One of the more enduring questions about the Apollo Moon missions is seemingly simple: after 40+ years, are the flags the astronauts planted on the lunar surface still there? It's an interesting question. Buzz Aldrin claims he saw the flag blow over when the ascent module carrying him and Neil Armstrong lifted off from the Moon - which was never confirmed (until now; hang on for that), but the fates of the flags from the other five missions have never been ascertained. In 2009 there was tantalizing evidence the flags from Apollo 17 was still standing, but the images were just barely too fuzzy to know for sure. But now, apparently, we do know: the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter has now confirmed that the flags at all the landing sites are still there, except for Apollo 11. It looked like Buzz was right! Here's an image showing the Apollo 16 flag:

The flag itself is visible in the picture - LRO's angle on it shows the shadowed side, which is slightly darker than the lunar surface - and the shadow it casts on the surface is obvious. I have to admit, I'm surprised*. The flags were made of simple nylon, which can disintegrate when exposed to ultraviolet light. I figured that after all this time they'd be nothing more than red, white, and blue powder at the base of their poles. I guess I was wrong. And I'm happy to be!

[UPDATE: In the comments below, BABloggee Maxx points out that polymers need oxygen to be degraded by UV light, so this may be why the flags haven't disintegrated.]

That picture from Apollo 16 is impressive, and I have to admit, that's my favorite flag of the missions. It's where Charlie Duke took a picture of John Young doing a "big Navy salute" - Young jumped up, and Duke snapped the photo while Young was still off the surface (not while he was in the air, of course, since that's a commodity the Moon lacks):

[embed width="610"]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nGMEn0FFQvw[/embed]

I also like it because it debunks a particularly silly Moon hoax claim (you know, the folks who think, despite a space program's worth of evidence, that the Apollo missions were faked). One big claim is that the flag is waving in some pictures

. It's a particularly goofy claim, since you can't tell if a flag is waving in a still photo! But during Apollo 16 Duke took a picture while Young saluted the flag, and Young took a picture of Duke saluting it. The pictures were taken half a minute or so apart, but if you compare them (here

and here

) you can see the flag has not moved one iota. Even thought he angles in the pictures are slightly different, it's clear the flag is very, very still, just as you'd expect on an airless body like the Moon. But those hoax claims are fantasy, and these new images are reality. We can see the flags now, still standing after more than four decades. That gives me hope that sometime in the near future - hopefully less than 40 more years from now! - someone will be standing there once again, and take a picture of one of those flags starkly contrasted against the dark black sky over the lunar surface. What a sight that will be. Image credit: NASA/GSFC/Arizona State University

^* I'll note that the LRO page (linked in the article above) says that early in the LRO mission the flag's shadow was seen from Apollo 12. I didn't know that! So that's pretty cool.

Related Posts: - … and the flag was still there - One Giant Leap seen again - LRO spots Apollo landing sites in high res - LRO spots Apollo 12 footsteps