SoftBank, which has invested about $10.5 billion in WeWork, has more than its investment in the company at stake. A collapse of WeWork could hurt SoftBank’s efforts to raise a second Vision Fund, a sequel to its roughly $100 billion technology investment fund.

JPMorgan also has extensive ties to WeWork. It was one of the lead underwriters of the aborted I.P.O. and has made large loans to Mr. Neumann. The bank had been leading talks with WeWork to renegotiate a $6 billion financing package that was tied to the public offering.

WeWork’s need for cash is behind the urgent efforts. The company’s rapid expansion requires a steady stream of money to pay rent and refurbish new locations.

In the 18 months through the end of June, WeWork used nearly $4 billion to fund operations and expand into new spaces. It could not have done all of that without a huge flow of cash from SoftBank.

The I.P.O. and loans contingent on the offering were expected to raise as much as $10 billion. WeWork must now try to get by with a much smaller financial infusion.

Some Wall Street analysts had estimated that WeWork would run out of cash by the middle of next year at its recent growth rate. But other experts say the company is already facing a financial squeeze.

Vicki Bryan, chief executive of Bond Angle, a research firm, said WeWork might have been able to tap into only $1.5 billion of the $2.5 billion that it said it had at the end of June. Use of the rest of the money appears to be restricted because it included customer security deposits or because it was held by the company’s subsidiaries, she said.