



Quick Facts About Bihar Elections 2015

Parliamentary Constituencies 40 Assembly Constituencies 243 Ruling Party Janata Dal (United) and Alliance Opposition Party Bharatiya Janata Party Chief Minister Nitish Kumar Governor Lalji Tandon Chief Electoral Officer Ajay V Nayak CEO Address 7, Sardar Patel Marg (Mangles Road), Patna, Bihar.









Bihar Election Results 2015 Summary

About Bihar Elections History





Administrative Structure of Bihar





Bihar State Assembly Election Results

Bihar Bye Election Results 2014





Bihar Legislative Council





Bihar Major Political Parties





1. Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha 2. Bajjikanchal Vikas Party 3. Jai Jawan Jai Kisan Mazdoor Congress 4. Janata Party 5. Republican Party of India

List of Chief Ministers of Bihar

S. No. Name of Governors From To 1 Nitish Kumar Nov 20, 2015 Incumbent JD(U) 2 Nitish Kumar Feb 22, 2015 Nov 20, 2015 JD(U) 3 Jitan Ram Manjhi May 20, 2014 Feb 22, 2015 JD(U) 4 Nitish Kumar Nov 24, 2005 May 19, 2014 JD(U) President's rule Mar 7, 2005 Nov 24, 2005 5 Rabri Devi Mar 11, 2000 Mar 6, 2005 RJD 6 Nitish Kumar Mar 3, 2000 Mar 10, 2000 JD(U) 7 Rabri Devi Mar 9, 1999 Mar 2, 2000 RJD President's rule Feb 11, 1999 Mar 9, 1999 8 Rabri Devi Jul 25, 1997 Feb 11, 1999 RJD 9 Lalu Prasad Yadav Apr 4, 1995 Jul 25, 1997 JD, RJD 10 President's rule Mar 28, 1995 Apr 4, 1995 11 Lalu Prasad Yadav Mar 10, 1990 Mar 28, 1995 JD 12 Jagannath Mishra Dec 6, 1989 Mar 10, 1990 INC (I) 13 Satyendra Narayan Sinha Mar 11, 1989 Dec 6, 1989 INC (I) 14 Bhagwat Jha Azad Feb 14, 1988 Mar 10, 1989 INC (I) 15 Bindeshwari Dubey Mar 12, 1985 Feb 13, 1988 INC (I) 16 Chandrashekhar Singh Aug 14, 1983 Mar 12, 1985 INC (I) 17 Jagannath Mishra Jun 8, 1980 Aug 14, 1983 INC (I) President's rule Feb 17, 1980 Jun 8, 1980 N/A 18 Ram Sundar Das Apr 21, 1979 Feb 17, 1980 JNP 19 Karpoori Thakur Jun 24, 1977 Apr 21, 1979 JNP 20 President's rule Apr 30, 1977 Jun 24, 1977 N/A 21 Jagannath Mishra Apr 11, 1975 Apr 30, 1977 INC 22 Abdul Ghafoor Jul 2, 1973 Apr 11, 1975 INC 23 Kedar Pandey Mar 19, 1972 Jul 2, 1973 INC President's rule Jan 9, 1972 Mar 19, 1972 N/A 24 Bhola Paswan Shastri Jun 2, 1971 Jan 9, 1972 INC 25 Karpoori Thakur Dec 22, 1970 Jun 2, 1971 Socialist Party 26 Daroga Prasad Rai Feb 16, 1970 Dec 22, 1970 INC President's rule Jul 6, 1969 Feb 16, 1970 N/A 27 Bhola Paswan Shastri Jun 22, 1969 Jul 4, 1969 INC (O) 28 Harihar Singh Feb 26, 1969 Jun 22, 1969 INC President's rule Jun 29, 1968 Feb 26, 1969 N/A 29 Bhola Paswan Shastri Mar 22, 1968 Jun 29, 1968 INC (O) 30 B. P. Mandal Feb 1, 1968 Mar 2, 1968 INC 31 Satish Prasad Singh Jan 28, 1968 Feb 1, 1968 INC 32 Mahamaya Prasad Sinha Mar 5, 1967 Jan 28, 1968 JKD 33 K. B. Sahay Oct 2, 1963 Mar 5, 1967 INC 34 Binodanand Jha Feb 18, 1961 Oct 2, 1963 INC 35 Deep Narayan Singh Feb 1, 1961 Feb 18, 1961 INC 36 Krishna Singh Apr 2, 1946 Jan 31, 1961 INC





List of Governors of Bihar

S. No. Name of Governors From To 1 Lalji Tandon Aug 23, 2018 Incumbent 2 Satya Pal Malik Sep 30, 2017 Aug 23, 2018 3 Shri Keshri Nath Tripathi June 20, 2017 Sep 29, 2017 4 Shri Ram Nath Kovind Aug 16, 2015 June 21, 2017 5 Keshari Nath Tripathi Nov 27, 2014 Aug 15, 2015 6 D. Y. Patil Mar 22, 2013 Nov 26, 2014 7 Devanand Konwar June 29, 2009 Mar 21, 2013 8 R. L. Bhatia Jul 10, 2008 June 28, 2009 9 R. S. Gavai Jun 22, 2006 Jul 9, 2008 10 Gopalkrishna Gandhi Jan 31, 2006 Jun 21, 2006 11 Dr. Sardar Buta Singh Nov 5, 2004 Jan 29, 2006 12 Shri Ved Prakash Marwah (Offg) Nov 1, 2004 Nov 4, 2004 13 M R Jois Jun 12, 2003 Oct 31, 2004 14 V. C. Pande Nov 23, 1999 Jun 12, 2003 15 Shri Surajbhan (Offg) Oct 6, 1999 Nov 22, 1999 16 Shri Justice B.M. Lall (Offg) Mar 15, 1999 Oct 5, 1999 17 Shri Sunder Singh Bhandari April 27, 1998 March 15, 1999 18 Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai Aug 14, 1993 Apr 26, 1998 19 Mohammad Shafi Qureshi Mar 19, 1991 Aug 13, 1993 20 Shri B. Satyanarain Reddy (Offg) Feb 14, 1991 March 18, 1991 21 Mohammad Saleem Feb 16, 1990 Feb 13, 1991 22 Justice G.G. Sohoni (Offg) Feb 2, 1990 Feb 16, 1990 23 Jagannath Pahadia Mar 3, 1989 Feb 2, 1990 24 R.D. Pradhan Jan 29, 1989 Feb 2, 1989 25 Shri Justice Dipak Kumar Sen (Offg) Jan 24, 1989 Jan 28, 1989 26 Govind Narain Singh Feb 26, 1988 Jan 24, 1989 27 P. Venkatasubbaiah Mar 15, 1985 Feb 25, 1988 28 Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai Sep 20, 1979 Mar 15, 1985 29 Shri Justice K.B.N. Singh (Offg.) May 27, 1978 June 26, 1978 30 Jagannath Kaushal Jun 16, 1976 Jan 31, 1979 31 Ramchandra Dhondiba Bhandare Feb 4, 1973 Jun 15, 1976 32 Devkant Barooah Feb 1, 1971 Feb 4, 1971 33 Shri Justice U.N. Sinha (Offg) Jan 21, 1971 Jan 31, 1971 34 Nityanand Kanungo Dec 7, 1967 Jan 20, 1971 35 M. A. S. Ayyangar May 12, 1962 Dec 6, 1967 36 Zakir Hussain Jul 6, 1957 May 11, 1962 37 R. R. Diwakar June 15, 1952 Jul 5, 1957 38 Madhav Shrihari Aney Jan 12, 1948 Jun 14, 1952 39 Jairamdas Daulatram Aug 15, 1947 Jan 11, 1948





Cabinet Ministers of Bihar

S.No. Minister's Name Departments Allocated 1 Shri Nitish Kumar, Chief Minister Home

General Administration

Election Dept.

Cabinet Secretariat

Vigilance 2 Sushil Kumar Modi, Deputy CM Finance

Commercial Taxes & Forest 3 Narendra Narayan Yadav Law

Planning & Development 4 Vijay Kumar Chaudhary Water Resources 5 Prashant Kumar Sahi Human Resources Development 6 Bijendra Prasad Yadav Power

Parliamentary Affairs

Registration & Prohibition 7 Shahid Ali Khan Minority Welfare

Information Technology 8 Nand Kishore Yadav Road Construction 9 Shyam Rajak Food and Civil Supplies 10 Narendra Singh Agriculture 11 Parveen Amanullah Social Welfare 12 Brishen Patel Transportation

Information and Public Relations 13 Nitish Mishra Rural Development 14 Ramai Ram Revenue & Land Reforms 15 Awadesh Prasad Kushwaha Minor Irrigation

Sugarcane 16 Chandra Mohan Rai Public Health & Engineering 17 Gautam Singh Science & Technology 18 Ashwini Kumar Choubey Health 19 Janardan Singh Sigriwal Labour Resources 20 Bhim Singh Panchayati Raj

Rural Works 21 Giriraj Singh Animal Husbandry & Fisheries 22 Dr. Renu Kumari Kushwaha Industries

Disaster Management 23 Satyadeo Narain Arya Mines and Geology 24 Jeetan Ram Manjhi Welfare (SC & ST, Backward & Economically Backward Classes) 25 Prem Kumar Urban Development and Housing 26 Damodar Raut Building Construction 27 Dr. (Prof.) Sukhda Pandey Art, Culture & Youth Affairs 28 Ramadhar Singh Co-operative 29 Sunil Kumar 'Pintu' Urban Development and Tourism





Rajya Sabha Members from Bihar

Member of Rajya Sabha Party Shri Ali Anwar Ansari JD (U) Gopal Narayan Singh BJP Shri Harivansh JD (U) Dr. Mahendra Prasad JD (U) Smt. Kahakshan Perween JD (U) Shri Dharmendra Pradhan BJP Shri Ravi Shankar Prasad BJP Dr. Anil Kumar Sahani JD (U) Shri Bashistha Narayan Singh JD (U) Shri Ram Chandra Prasad Singh JD (U) Shri R.K. Sinha BJP Dr. C.P. Thakur BJP Shri Ram Nath Thakur JD (U) Ram Jethmalani JD (U) Misa Bharti RJD Shri Sharad Yadav JD (U)













Bihar Legislative Council Election Results 2015

Sl. No. Name of Local Authorities' Constituency Winner Candidates Party Votes Runner Up Candidates Party Votes 1 Patna Ritlal Rai IND 2433 Bhola Singh BJP 1383 2 Nalanda Reena Devi Alias Reena Yadav JD(U) 2100 Ranjit Singh Lok Janshakti Party 1427 3 Gaya-cum-Jahanabad-cum-Arwal Manorama Devi JD(U) 3958 Anuj Kumar Singh BJP 3143 4 Aurangabad Rajan Kumar Singh BJP 1761 Vinay Prasad RJD 1431 5 Nawada Salman Raghib JD(U) 1391 Sarwan Kumar BJP 1222 6 Bhojpur-cum-Buxar Radha Charan Sah RJD 2854 Hulas Pandey Lok Janshakti Party 2525 7 Rohtas-cum-Kaimur Santosh Kumar Singh BJP 3026 Anil Singh JD(U) 2409 8 Saran Sachchidanand Rai BJP 2589 Saleem Perwez JD(U) 1673 9 Siwan Tun Ji Pandey BJP 2192 Vinod Kumar RJD 1850 10 Gopalganj Aditya Narayan Pandey BJP 2067 Mahanth Satyadev Das RJD 1300 11 West Champaran Rajesh RamIndian National Congress Party 2488 Babloo Singh BJP 1820 12 East Champaran Rajesh Kumar @ Bablu Gupta BJP 3004 Kalawati Devi RJD 1966 13 Muzaffarpur Dinesh Prasad Singh JD(U) 5454 Priyadarshani Shahi BJP 368 14 Vaishali Subodh Kumar RJD 2146 Ajay Kumar Kushwaha Lok Janshakti Party 1487 15 Sitamarhi-cum-Sheohar Dilip Ray RJD 2467 Devendra Sah Dumra BJP 1651 16 Darbhanga Sunil Kumar Singh BJP 2535 Mishri Lal Yadav RJD 1593 17 Samastipur Hari Narayan Chaudhary BJP 2794 Roma Bharti RJD 1174 18 Munger Sanjay Prasad RJD 2546 Mukesh Yadav Rashtriya Lok Samta Party 2306 19 Begusarai-cum-Khagaria Rajnish Kumar BJP 2763 Doctor Sanjeev Kumar JD(U) 2428 20 Saharsa-cum-Madhepura-cum-Supaul Nutan Singh Lok Janshakti Party 3756 Mohammad Isarail Rain INC 1629 21 Bhagalpur-cum-Banka Manoj Yadav JD(U) 2966 Abhishek Verma Rashtriya Lok Samta Party 1981 22 Madhubani Suman Kumar BJP 3034 Vinod Kumar JD(U) 1842 23 Purnea-cum-Araria-cum-Kishanganj Dr. Dilip Kumar Jaiswal BJP 5960 Dr. Md. Asad Imam INC 2797 24 Katihar Ashok Kumar Agrawal IND 1914 Anjali Devi Nationalist Congress Party 1508



Bihar Lok Sabha Elections Summary 2014 The 2014 Lok Sabha elections results proved the opinion polls right, which had predicted the victory of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in the state. BJP won 22 seats and Indian National Congress (INC) got only two seats. Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) managed to bag four seats and Lok Janshakti Party (LJP) won six seats. Bihar has a total of 40 Lok Sabha constituencies for which elections in 2014 were held in six different phases. Nitish Kumar from the Janata Dal (United), in alliance with other parties, had won 206 seats from the total 243 assembly seats in the 2010 polls, which created a history in the politics of Bihar. Hence, Nitish Kumar became the Chief Minister of the state. The major political parties in Bihar are the JD (U), the BJP and the RJD. The opinion polls believed that the BJP would be able to bag maximum number of seats in the Lok Sabha polls of 2014.







The 2014 Lok Sabha elections results proved the opinion polls right, which had predicted the victory of Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in the state. BJP won 22 seats and Indian National Congress (INC) got only two seats. Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) managed to bag four seats and Lok Janshakti Party (LJP) won six seats. Bihar has a total of 40 Lok Sabha constituencies for which elections in 2014 were held in six different phases. Nitish Kumar from the Janata Dal (United), in alliance with other parties, had won 206 seats from the total 243 assembly seats in the 2010 polls, which created a history in the politics of Bihar. Hence, Nitish Kumar became the Chief Minister of the state. The major political parties in Bihar are the JD (U), the BJP and the RJD. The opinion polls believed that the BJP would be able to bag maximum number of seats in the Lok Sabha polls of 2014. Bihar General Elections Result 2014

In 2009 Election Results the UPA won around 261 out of 543 seats, and in the second position was NDA with 158 seats, while 23 seats were won by Left parties.In 2014 Election Results the BJP won 282 seats out of 543 seats. This took the NDA tally to 336 seats out of 543 seats in the Lok Sabha. INC could only manage to win 44 seats and stayed in the second position while AIADMK party from Tamil Nadu came third with 37 seats in the 2014 Lok Sabha Elections.In 2019 Chintamani5Dots Exit Poll Poll has projected 285 seats for BJP and 347 seats for NDA out of 543 seats in the Lok Sabha. The Exit Poll has given 53 seats to INC and 89 seats to UPA. The others will stand at 107 seats.The state assembly elections in 2015 saw the coming together of JD(U), RJD, and Congress for the first time. This Grand Alliance was voted to a thumping victory. While JD(U) bagged 71 seats, RJD and Congress won 80 and 27 seats respectively. BJP's previous tally of 91 was reduced to almost half as the party managed to win only 53 seats. While Hindustani Awam Morcha got one seat, Lok Janshakti Party (LJP) and Rashtriya Lok Samata Party (RLSP) won two seats each. The independent parties managed to get four out of 243 seats. Nitish Kumar was appointed the chief minister of Bihar for the fifth time and RJD Chief Lalu Prasad Yadav's son, Tejaswi Yadav, became the deputy chief minister. He had contested from Raghopur constituency.Bihar, the 12th largest state in India in terms of geographical area, is situated in North India. The constitutional head of Bihar is the Governor, who is appointed by the President of India. The real execution powers rest with the Chief Minister, who is democratically elected by the people of the state. Bihar has been a prominent state since the pre-independence era. The state has conducted elections in accordance with the Indian Constitution. To create law and order in the state and build a local body, elections have been held at regular intervals in accordance with the Indian laws and as approved by the Indian Parliament. Bihar is one of the major political centres of the Indian politics and considered as an important state. A number of prominent politicians from Bihar have contributed to the development of the nation. The state has 40 parliamentary constituencies. There are 243 legislative assembly constituencies in Bihar.The Bihar electoral system consists of the national level representation, the Lok Sabha delegation and the Rajya Sabha delegation. The state level representation of Bihar comprises the legislative assembly and the legislative council. Elections are held regularly to form government that can govern the state.The administrative structure of Bihar is divided into nine divisions and 38 districts. The nine divisions are Patna, Tirhut, Saran, Darbhanga, Kosi, Purnia, Bhagalpur, Munger and Magadh. The state has a bicameral legislature comprising the Vidhan Parishad (Legislative Council) – the upper house, and the Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) – the lower house.The Bihar legislative assembly is also known as the Bihar Vidhan Sabha. With an act of the Parliament that was named the Bihar Reorganisation Act 2000, the Bihar legislative Assembly was reduced from 325 to 243 members. The legislative assembly is not a permanent body and can be dissolved. The tenure of the legislative assembly is five years and the members are elected by the people. Every year three sessions are held; namely, Budget, Monsoon and Winter. The legislative assembly elections were held in six phases in 2010 and conducted in October and November. Phase I covered 47 seats, Phase II covered 45 seats, Phase III covered 48 seats, Phase IV covered 42 seats, Phase V covered 35 seats and Phase VI covered 26 seats. The current Speaker of the legislative assembly is Honourable Shri Uday Narain Choudhary. He was elected unanimously for the second time in 2010. He was also elected in 2005 as a Speaker of the legislative assembly in Bihar. The Leader of the House is Shri Nitish Kumar who is also the Chief Minister of Bihar. The Leader of the Opposition is Shri Amrendra Pratap Singh.The term of Bihar legislative assembly is nearing expiry in November 2015. The total of 243 assembly seats includes seats for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. The seats for scheduled castes are 38 and for scheduled tribes are two.The assembly by-polls to fill casual vacancies in Bihar legislative assembly were held on 21 August 2014. The 10 constituencies where polling took place were Narkatiaganj, Rajnagar (SC), Jale, Chapra, Hajipur, Mohiuddinnagar, Parbatta, Bhagalpur, Banka and Mohania (SC). The by-elections were necessitated due to the election of some members to the Lok Sabha and resignation of others.The posts from Chapra, Bhagalpur, Hajipur, Mohania and Narkatiaganj assembly constituencies were left vacant as the MLAs from these constituencies were elected in the 2014 Lok Sabha elections. These MLAs included Janardan Singh Sigriwal from Chapra, Ashwani Kumar Choubey from Bhagalpur, Nityanand Rai from Hajipur, Chhedi Paswan from Mohania and Satish Chandra Dubey from Narkatiaganj constituency.Samrat Choudhary of Parbatta, Ram Lakhan Ram Raman of Rajnagar (SC) and Javed Iqbal Ansari of Banka resigned from their posts, thus leaving the seats vacant. All three of them rebelled against their party, Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD). Later, they were nominated to the legislative council in Jitan Ram Manjhi's government.Vijay Mishra and Rana Gangeshwar Singh, Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) members from Jale and Mohiuddinnagar constituencies respectively, resigned after a split in NDA thus necessitating by-polls. BJP emerged as the most successful party winning four of the 10 seats that went for by-polls. RJD bagged three of the seats, while Janata Dal (United) (JD(U)) settled for two. The Indian National Congress (INC) had to be content with just one.The Bihar Legislative Council is the upper house of the state government. All the states that have a bicameral legislature consist of an upper house also known as the Vidhan Parishad. In 2010, the Indian Parliament passed an act that was meant to re-establish the legislative council for a seventh state. It is a permanent body and cannot be dissolved. The term for each member of the legislative council is for six years. The body of the legislative council is around one-third of the Vidhan Sabha or the legislative assembly. The members should be fewer than 40 in number. One-third members are elected by the local bodies like the corporations, zilla parishads and municipalities. One-third members are elected by the legislative assembly members from those who are not members of the assembly. One-twelfth members are elected persons who are graduates of three years’ standing residing in the state. Another one-twelfth members get elected from those who are engaged for three years in educational institutions in the state. One-sixth members are nominated by the Governor from people who are experts in the field of science, arts, social service, literature and co-operative movement. The Chairman and the Deputy Chairman are elected by the elected members of the legislative council.After the independence of India, the Bihar Legislative Council has come forward to work for public welfare. On 1 April 1950, the Secretariat of the BLC started functioning. Shri Nitish Kumar, Rabri Devi and Sushil Kumar Modi were elected unopposed to the Bihar Legislative Council that was held on 19 April 2012. A total of 11 candidates were elected unopposed for the legislative council in the biennial elections. The Chairman of the legislative council is Shir Awdhesh Narayan Singh.The JD (U) is considered to be in the centre-left of the political spectrum and has strong political base in Bihar and Jharkhand. The current form of the party started taking shape after the merger of the Janata Dal’s Sharad Yadav faction, the Samata Party, and the Lok Shakti Party on October 30, 2003. The JD (U) had a 17-year-old alliance with the BJP and was an important component of the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA). However, it broke away from the BJP for elevating Narendra Modi as NDA's Prime Ministerial candidate in 2013. The three ideological tenets of Janata Dal (United) are secularism, integral humanism and socialism. Sharad Yadav is the chairperson of the party. The JD (U)'s election symbol is arrow. The party had won 20 seats in the 2009 Lok Sabha elections, while it could manage a mere two seats in 2014.The RJD is largely based in Bihar and was founded by Lalu Prasad Yadav in 1997. In terms of caste-and religion-based politics, Muslims and Yadavs are its main vote banks. The basic ideological tenets theoretically followed by the party include values of social justice, secularism, and equality. Lalu not only became the Chief Minister of the state but also came to be known as one of the most successful Railway Ministers of India. Keeping the Lok Sabha elections of 2014 and the Bihar assembly election of 2015 in mind, the RJD started the Parivartan Rally. Lalu Prasad Yadav is the chairperson as well as the leader of the party in Lok Sabha. In the 2009 Lok Sabha elections, the RJD won four seats. The number did not change for the RJD in 2014 as well. The election symbol of the party is lantern.The Indian National Congress' Bihar unit is called Bihar Pradesh Congress Committee (BPCC) and is headquartered at Sadaqat Ashram in Patna, Bihar. Ashok Choudhary is its president in Bihar. It has many frontal organisations such as the Bihar Pradesh Youth Congress (BPYC), the Bihar Pradesh Congress Seva Dal (BPCSD), the Bihar Pradesh Congress INTUC and the Bihar Pradesh Congress NSUI. In 2009 and 2014, the party won two seats each time. The election symbol of the INC is palmThe BJP has considerable strength in Bihar. This state is among some of those states where the Narendra Modi factor has worked strongly. Bihar BJP's state president is Mangal Pandey. The General Secretary of the Bihar BJP is Dharmendra Pradhan, who is also an MP. The frontal organisations of the BJP are the Bharatiya Janata Mazdoor Morcha, the Kisan Morcha, the Minority Morcha, the Mahila Morcha, the S.C. Morcha, the S.T. Morcha and the Yuva Morcha.A major blow to the state party was dealt by Tarakant Jha, a veteran leader of BJP who severed his ties with the BJP and joined the Janata Dal (United).is headed by Ram Vilas PaswanFormer Chief Minister of Bihar Jiten Ram Manjhi, who broke away from JD(U) following his resignation, founded the party on 8 May 2015.There are 40 parliamentary constituencies in Bihar. Following are the parliamentary constituencies in Bihar:Valmiki Nagar, Sheohar, Jhanjharpur, Paschim Champaran, Purvi Champaran, Sheohar, Sitamarhi, Madhubani, Supaul, Araria, Kishangani, Katihar, Purnia, Madhepura, Darbhanga, Muzaffarpur, Vaishali, Gopalgani, Siwan, Maharajganj, Saran, Hajipur, Ujiarpur, Samastipur, Begusarai, Khagaria, Bhagalpur, Banka, Munger, Nalanda, Patna Sahib, Pataliputra, Arrah, Buxar, Sasaram, Karakat, Jahanabad, Aurangabad, Gaya, Nawada and Jamui.