MOSCOW — Paul Manafort’s consulting clients before he joined the Trump campaign in 2016 — the leaders of Ukraine’s pro-Russian government — were overthrown in a popular uprising in 2014.

Their problems continued this week. Mr. Manafort’s conviction on tax and bank fraud charges has reverberated in Ukraine, where the source of more than $60 million in political consulting fees he received from there had been shrouded in deep secrecy.

His trial was “like a fairy tale where all the secrets are revealed,” Mustafa Nayyem, a former investigative journalist and member of Parliament, said in an interview on Wednesday.

On Tuesday, shortly before a jury convicted Mr. Manafort, Ukraine’s prosecutor general, Yuri Lutsenko, opened a criminal investigation into Mr. Manafort’s former sponsors in Ukraine. By paying Mr. Manafort while simultaneously serving in government jobs, Mr. Lutsenko said, they are suspected of having violated Ukrainian laws against civil servants managing private businesses.