MANILA — A botched police raid that killed 44 elite officers and jeopardized a landmark peace deal in the Philippines involved blunders by officials from the field commander all the way up to President Benigno S. Aquino III, according to a report released on Friday.

The investigative report by a specially created government panel describes a disastrous operation in which police radio batteries failed, ammunition was defective, officers were left stranded and exposed under enemy fire, and nearby military units with access to aircraft and artillery were kept in the dark about the details of the raid and unable to rescue the police.

The operation was “defective from the very beginning,” said the report, which will serve as the official government account of the episode and will be used to mete out punishment to erring officials.

The Jan. 25 police operation involved about 400 elite officers who conducted an early morning raid in the small southern town of Mamasapano. The target of the raid was Zulkifli bin Hir, a Malaysian citizen and member of the Jemaah Islamiyah terrorist network who also goes by the name Marwan.