A replacement for George W. Bush's much-disliked No Child Left Behind Act passed through the Senate today and will be signed into law tomorrow by President Obama.

Charles Dharapak / ASSOCIATED PRESS

The new law would change a lot about No Child Left Behind, especially when it comes to tests. The new law gets rid of many of No Child Left Behind's most controversial provisions — most notably the rules for how much schools must improve their test scores each year, and the cascading series of punishments for those who fail to make "adequate yearly progress" on tests.

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States will still be required test their students every year. Kids will have to take tests in third through eighth grade, and once in high school.

But it would be up to states, not the federal government, to decide what happens with those test scores. States will now get to design their own systems to measure how schools perform and intervene with schools that do poorly.

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The new law also requires states to consider things other than test scores. In evaluating schools, states can choose to look at any number of different factors besides test scores — whether schools provide access to advanced classes, for example, or how engaged teachers are.

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This means that tests will probably carry a lot less weight in many states than they do now. Under No Child Left Behind, schools that didn't improve their test scores for three years in a row could be shut down.

Ted Warren / AP

States will no longer have to use test scores to grade teachers. The Obama administration agreed to waive some of the biggest burdens that No Child Left Behind put on states — but with strings attached. In order to receive the waivers, states had to include test scores in how teachers are evaluated. The new law will mean the federal government no longer has the power to do that.