Bash Commands uname -a Show system and kernel head -n1 /etc/issue Show distri­bution mount Show mounted filesy­stems date Show system date uptime Show uptime whoami Show your username man command Show manual for command Bash Shortcuts CTRL-c Stop current command CTRL-z Sleep program CTRL-a Go to start of line CTRL-e Go to end of line CTRL-u Cut from start of line CTRL-k Cut to end of line CTRL-r Search history !! Repeat last command !abc Run last command starting with abc !abc:p Print last command starting with abc !$ Last argument of previous command ALT-. Last argument of previous command !* All arguments of previous command ^abc^123 Run previous command, replacing abc with 123 Bash Variables env Show enviro­nment variables echo $NAME Output value of $NAME variable export NAME=value Set $NAME to value $PATH Executable search path $HOME Home directory $SHELL Current shell IO Redire­ction cmd < file Input of cmd from file cmd1 <(cmd2) Output of cmd2 as file input to cmd1 cmd > file Standard output (stdout) of cmd to file cmd > /dev/null Discard stdout of cmd cmd >> file Append stdout to file cmd 2> file Error output (stderr) of cmd to file cmd 1>&2 stdout to same place as stderr cmd 2>&1 stderr to same place as stdout cmd &> file Every output of cmd to file cmd refers to a command. Pipes cmd1 | cmd2 stdout of cmd1 to cmd2 cmd1 |& cmd2 stderr of cmd1 to cmd2 Command Lists cmd1 ; cmd2 Run cmd1 then cmd2 cmd1 && cmd2 Run cmd2 if cmd1 is successful cmd1 || cmd2 Run cmd2 if cmd1 is not successful cmd & Run cmd in a subshell

Nano Shortcuts Files Ctrl-R Read file Ctrl-O Save file Ctrl-X Close file Cut and Paste ALT-A Start marking text CTRL-K Cut marked text or line CTRL-U Paste text Navigate File ALT-/ End of file CTRL-A Beginning of line CTRL-E End of line CTRL-C Show line number CTRL-_ Go to line number Search File CTRL-W Find ALT-W Find next CTRL-\ Search and replace

http:/­/ww­w.n­ano­-ed­ito­r.o­rg/­doc­s.php More nano info at: Screen Shortcuts screen Start a screen session. screen -r Resume a screen session. screen -list Show your current screen sessions. CTRL-A Activate commands for screen. CTRL-A c Create a new instance of terminal. CTRL-A n Go to the next instance of terminal. CTRL-A p Go to the previous instance of terminal. CTRL-A " Show current instances of terminals. CTRL-A A Rename the current instance.

http:/­/ww­w.g­nu.o­rg­/so­ftw­are­/sc­reen/ More screen info at: File Permis­sions chmod 775 file Change mode of file to 775 chmod -R 600 folder Recurs­ively chmod folder to 600 chown user:group file Change file owner to user and group to group File Permission Numbers First digit is owner permis­sion, second is group and third is everyone. Calculate permission digits by adding numbers below. 4 read (r) 2 write (w) 1 execute (x)