LONDON — In a bid to re-energize his election campaign, Jeremy Corbyn, the leader of Britain’s Labour Party, unveiled the party’s most left-wing agenda in a generation on Thursday, vowing to tax the wealthy to renationalize large parts of the country’s utilities and railways, reduce carbon emissions, and pay for better health care and schools.

For all the focus on Brexit in the lead-up to the election next month, the release of Labour’s manifesto was a reminder of the yawning ideological gap between Britain’s two main parties. Heeding calls from Labour activists to embrace a more radical plan than it did in the 2017 race, Mr. Corbyn significantly increased Labour’s taxing, borrowing and spending goals.

Analysts said he was bargaining that anger at a decade of austerity, stagnating wages, unaffordable housing and the rising toll of climate change would motivate voters to kick out the Conservatives after nine years in government. While publicizing the plan in Birmingham, Mr. Corbyn said he welcomed the ire of Britain’s political establishment.

“I accept the opposition of the billionaires, because we will make those at the top pay their fair share of tax to help fund world class public services for you — that’s real change,” Mr. Corbyn said. He called his proposal “the most radical and ambitious plan to transform our country in decades.”