A previous version of this article was presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine, in Denver, Colorado, April 12, 2018, and the AcademyHealth Annual Research Meeting, in Seattle, Washington, June 25, 2018. This work was made possible with support from the California Health Care Foundation. The research reported in this article was conducted at the Center for Financing, Access, and Cost Trends Data Center, and the support of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) is acknowledged. The results and conclusions presented in this article are those of the authors and do not indicate concurrence by AHRQ or the Department of Health and Human Services. The authors thank Hui Zheng of the Massachusetts General Hospital’s Biostatistics Center for his statistical guidance, which was supported by Harvard Catalyst | The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Award No. UL1 TR001102) and financial contributions from Harvard University and its affiliated academic health care centers. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of Harvard Catalyst, Harvard University and its affiliated academic health care centers, or the National Institutes of Health.