With the blessing of local officials, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management has banned target shooting on more than 2,000 acres on Utah Lake’s western shore, where unregulated gunfire has damaged rock art, sparked fires, threatened public safety and left a spiderweb of tracks and bullet scars on boulders, trees and other natural features.

Public lands along State Road 68 have long been a favorite spot for practicing marksmanship, but now about 50,000 people a year visit this area to shoot, often hauling in appliances, televisions and vehicles and leaving their obliterated remains behind along with countless casings and other pieces of “trigger trash.” Stray bullets crossed the highway, while ancient petroglyphs were covered with paint that exploded from cans illegally used as targets.

After bullet strikes ignited a wildfire in 2012 that threatened Saratoga Springs, the BLM imposed a temporary closure on 900 acres and started developing a shooting management plan a few years later.

On Thursday, it released a final plan after three years of give-and-take with Utah County leaders and target shooters.

"The BLM strives to be a good neighbor, which starts with listening to local voices in the communities where we live and work,” the agency’s deputy director for programs and policy, Brian Steed, said in a news release. “With the great feedback we received over the course of this effort, I am confident that we’ve struck a balance that ensures public safety and maintains access to shooting-sports enthusiasts.”

The final decision, which does not limit hunting, scales back the 3,450-acre closure proposed in a draft plan released two years ago.

“Some of that 3,400 acres wasn’t necessary to ban shooting to meet our objectives. Our goal was to minimize the prohibition to the smallest area possible,” said Matt Preston, the BLM’s Salt Lake field office manager. The agency confined the closure to sites along the highway, next to a formal firing range under development, and near petroglyphs chiseled into the rocks hundreds of years ago by Fremont Indians.

Brian Maffly | The Salt Lake Tribune Mike Sheehan, a BLM archaeologist, describes ancient petroglyphs at UtahÕs Lake Mountains that have been damaged by gunfire.

The Utah Shooting Sports Council had panned that draft plan, arguing that it would unnecessarily punish law-abiding shooters who frequent the spot less than a half-hour drive from Provo and Draper. On Thursday, the group’s chairman, Clark Aposhian, said he was not familiar enough with the final plan to offer comment.

Complicating the picture is the area’s landownership pattern that interweaves federal, state and private land. The largest property owner, the Utah School and Institutional Trust Lands Administration (SITLA), closed 1,500 acres in the wake of temporary closures on neighboring federal land that displaced shooters onto state land. Those lands will remain closed to target shooting but are open to hunting and other recreational uses.

"This is a major accomplishment,” said SITLA Deputy Director Kim Christy of the BLM plan. “This has been a long process. We are extremely pleased with the decision that has been rendered. I believe this an example of how collaboration works, not just between us and BLM, but with Utah County.”

The county is expected to play a larger roll managing recreation there under an agreement that is soon to be hammered out with state and federal officials.

“Utah County prioritizes public safety and recognizes the value of cultural resources for the benefit of current and future generations,” County Commissioner Bill Lee said. “The new rule allows us to plan for the future of Utah County development while maintaining opportunities across the Lake Mountains for recreating, including target shooting.”

In a related development, the BLM deeded a 160-acre section to Utah County for a public firing range. That facility on Soldier Pass Road is nearing completion and is available for limited use.

Brian Maffly | The Salt Lake Tribune A man, who identified himself as Tony, takes aim at paper targets with a 9mm handgun on public lands west of Utah Lake. The Bureau of Land Management has initiated a public process to revise a management plan on a 9,000-acre area on the Lake Mountains to help curb impacts associated with target shooting, including dumping, damage to ancient rock art, wildland fire, and threats to public safety. Stray bullets are known to have crossed State Route 68 and to have struck cows and a residence.

The BLM shooting ban took effect Thursday, and the agency anticipates stepped-up patrols and outreach to inform the shooting public of the new rules.

“You risk a citation with a small potential for imprisonment," Preston said. “That’s a scenario we don’t imagine happening.”

Despite these closures, shooters still have places to set up targets, although they will have to drive a little farther.