The American Academy of Pediatrics has urged CBS Outdoor to take down the advertisement funded by anti-vaccine groups

For 17 days, every hour for 15 seconds, a controversial message is being sold to the American public via a CBS billboard in Times Square, New York. A photograph of a mother cradling her naked baby is accompanied by the words: "Vaccines: Know the risks." This image is faded out, and replaced by the Statue of Liberty and "Vaccination. Your Health. Your Family. Your Choice."

The advert is paid for and endorsed by the non-profit National Vaccine Information Center (NVIC) and Mercola.com (self-proclaimed World's Number 1 Natural Health Website), and will be shown until 28 April.

CBS Outdoor has faced a massive backlash for its choice of clientele: both NVIC and Mercola are viewed by many as anti-vaccine propagandists.

In particular, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), one of the many organisations responsible for testing the safety of vaccinations, is urging the company to remove the ad. It accuses CBS of putting the lives of children at risk by encouraging parents to delay or skip vaccination.

Mercola and the NVIC use the ad to endorse their websites, linking the public to what the AAP deems "misinformation" – a barrage of articles blaming common ingredients in vaccines for a number of health problems from breast cancer to infertility.

The NVIC publishes a disclaimer on almost every article, assuring readers that it is not anti-vaccination – despite the fact its spokesperson, Playboy model Jenny McCarthy, has publicly described vaccinations as "a product that's shit".

For Mercola, NVIC and McCarthy, thimerosal – a mercury-containing preservative – is Public Enemy Number One. All three insist there has been a direct connection between vaccines containing thimerosal and the increasing number of children being diagnosed with autism.

McCarthy's own son has the condition, which she blames on the MMR shot he received before his diagnosis. Her bestselling Louder Than Words: A Mother's Journey in Healing Autism warns parents of the "dangers" involved in vaccinations. NVIC's website recommends A Shot in the Dark, one of the first books to link vaccines to autism and, in its words, a "classic".

As a precautionary measure thimerosal has been reduced or eliminated from vaccines in the US and Europe, but in 2010 it was proved that the preservative was not linked to autism and the AAP is keen to defend it.

On 13 April, Dr Marion Burton, president of the AAP, wrote to Wally Kelly, CBS Outdoor chairman, describing her organisation as having "worked hard to protect children and their families from unfounded and unscientific misinformation regarding vaccine safety". It seems the 15-second ad is undoing all its hard work.

The letter states: "The AAP's 60,000 member pediatricians urge you to remove these harmful messages ... Please do your part to help reassure parents that vaccinating their children ... is the best way to protect them from diseases."

The AAP is not alone in demanding that CBS remove the ad. Blogs are urging readers to sign a petition to get it removed, and there are campaigns such as Stop Jenny against McCarthy's celebrity endorsement. They describe the ad as "misinformed consent" – linking parents to sites that aren't scientifically accurate.

CBS has yet to comment publicly on the negative attention surrounding the campaign.

Would an ad campaign like this be allowed to run in the UK? It seems unlikely given the recent discrediting of Andrew Wakefield's research linking the MMR vaccine to autism.

Interestingly, Wakefield continues to work in America, despite being accused of fraud by the BMJ and struck off by the General Medical Council. Having resigned from the NHS for being (in his words) "unpopular", he set up the Thoughtful House foundation in Texas, which researches autism.

Wakefield's research continues to be recognised by Thoughtful House and the National Autism Association, despite having been discredited by the AAP and the American Medical Association.

In America, it seems, Wakefield, Mercola, NVIC and Jenny McCarthy enjoy the freedom to do and say whatever they please, without fear of being hounded by the media. Perhaps that is why CBS has allowed its Times Square billboard to be used by the campaign: the American media just don't care enough to kick up a fuss.

Mary Platts is a freelance journalist. She is @marykate138 on Twitter