We present a practical data-driven method for automatically synthesizing plausible soundtracks for physics-based cloth animations running at graphics rates. Given a cloth animation, we analyze the deformations and use motion events to drive crumpling and friction sound models estimated from cloth measurements. We synthesize a low-quality sound signal, which is then used as a target signal for a concatenative sound synthesis (CSS) process. CSS selects a sequence of microsound units, very short segments, from a database of recorded cloth sounds, which best match the synthesized target sound in a low-dimensional feature-space after applying a hand-tuned warping function. The selected microsound units are con- catenated together to produce the final cloth sound with minimal filtering. Our approach avoids expensive physics-based synthesis of cloth sound, instead relying on cloth recordings and our motion-driven CSS approach for realism. We demonstrate its effectiveness on a variety of cloth animations involving various materials and character motions, including first-person virtual clothing with binaural sound.

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank anonymous reviewers for helpful feedback, Sean Chen for the measurement device circuitry, the Clark Hall Machine Shop, Carol Krumhansl for the use of her sound isolation room, Taylan Cihan for early recording assistance, Tianyu Wang for signal processing discussions, and Noah Snavely for thoughts on shape matching. The data used in this project was obtained from mocap.cs.cmu.edu. The database was created with funding from NSF EIA-0196217. DLJ acknowledges early discussions with Dinesh Pai and Chris Twigg on cloth sounds. We acknowledge funding and support from the National Science Foundation (CAREER-0430528, HCC-0905506, IIS-0905506), fellowships from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, and donations from Pixar and Autodesk. This research was conducted in conjunction with the Intel Science and Technology Center-Visual Computing. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or others.