Transgender women who undergo sex reassignment surgery and hormone therapy may be less likely to develop metabolic disease than those who receive hormone therapy alone. This is according to new research recently presented at Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Diseases: Physiology and Gender – a conference of the American Physiological Society, held in Annapolis, MD.

Share on Pinterest Sex reassignment surgery combined with female hormone therapy may protect the metabolic health of transgender women, researchers suggest.

Previous research has suggested that transgender women are at greater risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, compared with men and women among the general population.

Some studies have put this increased risk down to female hormone therapy; therapy with the female hormone estrogen, for example, has been linked to high blood pressure and increased risk of stroke and heart attack.

For this latest study, lead author Michael Nelson, PhD, of the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, CA, and colleagues set out to determine whether this metabolic risk varied depending on the type of therapy used make the male-to-female transition.

The team enrolled 12 transgender women to their study, four of whom were receiving female hormone therapy and eight of whom received a combination of female hormone therapy and bilateral orchiectomy – in which both testicles are surgically removed.

The researchers measured the insulin resistance and the accumulation of fat in the liver of each participant. They explain that insulin resistance is a key sign of poor metabolic health, and build-up of fat in the liver can cause nonalcoholic fatty liver disease – which studies have suggested can increase heart disease risk.