ANTALYA, Turkey—The European Union won’t change its strategy for dealing with refugees arriving from the Middle East and elsewhere in the aftermath of the Paris terror attacks, two of the bloc’s key leaders said Sunday.

German Chancellor Angela Merkel and European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker have been spearheading the EU’s response to the hundreds of thousands of refugees and migrants that are arriving at the bloc’s shores. In addition to a planned deal with Turkey to help fortify the EU’s sea border with Greece,...