In response, schools across the country have introduced courses about sexual consent, reviewed the way they handle allegations of assault, and stepped up counseling for survivors.

But the question of how to handle fraternities has dogged administrators for years: Critics say fraternity houses encourage drunken partying and sexual misconduct, while supporters say many of them build camaraderie and foster future professional relationships.

The Swarthmore documents, published by The Phoenix and Voices, both student-run publications, read like a series of meeting minutes between fraternity brothers and appear to chronicle life at Phi Psi between 2010 and 2016. This means many of the people mentioned in them have since graduated. But students say they are representative of the current atmosphere.

In early April, Ms. Goldberg and other students started a Tumblr account in which students could publish anonymous accounts of encounters at fraternity parties. One wrote of being raped in a basement with a “foreign object.” Another wrote of running away as two intoxicated fraternity brothers shouted a homophobic slur.

The Swarthmore police did not immediately respond to a request for comment regarding the assault accusations.

In a statement on Facebook, the fraternity distanced itself from the documents.

“We wholeheartedly condemn the language of the 2013 and 2014 notes, as they are not representative of who we are today,” the statement said. “All our current brothers were in high school and middle school at the time of these unofficial minutes, and none of us would have joined the organization had this been the standard when we arrived at Swarthmore.”