It's been 10 years since Kathryn Bigelow became the first woman ever to win an Academy Award for best director, for war drama The Hurt Locker in 2010; the film also won best picture. The movie, which followed members of an Iraq War bomb disposal team targeted by insurgents, changed the way many viewers saw the U.S. occupation in Iraq and helped rewrite the narrative on what constitutes a “female-directed film.” Before Bigelow’s win, only three other women had ever been nominated for the award: Lina Wertmüller for Seven Beauties, Jane Campion for The Piano, and Sofia Coppola for Lost in Translation.

For a moment, it seemed like Bigelow’s win would usher in a sea change for female directors—the New York Times film critic Manohla Dargis called it “historic, exhilarating, especially for women who make movies and women who watch movies, two groups that have been routinely ignored and underserved by an industry in which most films star men and are made for and by men.” But despite the excitement around Bigelow’s success, and advocacy and research by organizations like Time’s Up and the Geena Davis Institute on Gender in Media, women still represented just 12 percent of directors of the top 100 grossing films of 2019.

Only one woman, Greta Gerwig, has been nominated for best director since Bigelow’s win (Gerwig was nominated for Lady Bird in 2018), and none has taken home the Oscar. This year Gerwig was snubbed for her work on Little Women, as were Lulu Wang, Lorene Scafaria, and a host of other women who directed some of the year’s best movies. (Wang’s film, The Farewell, did take home the Independent Spirit Award for best feature on Saturday night, a rarity for a movie that wasn’t Oscar nominated.)

To reflect back on all that has—and hasn’t—changed for women in Hollywood since 2010, Vogue spoke to directors Karyn Kusama, Liz Garbus, and Autumn de Wilde about their recollections of Bigelow’s historic win, and how far the industry still has left to go before women are viewed as equals by the Academy.

Karyn Kusama, director, The Invitation, Girlfight, Æon Flux