BYDOGOSZCZ, POLAND — Determined to work more closely together, the foreign ministers of France, Germany and Poland agreed on Friday to an ambitious program that included pushing for tougher sanctions against Belarus, and for the European Union to establish its own civil and military planning headquarters independent of NATO.

In this elegant city in northwestern Poland, the Foreign Ministers Alain Juppé of France, Guido Westerwelle of Germany and Radek Sikorski of Poland interspersed bonhomie with frank talk, showing how much relations have improved among the countries, after a past based on enmity and distrust.

The ministers said a European should be the next managing director of the International Monetary Fund after the resignation of Dominique Strauss-Kahn.

They also agreed that President Barack Obama’s speech delivered on Thursday on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict showed a link between changes sweeping the Middle East and a resolution to that intractable problem.