Washington: A surprise New Year’s Day tweet by President Donald Trump in which he appeared to decree an end to US aid for Pakistan, sent US officials scrambling to suspend security assistance without even knowing how much aid they were freezing, four US officials said.

The decision to freeze up to about $2 billion in security aid, according to a later estimate by US officials, to a nuclear-armed ally is the latest example of how, nearly a year into Trump’s presidency, US officials sometimes have to scurry to turn his tweets into policy.

The Trump administration had been weighing an aid freeze for months, including in a meeting of top national security advisers before Christmas. Washington has for years demanded that Islamabad stop providing sanctuary and other support for the Afghan Taliban and the allied Haqqani network.

At the time of Trump’s tweet, a US assessment of Pakistani compliance with those demands was still under way. A cohesive US policy—including preparations for possible Pakistani reaction—was not expected to be completed until March or April, three US officials interviewed said.

“None of the elements of a coherent policy was in place, or even close at hand, when the president, in effect, made a policy announcement," said one US official, who like others spoke on condition of anonymity. “Despite a mad scramble to backfill a tweet, we still don’t have ... an effective policy in place."

Michael Anton, a spokesman for the National Security Council, did not address whether the tweet had sped up the policy process, saying Trump had made clear his intent to take a new, tougher stance toward Pakistan as part of the Afghanistan war strategy he unveiled in August. “This action is being taken after months of careful interagency review. Any suggestion to the contrary is false," he said.

The State Department declined to comment.

Trump was at his Mar-a-Lago resort in Florida when he posted his tweet at 7.12am ET on 1 January, after hosting a lavish New Year’s Eve party. Until then he had kept a relatively low public profile while he mostly golfed.

The United States, he tweeted, had “foolishly" given Pakistan more than $33 billion in aid and “they have given us nothing but lies and deceit, thinking our leaders as fools. They give safe haven to the terrorists we hunt in Afghanistan, with little help. No more!"

It is not clear what prompted Trump to issue the tweet, which infuriated Pakistani officials. Pakistan’s National Security Committee of senior civilian and military chiefs denounced it as “completely incomprehensible." US Ambassador David Hale was summoned to the foreign ministry for an explanation.

Caught by surprise on their New Year’s Day holiday, a small group of White House aides and other top officials scrambled to make good on the president’s unexpected statement, said a senior US official who was part of the consultations.

There was no time to issue a formal White House policy directive outlining the amount of frozen funds, four officials said.

When the administration confirmed that it was suspending security aid to Pakistan four days after Trump’s tweet, the State Department was still not able to quantify how much aid was at stake, underscoring how far US officials had been from implementing any policy before the president’s statement.

US officials later said the decision could affect about $1 billion in planned security assistance and $900 million to reimburse Pakistan for counter-terrorism operations.

Another sign of the haste was the failure to give Pakistan the usual diplomatic courtesy of a warning before the president’s tweet, US officials said. Perhaps most seriously, they said, there was no time to prepare for possible retaliation.

Tweet in search of strategy

The Pentagon and State Department were especially concerned that the Pakistani army, which effectively runs foreign policy, might close the air and land corridors on which US-led troops and Afghan forces in landlocked Afghanistan depend for supplies, the officials said. So far, Pakistan has not done so.

At the time the decision was made, there was no agreement with neighbouring countries for alternative routes, five US officials said.

“It appeared to be a tweet in search of a strategy," said Dan Feldman, a former US special representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan. “There seemed to be a flurry of inter-agency activity after that tweet to arrive at some sort of policy to frame it ... to prove it wasn’t just an impulsive tweet."

It was not the first time that US officials have been caught off guard by Trump’s fondness for formulating policy by tweet.

Last year, Trump tweeted that the US government would not accept transgender people to serve in the military, catching the Pentagon leadership by surprise. His statement eventually had to be walked back. Reuters

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