Italy's 60 million people will only be able to travel for work, medical reasons or emergencies until April 3

The whole of Italy will be placed under lockdown until next month, Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte announced on March 9, in an unprecedented and unexpected new attempt to beat COVID-19 in Europe's worst-affected country.

Conte told reporters that measures introduced just two days ago in much of the north were no longer sufficient after a jump in deaths tied to the highly infectious disease, and said the entire nation had to make sacrifices to stop its spread.

Also read: WHO praises Italy’s ‘genuine sacrifices’ to slow virus

“The right decision today is to stay at home. Our future and the future of Italy is in our hands. These hands have to be more responsible today than ever before,” Conte said, adding that the norms would come into force on Tuesday.

Italy's 60 million people will only be able to travel for work, medical reasons or emergencies until April 3. All schools and universities, which were closed nationwide last week until March 15, will now not reopen before next month.

The contagion only came to light near Italy's financial capital Milan on Feb. 21. Since then there have been some 9,172 confirmed cases and 463 deaths, putting the national health system under massive strain.

Conte said all outdoor public gatherings would be forbidden and announced that all sports events, including top flight Serie A soccer matches, would be suspended, throwing the closely watched championship into disarray.

“We don't have any time. The numbers are showing that there has been a significant growth in infections, people in intensive care and deaths,” he said in a sombre address. “Our habits have to change right now. We must give things up for Italy.”

Struggling to contain the outbreak, Italy imposed strict controls on travel from the northern region of Lombardy and parts of neighbouring Veneto, Piedmont and Emilia-Romagna on Sunday. Those restrictions were now being extended so the same rules would govern the whole country, Conte said.

The government has already ordered cinemas, theatres and museums to close and told shops and restaurants to ensure that patrons remained at least a metre (yard) apart.

All restaurants and bars will now have to close at 6 p.m. and all Alpine ski resorts must shut. However, public transport would remain operational throughout Italy.

Jail Riot

The curbs announced at the weekend had already taken their toll on Milan, with its streets much quieter than normal on Monday and many smaller shops and cafes closed. Even among those left open, most remained empty.

The most dramatic knock-on effect from the coronavirus crisis was seen in Italy's overcrowded prisons where inmates rioted in jails across the country after visiting rights were cut to fight the virus. Seven inmates died in the chaos, which started at the weekend, the justice ministry said.

With the country already on the brink of recession, the government's steps have come at a huge cost for the eurozone's third-largest economy, which also has the bloc's second-biggest debt pile after Greece.

The Milan bourse, which was down some 17% since the outbreak in northern Italy, lost a further 11% on Monday, underperforming its regional peers.

News that the lockdown would be extended to the whole nation was made after markets had closed and could trigger fresh selling, raising the spectre of past crises, with Italy's cost of borrowing already significantly higher than a week ago.

Government bond yields rose sharply on Monday, pushing the gap between Italy and benchmark German 10-year bond yields above 200 basis points for the first time since August 2019.

The government has already promised 7.5 billion euros ($8.57 billion) to alleviate the economic impact of the crisis, but Conte indicated that more money would be needed.

A government source said the Treasury was considering lifting the budget deficit to 2.8% of national output this year. It only announced last week that it planned to hike the deficit to 2.5% from a previous goal of 2.2%.