While the feature enhancements of new OS updates generally take up more of your available storage, Apple's latest iOS 10.3 update has freed up gigabytes of available storage for many users making the upgrade. It reclaimed as much as 7.81 GB in our testing.

After upgrading a top of the line, 256GB iPhone 7 Plus (packed with over 40,000 photos and almost 200 apps) from iOS 10.2.1 to 10.3, the phone reported a jump in available space from 75.45 GB to 83.26 GB, an increase of 7.81 GB.

Curiously, the device also reported an increase in capacity, which jumped from 248.5 GB to 252.14 GB, a difference of 3.64 GB.

Capacity isn't just a measure of the hardware memory bits on the chips the device uses for storage; the OS also subtracts away some "capacity" allocated to the EFI partition map and other low-level storage overhead. The larger the storage of your device, the more free space iOS 10.3 appears able to reclaim.

APFS

It appears that the conversion to the new Apple File System (APFS) included in iOS 10.3 is more efficient in how it formats volume storage. APFS was designed specifically to take advantage of modern "solid state" storage technology (as opposed to the spinning magnetic disk hard drives of the era when Apple's previous HFS+ file system was developed). It also allows for much larger storage devices in the future, via its support for 64-bit file system structures.

Among the features of the new file system (which organizes how data is written, on a low level) is a new volume partitioning scheme that allows for flexible expansion. This appears to also result in a capacity increase, consuming less storage as part of the volume partition and file system structure. The iOS 10.3 update appears to take a bit longer than usual, in part due to the in-place update to APFS it includes. Depending on the device involved, the update may require 30-50 minutes.

Above the low-level partition map, APFS also includes support for new storage-saving features. One example is "clones," which let the file system create an identical copy of a file without taking up additional space, by referencing the same storage structure as representing multiple files in different locations.

It's possible that iOS and third-party apps will increasingly take further advantage of APFS features to save even more space in the future, optimizing their storage practices to match the capabilities of the underlying file system.

In addition to enhancements related to the new APFS, iOS 10.3 may also be optimizing higher level features of data storage, such as flushing cached data (used in streaming, for example) and dumping other unnecessary files. As with previous iOS versions, users can also optimize their storage by uploading full quality photos to iCloud and keeping mobile optimized versions on their phone.