Bedford, R., Gliga, T., Frame, K., Hudry, K., Chandler, S., Johnson, M. H., et al. (2012). Failure to learn from feedback underlies word learning. Journal of Child Language, 40(1), 29–46.

Bishop, S. L., Guthrie, W., Coffing, M., & Lord, C. (2011). Convergent validity of the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and the Differential Ability Scales in children with autism spectrum disorders. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 116(5), 331–343.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2012). Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders—autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, United States, 2008. Morbidity Weekly Report (MMWR); Vol. 61(3).

Charman, T., Drew, A., Baird, C., & Baird, G. (2003). Measuring early language development in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder using the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory (infant form). Journal of Child Language, 30, 213–236.

Constantino, J. N., & Gruber, C. P. (2005). Social responsiveness scale (SRS). Los Angeles, CA, USA: Western Psychological Services.

Dawson, G., Rogers, S., Munson, J., Smith, M., Winter, J., Greenson, J., et al. (2010). Randomized, controlled trial of an intervention for toddlers with autism: The early start Denver model. Pediatrics, 125, e17–e23.

de Bildt, A., Oosterling, I. J., van Lang, N. D., Sytema, S., Minderaa, R. B., van Engeland, H., et al. (2011). Standardized ADOS scores: Measuring severity of autism spectrum disorders in a Dutch sample. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(3), 311–319.

Ellis Weismer, S., Lord, C., & Esler, A. (2010). Early language patterns of toddlers on the autism spectrum compared to toddlers with developmental delay. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40(10), 1259–1273.

Gilliam, J. E. (2006). Gilliam autism rating scale (2nd ed.). Austin: ProEd.

Gotham, K., Pickles, A., & Lord, C. (2009). Standardizing ADOS scores for a measure of severity in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39(5), 693–705.

Gotham, K., Pickles, A., & Lord, C. (2012). Trajectories of autism severity in children using standardized ADOS scores. Pediatrics, 130(5), e1278–e1284.

Gotham, K., Risi, S., Pickles, A., & Lord, C. (2007). The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule: Revised algorithms for improved diagnostic validity. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(4), 613–627.

Green, J., Charman, T., McConachie, H., Aldred, C., Slonims, V., & Howlin, P. (2010). The PACT consortium. Lancet, 375, 2152–2160.

Howlin, P., Goode, S., Hutton, J., & Rutter, M. (2004). Adult outcome for children with autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45(2), 212–229.

Hus, V., Gotham, K., & Lord, C. (in press). Standardizing ADOS domain scores: Separating severity of social affect and restricted and repetitive behaviors. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. doi:10.1007/s10803-012-1719-1.

IBM Corp. Released. (2012). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY, USA: IBM Corp.

Jones, L. A., & Campbell, J. M. (2010). Clinical characteristics associated with language regression for children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40(1), 54–62.

Kanne, S. M., Gerber, A. J., Quirmbach, L. M., Sparrow, S. S., Cicchetti, D. V., & Saulnier, C. A. (2011). The role of adaptive behavior in autism spectrum disorders: Implications for functional outcome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41, 1007–1018.

Kim, S. H., & Lord, C. (2010). Restricted and repetitive behaviors in toddlers and preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders based on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). Autism Research, 3(4), 162–173.

Kover, S. T., McDuffie, A. S., Hagerman, R. J., & Abbeduto, L. (2013). Receptive vocabulary in boys with autism spectrum disorder: Cross-sectional developmental trajectories. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. doi:10.1007/s10803-013-1823-x.

Lord, C., Luyster, R. J., Gotham, K., & Guthrie, W. (2012a). Autism diagnostic observation schedule, second edition (ADOS-2) manual (Part II): Toddler module. Torrance, CA, USA: Western Psychological Services.

Lord, C., Luyster, R., Guthrie, W., & Pickles, A. (2012b). Patterns of developmental trajectories in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 80(3), 477–489.

Lord, C., Rutter, M., DiLavore, P. C., & Risi, S. (2002). Autism diagnostic observation schedule manual. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services.

Lord, C., Rutter, M., DiLavore, P. C., Risi, S., Gotham, K., & Bishop, S. L. (2012c). Autism diagnostic observation schedule, second edition (ADOS-2) manual (Part I): Modules 1-4. Torrance, CA, USA: Western Psychological Services.

Lovaas, O. I. (1987). Behavioral treatment and normal educational and intellectual functioning in young autistic children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55, 3–9.

Luyster, R., Gotham, K., Guthrie, W., Coffing, M., Petrak, R., Pierce, K., et al. (2009). The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule—Toddler Module: A new module of a standardized diagnostic measure for autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39(9), 1305–1320.

McGregor, K. K., & Bean, A. (2012). How children with autism extend new words. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 55, 70–83.

Meilleur, A. A., & Fombonne, E. (2009). Regression of language and non-language skills in pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 53(2), 115–124.

Mullen, E. M. (1995). Mullen scales of early learning (AGS ed.). Circle Pines, MN, USA: American Guidance Service Inc.

Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998-2011). Mplus user’s guide (6th ed.). Los Angeles, CA, USA: Muthén & Muthén.

Muthén, B., & Muthén, L. K. (2000). Integrating person-centered and variable-centered analyses: Growth mixture modeling with latent trajectory classes. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, 24(6), 882–891.

Raudenbush, S. W., Bryk, A. S., & Congdon, R. (2010). HLM (Version 7.0). [Computer software]. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software International, Inc.

Ray-Subramanian, C. E., & Ellis Weismer, S. (2012). Receptive and expressive language as predictors of restricted and repetitive behaviors in young children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42(10), 2113–2120.

Ray-Subramanian, C. E., Huai, N., & Weismer, S. E. (2011). Brief report: Adaptive behavior and cognitive skills for toddlers on the autism spectrum. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(5), 679–684.

Rogers, S. J. (2004). Developmental regression in autism spectrum disorders. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 10(2), 139–143.

Romberg, A. R., & Saffran, J. R. (2010). Statistical learning and language acquisition. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 1(6), 906–914.

Rutter, M., Bailey, A., & Lord, C. (2003a). The social communication questionnaire: Manual. Los Angeles, CA, USA: Western Psychological Services.

Rutter, M., LeCouteur, A., & Lord, C. (2003b). Autism diagnostic interview-revised. Los Angeles, CA, USA: Western Psychological Services.

Schopler, E., Reichler, R., & Renner, B. (1986). The childhood autism rating scale (CARS) for diagnostic screening and classification of autism. Diagnosis and teaching curricula for autism and developmental disabilities series. New York, NY, USA: Irvington.

Schopler, E., Van Bourgondien, M. E., Wellman, G. J., & Love, S. R. (2010). Childhood autism rating scale (2nd ed.). Los Angeles, CA, USA: Western Psychological Services.

Shumway, S., Farmer, C., Thurm, A., Joseph, L., Black, D., & Golden, C. (2012). The ADOS calibrated severity score: Relationship to phenotypic variables and stability over time. Autism Research, 5(4), 267–276.

Shumway, S., Thurm, A., Swedo, S. E., Deprey, L., Barnett, L. A., Amaral, D. G., et al. (2011). Brief report: Symptom onset patterns and functional outcomes in young children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(12), 1727–1732.

Sparrow, S., Cicchetti, D. V., & Balla, D. (2005). Vineland-II adaptive behavior scales. Circle Pines, MN, USA: American Guidance Service.

Venker, C. E., Eernisse, E. R., Saffran, J. R., & Ellis Weismer, S. (2013). Individual differences in the real-time comprehension of children with ASD. Autism Research. doi:10.1002/aur.1304.

Volden, J., Smith, I. M., Szatmari, P., Bryson, S., Fombonne, E., Mirenda, P., et al. (2011). Using the Preschool Language Scale to characterize language in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 20(3), 200–208.

Yoder, P., & Stone, W. L. (2006). Randomized comparison of two communication interventions for preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74, 426–435.