Narendra Modi became India’s 14th prime minister on Monday, taking the oath of office and addressing foreign dignitaries, supporters of his party, political rivals and corporate leaders in front of the presidential palace in New Delhi.

Narendra Modi on Monday being sworn in as the 14th prime minister of India //t.co/EinrkvlWyp #JumpstartPM Watch it on the go: //t.co/LTLCUKIHed — India Today (@IndiaToday) 26 May 14

In a message on the new prime minister’s website, which started up minutes after he took the oath, Mr. Modi called on the country to “script a glorious future for India.”

“Let us together dream of a strong, developed and inclusive India that actively engages with the global community to strengthen the cause of world peace and development,” he said.

Mr. Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party won a majority of seats in Parliament this month in a landslide victory, sweeping aside the long-governing Indian National Congress, after he presented himself as someone who could revive the Indian economy after serving as the chief minister of Gujarat State.

For the first time, invitations to the inauguration were extended to the leaders of other South Asian countries. The Pakistani prime minister, Nawaz Sharif, who sat next to the departing Indian prime minister, Manmohan Singh, said in an interview with NDTV earlier on Monday that this occasion represented “a great moment and a great opportunity” for Pakistan and India.

In a statement on Sunday evening on Facebook, Mr. Modi’s team announced a change in the ministries to allow “minimum government and maximum governance.”

Forty-five of Mr. Modi’s allies were sworn in at the level of cabinet minister or minister of state after he took his oath. The group included the Bharatiya Janata Party president, Rajnath Singh, who is widely expected to be the next home affairs minister; Sushma Swaraj, the leader of the opposition in the last Parliament who is now likely to head the Ministry of External Affairs; and Arun Jaitley, widely expected to be the next finance minister.

Aside from Ms. Swaraj, several other women received significant appointments. They included Smriti Irani, 38, a member of the upper house of Parliament from Gujarat, who was sworn in at cabinet level. Nirmala Sitharaman, a national B.J.P. spokeswoman, took an oath as minister of state, one rank below cabinet. Ms. Sitharaman is widely respected beyond the party, not only for her work in politics, but as a member of the National Commission for Women.