When Deanne Overvold’s husband, Lee, started complaining of back pain late last year, she thought the painkillers his doctor prescribed would be the end of it. Five months later, a round of lab tests would reveal that Lee, 60, wasn’t just suffering from a backache — he was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, a fast-moving bone marrow cancer.

“You never realize the cost of catastrophic illness until you’re in it,” says Deanne, 60. “It’s rather devastating to go from being able to pay the bills to wondering how you’re going to take care of the next month."



In their 30 years of marriage, the Overvolds had each taken on traditional household duties — Lee worked and managed the finances, while she cared for their two sons at home. At the time of his diagnosis, Lee earned $120,000 a year working in sales for an energy company in their hometown, Fontana, Calif. The rigor of his treatment regimen forced him to leave his job on disability, which cut the family’s income by 40%. Very quickly, his hospital bills consumed their emergency savings and the couple began drawing on his retirement benefits much earlier than expected.

“At least five of his cancer specialists weren’t covered by our insurance,” Deanne says. “And one day the hospital would charge $300 for one drug and the next day it would cost $750. It’s like it just keeps coming and you can’t stop it.”

Lee died in August, less than six months after his diagnosis. Deanne was left with more than $100,000 in hospital and physicians’ bills, she estimates -- an amount far too inadequate for her savings to cover. Six years away from reaching full retirement age herself, she’s begun looking for full-time work for the first time in more than two decades. On the recommendation of a friend, she enlisted the help of a financial advisor who specializes in helping widows and widowers.

“We had planned to retire at 67 and we had everything planned out,” Deanne says. “Now, there is no plan.”

Spiraling medical debt

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Like so many Americans who’ve been financially crushed by medical bills, Deanne’s expenses became an unmanageable burden.



A report by financial education website Nerdwallet.com released today shines new light on medical debt’s crippling effect on American households. Between 2010 and 2013, American households lost $2,300 in median income, but their healthcare expenses rose by $1,814, according to Nerdwallet. Out-of-pocket healthcare costs are expected to accelerate to a 5.5% annual growth rate by 2023 – more than twice as fast as the national economy, which grew by 1.9% last year.

“We found that one in three dollars that are currently in debt collections are actually medical, which we found quite shocking,” says Christina LaMontagne, general manager of NerdWallet Health and author of the report.



Medical debt triggers more than 60% of bankruptcy filings in the U.S. According to a September Bankrate survey, 44% of consumers making less than $30,000 a year say they have more medical debt than emergency savings.

Further complicating matters is America’s notoriously confounding medical billing system. A widely cited May 2013 study by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services found that hospitals sometimes charge 10 to 20 times what Medicare typically reimburses for a service (Medicare estimates are often used as a baseline for medical service pricing). According to Nerdwallet’s study, two-thirds of adults said they have received medical bills that cost more than they were initially quoted, and hospital billing errors resulted in overcharges of up to 26%.

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