WASHINGTON — Representative Elijah E. Cummings, whose death on Thursday left both Republicans and Democrats mourning the loss of a lawmaker they praised as passionate and decent, will lie in state in the Capitol, Speaker Nancy Pelosi said Friday.

Mr. Cummings, a son of sharecroppers who rose to become one of the most powerful Democrats in Congress and a central figure in the investigations into President Trump, will lie in Statuary Hall, the grand, two-story semicircular room between the Rotunda and the House chamber.

A formal ceremony will be held there Thursday morning, Ms. Pelosi said, for members of Congress, the Cummings family and “invited guests.” After the memorial, Mr. Cummings’s coffin will be moved just outside the House chamber for a public viewing, a spokesman for Ms. Pelosi said.

For more than two decades, Mr. Cummings was a representative from Maryland; his district included some of the neediest sections of Baltimore. A former chairman of the Congressional Black Caucus, he led the House Oversight and Reform Committee. That powerful perch gave him wide latitude to investigate the president, and he used his authority expansively.