MADISON - Warning of the risk of hacking, Wisconsin election officials voted Thursday to publicly scold six communities if they do not quickly upgrade outdated computer systems.

The state Elections Commission last year made more than $1 million available to clerks to update their computers, but not all of them took advantage of the funds. The commission has identified 10 computers in six communities that aren’t up to date, making them more susceptible to cyberattacks.

The commissioners have declined to name those communities, but with their 5-0 vote Thursday that could change.

The commissioners said they would tell the communities to upgrade their systems or be publicly outed. The commission will make federal funds available to them to help pay for the upgrades, which are expected to cost a few thousand dollars.

The six communities haven't been able to access the state's WisVote elections system because the commission last month barred noncompliant devices from being able to log into it. But election officials found clerks in some cases are using outdated computers for other work.

“It’s our job to make sure they’re using secure computers,” said Dean Knudson, the chairman of the commission.

The commission has been overhauling its security operations since 2016, when Russian hackers scanned computer systems in Wisconsin and other states in what intelligence officials say was part of an effort to interfere with that year's presidential election.

Unlike other states, Wisconsin runs its elections at the municipal level. That creates challenges for the state commission, which doesn't have direct authority over Wisconsin's nearly 2,000 clerks. The computer equipment the clerks use varies widely from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.

With no ability to force local officials to upgrade their systems, the commissioners are seeking ways to put pressure on them to take action. Making their vulnerabilities public is one way to do that.

The commissioners said there may be other out-of-date computers local officials are using that the commission is unaware of. In some cases, local officials do not recognize the scope of the risks they face with outmoded computers, staff to the commission said.

"I think we need to let them know we're going to go public soon," said Commissioner Mark Thomsen, who led the effort to compel local governments to act. "Voters have a right to know who's not doing it."

He said too often government officials want to keep quiet about their vulnerabilities. He contended bad actors are likely already aware of weaknesses and remaining mum about them only prevents governments from acting.

"We're not helping the Russians by identifying them," he said of communities that haven't upgraded their computers.

The commissioners want the new computers installed before April 7, when the state holds its presidential primary and elections for state Supreme Court, Milwaukee mayor, Milwaukee County executive and other local offices.

The commission last year offered clerks more than $1,200 each to upgrade their computer systems. The commission made $1.1 million in federal funds available, and 862 communities applied for $823,000 of it.

Contact Patrick Marley at patrick.marley@jrn.com. Follow him on Twitter at @patrickdmarley.