In September, Gov. Paul LePage cited a report that said Maine’s renewable energy mandate would cost electricity ratepayers $145 million and nearly 1,000 jobs by 2017. The study was immediately challenged for its conclusions, and now its motives are under scrutiny.

The Beacon Hill Institute at Suffolk University in Boston, which published the study, has received significant funding from fossil fuel interests.

Additional Photos Gov. Paul LePage Associated Press file photo

The Washington Post reported that the study has been used to bolster model legislation co-written by the conservative American Legislative Exchange Council and The Heartland Institute, a group that denies climate change, in a coordinated effort to repeal renewable-energy mandates in several states.

The Heartland Institute has also received funding from fossil fuel interests, including ExxonMobil and Charles G. Koch and David H. Koch, the billionaire libertarians whose Koch Industries has substantial oil and energy holdings competing against renewable-energy companies.

Adrienne Bennett, LePage’s spokeswoman, said Monday that the administration was unaware of the Beacon Hill Institute’s backing from fossil fuel interests.

Bennett said LePage supports any energy source that lowers costs for Maine ratepayers, including renewable sources.

“The real issue isn’t who funded the study,” Bennett said. “It’s that renewable energy and wind energy is more expensive than other sources.”

That assertion also is in dispute.

In 2011, LePage led an effort to freeze Maine’s law that requires power companies to get a portion of their electricity from renewable sources, such as wind and solar power. The law, passed in 1999, requires that 30 percent of retail electricity sales come from renewable sources.

The requirement was increased in 2006, setting a goal of 40 percent by 2017.

Twenty-eight other states have similar laws, which supporters say are designed to jump-start the clean energy economy, lower carbon emissions from coal- and oil-fired plants and create jobs in rural areas.

Opponents, including LePage, argue that mandating renewable energy sources is a tax on ratepayers and contributes to Maine’s high electricity costs.

The Republican-controlled Legislature balked at the governor’s call to freeze the mandate and, later, to allow hydropower to count toward the annual requirement.

Instead, the Legislature commissioned an independent study by London Economics International, a global consulting firm with clients in multiple energy sectors. The study ultimately dissuaded lawmakers from backing LePage’s proposals.

The study showed that the renewable energy mandate now adds one half of 1 percent — 37 cents — to each consumer’s monthly electricity bill.

When the mandate hits its peak of 40 percent in 2017, the cost will increase to $1.72 per month, the study showed.

The report also said the mandate will lead to 12,000 permanent and temporary construction jobs and increase Maine’s annual gross state product by $1.1 billion by 2017.

The governor has not backed away from the issue. He has talked about it three times in the past two months, first citing the Beacon Hill report in a press release in September, and raising the issue in a video address in October. On Saturday, he revisited the topic in his weekly radio address.

He didn’t name the Beacon Hill study but said “studies indicate that Maine’s current Renewable Portfolio Standards Law … will raise the cost of electricity in Maine by 8 percent over the next five years.”

The Beacon Hill Institute’s study was republished by the Maine Heritage Policy Center, a conservative advocacy group that used the study’s findings to estimate the impact in Maine.

The two groups belong to the State Policy Network, the umbrella group for free-market organizations that attempt to influence policy-making in state legislatures. The State Policy Network has also received funding from the Koch brothers, and has come under fire by progressive groups that say it is advancing an extreme conservative agenda while concealing corporate donors.

Gabe Elsner, co-leader of the Checks and Balances Project, a group in Washington, D.C., that aims to “expose the fossil fuel industry agenda against renewables,” said on Monday that the Beacon Hill Institute’s report has been pushed in 11 other states by groups belonging to the State Policy Network.

“These groups are pushing out seemingly different reports all advocating for the elimination of clean-energy laws,” Elsner said. “All have been written by (Beacon Hill).”

David G. Tuerck, executive director of the Beacon Hill Institute, told The Washington Post that the Koch funding had no impact on the report’s conclusions. Tuerck said other Beacon Hill donors had asked to remain anonymous.

The lack of transparency is the problem, Elsner said, and state lawmakers who review model legislation by the American Legislative Exchange Council may have no idea that the study used to support a bill to repeal renewable energy mandates was partially funded by fossil-fuel interests.

He called the effort by the council and Beacon Hill “a one-two punch against clean-energy laws.”

Asked about the source of his group’s funding, Elsner said Checks and Balances actively sought the support of green-energy groups like Renew American Prosperity Inc.

Jeremy Payne, with the Maine Renewable Energy Association, said the Beacon Hill Institute’s study was flawed, perhaps purposely, because it based its calculations on assumptions that renewable energy prices projected by the U.S. Energy Information Administration were too low and that states wouldn’t enforce built-in cost containment measures.

Payne expressed hope that past bipartisan resistance to repeal or change Maine’s renewable energy mandate will continue despite the study and the model legislation.

Democratic lawmakers have traditionally supported renewable energy, specifically wind energy. The Legislature’s incoming Democratic majority is unlikely to buck that trend.

Sen. Seth Goodall, D-Richmond, the incoming Senate majority leader, said he hopes that lawmakers will consider “independent, well-reasoned studies rather than those supported and funded by specific interests.”

“The fact is, independent studies have shown that the (renewable-energy mandate) is a winner for Maine and helps bring economic growth to rural parts of the state,” Goodall said.

Steve Mistler — 791-6345

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