The Common Pillbug is a harmless and delightful way to introduce children to the world of insects, and though it goes by many different names, 'insect' isn't one of them.

Updated: 8/5/2020; Authored By Staff Writer; Content ©www.InsectIdentification.org

Common Pillbug Video(s)



Description: Pillbugs running as if their lives depended on it.

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With a plated armor similar to armadillos, it is no mystery how the Genus name for this creature was determined. The Common Pillbug has a different common name in various regions of North America. In the West, they are called Sowbugs (though true Sowbugs are actually in a different genus and do not roll up like Pillbugs). In the Midwest, they are Roly-Polies. In the East, they are known as Wood Lice (not to be confused with the smaller insect known to infest human hair). Oddly enough, Common Pillbugs are not actually insects; they are isopods, making them close relatives to ocean creatures like crabs and other crustaceans.



Pillbugs do not bite and cannot sting. They are slow movers, making it easy to catch and observe them up close. Regardless of what you call them, they are fun to play with. When threatened or disturbed, they roll up into a tight ball, allowing their armor to protect their soft underbelly, head, and many legs. A gentle touch is enough to elicit this response. Pillbugs will remain in that defensive position until the threat is believed to have faded. They are patient. Their time in that defensive, balled-up posture often outlasts even the interest of children.



Pillbugs are considered primitive creatures, but they have an important role in the soil ecosystem. They are an abundant food source for insects and arachnids. Their own diet of rotting organic material like leaves and wood means they help cycle nutrients through the food web. They are easily found wandering under rocks, wood piles, fallen trees and other moist places where decomposition is likely taking place.