Juan Camilo Castillo

Stanford University

Daniel Mejía

Universidad de los Andes

Pascual Restrepo

Boston University

We are grateful to Daron Acemoglu, Michael Clemens, Dora Costa, Melissa Dell, Leopoldo Fergusson, Bruno Ferman, Claudio Ferraz, Dorothy Kronick, Giovanna Marcolongo, and Otis Reid, as well as seminar participants at Universidad de los Andes, Stanford, UCLA, ITAM and the AL CAPONE and LACEA meetings for their very helpful comments and suggestions. Melissa Dell, Horacio Larreguy, and Viridiana Ríos kindly provided some of the data used in this paper. We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Open Society Foundation and from the Center for Global Development.

A supplemental appendix is available online at http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/suppl/10.1162/rest_a_00801.