According Rob Chambers, the company's director of human spaceflight strategy and business development, the objective is to figure out the level of interest and to get a feel of what the market could be. Perhaps, more importantly, the study will help it figure out how much sending a payload to places beyond Low Earth Orbit would cost. "One of the reasons we're collecting this information, and why NASA was really supportive, is to figure out the market price and how useful this is to people," he said in a statement. NASA needs to know how much to charge to, say, fly an experiment to the dark side of the moon before it can offer the opportunity, after all.

According to Chambers, Orion will most likely be able to start flying commercial payloads during Exploration Mission-2 in 2022 or 2023. That's the Orion-SLS system's first manned mission ever, and it's expected to take the astronauts on a multi-day journey around the moon in a lunar flyby. Orion could take on some small payloads as soon as mid-2020, though, when Exploration Mission-1 is scheduled to blast off. Before any of that happens, Lockheed plans to sit down with NASA next summer to figure out which of the submissions it gets are feasible and have a chance of becoming reality.