History of the American Dietetic Association’s Vegetarian Position Papers, Part One: Why Seventh-day Adventists Want to Prove That Vegetarianism is the Healthiest Diet, and How They Influenced the ADA/Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

Editor’s note: Almost everything in this entry is a quote, because I wanted to let Adventists do all the explaining. The names that initially appear in bold, aside from those in headlines, are Adventists who would later review American Dietetic Association vegetarian position papers. (Though there are other Adventist reviewers and authors of ADA vegetarian position papers who are not mentioned in this entry.)

For more than 130 years Seventh-day Adventists (SDAs) have practiced a vegetarian dietary lifestyle because of their belief in the holistic nature of humankind. Whatever is done in eating or drinking should honor and glorify God and preserve the health of the body, mind and spirit.

– “The Seventh-day Adventist Position Statement on Vegetarian Diets,” Seventh-Day Adventist Dietetic Association

* * *

Ellen White [prophet of Seventh-day Adventism] received her first major health reform vision, June 6, 1863, in the home of Aaron Milliard, at Otsego, Michigan. In this vision, for the first time, God’s people were urged to abstain from flesh food in general and from swine’s flesh in particular. Ellen White characterized this vision as “great light from the Lord,” adding, “I did not seek this light; I did not study to obtain it; it was given to me by the Lord to give to others.”

– “Ellen G. White and Vegetarianism,” Ministry Magazine, Apr., 1986

* * *

God did not call upon this advent movement to do so unusual a thing as to build medical institutions as well as churches, and to train doctors and nurses as well as ministers and Bible instructors, just because He desired these doctors and nurses to care only for the bodies of men. Such care can be given in numerous hospitals in the land, and in some instances better care may be possible because of huge endowments and special equipment. But God called upon us to foster medical work because, rightly carried on, it can play a part in the divine plan for the salvation of men. The medical and ministerial are not two separate and distinct lines of activity. They are parts of one whole, and the link that connects them and provides the full justification for a medical side to this religious movement, is the fact that all physical woes and maladies are a by-product of our sinful state. The kind of service you render to the cause of God and to suffering humanity will help to reveal whether the goal of Adventist medical work is being maintained.

– “Blended Ministry for Body and Soul,” Francis D. Nichol, The Ministry, Page 29, Dec. 1945, Vol. 18, No. 13

* * *

The Lord has given to Seventh-day Adventists the message of health reform, not only for our benefit, but also that we might more effectively prepare the minds of our neighbors and friends to receive the seeds of his love! ‘When connected with other lines of gospel effort, the medical missionary work is a most effective instrument by which the ground is prepared for the sowing of the seeds of truth, and the instrument by which the harvest is reaped.’ MM204 Like the farmer’s plow, the message of health as it centers in Jesus love, will break up the hardened soil of the heart and prepare it to more willingly allow the Gospel message to grow in the hearts and lives of our neighbors and friends. Today there has been a general hardening of attitudes toward religious thought and experience. Yet at the same time we are witnessing an unprecedented interest in health! This should spur us on to evangelistic methods that capitalize on this manner of preparing the ground. ‘Health reform will reach a class and has reached a class that otherwise would never have been reached by the truth.” CM 134

– “Is Health Ministry Important?” Fred Hardinge, DrPH, RD, Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association

* * *

The quote from Spirit of Prophecy which most clearly points out where [Adventist] health evangelism should be done and who should be doing it is: ’We have come to a time when every member of the church should take hold of medical missionary work. The world is a lazar house filled with victims of both physical and spiritual diseases. Everywhere people are perishing for lack of a knowledge of the truths that have been committed to us. The members of the church are in need of an awakening, that they may realize their responsibility to impart these truths.’ Welfare Ministry, p. 138.

– Handbook of Health Evangelism, by Elvin Adams MD, MPH, 2004, p. 3

* * *

Table of Contents

1. Seventh-day Adventism Prophet Ellen G. White on God’s Preferred Diet and Spreading Adventism Through Vegetarian Advocacy

2. John Burden and the Founding of the College of Medical Evangelists/Loma Linda University

3. John H.N. Tindall Pioneers “Gospel Medical Missionary Evangelism”

4. E.H. Risley and Harold M. Walton Bring Adventist Health Evangelism and Vegetarian Dietetics Together

5. Mervyn G. Hardinge Uses the Newly Formed Loma Linda Division of Public Health and Nutrition to Promote Vegetarianism

6. Loma Linda University’s U.D. Register “Proves” Ellen G. White’s Divine Nutritional Prophesies and Persuades the American Dietetic Association

7. Kathleen Zolber of Loma Linda University Becomes the First Adventist President of the American Dietetic Association, Thereby Enriching Her Service to Her Church

8. Recruiting More Adventist Dietitians

9. The Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association

1. SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISM PROPHET ELLEN G. WHITE ON GOD’S PREFERRED DIET AND SPREADING ADVENTISM THROUGH VEGETARIAN ADVOCACY

Nearly forty years ago, the Lord opened up before us the principles of health reform. At that time I was very weak physically. Sometimes I would faint away two or three times a day, and I thought, as many today think, that flesh-meat was the only food that would keep up my strength. But in mercy the Lord showed me that flesh-meat is not necessary to maintain strength, and that it is not the best food. Since that time increased light upon health reform has been given. In grains, fruits, vegetables, and nuts, are to be found all the food elements that we need. If we will come to the Lord in simplicity of mind, He will teach us how to prepare wholesome food free from the taint of flesh-meat… We should put forth greater efforts to teach the people the truths of health reform. At every camp-meeting an effort should be made to demonstrate what can be done in providing an appetizing, wholesome diet from grains, fruits, nuts, and vegetables. In every place where new companies are brought into the truth, instruction should be given in the science of preparing wholesome food. Workers should be chosen who can labor from house to house in an educational campaign.

– Ellen G. White in Testimony Studies on Diet and Foods, p. 20

* * *

Meat is not essential for health or strength, else the Lord made a mistake when He provided food for Adam and Eve before their fall. All the elements of nutrition are contained in the fruits, vegetables, and grains.

– Review and Herald, May 8, 1883, referenced in God’s Nutritionist

* * *

I have been instructed that flesh food has a tendency to animalize the nature, to rob men and women of that love and sympathy which they should feel for every one, and to give the lower passions control over the higher powers of the being. If meat-eating were ever healthful, it is not safe now. Cancers, tumors, and pulmonary diseases are largely caused by meat-eating.

– Ellen G. White in Testimony Studies on Diet and Foods, p. 80

* * *

When one changes from the stimulating diet of meat eating to the fruit-and-vegetable diet, there will always be at first a sense of weakness and a lack of vitality, and many urge this as an argument for the necessity of a meat diet. But this result is the very argument that should be used in discarding a meat diet.

– 1896 Letter by Ellen G. White, referenced in God’s Nutritionist

* * *

I have been instructed by my guide that not only should those who believe the truth practice health reform but they should also teach it diligently to others; for it will be an agency through which the truth can be presented to the attention of unbelievers. They will reason that if we have such sound ideas in regard to health and temperance, there must be something in our religious belief that is worth investigation.

– Letter 1, 1875, in Ev 514, by Ellen G. White

* * *

Again and again I have been shown that God is bringing His people back to His original design, that is, not to subsist upon the flesh of dead animals. He would have us teach people a better way … If meat is discarded, if the taste is not educated in that direction, if a liking for fruits and grains is encouraged, it will soon be as God in the beginning designed it should be. No meat will be used by His people.

– 1884 letter by Ellen G. White, referenced in “God’s Nutritionist”

* * *

Movements are at work to bring us to the front. And if our theories of truth can be picked to pieces by historians and the world’s greatest men, it will be done. These positions of truth include the nutritional principles that we as a people have been given. The world’s great men will be brought into contact with our dietary principles. Already this has begun to take place. … Satan is trying to unsettle our faith in the health principles which have been given to our people. In particular he is trying to do this in the field of nutrition, for if he can conquer us in this field on these little tests, as he conquered Adam on his little test, then he will have gained the victory. As we near the close of time, we must rise higher and still higher upon the question of healthful living and reform in Christian temperance. The Lord expects it of us.

– Counsels to Parents and Teachers by Ellen G. White, 1913, p. 423

* * *

2. JOHN BURDEN AND THE FOUNDING OF THE COLLEGE OF MEDICAL EVANGELISTS/LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY

[T]hrough divine inspiration Ellen White predicted that there were properties and buildings in Southern California that would be used for the Adventist medical missionary work. These sanitariums would “be offered to us at much less than their original cost.” “For months the Lord has given me instruction that He is preparing the way for our people to obtain possession, at little cost, of properties on which there are buildings that can be utilized for our work.” (Idem., Letter 157, 1902)

– “John Burden,” Today, Vol. 18, No. 4, Feb. 24, 2005, p. 3

* * *

Enter John Burden, a young Adventist minister. Believing in Mrs. White’s leadership and prophetic gift, he took her request to heart and actively began looking for property in the Southern California area that was aligned with what Mrs. White had seen in vision. In May of 1905, Pastor Burden reported to Mrs. White that he found a tract of 76 acres a few miles west of Redlands that appeared to match her description. The property was for sale at the seemingly unreachable price of $110,000. Through a series of miraculous events, the property was eventually purchased for $38,000. In her dedicatory address of Loma Linda Sanitarium on April 15, 1906, Mrs. White stated that the institution was to make a major contribution to the work of the Seventh-day Adventist church by becoming a training center for students who would participate in the Church’s worldwide outreach.

– “Historical Background”

* * *

The program for the afternoon session featured four speakers, the last being Ellen White. She eloquently charged the audience to open a training center for ‘medical evangelism.’ … Evangelism meant sharing the ‘good news’ of the gospel with others. Medical evangelism had to refer to telling the public that God wants to help humankind move towards restoration of his original perfect health. … The Southern California Seventh-day Adventists based their project solidly on Scripture: God’s desire is for more than just spiritual health. ‘Beloved, I pray that you may prosper in all things and be in health, just as your soul prospers’ (3 John 2). God’s Word also proclaims that, ‘if anyone defiles the temple of God, God will destroy him. For the Temple of God is holy, which temple you are’ (1 Corinthians 10:31). This suggests God is interested in a total and very comprehensive definition of health and good health practices. … As manager of the embryonic institution, John Burden faced the [burden] of creating an ‘evangelistic-medical course.’ The training, of course, would conform to Ellen White’s injunction: ‘Thousands of workers are to be qualified with all the ability of physicians to labor, not as physicians, but as medical-missionary evangelists.’ … Burden hoped that the training would appeal to ‘well-trained nurses.’ Hopefully, many of these would attain the ‘ability of physicians’ but still be willing to work as evangelists. … Under the laws of the State of California, the school was chartered on December 9, 1909, as the “College of Medical Evangelists.” Loma Linda’s medical school evolved in 1910 with the addition of two clinical years to the existing three-year medical-evangelistic course. The administration limited enrollment only to those who wanted to do ‘the work of the Christian physician and medical missionary.’ ‘We have no time to devote to merely giving a medical education to those who wish to practice medicine,’ the faculty proclaimed. ‘This certainly is no time for Seventh-day Adventist young people to seek a training for the ordinary work of a doctor.’

– Health to the People: Stories of Public Health, Preventive and Lifestyle Medicine, and Medical Evangelism Training and Outreach, Loma Linda 1905-2005 by William Dysinger, p. 24 – 26

* * *

On December 9, 1909, Pastor Burden and other school leaders obtained a charter from the state of California to operate under the new name of College of Medical Evangelists (CME)—the name by which the institution would be known for more than half a century until 1961. The College of Medical Evangelists was fully authorized to “establish and maintain, carry on and conduct literary, scientific, medical, dental, pharmaceutical, and medical missionary colleges or seminaries of learning.” It could grant degrees in liberal arts and sciences, dentistry, and medicine.

– “Historical Background”

* * *

1922—The School of Nutrition and Dietetics starts [at the College of Medical Evangelists].

– “Loma Linda University History Timeline”

* * *

3. JOHN H.N. TINDALL PIONEERS “GOSPEL MEDICAL MISSIONARY EVANGELISM”

It was while he was a law student that [John H.N. Tindall] was converted and became a Seventh-day Adventist. In 1908 he went to Loma Linda for additional study, being convinced early of the value of health reform both in the church and in evangelism. Elder Tindall brings out the fact that this was a year in which health reform was being actively brought to the fore in the church. It was in the same year that Ellen G. White wrote to Elder A.G. Daniells, President of the General Conference, regarding the need “in the year 1908” for circulating a pledge among the leaders reinforcing certain aspects of health reform, among which was abstinence from meat eating. In 1910 a vision came to Mrs. White which has been referred to as the “Medical Evangelism Vision.” In it she stated that the Lord had presented to her a call for a change in methods of working the cities: “During the night of February 27, 1910, a representation was given me in which the unworked cities were presented before me as a living reality, and I was plainly instructed that there should be a decided change from past methods of working. For months the situation has been impressed upon my mind, and I urge that companies be organized and diligently trained to labor in all important cities.” In response to this call, Elder John Burden, business manager of the Medical School, came along with other leaders, to Elder Tindall and presented him with the challenge as outlined by Mrs. White. They asked him to set up a program of gospel medical evangelism with the first demonstration to be in San Bernardino, California. Although San Bernardino had been a place of failure for previous evangelistic efforts, Elder Tindall accepted the challenge and, together with a male nurse and his wife who was a registered nurse, they held a six-week evangelistic effort in that city which included various health talks and demonstrations which were favorably received due to good public relations. After the campaign sixteen people were baptized, which fact demonstrated that these methods could definitely be of value. … [A]t this time Elder Tindall was more convinced than ever that the blending of the gospel and the medical was the work that the Lord had directed him to do. When a call came from the Virginia Conference for a Gospel Medical Program to be set up, Elder Tindall, therefore, gladly accepted the call and moved his company there. … As the result of his experiences in the early 1920’s, and especially because he had had opposition from some doctors in Oklahoma, some of whom advocated the necessity of meat eating, Elder Tindall felt that he should return to Loma Linda for further training and study from which he would gain additional authority. Accordingly, in 1923 he returned to Loma Linda and took further training in both organic and biochemistry, nutrition, and physical therapy, and in 1925 he graduated from the dietitian’s course. He felt that this training was invaluable in his later work, and with this background he developed an early diet-survey system which he called “The Diet Checkup System.” This was introduced along with his Pocket Dietitian and other dietary and nutritional aids which he developed and which were used in the dietetics course at Loma Linda and also by the medical students for several years thereafter. To state that he had a universal understanding and the approval of the Brethren in regards to his course of study would, however, be an overstatement, as the following incident recorded in The Medical Evangelist of March 15, 1928 will attest: “While at Loma Linda taking my [John Tindall’s] training in dietetics I had a very prominent man of our denomination say to me, ‘John, what are you doing here? What do you expect to do studying dietetics? Do you think it right to leave your great work as an evangelist, and come here and spend all this time studying dietetics?’ In reply to my good friend, I said, 'Time will show the wisdom of the plan, my brother. Did you ever read in Vol. 9, page 112, '‘There are some who think that the question of diet is not of sufficient importance to be included in their evangelistic work, but such make a great mistake.’’? It seems to me, my brother, that some people do not see the value of dietetics in evangelism; but I am certain there is wisdom in this statement and I am certain that evangelism needs dietetics; but a great mistake is made by leaving it out and I am here to get the training that someday will aid me greatly in carrying forward that evangelism which will demonstrate God’s plan of soul-winning in the closing work.”

– “John H.N. Tindall: Fifty Years a Gospel-Medical Missionary Evangelist” by Calvin L. Thrash, MD, p. 3-6

* * *

4. E.H. RISLEY AND HAROLD M. WALTON BRING ADVENTIST HEALTH EVANGELISM AND VEGETARIAN DIETETICS TOGETHER

[The] American Dietetic Association (ADA) first came into existence [in 1917] with a charter membership of 58. The Seventh-day Adventist Church, however, pre-dated these health interests by more than 50 years. Ellen White’s instructions in 1863 had been taken seriously, as exemplified in Dr. John Harvey Kellogg’s work and his teaching at the sanitarium in Battle Creek, Michigan. Not surprisingly, from the first year of operation (1906), Loma Linda College of Evangelists inserted “domestic science” into the nursing course. “Medical dietetics” followed in the second year. … In 1922 Dr. E. H. Risley (dean of the Loma Linda campus of [The College of Medical Evangelists]) delivered a thought-provoking discourse to the Adventist General Conference session, reviewing the latest science in nutrition. His paper on “The Newer Dietetics” paved the way for the beginning of nutrition education in September of that year in Loma Linda. The two-year course would train dietitians for hospitals and other institutions, as well as promote both church and public lecture work. Surely, the time had come to formalize the education of the people who would implement the ideals that the Church had held for so many years. Formerly a dietitian at St. Helena Sanitarium and the first male member of the American Dietetic Association, Harold M. Walton became the first dean of this new school at Loma Linda.

– Health to the People: Stories of Public Health, Preventive and Lifestyle Medicine, and Medical Evangelism Training and Outreach, Loma Linda 1905-2005, by William Dysinger, p. 34 – 35

* * *

First Session. Elder A. O. Tait addressed the body on “The Relation of the Medical and the Evangelical Worker.” His plea was for the unity of all forces to the one great end of spreading the Message. He advocated the publication of a popular medical journal at Loma Linda to carry a definite Gospel-filled message, and urged agitation on the matter. … Discussion. Attention was called to the present-day need of careful study of the early testimonies regarding the health work. The instruction herein found, if followed, would place us on vantage ground. The importance of the spiritual side of the physician’s life was emphasized, the evangelistic value of the medical work being nil unless attended by spiritual power. Attention was called to the fact that as the people of God, we have the thing for which the world is crying. The Devil is giving his substitutes for God’s truth. It is time we were stepping in and giving the world what God has given to us. It was advocated that the public press he utilized in bringing our health principles to the attention of the public, and that a new series of leaflets be prepared on health topics. … Doctor Thomason, of White Memorial Hospital, presented a splendid paper on the subject, "What Can Physicians and Trained Nurses Do to Help In Our Tent Meetings and Public Efforts?” He effectually visualized Heaven’s plan in the relation of the physician to the minister—the one sustaining the work of the other in the one united aim of saving souls. The necessity of this relationship in building up staunch converts was emphasized. … “The Training of Dietitians in Our Sanitariums, and the Handling of Dietetic Problems,” was ably presented by Doctor Risley and Mr. Walton. Our attention was called to the importance of dietetics as a therapeutic agent, and the necessity of thorough training for one joining the medical staff as a dietitian. A suggestive curriculum was outlined, and it was urged that definite steps be taken to provide a place and facilities for the training of such specialists.

– ”Report of the Medical Convention Held at Loma Linda Mar. 19-22, 1920.” Medical Evangelist Vol. 7, No. 1, June 1920, p. 22

* * *

In the world today the medical men are speaking of dietetics as a very important part of therapeutics. Many noted educators of this country are placing dietetics before drugs. That is a great thing for men of the world to do. There is no question in our minds where it should stand. Dietetics is not a new subject, we have known about it for many years; but it has a new future. Today I do not believe there is any subject in medicine receiving more attention than diet. … A knowledge of dietetics is of special importance to all of us. If we live right in our homes, we can be a light to all about us. … Our denomination should stand for the very best in dietetics. We have had the light on this for many years, but we have failed to appreciate it: and today the world is advocating our principles. It is time for us to rise up and fill the place and do the work God gave us. The world is making wonderful progress in this line. The journals of biological chemistry and others are filled with reports of experimental work that is being conducted, proving what we have known for years, but have not heeded. Dr. McCollum, after careful experimental studies, advocates the lacto-vegetarian diet as the ideal one for man. When such men come forward and advocate that type of dietary as ideal, why are we so slow ? Why are we so backward? Why do we not stand true on it? … There is a great opportunity for dietitians today. To me it seems unfortunate that we as a people have not got down to business in training dietitians. We have now resolved to establish schools where such workers can be trained. As physicians and other workers we should not idly wait for dietitians. Our doctors ought to become skilled in dietetic work. … Most people have thought that in order to build the body tissues we must have the protein of flesh foods. But flesh is a secondhand food. The tissue of the animal was developed originally from the vegetable materials. Scientific men are recognizing the fact that we can get a properly balanced diet without the use of meat. Why should we be so slow in selecting our protein foods from vegetable sources? Dr. Taylor says, “There is no excuse for the use of meat.” We have every reason to believe this. … The principles of proper diet are simple, and with reasonable care we can go forward to success in this great branch of our work. I believe it is time to work earnestly toward this end. We can then expect right results.

– “The Newer Dietetics” by Dr. E. H. Risley, 1922

* * *

Many will be glad to learn that the College of Medical Evangelists is inaugurating with the opening of the Medical School, September 10, 1922, a School of Dietetics. It is planned that it shall be a two-year course, and the college is in a position so far as faculty and equipment are concerned to give a strong course in this important subject. Dietetics is today taking its place among the thoroughly scientific subjects, and inasmuch as we as a people have had repeated instruction in regard to the importance of the subject and our duty to engage in educational work of this kind, we feel that the opening of this new school is timely and should have the earnest support of our people everywhere. It is designed to educate thoroughly trained dietitians both for institutional work in the denomination and for public work as lecturers and educators. The help of Mr. Harold M. Walton, for several years dietitian at the St. Helena Sanitarium, has been secured to lead out in the course…

– “Training School for Dietitians—A New Course of Study at Loma Linda.” Medical Evangelist: Vol. 9, No. 1, p. 24-25, July-Aug., 1922

* * *

This volume has been prepared to be used as a textbook for the study of healthful diet and the instruction pertaining to foods as set forth in the writings of the Spirit of Prophecy. … It will be observed that many selections have been taken from the older volumes of the Spirit of Prophecy that are not now generally available, and there is much instruction in these that the student of dietetics will highly prize. … The health reform movement began early in the history of this denomination, and great benefit came to those who accepted the instruction and faithfully lived in accordance with it. … Scientific researchers have in recent years shown that these rules for healthful living are correct, and how thankful this people should be for such wonderful light so far in advance of what the world could offer and which has proved to be of such great help in the life both physically and spiritually. All should be inspired with full confidence in these rules for healthful living. … It is our earnest hope that this volume will contribute something toward a more comprehensive knowledge of this phase of the health message, and that all who study these writings will become imbued with a love for them and will live in harmony with them and teach them until Jesus appears to receive unto himself all those who have made a covenant with Him.

– Testimony Studies on Diet and Foods, from preface by Harold M. Walton, Jan. 5, 1926

* * *

On Sabbath afternoon, May 15, members of the Loma Linda and Los Angeles faculties met in Paulson Hall, White Memorial Hospital, for the purpose of considering the means by which the College of Medical Evangelists [now Loma Linda University] can increase its functions in promoting greater activities in the field of health by its students and graduates. It is recognized that this school exists for the purpose of educating men and women in the medical field so that they may be qualified to carry the message of health and of salvation to the world fields. Dr. Harold M. Walton, medical secretary of the General Conference, presented skeleton plans which, when put into operation, will create a greater interest in health evangelism than has ever existed in the denomination. … Members of the faculty in attendance were most enthusiastic over the whole plan, and pledged their support in helping to extend such functions within the school. It is the purpose of the school to demonstrate acceptable leadership and co-operation with the denomination in making the health program an active and important part of the message for the world today.

– “Definite Health Evangelism,” The Ministry, Vol. 16, No. 8, Aug., 1943

* * *

From overseas and from several states, alumni of the School of Nutrition and Dietetics gathered for their annual homecoming week-end April 14 to 16. These Alumni are serving in many capacities in dietetics and in nutrition in America and in other lands. The School of Nutrition and Dietetics was organized forty-five years ago in 1922. Harold M. Walton, MD, University Health Service, was its first dean. He was also the first male member of the American Dietetic Association. … It progressed from a two-year to a three-year undergraduate certificate course to a bachelor’s degree program. Two hundred and forty certificates and bachelor’s degrees were awarded in the 32 years from 1922 to 1954. There were additional certificates given for an unaccredited internship conducted between 1938 and 1951, for which there are insufficient records. In August, 1956, the School offered a graduate program with an internship accredited by the American Dietetic Association, and in 1957, the master’s degree program with majors in dietetics and in nutrition. In the ten years from 1957 to 1967, there were 141 who received intern certificates and master’s degrees. … Through the years all but one of the intern graduates have accepted dietetic positions upon graduation or have continued their graduate education.

– “Nutrition—Dietetics Story” By Ruth Little, Scope Vol. 4, No. 9, Apr. 29, 1967

* * *

5. MERVYN G. HARDINGE – AUTHOR OF A PHYSICIAN EXPLAINS ELLEN WHITE’S COUNSEL ON DRUGS, HERBS, AND NATURAL REMEDIES AND CONTRIBUTOR TO EVERYDAY NUTRITION FOR YOUR FAMILY – USES THE NEWLY FORMED LOMA LINDA DIVISION OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND NUTRITION TO PROMOTE VEGETARIANISM

The University Trustees this week voted to establish a new academic unit effective September 1. The Division of Public Health and Nutrition, created by the Trustees Tuesday, will ultimately bring together in one teaching area programs now administered separately by the Division of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, the School of Medicine and the School of Nutrition and Dietetics. Named to head the new division effective September 1 is Mervyn G. Hardinge…

– “Trustees Create New Public Health Unit,” Scope Vol. 2, No. 3, Aug. 28, 1964, P. 1

* * *

Several pioneers of vegetarianism received awards at the congress. By helping the scientific community maintain open minds to the value of a vegetarian diet, these researchers made great advances in the study of good nutrition. One of the recipients, Mervyn Hardinge, was a doctoral student in public health in the 1940s when he chose to investigate the health status of vegetarians for his doctoral dissertation. The dean of the Loma Linda University School of Medicine at that time feared the church would be embarrassed if the vegetarian diet was found deficient, and demanded that Hardinge select another topic. Hardinge refused, defying the administration, and continued his research. … When his findings were published in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association, they drew national attention. Hardinge later went on to become dean of the school of public health at Loma Linda University, and director of the health department of the Seventh-day Adventist Church.

– “The Vegetarian Diet Comes of Age” by Rosemary Clandos, Spectrum Magazine, Vol. 26, No. 3, p. 46, Sept. 1997

* * *

Seventh-day Adventists have been inordinately privileged to have available to them divinely inspired counsels regarding healthful living, conveyed through the many writings of Ellen G. White. Scientific research has continually confirmed and supported many of their inspired concepts and principles. Some of this data has come from Seventh-day Adventists themselves as they have received significant health benefits from following the lifestyle Mrs. White recommended. … I first became interested in the subject of what Ellen White had to say about drugs and other remedies when I took a class in my freshman year of medical school (1937). As an assignment the teacher, Dr. E. H. Risley, required us to read two books, The Ministry of Healing and Medical Ministry. I bought and went through both books twice. To say the least, they intrigued me. At the time I accepted Ellen White not as an inspired writer but only as a religious writer. Later as I checked statements she made about varying aspects of health with the scientific literature, I became convinced that without divine assistance she could not have written what she did or when she did. At the time of her writing such information simply was not readily available. I would like to make it clear that throughout this work, whenever I state that “Ellen White said” something I am meaning that she was attempting to state that which she believed God had revealed to her.

– A Physician Explains Ellen White’s Counsel on Drugs, Herbs, and Natural Remedies by Dr. Mervyn Hardinge, p. 10-11 & 16

* * *

[I]n my opinion, because of our great ignorance, it is better to rely on food in as unrefined a condition as possible, and to the ranges of nutrients the Creator put into the variety of foods we eat.

– “Vitamins, Minerals and Airlines: More complicated than airline schedules, the interrelationships of vitamins, minerals, and hormones caution against the taking of supplements. An interview with Mervyn G. Hardinge, M.D., Dr.P.H., Ph.D.”Your Life and Health, Sept. 1983, p. 11

* * *

So it appeared that people who did not use animal products would have a vitamin B12 deficiency if they did not take a supplement. And this was the situation for many years. Then about fifteen years ago I hit on an idea. Perhaps the microorganisms in our mouths were producing B12. So we set up a laboratory to analyze for the presence of BI2. A year later we had shown that the vitamin was indeed being produced by microorganisms in the mouth. It is not secreted in the saliva, but is produced on the teeth and in the lymphoid tissue (tonsils) of the pharynx … Another interesting discovery was made by Dr. U. D. Register, chairman of the Department of Nutrition at the School of Health, Loma Linda University. In the course of his studies on B12 he did some analyzing of water from streams, wells, and lakes. He found that most water, uncontaminated by animal or human excreta, has significant amounts of that vitamin. … If one eats a very limited amount of refined foods, such as sugar and refined oil, and uses fruits, whole grains, vegetables, and nuts, and eats sufficient to meet his caloric needs, the diet will contain adequate protein. If he does not push his protein intake, no B12 problems should result.

– “Vegetarians and Vitamin B12: An interview with Mervyn G. Hardinge, M.D., Dr.P.H., Ph.D.” Your Life and Health, Jan. 1983, p. 14-15

* * *

For the more than 350 attending the health retreat held September 29 to October 1 at Seven Springs, Pennsylvania, the weekend provided what its leaders hope will be a clearer understanding of the role between mental and spiritual health. It was sponsored by the Columbia Union Conference and Eastern States Adventist Health Services, Incorporated. An outstanding faculty guided the participants through the weekend. Dr. Mervyn C. Hardinge was keynote speaker at the Friday-evening session. … At the opening session, Dr. Hardinge discussed “the battle for the brain,” outlining the many factors in our lives that “make Satan’s work all too easy.” Fatigue, lack of exercise, drugs, food, television—all contribute, he said, to an unhealthy condition in which Satan can step in and take command.

– Columbia Union Visitor, Dec. 14, 1978, Page 12L

* * *

Neal C. Wilson, president of the General Conference, and Mervyn Hardinge, MD, health director, along with the well-known musician, Charles D. Brooks, conducted a health-evangelism crusade in Panama City February 11 to March 3. … The saving Gospel of Jesus and the health instruction were interwoven. Each evening Dr. Hardinge mentioned the benefits of trust in divine providence. … Pastors and laymen throughout Inter-America would do well to use the straight-forward method of preaching used in Panama by Pastor Wilson and Dr. Hardinge.

– “GC President and Health Director Conduct Crusade In Panama City,” Inter-American News Flashes No. 335, Apr. 1984

* * *

Mervyn G. Hardinge, MD, PhD, professor and chairman of the University School of Medicine department of pharmacology, recently was elected to membership in three societies, the American Institute of Nutrition, the council on arteriosclerosis of the American Heart Association and the American College of Clinical Pharmacology and Chemotherapy. … One of the objectives of the [latter] organization, according to a spokesman, is “to provide a means of communication between the clinical investigators, the pharmaceutical industry and the Food and Drug Administration for the purpose of promoting the science and practice of therapeutics so the safety and best interests of the public will be maintained at all times.“

– Scope, Vol. 1, No. 36, May 15, 1964, p. 1

* * *

Drs. Hardinge and [U.D.] Register initiated studies on nonflesh diets. They compared the diets of vegetarians with those of nonvegetarians. Their impact was gradual. The American Dietetic Association, once hostile to the concept of nonflesh diets, accepted papers on vegetarian studies beginning in the mid-1960s. In 1988 they published, with the help of Drs. Register and [Kathleen] Zolber, a position paper accepting that vegetarian diets were adequate and wholesome. Today in the Western world nonflesh diets, once ridiculed, then tolerated, now eulogized, have increasing acceptance. Growing numbers of people have adopted them.

– A Physician Explains Ellen White’s Counsel on Drugs, Herbs, and Natural Remedies by Mervyn G. Hardinge, p. 203

* * *

The reputation of vegetarian diets and those who eat them has a checkered history. It was not so long ago that the American Dietetic Association (ADA) recorded serious doubts about their nutritional adequacy, but recent recommendations have been much more positive. Probably, the first serious scientific investigations of these diets were performed by Mervyn Hardinge…

– “Vegetarian diets: what do we know of their effects on common chronic diseases?” by Adventist Dr. Gary E. Fraser

* * *

Evidently God who created our bodies knew what kind of food would keep them operating best. When He created human beings, He said, "I have given you every plant yielding seed which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree with seed in its fruit; you shall have them for food… And God saw everything that he had made, and behold, it was very good” (Genesis 1:29-31, RSV). Isn’t it interesting that scientists have now discovered that the original diet given to man by God is the best diet to prevent heart attacks and other disorders?

– “Natural Diet” by Mervyn G. Hardinge, Herald of Health, Oct. 1977, p. 12

* * *

6. LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY’S U.D. REGISTER — REVIEWER FOR THE ADA’S 1988 VEGETARIAN POSITION PAPER, AND CONTRIBUTOR TO EVERYDAY NUTRITION FOR YOUR FAMILY — “PROVES” ELLEN G. WHITE’S DIVINE NUTRITIONAL PROPHESIES AND PERSUADES THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION

Church researches including Mervyn Hardinge, former editor of Life & Health and dean of Loma Linda University School of Health; and U. D. Register, chairman of the Nutrition Department, Loma Linda University School of Health and others will bring scientific and inspired data for consideration. Drs. Hardinge and Register have done more than any others to make the world aware of the soundness of vegetarianism and the superior health practices of Seventh-day Adventists.

–“L.L.U. Hosts Seminar on Fats,” Canadian Adventist Messenger, Aug. 2, 1979, p. 12

* * *

Just four short months after the Third International Congress on Vegetarian Nutrition [in 1997] recognized him for his contributions to the promulgation of information about vegetarian diets, UD Register died as a result of an accident in his home. … Ulma Doyle Register was born in West Monroe, LA, on February 4, 1920. He was attracted to chemistry early on and received a BS degree in that area from the Madison College, Madison, TN, in 1942. At Madison, he worked for a company that manufactured meat alternatives, and it was there that he adopted a vegetarian diet, a practice he followed enthusiastically for the remainder of his life. [Note: Register became a Seventh-day Adventist in 1938, according to this interview with him, and became a food chemist for Madison Foods in 1941, after he was already an Adventist. Madison Foods was an Adventist company, founded by Ellen G. White, creating soy-based products.] He received his doctorate in 1950 and, after a year of postdoctoral work at Tulane University setting up their vitamin B-12 laboratory, he accepted an invitation to join the School of Medicine at Loma Linda University as an instructor in biochemistry. … In 1967, Register became the chair of the Department of Nutrition in the newly organized School of Public Health. At that time, graduates from the department’s dietetics program were not recognized by the American Dietetic Association primarily because of its negative attitudes toward the program’s emphasis on vegetarian diets. He was determined to change that perception and he did. The acceptance of vegetarian diets and those advocating them became apparent when the California Nutrition Council elected Register to become their third president. His expertise became widely known and he was invited to participate in the 1969 White House Conference on Food, Nutrition, and Health. Register was invited to speak about vegetarian diets at the 55th annual meeting of the American Dietetic Association in 1972. Later, at their request, he coauthored a continuing education manual for dietitians on vegetarian diets. In 1974, he was invited by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council to write their statement on vegetarian diets. Early in his career, Register realized that sharing research results with the general public was at least as important as the research itself. He traveled across the nation and around the world, sharing his knowledge of vegetarian nutrition.

– “Dedication to UD Register, 1920-1997” by Patricia K. Johnston

* * *

Walla Walla College held its second Health Week, November 11 to 17. Guest speaker Dr. U. D. Register, of the College of Medical Evangelists staff, emphasized the close relationship between the counsel found in the Spirit of Prophecy writings and findings of modern-day science.

– Review and Herald, Vol. 134, No. 4, “Health Week at Walla Walla College” by Joyce Wilson, p. 25, Jan. 24, 1957

* * *

Using [Adventist prophet Ellen G. White’s] inspired writings as a basis, U.D. Register, Ph.D., associate professor of biochemistry of the School of Health of Loma Linda University, a Seventh-day Adventist institution near Redlands, California, and a team of co-workers conducted a series of fascinating experiments, aimed at finding scientific confirmation for Spirit of Prophecy statements. Presenting the results of their research project at the fifty-first annual meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology in Chicago (1967), Dr. Register pointed out that “persons who drink a lot of coffee, live on nutritionally poor diets and use a lot of spices may be driving themselves to alcoholic drink.“

– Ellen G. White: Prophet of Destiny by Rene Noorbergen, p. 102

* * *

U. D. Register, Ph. D., associate professor of biochemistry, will speak at the 10:55 a.m. University Church service Saturday morning. His topic will be “Nutritional Prophetic Fulfillments.” He will present recent scientific evidence supporting Ellen G. White’s 1884 statement that faulty diet is a cause of juvenile delinquency. Vegetarianism versus a diet which includes meat and other animal products will be considered in group discussion at 3 p.m.

– Northern Union Outlook, Vol. 30, No. 46, Mar. 24, 1967

* * *

Mr. Bart: Your sermon topic for tonight is "Nutritional Prophetic Fulfillments.” I wonder if you could briefly tell me what that means. Dr. Register: We have a person in our church, Ellen White, whom we believe was inspired. She wrote many principles of nutrition even before there was scientific evidence for these principles. But they are being verified by science in a remarkable way today.

– These Times, July 1, 1973, p. 10

* * *

For approximately fifty years Mrs. Ellen G. White wrote extensively in the field of health and nutrition. She advocated many principles of health for which there was no available scientific evidence. Although written at a time when health fallacies were prevalent, the principles have been verified by science in a remarkable way. … The foregoing and other nutritional prophetic fulfillments give me increased confidence in the messages given to God’s people for today. … The insights God gave to Mrs. White have proved to be a boon to millions who have taken her counsels seriously.

– From a speech by U.D. Register

* * *

[Bruce Wilcox:] What facts in Ellen White’s writings have been verified while you have been in the nutrition field? [U.D. Register:] When I first went into nutrition back in 1941 as a food chemist for Madison Foods, the Dietetic Association felt that one had to have meat in his or her diet to have good health, and a large percentage of other organizations believed similarly. We tried to have an internship at the White Memorial Hospital approved by the American Dietetic Association. The ADA wouldn’t give approval primarily because we didn’t recommend the use of meat in the diet. There was a definite feeling among the nutrition scientists of the day that a meatless diet was not adequate. Of course, we were given this counsel in Counsels on Diet and Foods, page 92: “Fruits, grains, and vegetables, prepared in a simple way, free from spice and grease of all kinds, make, with milk or cream, the most healthful diet. They impart nourishment to the body, and give a power of endurance and a vigor of intellect that are not produced by a stimulating diet.” When I first came to Loma Linda in 1951, Dr. Hardinge was conducting his studies in California on nonvegetarians, lactovegetarians, and total vegetarians. He found that with the exception of B12, even the total vegetarians were getting an adequate quantity of protein in their diet, as well as other nutrients, and when amino acid analyses were done, they were obtaining more than the recommended allowance of essential amino acids. … [Bruce Wilcox:] At that time, what areas did you feel needed exploring? [U.D. Register:] Number one was a study on the distribution of vitamin B12 in foods. Our studies at Wisconsin indicated that B12 was not found in vegetarian foods we tested. When I came to Loma Linda we analyzed more than 100 vegetarian foods and could not find a trace of vitamin B12 in any of them. In Counsels on Diet and Foods, page 206, caution was given on the premature dispensing of milk from the diet, as death may result—suggesting the lack of a nutrient, vitamin B12, in a total vegetarian diet, but present in milk. “The time will come when we may have to discard some of the articles of diet we now use, such as milk and cream and eggs; but my message is that you must not bring yourself to a time of trouble beforehand, and thus afflict yourself with death. Wait till the Lord prepares the way before you.” … Publishing these studies [on protein in vegetarian diets] aided in completely changing the attitude of the American Dietetic Association. An incident of interest that probably spearheaded this whole program of acceptance by the ADA was a request from the State public health nutritionists. They said, “We have a group of pregnant ‘hippie’ women around San Francisco, and we don’t know how to recommend to them an adequate diet. Can you come to our State meeting and tell us how?” I gave a two-hour discussion on all our research at Loma Linda University and gave them a vegetarian packet to study. We were deluged by requests for those packets. … [We] have sent out more than 50,000 vegetarian packets. … [Bruce Wilcox:] Did anything further develop from this acceptance by the American Dietetic Association of a lactovegetarian diet? [U.D. Register:] Yes, as a result of this meeting we were asked to give a talk at the Michigan, California, Massachusetts, and American Dietetic Associations. … Interest in vegetarian diets spread like wildfire. … The ADA asked us to prepare a study guide for dietitians, to provide continuing education credit. Later they asked us to prepare some guidelines for the vegetarian diet that has been published in the ADA journal. [Bruce Wilcox:] What concluding statement would you like to make? [U.D. Register:] Certainly the statement in Counsels to Parents and Teachers, page 426, is appropriate for us today: “God is the author of science. Scientific research opens to the mind vast fields of thought and information, enabling us to see God in His created works… . Rightly understood, science and the written word agree, and each sheds light on the other. Together they lead us to God, by teaching us something of the wise and beneficent laws through which He works.”

– “Adventists push the scientific frontiers of nutrition,” Interview by R. Bruce Wilcox with U. D. Register; Adventist Review, Sept. 20, 1984, p. 15-18

* * *

7. KATHLEEN ZOLBER OF LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY BECOMES THE FIRST ADVENTIST PRESIDENT OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION, THEREBY ENRICHING HER SERVICE TO HER CHURCH

The Department of Home Economics at Walla Walla College is privileged to make its facilities available for the Lay-Nutrition Instructor Course to be held September 9-12 [1963]. Announcement was made in last week’s GLEANER that Dr. Mervyn Hardinge of Loma Linda University will be guest lecturer in nutrition. … It is designed that the program [called “Nutrition in Action”] will provide an informative course in the principles of nutrition and give each participant many worthwhile suggestions for conducting schools in the local churches and communities. Time has been allotted for practical experience in food demonstration techniques. There has probably never been a time when so much interest has been shown in physical fitness and nutrition as there is today in both our church and among the general public. Certainly each church is to become a training center for classes in the art and science of healthful cooking. We urge you to consider this opportunity to prepare for this important work of serving others. … Kathleen Zolber

Associate Professor, Foods and Nutrition

– North Pacific Union Gleaner, Aug. 12, 1963, Vol. 58, No. 31, p. 3

* * *

Mrs. Kathleen Zolber, associate professor in the School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Loma Linda University, is the recipient of the Mead Johnson Award for Graduate Education in Dietetics. The award is administered by the American Dietetic Association. Only two such awards may be granted in a year. Mrs. Zolber has been connected with the denomination’s educational program for many years, having been first food service director and later associate professor in the home economics department at Walla Walla College.

– Review and Herald, article by Ruth Little, Aug. 26, 1965, p. 18

* * *

Cooking and nutrition classes are frequently conducted by ladies at our church facilities, but recently a pastor headed such a series. … At the request of the dental student auxiliary at Loma Linda, Elder William Loveless, pastor of the University Church, was invited to direct a class which would equip them to present cooking classes themselves in surrounding communities. Using a variety of resource personnel he coordinated a series of weekly classes in the church’s fellowship and kitchen area. Among the sneakers were Dr. Albert Sanchez, Dr. and Mrs. U. D. Register, and Dr. Kathleen Zolber. These four were also available to the women for their subsequent schools. … The classes focused on not only basic cooking and nutrition but how nutrition can help bring a balance to the physical, moral, and mental phases of living.

– “University Church Pastor Heads Nutrition Classes,” by C. Elwyn Platner, Pacific Union Recorder, Apr. 19, 1971, p. 3

* * *

The [Loma Linda University] School of Health’s Kathleen Zolber, associate professor of nutrition, has been authorized to prepare a one-hour tape on vegetarian diet by the Continuing Education committee of the American Dietetic Association. … The tape will be the first of a series of three tapes for continuing education for the association’s 20,000 members. Registered dietitians are now required to complete 75 units of continuing education during each five-year period. Dr. U.D. Register will collaborate with Dr. Zolber in preparing the question-and-answer format. Printed materials, including study outlines, a bibliography, and vegetarian menus will be used with the tape.

– “Pace,” Scope Vol. 10, No.1, Jan.-Feb. 1973, p. 4

* * *

It’s Your World Vegetarian Cookbook is not just another collection of recipes! …. Based on recommendations from [Ellen G. White’s] Counsels on Diet and Foods and recent findings in nutrition, emphasis is placed on plant foods in as natural a form as possible as preferable to refined or processed foods; good-quality protein combined in tasty, attractive and healthful dishes; simple, easy-to-follow, low-cost recipes; low in cholesterol, sugar, saturated fat; and not more than l/6th part of nuts—see CDF, p. 273. … The guidance committee included several staff members from the department of nutrition, School of Health, Loma Linda University; namely: Dr. U. D. Register, chairman; Helen Register; Lydia Sonnenberg and Dr. Kathleen Zolber. … “The Lord will give His people wisdom to prepare from that which the earth yields, food that will take the place of flesh meat. Simple combinations of nuts and grains and fruits, manufactured with taste and skill commend themselves to unbelievers.” CDF, p. 269.

– “It’s Your World Vegetarian Cookbook Presents the Healthful Way of Living,” Pacific Union Recorder, Aug. 6, 1973, p. 6

* * *

Kathleen Zolber, director of dietetics and professor of nutrition, has been appointed chairman of the Dietetic Internship Board of the American Dietetic Association.

– Advent Review and Sabbath Herald, R&H, Dec. 18, 1975, p. 27

* * *

Kathleen Zolber has been named Alumnae of the Year for Walla Walla College and was honored for her contribution to her profession and the church during WWC’s Alumni Homecoming Weekend, Apr. 21 to 24. … Active in both professional and church activities, Mrs. Zolber has served on the health advisory committee of the General Conference, the publications committee for the SDA Dietetic Association and she is currently chairman of the commission on evaluation of dietetic education and a member of the coordinating cabinet of the American Dietetic Association.

– Gleaner, May 2, 1977, p. 21- 22

* * *

Kathleen K. Zolber, professor of nutrition and co-chairman of the department of dietetics in the School of Allied Health Professions, presented the annual Distinguished Faculty Lecture May 3. Dr. Zolber, a graduate of Walla Walla College and the University of Wisconsin, has written numerous articles for Adventist and professional publications. She is currently a member of the American Dietetic Association’s board of directors.

– Adventist Review, May 24, 1979, p. 29

* * *

Kathleen Zolber, chairman of the Department of Dietetics in the School of Allied Health Professions, [was elected] president of the American Dietetic Association in September [of 1981]. The Association represents 42,000 professional dietitians and nutritionists. … This is the first time a Seventh-day Adventist has been elected to a national office of the American Dietetic Association.

– Adventist Review, Nov. 19, 1981

* * *

The twenty-seventh annual meeting of the Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association was held September 18-20, in Hackettstown, New Jersey, just prior to the national meeting of the American Dietetic Association in Philadelphia. … The dietitians present conducted the Sabbath services for the Hackettstown church. … At the annual banquet, held in Philadelphia, Distinguished Service awards were presented to Kathleen Zolber, director of the coordinated undergraduate program in dietetics at Loma Linda University and president-elect of the American Dietetic Association, and Alice Marsh, professor emeritus of home economics at Andrews.

– “Dietitians meet for three days,” Adventist Review, Nov. 19, 1981, p. 23

* * *

For Seventh-day Adventist dietitians the American Dietetic Association convention held September 11-15 in Anaheim, California, was special. For the first time since its founding in 1917, an Adventist—Kathleen Zolber, a professor of nutrition at Loma Linda University—was the association’s president. Dr. Zolber presided over the convention—which drew about 10,000 dietitians—at the opening and during other special sessions. … The largest group of Adventist dietitians ever to attend (more than 200) met for the annual dinner of the Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association (SDADA) at the Jolly Roger Inn on Tuesday evening, September 13. … On that occasion Lydia Sonnenberg—who has contributed to both the growth of SDADA and the dietetic profession as an outstanding administrator, teacher, and writer—was given the Distinguished Service Award. … Special thanks are extended to Loma Linda Foods and Worthington Foods for their many courtesies to the Adventist dietitians, for their support through scholarships for worthy students, and for their support of administrative workshops in the field.

– “SDA presides over dietitians’ convention” by Irma B. Vyhmeister, Adventist Review, Dec. 22, 1983, p. 18

* * *

Irma B Vyhmeister reported on the convention of the American Dietetic Association held in Anaheim, California, recently. Kathleen Zolber, a Seventh-day Adventist, is president of the Association. She received two standing ovations. Attendance reached 10,000, approximately 200 were Seventh-day Adventists. Lydia Sonenberg who was connected with Loma Linda University for many years, received the distinguished service award. Topics were varied and included a discussion of caffeine. Serious researchers agree with the writings of E [G] White on this subject.

– General Conference Committee minutes for Sept., 1983

* * *

The book [Health to the People: Stories of Public Health, Preventive and Lifestyle Medicine, and Medical Evangelism Training and Outreach, Loma Linda, California, 1905-2005] recounts many exciting ways God has blessed this first church operated School of Public Health. Founded in 1905, [Loma Linda University], initially called the College of Evangelists, began by developing health education training of medical evangelists. In 1922, the School of Nutrition and Dietetics was established and went through twenty years of disappointment in its many efforts to get approval of the American Dietetic Association (ADA). The ADA finally recognized the benefits of plant based diets and Loma Linda was fully vindicated when its vegetarian Professor of Nutrition, Katherine Zolber, was elected president of the ADA and was given the Cypher Award, ADA’s highest.

– “Dysinger’s Health to the People Now Available”

* * *

Kathleen Zolber, PhD, professor of nutrition, received an “Outstanding Service Award” from the American Dietetic Association Foundation. She was cited for dedicated service as a member of ADA’s capital campaign in its efforts to raise $8 million for the National Center for Nutrition and Dietetics.

– Today, Wednesday, Dec. 13, 1989, Vol. 2, No. 21

* * *

A successful teacher, educational administrator, and fund-raiser, Kathleen Zolber has, for many years, served her church capably and well in the area of dietetics and nutrition. … Kathleen exemplifies the kind of contribution a professional can make by being capable in her field and true to principle.

– Association of Adventist Women, 1985

* * *

As an educator, researcher, scholar, manager, and leader, Kathleen Zolber has influenced her profession and supported her church in a life-long career in nutrition and dietetics. A highlight of her life of achievement and service came when she was elected by the 50,000 members of the American Dietetic Association to be their president in 1982-1983. … As a committed Seventh-day Adventist, Dr. Zolber finds time to work in her local church. She belongs to the 5,000-member Loma Linda University church where she chairs the Finance Committee. … Her faith and values as an Adventist Christian have permeated her professional life. Her professional expertise has enriched her service to her church.

– “1985 Women of the Year: Nutritionist, Bible worker, and missionary honored in New Orleans for lives of service.” The Adventist Woman, July/Aug., 1985, p. 5

* * *

8. RECRUITING MORE ADVENTIST DIETITIANS

Seventh-day Adventist Dietitians have a solution to the hungering need of the world today. Not only do we have answers to the prevention and treatment for many chronic diseases of the body, we also have answers to the hunger of the soul. Did God call you to your profession? Do you still have a passion to make a difference? You have been placed in your corner of the world for a reason. God has placed you where you are right now to make a difference. As we network together, Seventh-day Adventist Dietitians can have a stronger voice. Our “right arm” needs some exercise and you are just the one we need to do it. We need to rally together to meet the needs of our church, our community, our country and our world. …

– “A Message from the President,” SDADA News, Summer 2004

* * *

There is an urgent need for the services of many more Seventh-day Adventist dietitians who are especially qualified and trained for educational work along nutritional lines in the field, in our schools, and in our other institutions. Recognizing this need the Loma Linda Food Company, a conference owned institution [which makes fake meat products], has devised a plan in conjunction with the College of Medical Evangelists whereby scholarships will be awarded pre-dietetics students. Twelve scholarships of $100 each payable in tuition are being offered pre-dietetics students in Seventh-day Adventist junior and senior colleges upon their entering the Loma Linda School of Dietetics. These scholarships will be awarded on the basis of grade average, an aptitude for public speaking, proficiency in the art of cooking, and certain other specified requirements including the preparation of a theme pertaining to the nutritional program of the Seventh-day Adventist church.

– “Scholarships in Dietetics”, The Record, Vol. XLIII, No. 50, Dec. 20, 1944, p. 2

* * *

To Seventh-day Adventists, in a very special way, the services of trained personnel in nutrition and dietetics are necessary. Special emphasis on a health-promoting dietary is one of the distinguishing characteristics of our medical program and a field in which we as a denomination should be foremost. More qualified dietitians are needed to serve in the capacity of food administrators and clinical dietitians in our hospitals and sanitariums. The dietitian’s sphere in our colleges and academies should be enlarged. The nutritionist and dietitian are to play an important role in the field of preventive medicine as teachers in the community of sound principles of healthful living. Upon completion of thirty years of service to the denomination, the School of Nutrition of the College of Medical Evangelists looks forward to larger and more effective contributions to the needs of our church around the world.

– “School of Nutrition Celebrates Thirtieth Anniversary,” Lydia M. Sonnenberg, Director, School of Nutrition, College of Medical Evangelists, Review and Herald, Dec. 25, 1952, p. 14-15

* * *

The Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association has just released a new thirty-minute film. Entitled “A Service of Love,” it is a 16 mm. sound motion picture in color, portraying the fascinating and beneficial work of the dietitian. It tells the story of a dietitian’s dedication to her profession, and how she lives out that dedication. Realizing the importance of dietetics and nutrition as a part of our faith, and aware of the extreme shortage of dietitians within our denomination, the Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association undertook the production of this film. Its main objectives are to recruit young men and women who are in search of a satisfying and worthwhile career, and to acquaint our members with the role of the dietitian. Already the association has received much recognition by educators, career guidance leaders, officers of the American Dietetic Association, and many others, for this outstanding contribution to the profession of dietetics.

– “Dietetic Association Film,” Paul S. Damazo, Review and Herald, Vol. 134, No. 4, Jan. 24 1957, P. 23

* * *

The thirteenth annual SDA Dietetics Association meeting was held at Andrews University August 9-13, preceding the fiftieth annual American Dietetics Association convention in Chicago. Fifty-two Adventist dietitians were present. The program included tours of Battle Creek Health Center and Hinsdale Sanitarium as well as the library, the Ellen G. White vault, and the academy home economics facilities at Andrews University. Uppermost among business items were matters pertaining to the recruiting and training of more Adventist dietitians.

– “SDA Dietitians Convene,” Rose Budd, Review and Herald, Sept. 21, 1967, p. 22

* * *

A dietetics curriculum leading to a bachelor of science degree will be offered by the School of Health Related Professions beginning September, 1971, according to Ivor C. Woodward, PhD, dean of the school. Chairman of the department of nutrition in the School of Health Related Professions will be U. D. Register, PhD, professor of nutrition. Coordinator for dietetics education is Kathleen Zolber, PhD. … At the completion of the academic course work and the clinical experience, and on recommendation of the faculty, the student will be eligible to write the registration examination and to apply for membership in the American Dietetic Association. Under most current programs, a student must attend college for four years and spend a fifth year as a dietetic intern before he is eligible for membership in the American Dietetic Association. The four-year curriculum will accelerate the dietetics education program by combining the clinical experience with regular under graduate studies. … Dietetic programs are not new at Loma Linda University. The first class hygienic cooking and baking course began in 1908. The course evolved into a dietitians’ training course in 1922 and continued until 1928 when the name was changed to the School of Dietetics. The internship program was accredited by the American Dietetic Association in 1956. The School of Nutrition and Dietetics was incorporated into the School of Health in 1967 as the department of nutrition.

– “Dietetics program to be offered by SHRP beginning in 1972,” Scope, Mar.-Apr., 1971, p. 38

* * *

Ruth Little Carey, DI’33, recently contributed funds to provide an award of $500 a year to a dietetic student who is enrolled in the junior year of the baccalaureate program in the school of Allied Health Professions. This award is established for a five-year period. In addition to the dietetics student award, Dr. Carey also gave $1,000 a year for a two-year period to the dietetics research program. Dr. Carey was director of the School of Nutrition and Dietetics at Loma Linda University from 1954-1967. She is co-author of the recently published Vegetarian Cookery and one of the authors of Common Sense Nutrition, published by Pacific Press Publishing Association. For information on the award, write to Dr. Kathleen Zolber, Coordinator for Dietetics, School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda CA 92354.

– “Allied Health,”Scope, Vol. 9, No. 2, May-June 1972, p. 36

* * *

A $10,000 grant has been awarded Andrews University by [Adventist fake meat producer] Worthington Foods to aid in setting up a new coordinated undergraduate program (CUP) in dietetics. The program, which shortens the time required for students to finish their professional study, will begin next month for persons at the freshman, sophomore, and junior levels. “A unique feature of this new coordinated program will be the educational emphasis it places on the use of non-meat proteins,” said Dr. Patricia B. Mutch, program director and assistant professor of home economics at A.U. “With the rapidly increasing demand for vegetable protein foods, Worthington Foods readily agreed to support such an educational venture.” A coordinated undergraduate program in dietetics has also been set up at Loma Linda University… A.U. and L.L.U. are among only 25 schools in the United States where the CUP in dietetics has been approved by the American Dietetic Association. The coordinated undergraduate program allows students to complete the professional bachelor of science degree in dietetics within four years and at the same time attain eligibility for membership in the American Dietectic Association. Such membership is generally necessary for a dietitian to practice professionally, said Dr. Mutch. The traditional route to such membership has been a four-year college degree in foods, nutrition, or a similar curriculum, followed by an internship of six to twelve months. Adventist students often took internships at L.L.U., but with the start of the new coordinated programs, the internship plan there has been discontinued. Students still wanting to take the traditional five-year program may, of course, apply for internships at non-Adventist schools. Dr. Mutch noted that there is a need for more professional dietitians in Seventh-day Adventist institutions having food service facilities, as well as for nutrition educators and consultants. … “Considerable emphasis will also be placed on vegetable protein research in order to reinforce and expand the nutritionist’s knowledge in this area,” said Dr. Mutch.

– “Worthington Foods Awards $10,000 Grant Toward New Dietetics Program,” Lake Union Herald, Aug. 27, 1974, p. 3 & 6

* * *

The Baccalaureate degree program in dietetics at Loma Linda University was recently given a five-year approval by the American Dietetic Association, according to Kathleen Zolber, co-chairman of the department of dietetics. In this new shortened program, the student is eligible for membership in the American Dietetic Association upon completion of the Baccalaureate degree requirements and may write the ADA to qualify for registered dietitian status. This replaces the traditional four-year academic program plus 12-month internship training period.

– “Dietetics Program Wins Five-Year Approval,” Jerre K. Iversen, Adventist Review, Aug. 1, 1974, p. 24

* * *

Dr. Mutch noted that with both [Loma Linda and Andrews] universities now having A.D.A. approval for the new [coordinated undergraduate program], any Adventist young person wanting a career in dietetics will be able to receive the necessary general or specialized education within the context of the church’s educational system.

– “A New Program in Dietetics,” Lake Union Herald, July 2, 1974, p. 8-9

* * *

Nutritional Services has periodic openings for Registered Dietitians, Masters preferred. Wish to have names on file of those interested in being considered for positions when they become available. Send resume to Kathleen Zolber, Nutritional Services, LLUMC, Loma Linda, CA 92354.

– Gleaner, Feb. 18, 1980, p. 34

* * *

About six years ago the American Dietetic Association introduced the dietetic technician program nationwide because registered dietitans needed trained support personnel to help them putt out of the sandtrap of administrative duties. … According to the home economics department, which coordinates the dietetic technician program at [Walla Walla College], dietetic technicians are in demand across the country at both Adventist and non-Adventist hospitals. Furthermore, dietetic technicians can play an important role in community nutrition educational programs. Certainly Americans have never been more aware of or concerned about the foods they eat. The newest dietary guidelines recommended by the U.S. departments of agriculture and health and social services support the counsels of Ellen G. White written nearly a century ago in books like The Ministry of Healing… In the past few years vegetarian restaurants have sprouted up everywhere like dandelions on a summer lawn, and vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, proteins and fats have been making headlines on cereal boxes. The dietetic technician course seems to be tailor-made for Adventist young adults who want to help out in the nutritional aspect of the health ministry. … As a registered dietetian there are even greater opportunities for service and achievement. Kathleen K. Zolber, a [Walla Walla College] graduate who currently heads the dietary department at Loma Linda University Medical Center, was recently named president-elect of the American Dietetic Association. This is the first time an Adventist has achieved that honor. Technicians are also eligible for membership in the ADA, the professional organization that leads the field of nutrition today.

– “New Field in Dietetics Offers Job Opportunities for Graduates,” James L. Fly, The North Pacific Union Gleaner, Aug. 17, 1981, Vol. 76, No. 16, p. 10

* * *

If someone wished to know about Seventh-day Adventists, he might go first to a place like Loma Linda University, saying to himself: “If you want to know what a people are really like, you must go to see how they train their young people, to discover what things they think most important, to capture a taste of the distinctive atmosphere their campuses reveal. … He might ask Dr. A. Graham Maxwell, director of the Division of Religion, why he feels prospective doctors and nurses need to take religion courses at all levels of their study, and hear him respond that "all the ultimate questions of healing are openly Biblical.” … If our visitor walked up the hill to the School of Health, he would see a group of young men and women receive their specially prepared meals, part of the on-going nutritional studies that have made Loma Linda, according to Dr. U. D. Register, the place where “ the whole world looks … for leadership in research into…vegetable protein.” … Isn’t it time for us to give some thought to the important role Loma Linda University plays in the over-all outreach in which we all share as Adventists? When the Loma Linda University Offering is taken in your church Sabbath, April 19, remember, the university came to be because people like you had a vision of the role of medical evangelism in reaching the world. Only people like you can continue that vision, and see its completion when Jesus comes.”

–“A Vision to Reach the World,” The Atlantic Union Gleaner, April 18, 1975, p. 5-6

* * *

Do I have to take religion classes at Loma Linda University? Students in the bachelor’s degree program take 8 units of religion. These courses include a historical class “Adventist Heritage of Religion and Health,” an ethics class, “Christian Ethics in Health Care,” and an elective course, perhaps in the area of relationships such as marriage and family. … Classes in religion are part of the core curriculum in each of the University’s schools and programs. All students who choose to attend Loma Linda University make a commitment to conduct their lives in a manner that reflects their sense of responsibility for the honor and integrity of the University and themselves as members of its community.

Will I need to attend chapel as a student of Loma Linda University? Weekly chapels represent a critical dimension of the educational experience at Loma Linda University. By devoting one hour each week to a chapel program, the University is emphasizing the value it places on spiritual development, corporate worship, and community. In addition, the chapel programs provide a variety of opportunities for the entire University community to benefit from teaching that integrates faith and learning and to confront current issues and the implementation of faith in secular life.

– “Nutrition and Dietetics: Frequently Asked Questions,” Loma Linda University

* * *

9. THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST DIETETIC ASSOCIATION (SDADA)

At a recent meeting of Seventh-day Adventist dietitians to organize the Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association the following officers were chosen: President, Dr. Ruth Little, College of Medical Evangelists; secretary and treasurer, Avis Dixon, B.S., St. Helena Sanitarium; public relations officer, Paul S. Damazo, M.S., La Sierra College; associate public relations officer, Mrs. Alice Marsh, M.S., Emmanuel Missionary College. The officers and the charter members of the association voted to accept the following as immediate objectives of the Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association: 1. To uphold by precept and example the principles of healthful living given to the denomination by the Spirit of Prophecy. … The first national meeting of the Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association convened at the College of Medical Evangelists, Loma Linda Division, on Tuesday, December 28.

– “S.D.A. Dietetic Association Organized,” Paul S. Damazo, Northern Union Outlook, Vol. 18, No. 32, Jan. 4, 1955, p. 4

* * *

[This book] is based upon the most up-to-date, scientific knowledge available at the present time. And yet as you read its pages you will see that the principles of diet and health given to the Church decades ago by Ellen G. White are still basic.

– Everyday Nutrition for Your Family, edited by Lydia Sonnenberg, published by the Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association, 1961, Preface

***

It is rather common knowledge that Seventh-day Adventists are dedicated to the health principles which they profess. There is real conviction that those practices which are inimical to health, which contribute to disease, and which are known to shorten life do not glorify God. The Biblical admonition that the Christian glorify God in his body is fundamental in the health instructions and practices of Seventh-day Adventists. It is difficult to worship God or serve God in a body that is less than its optimum of health. We are told that the mind is the only avenue through which God can communicate His will to man. A healthy mind is dependent upon a healthy body. Thus we see the importance of a healthy body for a clear, keen intellect and a consistent and dynamic Christian life. Perhaps no single area of our health teachings is of greater significance than that of nutrition. For a consistent balance in our attitudes in matters of diet we draw from the counsel found in Ellen G. White’s highly esteemed volume, Ministry of Healing…

– Everyday Nutrition for Your Family, edited by Lydia Sonnenberg, published by the Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association, 1961, p. 14

* * *

Among the many kinds of diets eaten by mankind, two basic types exist – vegetarian and non-vegetarian. Vegetarian diets are of two kinds, the ‘pure’ vegetarian in which only plant foods are used, and the lacto-ovo-vegtarian in which milk and eggs, natural foods of animal origin, are included. The non-vegetarian or omnivorous diet also uses the flesh of animals, never designed by nature for food. Contrary to Western opinion, vast populations of the earth have lived for centuries on diets generally considered vegetarian, containing little or no foods of animal origin. Indeed, the inspired record of man’s original diet shows it to have consisted entirely of the products of plants – seeds, fleshy fruits and nuts (Gen. 1:29). After man’s disobedience the diet was modified by the addition of vegetables, the ‘herb’ (Gen. 3:18) or plant itself. A still later modification permitted the use of flesh as food when all plant life had been destroyed by the flood (Gen. 9:3, 4).

– Everyday Nutrition for Your Family, edited by Lydia Sonnenberg, published by the Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association, 1961, p. 130

* * *

[Ellen G. White’s] Counsels on Diet and Foods should be our textbook to obtain better health for our families.

– Everyday Nutrition for Your Family, edited by Lydia Sonnenberg, published by the Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association, 1961, p. 141

* * *

The Seventh-day Adventist dietitians are willing to assist as much as possible with health evangelism throughout the United States. Nine dietitians have agreed to serve as resource dietitians — one dietitian from each union in the United States. The General Conference, local unions, and home nutrition instructors have been informed of these appointments. … Those individuals planning health evangelism programs or other church health activities will want to work closely with the resource dietitians. In the book Testimonies to the Church, vol. 9, p. 112, Ellen G. White makes this statement: “Cooking schools are to be held. The people are to be taught how to prepare wholesome food. They are to be shown the need of discarding unhealthful foods… . The work of teaching the people how to prepare a dietary that is at once wholesome and appetizing is of the utmost importance.” The officers of the Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association feel it is the responsibility of professionally qualified Adventist dietitians to accept and respond to this challenge. Therefore, they have made definite plans to meet the following five objectives, which they list as their commitment to health evangelism action: 1. Organize a group of resource dietitians, one in each union, to assist in the coordinating of cooking schools and to serve as a consultant to home nutrition instructors, physicians, dietitians, and laymen. 2. Make available nutrition education materials of all kinds for use in evangelistic campaigns. 3. Establish workshops for dietitians in the methods of conducting home nutrition instructors’ training schools. 4. Provide support and encouragement to the home nutrition instructors and serve as consultants to them. 5. Present a positive Christian witness in healthful living in our own lives and characters.

– “Adventist Dietitians Organize for More Effective Service,” Southwestern Union Record, Aug. 23, 1975, p. 7-8

* * *

The SDA position on lipids, vegetarian diets for infants, children and teens, meat analogs, fellowship dinners, beverages (caffeinated and non-caffeinated, herb and soft drinks) was discussed during the second annual North American Division Nutrition Council, held February 22 to 24, 1989, in Loma Linda. Comprised primarly of nutrition specialists, the Council reviews scientific literature, nutrition education programs, and examines current trends and issues in nutrition. The Council evaluates this information in order to provide practical guidance in harmony with the special counsel available to the Seventh-day Adventist Church. At the February meeting, Patricia Johnston, DrPH, MS, RD, explains that “our primary objective at this meeting was to finalize the development of a position paper on lipids. We also discussed other position papers that will be developed in the future, and other topics such as … state laws and their impact on dissemination of nutrition information.” The Council will meet again in October, 1989, in conjunction with the American Dietetic Association and the SDA Dietetic Association meetings. Delegates from Loma Linda University Schools of Public Health and Allied health Professions, the General Conference of SDA, meat analog manufacturers, and nutrition educators from other SDA academies and colleges attended the February meetings.

– Today, Mar. 22, 1989, Vol. 2, No. 6, p. 5

* * *

The SDADA has been in practice for 49 years. During this time many changes have occurred in the field of dietetics and nutrition. Attitudes toward vegetarianism have changed from the negative to the positive. … Nutrition has always been important, especially for us as Adventists. Since 1860 we have known of the importance of a well-balanced diet, nutritious food and healthy lifestyles. But today, the world community is not only listening, but also putting into practice what we have been trying to say for 150 years. There is still a big challenge for us as SDA Dietitians because our churches are reaching out to their communities and need our support and direction to do so. … In closing, I will say like the President of the United States always says when he closes the state of the union address: ‘May God bless each of you and may God bless’ the SDADA.

– SDADA News, Winter 2003, Vol. 30, Issue 4

* * *

SDADA is 55 years old and it appears many Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) dietitians to take it for granted. Hasn’t it always been there? Won’t it always be? There was a time when SDADA did not exist, but it was greatly needed. The large profession looked askance at SDA dietitians for their “substandard” vegetarian diet emphasis. Since the Bible records that the original diet God provided for humans was vegetarian, SDA dietitians had the fortitude to maintain their position when the larger profession did not see the importance. In this climate, SDA dietitians felt the need to organize their efforts to get out the good nutrition word and to encourage SDA students to enter the dietetics profession. Early in 1954, SDA dietitians, centered around the College of Medical Evangelists (CME)/ Loma Linda University and Glendale, CA, acted to meet this need. They were able to convince the president of CME to write to the General Conference (GC) medical director requesting that dietitians be invited to attend the GC Medical Department pre-meetings before the San Francisco GC session. The invitation did come, and in May, nine dietitians gathered at Glendale Sanitarium and Hospital to lay plans, forming recommendations to further the cause of nutrition and dietetics. Following the General Conference Session, the International Nutrition Research Foundation of the Loma Linda Food Company at La Sierra sponsored a Nutrition and Food Service Convention (June 7-10, 1954) and invited people from the world field to attend. Room and board were free to attendees. Each day dietitians from hospitals and schools met in what little time periods they could find between the scheduled meetings to discuss their mutual interest in promoting vegetarian nutrition and influencing SDA students to make dietetics their career choice. These 15 dietetics leaders saw the need for an organized approach and voted the new organization into existence with officers (Clinton Wall as president, Ruth Little, Avis Dixson, Paul Damazo, Alice Marsh) and a committee to prepare a constitution and by-laws. … To be a member in SDADA, you first had to hold membership with the ADA by paying yearly dues of $5.00. ADA was relatively simple: no RD or KD category, no specialty DPGs. There was a real need for a professional group to champion the vegetarian cause, and SDADA dietitians took on the challenge which required funding. Paul Damazo and Clinton Wall did such things as put up their own (old) cars as collateral for loans to get some of the fledgling organization’s plans off the ground. Everyone involved worked and the five committees – Administration, Community Education, Diet Therapy, Professional Education, Publications – produced. In the first three years they published many educational materials including pamphlets, manuals, recruitment slides and scripts, posters, and articles in denomination periodicals. They began the Dietitian’s Digest (SDADA official organ) and furnished the materials for the Food Service Director’s Bulletin which the Medical Department of the GC published. Vegetarian recipes went public. They produced the first ever color motion picture (30 minutes) on ADA dietetics as a career, “Service of Love.” The American Dietetic Association showed this film twice during the national convention in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It went on to many universities and state association meetings, not to mention SDA colleges and academies. This motion picture had a major positive influence on the dietetic profession in favor of SDA dietitians. In the next three years the SDADA’s book Everyday Nutrition appeared on the market, followed later with About Nutrition. The SDADA Diet Manual was published. Many more educational pamphlets, nutrition correspondence lessons, lecture visual aides, career guidance material and articles were produced. SDADA shared the GC Medical Department booth at the Atlantic City Youth Congress and distributed 8,000 items. … Today a plant based diet is “open territory” for professional advancement. We are on the verge of tremendous new strides as research proves the efficacy of the vegetarian diet. But with the world of dietetics moving to our way of living, let us not think that our work is done. Because of our background and experience, SDA dietitians are uniquely equipped to lead the move toward a plant based diet. We must share our advantage. As in the early years, our organization’s need for loyal, supportive dietitians is as great as ever. Individually, we should become involved in SDADA to give it strength. Then SDADA can be a more effective corporate voice and in turn can enhance our individual efforts. This is the time to stand tall and stand together as we concentrate our energies to promote the dietary message we have always proclaimed.

– “Our History,” Seventh-day Adventist Dietetic Association

* * *

Today Americans sit down to breakfast on dry cereals and various meatless frozen or canned entrees developed directly from grain and soy sources, thus bypassing the need for eating flesh foods. These foods were first developed in Adventist healthcare institutions and food factories. Health conscious people of today and those entering the new millennium are demanding a greater understanding of the health and hygienic principles, many of which were either first taught by Seventh-day Adventists or gleaned from the great variety of teachings that have emerged from the past two centuries. Even in the United States Dietary Guidelines 2005, greater use of whole grains, soybeans, and other legumes are recommended for protein, and the greatest emphasis is placed on plant based foods. … The uniqueness of the Seventh-day Adventist health principles is they were far ahead of their times.

– “The Seventh-day Adventist Health Message”

* * *

In recent years public perceptions of vegetarianism have shifted, and the Adventist Church has been at the forefront of this. Dr Mervyn Hardinge, at the third International Congress on Vegetarian Nutrition, in 1997, summarised this metamorphosis as, first, ridicule; second, tolerance; third, acceptance; and, finally, acclaim.

– “The Adventist Health Impact,” Record, Apr. 29, 2000, p. 10

* * *

The rest of this series will look at those who have authored and reviewed the American Dietetic Association position papers on a vegetarian diet.