Ukraine leader 'still wants EU deal' Published duration 12 December 2013

media caption EU's Catherine Ashton: "Yanukovych has made it clear to me that he intends to sign the association agreement"

Ukraine's President Viktor Yanukovych intends to sign a deal on closer EU ties after all, EU foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton has told reporters.

She was speaking as pro-EU protesters continued to paralyse the centre of Kiev over the president's decision not to sign the EU association agreement.

His U-turn late last month followed pressure from Russia.

President Vladimir Putin said in Moscow that he still hoped Ukraine would join a regional customs union.

But he insisted that Russia did not want anything imposed on anyone.

Baroness Ashton told reporters in Brussels that Mr Yanukovych had assured her when they met that his aim was to sign the EU agreement.

But she gave no indication of when she expected this to happen.

She said his concern during their talks was the "short-term economic issues" that Ukraine faced.

In a non-binding political gesture, the European Parliament backed the protesters in a resolution

It warned Russia that it might face "counter-measures" if it broke World Trade Organization rules by imposing politically motivated trade sanctions on the EU and its partners.

'Serious economic plan'

Mr Yanukovych pulled out of the deal last month, explaining that Kiev could not afford to sacrifice trade with Russia. While adding that he still aimed to sign the deal, he said Ukraine would need at least 20bn euros (£17bn; $27bn) a year to upgrade its economy.

Baroness Ashton said on Thursday: "It is my view that those challenges, which are real, can be addressed by the support that not only comes from the European Union institutions, but actually by showing that he has a serious economic plan in signing the association agreement also will help to bring in the kind of investment that he needs."

image caption Barricades in Independence Square were bigger than ever on Thursday

image caption Catherine Ashton met the Ukrainian president on Wednesday in Kiev

image caption Russian President Putin said on Thursday a customs union was not being imposed on Ukraine

The Ukrainian government's handling of the pro-EU protests in Independence Square in Kiev has drawn criticism from both the European Union and the US.

Police moved into the main protest camp early on Wednesday, prompting US Secretary of State John Kerry to express "disgust" at the government's treatment of a peaceful protest.

At least nine people were detained. The US state department said later it was considering a range of responses including sanctions.

After her meeting with Mr Yanukovych on Thursday, the EU foreign policy chief said she had insisted on the release of anyone arrested because of the protests and that the Ukrainian president had assured her that would happen

Trade calculations

Moscow is concerned an EU free trade deal with Kiev would flood the Russian market and wants Ukraine to sign up to a Eurasian customs union that includes Belarus and Kazakhstan. Armenia and Kyrgyzstan are also planning to join.

In his annual address to the Russian parliament on Thursday, President Putin said he hoped a solution to Ukraine's crisis could be found and insisted the customs union would not be forced on Kiev.

"We are not imposing anything on anyone, but if our [Ukrainian] friends want joint work (on the customs union) we are ready for a continuation of that work at expert level," he said.

"I'm sure achieving Eurasian integration will only increase interest from our other neighbours, including from our Ukrainian partners."

Pro-EU protesters have filled the centre of Kiev since Ukraine pulled out of the EU deal. The biggest demonstration so far was at the weekend, when hundreds of thousands of people thronged Independence Square and a short distance away tore down a statue of Lenin.

BBC correspondent Steve Rosenberg described the barricades in the square on Thursday as bigger than ever.

Protesters erected barriers of metal pipes and sand bags packed with snow to ward off any further attempt by the authorities to empty the square.

The demonstration is seen as a sign of widespread frustration with Ukraine's economic malaise and failure to root out cronyism and corruption.

Reforms

Closer ties with the EU could make the economy more open and transparent, meeting EU standards on competition, regulation and investor protection. Many Ukrainian protesters want their country to catch up with East European neighbours who benefit from EU aid and trade in the huge single market.

But the EU partnership requires far-reaching reforms - unlike Russia's customs union. And the EU has ruled out providing tens of billions of euros to help Ukraine's economy adapt.

The government and its supporters fear that economic liberalisation would put at risk many enterprises reliant on trade with Russia. Moscow has already put economic pressure on Ukraine, with customs delays and a ban on Ukrainian chocolates, and could escalate such measures.