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Do you know interesting consequences of (standard) conjectures in complexity theory in other fields of mathematics (i.e. outside of theoretical computer science)?

I would prefer answers where:

the complexity theory conjecture is as general and standard as possible; I am ok with consequences of the hardness of specific problems too, but it would be nice if the problems are widely believed to be hard (or at least have been studied in more than a couple of papers)

the implication is a statement that is not known to be true unconditionally, or other known proofs are considerably more difficult

the more surprising the connection the better; in particular, the implication should not be a statement explicitly about algorithms

"If pigs could fly, horses would sing" type of connections are ok, too, as long as the flying pigs come from complexity theory, and the singing horses from some field of math outside of computer science.

This question is in some sense "the converse" of a question we had about surprising uses of mathematics in computer science. Dick Lipton had a blog post exactly along these lines: he writes about consequences of the conjecture that factoring has large circuit complexity. The consequences are that certain diophantine equations have no solutions, a kind of statement that can very hard to prove unconditionally. The post is based on work with Dan Boneh, but I cannot locate a paper.

EDIT: As Josh Grochow notes in the comments, his question about applications of TCS to classical math is closely related. My question is, on one hand, more permissive, because I do not insist on the "classical math" restriction. I think the more important difference is that I insist on a proven implication from a complexity conjecture to a statement in a field of math outside TCS. Most of the answers to Josh's question are not of this type, but instead give techniques and concepts useful in classical math that were developed or inspired by TCS. Nevertheless, at least one answer to Josh's question is a perfect answer to my question: Michael Freedman's paper which is motivated by a question identical to mine, and proves a theorem in knot theory, conditional on $\mathsf{P}^{\#P}

e \mathsf{NP}$. He argues the theorem seems out of reach of current techniques in knot theory. By Toda's theorem, if $\mathsf{P}^{\#P} = \mathsf{NP}$ then the polynomial hierarchy collapses, so the assumption is quite plausible. I am interested in other similar results.