This morning’s key headlines from GenerationalDynamics.com

U.S. court seizes Socialist Venezuela’s Citgo as compensation for mine nationalization

Argentina’s peso collapses after central bank raises interest rate to 60 percent

Turkey and Argentina lead the world’s developing countries in falling currencies

U.S. court seizes Socialist Venezuela’s Citgo as compensation for mine nationalization



The Citgo sign has been a Boston landmark since its Cities Service predecessor sign was erected in 1940 (Boston Globe)

A U.S. court has awarded Citgo, the Houston, Texas, based subsidiary of Venezuela’s nationalized state-owned oil company Petróleos de Venezuela S.A. (PDVSA), to the Canadian mining firm Crystallex.

Allowing Crystallex to seize Citgo gives the mining company a kind of revenge against the socialist government of Venezuela. In 2008, when Hugo Chávez was running Venezuela, Chávez ordered the seizure and nationalization of Las Cristales, the local mining operation run by Crystallex.

In 2016, a World Bank arbitration tribunal awarded Crystallex $1.2 billion plus $200 in interest, totaling $1.4 billion, which is the amount that a U.S. court judge is ordering Venezuela to pay to Crystallex. In lieu of that payment, the judge has awarded Citgo to Crystallex.

Citgo is valued at $8 billion, a lot more than the amount owed to Crystallex. However, another nationalized state-owned oil company, Russia’s Rosneft, claims that it owns 49.9 percent of Citgo. Rosneft received the stake in Citgo in 2016 as collateral for a $1.5 billion loan to Venezuela. Rosneft is asking the judge to split up Citgo into pieces, rather award the whole thing to Crystallex. Venezuelanalysis and OilPrice.com and Mining.com and Reuters and Boston Globe

Argentina’s peso collapses after central bank raises interest rate to 60 percent

As we reported in June, Argentina was forced to beg the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for a $50 billion loan to prevent the country from going bankrupt. The IMF is extremely unpopular in Argentina since the people blame the IMF for causing a major economic crisis in 2000, when the IMF pulled the plug on another loan because Argentina was failing to live up to the austerity commitments it made as a condition for receiving the loan.

Argentina is heavily in debt, having gone on a spending spree the last decade. Since it is now impossible for Argentina to pay its debts, the value of the peso has been falling continually against the dollar all year. When the IMF agreed to loan the $50 billion in June, it was hoped that the value of the peso would stabilize, but it has not. People have been selling their Argentina bonds, denominated in pesos, for U.S. dollars to prevent personal losses, which has caused the peso to fall.

On Thursday, the government increased its astronomical 45 percent interest rate to an even more astronomical 60 percent interest rate in the hope that investors would stop selling bonds, since they could get 60 percent interest. Furthermore, President Mauricio Macri announced that he was going to ask the IMF to provide the $60 billion loan earlier than had been previously agreed. Macri had hoped that these two announcements would stabilize the peso.

Instead, investors seemed to have decided that the government was desperate and panicking, so the peso ended the day down an additional 12 percent against the dollar.

IMF managing director Christine Lagarde says that revisions to the timeline for the loan are being considered favorably because of “the more adverse international market conditions, which had not been fully anticipated in the original program.”

She added: “I am confident that the strong commitment and determination of the Argentine authorities will be critical in steering Argentina through the current difficult circumstances, and will ultimately strengthen the economy for the benefit of all Argentines.” CNBC and NPR and Forbes

Turkey and Argentina lead the world’s developing countries in falling currencies

Turkey’s lira currency fell another 4 percent against the dollar on Thursday, totaling 40 percent since the beginning of the year. Thursday’s loss was triggered by reports that a Turkish central bank deputy governor is about to resign.

Like many countries, Turkey is deeply in dollar-denominated debt that it cannot repay, and investors holding Turkish lira are exchanging them for dollars to preserve value. However, as we reported earlier this month, Turkey’s economic problems are exacerbated by President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, who says that interest rates are “evil” and who believes that lower interest rates cause lower inflation, which is the opposite of the case, and who is imposing his delusional economic theories on the central bank. No wonder a central bank government may resign.

When we say that Turkey’s lira currency has fallen 40 percent against the dollar, we can say it a different way: that the value of the dollar has been rising against Turkey’s currency, as well as other national currencies.

Developing country currencies have been particularly hard hit by the strengthening dollar. Many of them have borrowed heavily in dollar-denominated loans, which they cannot repay with their weaker currencies.

The following table shows the amount that different emerging country currencies have fallen against the dollar this year:

Argentine peso -53.9%

Turkish lira -43.5%

Brazilian real -20.2%

South African rand -16.1%

Russian ruble -15.6%

Indian rupee -9.7%

Chilean peso -9.3%

Hungarian forint -7.7%

Indonesian rupiah -7.6%

Philippine peso -6.6%

Polish zloty -5.6%

The United States has one of the worst borrowing and spending records in the world, but so far investors have nt punished us for this. When investors decide to do that, it will not be pretty. CNBC and Bloomberg and Daily Express (London)

Related articles:

KEYS: Generational Dynamics, Venezuela, Hugo Chávez, Nicolás Maduro, Petróleos de Venezuela S.A., PDVSA, Citgo, Crystallex, Las Cristales, Russia, Rosneft, Argentina, Mauricio Macri, International Monetary Fund, IMF, Christine Lagarde Turkey, Recep Tayyip Erdogan

Permanent web link to this article

Receive daily World View columns by e-mail