The organization also said it was aware of nine foreign journalists who had been expelled or forced to leave China because of a nonrenewal of visas since 2013.

Mr. Ullyot noted that number in his statement on Monday. American officials were scheduled to meet on Monday afternoon in the White House to discuss recommendations on whether to expel Chinese journalists. Bloomberg News first reported on the scheduling of the meeting.

Among the administration’s concerns is a belief that, unlike American journalists, some of the Chinese journalists working for state-run news organizations in the United States are filing reports, at least part of the time, for Chinese intelligence agencies, according to people familiar with the matter.

They said many of the Chinese journalists suspected of having those ties occupied a hybrid role, with some accredited journalists possibly serving as full-time intelligence operatives.

While the journalists may regularly file news stories, they are believed to also be sending information and analysis back to Chinese intelligence agencies. If the journalists obtain exclusive information, they could be required by officials to provide the information to the agencies rather than write an article, one of the people familiar with the matter said.

In recent years, American officials have expressed growing concern over what they call Chinese influence and propaganda efforts in the United States. They have also increasingly scrutinized a variety of Chinese citizens — diplomats, journalists and scientists among them — for intelligence collection operations. In September, the United States secretly expelled two employees of the Chinese Embassy in Washington after the men and their wives drove onto a sensitive military base in Virginia. It appeared to be the first expulsion of Chinese diplomats in more than 30 years.

There are hundreds more visas given to Chinese journalists in the United States than there are accredited American journalists in China, U.S. officials said. As of Monday morning, the Trump administration was not considering an expulsion on that scale, officials said. An immediate wave of expulsions might include fewer than a dozen Chinese journalists, one official said.