Aid organisations assess damage left by earthquake in Indonesia’s Aceh province that killed at least 102 people.

Humanitarian organisations have descended on Indonesia’s Aceh province as the government in Jakarta promised tonnes of emergency aid and officials raced to assess the full extent of damage from an earthquake that killed more than 100 people.

Thursday’s search efforts involving volunteers and nearly 1,500 rescue personnel were concentrated on the hard-hit town of Meureudu in Pidie Jaya district near the epicentre of the magnitude 6.5 earthquake that hit just before dawn on Wednesday. Humanitarian assessment teams were fanning out to other areas of the district.

National Disaster Mitigation Agency spokesman Sutopo Purwo Nugroho said the death toll had risen to 102 and warned the figure could increase.

Search teams were using devices that detect mobile phone signals with a 100-metre radius to help guide their efforts as they scoured the rubble, he said. Aceh’s disaster mitigation agency said more than 600 people were injured.

Al Jazeera’s Step Vaessen, reporting from Pidie Jaya, said “the excavation is going around the clock here”, adding that people are “traumatised and scare”.

She added that many people “are camping outside with their children” and others “are injured [and] need medical aid”.

Those killed included very young children and the elderly. Mohammad Jafar, 60, said his daughter, granddaughter and grandson died in the quake but he was resigned to it as “God’s will.”

He was getting ready for morning prayers when the earthquake hit. He said he and his wife managed to push their way out through the debris.

Thousands of people have been rendered homeless or afraid to return to their homes. Officials in Aceh said more than 8,000 people spent Wednesday night in shelters in Pidie Jaya district alone.

Killer quakes occur regularly in the region, where many live with the terrifying memory of a giant December 26, 2004, earthquake that struck off Sumatra. The magnitude 9.1 quake triggered a devastating tsunami that killed more than 100,000 Acehnese.

The Indonesian government said urgent aid would be flown out of Jakarta on Thursday afternoon and will include 10 generators, tents, folding beds, baby supplies and body bags.

The military is setting up an emergency field hospital and sending two dozen doctors, and the Health Ministry is deploying a medical team and sending medicines. The Red Cross sent aid such as water trucks on Wednesday and humanitarian group CARE is leading an assessment team of four international aid groups to avoid duplication of efforts.

“Every aid and civil society organisation is piling into the area with as many boxes of rice, instant noodles, blankets and other aid as they can shift,” said Paul Dillon, a spokesman for the International Organization for Migration, which has an assessment team in northern Aceh.

Rescue teams use heavy equipment to dig through a collapsed building following a strong earthquake [Darren Whiteside/Reuters]

It will take at least two more days before there’s a fuller picture of how many people are displaced and the relief effort required, he said.

The US Geological Survey said the earthquake was centered about 19km southeast of Sigli, a town near the northern tip of Sumatra, at a depth of 17km. The agency had initially placed the epicentre undersea. It did not generate a tsunami.

As of Thursday morning, some 36 aftershocks had rattled the area.

The world’s largest archipelago, Indonesia is prone to earthquakes due to its location on the Pacific “Ring of Fire,” an arc of volcanoes and fault lines in the Pacific Basin.The 2004 quake and tsunami killed a total of 230,000 people in a dozen countries, most of them in Aceh.

‘Really scared’

John Ebel, professor of earth and environmental sciences at Boston College, said there is a risk that even weak aftershocks could cause further damage to buildings, particularly because modern building codes aren’t consistently enforced in Indonesia.

Scores of rescuers crawled over a market in Meureudu, the hard-hit town, where many shop houses collapsed.

READ MORE: Scores killed in Indonesian earthquake

One shop owner, Hajj Yusri Abdullah, didn’t hold out much hope of finding survivors. He said nearly two dozen bodies were pulled from the market debris the day before. They included a group of eight made up of a newlywed couple and family members holding an ornate celebration known as Antar Dara Baro.

Siti Rukiah, a mother of four, was among the many people who took refuge for the night in local mosques. She and about 100 other people from Pante Raja, a seaside village, fled to Nur Abdullah Mosque located on higher ground in a nearby hamlet.

She said the quake felt so powerful she had to grab on to a table to keep from falling down. She was sure a tsunami was coming.

“I’m really scared about a tsunami,” said Rukiah, whose brother and neighbours died in the 2004 disaster.

She said she didn’t want to return home “not only because my house is damaged, but I am still afraid an aftershock could cause a tsunami”.

The national disaster agency said nearly 600 buildings were severely damaged or destroyed in the districts of Pidie Jaya, Pidie and Bireun. Most were shop houses or dwellings but mosques, a hospital, boarding schools and a shopping centre also sustained damage. Roads also cracked and power poles toppled over.