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The WISE Uranium Project Calculators!

Introduction · Brief Descriptions

WISE Uranium Project offers a unique choice of 40+ interactive calculators covering a wide range of problems encountered with the nuclear fuel industry:

scientific phenomena : nuclear : the decay and ingrowth of radionuclides in a decay series, neutron activation, alpha-neutron reactions, biological : the biokinetics (transport and deposition) of ingested or inhaled uranium inside the human body, geotechnical : stability of tailings deposits,

: material flow , energy consumption, and waste arisings of the various stages of nuclear fuel production, including also "exotic" processes, such as tails re-enrichment, and downblending of highly enriched uranium,

, energy consumption, and waste arisings of the various stages of nuclear fuel production, including also "exotic" processes, such as tails re-enrichment, and downblending of highly enriched uranium, economics of nuclear fuel production, such as feasibility of uranium mines, cost of once-through vs. recycled nuclear fuel, enrichment cost optimization, depleted uranium value realization by re-enrichment,

of nuclear fuel production, such as feasibility of uranium mines, cost of once-through vs. recycled nuclear fuel, enrichment cost optimization, depleted uranium value realization by re-enrichment, radiation releases from uranium mine, mill, and tailings sites, and resulting radiation doses for miners and residents.

The complexity of the problems solved varies widely, as well: while some of the calculators just perform calculations that can be done with a pocket calculator (e.g. unit conversion), others deal with problems that usually are solved with spread sheet software (e.g. nuclear fuel material balance), or even expensive commercial software packages (e.g. radiation decay, radiation shielding, biokinetics). In any case, the calculators provide better usability features than many alternatives, and therefore are widely used - even in circles that have access to those expensive commercial software packages... (but, watch the Disclaimer below!)

The calculation procedure and the parameters used, as well as any assumptions and simplifications made are described in the Help file accompanying each calculator.

Features: Task-specific calculators for each purpose This concept ensures that you have to deal only with those parameters actually needed for the specific task - so no hassle with unneccessary parameter ballast, but, you have to make sure that you pick the exact calculator that solves your problem. The brief descriptions below will assist you in making the correct choice. Everything under control on a single page For most of the calculators, input and output is completely contained on a single web page - eliminating the worries about any parameter values forgotten in some sub-sub-sub menu.

Note: if you want to capture an image of the complete calculator page (not only the part visible in the browser window), including the graphics generated by the calculator, try the Fireshot extension (available for various browsers). Simple normalization Where applicable, the calculators offer the possibility to produce the required results for any given amount and type of raw material or intermediate product in the nuclear fuel chain: so, it is possible to calculate the results per tonne of ore mined, per tonne of uranium milled, per tonne fresh fuel, or per unit electricity produced in the power plant, for example. Quick first results Most of the calculators produce an output already after a simple click on the "Calculate" button, since the parameters are preset to reasonable values.

Note: the results obtained with the initial parameter values are not meant to represent the ultimate solution; they rather just are an example for this specific parameter set. User-alterable parameters The impacts of parameter variations can be studied by modifying one or more parameters of interest, followed by a "Calculate"-click. In the same way, generic data can be replaced by site-specific data, where available.

Note: detailed descriptions of the parameters are found in the Help file associated with each calculator. Simple offline use As the calculators run completely on the client computer, you may store the calculator files on your local disk for offline use (save page as complete Web page).

Note: you should, however, check from time to time whether your local copy is still up to date, as there may have been any errors eliminated or additional features added without notice. Requirements: All you need to run the calculators is to load them into your Internet browser window. JavaScript must be enabled in the browser options. Your browser does not support JavaScript, or you have disabled it.

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The calculators were tested on Firefox and Internet Explorer. If you experience any problems, please drop a line. Disclaimer: These calculators are for educational purposes only. There is no warranty whatsoever - you are using the calculators at your own risk. Any error corrections and improvements may be carried out without further notice. Copyright: The calculators are subject to the general copyright notice of the WISE Uranium Project website. History: The first calculator in this series was the Nuclear Fuel Material Balance Calculator, released on 21 March 1999. The series has continuously been enlarged and improved since.

While many of the calculators have been developed from scratch (including the famous Neutron Activation Calculator), some are clones or extended versions of Fortran batch programs that were developed at universities or government agencies in the 1970's and 1980's.

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Nuclear Fuel Chain · Nuclear Fuel Processing · Cost Calculators · Radiation Activity · Dose and Risk · Dose and Risk Modeling · Tailings Dam · Tools

Nuclear Fuel Chain Calculators

Calculate material balance, cost, and risk per unit electricity produced.

2

2

concentrations of minor isotopes

Typical computations: t U 3 O 8

GWa e ···> man Sv

excess cancers

Nuclear Fuel Processing Calculators

Calculate material and/or cost balance of mining, enrichment or downblending of uranium, and fuel production.

Cost Calculators:

Calculate economics of various processing steps.

concentrations of minor isotopes

Radiation Activity Calculators

Calculate radioactive decay, ingrowth of decay products, neutron activation, and neutron production.

6

Dose and Risk Calculators

Calculate radiation dose from intake of a known amount of radionuclides.

Typical computations: WLM

kBq ···> excess relative risk

probability of causation

Typical computations: µg/m3 ···> mSv/a

Typical computations: µg/m3 ···> mSv/a (age specific)

Typical computations: mg U ···> mSv (organ specific)

excess lifetime cancer risk

For another version of this calculator enlarged by compartment for hair, go to Uranium Biokinetics Calculator Vers. B.

Typical computations: Bq/m3

nJ/m3 ···> mSv/a

excess lifetime cancer risk

3

8

6

Typical computations: mSv/a

µR/h ···> excess lifetime cancer risk

Dose and Risk Modeling Calculators

Calculate radiation dose received via certain pathways from a source of radiation.

Typical computations: mg U/kg soil ···> mSv/a

excess lifetime risk

Typical computations: t U 3 O 8 /a ···> mSv/a

excess lifetime risk

Typical computations: t U 3 O 8

GWa e ···> man Sv

excess cancers

Tailings Dam Calculators

Investigate engineering aspects of tailings dams.





