Operating Systems can be detected using Ping Command, Ping is a computer network administration software utility, which used to find the Availability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network.

Ping operates by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo Request packets to the target host and waiting for an ICMP Echo Reply.

TTL is simply meant, how long a resolver is supposed to cache the DNS query before the query expires and a new one needs to be done.

These TTL values differ between the Operating system. Here you find TTL value for Range of servers. Reference subinsb.

Device / OS Version Protocol TTL AIX TCP 60 AIX UDP 30 AIX 3.2, 4.1 ICMP 255 BSDI BSD/OS 3.1 and 4.0 ICMP 255 Compa Tru64 v5.0 ICMP 64 Cisco ICMP 254 DEC Pathworks V5 TCP and UDP 30 Foundry ICMP 64 FreeBSD 2.1R TCP and UDP 64 FreeBSD 3.4, 4.0 ICMP 255 FreeBSD 5 ICMP 64 HP-UX 9.0x TCP and UDP 30 HP-UX 10.01 TCP and UDP 64 HP-UX 10.2 ICMP 255 HP-UX 11 ICMP 255 HP-UX 11 TCP 64 Irix 5.3 TCP and UDP 60 Irix 6.x TCP and UDP 60 Irix 6.5.3, 6.5.8 ICMP 255 juniper ICMP 64 MPE/IX (HP) ICMP 200 Linux 2.0.x kernel ICMP 64 Linux 2.2.14 kernel ICMP 255 Linux 2.4 kernel ICMP 255 Linux Red Hat 9 ICMP and TCP 64 MacOS/MacTCP 2.0.x TCP and UDP 60 MacOS/MacTCP X (10.5.6) ICMP/TCP/UDP 64 NetBSD ICMP 255 Netgear FVG318 ICMP and UDP 64 OpenBSD 2.6 & 2.7 ICMP 255 OpenVMS 07.01.2002 ICMP 255 OS/2 TCP/IP 3.0 64 OSF/1 V3.2A TCP 60 OSF/1 V3.2A UDP 30 Solaris 2.5.1, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8 ICMP 255 Solaris 2.8 TCP 64 Stratus TCP_OS ICMP 255 Stratus TCP_OS (14.2-) TCP and UDP 30 Stratus TCP_OS (14.3+) TCP and UDP 64 Stratus STCP ICMP/TCP/UDP 60 SunOS 4.1.3/4.1.4 TCP and UDP 60 SunOS 5.7 ICMP and TCP 255 Ultrix V4.1/V4.2A TCP 60 Ultrix V4.1/V4.2A UDP 30 Ultrix V4.2 – 4.5 ICMP 255 VMS/Multinet TCP and UDP 64 VMS/TCPware TCP 60 VMS/TCPware UDP 64 VMS/Wollongong 1.1.1.1 TCP 128 VMS/Wollongong 1.1.1.1 UDP 30 VMS/UCX TCP and UDP 128 Windows for Workgroups TCP and UDP 32 Windows 95 TCP and UDP 32 Windows 98 ICMP 32 Windows 98, 98 SE ICMP 128 Windows 98 TCP 128 Windows NT 3.51 TCP and UDP 32 Windows NT 4.0 TCP and UDP 128 Windows NT 4.0 SP5- 32 Windows NT 4.0 SP6+ 128 Windows NT 4 WRKS SP 3, SP 6a ICMP 128 Windows NT 4 Server SP4 ICMP 128 Windows ME ICMP 128 Windows 2000 pro ICMP/TCP/UDP 128 Windows 2000 family ICMP 128 Windows Server 2003 128 Windows XP ICMP/TCP/UDP 128 Windows Vista ICMP/TCP/UDP 128 Windows 7 ICMP/TCP/UDP 128 Windows Server 2008 ICMP/TCP/UDP 128 Windows 10 ICMP/TCP/UDP 128

Operating Systems can be detected using Ping Command

We should run the traceroute command first to determine the hops between the Target and the destination.

tracert gbhackers.com

Total number of hops = 11

Now Ping the Domain ping gbhackers.com

TTL value is TTL=53, By making the Sum of TTL value and number of hops we can define the operating system (53 + 11 = 64), we can conclude that there is a Linux Machine Running.

This how Operating Systems can be detected using Ping Command.

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