Guilty plea comes days before Arthur Budovsky, co-founder of Liberty Reserve, was to go on trial accused of enabling criminals to launder more than US$6bn

This article is more than 4 years old

This article is more than 4 years old

The co-founder of the Liberty Reserve digital currency service has pleaded guilty to money laundering conspiracy, days before he was to go on trial accused by US prosecutors of enabling criminals worldwide to launder more than US$6bn.



Arthur Budovsky, 42, admitted he knew Costan Rican-based Liberty Reserve was “susceptible” to be used by criminals, including for Ponzi schemes. He pleaded guilty in Manhattan federal court on Friday.

“I knew what I did was illegal,” Budovsky, in blue jail clothing, told US District Judge Denise Cote.

Budovsky faces up to 20 years in prison. He is scheduled to be sentenced on 6 May.

Liberty Reserve operated what US prosecutors called one of the world’s most widely used digital currency services, which was used by criminals involved in hacking, child pornography and drug trafficking.

The company was shut down in May 2013 amid US efforts to crack down on the use of digital currencies including bitcoin to evade law enforcement and launder illicit proceeds.

Authorities have called the case the largest international money laundering prosecution in history, involving more than $6bn of proceeds from 2006 to 2013.

Four people previously pleaded guilty in the Liberty Reserve case, including Budovsky’s co-founder Vladimir Kats.

Budovsky and Kats, 44, previously were convicted in 2006 on New York state charges for operating an unlicensed money transmitting business, the Goldage digital currency exchange.

In court Budovsky said Katz in 2002 approached him about developing Liberty Reserve and they launched its website in 2005.

It was incorporated a year later in Costa Rica, prosecutors said. Budovsky, who had been living in New York, later renounced his US citizenship and became a Costa Rican citizen.

Prosecutors said Liberty Reserve users would buy and redeem its digital currency, LR, through third-party exchangers who in turn bought and sold LR in bulk from Liberty Reserve.

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Liberty Reserve did not require users to validate their identities, prosecutors said, allowing an undercover Secret Service agent to establish an account for a “Joe Bogus” from “Completely Made Up City, New York, United States”.

The website became a hub for criminals, facilitating identity theft, investment fraud, computer hacking, child pornography and narcotics trafficking, prosecutors said.

Some of the top websites driving traffic offered stolen credit card data, prosecutors said, while about $1.4bn in transactions were tied to online Ponzi schemes.