To effectively combat the scourge of neurodegenerative and other crippling diseases, we require the careful and considered use of nonhuman primates

Primate research is crucial if we are to find cures for diseases like Parkinson's

Nonhuman primates have long played a key role in life-changing medical advances. A recent white paper by nine scientific societies in the US produced a list of 50 medical advances from the last 50 years made possible through studies on nonhuman primates. These included: treatments for leprosy, HIV and Parkinson’s; the MMR and hepatitis B vaccines; and earlier diagnosis and better treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome and breast cancer.

The biological similarities between humans and other primates mean that they are sometimes the only effective model for complex neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s. More than 10 million people suffer from Parkinson’s worldwide, and a recent study estimated that one in three people born in 2015 will develop dementia in their lifetime. Primate research offers treatments, and hope for future treatments, to patients and their families. Already over 200,000 Parkinson’s patients have had their life dramatically improved thanks to deep brain stimulation surgery, which reduces the tremors of sufferers. This treatment was developed from research carried out in a few hundred monkeys in the 1980s and 1990s.

Given that primates are intelligent and sensitive animals, such research requires a higher level of ethical justification. The scientific community continues to work together to minimise the suffering of primates wherever possible. We welcome the worldwide effort to replace, refine and reduce the use of primates in research.

We, the undersigned, believe that if we are to effectively combat the scourge of neurodegenerative and other crippling diseases, we will require the careful and considered use of nonhuman primates. Stringent regulations across the developed world exist to ensure that primates are only used where there is no other available model – be that the use of a mouse or a non-animal alternative – and to protect the wellbeing of those animals still required. The use of primates is not undertaken lightly. However, while not all primate research results in a new treatment, it nonetheless plays a role in developing both the basic and applied knowledge that is crucial for medical advances.

Professor Sir John Gurdon Winner of Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 and Lasker Award in 2009

Professor Sir John Walker Winner of Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997

Sir Colin Blakemore Former Chief Executive of the Medical Research Council

Alim Benabid, MD, PhD Professor Emeritus of Biophysics at Joseph Fourier University, Joint Winner of the 2014 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award

Mahlon DeLong, MD Professor of Neurology at Emory University School of Medicine, Joint Winner of the 2014 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award



Michael Arthur Professor, President & Provost of University College London

Giacomo Rizzolatti Professor, Universita Delgli Studi Di Parma, Italy



Miguel Nicolelis, PhD Professor of Neurobiology at Duke University, Director of Neuroengineering



Signing on behalf of the listed organisations:

Jane F Reckelhoff, PhD President of the American Physiological Society



Cindy Buckmaster, PhD President of Americans for Medical Progress



John Aggleton, PhD, FRS, FMedSci Professor, President of the British Neuroscience Association

Leonard Howell, PhD President, The College on Problems of Drug Dependence, Inc

Gregg Stanwood, PhD President of Developmental Neurotoxicology Society

Kirk Leech Executive Director of the European Animal Research Association

Hudson H Freeze, PhD President of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

Barry Everitt, FRS, Fmedsci President of the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies

Matthew Bailey Executive Vice President, Foundation for Biomedical Research

John Hogan, PhD Registrar at Newcastle University

David Eisner, DPhil President of The Physiological Society

Kenneth Sher, PhD President of the Research Society on Alcoholism

Hollis Cline, PhD Professor, President of Society for Neuroscience

Wendy Jarrett Chief Executive of Understanding Animal Research

Signing in a personal capacity:

Christian Abee DVM, DACLAM, Professor and Chair, Department of Veterinary Sciences, MD Anderson Cancer Centre, University of Texas, USA

Moshe Abeles, PhD Professor of Neurophysiology, Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Centre, Bar-Ilan University, Israel

Alaa Ahmed, PhD Associate Professor of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, USA

María Ángeles Arévalo PhD Neuroscientist, Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid, Spain

Yaneri A Ayala Postdoctoral Fellow. Institute of Neurobiology, National Autonomous University of Mexico

Jose Manuel Alonso, MD, PhD Distinguished Professor, College of Optometry, State University of New York

Emilio Ambrosio, PhD Full Professor of Psychobiology, Department of Psychobiology, National University for Distance Learning (UNED), Madrid, Spain

Alessandra Angelucci, MD PhD Professor of Opthalmology and Visual Sciences, Moran Eye Institute, University of Utah, USA

Chiye Aoki, PhD Professor of Neural Science and Biology, New York University, USA

Matthew Apps, PhD Research Fellow, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK

Tipu Aziz, FMedSci Professor of Neurosurgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, UK

Stuart Baker, PhD Professor of Movement Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, UK

Pavel Balaban, PhD Professor, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology

Fabien Balezeau, PhD Research Associate, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, UK

Shabtai Barash, PhD Professor of Neurophysiology, Deptartment Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

Helen Barbas, PhD Professor, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University School of Medicine, USA

Izhar Bar-Gad, PhD Associate Professor, Gonda Brain Research Centre, Bar Ilan University, Israel

Michele A Basso, PhD Professor of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Neurobiology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, Brain Research Institute, University of Callifornia Los Angeles, USA

Francesco Battaglia, PhD Principal Investigator, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands

Jérôme Baufreton, PhD CNRS researcher, Institute of Neurogenerative Disorders, University of Bordeaux, France

Mark Baxter, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Anesthesiology, and Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, USA

Tim Behrens Professor of Computational Neuroscience, University of Oxford, UK

Pascal Belin, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Aix-Marseille University, France

Camilla Bellone, PhD Assistant Professor, University of Geneva, Switzerland

Andrew H Bell, PhD Laboratory of Social Neuroscience, University of Oxford, UK

Suliann Ben Hamed, PhD Research Director, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, CNRS University of Lyon, France

Allyson J Bennett, PhD Associate Professor of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA

Michael J Beran, PhD Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, USA

Hagai Bergman, MD PhD Professor of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Israel

Erwan Bezard, PhD INSERM Research Director, Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Bordeaux, France

Eliza Bliss-Moreau, PhD Assistant Professor of Psychology, Core Scientist, California National Primate Research Centre, University of California Davis, USA



Ned Block, PhD Silver Professor, Departments of Philosophy, Psychology and Center for Neural Science, New York University, USA

Mollie Bloomsmith, PhD Associate Research Professor, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, USA

Jean Blouin, PhD CNRS researcher, Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Aix-Marseille University

Luca Bonini, PhD Associate Professor of Psychobiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Italy

Erie D Boorman, PhD Assistant Professor, Center for Mind and Brain, University of California Davis, USA

Thomas Boraud, MD, PhD Director of Research, Institut des Maladies Neurodegeneratives, CNRS, France

Richard T Born, MD Professor of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, USA

Elena Borra, PhD Researcher, Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Italy

Annalisa Bosco, PhD Researcher in Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy

Fawzi Boumezbeur, PhD MR technologist, CEA, University Paris-Saclay, France

Alan Brady, DVM Associate Professor, Veterinary Sciences, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, USA

Alicia Braxton, DVM Post Doctoral Fellow in Laboratory Animal Medicine, Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA

Frank Bremmer, Dr.rer.nat Professor of Neurophysics, University of Marburg

Kenneth H Britten, PhD Professor, Center for Neuroscience and Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California Davis, USA

Thomas Brochier, PhD Research Associate, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, CNRS Marseille, France

Michael Brosch, Dr. rer. nat. Professor, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Germany

Stefania Bruni, PhD Post-Doc, Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Italy

Mark J Buckley, DPhil Professor of Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK

Elizabeth A Buffalo, PhD Professor of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington School of Medicine; Chief, Neuroscience Division, Washington National Primate Research Center, USA

Antimo Buonocore, PhD Postdoctoral fellow, Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Germany

Pierre Burbaud, MD PhD Professor of Physiology Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives (CNRS) Université de Bordeaux, France

Etienne Burdet, PhD Professor, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, UK

Claude Burgoyne, MD Senior Scientist and Van Buskirk Chair for Ophthalmic Research, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Research Institute, USA

Carlos de Cabo de la Vega, PhD Senior Researcher, Neuropsychopharmacology Translational Research Unit, Albacete General Hospital, Albacete, Spain

Roberto Caminiti, MD Professor of Physiology, University of Rome SAPIENZA, Italy

John Capitanio, PhD Research Psychologist, Department of Psychology, Core Scientist, California National Primate Research Center, University of California Davis, USA

Marco Capogrosso, PhD Junior Group Leader, Neurophysiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland

Juan Carlos Marvizon, PhD Adjunct Professor of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles; Supervisor Research Chemist, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, USA

Fausto Caruana, PhD Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Italy

Vivien A Casagrande, PhD Professor, Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Psychology, Opthalmology & Visual Sciences and Investigator Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, USA

Stephan Chabardes, MD PhD Professor of Neurosurgery, Université Grenoble Alpes, France

Beth K Chaffee, DVM PhD Assistant Professor of Comparative Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA

Franck Chaillan, PhD Associate Professor of Neuroscience, Aix-Marseille Université, France

Steve Chang, PhD Assistant Professor of Psychology and of Neuroscience, Yale University, USA

C Elaine Chapman, PhD Professor, Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montréal (Canada)

Frédéric Chavane, PhD Director of Research, CNRS & Aix-Marseille University, France

Leonardo Chelazzi, MD PhD Professor of Physiology, University of Verona Medical School, Verona, Italy



Paul Cheney, PhD Professor of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, USA

Julia Chester, PhD Associate Professor of Psychological Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, USA

Nela Cicmil, DPhil Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, UK

Paul Cisek, PhD Associate Professor of Neuroscience, University of Montreal, Canada

Gemma Cockcroft Senior Research Assistant, Department of Physiology Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK

Dana Cohen, PhD Senior Lecturer, The Gonda Brain Research Centre, Bar-Ilan University, Israel

Yale E Cohen, PhD Professor, Otorhinolaryngology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA

Marlene Cohen Associate Professor, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, USA

Brian Corneil, PhD Professor of Physiology & Pharmacology; Psychology, University of Western Ontario, Canada

Gino Coude, PhD Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Italy

Grégoire Courtine Associate Professor, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), France

Trinity Crapse PhD, Postdoctoral fellow, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, USA

J Crawford Downs, PhD Vice Chair of Research and Professor of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, USA

Rudolf Cardinal PhD MD MRCP MRCPsych, University Lecturer, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK

Paula Croxson, DPhil Assistant Professor of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, USA

Jonathon D Crystal, PhD Professor of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Director, Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, USA

Javier Cudeiro, MD PhD Professor of Human Physiology, Department of Medicine, Director, Neuroscience and Motor Control group (NEUROcom), Biomedical Research Institute, University of A Coruña, Spain

Kathleen Cullen, PhD Professor of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, USA

Paul W Czoty, PhD Associate Professor of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA

William Davies, PhD Senior Lecturer, Schools of Psychology and Medicine, Cardiff University, UK

Ben Deen, PhD Postdoctoral Associate, Laboratory for Neural Systems, Rockefeller University, USA

Cynthia Derdeyn, PhD Professor, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, USA

Annaelle Devergnas, PhD Associate Professor, School of Medecine, Emory University, USA

James J DiCarlo, MD PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA

Anita Disney, PhD Assistant Professor of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, USA

Gregory A Dissen, PhD Senior Staff Scientist, Division of Neuroscience, West Campus IACUC Chair, Oregon National Primate Research Center, OHSU, USA

Claudia Distler, PhD Researcher, Department of Zoology & Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany

Lars Dittrich, PhD Postdoctoral Researcher, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Germany

Ray Dolan Professor of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Neurology, University College London (UCL), UK

Jean-René Duhamel, PhD Director of Research, Institut des Sciences Cognitives, CNRS, Lyon, France

John Duncan, DPhil Professorial Research Fellow, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK

Alexander Ecker, PhD Postdoc, Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Germany

Scott Edwards, PhD Assistant Professor of Physiology and Neuroscience, Lousiania State University Health Sciences Center, USA

Mark Eldridge, PhD Research Fellow, Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, USA

Moein Esghaei, PhD Postdoc in Neuroscience, IPM School of Cognitive Sciences, Tehran, Iran

David Van Essen, PhD Alumni Endowed Professor of Neuroscience, Washington University, USA

David Euston, PhD Associate Professor, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada

Stefan Everling, PhD Professor of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, Canada

David Farningham PhD MRC Harwell Institute, Centre for Macaques, UK

Patrizia Fattori, PhD, Professor of Physiology, University of Bologna, Italy

Pier Francesco Ferrari, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Italy

Stefano Ferraina, MD PhD Professor of Human Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy

Leonardo Fogassi Professor of Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Italy

Patrick A Forcelli, PhD Assistant Professor of Pharmacology & Physiology, Georgetown University

Charles P France, PhD Professor of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, USA

Logan France, DVM Post-Doctoral Fellow in Laboratory Animal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA

Pascal Fries, PhD Director, Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society; Professor of Systems Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands

Andrew J Fuglevand, PhD Professor of Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, USA

Alexander Gail, PhD Professor of Sensorimotor Neuroscience and Neuroprosthetics, German Primate Center & University of Göttingen, Germany

Juan Gallego, PhD Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Physiology, Northwestern University, USA

Claudio Galletti Professor of Physiology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy

Adriana Galvan Assistant Professor, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, USA

Michela Gamberini, PhD Researcher, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna

Paul Gamlin, PhD Professor of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA

Preston E Garraghty, PhD Professor of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University

Philip Gaskin, PhD Research Associate, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK

Robert Gaunt, PhD Assistant Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, USA

Timothy Gawne, PhD Associate Professor, Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), USA

Lisa R Gerak, PhD Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, USA

Marzio Gerbella Post Doc, Brain Center for Social and Motor Cognition, University of Parma

Simon Giszter, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Drexel University College of Medicine, USA

Matthew F Glasser, PhD Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, USA

Paul W Glimcher, PhD Professor of Neural Science, New York University, USA

Laurent Goffart CNRS Researcher, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, France

Joshua I Gold, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Chair of the Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, USA

Krystyna Gołembiowska, PhD Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland

Mark M Goodman, PhD Professor of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Medical Oncology and Hematology, Emory Umiversity School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA

Anna Goodroe, DVM Clinical Veterinarian, Johns Hopkins University, USA

Jeroen Goossens, PhD Assistant Professor, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, the Netherlands

Andrea C Gore, PhD Professor and Vacek Chair of Pharmacology, University of Texas at Austin, USA

Robbe Goris, PhD Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, USA

Jacqueline Gottlieb, PhD Associate Professor of Neuroscience, Columbia University, USA

Shannon Gourley, PhD Assistant Professor of Neuroscience, Emory University School of Medicine, USA

Kathleen Grant, PhD Professor, Division of Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, USA

Stanton Gray, DVM, PhD Assistant Professor, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, USA

Georgia Gregoriou Assistant Professor of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greee

Timothy Griffiths FMedSci, Professor of Cognitive Neurology, Newcastle University, UK

Ana Guadaño-Ferraz, PhD Principal Investigator, Department of Endocrine and Nervous System Pathophysiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols

Marcus Haag, MSc Research Assistant, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, UK

Suzanne Haber, PhD Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Rochester, USA

Fadila Hadj-Bouziane, PhD CNRS, France

Ziad Hafed, PhD Neuroscientist, Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Tübingen University, Germany

Steffen Hage, PhD Research group leader, Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Germany

Nancy L Haigwood, PhD Professor of Pathobiology & Immunology and Director, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, USA

Philippe M Hantraye, PhD Director of Research, Director of the French National Infrastructure NeurATRIS for Translational Neurosciences, France

Till S Hartmann, PhD Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, USA

Bert A t’Hart, PhD Professor, Department of Immunbiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, the Netherlands

Michael Hawken, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Center for Neural Science, New York University, USA

Takuya Hayashi, MD PhD Team Leader of Functional Architecture Imaging Team, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Japan

P Max Headley, PhD Professor of Physiology, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, UK

David Heal, PhD, DSc, FRSC Executive Director RenaSci Ltd, Nottingham UK and Visiting Professor in Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, UK

David J Heeger, PhD Professor of Psychology and Neural Science, New York University, USA

Sarah Heilbronner, PhD Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, USA

Prof Poul Henning Jensen, MD, Dr. Med. Sci. Aarhus University, Dept. Of Biomedicine, Denmark

David Henshall, PhD Professor of Molecular Physiology & Neuroscience, Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland

Istvan Hernadi, PhD Head of Translational Research Centre, associate professor at Department of Experimental Neurobiology, University of Pécs, Hungary

Lori Hill, DVM DACLAM Associate Professor, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, USA

Klaus-Peter Hoffmann, PhD Emeritus Professor, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany

Kaitlyn Holman, MSc Associate Research Scientist, Center for Neural Science, New York University, USA

Gregg E Homanics, PhD Professor of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Brain Institute, USA

William Hopkins, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Georgia State University, USA

Nicole Horst, PhD Research Associate, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, UK

Greg Horwitz, PhD Associate Professor of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Washington, USA

Leonard Howell, PhD Associate Director of Scientific Programs, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, USA

Eric Hunter, PhD Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, USA

Teresa Iglesias, PhD Senior Scientist, Spanish Research Council (CSIC) & CIBERNED, Endocrine and Nervous System Pathophysiology Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols

Uwe Ilg, PhD Professor, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Germany

Kevan AC Martin, Dphil Director, Institute of Neuroinformatics, UZH/ETH, Zurich, Switzerland

Richard Ivry, PhD Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of California Berkeley, USA

Andrew Jackson, PhD Wellcome Trust Senior Fellow and Senior Lecturer, Institute of Neuroscience, Medical School, Newcastle University, UK

Johannes Jakobsen, DrMedSc Professor, Neuroscience Center, Copnehagen University Hospital, Denmark

Peter Janssen, MD PhD Professor of Neuroscience, KU Leuven, Belgium

Bechir Jarraya, MD-PhD Professor of medicine, Medical School, University of Versailles Paris Saclay, France

Mehrdad Jazayeri, PhD Assistant Professor, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA

J David Jentsch, PhD Empire Innovation Professor of Psychology (Behavioral Neuroscience), Binghamton University, USA

Heidi Johansen-Berg, PhD Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK

R Paul Johnson, MD Director, Yerkes National Primate Center, Professor of Medicine, Emory University, USA

Mikiko Kadohisa, PhD Investigator Scientist, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Medical Research Council, UK

Igor Kagan, PhD Group Leader, German Primate Center, Germany

Marcus Kaiser, PhD Professor of Neuroinformatics, Newcastle University, UK

Ehud Kaplan, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, USA

Christoph Kayser, PhD Professor of Integrative Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, UK

Henry Kennedy, PhD Director of Research, Institute de National de Recherch Medicale (INSERM), University de Lyon, France

Steve Kennerley, PhD Senior Lecturer, Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK

Timo van Kerkoerle, PhD Team leader, Neurospin, INSERM U992, France

Zafar U Khan, PhD Professor of Medicine, Medical Health Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga

Bjørg Kilavik, PhD CNRS Researcher, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, France

Jeansok Kim, PhD Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

Andrew King, PhD Professor of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK

Lynne Kiorpes, Phd Professor of Neural Science and Psychology, Center for Neural Science, New York University, USA

Peter Kirkwood, PhD Emeritus Reader, UCL Institute of Neurology, UK

Chris Klink, PhD Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Netherlands

Maria Knikou, PhD professor of clinical neurophysiology, City University of New York, USA

Michael Kohl, DPhil Early Career Research Fellow, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford

Ivanela Kondova, DVM Veterinary Pathologist, Head of Division “Pathology and Microbiology”, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, The Netherlands

Jeffrey H Kordower, PhD The Alla V and Solomon Jesmer Professor on Aging and Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, USA

Alexander Kraskov, PhD Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellow, UCL Institute of Neurology, UK

Andreas Kreiter, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Institute for Brain Research, University of Bremen, Germany

Leah Krubitzer, PhD Professor of Psychology, MacArthur Fellow, Center for Neuroscience, University of California Davis, USA

Kristine Krug, DPhi, Associate Professor of Neuroscience, Oxford of University, UK

Romesh D Kumbhani, PhD Assistant Research Scientist, Center for Neural Science, New York University, USA

Makoto Kusunoki, PhD Senior Researcher, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Medical Research Council, UK

Andrew A Lackner, DVM PhD DACVP Professor of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Tulane National Primmate Research Center, Tulane Health Sciences, Tulane University, USA

Robert Lanford, PhD Director, Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, USA

Olga Lazareva, PhD Associate Professor, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Drake University, USA

Maria Dolores Ledesma, PhD, Staff Scientist of the Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Group leader at the Centro Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa

Daeyeol Lee, PhD Professor of Neuroscience and of Psychology, Yale University School of Medicine, USA

Sebastian Lehmann, PhD Postdoctoral Fellow at the Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London (ON), Canada

Roger Lemon, PhD Emeritus Professor of Neurophysiology, Institute of Neurology, UCL, UK

Juan Lerma, PhD Research Professor, Institute for Neuroscience CSIC-UMH, San Juan de Alicante, Spain

Jonathan Levitt, PhD Professor of Biology, City College of New York, USA

Jon E Levine, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Director of the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA

Christopher Lewis, PhD Scientist, Ernst Stüngmann Institute for Neuroscience

Margaret S Livngstone PhD, Professor of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, USA

Michael Long Assistant Professor, Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, USA

José López-Barneo, MD & PhD Professor of Physiology, Medical School, University of Seville

Giuseppe Luppino, MD PhD Professor of Physiology, Director, Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Italy

David R Maguire, PhD Instructor, Department of Pharmacology, Health Science Center, University of Texas, USA

Alexander Maier, PhD Assistant Professor, Psychological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, USA

Tamar Makin, PhD Associate Professor, Nuffield Department for Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, UK

Sanjay Manohar PhD Researcher at Department of Psychology, University of Oxford, UK

Valerio Mante, PhD Professor, Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland

Karolina Marciniak, PhD PostDoc Associate, Rockefeller University, USA

André Marques-Smith, DPhil Postdoctoral Researcher in Neuroscience, Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King’s College London, UK

Rogier Mars, PhD Principal Investigator, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands, and University of Oxford, UK

John Martin, PhD Professor, Department of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience; City University of New York School of Medicine, USA

Julio Martinez-Trujillo, MD, PhD Professor, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, Canada

Rooholla Massoudi, PhD Research Associate, Department of Physiology, Development, and Behaviour, University of Cambridge, UK

John Maunsell, PhD Professor of Neurobiology, Director, Grossman Institute for Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior, University of Chicago, USA

Paul J May, PhD Professor of Neurobiology & Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, USA

James Mazer, PhD Associate Professor of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Montana State University, USA

Lance McMahon, PhD Associate Professor of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Health Science Center, University of Texas, USA

Rebeca Mejias Estevez, PhD Assistant Professor of Physiology, Deapartment of Physiology, School of Biology, University of Seville, Spain

Ravi Menon, PhD Canada Research Chair in Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Western University, Canada

Nadine Mestre-Frances, PhD Assistant Professor of neuroscience, University of Montpellier, France

Jonathan A Michaels, Dr. rer. nat. Postdoctoral Scholar, German Primate Center, Germany

Lee E Miller, PhD Distinguished Professor of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, USA

Marcus Missal, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, France

Anna S Mitchell, PhD Associate Professor, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK

Sebastian Moeller, PhD Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Leibnitz-Institut für Primatenforschung, Göttingen, Germany

John H Morrison, PhD California National Primate Research Center and Department of Neurology, UC Davis, USA

Adonis Moschovakis, MD, PhD, Professor of Physiology, University of Crete, Greece

J Anthony Movshon, PhD Professor, Center for Neural Science, New York University, USA

Mike Mustari, PhD Research Professor of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, USA

Juan Nacher, PhD Associate Professor of Cell Biology, Head, Neurobiology Unit, University of Valencia, Spain

Michael A Nader, PhD Professor of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA

Ronald D Nadler, PhD Professor Emeritus, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory Unversity, USA

Devika Narain, PhD Postdoctoral Fellow, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA

Martha Neuringer, PhD Senior Scientist and Professor, Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center; Research Professor of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health & Science University, USA

David Nichols, PhD Emeritus Professor, Dept of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, USA

Constantin von Nicolai, PhD Postdoc, Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (CIN), University of Tübingen, Germany

Andreas Nieder, PhD Professor of Animal Physiology, Director, Insitute of Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Germany

Hendrikje Nienborg, MD Research group leader, Wrner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Germany

Dr MaryAnn Noonan Supernumerary Teaching Fellow, University of Oxford, UK

Marilyn A Norconk, PhD Professor (retired) of Biological Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, Kent State University, Kent, OH.

Emily Oby, PhD Postdoctoral fellow, Systems Neuroscience Institute, University of Pittsburgh, USA



Rafael O’Halloran, PhD Assistant Professor of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Stevie O’Keefe Research Technician, Comparative Biology Centre, University of Newcastle, UK

Martin O’Neill, PhD Senior Research Associate and Lecturer in Psychology, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK

John van Opstal, PhD Professor of Neurobiophysics, Donders Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Guy A Orban, MD, PhD Emeritus Professor of Neurophysiology KU Leuven Medical Shool, Belgium; Visiting Research Fellow, University of Parma, Italy

Michael Ortiz Rios, PhD Research Associate, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, UK

Camillo Padoa-Schioppa, PhD Associate Professor of Neuroscience, Washington University in St Louis, USA

Mirko Paiardini, PhD Assistant Professor of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, USA

Andrew J Parker, PhD ScD Professor of Physiology, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK

Carol A Paronis, PhD Assistant Professor, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA

Richard Passingham, PhD Emeritus Professor, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK

Anitha Pasupathy, PhD Associate Professor, Dept of Biological Structure, Washington National Primate Center, University of Washington, USA

Regina Paxton Gazes, PhD Assistant Professor of Psychology and Animal Behavior, Bucknell University, USA

Rony Paz, PhD Associate Professor of Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel

Carlos Pedreira, PhD Post-Doctoral Researcher, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK

Matthew Perich, MS, PhD Candidate, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, USA

Mathias Pessiglione, PhD Research Director, Brain & Spine Institute, Pitié-Salpêrière Hospital, france

Mary Peterson, PhD Professor of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Arizona, USA

Christopher Petkov, PhD Professor of Comparative Neuropsychology, Newcastle University, Institute of Neuroscience and Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

Benjamin Philip, PhD Instructor in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, USA

Ingrid Philippens, PhD senior scientist, Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC)

Kimberley Phillips, PhD Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity University, USA

Brigitte Piallat, PhD Associate Professor of Neuroscience, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Grenoble Alpes University, France

John Pickard, FMedSci Professor Emeritus of Neurosurgery, University of Cambridge, UK

Michael Platt, PhD, Professor of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Marketing, University of Pennsylvania, USA

Colline Poirier, PhD Researcher, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, UK

Linda Porrino, PhD Professor of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA

Bruno Poucet, PhD Director of Research at CNRS, Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Aix-Marseille Université, France

Todd M Preuss, PhD Associate Research Professor of Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center.

Nicholas Price, PhD Senior Lecturer, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University

Emmanuel Procyk, PhD Director of Research, CNRS, France

Keith Purpura, PhD Associate Professor, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College

Gregor Rainer, PhD Professor SPCCR and University Fribourg, Switzerland

Tomi Rantamäki, PhD Academy Research Fellow, University of Helsinki, Finland

Vassilis Raos, PhD Asst. Professor of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece

Josef Rauschecker, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, USA

D Eugene Redmond, Jr, MD Professor of Psychiatry and Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, USA

June M Reinisch, PhD Emeritus Professor, Department of Psychology & The Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, USA

Gal Richter-Levin, PhD Professor of Behavioral Neuroscience, Sagol Department of Neuroscience, University of Haifa, Israel

Alexa Riehle, PhD Research Director at the CNRS, CNRS, France

Dinant Riks, PhD Student in Clinical Neurosciences, FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford

Michal Rivlin, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel

John D Roache, PhD Professor of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, USA

Craig W Roberts, PhD Professor of Parasitology, SIPBS, University of Strathclyde

Angela Roberts, PhD Professor of Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK

Susan E Robinson, PhD Professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology (retired), School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA

Pieter R Roelfsema Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience, Director of the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience

Gustavo Rohenkohl, PhD Post-doctoral Research Fellow, Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience In Cooperation with Max Planck Society

Marcello Rosa, PhD Professor, Monash University

Sarah Rose, PhD Reader in Pharmacology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London

Corinna Ross, PhD Department of Arts & Sciences, Biology, Texas A&M University San Antonio

Sebastien Roux, PhD Researcher in Neuroscience, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone

Stefano Rozzi, MD, PhD Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Iraly

Peter Rudebeck, DPhil Assistant Professor of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, USA

Matthew Rushworth, DPhil Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Oxford

Nicole C Rust, PhD Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania

Yuri Saalmann, PhD Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin - Madison

Jerome Sallet, PhD University Research Lecturer, University of Oxford, UK

Mar Sanchez, PhD Associate Professor of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University

Eleonora Satta, PhD Post-doc, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome

Helen Savaki, PhD Professor of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece

Pierre Savatier, PhD Group leader, Stem cell and Brain Research Institute, INSERM, Univsersity of Lyon, France

Hansjörg Scherberger, Dr. med. Professor of Primate Neurobiology, Department of Biology and Psychology, University of Göttingen, Germany

Luis F Schettino, PhD Associate Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, Lafayette College, Easton PA, USA

Marc Schieber, MD, PhD Professor of Neurology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester

Michael C Schmid, PhD Senior Lecturer in Systems Neuroscience, Newcastle University

Jan Schnupp DPhil Professor of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong

Marieke Scholvinck, PhD Postdoctoral researcher, Ernst Strungmann Institute for Neuroscience

Charles E Schroeder PhD Professor, Departments of Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons.

Almut Schuez, PhD Professor of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany

Simon R Schultz, DPhil Reader in Neurotechnology, Director, Centre for Neurotechnology, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London

Nancy Schultz-Darken, PhD Assistant Scientist, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin

Caspar M Schwiedrzik, PhD Postdoc, The Rockefeller University

Renate Schweizer, PhD Biomedizinische NMR Forschungs GmbH, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry

Matthew Self, PhD Research Scientist, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience

Evelyne Sernagor, PhD Reader in Developmental Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University

Michael N Shadlen, MD/PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Columbia University

Reza Shadmehr, PhD Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine

Solmaz Shariat Torbaghan, MA, MS Research Scientist, New York University

Heather Sidener, DVM Clinical Medicine Unit Head, Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center

Joe H Simmons, DVM, PhD, DACLAM Professor of Comparative Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Elizabeth Simpson, PhD Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Miami

Wolf Singer, MD, PhD Professor of Physiology, Senior Research Fellow, Ernst Strüngmann Institute in Cooperation with Max Planck Society

Angela Sirigu Research Director of the Institute of Cognitive Science, CNRS, UCBL Lyon I, Lyon, France

Małgorzata Skup, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Director of the Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

Marc Slutzky, MD, PhD Associate Professor of Neurology, Northwestern University

Mark Smith, PhD President of the International Study Group Investigating Drugs as Reinforcers

Carles Solsona, PhD Professor of Histology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona

Demetris Soteropoulos, PhD Lecturer in Motor Systems Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle University, U.K.

Roger D Spealman, PhD Professor of Psychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School

Georgios Spyropoulos, MD MSc PhD Candidate, Ernst Strüngmann Institute

John Stein, FMedSci Emeritus Prof Physiology, University of Oxford

Dr Valeska Stephan Post-doc, Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center/Germany

Frederic M Stoll, PhD PostDoctoral Fellow, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Randy Strong, PhD Professor of Pharmacology, Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio Texas USA

Veit Stuphorn, PhD Associate Professor, Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University

Fahad Sultan, MD Assoc Professor, Umea University

Mitchell Sutter, PhD Professor of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California Davis

Masahiko Takada, PhD Professor, Systems Neuroscience Section, Department of Neuroscience, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan

Keiji Tanaka, PhD Senior Team Leader, RIKEN Brain Science Institute

Jessica Taubert, PhD Research Fellow, The National Institute of Mental Health, NIH.

Rob Teeuwen, MSc Department of Vision and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience

Ei Terasawa, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics and Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Peter Thier, Dr, Professor of Cognitive Neurology and Chairman of the Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen

Michel Thiebaut de Schotten, PhD Associate Professor, CNRS U 7225

Alexander Thiele, PhD Professor for Visual Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University

Lena Ting, PhD Professor, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Tech and Emory

Philippe Tobler, PhD Professor of Neuroeconomics and Social Neuroscience, University of Zurich

Roger Tootell, PhD Associate Professor, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School

Brian Trainor Professor, Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis

Stefan Treue, PhD Professor of Biological Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, German Primate Center and Goettingen University, Germany

Yves Trotter, PhD Researcher CNRS, CERCO-Univ. Toulouse

Ken-Ichiro Tsutsui, PhD Associate Professor, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Japan

Lynn Uhrig, MD-PhD, Anesthesiologist, Neuroscientist, University of Paris-Descartes, Paris, France

Nachum Ulanovsky, PhD Associate Professor of Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel

Giorgio Vallortigara, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Centre for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento

Thomas H Vanderford, V, PhD, Assistant Professor, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University

Ross E Vanderwert, PhD Lecturer, School of Psychology, Cardiff University

Wim Vanduffel, PhD Professor, head of Lab. Neuro- and Psychophysiology, Dept. of Neurosciences, KU Leuven Belgium & Assistant Professor, Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, USA

Ivo Vanzetta, PhD Senior Permanent Researcher, INT, CNRS UMR 7289 & Aix-Marseille University

Maryam Vaziri-Pashkam, MD, PhD Post-Doctoral fellow, Department of Psychology, Harvard University

Vera Veith Post-doc, Cognitive Neuroscience Department, German Primate Center

Julien Vezoli, PhD Research Associate, Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society

Trichur Vidyasagar Professor, Department of Optometry & Vision Sciences and Melbourne Neuroscience Institute, University of Melbourne

Francois Villinger, DVM/PhD Director New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette

Brent A Vogt, PhD, Research Professor of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine

Tim Vogels, PhD Sir Henry Dale Fellow and Associate Professor of Computational Neuroscience, Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford

Mark Walton, DPhil Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellow, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford

Anna Wang Roe, PhD Professor of Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University

Peter Weed, PhD, MPH Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio

Jeff Weiner, PhD Professor, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine

David Werner, PhD Associate Professor of Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, Binghamton University - SUNY

Richard van Wezel, PhD Professor in Visual Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour

Melanie Wilke, PhD Professor, Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medicine, Goettingen

Jonathan R Williford, PhD Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience

Mark Wilson, PhD Professor, Yerkes National Primate Research Center and Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University

Benjamin Wilson, PhD Sir Henry Wellcome Fellow, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle University, UK.

Peter Winsauer, PhD Professor, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center

Claire Witham, PhD Research Fellow, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University and MRC Centre for Macaques

Daniel Wolpert PhD FMedSci FRS Royal Society Noreen Murray Professor in Neurobiology & Professor of Engineering, University of Cambridge

Thilo Womelsdorf, PhD Associate Professor, Department of Biology, York University

Ofer Yizhar, PhD Senior Scientist, Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel

Larry J Young, PhD Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University.

Wilbert Zarco, PhD Research Associate, Neural Systems Laboratory, The Rockefeller University

Corey Ziemba, PhD Postdoctoral Fellow, Center for Neural Science, New York University

Jonas Zimmermann, PhD Postdoctoral Researcher, Brown University, Providence RI, USA

Eberhart Zrenner, MD Senior Professor, Werner Reichard Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Germany