“The only thing that’s changed is everything,” says the slogan Apple unveiled along side the iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus. It’s an attempt to address the perception that the odd-year “s” updates to the iPhone line are minimal and uninteresting.

Yes, the “s” models look more or less like their predecessors, but for quite a while Apple has used these cycles to upgrade a lot of the stuff on the inside. This year is no different: The iPhone 6s and 6s Plus offer some major improvements, with better cameras (front and back), much faster processors, more responsive Touch ID, and the single biggest improvement to the iPhone’s user interface in its history.

But other than that, y’know, no big deal.

Same style, different measurements

Let’s start with the part of the iPhone that doesn’t change on “s” models: The outside. While Apple’s new 2015 phones seem indistinguishable from last year’s models, if you check carefully you’ll discover they’re slightly larger and heavier.

Both iPhone 6s models are fractions of a millimeter wider, longer, and thicker than their iPhone 6 equivalents. I absolutely couldn’t tell the difference, and the Apple leather case I’ve been using on my iPhone 6 for the last year slipped onto the 6s without any trouble. (Extremely tight, precisely made cases might have trouble fitting the new models, but I’d wager that most cases won’t have any trouble being repurposed for a newer model.)

The change in weight, on the other hand—which appears to be related to the addition of 3D Touch sensors under the display, and possibly the new Taptic Engine—well, that’s noticeable. The iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus both feel denser than the iPhone 6 models. The difference is less than an ounce, and it’s less than the weight of my Apple leather case, but it’s there. Just like getting used to the extra weight of a case, after a day or two you probably won’t notice the difference. But it is perceptible in a way that the changes in the iPhone 6s’s dimensions aren’t.

Jason Snell iPhone 6s (top) and the iPhone 6s Plus (bottom).

One of my least favorite things about the iPhone 6 design is that it feels a bit slippery, like a bar of soap. I never used to put cases on my iPhones, but my iPhone 6 has been in a case for the past year. Early reports suggested that the metal surface of iPhone 6s models, which use the stronger 7000-series aluminum Apple also uses in the Apple Watch Sport, was somehow more tacky or “grippable” than the older phones. When I asked Apple about this, they declined to say anything, and if I’m reading between the lines I think the suggestion there is that Apple doesn’t think there’s any difference.

Yet, I’ve seen people online who are convinced that their iPhone 6s units are less slick than their old phones. I’ve handled a bunch of iPhone 6s models now, and one of them—a 6s in the new Rose Gold color variant, which is pleasantly pink—did indeed feel noticeably tackier to the touch. But I’ve got a silver 6s Plus and a space gray 6s here that feel exactly as slick as last year’s models. It’s not the colors themselves—I heard from someone who is convinced their space gray 6s isn’t as slippery.

What’s happening here? Part of it could be a placebo effect, but my guess is that some change in Apple’s production process-either the manufacture of the aluminum itself or, more likely, the anodization process that each aluminum backplate undergoes—has introduced some variation in the texture of the iPhone’s surface. So if you buy an iPhone 6s, might it be a little bit easier to grip than the iPhone 6? It’s possible, but I sure wouldn’t count on it.

A touch screen with dimension

The banner feature of the iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus has got to be 3D Touch, which allows the iPhone to sense how much pressure you’re putting on its screen, and react to that in some interesting ways.

If you’re on the home screen and push a little extra harder on an app icon, you’ll usually (apps have to be updated to support this feature) see a menu of up to four Quick Actions. As the menu pops up, you’ll also feel a slight vibration coming from the phone’s Taptic Engine, which can create much more subtle vibration patterns than previous iPhones. In fact, if you push on an app that doesn’t offer Quick Actions, you’ll feel a longer triple-vibration pattern that indicates that there’s nothing to see.

Apple has done a great job integrating haptic feedback into 3D Touch, and the combination of your own sense of pressure on your fingertips and the vibration of the Taptic Engine is greater than the sum of its parts. Because the vibrations provide instant feedback about how hard to push in order to trigger 3D Touch, I never really had a problem triggering the feature accidentally.

Jason Snell Perform a 3D Touch on an app icon and a pop-up menu appears with tasks you can perform.

The items in Quick Actions menus are essentially links to different features or areas of the app whose icon you’re touching, allowing you to open the app and jump quickly to a specific area. For example, rather than opening the Camera app, tapping the icon to switch from the iSight camera to the FaceTime camera, and potentially swiping to get the app into Photo mode, you can just choose Take Selfie from the Quick Action menu. The Camera app opens, automatically switches to Photo mode, and changes to the FaceTime camera

When you are using an app, developers can choose how to use 3D Touch, if at all. Apple has provided the tools for developers to support a convention that it’s using in most of its own apps, which it calls “peek and pop.” When you provide a little bit of pressure on an on-screen item that’s concealing more information—this could be an icon representing a friend, a message in a Mail or Messages list, or a webpage link—the Taptic Engine provides a small vibration as a floating window pops up with a preview of the underlying information. If the item doesn’t interest you, you can remove your finger from the glass and the window goes away. If you want to know more, you can press a little bit harder and you’ll get a stronger vibration as the window “pops” open, just as if you had tapped on it to begin with.

It’s a nice feature, a little bit like Quick Look on the Mac. What makes it a bit more intriguing is that you can perform actions right from within the “peek” itself. For example, in Mail I can drag a “peek” to the right to mark a message as unread, or drag it left to archive it. If I drag the “peek” up, I get a menu that lets me choose to reply, forward, move, mark, or set a notification on that message. In Messages, dragging up on a “peek” brings up a list of auto-reply messages, so I can quickly answer a text.

App developers can decide if they want to implement “peek and pop” or build their own ways of reacting to 3D Touch. In Apple’s own Notes app, for example, when you’re in drawing mode the app detects the pressure of your finger on the screen and uses it to determine the intensity of the pencil marks. And game developers will undoubtedly find numerous ways to use pressure sensitivity to their advantage.

I’m a believer in 3D Touch—it provides a fantastic collection of power-user features, but feels natural enough that I think it’ll be adopted by more than just the nerdiest among us. My only real complaint is that some of the gestures while in “peek” mode are hard to do with my usual hand grip. A few times I found myself wanting to swipe on an email to archive it, only to realize my finger just couldn’t move any farther in that direction. And while I could use the nifty new 3D Touch shortcut to switch to the previous app by 3D Touching the left edge of the screen and swiping all the way to the right, on the iPhone 6s Plus my little thumb couldn’t complete the gesture because it couldn’t reach the other side of the screen. Maybe this is a sign to stick with the iPhone 6s and not move to the larger iPhone 6s Plus.

One final complaint, of a sort, about 3D Touch: After a few days of using it, I want it everywhere—and it’s not. I can flip up Control Center from the bottom of the screen to quickly open the Camera app, but for some reason I can’t 3D Touch on that Camera icon to bring up its Quick Actions. Why not? Similarly, the new iOS 9 search screen displays suggested app icons, but I can’t use 3D Touch on them, either.

Upgrading the bump

The fact is, our smartphones aren’t vital to our lives because they take phone calls. They’re vital because they connect us to the Internet, entertain us with apps, and provide us with a camera that’s always with us. Both of the cameras on the iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus are majorly upgraded from those on last year’s models. (And yes, the rear-facing iSight camera still sticks out from the back of the case, just like on last year’s models.)

The iSight camera has been upgraded to 12 megapixels, which allows the camera to capture more detail. The iPhone 6s Plus also offers optical image stabilization for both video and stills—an improvement on the iPhone 6 Plus, which only used OIS for stills.

In addition to upgrading the hardware, though, Apple has also introduced a new camera mode, called Live Photos. When you enable Live Photos (by tapping a new Live Photos icon when in the Photo setting of the Camera app), the iPhone is always shooting video and caching it temporarily. When you take a picture, the app grabs the last 1.5 seconds of video and the following 1.5 seconds, and saves that as a movie, alongside the still picture.

The idea here is that you’ve sort of captured the closest thing to one of those moving photographs from Harry Potter. It’s a fun idea, and once apps are updated to support the uploads, I expect that they’ll be a lot of fun to share. But I admit I’m a little disappointed about how Live Photos are implemented: When you 3D Touch on a Live Photo, the beautiful 12-megapixel still fades away and is replaced by a 1440-by-1080-pixel (1.55 megapixels) video running at only 15 frames per second. I guess even the impressive hardware on the iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus isn’t capable of capturing a higher resolution at a higher frame rate, but it’s a disappointing drop in quality from that beautiful still image. As a bonus easter egg around a still picture, Live Photos can be fun and silly, but if I’m ever in a situation where I want to capture movement, I’m going to shoot video instead.

Speaking of shooting video, these iPhones have received a major upgrade. They can shoot 4K video (3840-by-2160, or four times the pixels of a 1080 HD video). Right now there aren’t a lot of 4K TVs out there, but inevitably there will be someday. 4K video also gives you much more to work with in terms of zooming and cropping video when you edit later, because you can throw away a large chunk of an image and still have full 1080 HD resolution to work with. I imagine that all of those filmmakers who love shooting stuff with iPhones will snap up these new iPhones immediately, just because of the 4K video support.

As the parent of a teenager, I have come to appreciate that the FaceTime camera on the front of the iPhone is just as important as the one on the back. (Because selfies.) Apple has also gotten the message—the front-facing camera on the iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s plus is now 5 megapixels, up from 1.2 megapixels, and supports Live Photos and HDR mode. More importantly, Apple has built in a selfie-flash mode that uses the iPhone’s display itself as a flash, driving it to up to three times normal brightness and adjusting the color of the flash to one that’s appropriate for the scene.

I’m impressed with all of these upgrades, especially on the front-facing camera. For much, much more on the iPhone 6s camera, I encourage you to read the in-depth iPhone 6s camera review by Christopher Phin.

Tech upgrades

With a new iPhone comes a new Apple-designed processor, of course. This time it’s the A9, which for the first time integrates the motion coprocessor—this version’s called the M9—into the same physical chip. The M9 offloads tasks and runs with very, very little power use—handy for things like counting how many steps you take while your phone’s sleeping in your pocket. By integrating it with the larger whole, the iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus can also listen for a “Hey Siri” prompt at all times, not just when they’re plugged in to power as with older models.

(If you’re afraid of your friends and family waking up your iPhone endlessly by accident, there’s good news on this front, too—iOS 9 now asks you to train Siri by saying a few standard phrases. This doesn’t necessarily lock Siri to your voice, but it reduces the chance that a voice other than yours will set it off accidentally.)

The A9 processor itself is faster than the A8 found in the iPhone 6 and 6 Plus—and by a whole lot more than you might expect. Using Primate Labs’s GeekBench 3 testing app, the iPhone 6s models appear to be roughly 60 percent faster then iPhone 6 models at single-processor tests. On GeekBench’s multi-processor test, the 6s models are between 50 and 60 percent faster. Last year’s models were only slightly faster than the iPhone 5s of the previous year—this year’s update offers a much larger boost in speed.

In addition to processor power, these new iPhones offer boosted RAM—with 2GB of memory, twice as much as in older iPhones. As I wrote in my review of the iPad Air 2 (the first iOS device with 2GB of RAM): “While the effects are subtle, they’re profound. Safari tabs just stay loaded most of the time. Apps that you used recently-ish snap open immediately rather than doing a bunch of housekeeping. Switching directly between apps feels vastly better, because it’s all instantaneous. More RAM lets the entire system breathe.” Everyone who switches between apps or between pages in Safari will benefit from that increase in RAM, even if they don’t have any idea why everything seems more instantaneous than on their old iPhones.

Jason Snell

Apple claims that battery life on the iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus is more or less the same as on previous models, but there’s a catch—the introduction of the Taptic Engine actually required Apple to reduce the size of the iPhones’ batteries, so they hold less capacity than the iPhone 6 models. However, iOS 9 was tweaked to extend battery life on all iOS devices, and presumably Apple is factoring those improvements (as well as possible increases in battery savings from updated internals) into its battery estimates.

I wasn’t able to test battery life in time for this review, but based on Apple’s statements I wouldn’t expect the iPhone 6s models to be any better at battery life than the iPhone 6, and in fact I’d probably expect them to be a little bit worse than a new iPhone 6 running iOS 9. Apple continues to balance the thinness and weight of their devices with battery life, shooting for a target battery life that it feels is sufficient. Yes, you can stick a battery case on your phone if you need more battery life, or carry a little external battery with you, but my gut feeling is that iPhone battery life should be getting better, and it just isn’t. Until Apple decides that the base battery life of an iPhone needs to be more than it is today, if you need extended life you should opt for the iPhone 6s Plus—which provides a couple of hours’ worth of life beyond what the iPhone 6s can manage—or invest in an external battery pack of some kind.

You probably won’t see any benchmark charts about it, but Touch ID on the iPhone 6s is much faster than it was on the iPhone 5s and iPhone 6. When I put my finger on the home button, I can barely see the lock screen—in a fraction of a second, Touch ID has recognized my finger and unlocked my phone. Yes, we’re talking a very small amount of time saved, but over the course of a day those fractions can add up. I also found that the home buttons on the iPhone 6s felt and sounded noticeably more clicky than those on the iPhone 6.

Space considerations

Finally, a word about the stock storage configuration of these phones: 16GB. These are devices that are packed with apps, are shooting 12 megapixel photos, and are capable of shooting 4K video. They are designed (by Apple in California) to devour storage space. I don’t think 16GB is an appropriately large amount of space for a new iPhone in 2015.

What’s worse, I think Apple realizes it, too. But rather than spring for a presumably small increase in the actual cost of the base-model iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus so that they start at 32GB, Apple apparently would prefer that all but the least discriminating iPhone customers shell out an extra $100 for the 64GB model. I’m sure this policy is doing wonders for Apple’s average selling price, but the 16GB model with the price that gets ‘em in the stores is a severely compromised product. This needs to change.

Bottom line

While I’ve got a few quibbles about the iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus—the ungenerous 16GB base configuration, a lack of improvement to battery life, a desire for Live Photos to be a bit higher in quality—these are all quibbles around the edges of a remarkable upgrade. Apple has mastered the smartphone game. Every year it seems like there’s just not much more Apple can do to improve upon the previous year’s iPhone, and every year Apple manages to one-up itself.

The iPhone 6s, with its upgraded cameras and processors, expanded RAM, and the delightful marvel that is Touch 3D, is the best iPhone ever. What’s more remarkable is not that this year’s iPhone is once again the best model ever, it’s the margin by which it improves on last year’s model. It’s a surprisingly wide one.

Mouse ratings

16GB iPhone 6s and 6s Plus:

64GB iPhone 6s and 6s Plus:

128GB iPhone 6s and 6s Plus: