Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption Climate change protesters explain why they glued themselves to a lorry

Nearly 300 climate change activists have been arrested after roads were blocked in central London, amid protests aimed at shutting the capital.

A second day of disruption took place after Extinction Rebellion campaigners camped overnight at Waterloo Bridge, Parliament Square and Oxford Circus.

Up to 500,000 people were affected by the diversion of 55 bus routes.

The Met said 290 people had been arrested. During protests in Edinburgh, 29 arrests were made.

Organisers said protests had been held in more than 80 cities across 33 countries.

In London, motorists face gridlocked traffic on a number of alternative routes, such as Westminster Bridge and Blackfriars Bridge.

Transport for London warned bus users that routes would remain on diversion or terminate early.

Mayor of London Sadiq Khan said although he "shared the passion" of the activists, he was "extremely concerned" about plans some had to disrupt the Tube on Wednesday.

"Ongoing demonstrations are causing serious disruption to public transport, local businesses and Londoners who wish to go about their daily business," Ch Supt Colin Wingrove, of the Met, said.

Image copyright DANIEL LEAL-OLIVAS/AFP/Getty Images Image caption Police have arrested people on Waterloo Bridge

Campaigners have been ordered to restrict their protests to Marble Arch after they caused widespread disruption on Monday. That order will continue until 21:10 on Friday.

Three men and two women, in their 40s and 50s, arrested on suspicion of criminal damage at Shell's headquarters in London on Monday, have since been released while inquiries continue.

The majority of the other protesters detained have been held on suspicion of public order offences.

Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Protesters formed a human blockade and resisted requests for them to disperse, police said

Mr Khan said it was "absolutely crucial" to get more people to use public transport to tackle climate change, and urged the protesters not to disrupt the Tube.

"Targeting public transport in this way would only damage the cause of all of us who want to tackle climate change, as well as risking Londoners' safety, and I'd implore anyone considering doing so to think again," he said.

But Extinction Rebellion has said it wanted to "shut down London" until 29 April.

It called for "reinforcements" to help maintain the roadblock at Waterloo Bridge.

Image copyright Reuters Image caption Demonstrators performed on Waterloo Bridge despite police warning that anyone refusing to move on would be arrested

Hundreds of protesters tried to hinder the police effort to move them on, including four who glued and chained themselves under a lorry parked on the bridge.

Ben Moss, 42, from Islington, north London, said he had glued himself to the bars of the lorry as "personal action to the moral issue of the climate crisis and ecological collapse".

"I'm doing this because I want the government to do something. I've got a week off work - if more is necessary I can make my excuses," he added.

Image caption Four people glued and chained themselves to a lorry on Waterloo Bridge

Image copyright PA Image caption An order has restricted protesters to gathering in the area around Marble Arch

On Monday, a pink boat was parked in the centre of Oxford Circus where some activists locked their arms together with makeshift devices, while oil company Shell's headquarters on Belvedere Road were vandalised.

What is Extinction Rebellion?

Since its launch last year, members have shut bridges, poured buckets of fake blood outside Downing Street, blockaded the BBC and stripped semi-naked in Parliament.

It has three core demands: for the government to "tell the truth about climate change", reduce carbon emissions to zero by 2025, and create a citizens' assembly to oversee progress.

Controversially, the group is trying to get as many people arrested as possible.

One of the group's founders, Roger Hallam, believes that mass participation and civil disobedience maximise the chances of social change.

But critics say they cause unnecessary disruption and waste police time when forces are already overstretched.

The second day of action included speeches at Parliament Square about how to tackle climate change.

Many people trying to travel across London criticised the disruption, while others said the vandalism was "disgusting".

Peter Newport said on Twitter: "I agree with freedom of speech but if I can't get to work it's costing me money."

At the scene

By Shamaan Freeman-Powell, BBC News

Image copyright DANIEL LEAL-OLIVAS/AFP/Getty Images Image caption Oxford Street has been empty of traffic since activists parked a pink boat in Oxford Circus on Monday

Oxford Circus is usually one of the busiest crossroads in London, but only scores of protesters and bemused onlookers can be found in the middle of the road today.

Food stalls offering free porridge, and clothing lines for dirty laundry have been erected.

Children as young as six are making use of the freshly-drawn hopscotch, running around the tents and flying colourful banners.

One campaigner, who attended the protest with her two children, says she was protesting for the people who are "the most vulnerable, and least responsible for climate change".

Her nine-year-old daughter says she wishes her school taught her more on the issue.

Most protesters say the police have been encouraging - despite the number of arrests - although taxi drivers and shoppers complained of the disruption.

The government said it shared "people's passion" to combat climate change and "protect our planet for future generations".

The Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy said the UK had cut its emissions by 44% since 1990.

A spokesman said: "We've asked our independent climate experts for advice on a net zero emissions target and set out plans to transition to low emission vehicles and significantly reduce pollution through our Clean Air Strategy."

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