MOSCOW — Two months after a failed summit meeting with President Trump, North Korea’s leader, Kim Jong-un, met on Thursday with President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia, as Mr. Kim tries to rally international support for an approach to sanctions relief and gradual nuclear disarmament that the Trump administration opposes.

North Korea wanted security guarantees from nations other than the United States before it abandons its nuclear arsenal, along with assurances that “its sovereignty will be preserved,” Mr. Putin said after the meeting.

Mr. Kim’s visit to the Pacific port city of Vladivostok, Russia, was his first trip abroad since February, when he and Mr. Trump met with much fanfare in Vietnam, only to see negotiations end abruptly, amid mutual recriminations, without any progress toward an agreement.

“The whole world’s attention is focused on the issue on the Korean Peninsula,” Mr. Kim told Mr. Putin as he called for “meaningful dialogue today” on the issue. Afterward, Mr. Putin said the United States and Russia had a common interest in preventing nuclear proliferation, in North Korea and elsewhere.