Milankovitch cycles have pushed us in the right direction but we have not, as yet, fully accounted for the timing of events * regarding glacial / interglacial cycles and it has become clear that some other variable is still missing ... Additionally, the present ' silent consensus ' on the causes of Ice Ages is, " we don't really know why Ice Ages occur "... ...perhaps The Orbital Variance Theory © provides the missing information. * The "traditional" Milankovitch Cycles explanation struggles to explain the dominance of the 100,000 year cycle over the last 8 cycles



Summary : The Orbital Variance Theory © lives within the realm of theoretical orbital mechanics.

The Orbital Variance Theory postulates that the Earth's orbit around the Sun gradually and routinely expands and contracts. The time span between the theorized contraction and expansion of the Earth's orbit takes place over eons (Ice Ages to global tropical climates).



Note: ICE AGES are periods in the earth's history when a significant, extended cooling of the atmosphere and ocean took place. Although continental ice sheets withdrew from North America and Europe about 10,000 years ago, at the end of the Pleistocene epoch, many scientists believe that the Quaternary Ice Age is not over yet . Evidence of earlier ice ages also suggests a recurring or cyclical pattern of the Earth's cooling and then heating and this has caused many scientists to conclude that Milankovitch Cycles do not supply all of the answers.



(as described herein) also accounts for (contributes to) the phenomenon known as the RE -cession of the Equinox. The orbital variance is measured by Orbital Variancealso accounts forthe phenomenon known as the Precession of the Equinox and also includes a-cession of the Equinox. The orbital variance is measured by 3.14 seconds ( of time ) daily.

The 3.14 ( cumulative ) seconds ( of time ) is the temporal measure of how much closer to the Sun we had moved since the day before (while in a PRE -cessional phase) . There is more (below) on this regarding the arithmetic of precession



According to measurements taken at the According to measurements taken at the Great Pyramid , ( and interpreted by myself ) t he length of a year varies, over eons of time, from:

363.61 days (exactly 363.6102608 days) ( when the Earth is the closest to the Sun, i.e. Global Warming ) to

366.75 days (exactly 366.7518535 days) ( when the Earth is farthest from the Sun, i.e. Ice Ages ).

The mean length of a year is NOT 365.2422 days but is 365.18 days (exactly 365.1810572 days).

As the mean length of an 'Orbital Variance' year is 365.18 days, we have NOT, as yet, passed the

'half way mark' as we gradually move towards the Orbital Variance's perihelion ( closest to the Sun ) .



In other words, we are at the tail end of the most recent Ice Age and gradually headed towards relatively 'tropical' global weather.



Ice Age Arithmetic



"God is the Great Geometer"

Plato

The traditional Milankovitch Cycles explanation struggles to explain the dominance of the approximately 100,000 year cycle over the last 8 cycles; perhaps The Orbital Variance Theory © can fill in the missing blanks.



Additionally, the present ' silent consensus ' on the causes of Ice Ages is, "we don't really know why Ice Ages occur". Enter.... The Orbital Variance Theory ©



Presently the difference (in distance) from when the Earth (annually) is closest to the Sun (Perihelion) and farthest from the Sun (Aphelion) is a 'function' of Pi or 3,141,593 miles (pi times 1,000,000).

Perihelion >>>> 3,141,593 miles <<<< Aphelion Quite remarkable! I call this an expression of The Pi Factor ©

The fluctuations between the Perihelion and the Aphelion contribute significantly to temperature fluctuations on the Earth. These 'fluctuations', it seems, do NOT contribute to long term global warming (because they 'come and go' annually because of the Earth's elliptical orbit ) but, rather, work in tandem with the Earth's annual back-and-forth tilt on her axis, and together they result in seasonal changes with accompanying variations in temperature.



The Orbital Variance Theory © hypothesizes an additional 'orbital variance' that is cumulative and results in climate variances that produce periodic Ice Ages and periodic Tropical Global Weather (Global Warming). These same orbital variances also result in the 'apparent'



Time , as we measure it, is simply the 'circumference' of two 'circles' (cycles):

1) The Earth's daily axis rotation ( a day ) and

2) The Earth's annual circle around the Sun ( a year )

As such, 'pi' and 'time' The Orbital Variance Theory © hypothesizes an additional 'orbital variance'and results in climate variances that produce periodic Ice Ages and periodic Tropical Global Weather (Global Warming). These same orbital variances also result in the 'apparent' Precession of the Equinoxes ( seem to ) could have a ' hidden relationship '.

The Orbital Variance Theory © embraces the existence of a "Pi / Time" and has determined that 'long term orbital variance' (the type that produces Ice Ages) can be ' measured ' at 3 .14 seconds ( 'pi seconds' ) of time per day.



The . 14 seconds is the mean deviation . The actual deviation, over time, is from 3.11 seconds to 3.17 seconds daily. In other words , the TIME required for the Earth to complete one orbit around the Sun (a year) decreases daily by the rate of 3.14 seconds (of time) and accumulates, annually, to approximately 18 minutes (+-).



Every (approx.) 72 years the annual 18 (+ -) minutes has accumulated to almost one full day, and has done so despite the addition of 'leap years', 'leap seconds', etc. So, after 72 years we actually 'show up early' for the 'Vernal Equinox' and decide that the entire outer visible universe has 'mysteriously' backed-up one whole degree ( day ) * . in the last 72 years! We call this 'backing up' The Precession of The Equinoxes. In fact, we use this 'backing up' to measure and determine the length of astrological ages

Each sign of the zodiac is 30 Degrees of arc. The precessional movement (of the Sun) is 1 degree of 'backwards' movement every 72 years. The length of time that it takes for the Sun to 'precess' (backwards movement) through an entire sign of the zodiac is 2160 years. Each astrological age, then, is 2160 years. Presently (2008) we are in The Age of Pisces. Which means that on the Vernal Equinox ( tropical calendar , Sun enters 0 degrees Aries) the Sun is actually (Sidereal) in the constellation of Pisces. The actual degree where the Sun is, in Pisces and at the Vernal Equinox, reveals where we are, time wise, within the 2160 year astrological age.



This daily 3 . 14 second 'orbital variance' ( as mentioned above ) is cumulative and results not only in The Precession of The Equinoxes but, also, in periodic and radical climate shifts * .

. 14 seconds is the. The actual deviation, over time, is from 3.11 seconds to 3.17 seconds daily.(+-).14 second 'orbital variance'

The present 3.14 second daily decrease is caused by fixed and definite incremental variances in the distance from the Earth to the Sun which go beyond natural 'elliptical' variances ( egg shaped orbit ) and, also, beyond Milankovitch Cycles.



The Earth's orbit of the Sun is revealed to be a 'spiral'

when examined over Aeons of time.





Please note that these calculations are going to vary slightly from present 'consensus' because present 'consensus' calculations of precession are based upon the length of a year being a relative 'constant'.



The 3.14 seconds ( mean ) of time ( in a PREcessional or warming cycle ) accumulates ( actually causing 'apparent' precession ) , and over a period of 72 years it amounts to 'almost' one full 24 hour day [ actual precessional rates vary, over time, from 19.19329333 minutes a year (when Earth is at Aphelion) to 18.99225167 minutes a year (when Earth is at Perihelion ) ] .

The differences are caused by subtle shifts in gravitational energies (primarily from the Sun) as the Earth's orbit expands and contracts, over eons.



The Earth's daily axis rotation is 'quicker' at the Aphelion and slower at the Perihelion. This underscores just how subtle gravity is. A 3,141,593 mile difference (from the Sun) 'translates' into only 'hundredths of a second of time' difference in daily axis rotation.





The daily 3.14 seconds of variance is invisible ( except for 'macro' cycles ) because the Earth's tilt and seasonal changes and daily and incremental shifts in the time of sunrise and sunset make the 3.14 seconds 'hidden' ( invisible ) from direct observation.

The primary expression of the 3.14 seconds is a nano-scopic difference in the distance from the Earth to the Sun. It is reflected in the daily diminishment of the length of a year by 3.14 seconds. The reason for the 3.14 second 'diminishment' is because the Earth's orbit has 'contracted' (Precessional phase) by a microscopic distance that accumulates and has the effect of shortening the length of a year.

The 3.14 second daily difference (mean) accumulates (annually and cumulatively ,year after year) to create the 'apparent illusion' of The Precession of the Equinoxes and is the cause of the periodic shift ( constant Orbital Variances ) from Ice Ages to Global Tropical Weather .





This image (above) depicts (exaggerated) the gradual expansion and subsequent contraction

of the Earth's 'spiral orbit' around the Sun , according to The Orbital Variance Theory ©

According to the O.V.T., the time between the outer orbital cycle and inner orbital cycle is 86,400 years .

One ' full cycle ' is 172,800 years ( outer to inner then back to outer ).

The length of a year while the Earth is closest to the Sun is 363.61 days.

The length of a year while the Earth is farthest from the Sun is 366.75 days.

Presently, we are not quite yet to the 'middle' of the 'contraction' cycle, where the length of a year is 365.18 days.

We are still at the 'tail end' of the most recent Ice Age.





The Orbital Variance Theory © states that the length of a year varies, over the ages, from 363.61 days (exactly 363.6102608 days) ( when the Earth is the closest to the Sun, i.e. Global Warming ) to

366.75 days (exactly 366.7518535 days) ( when the Earth is farthest from the Sun, i.e. Ice Ages ).

This means that the length of a year ( 365.18 days - exactly 365.1810572 days) varies by as much as 3.141592654 days. The ' Pi difference ' amounts to 271,433 . 6053 seconds of time.



So the big question is, "How can you know the number of years that it takes to go from the 'extreme' of one cycle (peak of Ice Age) to the other (peak of Tropical Climate) ? * * *



The answer is 86,400 years (peak of Ice Age - to - peak of Tropical Age) or 172,800 years for one complete cycle (peak of Ice Age - then back to - peak of the next Ice Age) .... all with " Milankovitch Cycles" adding additional intermittent variables but not affecting the overall length of the 'macro' cycles (as stated) .



* * * How?

365.18 (length of mean year, a ' circumference ')

equals = 876,432 hours

equals = 5,258,592 minutes

equals = 31,551,552 seconds (a ' circumference ')

which, when divided by pi

equals = 86,400 which equates, in this instance to 86,400 years from peak of Ice Age to peak of Tropical Climate. It is (represents) the temporal distance between the Orbital Variance's Aphelion (Earth farthest from the Sun) and Perihelion (Earth closest to the Sun) .

Why? Because circumference ( 31,551,552 seconds) divided by 'pi' equals 'the diameter". In this instance (above) ' the diameter ' is the distance between Perihelion & Aphelion.



Note: 86,400 is also the numbers of seconds in a day (a coincidence?) !

According to this method (Pi Factor / Ice Age Arithmetic) one 'day' is the microscopic equivalent to one ice age cycle (cooling then warming); an expression of ' (one cycle each of light and dark)(cooling then warming); an expression of ' The Pi Factor © '.



The method ( calculations ) seems irrational, but who can explain why Pi X D=Circumference?

There is a 'hidden relationship' among all natural temporal cycles and what reveals the relationship is 'pi'. Note: 86,400 is also the numbers of seconds in a dayAccording to this methodone 'day'The methodseems irrational, but who can explain why PiD=Circumference?There is a 'hidden relationship' among all natural temporal cycles and what reveals the relationship is 'pi'.



This pi / time relationship seems to be a hidden theme ( revelation ) of The Great Pyramid at Giza.



The relationship exists between 'pi' and 'time' because time, as we measure it, is 'circles'.... (Earth's axis rotation / a day - and solar orbit / a year) . "Time is circles"..... time is 'geometry in motion' and just as all circles have a relationship to 'pi', so too do all natural temporal cycles have a relationship with 'pi' and with each other. As such, a 'second' (of time) is a microcosm of a 'day', which in turn, is a microcosm of a 'year' just as a second of arc is a microcosm of a minute of arc, which in turn, is a microcosm of a degree of arc. Your wristwatch is a base-60 computer that calculates the movement of the Sun. If you have a 24 hour watch-face with 'hands' ( pre-digital ) then the hour hand actually 'tracks' the aparent orbit of the Sun. (See also, The Pi Factor © );



*Please note...

Any use of 'Pi" in a calculation is 'irrational ' until the method is proven to be accurate.

The first person who said that "Pi times the diameter of a circle equals that circle's circumference" was, most probably, thought to be a lunatic.....

until it was demonstrated to be true.

The 'pi' relationship is present on every level of our 'natural' temporal measurements . In a way similar to 'pi' having a 'relatedness' to every circle, regardless of size.

The most 'reasonable' explanation is because 'time', as we measure it, is 'circumference' ( a geometric item ) . The 'circumference' of the Earth's daily axis rotation ( a day ) and the 'circumference' of the Earth's orbit around the star that is our Sun ( a year ) is how we measure 'time'. All 'circles', including the 'circle of time' have a 'relatedness' to 'pi'.







The Orbital Variance Theory ©, eliminates the present (contrived) " Earth Wobble Theory " as the cause ( explanation ) of Precession because no "wobble" alone, could have a cumulative/clockwork effect that could produce the phenomenon of equinoctial precession as we experience it ( approx. 1 degree every 72 years and used to measure the length of astrological ages).

Additionally, I have searched for the 'Vector Math" (internet, libraries, etc.) that 'proves' or justifies 'wobble' as a primary cause of the Precession of The Equinox, and have found absolutely none, what-so-ever. Anyhow, 'precession' (physics/mechanical) describes (also) a gyroscope with a decaying velocity which, in turn, causes, the polar axes (axis plural) to 'wobble'. There is no indication that the Earth's rotational velocity (daily axis rotation) is problematic. Plus, equinoctial precession is the result of our 'showing up early' (Vernal Equinox) and not 'late' as the 'precession' of physics would dictate.





Summary



The Orbital Variance Theory suggests that the actual length of a year varies ( over the eons ) by as much as 3.14 days ( fluctuating 1.57 days on either side of the mean year of 364.84 days ) and that the variance is caused by the gradual ( and natural ) expansion and contraction of the Earth's orbit over millions and millions of years.



The astronomical measurements that we have used to determine the length of a year have been taken within a very small window of about 2000 years. We presume, incorrectly, that our measurements are constants.



The geometry of the Earth's orbit is not constant. Astronomers have defined a mean tropical year as having a length of about 365.24219 (365.2422) days and this number (365.24219) is currently shrinking adding support to The Orbital Variance Theory © .



The Orbital Variance Theory accounts for the cyclical appearance of Ice Ages, Great Floods, and beyond. The shortest year, according to The Orbital Variance Theory ©, is 363.28 days and the Earth's orbit around the Sun proceeds in a great spiral that increases and decreases over aeons.



The difference between the tropical year (calendar) and the sidereal year (stars) is called "Precession of the Equinoxes". The "Orbital Variance Theory ©" contributes to the analysis of the phenomenon of precession by adding into the mix a continual and "slight" contraction (and subsequent expansion, eons later) of the earth's orbit over very long periods of time. The theory has its roots in measurements taken at The Great Pyramid. The tilt of the Earth on her axis accounts for seasonal changes; the expansion and contraction (Orbital Variance Theory ©) of the Earth's orbit accounts for, working in tandem with "Milankovitch Cycles", the extraordinarily "stark" global climate fluctuations. The global climate fluctuations extend from Ice Ages to Great Floods and Global Tropical Climate. Orbital fluctuations are the real long term cause of our present condition of "global warming".

The Orbital Variance Theory also includes a re cession of the equinox which is the bi-polar companion to our present observation of PREcession. The expanding and contracting of the Earth's orbit takes place over such expansive periods of time that recorded history would make no mention nor observation of re cession. The pre cessional period occurs during the gradually contracting phase of the Earth's orbit. The re cessional period occurs during the "expanding" phase. Theoretically there is a mean period where the solar year and sidereal year are identical.



The Mental 'Monkey Bars'

The Great Pyramid is The Rosetta Stone of the Cosmos



I am, somewhat, in very good company in looking to The Great Pyramid for astronomical and calendar related measurements. Sir Isaac Newton attempted to utilize measurements from The Great Pyramid in formulating his theory on gravitation, (He needed to know the exact circumference of the Earth). His initial attempt produced unfavorable results, however, that was because the initial measurements (of the pyramid's base) were not accurate because of debris around the pyramid's base. Newton's second attempt was highly successful.



The word "Pyramid" comes from the two Greek words

"pyra" (fire / light) and "mid" (measures or median measures).



In order to discern the system of measurement used, the exalted and illuminated Sir Issac Newton determined that the architectural arithmetic of the Great Pyramid's base sides should equal (equate to) 365.2422 (present length of tropical year) so he (Newton) created a ratio of 1:1.00106 to make the actual numbers conform because the actual measurements were close but not exact.

The 1.00106 number is now considered to be a 'pyramid inch' and seems to be based upon the British Imperial Inch which is slightly larger than the American inch.



Isaac Newton's 'pyramid inch solution' opened many doors and, as a result of Newton's innovation, many of the pyramid's 'secrets' were gradually brought to light.

(silly stuff...an asortment of inches).

My conclusion is that the "Pyramid Inch" is an ingenious contrivance that was introduced to 'skew' measurements taken at The Great Pyramid to conform to our (then) present understanding of the length of a year. Newtons' innovation was, in fact, an expression of his astounding genius and was well received.



Never Trying to determine what system of measurement was used in the construction of The Great Pyramid has been perplexing to Egyptologists.In order to discern the system of measurement used, the exalted and illuminated Sir Issac Newton determined that the architectural arithmetic of the Great Pyramid's base sides should equal365.2422so he (Newton) created a ratio of 1:1.00106 to make the actual numbers conform because the actual measurements were close but not exact.The 1.00106 number is now considered to be a 'pyramid inch' and seems to be based upon the British Imperial Inch which is slightly larger than the American inch.My conclusion is that the "Pyramid Inch" is an ingenious contrivance that was introduced to 'skew' measurements taken at The Great Pyramid to conform to ourpresent understanding of the length of a year. Newtons' innovation was, in fact, an expression of his astounding genius and was well received.Never - the - less, there is much derision, regarding the seeming fictional 'pyramid inch'. Newton correctly reasoned that the use of the 'pyramid inch ratio' made the numbers involved conform to familiar whole numbers ( i.e., length of a year in days ) . The problem with this approach is that the concept of 'pyramid inches' is based upon numbers that we believe are 'constants' but which, in reality, may not be constants.

The 'derision' part is not based upon Newton's 'Pyramid Inch", rather, it is based upon the rejection of the idea that The Great Pyramid could actually contain vast amounts of astronomical data 'embedded' into its architecture. Perhaps the phrase, "Wonder of The World" may be helpful.



Considering that The Great Pyramid is a monument to light (and to the Sun ) it is reasonable that some association would exist (architectural) that indicates the length of a year (or distance from...) when the Earth is closest to the sun.



Making a precise determination in this matter has been quite a challange because there is so much spin and confusion regarding precise measurements at The Great Pyramid (Even Isaac Newton had pyramid measurement problems) . However, by decoding the symbolism of the pyramid it is quite reasonable to conclude that the actual length of a year varies from eon to eon; I have given my best effort to finding the solution to this matter.



see also, Precession Of The Equinox Note:

W. M. Flinders Petrie's classic book, " The Pyramids and Temples of Gizeh " is considered the definitive tome on the measurements and dimensions of the Great Pyramid. His measurements were in 'British Imperial Inches' and, admittedly, there is a bit of confusion about what system of measurement(s) was employed by the pyramid builders, but Pietrie's work has preserved and annotated the pyramid's many dimensions. Nevertheless, the pyramid's pi ratio is not in question because precision is not the issue in this small essay; the essay is designed to convey the mechanics behind the Orbital Variance Theory©.

There have been complicated and perverse (ha ha) Great Pyramid theories that have been formulated using American and British inches and applying them to the pyramid measurements. The problem with these theories is that many of the conclusions are 'forced'' and we wind up with a creature called 'the pyramid inch' (Sir Issac Newton) that attempts top get the pyramid to conform to our system of measures. These various 'inch' theories are interesting and fun but unreliable, i.e "The pyramid's door is 12 inches thick which is a size 11 man's shoe, so God must wear size 11 loafers".