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Korchynsky, a former leader of an ultra-nationalist party and a devout Orthodox Christian, wants to create a Christian “Taliban” to reclaim eastern Ukraine as well as Crimea, which was annexed by Russia in 2014. He isn’t going to give up his quest lightly.

“I would like Ukraine to lead the crusades,” said Korchynsky, whose battalion’s name is Saint Mary. “Our mission is not only to kick out the occupiers, but also revenge. Moscow must burn.”

Such talk and recent violent incidents involving members of unofficial armed groups have raised government concerns about radicals running out of control.

President Petro Poroshenko now says that all “illegal groups” must disarm because they threaten to make the country even more unstable than it already is.

“No political force should have, and will not have, any kind of armed cells. No political organization has the right to establish … criminal groups,” Poroshenko said on July 13.

The president said he might legislate for emergency powers to deal with armed groups and that anyone armed who was not a member of the law enforcement agencies “will be classed as a terrorist.”

But interviews with members of volunteer battalions and Ukraine officials suggest it will not be easy for Poroshenko to impose his will. Some battalion leaders, while ostensibly under the control of the government, are increasingly critical of Ukraine’s political leaders. They want to press them to sack judges seen as favoring the rich and powerful, to oust oligarchs who control much of the economy and to prosecute the riot police accused of killing more than 100 people during protests early last year.