Melbourne's climate can be expected to warm across all seasons, with less rainfall in winter and spring but more intense rain events, according to the latest projections by the CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology.

The first update of the agencies' Natural Resource Management report since 2007 builds on improved modelling to project how the climate for the city and the country is likely to differ by 2030 and 2090.

Temperatures are on the rise across Australia for all seasons and all regions. Credit:Kirk Gilmour

Since 2001, extreme heat records have exceeded cold records throughout Australia by three to one for maximum temperatures and five to one for minimums. Heatwaves have increased in duration, frequency and intensity in many parts of the country, the report says.

"We expect more hot days and hotter hot days and fewer cold days," CSIRO climate unit group leader Kevin Hennessy said. "We're starting to see what we can expect in the future with greater frequency and intensity."