Brief Summary:

Background:

Post-Infectious Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (PI-ME/CFS) refers to long-lasting and disabling fatigue or malaise, inability to recover after exercise, and physical and emotional discomfort that may occur after a person has an infection. Researchers want to learn more about its causes.

Objective:

To learn more about PI-ME/CFS.

Eligibility:

Adults ages 18-60 years who have finished at least 7th grade education and either:

have ME/CFS that started after an infection

OR had Lyme disease, were treated, and returned to normal health

OR are healthy volunteers

Design:

Participants will initially have a 2-5 day inpatient visit at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center in Bethesda. During the visit, participants will have:

Medical history

Physical exam

Intravenous (IV) line. A thin plastic tube is inserted into a vein.

Blood and urine collected

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Participants will lie in a machine that takes pictures of their brain. They may get a dye through their IV.

Grip strength tested

Saliva, cheek swab, and stool collected

Tilt table test with measures of body functions such as sweating and breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate and blood and urine sample collection

Collection of blood cells. Participants can choose to have the blood drawn through the IV or through a machine that filters blood cells and returns the liquid blood back into the participant s vein.

Lumbar puncture. Fluid will be removed by placement of a needle between the back bones.

Heart monitoring

Sleep study for participants with PI ME/CFS

Questions about the participant s life and how they are feeling

Questions from a neuropsychologist

Questions from an occupational therapist for participants with PI ME/CFS

Questinos from a nutritionist

After the initial visit participants will return home. Participants evaluated for PI-ME/CFS during the first visit will have their information reviewed by an adjudication panel of experts in the diagnosis and care of ME/CFS to determine if they are eligible to participate in the second study visit.

Eligible participants will be invited back for a second study visit. If a participant was taking certain medications during the first visit, they may be asked to taper off of them prior to the second visit and report any problems. They will also receive an activity monitor, fatigue diary, and nutrition log to use for at least one week prior to their second visit.

Participants who are eligible will return for a 5-10 day inpatient hospital visit at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center. During the visit, participants will undergo measurements before and up to 96 hours after performing a stationary bike exercise test. The purpose of the exercise test is to provoke ME/CFS symptoms (post-exertional malaise). Tests will be performed before and after exercise testing. These include:

Sleeping in a room that measures how the body uses energy with EEG monitoring

Eating a controlled diet

Performing vigorous exercise for 10-15 minutes

Questions about how participants are feeling

Questions about what participants usually eat

Samples of saliva, blood, urine and stool

Wearing an activity monitor

Having an Xray that measures body composition

Thinking and memory tests

Heart monitoring

Transcranial magnetic stimulation. A brief electrical current to the scalp creates a magnetic pulse that affects brain activity.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Participants will lie in a machine that takes pictures of their brain. They will do thinking and exercise tasks during the MRI.

Lumbar puncture. Fluid will be removed by placement of a needle between the back bones.