Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption Shell boss says North Sea 'challenging'

Royal Dutch Shell chief executive Ben van Beurden has told the BBC a recovery in the price of oil is hard to foresee.

"It is a very, very volatile business in terms of supply and demand. The oil price responds to very small mismatches between supply and demand," he told BBC Radio 4's Today programme.

The price of oil has roughly halved in the past year, to around $50 (£32) per barrel.

Goldman Sachs predicted earlier this month it could fall as low as $20.

When asked where oil prices may go next, he told the BBC: "The honest answer to that is I don't know."

Analysis: Kamal Ahmed, business editor

As it moves, gingerly, through the first stages of exploration 70 miles off the Alaskan coast, Royal Dutch Shell has revealed its commitment to drilling in the Arctic.

And how long it will be before any oil or gas actually comes out of the ground - if at all.

Despite environmental concerns and the low oil price, Ben van Beurden, Shell's chief executive, told me that as the world's energy demands increased, the hunt for new resources was as important as ever.

The Arctic, he points out, has long been a source of oil and gas production. Environmental safety would be the priority, he insisted.

Read Kamal's blog in full

US shale

The halving of the oil price is "on the back of just a few percent of oversupply, and it shows how inelastic the whole system is, and simply because oil is so cheap - its not as if demand is going to respond," he said.

He added that oil becoming cheaper would not tempt consumers to use more of it, as can happen with other products.

"People don't drive to work twice because it's more economical to do so" than it was before, he explained.

Demand for energy, North American shale oil production, Opec policy and industry costs would help inform where oil will go in the future, he said.

Opec producers, particularly Saudi Arabia, have maintained high levels of production in an attempt to curb US shale output, which is uneconomical at lower prices.

The organisation is managing through low oil prices by keeping its debts low. The organisation's debts are about 12% of total capital, he added.

Image copyright AP

Solar backbone

Shell said in June it was cutting 6,500 jobs as part of cost-cutting plans following the oil price slump.

When asked how renewable energy could affect his business, Mr van Beurden said solar power could emerge as a much bigger contributor to world energy needs.

"I have no hesitation to predict that in years to come solar will be the dominant backbone of our energy system, certainly of the electricity system."

However, during that period, the demand for energy will double, he said, leading to a "multi-decade transition," from fossil fuels being the dominant supply for energy, he says.

He also said his reaction to any exit from the EU by the UK would be "one of disappointment" as the firm has a heritage in Britain.