Vice President Joe Biden listens as Madeleine Smith recounts her story of being a raped victim while a student at Harvard University, during an event announcing the release of the First Report of the White House Task Force to Protect Students from Sexual Assault, Tuesday, April 29, 2014, in the South Court Auditorium of the Eisenhower Executive Office Building on the White House complex in Washington. The White House is urging schools to provide victims of sexual assault with a confidential, respectful way to report the crimes and seek treatment. (AP Photo)

Sixty-four colleges and universities are under federal investigation over concerns about how they handled sexual assault cases on campus.

The U.S. Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights began disclosing all colleges under review for their handling of sexual assault cases following a White House task force on campus rape. The Department of Education faced pressure from activists and members of Congress for greater transparency, as colleges typically refrained from discussing or disclosing their federal investigations unless asked about them.

When the Department of Education published the full list for the first time on May 1, there were 55 schools facing federal scrutiny.

Since then, OCR has opened inquiries into the University of Alaska system of higher education, Berklee College of Music, Missouri University of Science & Technology, Elmira College in New York, the University of Akron, Cisco Junior College in Texas, James Madison University and the University of Richmond.

The Department of Education is not disclosing specifics about what prompted the investigations, but is specifying whether they are due to complaints or are proactive compliance reviews initiated by OCR. The agency has emphasized that compliance reviews are not random, and are more comprehensive investigations than those sparked by complaints. OCR has also told The Huffington Post it faced a steady increase in the number of complaints about how colleges handle sexual violence, leading to a rise in the number of investigations.

Colleges are required under the gender equity law Title IX to investigate and respond to reports of sexual assault and harassment on campus. If OCR were to determine a college was not compliant with Title IX, it could yank federal funding from the school, something it has never done with a higher education institution.

OCR may be conducting additional Title IX investigations related to sexual violence, but those inquiries are not being disclosed because they are not tied specifically to investigations of sexual assault cases. They may instead include concerns about Title IX retaliation or failure to designate a Title IX coordinator, among other things.

The full list of colleges and universities under Title IX investigations for handling of sexual assault cases is printed below, sorted by state, with the date the inquiries began.