Solar installers in two Indiana communities rushed to finish projects before a state law limiting net metering took effect Jan. 1.

The deadline was fast approaching, and Brian Burkholder and his team at Solar Energy Systems in Northern Indiana rose to the challenge.

A state law passed last year phases out net metering, and only solar installed by Dec. 31, 2017, was grandfathered in to receive retail rates for energy sent back to the grid through 2047. Anyone who missed the deadline by even a day can only net meter until 2032.

So despite frigid and snowy weather, Burkholder and his employees worked hard — some skipping family vacations — to install as many systems as possible before the end of the year.

“They shoveled the snow off our roof and went right to work, with the temperature around 10 degrees, the windchill zero degrees. It was impressive,” said Joshua Weaver, a Goshen, Indiana, high school math and social studies teacher whose installation was done by Solar Energy Systems on Dec. 30.

The spike in installations was made possible largely by Solarize Northern Indiana, a group-buy program that made installations more affordable and helped would-be customers through the process. Solarize coordinator Leah Thill said the program has meant the installation of 97 projects, with 76 of them representing 536 kilowatts installed in 2017.

The program focused on Goshen and South Bend, bringing the Goshen area’s installed capacity up to 486 kilowatts and South Bend to 165 kW, with another 55 kW of solar capacity in other Northern Indiana towns.

Thill said Goshen now has 103 watts of solar PV installed per capita, which would place it ahead of solar meccas like Sacramento, Denver and San Francisco in 2017 per capita rankings. (Indiana’s growing solar capacity is detailed on this interactive map.)

“Adding solar panels has sort of been in our long-term goal, but we never really thought about it in concrete terms until Solarize came about,” said Weaver. “And because of the changes in the law we acted much quicker than we would have otherwise. It was a silver lining – the change in the law is frustrating, but with the climate we’re in, a lot of people who were thinking about solar acted on it.”

An act of faith

Weaver’s family is Mennonite — his wife is a pastor — and for them and others in their community, solar energy is in keeping with their faith and taking care of God’s creation.

Solarize volunteer Jerry Mohajeri, a founder and former board member of the Islamic Society of Michiana, likewise sees solar energy as an expression of faith. The Islamic Society installed 20 kW of solar in 2016 with the help of a $24,000 grant from Hoosier Interfaith Power & Light. He said the society has already earned back more than $4,300 through net metering.

“It took time convincing most of the board members” in 2014 when the idea for solar was hatched, Mohajeri said. “Many of them were against it because they didn’t think we would benefit. Now they’re more aware because they can see the reduction in their energy bills. It’s important that people consider this free energy they can get from the sun.”

Burkholder is Amish and has installed solar for many Amish families, who see solar as a way to be self-sufficient and supplement gas-fired generators.

Amish households are typically not connected to the grid, in which case the net metering deadline does not affect the economics of installing solar. The Solarize Northern Indiana group-buy makes both grid-connected and off-grid systems more affordable. As with most group-buys in other states and cities, group-buy contractors — like Solar Energy Systems — install panels for below market rate.

The average cost of an array under Solarize is $2.53 per watt for a basic 5 kW system, compared to about $2.80 per watt on the open market, according to a report by Solarize. Burkholder said in a statement that working through the program is much more efficient because — thanks to the legwork of Solarize volunteers — customers are already educated about their options when he meets them.

“This was a much easier process with having knowledgeable people to ask questions of and guide us through the process,” noted Beth Grieser, a teacher who along with her husband got a 7.6 kW, 20-panel ground-mounted array through Solarize.

Glenn Gilbert, director of facilities for Goshen College, said more people in the town of about 33,000 are likely to install solar as they see their neighbors’ arrays, despite the net metering phase-out. Gilbert installed 2 kW of solar in 2010, with Home Energy Solutions, when it cost about $9 a watt. “I was considering a money market account or other long-term investment, and this seemed like a better use of my money,” he said. “It’s not a risky investment.”

While the group-buy is now closed, more than 20 projects contracted under it are scheduled for installation in 2018. Meanwhile, a state bill has been introduced by Rep. David Ober (R) that would extend net metering until 2037, rather than 2032, for schools and municipalities that didn’t make the 2017 deadline.

A near miss

Phil Sakimoto did not get his installation up before the deadline because he is doing ground-mounted solar and the earth was frozen too solid for construction in December.

But he’s still eager to get solar panels through the group-buy, and he expects to earn back his investment with net metering in 14 years or less.

An astronomer who previously worked for NASA, Sakimoto is hyper-aware of climate change. He had long thought about getting solar panels, “but only got as far as thinking, ‘Oh gosh, I have to figure out who to call, get a bunch of bids, figure out how it’s going to work.’ Then Solarize popped up and made it all so simple.”

Sakimoto doesn’t think it’s wise to mount panels on the roof of his older house, so he decided on a ground-mounted installation that will also shade a sun porch that gets too hot.

“This is going to be great, I get my solar panels and awning all at once,” said Sakimoto, now a professor in the physics department and director of academic excellence at the University of Notre Dame. He is also working with Solarize to educate people about solar, and convening conversations at his church, where a solar installation could be in the works.

“It’s one thing to educate people about climate change and what we need to do in principle,” he said. “It’s another that people can actually stand up and do something.”

Correction: Glenn Gilbert purchased his solar system from Home Energy Solutions, which is now Photon Electric. An earlier version of this story misstated the company’s name.