NEW YORK (MarketWatch) — Financial inequality among racial groups in the U.S. is smallest in Florida and largest in Minnesota, according to a study by personal finance website WalletHub.

As both Republicans and Democrats talk about helping the middle class, income inequality could become one of the themes ahead of the 2016 elections. Last year’s riots sparked by a police shooting in Ferguson, Mo., highlighted the racial element of that debate.

Indeed, white households have 13 times the median wealth of black households, the biggest gap since 1989, when whites were 17 times wealthier, according to a report published by the Pew Research Center in December. The gap between white and Hispanic households is the largest in 14 years.

To measure financial inequality within each state as well as the District of Columbia, WalletHub analyzed government data on household income, home ownership, education and poverty rate. White Americans, which are 63% of the population, are the benchmark by which the gaps between other racial groups were measured in the study.

Florida, which just passed New York to become the second-most populous state in the country, fared better than Minnesota on all counts, it found.

The poverty rate for blacks is twice that of whites in Florida, but in Minnesota, the rate is four times that of whites. The gap in median household income and home ownership between blacks and whites were both much smaller in Florida than in Minnesota. In terms of the education gap, blacks were the most disadvantaged group in Florida while in Minnesota Hispanics were most disadvantaged.

In no state were whites deemed most disadvantaged in any of the four categories.

Home ownership is a big factor propelling Florida to the top of the list, said Jill Gonzalez, a spokeswoman of Evolution Finance, the parent company of WalletHub.

“When you look at the states at the top of the list, like Florida, they have worked to put in place policies and programs geared toward minorities to help both promote home ownership as well as become home owners,” she said.

Here are the five states with the smallest gaps in inequality:

Florida West Virginia Vermont Alaska Hawaii

And the five states with the widest gaps:

Minnesota Rhode Island Nebraska Wisconsin Iowa

Find the full ranking of states here.