During his campaign, Donald Trump lashed U.S. presidents for cutting “stupid” foreign deals, alleging that they gave too much away to allies and adversaries alike, and insisted “the world is laughing at America’s politicians.”

National security and foreign policy experts called him naive and reckless, and warned that sensitive global diplomacy is nothing like the bare-knuckled world of New York real estate or the raw voyeurism of reality TV.

Now, as he prepares to meet North Korean leader Kim Jong Un in a historic nuclear summit in Singapore, President Trump is putting his much-touted negotiating skills and his iconoclastic worldview to the ultimate test.

“There’s no way to exaggerate how important the summit is for President Trump,” said the presidential historian Douglas Brinkley.


If Trump succeeds, “suddenly he could say, ‘There’s a method to my madness, that it is about the art of the deal, and I am a big-time negotiator,’” Brinkley said.

Trump keeps shifting goals on North Korea, from ‘fire and fury’ to denuclearization to a meet-and-greet »

But if it fails, Tuesday’s summit becomes a capstone to Trump’s mounting domestic problems, including the Russia investigation and his stalled legislative agenda, from immigration to healthcare.

“His whole presidency is in danger,” Brinkley said.


To Trump, the summit itself has been the big prize, even though his predecessors avoided meeting North Korea’s leaders for fear of giving a photo op to an outlaw dynasty.

“Ultimately he’s going to decide what is good enough for denuclearization regardless of the history or anything else,” said Victor Cha, who headed Asian affairs in the National Security Council under President George W. Bush and took part in nuclear talks with North Korea at the time.

Cha worries that Trump, who has shunned diplomacy in other parts of the world, is choosing to make his maiden attempt at a peace deal in North Korea.

“He has picked the hardest issue to do this, with the highest stakes, when everybody else has failed before him,” said Cha, whom Trump briefly considered to serve as the top envoy to South Korea. “And it’s not like everybody else is stupid.”


Trump has rejected experts at every step in his march to the summit. He tweeted cartoonish taunts of Kim last year, threatened to unleash “fire and fury … like the world has never seen,” and then impulsively reversed course by accepting Kim’s invitation to meet, with little to no consultation from aides.

He has rejected lengthy briefings arms control, and alarmed key allies in Tokyo and Seoul by saying he planned to wing it after he sizes up Kim in person. He also surprised diplomats by saying he would stop calling for “maximum pressure” on Pyongyang, and suggesting more summits with Kim, although the White House denied those were concessions.

Trump told reporters Saturday as he departed a G-7 meeting in Canada and prepared to board Air Force One for Singapore that he would know “within the first minute” of meeting Kim whether they could reach a deal.

“Just my touch, my feel. That’s what I do,” he said.


“It’s unknown territory in the truest sense, but I really feel confident,” he added. Kim “wants to do something great for his people … and he won’t have that opportunity again. It’s a one-time shot, and I think it’s going to work out very well.”

In Trump’s rush to press the flesh with Kim, he has forced his own national security team to upend the usual planning for a presidential summit. Normally, diplomats and subject experts patiently hammer out agreements before allowing the leaders to meet in carefully scripted settings.

The summit typically comes last, in part because meeting a U.S. president is viewed as an incentive and a reward, a chance to be seen as coequals on the global stage. In Kim’s case, the summit provides invaluable propaganda for perhaps the globe’s biggest pariah.

‘Respected again’? Trump’s claim for America strikes many allies and diplomats as ‘preposterous’ »


For Trump, the question is whether he can gain enough from Kim to declare a major foreign policy achievement, one that eluded the presidents he so often disdains. He has vacillated in recent weeks, initially demanding swift nuclear disarmament, and then last Friday telling a North Korean envoy, “Take your time.”

Trump has sought to lower the bar for success. He no longer talks about winning a Nobel Peace Prize or throwing a celebration when the talks conclude. He instead described his Singapore sit-down with Kim as a “getting-to-know-you meeting, plus.”

Even some of Trump’s doubters carry shards of hope, and a bit of wonderment, that his unconventional diplomacy may crack the North Korean enigma and produce a meaningful deal to cut if not eliminate the nuclear threat.

“Donald Trump doesn’t have to be a genius. He just has to say ‘yes’ at the proper time,” said Robert L. Gallucci, a former ambassador at large who led nuclear talks with North Korea in 1994 for the Clinton administration.


Some experts credit Trump’s idiosyncratic tweets and bluster with keeping the summit alive, despite a few somersaults along the way, even as they worry that he has given up considerable leverage in the process — and that North Korea can’t be trusted to keep its promises in any case.

Catherine Killough, who focuses on North Korea’s nuclear and missile development at the Ploughshares Fund, a global security foundation in Washington, said she believes “the stars have aligned on the Korean peninsula.”

Kim does not behave like his father or grandfather, who ruled the country before him and were driven to develop nuclear weapons with singular focus, she said. Now that he has achieved that goal, Kim has made clear he wants to improve North Korea’s fragile economy, which could get a huge boost if he strikes a deal with Trump.

“I have a very cynical view of President Trump, but I think at the same time this could work,” Killough said. “We don’t get very far by repeating the same old tactics.”


Kim has vowed to stop nuclear and ballistic missile tests, and his government said it destroyed a major nuclear test site inside a mountain. It also released three Americans it had imprisoned, two of them arrested since Trump took office.

But most Korea experts believe Kim is gaining far more than he has given up so far.

In addition to no longer demanding swift disarmament, Trump has relaxed some of the economic and diplomatic pressure Kim faces from global powers. Trade has measurably ticked up as China and Russia ease back on enforcing sanctions.

Moreover, the leader of one of the world’s most isolated and repressive nations is suddenly in demand on the international circuit. He made his first two foreign trips as ruler, visiting China twice since March to meet with and stroll on a beach with President Xi Jinping, apparently ending the estrangement between them.


Russia’s foreign minister, Sergei Lavrov, flew to Pyongyang to meet Kim for the first time. So did Secretary of State Mike Pompeo — twice, though first as CIA director.

Trump also has disavowed comments from his hawkish national security advisor, John Bolton, after Pyongyang complained about them and threatened to cancel the summit. Bolton was nowhere to be seen when Trump welcomed a North Korean official to the Oval Office last Friday, and later personally escorted him to his car by the TV cameras.

Trump often acts on impulse. But he is guided by long-term instincts, including a desire to surprise people, prove the experts wrong and do things others failed to do.

His boldest foreign policy decisions have all fit those parameters: withdrawing from the Paris climate accord, pulling out of the Iran nuclear deal, imposing steel and aluminum tariffs on Mexico, Canada and the European Union, and moving the U.S. Embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. Each, for differing reasons, has enraged allies.


“He has been told so many times” since he started running for president “you can’t do that, you can’t say that ... the world will fall apart, the mountains will crater ... bad things will happen,” Kellyanne Conway, who serves as counselor to the president, told reporters at a breakfast this week sponsored by the Christian Science Monitor.

She paused to consider her words. “It’s not that he does it because he says, ‘I’m going to show you.’ It’s because he thinks it’s the right thing to do, and that it’s a matter often of presidential leadership and the will to get it done,” she said.

But the biographers who have studied Trump’s career since he was an apprentice in his father’s real estate company say Trump relies far more on his salesmanship than actual deal-making prowess.

They see the Kim summit as unlikely to focus on the details of denuclearization but rather as a political play designed for a domestic base that likes to see a president in perpetual motion.


They predict Trump will take what he can from Kim — be it a photo op, a genuine disarmament deal or something in between — so long as he can sell it as a big win back home.

In his business career, “he was all about ballyhoo and demands,” said Michael D’Antonio, the author of “Never Enough,” a Trump biography. “But when it came down to the actual deal, he never did better than anyone else.”

Follow the latest news of the Trump administration on Essential Washington »

Times staff writers Tracy Wilkinson and David Lauter contributed to this report.


noah.bierman@latimes.com | Twitter: @noahbierman

UPDATES:

June 9, 9:50 a.m.: This article was updated comments Trump made before leaving for Singapore.


This article was originally published at 9:30 a.m. June 7.