J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. hired friends and family members of executives at three-quarters of the major Chinese companies it took public in Hong Kong during a decadelong boom in Chinese IPOs, according to a document compiled by the bank as part of a federal bribery investigation.

The document was prepared by J.P. Morgan to be submitted to U.S. investigators in April, according to a person familiar with it, and analyzed by The Wall Street Journal. It lists 222 candidates hired by the bank under a program known internally as “Sons...