Why Is Biological Diversity Important?

Biodiversity maintains the stability of the planet. The complex web of flora and fauna provides raw materials used for consumption and production. It supplies Earth with oxygen, clean air and water, pollination, pest control, and wastewater management. The “services” provided by biodiversity fit into four broad categories: provisioning services (production of food, fiber, and water), regulating services (control of climate and diseases), supporting services (nutrient cycling and pollination), and cultural services (spiritual and recreational platforms).

How Many Species Are Protected by the Endangered Species Act?

Since the law’s creation in 1973, more than 1,600 species have been protected. It has been incredibly effective, helping 99% of species protected by the law to avoid extinction. This is done through comprehensive plans including habitat protection and rehabilitation, prohibition of practices like hunting and selling, breeding and care at specialized facilities, and community education. However, as of Aug. 12, 2019, the ESA has been threatened with some drastic changes that will put many species at risk, such as giraffes, monarch butterflies, and polar bears.

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