Eating nuts during pregnancy may lead to improved cognitive ability in children, Spanish r esearchers report.

Their study, in the European Journal of Epidemiology, included 2,208 children. Mothers filled out food questionnaires during the first and third trimesters of pregnancy, and researchers administered tests of motor and intellectual ability when the children were 1 and a half, 5 and 8 years old.

They found that while a third of the women ate no nuts at all, the children of women in the highest one-third for nut consumption — an average of 74 grams, or 2.6 ounces, of nuts a week — scored significantly higher over all on tests of sustained attention, working memory and I.Q. than those of mothers who ate less.

The study controlled for maternal age, socioeconomic status, smoking and alcohol consumption and many other characteristics of the mothers and babies.