Australia's Cardinal Pell testifies from Rome in abuse inquiry Published duration 29 February 2016

image copyright Alamy image caption Screen grab shows Australian investigators (top right) questioning Rome-based Cardinal George Pell via video link

Vatican treasurer Cardinal George Pell has said the Catholic Church has made "enormous mistakes" in dealing with claims of sexual abuse.

He gave evidence from Rome via video link to an Australian inquiry into child sex abuse.

Cardinal Pell, Australia's most senior Catholic, was asked whether he knew if paedophiles were active in churches under his watch.

"I'm not here to defend the indefensible," said Cardinal Pell.

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"The Church has made enormous mistakes and is working to remedy those but the Church in many places, certainly in Australia, has mucked things up, has let people down," he said.

Cardinal Pell, who is not accused of sexual abuse, denied knowing about paedophile priests who were active in the Ballarat diocese during his time there as a priest in the 1970s and 1980s.

Analysis: Phil Mercer, BBC News, Sydney

For the best part of four hours, Cardinal George Pell was in the global spotlight, and the intense scrutiny will continue for at least two more days.

Raking through memories stretching back decades, this was a forensic examination of what Australia's most prominent Catholic official did or didn't know about paedophile priests preying on the innocent in Ballarat in the 1970s and '80s.

Cardinal Pell has strenuously denied any wrongdoing, mostly handling the inquisition in the elegant surrounds of Rome's Hotel Quirinale calmly, although his patience appeared to wane as the night wore on.

He said child abuse perpetrated by members of the clergy in Australia was a "catastrophe", and that many victims had suffered in a "terrible way."

But was the Vatican's money man being truly conciliatory or evasive? Opinion will be split, and the days ahead promise to be emotional and contentious.

The Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sex Abuse is holding its second round of inquiries into child sex abuse that occurred in the city of Ballarat in Victoria state.

Cardinal Pell was a priest in Ballarat and lived in a seminary with a notorious paedophile priest, Gerald Ridsdale, in the early 1970s.

Ridsdale committed more than 130 offences against young boys while working as a chaplain at Ballarat's St Alipius school between the 1960s and the 1980s.

Even though Cardinal Pell is not facing criminal charges, detractors have questioned the extent of his knowledge of child abuse, and say it could make his Vatican position untenable.

image copyright Getty Images image caption Cardinal Pell faced the Royal Commission in Sydney two years ago

In his testimony, Cardinal Pell did admit to hearing "fleeting references" and rumours of "eccentricities" regarding Christian Brothers - priests teaching at Catholic schools.

He was also critical of the former bishop of the Ballarat diocese, Ronald Mulkearns, who allegedly moved paedophile priest Gerald Ridsdale from parish to parish.

The cardinal said Bishop Mulkearns' actions were "a catastrophe for victims and the church".

"If effective action had been taken earlier an enormous amount of suffering would have been avoided," he said.

Abuse survivors have flown to Rome to face the cardinal, who was excused from returning to Sydney due to ill health.

image copyright Reuters image caption Australian child abuse victims arrive at the Rome hotel where Cardinal Pell started giving evidence late on Sunday

Gerald Ridsdale's nephew David Ridsdale, a victim of abuse, told reporters in Rome that he was pleased with Cardinal Pell's "more conciliatory tone", but criticised his "careful selection of words".

The hearing is expected to run at least three days and resumes on Tuesday Australian time.

Cardinal Pell and the Royal Commission