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Wisconsin Senator Ron Johnson made waves last month when he became one of the few Republican voices opposing the Senate and House tax plans, saying both versions were unbalanced in favor of large corporations.

After a meeting between President Donald Trump and Republican members of congress, reports of a heated conversation between Johnson and the president about the status of pass-through businesses in the tax plan were leaked to the press. The plan cut the tax rate for conventional corporations from 35 percent to 20 percent, but created a much smaller tax cut, a 17.4 percent tax deduction, for individuals receiving pass-through income.

More than 90 percent of American businesses are pass-throughs, and range in size from sole proprietors and mom-and-pop shops to partnerships and limited-liability companies, both large and small, and include big investment partnerships, law firms, even some doctors. They’re called pass-throughs because all profits earned are passed through to the owners, shareholders and partners of the company, who pay tax on them through their personal returns

Johnson told the New York Times the tax bill gave an unfair advantage to larger corporations by giving less of a tax break to pass throughs. “I just have in my heart a real affinity for these owner-operated pass-throughs,” he said. “We need to make American businesses competitive — they’re not right now. But in making businesses competitive, we can’t leave behind the pass-throughs,” which he has said are drivers of American economic growth.

Johnson’s opposition won him sympathetic coverage from the Times, the Wall Street Journal and Wisconsin businessman and columnist John Torinus, who called the senator “a hero for small companies.”

Others saw it differently. An editorial in Investors Business Daily accused Johnson of trying to “sabotage the effort for absolutely no good reason,” while Wisconsin’s veteran Republican congressman F. James Sensenbrenner blasted Johnson for “strutting around like a peacock” in his public opposition to the plan.

Investors Business Daily noted the tax plan had huge benefits for pass-throughs: “Today, these pass-through businesses face a top income tax rate of 39.5%. Under the Senate bill, they’d get to deduct 17.5% of their income, with the rest taxed at the individual rate.”

Johnson’s opposition, however, had an impact: The final version of the Senate tax bill increased the allowable deduction on pass-through income to 23 percent, and Johnson’s office confirmed that this change secured his vote for the bill. He issued a press release saying, “I appreciate the Senate leadership’s willingness to work to close the gap between pass-through businesses and C corporations.”

But the conference committee to reconcile the differing house and senate versions of the tax bill has reduced the deduction on pass-through income to 20 percent, still higher than the original senate plan. Johnson hasn’t expressly signaled whether he will support the revised plan, but the media has been counting him as a supporter.

Johnson also has been silent on the issue of how he might personally benefit from the increased deduction on pass-through income. According to his financial disclosure documents, Johnson and his wife Jane own a 100 percent interest in a commercial real estate property in Oshkosh, Wisconsin valued at $5 to $25 million. They lease the property to a company called Pacur LLC, which produces polyester sheets and plastics used in food and medical storage. The Johnsons also hold a 5 percent stake in Pacur, valued at between $1-$5 million. “Mr. Johnson earned between $215,000 and just over $2 million in pass-through income in 2016, through several limited liability companies,” the Times story estimated.

Based on that estimate, the 17.4 percent tax deduction in the original plan would have given Johnson a tax deduction of anywhere from $37,410 to $348,000 in 2016; at the 25 percent level he preferred, his tax deduction would have ranged from $53,750 to $500,000 – a half million dollars.

In his statements, Johnson has never used the phrase “small businesses” to describe who would benefit from increasing the pass-through tax deduction, but has suggested larger corporations were getting favorable treatment in the tax plan. In fact, research from University of Chicago economist Owen Zidar shows that 70 percent of pass-through business income goes to the top 1 percent of earners, similar to what the Brookings Institution has found. And Johnson’s financial disclosures suggest he is included among the 1 percent.

Johnson’s office has so far not responded to requests for comment as to how much he would personally benefit from the change he has championed. Says Wisconsin Democratic Party Chair Martha Laning: “The people of Wisconsin deserve to receive full disclosure from Sen. Johnson on how his changes to the tax bill will benefit him personally. Senator Johnson should not join the president in obfuscating what could be his own personal gain on this tax bill that hurts real people to further enrich the 1%.”