CAIRO — Sudan’s deposed leader, Omar Hassan al-Bashir, told investigators that he had received $90 million from Saudi Arabia, a Khartoum court heard on Monday during the opening of Mr. al-Bashir’s keenly anticipated trial on corruption charges.

A senior police officer testified that Mr. al-Bashir, who was ousted in April after months of street protests, had admitted to receiving part of the money from envoys sent by the Saudi crown prince, Mohammed bin Salman. The remainder came during the reign of King Abdullah, who died in 2015.

Mr. al-Bashir was confined to a cage and surrounded by uniformed security officials for the two-hour hearing, in a sight that few Sudanese could have imagined during Mr. al-Bashir’s 30 years in power. The former leader spoke only to confirm his name, age and residence. His lawyer dismissed the accusations.

It was a dramatic start to a trial that has come to signify the momentous changes underway in Sudan since Mr. al-Bashir was forced out. Many Sudanese hope to sweep away the vestiges of Mr. al-Bashir’s period of rule, when Sudan endured numerous internal revolts, became an international pariah and was subjected to American sanctions. More recently the country went through a crushing economic collapse that spurred the uprising against him.