A pioneering physics professor has been recognised for her work in the "space race of the computing era" by being named the 2018 New South Wales Australian of the Year.

Professor Michelle Yvonne Simmons' research at the University of NSW's Quantum Physics Department could usher in a new era in computing.

She received the gong at a function at Sydney's Museum of Contemporary Art, at Circular Quay, tonight.

Five years ago, Professor Simmons and her team developed the world's first transistor made from a single atom, as well as the world's thinnest wire.

She aims to build a quantum computer, powerful enough to solve problems in minutes which would otherwise take thousands of years.

She is now in the running for the title of Australian of the Year, to be announced on January 25 in Canberra.

NSW Premier Gladys Berejiklian said the awards recognised significant contributions to the community.

"Their dedication to the issues that affect our state and our nation ignites discussion, raises awareness and improves our lives," she said.

"Leading by example, they inspire all of us to make a difference in our communities.

"On behalf of the people of NSW I thank them for their contribution to NSW and wish everyone the very best of luck for the national announcement."

Catherine Hamlin AC, 93, was recognised for her decades of service as an obstetrician and surgeon working with African women by being named the NSW Senior Australian of the Year.

Dr Hamlin and her late husband Reginald Hamlin founded a network of six hospitals and a midwifery college in Ethiopia.

The 2018 NSW Young Australian of the Year is 17-year-old scientist and inventor Macinley Butson, who developed a shield that can be used by breast cancer patients to protect themselves while undergoing radiotherapy.

Meanwhile, trailblazing maths teacher Eddie Woo was named the 2018 NSW Local Hero.

He has more than 80,000 subscribers on his online "Wootube" channel, and his videos have had more than 6 million views worldwide.