



Where You Can Apply?



The most efficient use of neem extracts for pest control has been found to be against chewing and sucking insects, principally lepidopterous caterpillars and beetle larvae. The active ingredient accumulates in the growing tips of the treated plants, usually reaching functional levels within 24 hours of the leaves being sprayed. No other insecticidal products have the rapidity of systemic activity of azadirachtin. Only borer type insects are not affected by this insecticide.



Toxicity



The relative toxicity of neem extracts to non-target organisms is low. In toxicological testing conducted by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, it was not possible to establish an 'LD-50' for azadirachtin, because no symptoms were recorded, even at the highest dosage used. As a result, there is no 'residual' or 'withholding period' necessary following the use of neem extracts.



Less Cost



The cost of pest control with neem extracts is relatively low. In the developing world, neem leaf or fruit (kernels) produced by farmers from their own neem trees can supply no-cost or low-cost pest control.

Today, people from all over the world are insufficiently aware about their daily food consumption. Most like to eat organic food and reduce GM (Genetically Modified) crops. So farmers of both modern and developing countries are trying to produce organic crops. But at this time there are lots of pests and insects which decrease the yield of crops and losses total yields. For this reason farmers are interested in cultivating their crops under Integrated Pest Management and other control management systems. If they want to produce crops without the help of synthetic insecticides, they can use organic pesticides such as neem (Azadirachta indica) plant extract. Pest control using extracts from the Neem tree (Azadirachta indica) currently occurs in more than 55 countries throughout the world and neem products have been in use in parts of Asia, such as Myanmar and India for over 2,500 years.





Figure:Neem leaf,stem,fruit





One problem create about degradation of this extract with light specifically degradation of azadirachtin by ultraviolet light and daylight. Some producers bypass this problem by mixing neem extract with pyrethrum derivatives; the active constituents in the mixture synergise and are long-lasting.



Another one is lots of positive sides are here for neem plant cultivation, but only one problem that neem plant grows in tropical and sub-tropical region of the world. So, climatic condition is the main factor for this plant establishment. So, it’s necessary to invent a variety which can easily in tempered regions of the world.