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/* ** 2004 May 22 ** ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code. In place of ** a legal notice, here is a blessing: ** ** May you do good and not evil. ** May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others. ** May you share freely, never taking more than you give. ** ****************************************************************************** ** ** This file contains the VFS implementation for unix-like operating systems ** include Linux, MacOSX, *BSD, QNX, VxWorks, AIX, HPUX, and others. ** ** There are actually several different VFS implementations in this file. ** The differences are in the way that file locking is done. The default ** implementation uses Posix Advisory Locks. Alternative implementations ** use flock(), dot-files, various proprietary locking schemas, or simply ** skip locking all together. ** ** This source file is organized into divisions where the logic for various ** subfunctions is contained within the appropriate division. PLEASE ** KEEP THE STRUCTURE OF THIS FILE INTACT. New code should be placed ** in the correct division and should be clearly labeled. ** ** The layout of divisions is as follows: ** ** * General-purpose declarations and utility functions. ** * Unique file ID logic used by VxWorks. ** * Various locking primitive implementations (all except proxy locking): ** + for Posix Advisory Locks ** + for no-op locks ** + for dot-file locks ** + for flock() locking ** + for named semaphore locks (VxWorks only) ** + for AFP filesystem locks (MacOSX only) ** * sqlite3_file methods not associated with locking. ** * Definitions of sqlite3_io_methods objects for all locking ** methods plus "finder" functions for each locking method. ** * sqlite3_vfs method implementations. ** * Locking primitives for the proxy uber-locking-method. (MacOSX only) ** * Definitions of sqlite3_vfs objects for all locking methods ** plus implementations of sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end(). */ #include "sqliteInt.h" #if SQLITE_OS_UNIX /* This file is used on unix only */ /* ** There are various methods for file locking used for concurrency ** control: ** ** 1. POSIX locking (the default), ** 2. No locking, ** 3. Dot-file locking, ** 4. flock() locking, ** 5. AFP locking (OSX only), ** 6. Named POSIX semaphores (VXWorks only), ** 7. proxy locking. (OSX only) ** ** Styles 4, 5, and 7 are only available of SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE ** is defined to 1. The SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE also enables automatic ** selection of the appropriate locking style based on the filesystem ** where the database is located. */ #if !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE) # if defined(__APPLE__) # define SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE 1 # else # define SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE 0 # endif #endif /* Use pread() and pwrite() if they are available */ #if defined(__APPLE__) # define HAVE_PREAD 1 # define HAVE_PWRITE 1 #endif #if defined(HAVE_PREAD64) && defined(HAVE_PWRITE64) # undef USE_PREAD # define USE_PREAD64 1 #elif defined(HAVE_PREAD) && defined(HAVE_PWRITE) # undef USE_PREAD64 # define USE_PREAD 1 #endif /* ** standard include files. */ #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <time.h> #include <sys/time.h> #include <errno.h> #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_WAL) || SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE>0 # include <sys/mman.h> #endif #if SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE # include <sys/ioctl.h> # include <sys/file.h> # include <sys/param.h> #endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE */ #if defined(__APPLE__) && ((__MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED > 1050) || \ (__IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED > 2000)) # if (!defined(TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED) || (TARGET_OS_EMBEDDED==0)) \ && (!defined(TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR) || (TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR==0)) # define HAVE_GETHOSTUUID 1 # else # warning "gethostuuid() is disabled." # endif #endif #if OS_VXWORKS # include <sys/ioctl.h> # include <semaphore.h> # include <limits.h> #endif /* OS_VXWORKS */ #if defined(__APPLE__) || SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE # include <sys/mount.h> #endif #ifdef HAVE_UTIME # include <utime.h> #endif /* ** Allowed values of unixFile.fsFlags */ #define SQLITE_FSFLAGS_IS_MSDOS 0x1 /* ** If we are to be thread-safe, include the pthreads header and define ** the SQLITE_UNIX_THREADS macro. */ #if SQLITE_THREADSAFE # include <pthread.h> # define SQLITE_UNIX_THREADS 1 #endif /* ** Default permissions when creating a new file */ #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_PERMISSIONS # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_PERMISSIONS 0644 #endif /* ** Default permissions when creating auto proxy dir */ #ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_PROXYDIR_PERMISSIONS # define SQLITE_DEFAULT_PROXYDIR_PERMISSIONS 0755 #endif /* ** Maximum supported path-length. */ #define MAX_PATHNAME 512 /* ** Maximum supported symbolic links */ #define SQLITE_MAX_SYMLINKS 100 /* Always cast the getpid() return type for compatibility with ** kernel modules in VxWorks. */ #define osGetpid(X) (pid_t)getpid() /* ** Only set the lastErrno if the error code is a real error and not ** a normal expected return code of SQLITE_BUSY or SQLITE_OK */ #define IS_LOCK_ERROR(x) ((x != SQLITE_OK) && (x != SQLITE_BUSY)) /* Forward references */ typedef struct unixShm unixShm; /* Connection shared memory */ typedef struct unixShmNode unixShmNode; /* Shared memory instance */ typedef struct unixInodeInfo unixInodeInfo; /* An i-node */ typedef struct UnixUnusedFd UnixUnusedFd; /* An unused file descriptor */ /* ** Sometimes, after a file handle is closed by SQLite, the file descriptor ** cannot be closed immediately. In these cases, instances of the following ** structure are used to store the file descriptor while waiting for an ** opportunity to either close or reuse it. */ struct UnixUnusedFd { int fd; /* File descriptor to close */ int flags; /* Flags this file descriptor was opened with */ UnixUnusedFd *pNext; /* Next unused file descriptor on same file */ }; /* ** The unixFile structure is subclass of sqlite3_file specific to the unix ** VFS implementations. */ typedef struct unixFile unixFile; struct unixFile { sqlite3_io_methods const *pMethod; /* Always the first entry */ sqlite3_vfs *pVfs; /* The VFS that created this unixFile */ unixInodeInfo *pInode; /* Info about locks on this inode */ int h; /* The file descriptor */ unsigned char eFileLock; /* The type of lock held on this fd */ unsigned short int ctrlFlags; /* Behavioral bits. UNIXFILE_* flags */ int lastErrno; /* The unix errno from last I/O error */ void *lockingContext; /* Locking style specific state */ UnixUnusedFd *pPreallocatedUnused; /* Pre-allocated UnixUnusedFd */ const char *zPath; /* Name of the file */ unixShm *pShm; /* Shared memory segment information */ int szChunk; /* Configured by FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE */ #if SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE>0 int nFetchOut; /* Number of outstanding xFetch refs */ sqlite3_int64 mmapSize; /* Usable size of mapping at pMapRegion */ sqlite3_int64 mmapSizeActual; /* Actual size of mapping at pMapRegion */ sqlite3_int64 mmapSizeMax; /* Configured FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE value */ void *pMapRegion; /* Memory mapped region */ #endif int sectorSize; /* Device sector size */ int deviceCharacteristics; /* Precomputed device characteristics */ #if SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE int openFlags; /* The flags specified at open() */ #endif #if SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE || defined(__APPLE__) unsigned fsFlags; /* cached details from statfs() */ #endif #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_SETLK_TIMEOUT unsigned iBusyTimeout; /* Wait this many millisec on locks */ #endif #if OS_VXWORKS struct vxworksFileId *pId; /* Unique file ID */ #endif #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG /* The next group of variables are used to track whether or not the ** transaction counter in bytes 24-27 of database files are updated ** whenever any part of the database changes. An assertion fault will ** occur if a file is updated without also updating the transaction ** counter. This test is made to avoid new problems similar to the ** one described by ticket #3584. */ unsigned char transCntrChng; /* True if the transaction counter changed */ unsigned char dbUpdate; /* True if any part of database file changed */ unsigned char inNormalWrite; /* True if in a normal write operation */ #endif #ifdef SQLITE_TEST /* In test mode, increase the size of this structure a bit so that ** it is larger than the struct CrashFile defined in test6.c. */ char aPadding[32]; #endif }; /* This variable holds the process id (pid) from when the xRandomness() ** method was called. If xOpen() is called from a different process id, ** indicating that a fork() has occurred, the PRNG will be reset. */ static pid_t randomnessPid = 0; /* ** Allowed values for the unixFile.ctrlFlags bitmask: */ #define UNIXFILE_EXCL 0x01 /* Connections from one process only */ #define UNIXFILE_RDONLY 0x02 /* Connection is read only */ #define UNIXFILE_PERSIST_WAL 0x04 /* Persistent WAL mode */ #ifndef SQLITE_DISABLE_DIRSYNC # define UNIXFILE_DIRSYNC 0x08 /* Directory sync needed */ #else # define UNIXFILE_DIRSYNC 0x00 #endif #define UNIXFILE_PSOW 0x10 /* SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE */ #define UNIXFILE_DELETE 0x20 /* Delete on close */ #define UNIXFILE_URI 0x40 /* Filename might have query parameters */ #define UNIXFILE_NOLOCK 0x80 /* Do no file locking */ /* ** Include code that is common to all os_*.c files */ #include "os_common.h" /* ** Define various macros that are missing from some systems. */ #ifndef O_LARGEFILE # define O_LARGEFILE 0 #endif #ifdef SQLITE_DISABLE_LFS # undef O_LARGEFILE # define O_LARGEFILE 0 #endif #ifndef O_NOFOLLOW # define O_NOFOLLOW 0 #endif #ifndef O_BINARY # define O_BINARY 0 #endif /* ** The threadid macro resolves to the thread-id or to 0. Used for ** testing and debugging only. */ #if SQLITE_THREADSAFE #define threadid pthread_self() #else #define threadid 0 #endif /* ** HAVE_MREMAP defaults to true on Linux and false everywhere else. */ #if !defined(HAVE_MREMAP) # if defined(__linux__) && defined(_GNU_SOURCE) # define HAVE_MREMAP 1 # else # define HAVE_MREMAP 0 # endif #endif /* ** Explicitly call the 64-bit version of lseek() on Android. Otherwise, lseek() ** is the 32-bit version, even if _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 is defined. */ #ifdef __ANDROID__ # define lseek lseek64 #endif #ifdef __linux__ /* ** Linux-specific IOCTL magic numbers used for controlling F2FS */ #define F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC 0xf5 #define F2FS_IOC_START_ATOMIC_WRITE _IO(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 1) #define F2FS_IOC_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE _IO(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 2) #define F2FS_IOC_START_VOLATILE_WRITE _IO(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 3) #define F2FS_IOC_ABORT_VOLATILE_WRITE _IO(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 5) #define F2FS_IOC_GET_FEATURES _IOR(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 12, u32) #define F2FS_FEATURE_ATOMIC_WRITE 0x0004 #endif /* __linux__ */ /* ** Different Unix systems declare open() in different ways. Same use ** open(const char*,int,mode_t). Others use open(const char*,int,...). ** The difference is important when using a pointer to the function. ** ** The safest way to deal with the problem is to always use this wrapper ** which always has the same well-defined interface. */ static int posixOpen(const char *zFile, int flags, int mode){ return open(zFile, flags, mode); } /* Forward reference */ static int openDirectory(const char*, int*); static int unixGetpagesize(void); /* ** Many system calls are accessed through pointer-to-functions so that ** they may be overridden at runtime to facilitate fault injection during ** testing and sandboxing. The following array holds the names and pointers ** to all overrideable system calls. */ static struct unix_syscall { const char *zName; /* Name of the system call */ sqlite3_syscall_ptr pCurrent; /* Current value of the system call */ sqlite3_syscall_ptr pDefault; /* Default value */ } aSyscall[] = { { "open", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)posixOpen, 0 }, #define osOpen ((int(*)(const char*,int,int))aSyscall[0].pCurrent) { "close", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)close, 0 }, #define osClose ((int(*)(int))aSyscall[1].pCurrent) { "access", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)access, 0 }, #define osAccess ((int(*)(const char*,int))aSyscall[2].pCurrent) { "getcwd", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)getcwd, 0 }, #define osGetcwd ((char*(*)(char*,size_t))aSyscall[3].pCurrent) { "stat", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)stat, 0 }, #define osStat ((int(*)(const char*,struct stat*))aSyscall[4].pCurrent) /* ** The DJGPP compiler environment looks mostly like Unix, but it ** lacks the fcntl() system call. So redefine fcntl() to be something ** that always succeeds. This means that locking does not occur under ** DJGPP. But it is DOS - what did you expect? */ #ifdef __DJGPP__ { "fstat", 0, 0 }, #define osFstat(a,b,c) 0 #else { "fstat", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)fstat, 0 }, #define osFstat ((int(*)(int,struct stat*))aSyscall[5].pCurrent) #endif { "ftruncate", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)ftruncate, 0 }, #define osFtruncate ((int(*)(int,off_t))aSyscall[6].pCurrent) { "fcntl", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)fcntl, 0 }, #define osFcntl ((int(*)(int,int,...))aSyscall[7].pCurrent) { "read", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)read, 0 }, #define osRead ((ssize_t(*)(int,void*,size_t))aSyscall[8].pCurrent) #if defined(USE_PREAD) || SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE { "pread", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)pread, 0 }, #else { "pread", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)0, 0 }, #endif #define osPread ((ssize_t(*)(int,void*,size_t,off_t))aSyscall[9].pCurrent) #if defined(USE_PREAD64) { "pread64", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)pread64, 0 }, #else { "pread64", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)0, 0 }, #endif #define osPread64 ((ssize_t(*)(int,void*,size_t,off64_t))aSyscall[10].pCurrent) { "write", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)write, 0 }, #define osWrite ((ssize_t(*)(int,const void*,size_t))aSyscall[11].pCurrent) #if defined(USE_PREAD) || SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE { "pwrite", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)pwrite, 0 }, #else { "pwrite", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)0, 0 }, #endif #define osPwrite ((ssize_t(*)(int,const void*,size_t,off_t))\ aSyscall[12].pCurrent) #if defined(USE_PREAD64) { "pwrite64", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)pwrite64, 0 }, #else { "pwrite64", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)0, 0 }, #endif #define osPwrite64 ((ssize_t(*)(int,const void*,size_t,off64_t))\ aSyscall[13].pCurrent) { "fchmod", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)fchmod, 0 }, #define osFchmod ((int(*)(int,mode_t))aSyscall[14].pCurrent) #if defined(HAVE_POSIX_FALLOCATE) && HAVE_POSIX_FALLOCATE { "fallocate", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)posix_fallocate, 0 }, #else { "fallocate", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)0, 0 }, #endif #define osFallocate ((int(*)(int,off_t,off_t))aSyscall[15].pCurrent) { "unlink", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)unlink, 0 }, #define osUnlink ((int(*)(const char*))aSyscall[16].pCurrent) { "openDirectory", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)openDirectory, 0 }, #define osOpenDirectory ((int(*)(const char*,int*))aSyscall[17].pCurrent) { "mkdir", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)mkdir, 0 }, #define osMkdir ((int(*)(const char*,mode_t))aSyscall[18].pCurrent) { "rmdir", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)rmdir, 0 }, #define osRmdir ((int(*)(const char*))aSyscall[19].pCurrent) #if defined(HAVE_FCHOWN) { "fchown", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)fchown, 0 }, #else { "fchown", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)0, 0 }, #endif #define osFchown ((int(*)(int,uid_t,gid_t))aSyscall[20].pCurrent) #if defined(HAVE_FCHOWN) { "geteuid", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)geteuid, 0 }, #else { "geteuid", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)0, 0 }, #endif #define osGeteuid ((uid_t(*)(void))aSyscall[21].pCurrent) #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_WAL) || SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE>0 { "mmap", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)mmap, 0 }, #else { "mmap", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)0, 0 }, #endif #define osMmap ((void*(*)(void*,size_t,int,int,int,off_t))aSyscall[22].pCurrent) #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_WAL) || SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE>0 { "munmap", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)munmap, 0 }, #else { "munmap", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)0, 0 }, #endif #define osMunmap ((int(*)(void*,size_t))aSyscall[23].pCurrent) #if HAVE_MREMAP && (!defined(SQLITE_OMIT_WAL) || SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE>0) { "mremap", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)mremap, 0 }, #else { "mremap", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)0, 0 }, #endif #define osMremap ((void*(*)(void*,size_t,size_t,int,...))aSyscall[24].pCurrent) #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_WAL) || SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE>0 { "getpagesize", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)unixGetpagesize, 0 }, #else { "getpagesize", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)0, 0 }, #endif #define osGetpagesize ((int(*)(void))aSyscall[25].pCurrent) #if defined(HAVE_READLINK) { "readlink", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)readlink, 0 }, #else { "readlink", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)0, 0 }, #endif #define osReadlink ((ssize_t(*)(const char*,char*,size_t))aSyscall[26].pCurrent) #if defined(HAVE_LSTAT) { "lstat", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)lstat, 0 }, #else { "lstat", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)0, 0 }, #endif #define osLstat ((int(*)(const char*,struct stat*))aSyscall[27].pCurrent) #if defined(__linux__) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_BATCH_ATOMIC_WRITE) { "ioctl", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)ioctl, 0 }, #else { "ioctl", (sqlite3_syscall_ptr)0, 0 }, #endif #define osIoctl ((int(*)(int,int,...))aSyscall[28].pCurrent) }; /* End of the overrideable system calls */ /* ** On some systems, calls to fchown() will trigger a message in a security ** log if they come from non-root processes. So avoid calling fchown() if ** we are not running as root. */ static int robustFchown(int fd, uid_t uid, gid_t gid){ #if defined(HAVE_FCHOWN) return osGeteuid() ? 0 : osFchown(fd,uid,gid); #else return 0; #endif } /* ** This is the xSetSystemCall() method of sqlite3_vfs for all of the ** "unix" VFSes. Return SQLITE_OK opon successfully updating the ** system call pointer, or SQLITE_NOTFOUND if there is no configurable ** system call named zName. */ static int unixSetSystemCall( sqlite3_vfs *pNotUsed, /* The VFS pointer. Not used */ const char *zName, /* Name of system call to override */ sqlite3_syscall_ptr pNewFunc /* Pointer to new system call value */ ){ unsigned int i; int rc = SQLITE_NOTFOUND; UNUSED_PARAMETER(pNotUsed); if( zName==0 ){ /* If no zName is given, restore all system calls to their default ** settings and return NULL */ rc = SQLITE_OK; for(i=0; i<sizeof(aSyscall)/sizeof(aSyscall[0]); i++){ if( aSyscall[i].pDefault ){ aSyscall[i].pCurrent = aSyscall[i].pDefault; } } }else{ /* If zName is specified, operate on only the one system call ** specified. */ for(i=0; i<sizeof(aSyscall)/sizeof(aSyscall[0]); i++){ if( strcmp(zName, aSyscall[i].zName)==0 ){ if( aSyscall[i].pDefault==0 ){ aSyscall[i].pDefault = aSyscall[i].pCurrent; } rc = SQLITE_OK; if( pNewFunc==0 ) pNewFunc = aSyscall[i].pDefault; aSyscall[i].pCurrent = pNewFunc; break; } } } return rc; } /* ** Return the value of a system call. Return NULL if zName is not a ** recognized system call name. NULL is also returned if the system call ** is currently undefined. */ static sqlite3_syscall_ptr unixGetSystemCall( sqlite3_vfs *pNotUsed, const char *zName ){ unsigned int i; UNUSED_PARAMETER(pNotUsed); for(i=0; i<sizeof(aSyscall)/sizeof(aSyscall[0]); i++){ if( strcmp(zName, aSyscall[i].zName)==0 ) return aSyscall[i].pCurrent; } return 0; } /* ** Return the name of the first system call after zName. If zName==NULL ** then return the name of the first system call. Return NULL if zName ** is the last system call or if zName is not the name of a valid ** system call. */ static const char *unixNextSystemCall(sqlite3_vfs *p, const char *zName){ int i = -1; UNUSED_PARAMETER(p); if( zName ){ for(i=0; i<ArraySize(aSyscall)-1; i++){ if( strcmp(zName, aSyscall[i].zName)==0 ) break; } } for(i++; i<ArraySize(aSyscall); i++){ if( aSyscall[i].pCurrent!=0 ) return aSyscall[i].zName; } return 0; } /* ** Do not accept any file descriptor less than this value, in order to avoid ** opening database file using file descriptors that are commonly used for ** standard input, output, and error. */ #ifndef SQLITE_MINIMUM_FILE_DESCRIPTOR # define SQLITE_MINIMUM_FILE_DESCRIPTOR 3 #endif /* ** Invoke open(). Do so multiple times, until it either succeeds or ** fails for some reason other than EINTR. ** ** If the file creation mode "m" is 0 then set it to the default for ** SQLite. The default is SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_PERMISSIONS (normally ** 0644) as modified by the system umask. If m is not 0, then ** make the file creation mode be exactly m ignoring the umask. ** ** The m parameter will be non-zero only when creating -wal, -journal, ** and -shm files. We want those files to have *exactly* the same ** permissions as their original database, unadulterated by the umask. ** In that way, if a database file is -rw-rw-rw or -rw-rw-r-, and a ** transaction crashes and leaves behind hot journals, then any ** process that is able to write to the database will also be able to ** recover the hot journals. */ static int robust_open(const char *z, int f, mode_t m){ int fd; mode_t m2 = m ? m : SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_PERMISSIONS; while(1){ #if defined(O_CLOEXEC) fd = osOpen(z,f|O_CLOEXEC,m2); #else fd = osOpen(z,f,m2); #endif if( fd<0 ){ if( errno==EINTR ) continue; break; } if( fd>=SQLITE_MINIMUM_FILE_DESCRIPTOR ) break; osClose(fd); sqlite3_log(SQLITE_WARNING, "attempt to open \"%s\" as file descriptor %d", z, fd); fd = -1; if( osOpen("/dev/null", f, m)<0 ) break; } if( fd>=0 ){ if( m!=0 ){ struct stat statbuf; if( osFstat(fd, &statbuf)==0 && statbuf.st_size==0 && (statbuf.st_mode&0777)!=m ){ osFchmod(fd, m); } } #if defined(FD_CLOEXEC) && (!defined(O_CLOEXEC) || O_CLOEXEC==0) osFcntl(fd, F_SETFD, osFcntl(fd, F_GETFD, 0) | FD_CLOEXEC); #endif } return fd; } /* ** Helper functions to obtain and relinquish the global mutex. The ** global mutex is used to protect the unixInodeInfo and ** vxworksFileId objects used by this file, all of which may be ** shared by multiple threads. ** ** Function unixMutexHeld() is used to assert() that the global mutex ** is held when required. This function is only used as part of assert() ** statements. e.g. ** ** unixEnterMutex() ** assert( unixMutexHeld() ); ** unixEnterLeave() */ static sqlite3_mutex *unixBigLock = 0; static void unixEnterMutex(void){ sqlite3_mutex_enter(unixBigLock); } static void unixLeaveMutex(void){ sqlite3_mutex_leave(unixBigLock); } #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG static int unixMutexHeld(void) { return sqlite3_mutex_held(unixBigLock); } #endif #ifdef SQLITE_HAVE_OS_TRACE /* ** Helper function for printing out trace information from debugging ** binaries. This returns the string representation of the supplied ** integer lock-type. */ static const char *azFileLock(int eFileLock){ switch( eFileLock ){ case NO_LOCK: return "NONE"; case SHARED_LOCK: return "SHARED"; case RESERVED_LOCK: return "RESERVED"; case PENDING_LOCK: return "PENDING"; case EXCLUSIVE_LOCK: return "EXCLUSIVE"; } return "ERROR"; } #endif #ifdef SQLITE_LOCK_TRACE /* ** Print out information about all locking operations. ** ** This routine is used for troubleshooting locks on multithreaded ** platforms. Enable by compiling with the -DSQLITE_LOCK_TRACE ** command-line option on the compiler. This code is normally ** turned off. */ static int lockTrace(int fd, int op, struct flock *p){ char *zOpName, *zType; int s; int savedErrno; if( op==F_GETLK ){ zOpName = "GETLK"; }else if( op==F_SETLK ){ zOpName = "SETLK"; }else{ s = osFcntl(fd, op, p); sqlite3DebugPrintf("fcntl unknown %d %d %d

", fd, op, s); return s; } if( p->l_type==F_RDLCK ){ zType = "RDLCK"; }else if( p->l_type==F_WRLCK ){ zType = "WRLCK"; }else if( p->l_type==F_UNLCK ){ zType = "UNLCK"; }else{ assert( 0 ); } assert( p->l_whence==SEEK_SET ); s = osFcntl(fd, op, p); savedErrno = errno; sqlite3DebugPrintf("fcntl %d %d %s %s %d %d %d %d

", threadid, fd, zOpName, zType, (int)p->l_start, (int)p->l_len, (int)p->l_pid, s); if( s==(-1) && op==F_SETLK && (p->l_type==F_RDLCK || p->l_type==F_WRLCK) ){ struct flock l2; l2 = *p; osFcntl(fd, F_GETLK, &l2); if( l2.l_type==F_RDLCK ){ zType = "RDLCK"; }else if( l2.l_type==F_WRLCK ){ zType = "WRLCK"; }else if( l2.l_type==F_UNLCK ){ zType = "UNLCK"; }else{ assert( 0 ); } sqlite3DebugPrintf("fcntl-failure-reason: %s %d %d %d

", zType, (int)l2.l_start, (int)l2.l_len, (int)l2.l_pid); } errno = savedErrno; return s; } #undef osFcntl #define osFcntl lockTrace #endif /* SQLITE_LOCK_TRACE */ /* ** Retry ftruncate() calls that fail due to EINTR ** ** All calls to ftruncate() within this file should be made through ** this wrapper. On the Android platform, bypassing the logic below ** could lead to a corrupt database. */ static int robust_ftruncate(int h, sqlite3_int64 sz){ int rc; #ifdef __ANDROID__ /* On Android, ftruncate() always uses 32-bit offsets, even if ** _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 is defined. This means it is unsafe to attempt to ** truncate a file to any size larger than 2GiB. Silently ignore any ** such attempts. */ if( sz>(sqlite3_int64)0x7FFFFFFF ){ rc = SQLITE_OK; }else #endif do{ rc = osFtruncate(h,sz); }while( rc<0 && errno==EINTR ); return rc; } /* ** This routine translates a standard POSIX errno code into something ** useful to the clients of the sqlite3 functions. Specifically, it is ** intended to translate a variety of "try again" errors into SQLITE_BUSY ** and a variety of "please close the file descriptor NOW" errors into ** SQLITE_IOERR ** ** Errors during initialization of locks, or file system support for locks, ** should handle ENOLCK, ENOTSUP, EOPNOTSUPP separately. */ static int sqliteErrorFromPosixError(int posixError, int sqliteIOErr) { assert( (sqliteIOErr == SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK) || (sqliteIOErr == SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK) || (sqliteIOErr == SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK) || (sqliteIOErr == SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK) ); switch (posixError) { case EACCES: case EAGAIN: case ETIMEDOUT: case EBUSY: case EINTR: case ENOLCK: /* random NFS retry error, unless during file system support * introspection, in which it actually means what it says */ return SQLITE_BUSY; case EPERM: return SQLITE_PERM; default: return sqliteIOErr; } } /****************************************************************************** ****************** Begin Unique File ID Utility Used By VxWorks *************** ** ** On most versions of unix, we can get a unique ID for a file by concatenating ** the device number and the inode number. But this does not work on VxWorks. ** On VxWorks, a unique file id must be based on the canonical filename. ** ** A pointer to an instance of the following structure can be used as a ** unique file ID in VxWorks. Each instance of this structure contains ** a copy of the canonical filename. There is also a reference count. ** The structure is reclaimed when the number of pointers to it drops to ** zero. ** ** There are never very many files open at one time and lookups are not ** a performance-critical path, so it is sufficient to put these ** structures on a linked list. */ struct vxworksFileId { struct vxworksFileId *pNext; /* Next in a list of them all */ int nRef; /* Number of references to this one */ int nName; /* Length of the zCanonicalName[] string */ char *zCanonicalName; /* Canonical filename */ }; #if OS_VXWORKS /* ** All unique filenames are held on a linked list headed by this ** variable: */ static struct vxworksFileId *vxworksFileList = 0; /* ** Simplify a filename into its canonical form ** by making the following changes: ** ** * removing any trailing and duplicate / ** * convert /./ into just / ** * convert /A/../ where A is any simple name into just / ** ** Changes are made in-place. Return the new name length. ** ** The original filename is in z[0..n-1]. Return the number of ** characters in the simplified name. */ static int vxworksSimplifyName(char *z, int n){ int i, j; while( n>1 && z[n-1]=='/' ){ n--; } for(i=j=0; i<n; i++){ if( z[i]=='/' ){ if( z[i+1]=='/' ) continue; if( z[i+1]=='.' && i+2<n && z[i+2]=='/' ){ i += 1; continue; } if( z[i+1]=='.' && i+3<n && z[i+2]=='.' && z[i+3]=='/' ){ while( j>0 && z[j-1]!='/' ){ j--; } if( j>0 ){ j--; } i += 2; continue; } } z[j++] = z[i]; } z[j] = 0; return j; } /* ** Find a unique file ID for the given absolute pathname. Return ** a pointer to the vxworksFileId object. This pointer is the unique ** file ID. ** ** The nRef field of the vxworksFileId object is incremented before ** the object is returned. A new vxworksFileId object is created ** and added to the global list if necessary. ** ** If a memory allocation error occurs, return NULL. */ static struct vxworksFileId *vxworksFindFileId(const char *zAbsoluteName){ struct vxworksFileId *pNew; /* search key and new file ID */ struct vxworksFileId *pCandidate; /* For looping over existing file IDs */ int n; /* Length of zAbsoluteName string */ assert( zAbsoluteName[0]=='/' ); n = (int)strlen(zAbsoluteName); pNew = sqlite3_malloc64( sizeof(*pNew) + (n+1) ); if( pNew==0 ) return 0; pNew->zCanonicalName = (char*)&pNew[1]; memcpy(pNew->zCanonicalName, zAbsoluteName, n+1); n = vxworksSimplifyName(pNew->zCanonicalName, n); /* Search for an existing entry that matching the canonical name. ** If found, increment the reference count and return a pointer to ** the existing file ID. */ unixEnterMutex(); for(pCandidate=vxworksFileList; pCandidate; pCandidate=pCandidate->pNext){ if( pCandidate->nName==n && memcmp(pCandidate->zCanonicalName, pNew->zCanonicalName, n)==0 ){ sqlite3_free(pNew); pCandidate->nRef++; unixLeaveMutex(); return pCandidate; } } /* No match was found. We will make a new file ID */ pNew->nRef = 1; pNew->nName = n; pNew->pNext = vxworksFileList; vxworksFileList = pNew; unixLeaveMutex(); return pNew; } /* ** Decrement the reference count on a vxworksFileId object. Free ** the object when the reference count reaches zero. */ static void vxworksReleaseFileId(struct vxworksFileId *pId){ unixEnterMutex(); assert( pId->nRef>0 ); pId->nRef--; if( pId->nRef==0 ){ struct vxworksFileId **pp; for(pp=&vxworksFileList; *pp && *pp!=pId; pp = &((*pp)->pNext)){} assert( *pp==pId ); *pp = pId->pNext; sqlite3_free(pId); } unixLeaveMutex(); } #endif /* OS_VXWORKS */ /*************** End of Unique File ID Utility Used By VxWorks **************** ******************************************************************************/ /****************************************************************************** *************************** Posix Advisory Locking **************************** ** ** POSIX advisory locks are broken by design. ANSI STD 1003.1 (1996) ** section 6.5.2.2 lines 483 through 490 specify that when a process ** sets or clears a lock, that operation overrides any prior locks set ** by the same process. It does not explicitly say so, but this implies ** that it overrides locks set by the same process using a different ** file descriptor. Consider this test case: ** ** int fd1 = open("./file1", O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0644); ** int fd2 = open("./file2", O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0644); ** ** Suppose ./file1 and ./file2 are really the same file (because ** one is a hard or symbolic link to the other) then if you set ** an exclusive lock on fd1, then try to get an exclusive lock ** on fd2, it works. I would have expected the second lock to ** fail since there was already a lock on the file due to fd1. ** But not so. Since both locks came from the same process, the ** second overrides the first, even though they were on different ** file descriptors opened on different file names. ** ** This means that we cannot use POSIX locks to synchronize file access ** among competing threads of the same process. POSIX locks will work fine ** to synchronize access for threads in separate processes, but not ** threads within the same process. ** ** To work around the problem, SQLite has to manage file locks internally ** on its own. Whenever a new database is opened, we have to find the ** specific inode of the database file (the inode is determined by the ** st_dev and st_ino fields of the stat structure that fstat() fills in) ** and check for locks already existing on that inode. When locks are ** created or removed, we have to look at our own internal record of the ** locks to see if another thread has previously set a lock on that same ** inode. ** ** (Aside: The use of inode numbers as unique IDs does not work on VxWorks. ** For VxWorks, we have to use the alternative unique ID system based on ** canonical filename and implemented in the previous division.) ** ** The sqlite3_file structure for POSIX is no longer just an integer file ** descriptor. It is now a structure that holds the integer file ** descriptor and a pointer to a structure that describes the internal ** locks on the corresponding inode. There is one locking structure ** per inode, so if the same inode is opened twice, both unixFile structures ** point to the same locking structure. The locking structure keeps ** a reference count (so we will know when to delete it) and a "cnt" ** field that tells us its internal lock status. cnt==0 means the ** file is unlocked. cnt==-1 means the file has an exclusive lock. ** cnt>0 means there are cnt shared locks on the file. ** ** Any attempt to lock or unlock a file first checks the locking ** structure. The fcntl() system call is only invoked to set a ** POSIX lock if the internal lock structure transitions between ** a locked and an unlocked state. ** ** But wait: there are yet more problems with POSIX advisory locks. ** ** If you close a file descriptor that points to a file that has locks, ** all locks on that file that are owned by the current process are ** released. To work around this problem, each unixInodeInfo object ** maintains a count of the number of pending locks on tha inode. ** When an attempt is made to close an unixFile, if there are ** other unixFile open on the same inode that are holding locks, the call ** to close() the file descriptor is deferred until all of the locks clear. ** The unixInodeInfo structure keeps a list of file descriptors that need to ** be closed and that list is walked (and cleared) when the last lock ** clears. ** ** Yet another problem: LinuxThreads do not play well with posix locks. ** ** Many older versions of linux use the LinuxThreads library which is ** not posix compliant. Under LinuxThreads, a lock created by thread ** A cannot be modified or overridden by a different thread B. ** Only thread A can modify the lock. Locking behavior is correct ** if the appliation uses the newer Native Posix Thread Library (NPTL) ** on linux - with NPTL a lock created by thread A can override locks ** in thread B. But there is no way to know at compile-time which ** threading library is being used. So there is no way to know at ** compile-time whether or not thread A can override locks on thread B. ** One has to do a run-time check to discover the behavior of the ** current process. ** ** SQLite used to support LinuxThreads. But support for LinuxThreads ** was dropped beginning with version 3.7.0. SQLite will still work with ** LinuxThreads provided that (1) there is no more than one connection ** per database file in the same process and (2) database connections ** do not move across threads. */ /* ** An instance of the following structure serves as the key used ** to locate a particular unixInodeInfo object. */ struct unixFileId { dev_t dev; /* Device number */ #if OS_VXWORKS struct vxworksFileId *pId; /* Unique file ID for vxworks. */ #else /* We are told that some versions of Android contain a bug that ** sizes ino_t at only 32-bits instead of 64-bits. (See ** https://android-review.googlesource.com/#/c/115351/3/dist/sqlite3.c) ** To work around this, always allocate 64-bits for the inode number. ** On small machines that only have 32-bit inodes, this wastes 4 bytes, ** but that should not be a big deal. */ /* WAS: ino_t ino; */ u64 ino; /* Inode number */ #endif }; /* ** An instance of the following structure is allocated for each open ** inode. Or, on LinuxThreads, there is one of these structures for ** each inode opened by each thread. ** ** A single inode can have multiple file descriptors, so each unixFile ** structure contains a pointer to an instance of this object and this ** object keeps a count of the number of unixFile pointing to it. */ struct unixInodeInfo { struct unixFileId fileId; /* The lookup key */ int nShared; /* Number of SHARED locks held */ unsigned char eFileLock; /* One of SHARED_LOCK, RESERVED_LOCK etc. */ unsigned char bProcessLock; /* An exclusive process lock is held */ int nRef; /* Number of pointers to this structure */ unixShmNode *pShmNode; /* Shared memory associated with this inode */ int nLock; /* Number of outstanding file locks */ UnixUnusedFd *pUnused; /* Unused file descriptors to close */ unixInodeInfo *pNext; /* List of all unixInodeInfo objects */ unixInodeInfo *pPrev; /* .... doubly linked */ #if SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE unsigned long long sharedByte; /* for AFP simulated shared lock */ #endif #if OS_VXWORKS sem_t *pSem; /* Named POSIX semaphore */ char aSemName[MAX_PATHNAME+2]; /* Name of that semaphore */ #endif }; /* ** A lists of all unixInodeInfo objects. */ static unixInodeInfo *inodeList = 0; /* All unixInodeInfo objects */ static unsigned int nUnusedFd = 0; /* Total unused file descriptors */ /* ** ** This function - unixLogErrorAtLine(), is only ever called via the macro ** unixLogError(). ** ** It is invoked after an error occurs in an OS function and errno has been ** set. It logs a message using sqlite3_log() containing the current value of ** errno and, if possible, the human-readable equivalent from strerror() or ** strerror_r(). ** ** The first argument passed to the macro should be the error code that ** will be returned to SQLite (e.g. SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE, SQLITE_CANTOPEN). ** The two subsequent arguments should be the name of the OS function that ** failed (e.g. "unlink", "open") and the associated file-system path, ** if any. */ #define unixLogError(a,b,c) unixLogErrorAtLine(a,b,c,__LINE__) static int unixLogErrorAtLine( int errcode, /* SQLite error code */ const char *zFunc, /* Name of OS function that failed */ const char *zPath, /* File path associated with error */ int iLine /* Source line number where error occurred */ ){ char *zErr; /* Message from strerror() or equivalent */ int iErrno = errno; /* Saved syscall error number */ /* If this is not a threadsafe build (SQLITE_THREADSAFE==0), then use ** the strerror() function to obtain the human-readable error message ** equivalent to errno. Otherwise, use strerror_r(). */ #if SQLITE_THREADSAFE && defined(HAVE_STRERROR_R) char aErr[80]; memset(aErr, 0, sizeof(aErr)); zErr = aErr; /* If STRERROR_R_CHAR_P (set by autoconf scripts) or __USE_GNU is defined, ** assume that the system provides the GNU version of strerror_r() that ** returns a pointer to a buffer containing the error message. That pointer ** may point to aErr[], or it may point to some static storage somewhere. ** Otherwise, assume that the system provides the POSIX version of ** strerror_r(), which always writes an error message into aErr[]. ** ** If the code incorrectly assumes that it is the POSIX version that is ** available, the error message will often be an empty string. Not a ** huge problem. Incorrectly concluding that the GNU version is available ** could lead to a segfault though. */ #if defined(STRERROR_R_CHAR_P) || defined(__USE_GNU) zErr = # endif strerror_r(iErrno, aErr, sizeof(aErr)-1); #elif SQLITE_THREADSAFE /* This is a threadsafe build, but strerror_r() is not available. */ zErr = ""; #else /* Non-threadsafe build, use strerror(). */ zErr = strerror(iErrno); #endif if( zPath==0 ) zPath = ""; sqlite3_log(errcode, "os_unix.c:%d: (%d) %s(%s) - %s", iLine, iErrno, zFunc, zPath, zErr ); return errcode; } /* ** Close a file descriptor. ** ** We assume that close() almost always works, since it is only in a ** very sick application or on a very sick platform that it might fail. ** If it does fail, simply leak the file descriptor, but do log the ** error. ** ** Note that it is not safe to retry close() after EINTR since the ** file descriptor might have already been reused by another thread. ** So we don't even try to recover from an EINTR. Just log the error ** and move on. */ static void robust_close(unixFile *pFile, int h, int lineno){ if( osClose(h) ){ unixLogErrorAtLine(SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE, "close", pFile ? pFile->zPath : 0, lineno); } } /* ** Set the pFile->lastErrno. Do this in a subroutine as that provides ** a convenient place to set a breakpoint. */ static void storeLastErrno(unixFile *pFile, int error){ pFile->lastErrno = error; } /* ** Close all file descriptors accumuated in the unixInodeInfo->pUnused list. */ static void closePendingFds(unixFile *pFile){ unixInodeInfo *pInode = pFile->pInode; UnixUnusedFd *p; UnixUnusedFd *pNext; for(p=pInode->pUnused; p; p=pNext){ pNext = p->pNext; robust_close(pFile, p->fd, __LINE__); sqlite3_free(p); nUnusedFd--; } pInode->pUnused = 0; } /* ** Release a unixInodeInfo structure previously allocated by findInodeInfo(). ** ** The mutex entered using the unixEnterMutex() function must be held ** when this function is called. */ static void releaseInodeInfo(unixFile *pFile){ unixInodeInfo *pInode = pFile->pInode; assert( unixMutexHeld() ); if( ALWAYS(pInode) ){ pInode->nRef--; if( pInode->nRef==0 ){ assert( pInode->pShmNode==0 ); closePendingFds(pFile); if( pInode->pPrev ){ assert( pInode->pPrev->pNext==pInode ); pInode->pPrev->pNext = pInode->pNext; }else{ assert( inodeList==pInode ); inodeList = pInode->pNext; } if( pInode->pNext ){ assert( pInode->pNext->pPrev==pInode ); pInode->pNext->pPrev = pInode->pPrev; } sqlite3_free(pInode); } } assert( inodeList!=0 || nUnusedFd==0 ); } /* ** Given a file descriptor, locate the unixInodeInfo object that ** describes that file descriptor. Create a new one if necessary. The ** return value might be uninitialized if an error occurs. ** ** The mutex entered using the unixEnterMutex() function must be held ** when this function is called. ** ** Return an appropriate error code. */ static int findInodeInfo( unixFile *pFile, /* Unix file with file desc used in the key */ unixInodeInfo **ppInode /* Return the unixInodeInfo object here */ ){ int rc; /* System call return code */ int fd; /* The file descriptor for pFile */ struct unixFileId fileId; /* Lookup key for the unixInodeInfo */ struct stat statbuf; /* Low-level file information */ unixInodeInfo *pInode = 0; /* Candidate unixInodeInfo object */ assert( unixMutexHeld() ); /* Get low-level information about the file that we can used to ** create a unique name for the file. */ fd = pFile->h; rc = osFstat(fd, &statbuf); if( rc!=0 ){ storeLastErrno(pFile, errno); #if defined(EOVERFLOW) && defined(SQLITE_DISABLE_LFS) if( pFile->lastErrno==EOVERFLOW ) return SQLITE_NOLFS; #endif return SQLITE_IOERR; } #ifdef __APPLE__ /* On OS X on an msdos filesystem, the inode number is reported ** incorrectly for zero-size files. See ticket #3260. To work ** around this problem (we consider it a bug in OS X, not SQLite) ** we always increase the file size to 1 by writing a single byte ** prior to accessing the inode number. The one byte written is ** an ASCII 'S' character which also happens to be the first byte ** in the header of every SQLite database. In this way, if there ** is a race condition such that another thread has already populated ** the first page of the database, no damage is done. */ if( statbuf.st_size==0 && (pFile->fsFlags & SQLITE_FSFLAGS_IS_MSDOS)!=0 ){ do{ rc = osWrite(fd, "S", 1); }while( rc<0 && errno==EINTR ); if( rc!=1 ){ storeLastErrno(pFile, errno); return SQLITE_IOERR; } rc = osFstat(fd, &statbuf); if( rc!=0 ){ storeLastErrno(pFile, errno); return SQLITE_IOERR; } } #endif memset(&fileId, 0, sizeof(fileId)); fileId.dev = statbuf.st_dev; #if OS_VXWORKS fileId.pId = pFile->pId; #else fileId.ino = (u64)statbuf.st_ino; #endif assert( inodeList!=0 || nUnusedFd==0 ); pInode = inodeList; while( pInode && memcmp(&fileId, &pInode->fileId, sizeof(fileId)) ){ pInode = pInode->pNext; } if( pInode==0 ){ pInode = sqlite3_malloc64( sizeof(*pInode) ); if( pInode==0 ){ return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT; } memset(pInode, 0, sizeof(*pInode)); memcpy(&pInode->fileId, &fileId, sizeof(fileId)); pInode->nRef = 1; pInode->pNext = inodeList; pInode->pPrev = 0; if( inodeList ) inodeList->pPrev = pInode; inodeList = pInode; }else{ pInode->nRef++; } *ppInode = pInode; return SQLITE_OK; } /* ** Return TRUE if pFile has been renamed or unlinked since it was first opened. */ static int fileHasMoved(unixFile *pFile){ #if OS_VXWORKS return pFile->pInode!=0 && pFile->pId!=pFile->pInode->fileId.pId; #else struct stat buf; return pFile->pInode!=0 && (osStat(pFile->zPath, &buf)!=0 || (u64)buf.st_ino!=pFile->pInode->fileId.ino); #endif } /* ** Check a unixFile that is a database. Verify the following: ** ** (1) There is exactly one hard link on the file ** (2) The file is not a symbolic link ** (3) The file has not been renamed or unlinked ** ** Issue sqlite3_log(SQLITE_WARNING,...) messages if anything is not right. */ static void verifyDbFile(unixFile *pFile){ struct stat buf; int rc; /* These verifications occurs for the main database only */ if( pFile->ctrlFlags & UNIXFILE_NOLOCK ) return; rc = osFstat(pFile->h, &buf); if( rc!=0 ){ sqlite3_log(SQLITE_WARNING, "cannot fstat db file %s", pFile->zPath); return; } if( buf.st_nlink==0 ){ sqlite3_log(SQLITE_WARNING, "file unlinked while open: %s", pFile->zPath); return; } if( buf.st_nlink>1 ){ sqlite3_log(SQLITE_WARNING, "multiple links to file: %s", pFile->zPath); return; } if( fileHasMoved(pFile) ){ sqlite3_log(SQLITE_WARNING, "file renamed while open: %s", pFile->zPath); return; } } /* ** This routine checks if there is a RESERVED lock held on the specified ** file by this or any other process. If such a lock is held, set *pResOut ** to a non-zero value otherwise *pResOut is set to zero. The return value ** is set to SQLITE_OK unless an I/O error occurs during lock checking. */ static int unixCheckReservedLock(sqlite3_file *id, int *pResOut){ int rc = SQLITE_OK; int reserved = 0; unixFile *pFile = (unixFile*)id; SimulateIOError( return SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK; ); assert( pFile ); assert( pFile->eFileLock<=SHARED_LOCK ); unixEnterMutex(); /* Because pFile->pInode is shared across threads */ /* Check if a thread in this process holds such a lock */ if( pFile->pInode->eFileLock>SHARED_LOCK ){ reserved = 1; } /* Otherwise see if some other process holds it. */ #ifndef __DJGPP__ if( !reserved && !pFile->pInode->bProcessLock ){ struct flock lock; lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET; lock.l_start = RESERVED_BYTE; lock.l_len = 1; lock.l_type = F_WRLCK; if( osFcntl(pFile->h, F_GETLK, &lock) ){ rc = SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK; storeLastErrno(pFile, errno); } else if( lock.l_type!=F_UNLCK ){ reserved = 1; } } #endif unixLeaveMutex(); OSTRACE(("TEST WR-LOCK %d %d %d (unix)

", pFile->h, rc, reserved)); *pResOut = reserved; return rc; } /* ** Set a posix-advisory-lock. ** ** There are two versions of this routine. If compiled with ** SQLITE_ENABLE_SETLK_TIMEOUT then the routine has an extra parameter ** which is a pointer to a unixFile. If the unixFile->iBusyTimeout ** value is set, then it is the number of milliseconds to wait before ** failing the lock. The iBusyTimeout value is always reset back to ** zero on each call. ** ** If SQLITE_ENABLE_SETLK_TIMEOUT is not defined, then do a non-blocking ** attempt to set the lock. */ #ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_SETLK_TIMEOUT # define osSetPosixAdvisoryLock(h,x,t) osFcntl(h,F_SETLK,x) #else static int osSetPosixAdvisoryLock( int h, /* The file descriptor on which to take the lock */ struct flock *pLock, /* The description of the lock */ unixFile *pFile /* Structure holding timeout value */ ){ int rc = osFcntl(h,F_SETLK,pLock); while( rc<0 && pFile->iBusyTimeout>0 ){ /* On systems that support some kind of blocking file lock with a timeout, ** make appropriate changes here to invoke that blocking file lock. On ** generic posix, however, there is no such API. So we simply try the ** lock once every millisecond until either the timeout expires, or until ** the lock is obtained. */ usleep(1000); rc = osFcntl(h,F_SETLK,pLock); pFile->iBusyTimeout--; } return rc; } #endif /* SQLITE_ENABLE_SETLK_TIMEOUT */ /* ** Attempt to set a system-lock on the file pFile. The lock is ** described by pLock. ** ** If the pFile was opened read/write from unix-excl, then the only lock ** ever obtained is an exclusive lock, and it is obtained exactly once ** the first time any lock is attempted. All subsequent system locking ** operations become no-ops. Locking operations still happen internally, ** in order to coordinate access between separate database connections ** within this process, but all of that is handled in memory and the ** operating system does not participate. ** ** This function is a pass-through to fcntl(F_SETLK) if pFile is using ** any VFS other than "unix-excl" or if pFile is opened on "unix-excl" ** and is read-only. ** ** Zero is returned if the call completes successfully, or -1 if a call ** to fcntl() fails. In this case, errno is set appropriately (by fcntl()). */ static int unixFileLock(unixFile *pFile, struct flock *pLock){ int rc; unixInodeInfo *pInode = pFile->pInode; assert( unixMutexHeld() ); assert( pInode!=0 ); if( (pFile->ctrlFlags & (UNIXFILE_EXCL|UNIXFILE_RDONLY))==UNIXFILE_EXCL ){ if( pInode->bProcessLock==0 ){ struct flock lock; assert( pInode->nLock==0 ); lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET; lock.l_start = SHARED_FIRST; lock.l_len = SHARED_SIZE; lock.l_type = F_WRLCK; rc = osSetPosixAdvisoryLock(pFile->h, &lock, pFile); if( rc<0 ) return rc; pInode->bProcessLock = 1; pInode->nLock++; }else{ rc = 0; } }else{ rc = osSetPosixAdvisoryLock(pFile->h, pLock, pFile); } return rc; } /* ** Lock the file with the lock specified by parameter eFileLock - one ** of the following: ** ** (1) SHARED_LOCK ** (2) RESERVED_LOCK ** (3) PENDING_LOCK ** (4) EXCLUSIVE_LOCK ** ** Sometimes when requesting one lock state, additional lock states ** are inserted in between. The locking might fail on one of the later ** transitions leaving the lock state different from what it started but ** still short of its goal. The following chart shows the allowed ** transitions and the inserted intermediate states: ** ** UNLOCKED -> SHARED ** SHARED -> RESERVED ** SHARED -> (PENDING) -> EXCLUSIVE ** RESERVED -> (PENDING) -> EXCLUSIVE ** PENDING -> EXCLUSIVE ** ** This routine will only increase a lock. Use the sqlite3OsUnlock() ** routine to lower a locking level. */ static int unixLock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock){ /* The following describes the implementation of the various locks and ** lock transitions in terms of the POSIX advisory shared and exclusive ** lock primitives (called read-locks and write-locks below, to avoid ** confusion with SQLite lock names). The algorithms are complicated ** slightly in order to be compatible with Windows95 systems simultaneously ** accessing the same database file, in case that is ever required. ** ** Symbols defined in os.h indentify the 'pending byte' and the 'reserved ** byte', each single bytes at well known offsets, and the 'shared byte ** range', a range of 510 bytes at a well known offset. ** ** To obtain a SHARED lock, a read-lock is obtained on the 'pending ** byte'. If this is successful, 'shared byte range' is read-locked ** and the lock on the 'pending byte' released. (Legacy note: When ** SQLite was first developed, Windows95 systems were still very common, ** and Widnows95 lacks a shared-lock capability. So on Windows95, a ** single randomly selected by from the 'shared byte range' is locked. ** Windows95 is now pretty much extinct, but this work-around for the ** lack of shared-locks on Windows95 lives on, for backwards ** compatibility.) ** ** A process may only obtain a RESERVED lock after it has a SHARED lock. ** A RESERVED lock is implemented by grabbing a write-lock on the ** 'reserved byte'. ** ** A process may only obtain a PENDING lock after it has obtained a ** SHARED lock. A PENDING lock is implemented by obtaining a write-lock ** on the 'pending byte'. This ensures that no new SHARED locks can be ** obtained, but existing SHARED locks are allowed to persist. A process ** does not have to obtain a RESERVED lock on the way to a PENDING lock. ** This property is used by the algorithm for rolling back a journal file ** after a crash. ** ** An EXCLUSIVE lock, obtained after a PENDING lock is held, is ** implemented by obtaining a write-lock on the entire 'shared byte ** range'. Since all other locks require a read-lock on one of the bytes ** within this range, this ensures that no other locks are held on the ** database. */ int rc = SQLITE_OK; unixFile *pFile = (unixFile*)id; unixInodeInfo *pInode; struct flock lock; int tErrno = 0; assert( pFile ); OSTRACE(("LOCK %d %s was %s(%s,%d) pid=%d (unix)

", pFile->h, azFileLock(eFileLock), azFileLock(pFile->eFileLock), azFileLock(pFile->pInode->eFileLock), pFile->pInode->nShared, osGetpid(0))); /* If there is already a lock of this type or more restrictive on the ** unixFile, do nothing. Don't use the end_lock: exit path, as ** unixEnterMutex() hasn't been called yet. */ if( pFile->eFileLock>=eFileLock ){ OSTRACE(("LOCK %d %s ok (already held) (unix)

", pFile->h, azFileLock(eFileLock))); return SQLITE_OK; } /* Make sure the locking sequence is correct. ** (1) We never move from unlocked to anything higher than shared lock. ** (2) SQLite never explicitly requests a pendig lock. ** (3) A shared lock is always held when a reserve lock is requested. */ assert( pFile->eFileLock!=NO_LOCK || eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK ); assert( eFileLock!=PENDING_LOCK ); assert( eFileLock!=RESERVED_LOCK || pFile->eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK ); /* This mutex is needed because pFile->pInode is shared across threads */ unixEnterMutex(); pInode = pFile->pInode; /* If some thread using this PID has a lock via a different unixFile* ** handle that precludes the requested lock, return BUSY. */ if( (pFile->eFileLock!=pInode->eFileLock && (pInode->eFileLock>=PENDING_LOCK || eFileLock>SHARED_LOCK)) ){ rc = SQLITE_BUSY; goto end_lock; } /* If a SHARED lock is requested, and some thread using this PID already ** has a SHARED or RESERVED lock, then increment reference counts and ** return SQLITE_OK. */ if( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK && (pInode->eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK || pInode->eFileLock==RESERVED_LOCK) ){ assert( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK ); assert( pFile->eFileLock==0 ); assert( pInode->nShared>0 ); pFile->eFileLock = SHARED_LOCK; pInode->nShared++; pInode->nLock++; goto end_lock; } /* A PENDING lock is needed before acquiring a SHARED lock and before ** acquiring an EXCLUSIVE lock. For the SHARED lock, the PENDING will ** be released. */ lock.l_len = 1L; lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET; if( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK || (eFileLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK && pFile->eFileLock<PENDING_LOCK) ){ lock.l_type = (eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK?F_RDLCK:F_WRLCK); lock.l_start = PENDING_BYTE; if( unixFileLock(pFile, &lock) ){ tErrno = errno; rc = sqliteErrorFromPosixError(tErrno, SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK); if( rc!=SQLITE_BUSY ){ storeLastErrno(pFile, tErrno); } goto end_lock; } } /* If control gets to this point, then actually go ahead and make ** operating system calls for the specified lock. */ if( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK ){ assert( pInode->nShared==0 ); assert( pInode->eFileLock==0 ); assert( rc==SQLITE_OK ); /* Now get the read-lock */ lock.l_start = SHARED_FIRST; lock.l_len = SHARED_SIZE; if( unixFileLock(pFile, &lock) ){ tErrno = errno; rc = sqliteErrorFromPosixError(tErrno, SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK); } /* Drop the temporary PENDING lock */ lock.l_start = PENDING_BYTE; lock.l_len = 1L; lock.l_type = F_UNLCK; if( unixFileLock(pFile, &lock) && rc==SQLITE_OK ){ /* This could happen with a network mount */ tErrno = errno; rc = SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK; } if( rc ){ if( rc!=SQLITE_BUSY ){ storeLastErrno(pFile, tErrno); } goto end_lock; }else{ pFile->eFileLock = SHARED_LOCK; pInode->nLock++; pInode->nShared = 1; } }else if( eFileLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK && pInode->nShared>1 ){ /* We are trying for an exclusive lock but another thread in this ** same process is still holding a shared lock. */ rc = SQLITE_BUSY; }else{ /* The request was for a RESERVED or EXCLUSIVE lock. It is ** assumed that there is a SHARED or greater lock on the file ** already. */ assert( 0!=pFile->eFileLock ); lock.l_type = F_WRLCK; assert( eFileLock==RESERVED_LOCK || eFileLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK ); if( eFileLock==RESERVED_LOCK ){ lock.l_start = RESERVED_BYTE; lock.l_len = 1L; }else{ lock.l_start = SHARED_FIRST; lock.l_len = SHARED_SIZE; } if( unixFileLock(pFile, &lock) ){ tErrno = errno; rc = sqliteErrorFromPosixError(tErrno, SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK); if( rc!=SQLITE_BUSY ){ storeLastErrno(pFile, tErrno); } } } #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG /* Set up the transaction-counter change checking flags when ** transitioning from a SHARED to a RESERVED lock. The change ** from SHARED to RESERVED marks the beginning of a normal ** write operation (not a hot journal rollback). */ if( rc==SQLITE_OK && pFile->eFileLock<=SHARED_LOCK && eFileLock==RESERVED_LOCK ){ pFile->transCntrChng = 0; pFile->dbUpdate = 0; pFile->inNormalWrite = 1; } #endif if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){ pFile->eFileLock = eFileLock; pInode->eFileLock = eFileLock; }else if( eFileLock==EXCLUSIVE_LOCK ){ pFile->eFileLock = PENDING_LOCK; pInode->eFileLock = PENDING_LOCK; } end_lock: unixLeaveMutex(); OSTRACE(("LOCK %d %s %s (unix)

", pFile->h, azFileLock(eFileLock), rc==SQLITE_OK ? "ok" : "failed")); return rc; } /* ** Add the file descriptor used by file handle pFile to the corresponding ** pUnused list. */ static void setPendingFd(unixFile *pFile){ unixInodeInfo *pInode = pFile->pInode; UnixUnusedFd *p = pFile->pPreallocatedUnused; p->pNext = pInode->pUnused; pInode->pUnused = p; pFile->h = -1; pFile->pPreallocatedUnused = 0; nUnusedFd++; } /* ** Lower the locking level on file descriptor pFile to eFileLock. eFileLock ** must be either NO_LOCK or SHARED_LOCK. ** ** If the locking level of the file descriptor is already at or below ** the requested locking level, this routine is a no-op. ** ** If handleNFSUnlock is true, then on downgrading an EXCLUSIVE_LOCK to SHARED ** the byte range is divided into 2 parts and the first part is unlocked then ** set to a read lock, then the other part is simply unlocked. This works ** around a bug in BSD NFS lockd (also seen on MacOSX 10.3+) that fails to ** remove the write lock on a region when a read lock is set. */ static int posixUnlock(sqlite3_file *id, int eFileLock, int handleNFSUnlock){ unixFile *pFile = (unixFile*)id; unixInodeInfo *pInode; struct flock lock; int rc = SQLITE_OK; assert( pFile ); OSTRACE(("UNLOCK %d %d was %d(%d,%d) pid=%d (unix)

", pFile->h, eFileLock, pFile->eFileLock, pFile->pInode->eFileLock, pFile->pInode->nShared, osGetpid(0))); assert( eFileLock<=SHARED_LOCK ); if( pFile->eFileLock<=eFileLock ){ return SQLITE_OK; } unixEnterMutex(); pInode = pFile->pInode; assert( pInode->nShared!=0 ); if( pFile->eFileLock>SHARED_LOCK ){ assert( pInode->eFileLock==pFile->eFileLock ); #ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG /* When reducing a lock such that other processes can start ** reading the database file again, make sure that the ** transaction counter was updated if any part of the database ** file changed. If the transaction counter is not updated, ** other connections to the same file might not realize that ** the file has changed and hence might not know to flush their ** cache. The use of a stale cache can lead to database corruption. */ pFile->inNormalWrite = 0; #endif /* downgrading to a shared lock on NFS involves clearing the write lock ** before establishing the readlock - to avoid a race condition we downgrade ** the lock in 2 blocks, so that part of the range will be covered by a ** write lock until the rest is covered by a read lock: ** 1: [WWWWW] ** 2: [....W] ** 3: [RRRRW] ** 4: [RRRR.] */ if( eFileLock==SHARED_LOCK ){ #if !defined(__APPLE__) || !SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE (void)handleNFSUnlock; assert( handleNFSUnlock==0 ); #endif #if defined(__APPLE__) && SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE if( handleNFSUnlock ){ int tErrno; /* Error code from system call errors */ off_t divSize = SHARED_SIZE - 1; lock.l_type = F_UNLCK; lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET; lock.l_start = SHARED_FIRST; lock.l_len = divSize; if( unixFileLock(pFile, &lock)==(-1) ){ tErrno = errno; rc = SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK; storeLastErrno(pFile, tErrno); goto end_unlock; } lock.l_type = F_RDLCK; lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET; lock.l_start = SHARED_FIRST; lock.l_len = divSize; if( unixFileLock(pFile, &lock)==(-1) ){ tErrno = errno; rc = sqliteErrorFromPosixError(tErrno, SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK); if( IS_LOCK_ERROR(rc) ){ storeLastErrno(pFile, tErrno); } goto end_unlock; } lock.l_type = F_UNLCK; lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET; lock.l_start = SHARED_FIRST+divSize; lock.l_len = SHARED_SIZE-divSize; if( unixFileLock(pFile, &lock)==(-1) ){ tErrno = errno; rc = SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK; storeLastErrno(pFile, tErrno); goto end_unlock; } }else #endif /* defined(__APPLE__) && SQLITE_ENABLE_LOCKING_STYLE */ { lock.l_type = F_RDLCK; lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET; lock.l_start = SHARED_FIRST; lock.l_len = SHARED_SIZE; if( unixFileLock(pFile, &lock) ){ /* In theory, the call to unixFileLock() cannot fail because another ** process is holding an incompatible lock. If it does, this ** indicates that the other process is not following the locking ** protocol. If this happens, return SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK. Returning ** SQLITE_BUSY would confuse the upper layer (in practice it causes ** an assert to fail). */ rc = SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK; storeLastErrno(pFile, errno); goto end_unlock; } } } lock.l_type = F_UNLCK; lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET; lock.l_start = PENDING_BYTE; lock.l_len = 2L; assert( PENDING_BYTE+1==RESERVED_BYTE ); if( unixFileLock(pFile, &lock)==0 ){ pInode->eFileLock = SHARED_LOCK; }else{ rc = SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK; storeLastErrno(pFile, errno); goto end_unlock; } } if( eFileLock==NO_LOCK ){ /* Decrement the shared lock counter. Release the lock using an ** OS call only when all threads in this same process have released ** the lock. */ pInode->nShared--; if( pInode->nShared==0 ){ lock.l_type = F_UNLCK; lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET; lock.l_start = lock.l_len = 0L; if( unixFileLock(pFile, &lock)==0 ){ pInode->eFileLock = NO_LOCK; }else{ rc = SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK; storeLastErrno(pFile, errno); pInode->eFileLock = NO_LOCK; pFile->eFileLock = NO_LOCK; } } /* Decrement the count of locks against this same file. When the ** count reaches zero, close any other file descriptors whose close ** was deferred because of outstanding locks. */ pInode->nLock--; assert( pInode->nLock>=0 ); if( pInode->nLock==0 ){ closePendingFds