Story Highlights Among key subgroups, only Republicans oppose transgender servicemembers

Americans remain mixed on gender-related restroom polices

This article is the third in a monthlong series on Americans' views about LGBT issues. Gallup will release new findings every Thursday in June. Gallup's trends, including some extending back four decades, can be found here.

WASHINGTON, D.C. -- As President Donald Trump's ban on most transgender military servicemembers continues to face legal challenges, 71% of Americans support allowing openly transgender men and women to serve in the military.

U.S. Support for Transgender People Serving in the Military Do you favor or oppose allowing openly transgender men and women to serve in the military? Favor Oppose No opinion % % % National adults 71 26 2 Republicans 43 53 4 Independents 78 20 2 Democrats 88 11 1 Military veterans 56 43 1 Nonveterans 73 25 2 Men 64 34 2 Women 79 20 2 18-29 84 15 2 30-49 73 25 2 50-64 66 32 2 65+ 66 33 1 May 15-30, 2019 Gallup

These data are from a May 15-30 Gallup poll, which was conducted prior to a recent U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals decision that allows the ban to stand for the time being, but calls for a review of the policy that could still jeopardize its legal standing. On Tuesday, the House of Representatives voted to block funding to implement the policy -- though the measure's chances of passing in the GOP-controlled Senate, much like the recently passed Equality Act, are unlikely.

Majorities of Americans across nearly all key demographic groups, except for Republicans, support allowing transgender men and women to serve in the U.S. military. Republicans (43%) are far less likely than Democrats (88%) and independents (78%) to support allowing trans servicemembers.

A small majority of adults with military experience (56%) say that transgender people should be allowed to serve, though nonveterans are more likely to say this (73%).

Women are more likely than men to support transgender military service, and support is higher among younger adults than older Americans.

These findings about Americans' views of transgender people serving in the military are similar to Gallup's polling in the years leading up to the 2010 repeal of the military's Don't Ask Don't Tell policy, which barred gays and lesbians from serving openly. At the time, Gallup found that most Americans supported allowing openly gay servicemembers.

Americans Remain Split on Transgender Bathroom Policies

Americans' views on gender-related policies governing public restrooms have shown little movement in recent years. Gallup first polled on the issue in 2016, when Barack Obama's Department of Education directed public schools to allow transgender students to use restrooms and locker rooms that correspond with their gender identity, rather than their birth gender. This policy has since been rescinded under the Trump administration.

The issue has roiled local and state politics, but public opinion has changed little, with 51% of Americans saying that transgender people should have to use the restroom corresponding with their birth gender and 44% saying that transgender people should use the restroom that corresponds with their gender identity.

Americans' Views on Restroom Policies for Transgender People In terms of policies governing public restrooms, do you think these policies should -- [ROTATED: require transgender individuals to use the restroom that corresponds with their birth gender (or should these policies) allow transgender individuals to use the restroom that corresponds with their gender identity]? Birth gender Gender identity No opinion % % % May 15-30, 2019 51 44 5 May 3-7, 2017 48 45 7 May 4-8, 2016 50 40 10 Gallup

The percentage of Americans who now have no opinion (5%) is half of what it was in 2016, likely reflecting that they have become more familiar with the issue in recent years.

Having restroom assignment based on birth gender is preferred by most by Republicans (78%) and men (61%).

By contrast, Democrats (66%), adults aged 18 to 29 (61%) and women (53%) are the groups most likely to say students should be able to choose bathrooms based on their gender identity.

Views on Restroom Policies for Transgender People, by Subgroup In terms of policies governing public restrooms, do you think these policies should -- [ROTATED: require transgender individuals to use the restroom that corresponds with their birth gender (or should these policies) allow transgender individuals to use the restroom that corresponds with their gender identity]? Birth gender Gender identity % % National adults 51 44 Republicans 78 18 Independents 50 46 Democrats 27 66 Men 61 35 Women 42 53 18-29 37 61 30-49 58 38 50-64 52 42 65+ 52 41 May 15-30, 2019 Gallup

Two in Three Americans Prefer Separate Restrooms for Men and Women

Many public places have responded to the transgender restroom policy debate by providing unisex restrooms that can be used by anyone. But according to the new poll, Americans prefer separate bathrooms for men and women (68%) in large public places as opposed to unisex ones (30%).

Americans' Views on Separate vs. Unisex Restrooms More generally, in large public places such as malls, stadiums and airports, do you think there should be -- [ROTATED: separate bathrooms for men and women, (or should there be) unisex bathrooms that can be used by all genders]? Separate bathrooms Unisex bathrooms No opinion % % % May 15-30, 2019 68 30 2 May 15-30, 2019 Gallup

Majorities of all key subgroups favor separate restrooms for men and women, with Republicans (81%) most in favor, but also a little over half of 18- to 29-year-olds (52%) and Democrats (56%).

Bottom Line

With gay marriage now a political moot point and Don't Ask Don't Tell having been repealed for several years, LGBT activists have largely shifted their focus to trans issues as the Trump administration has moved to undo the trans-friendly policies of the Obama era.

Similar to their views on openly gay servicemembers in the aughts, most Americans support allowing transgender people to serve in the U.S. military. This contrasts with Trump's ban on transgender servicemembers, which he announced via a series of tweets in July 2017. Though the ban has since been subject to legal and political scrutiny, it remains in place.

Gender policies around public restrooms are much more mixed, with Americans leaning slightly toward policies based on one's birth gender rather than their gender identity. While public opinion has moved little in recent years, the actual federal policies for schools on this issue have undergone an about-face from the previous presidency. Views on the policies are strongest by political party identification, so it's very likely that policy changes will only take place upon shifts in party control at state and federal levels -- as was the case in North Carolina, which became the focal point of this issue years ago.

View complete question responses and trends.