The Lowe's LoweBot. Lowe's The rise of automation in the fast-food industry has made headlines in recent months, as chains such as Panera and McDonald's have heavily invested in tech that threatens to eventually replace human workers. Robots can make sushi, noodles, burgers, and pancakes.

Now the grocery and retail industry is looking to get in on automation as well.

Walmart recently patented a system of self-driving shopping carts with mini robots that can complete a long list of duties once reserved for human employees. These motorized units can potentially move containers; scan, retrieve, and deliver products; check inventory; retrieve trash; and even connect with customers.

All this may sound like science fiction, but the automation of retail jobs isn't so far off.

In late August, Lowe's announced that, starting this fall, 11 locations in the San Francisco Bay Area will feature LoweBots, which are multilingual, autonomous customer assistance robots.

In the grocery industry, self-checkout stands have become standard. And the industry is now looking for more ways to use tech to streamline shopping and minimize the need for human employees.

Whole Foods 365's ordering kiosks. Reuters

Whole Foods 365 stores, for example, have iPad kiosks that let customers order food from the on-site kitchen, iPads with digital scanners to provide details about wine, digital scales for weighing foods, and digital price tags. The reliance on tech over employees is intended to both cut costs — allowing for lower prices —and appeal to millennial shoppers.

Retailers like Walmart say one of the major advantages of automation is a better customer experience.

"In a modern retail store environment, there is a need to improve the customer experience and/or convenience for the customer," Walmart's patent reads.

Images of the self-driving shopping carts from Walmart's patent. US Patent and Trademark Office

Walmart's patent notes that robots could help solve some of its major challenges, like insufficient staffing during peak hours, workers who are undertrained because of high turnover rates, messy aisles, and theft — all things that could be addressed by using robots.

Robots also make good workers — they never need a vacation, never get sick, and arrive at work 100% trained.

Customer experience is especially important for brick-and-mortar retailers in 2016, thanks to the growth of e-commerce sites such as Amazon. The online retailer is aiming to take over sectors from clothing to grocery — and companies are scared.

"With increasing competition from nontraditional shopping mechanisms, such as online shopping provided by e-commerce merchants and alternative store formats, it can be important for 'brick and mortar' retailers to focus on improving the overall customer experience and/or convenience," Walmart's patent reads.

Amazon's lack of physical stores has helped it thrive, as the company can avoid issues — like long lines, lack of customer service, and stocking problems — that retailers have to deal with.

Amazon has arguably led the charge toward automation. In 2014, the online retailer deployed Kiva robots across its warehouses to automate the retrieving and packaging process. Deutsche Bank says the machines save the company roughly $22 million at each fulfillment center.

At brick-and-mortar locations, automation also has the bonus of appealing to younger customers — a group that retailers are eager to attract.

Nearly a third of people ages 18 to 24 would rather order from the drive-thru at restaurants because "they don't feel like dealing with people," according to a recent study by Frisch's Restaurants, which owns and franchises 120 Big Boy Restaurants.

Whole Foods 365's express digital checkout stands. Reuters

That's part of the reason that retailers are investing in automation. Whole Foods' 365 brand intends to win over millennials.

"There are a lot more options for people these days — whether it's groceries or restaurants or convenience stores — and 365 is our way of evolving," Jeff Turnas, president of 365 by Whole Foods Market, told Business Insider in April.

While there are some clear benefits for investing in automation, the rise of the robot may cause problems for workers.

A recent study from market research company Forrester predicts that by 2021, robots will have eliminated 6% of all jobs in the US, The Guardian reports.

The benefits of a more automated store are getting more and more appealing as labor costs rise, according to analysts.

Walmart told Business Insider that any predictions about how investment in automation would affect workers was premature.

However, as companies across the grocery and retail space invest in this technology, it is inevitable that shopping will involve more and more robots. And, as times goes on, that's likely to mean fewer and fewer human employees.

Are you a retail worker or shopper that has been affected by automation? Contact the author of this story at ktaylor@businessinsider.com.