“We will maintain our vigorous efforts to sanction Venezuelan government officials who are complicit in Maduro’s attempts to undermine democracy, violate human rights, inhibit the freedom of expression or peaceful assembly, or engage in public corruption, unless they break from Maduro’s dictatorial regime,” Mr. Mnuchin added.

As a result of the Treasury Department’s designation, the government froze all the assets under the United States’ jurisdiction belonging to the 10 officials and prohibited Americans from doing business with them.

They join a growing list of former and current Venezuelan officials who have been sanctioned by the American government, most notably President Maduro, who was added on July 31, a day after he engineered elections for an all-powerful National Constituent Assembly, a move that compelled the Trump administration to label Mr. Maduro “a dictator.”

The Trump administration has also sanctioned eight members of the Venezuelan Supreme Court for their efforts to obstruct the National Assembly, the legislative body controlled by the opposition, and Vice President Tareck El Aissami, whom American authorities have accused of narcotics trafficking.

Among those on the sanctions list announced on Thursday were two rectors of Venezuela’s National Electoral Council — Sandra Oblitas Ruzza and Socorro Elizabeth Hernández de Hernández — and one alternate rector, Carlos Enrique Quintero Cuevas. The council, which is closely aligned with Mr. Maduro, was accused of engaging in dirty tricks around the elections of governors on Oct. 15 to the benefit of the president’s party, including moving polling stations in the days before the vote.