“We want an agreement that will give a final end to the crisis and show there is light at the end of the tunnel,” Mr. Tsipras told a packed chamber in Strasbourg, France. But he said a deal could not come at any price, noting that Greece had been “transformed into a laboratory for testing austerity over the past years.”

The new Greek finance minister, Euclid Tsakalotos, submitted the loan request to the eurozone bailout fund, the European Stability Mechanism. In an accompanying letter, Mr. Tsakalotos mentioned one of Greece’s other main goals in securing a new loan: relief from some of its staggering public debt, which is more than €300 billion.

“Greece welcomes an opportunity to explore potential measures to be taken so that its official sector related debt becomes both sustainable and viable over the long term,” the letter said.

The basic disagreements between Greece and its creditors have been well established through months of negotiations. Before providing additional bailout money, the creditors want Greece to show that it can strengthen its finances and handle more debt. The main points of contention involve Greece’s overburdened pension system, which has been a big drain on the government’s finances, and proposed increases to elements of the country’s value-added tax, some of which are opposed by regional and other interest groups.

The Greek government, elected early this year on a platform of ending years of austerity imposed by Germany and other lenders, is pushing back against further pension cuts and higher taxes, saying they would further weaken an already crippled economy. It is also seeking a quick infusion of aid to help cover its bills and loan repayments in the short run, as well as a reduction in its debt payments for the long run.

“We have ideological differences,” Mr. Tsipras told the Parliament. “We are divided on issues.”

The differences are not huge in absolute terms, but they are complicated by an almost total breakdown in trust between the two sides. In its letter seeking new bailout money on Wednesday, Greece said, without offering any details, that it was ready “to immediately implement a set of measures as early as the beginning of next week” to address creditors’ demands for pension cuts and tax increases.