The Senate passed an annual $612 billion defense policy bill Thursday, including extra war funding for the Pentagon that brought a veto threat from the White House.

Senators voted 71-25 on the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), which lays out broad policy requirements for the Defense Department.

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Bernie Sanders Bernie SandersNYT editorial board remembers Ginsburg: She 'will forever have two legacies' Two GOP governors urge Republicans to hold off on Supreme Court nominee Sanders knocks McConnell: He's going against Ginsburg's 'dying wishes' MORE (Vt.) voted against the legislation.

The usually bipartisan bill garnered strong criticism from Democratic leadership this year for including an extra $38 billion in funds through the Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO) account, the Pentagon's war fund. The maneuver allowed Republicans to bypass federal budget caps imposed in 2011.

"There is one overarching problem that remains with this bill. The problem is that this bill is funded through the OCO accounts in a significant way," Sen. Reed (R.I.), the lead Democrat on the Armed Services Committee, said ahead of the vote.

Sen. Chris Murphy Christopher (Chris) Scott MurphyDemocratic senator calls for 'more flexible' medical supply chain to counter pandemics The Hill's 12:30 Report - Presented by Facebook - Don't expect a government check anytime soon GOP chairman to release interim report on Biden probe 'in about a week' MORE (D-Conn.) told reporters he doesn't agree with the extra war funding but that Democrats would rather use a separate defense spending bill to make their stand on lifting the budget caps.

"I think there's a lot of my colleagues who want to fight this once rather than twice," he said.

Murphy joined a majority of Senate Democrats to pass the bill.

Sen. John McCain John Sidney McCainMomentum growing among Republicans for Supreme Court vote before Election Day McConnell urges GOP senators to 'keep your powder dry' on Supreme Court vacancy McSally says current Senate should vote on Trump nominee MORE (R-Ariz.), the chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee, tried to persuade Democrats ahead of the vote, suggesting that dropping the extra funding would hurt the military.

"I don't like the use of OCO," he said. "[But] to get hung up on the method of funding which many will use as a rationale for opposing this bill seems to me an upside-down set of priorities, badly upside-down."

The $612 billion bill, which authorizes a wide array of funding for defense and foreign policy issues, now goes to conference with House lawmakers, led by Rep. Mac Thornberry (R-Texas), who chairs the House Armed Services Committee.

Thornberry and McCain separately told reporters earlier this week that they'll be able to get the House-Senate conference committee report passed by the end of July.

The Senate's passage of the defense policy bill comes months ahead of the upper chamber's pace in recent years when lawmakers have scrambled at the end of the year to finish their work.

But even if the legislation passes Congress, the White House has threatened to veto both the House and Senate versions of the defense policy bill.

"If this bill were presented to the President, the President’s senior advisors would recommend to the President that he veto it," according to a statement from the White House's Office of Management and Budget.

The White House, as well as congressional Democrats, argue that if Congress is going to increase defense spending it must also increase non-defense spending.

Asked about a potential veto, McCain said earlier this week that it was a "real threat," but added that it would be "hard to justify to the American people in the world we live in."

McConnell told reporters after the vote that it "looks like this is a bill that can actually become law" despite the presidential veto threat

But, asked if the veto-proof majority of Thursday's vote meant the Senate would be able to override a potential veto, McCain suggested he was less confident.

"I can't be sure," he said. "You don't know what kind of pressures might be exerted in the case of a veto."

McCain added that he asked Defense Secretary Ashton Carter during a breakfast meeting to tell him where they could try to find areas of agreement with the administration while lawmakers work out the final bill in conference.

This story was updated at 3:39 p.m.