The rover won't launch until sometime between 2022 and 2024, but you won't have to wait so long to see the prototype in action. When the prototype is ready later this year, it'll take off from a balloon carrying either the surveyor camera or equipment to study high-altitude radiation. A second flight in 2016 will see Prandtl-m fly for as long as five hours until it lands on Earth, and a potential third flight would simulate the final drone's planned launch from a CubeSat. While it'll likely take much, much longer before humans are soaring over the Red Planet, this should represent an important first step.

[Image credit: NASA/Dennis Calaba]