World War One Diary for Tuesday, June 5, 1917:

Air War

Britain: 22 Gotha bombers (1 lost) attack Sheerness and Shoeburyness (47 casualties). Only 5 out of 68 British fighters get within range, although 10 RNAS Dunkirk fighters attack formation on its way home after German fighters meet it.

Sea War

Germany: The ‘Leader of U-boats’ Commander Bauer relieved of command. Bauer has advocated mass ‘wolf-pack’ tactics, ie using cargo submarine Deutschland as radio and fuel vessel for U-boat flotilla; U-66 is used (June 5-10) to try radio-location equipment but U­-boats only work in pairs radioing convoy reports. Captain Andreas Michelsen replaces Bauer.

North Sea: Harwich Force (8 cruisers and 17 destroyers) covers Dover Patrol bombard­ment of Ostend by 2 monitors (20 of 115 shells land in or near dockyard damaging several craft), sinks German destroyer S-20 (9 survivors) and damages another. UC-70 also sunk, but raised to sink more ships. Royal Navy Air service bomb Ostend and Zeebrugge.

Home Fronts

USA: Draft Registration Day for nearly 10 million men aged 21-31; 56,830 exemptions recognized including Quakers; 3,000 ‘slackers’ fled to Mexico.

Eastern Front

Russia: Brusilov farewell to Southwest Front (200,000 men short) ‘I carry luck everywhere with me … now

I will lead all the armies of Russia to victory’.

Rumania: General Eben in command of German Ninth Army (until June 18, 1918) replacing Falkenhayn.