It was, you might think, a long time ago in a different century.

It was the spring of 1990.

At the National Theatre, The Trackers of Oxyrhynchus, partly based on the work of the Classical Greek dramatist Sophocles, had just opened.

But to get to their refined entertainment, the theatre goers had to pick their way past an unsightly collection of cartons, makeshift braziers and desperate, homeless people – Cardboard City, they called it, in the shadows around Waterloo Bridge.

In the capital, and in other cities, the streets were becoming pockmarked by what some saw as the casualties of Thatcher’s Britain, the rough sleepers.

In April 1990 a new socially conscious band, The Levellers, had referenced the mounting homelessness crisis with the track Cardboard City, on their debut album A Weapon Called The Word.

Even at the National, there was no escape – the playwright Tony Harrison had peppered his new play with reference to the homeless sleeping a stone’s throw away from the stage door.

Cardboard City, as The Independent later observed, had become “a recurrent symbol of heartlessness”.

And one man was determined to challenge Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher about it: an obscure, allegedly scruffy backbench MP called Jeremy Corbyn.

On May 8 1990, 28 years ago on Tuesday, the 40-year-old Islington North Labour MP rose in the House of Commons – on the other side of the river from Cardboard City - and asked the prime minister what plans she had to alleviate homelessness in London.

His hair was less grey then, but his suit was equally brown. There was no tie.

Mrs Thatcher was in Iron Lady armour of power suit and shoulder pads.

She reeled off the statistics: “Additional allocations of £88m to London boroughs in 1990–91 to relieve homelessness … £45m-worth of schemes to help the homeless … increasing to £2m the support that we give to voluntary organisations who help and advise the homeless.”

The causes of homelessness Show all 7 1 /7 The causes of homelessness The causes of homelessness Family Breakdown Relationship breakdown, usually between young people and their parents or step-parents, is a major cause of youth homelessness. Around six in ten young people who come to Centrepoint say they had to leave home because of arguments, relationship breakdown or being told to leave. Many have experienced long-term problems at home, often involving violence, leaving them without the family support networks that most of us take for granted The causes of homelessness Complex needs Young people who come to Centrepoint face a range of different and complex problems. More than a third have a mental health issue, such as depression and anxiety, another third need to tackle issues with substance misuse. A similar proportion also need to improve their physical health. These problems often overlap, making it more difficult for young people to access help and increasing the chances of them becoming homeless Getty/iStock The causes of homelessness Deprivation Young people's chances of having to leave home are higher in areas of high deprivation and poor prospects for employment and education. Many of those who experience long spells of poverty can get into problem debt, which makes it harder for them to access housing Getty Images/iStockphoto The causes of homelessness Gang Crime Homeless young people are often affected by gang-related problems. In some cases, it becomes too dangerous to stay in their local area meaning they can end up homeless. One in six young people at Centrepoint have been involved in or affected by gang crime Getty Images/iStockphoto The causes of homelessness Exclusion From School Not being in education can make it much more difficult for young people to access help with problems at home or health problems. Missing out on formal education can also make it more difficult for them to move into work Getty Images/iStockphoto The causes of homelessness Leaving Care Almost a quarter of young people at Centrepoint have been in care. They often have little choice but to deal with the challenges and responsibilities of living independently at a young age. Traumas faced in their early lives make care leavers some of the most vulnerable young people in our communities, with higher chances of poor outcomes in education, employment and housing. Their additional needs mean they require a higher level of support to maintain their accommodation Getty Images/iStockphoto The causes of homelessness Refugees Around 13 per cent of young people at Centrepoint are refugees or have leave to remain, meaning it isn't safe to return home. This includes young people who come to the UK as unaccompanied minors, fleeing violence or persecution in their own country. After being granted asylum, young people sometimes find themselves with nowhere to go and can end up homeless Getty Images/iStockphoto

Mr Corbyn remained indignant.

“Will the Prime Minister accept,” he demanded, “That, 10 years ago, in 1979, there were 2,750 households in temporary accommodation in London; that the current figure is over 25,000 and that a further 2,000 people are sleeping on the streets?

“When her Government asked local authorities what resources they required to deal with the homeless problem in London,” he added, “they asked for at least £480m. They were given less than one sixth of what they wanted.

“Does she agree that, when people sleep on the streets of our capital city, when people are charged exorbitant rents and when children are brought up in bed-in-breakfast hotels, it is a disgrace to a civilised country?”

Mrs Thatcher appeared unmoved by the indignation, or by the chorus of "Hear, hear".

She removed her spectacles, and glared at Mr Corbyn as she gave her answer – which, funnily enough, quoted statistics from Islington.

“The honourable gentleman,” she said, “will also be aware that a considerable number of council properties are empty which, if they were brought into use more quickly, could reduce the number of homeless. For example, in Islington, there are 1,162 empty properties. If the properties were turned around much more quickly, that would make a great contribution to relieving homelessness.”

Mr Corbyn’s fellow Labour left-winger Tony Banks did manage to suggest that four out of five of these supposedly empty “council” properties were in fact in the hands of private landlords, and thus beyond the control of Mr Corbyn or any local authority.

But then the Speaker called for order, so loyal Tory backbencher Sir George Young could suggest that homelessness in London would be tackled more effectively now the Conservatives had gained control of Ealing Council.

As it happened, homelessness in England climbed remorselessly to a peak of 135,420 households accepted as statutory homeless in 2003-4.

The statutory homeless figure fell to a low of 40,020 in 2009-10, but since then it has been creeping upwards again, with the after-effects of the 2008-9 financial crisis under Labour and austerity politics under the Conservatives being cited as reasons.

In January 2018 official government figures showed that the number of people sleeping rough in England had doubled since 2010.

John Bird, who founded the Big Issue magazine to help combat the homelessness crisis of the early 1990s, has expressed fears that Britain is “heading almost inexorably” towards a return to a situation as bad as it was in those “desperate” times.

Mr Corbyn remains indignant about homelessness, and continues to call it a disgrace.

Ms Thatcher fell from power six months after her Commons clash with Mr Corbyn, ousted by her own MPs in a dispute over Europe.