Roger Stone, a longtime political adviser to President Trump, was arrested Friday after a federal grand jury accused him of lying to Congress to cover up his efforts to obtain and share with Trump campaign officials plans by WikiLeaks to publish emails Russian hackers stole from Democrats in 2016.

In a seven-count indictment obtained Thursday by special counsel Robert Mueller, Mr. Stone was also charged with obstructing the congressional inquiry and trying to persuade a witness to lie to a House committee. The indictment...