Four adults in the school system of Steubenville, Ohio, including the superintendent, were indicted Monday by a grand jury looking into the cover-up of a rape that drew national attention and outrage because students recorded it on social media but did not alert the authorities.

Michael McVey, 50, the superintendent of Steubenville City Schools, was indicted on a charge of obstructing justice, along with three others including an elementary school principal, eight months after two teenage football stars were found guilty of raping a 16-year-old girl.

The case was widely followed because social media also seemed to be on trial: teenagers exchanged scores of text messages and cellphone images documenting the assault, during a night of drunken parties in August 2012. The police learned of it only when the girl’s parents gave them a flash drive two days later filled with graphic Twitter posts and video.

“While this started out being about the kids, it is also just as much about the parents, about the grown-ups, about the adults,” said Mike DeWine, Ohio’s attorney general, in announcing the charges.