Heidi M Przybyla

USA TODAY

The issues surrounding Hillary Clinton's personal email system while secretary of State that has dogged her 2016 presidential campaign is not the first time the former first lady has faced a controversy. Take a look back at other crises Clinton has confronted and how she's responded since the opening months of Bill Clinton's administration:

On honesty issues, Hillary Clinton fights own missteps, gender stereotypes

Travelgate

The firing of the career travel office employees was the first ethics scandal of the Clinton era. In May 1993, seven employees were fired as financial misdealings were exposed by an FBI investigation and independent audit. Critics contended that an internal White House memo implicated her (Hillary) as the driver of the firings and so the Clintons could outsource the work to their friends at a Little Rock travel firm. Clinton maintained she played no role.

After heavy public pressure, the Clintons reinstated most of the employees. Independent Counsel Robert Ray, in his final report, said that while some of Hillary Clinton’s statements were factually false, there was insufficient evidence they were made knowingly. In her 2003 book, Living History, she said "It was a disastrously inauspicious first date with the White House press. I'm not sure I've ever learned so much so fast about the consequences of saying or doing anything before knowing exactly what's going on."

Commodities trading

In March of 1994, The New York Times published a story on Hillary Clinton’s commodity trades from 1978 and 1979. Computerized records of her trades showed how she was able to turn an initial investment of $1,000 into nearly $100,000. There were no official investigations and she was never charged with wrongdoing. Her aides initially gave conflicting explanations. In memoir she wrote: “I now realize that the constant accusations had taken their toll on my relations with the press. I had kept the White House press corps at arm’s length for too long.”

Pardons

Some of Bill Clinton’s late-term pardons created controversy, including those for the owners of a carnival company convicted of bank fraud that followed intervention attempts by Hillary Clinton’s brother, Tony Rodham. Former President Clinton made nearly a third of his pardons on his last day in office, on Jan. 20. Among those were of fugitive Marc Rich, who was charged with 51 counts of tax fraud. Federal prosecutor James Comey later found no illegality. Hillary Clinton's other brother, Hugh, received about $400,000 for his work in helping two felons receive clemency. He returned the money at the Clintons' request, In February 2001, Hillary said she was "heartbroken" over her brother's "terrible misjudgment."

Furniture

Upon leaving the White House in 2001, it was reported that the Clintons had taken with them more than $190,000 in gifts, yet $28,000 worth of items (which had arrived in 1993) were not intended as personal gifts to the couple. The Clintons returned the items after the donors complained to the Washington Post that their gifts were for the White House estate and not the Clintons personally. They also agreed to pay the government $86,000 more even though that portion was not White House property. “All of these items were considered gifts to us,” Hillary Clinton said in 2001. “That’s what the permanent record of the White House showed. … But if there is a different intent, we will certainly honor the intention of the donor.”

Emails

In March 2015, it was reported that Clinton had been using a private server as secretary of State.

Her initial response was that she did it for convenience and that it was in compliance with federal laws and that previous secretaries of State had maintained personal accounts. She was slow to acknowledge she’d made a mistake and apologize for it, which didn’t come until September, during an ABC News interview. Clinton initially said there was no classified information on her server, though a government review later determined some of the emails contained information retroactively marked classified.

In July, FBI Director James Comey said she’d been “extremely careless” about handling sensitive information, though there were no grounds to prosecute. Clinton implied that Comey had declared her response to the FBI's investigation and her public statements to be truthful.

Politifact, the nonpartisan fact checker, rated the claim as false. While Comey said her testimony to the FBI was truthful, he said he was "not qualified" to determine if her public statements were truthful.