Masked protesters will now face five years in prison if found guilty of “spreading...