The increasing penetration of renewable energy generation in the electric energy market is currently posing new critical issues, related to the generation prediction and scheduling, due to the mismatch between power production and utilization. In order to cope with these issues, the implementation of new large scale storage units on the electric network is foreseen as a key mitigation strategy.

The Power to gas technology is one promising option in the context of these multi-dimensional challenges because Power to gas enables a combined temporal and spatial balancing solution for a time when renewable energy will supply the major part of the electrical demand. The storage concept links power and gas networks by the conversion of power into gas by two major steps: hydrogen (H2) production by water electrolysis and the following conversion of H2 and carbon dioxide (CO2) into methane (CH4) in the Sabatier reaction. In this way, renewable electricity can be stored in the natural gas infrastructure, accessing the large transport capacities of the natural gas network and gas storage sites that offer the largest storage capacities for energy in Germany.

Power to Gas is a technology designed to integrate renewable electricity in different gas applications. Power-to-Gas refers to the conversion of electricity to hydrogen or, in an additional process step, to methane. The regenerative gas generated can be used as a substitute for natural gas or other fossil energy carriers in a diverse range of applications (e.g. in the industry, mobility and heating sectors and also for electricity generation). This technology represents the link between the electricity and gas market.

In future energy systems with high shares of fluctuating renewable energy generation, electricity storage will become increasingly important for the utilization of surplus energy. The Power to gas energy storage technology is one promising option for solving the challenge of long-term electricity storage and is theoretically able to ease situations of grid congestion at the same time. This article presents the perspectives of Power to gas in an 85% renewable energy scenario for Germany, quantifying an economic optimum for the Power to gas capacity as well as an optimized spatial Power to gas deployment. Crystal TCS supply Power to Gas Energy Storage Systems.

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