All these literary products are, in varying degrees, worth reading, or at least dipping into on one of those days when you’re not feeling unambiguously alive yourself. But taken as a whole the recent onslaught of zombie fiction is wearying. There’s a certain monotony built into the genre: in too many of these tales, the flesh-­chompers advance, are repelled, advance again and are repelled again, more or less ad infinitum.

Modern-day zombie stories often read like plague narratives, in which a panicky populace struggles to deal with a threat that’s overwhelming, unceasing and apparently uncontrollable. (This spring the Centers for Disease Control, in a playful attempt to stimulate interest in the dull subject of emergency preparedness, issued an online “Zombie Apocalypse Survival Guide.” It got so many hits, the Web site crashed.) And because the ravening dead are, by definition, not interesting and are way too numerous ever to be defeated — at least in plague chronicles there’s hope for a cure — even the more inventive zombie stories tend to be static: grim annals of hard-won, provisional survival.

But that may be the secret of their popularity. With every fashion in horror, it’s worth asking, Why do we choose to fear this, and why now? The answers can be more unsettling than the stories themselves. In the case of zombie fiction, you have to wonder whether our 21st-century fascination with these hungry hordes has something to do with a general anxiety, particularly in the West, about the planet’s dwindling resources: a sense that there are too many people out there, with too many urgent needs, and that eventually these encroaching masses, dimly understood but somehow ominous in their collective appetites, will simply consume us. At this awful, pinched moment of history we look into the future and see a tsunami of want bearing down on us, darkening the sky. The zombie is clearly the right monster for this glum mood, but it’s a little disturbing to think that these nonhuman creatures, with their slack, gaping maws, might be serving as metaphors for actual people — undocumented immigrants, say, or the entire populations of developing nations — whose only offense, in most cases, is that their mouths and bellies demand to be filled.

Fear is a primitive impulse, brainless as hunger, and because the aim of horror fiction is the production of the deepest kinds of fears, the genre tends to reinforce some remarkably uncivilized ideas about self-protection. In the current crop of zombie stories, the prevailing value for the beleaguered survivors is a sort of siege mentality, a vigilance so constant and unremitting that it’s indistinguishable from the purest paranoia. This is not a state of mind to bring out the best in our old, tired human nature. It’s astonishing, then, to come across a zombie tale like Alden Bell’s novel The Reapers Are the Angels (Holt, paper, $15), in which a world that “has gone to black damnation” becomes, somehow, the occasion of a young woman’s spiritual redemption.

The heroine, 15-year-old Temple, moves easily and violently through a Deep South landscape infested with the menacing dead, living by her wits — which are formidable — and retaining, heroically, a sense of wonder at God’s creation, “all that beauty in the suffered world.” The zombies are plenty scary (she calls them “meatskins” or “slugs”), and some of the hard-nosed human survivors are barely less threatening. But Temple is blessed with an unearthly composure, in part because she’s a post-apocalypse child: this is the only world she’s ever known. And, she says, “you gotta look at the world that is and try not to get bogged down by what it ain’t.”