“Even as Trump is continuing this immigrant bashing, these voters are not blaming him for what is going on in the country right now — they are giving him the benefit of the doubt,” said Matt Barreto, who runs the polling firm. “There is an enthusiasm deficit — people are losing their jobs, losing their health care, losing their house, and they are not hearing how the Democratic Party is trying to solve that.”

Latinos are expected to be the largest nonwhite ethnic voting bloc this fall, and Democrats have made it clear that they believe record turnout from the group will lead to significant victories in states that are crucial to recapturing the White House. Before the pandemic, many political operatives said they were seeing unprecedented levels of engagement and excitement from Latinos, in part driven by anger over what they view as the Trump administration’s damaging messages and policy on immigration.

But many Latino operatives have repeatedly warned Democrats not to take these voters for granted. Presuming that anger with the Trump administration will easily translate into a victory for Mr. Biden is a mistake, they say. The concern, they argue, is an enthusiasm gap — less that Latinos will turn to Mr. Trump, but that they won’t vote at all. In a poll conducted in late February, 73 percent of Latino voters said they were “almost certain” to vote in November. Two months later, that number has dropped to 60 percent.

“I don’t want anybody to take the Latino community of this country for granted, and we tend to do that,” said Henry Muñoz, a former Democratic Party official who helped start Somos, a network of health professionals in New York City, and who paid for the poll. “Latinos don’t vote because they don’t believe that anyone in office has their back. They don’t think that if they vote or if they organize, that anything that happens will impact their family.”