Silicon Valley takes on the flying car

The Kitty Hawk Flyer is one of several “flying car” prototypes being designed by Kitty Hawk, a startup in Mountain View. The Kitty Hawk Flyer is one of several “flying car” prototypes being designed by Kitty Hawk, a startup in Mountain View. Photo: KITTY HAWK, NYT Photo: KITTY HAWK, NYT Image 1 of / 1 Caption Close Silicon Valley takes on the flying car 1 / 1 Back to Gallery

On a recent afternoon, an aerospace engineer working for a small Mountain View company called Kitty Hawk piloted a flying car above Clear Lake in Lake County.

Kitty Hawk’s flying car, if you insisted on calling it a “car,” looked like something Luke Skywalker would have built out of spare parts. It was an open-seated, 220-pound contraption with room for one person, driven by eight battery-powered propellers that howled as loudly as a speedboat.

The tech industry is fond of disrupting things, and lately automakers have been a big target. Cars that use artificial intelligence to drive themselves, for example, have been in development for a few years and can be spotted on roads in a number of cities. And now, coming onto the radar screen, are flying machines that do not exactly look like your parents’ Buick with wings.

More than a dozen startups backed by deep-pocketed industry figures like Larry Page, a Google founder — along with big aerospace firms like Airbus, Uber and even the government of Dubai — are taking on the dream of the flying car.

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The approaches by the companies vary, and the realization of their competing visions seems far in the future, but they have one thing in common: a belief that one day regular people should be able to fly their own vehicles around town.

There are challenges, with both the technology and government regulations. Perhaps the biggest hurdle will be convincing the public that the whole idea isn’t crazy.

“I love the idea of being able to go out into my backyard and hop into my flying car,” said Brad Templeton, a Silicon Valley entrepreneur who has served as a consultant on Google’s self-driving project. “I hate the idea of my next-door neighbor having one.”

Kitty Hawk, the company backed by Page, is trying to be one of the first out of the gate and plans to start selling its vehicle by the end of the year.

The company has attracted intense interest because of Page and its chief executive, Sebastian Thrun, an influential technologist and self-driving-car pioneer who is the founding director of Google’s X lab.

Page declined a request for an interview but said in a statement: “We’ve all had dreams of flying effortlessly. I’m excited that one day very soon I’ll be able to climb onto my Kitty Hawk Flyer for a quick and easy personal flight.”

During his recent test flight, Cameron Robertson, the aerospace engineer, used two joysticklike controls to swing the vehicle back and forth above Clear Lake. The flight, just 15 feet above the water, circled over the lake about 20 or 30 yards from shore, and after about five minutes Robertson steered back to a floating landing pad at the end of a dock.

The Kitty Hawk Flyer is one of several prototypes the startup is designing. The company hopes to create an audience of enthusiasts and hobbyists, who can now pay $100 to sign up for a $2,000 discount on the retail price of a Flyer to “gain exclusive access to Kitty Hawk experiences and demonstrations where a select few will get the chance to ride the Flyer.”

It is an unusual offer, since the company has not yet set a price for the vehicle, and Thrun’s and Page’s involvement can be taken as evidence that the company is aiming far beyond hobbyists. Still, Kitty Hawk is clearly targeting a new kind of transportation — flight that can be performed safely by most people and hopefully with government approval.

“We have been in contact with the FAA, and we see the regulators as friends,” Thrun said in an interview. He agreed that concerns about vehicles flying over our heads were legitimate. “I believe that all of us have to work together to understand how new technologies will shape the future of society.”

Two years ago, Thrun recruited two other pioneers, Robertson and Todd Reichert, who were aerospace engineers from AeroVelo, a University of Toronto spin-off company that won a coveted prize for a human-powered helicopter and set the land speed record for a bicycle last year.

They are flying under a special Federal Aviation Administration category for ultralight aircraft that does not require a pilot’s license and is intended for recreational flying in uncongested areas. To add an extra margin of safety, the Kitty Hawk engineers are sticking to flying over open water. The company said the final commercial product will look different and be far quieter than the test model.

For these vehicles to become a reality, the United States would need a whole new air traffic control system.

In 2015, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration began developing an air traffic control system meant for managing all sorts of vehicles. One NASA developer described it as an air traffic control system “for a sky dark with drones.” Researchers hope testing can begin by 2019.

Batteries are also an issue. While electric propeller-driven motors seem promising, today’s battery technology cannot support flights of a reasonable distance, say a 30- or 50-mile commute.

“How is this going to work? I don’t want to be a Debbie Downer, but we can’t even take our cell phones on airplanes today because of fears about battery fires,” said Missy Cummings, the director of the Humans and Autonomy Laboratory at Duke University, who is researching personal air transport for NASA.

John Markoff is a New York Times writer.