We do not know for what occasion this austere cantata was intended.

Was this piece composed for the third day of Easter or for the Purification? The music has survived only in copies, which refer to both occasions. The fact that the words are about Simeon argues in favour of the Purification, which celebrates the presentation of Jesus in the temple. According to the Gospel of Luke, the devout Simeon held the new-born baby Jesus in his arms, thus fulfilling the prophecy and allowing Simeon to die in peace. Arguing in favour of Easter, however, is the final chorale, which is a real Easter hymn. So the score stands at 1-1.

It is also possible that it concerns parts from various cantatas, put together at a later date by Bach or somebody else, for an unknown occasion. Four singers are needed for the final chorale, but only a bass and a soprano for the rest of the score. The cantata is extremely short and has an austere setting. All the movements revolve around the contrast between heavenly peace and earthly unrest. Heaven beckons, as the earth is filled with wars, fighting and vanity.