Mr. Paul has long objected to those information-sharing provisions on privacy grounds, and he succeeded for years in holding up approval of the treaties because of it. He tried to block them in committee this year, and proposed privacy-related amendments to the Spain protocol on Monday. Those were voted down.

On Wednesday, Mr. McConnell criticized Mr. Paul’s efforts — and sense of senatorial importance — on the Senate floor.

“The years of delays in getting these noncontroversial treaties ratified have cost American businesses that employ American workers millions and millions of dollars,” Mr. McConnell said. Referring to Mr. Paul, but not by name, he added, “Year after year, money that could have been immediately used to hire Americans or make new investments had to either be frozen up or handed over in duplicate taxes, all in large part because one of our colleagues could not accept that one single senator who hasn’t persuaded his fellow members is not entitled to single-handedly rewrite international treaties.”

Mr. Paul had criticized Mr. McConnell in a speech on Tuesday evening, warning of privacy encroachment and accusing Mr. McConnell of short-circuiting Mr. Paul’s push for stronger protections.

“The fact that this legislation hasn’t come up for several years is really due to the fact that the Republican leader has failed to engage in any meaningful compromise or discussion over these,” he said.