Labour may thwart any Brexit deal Theresa May secures from Brussels, with a senior ally of Jeremy Corbyn warning the party would not vote for a "flimsy bit of paper" simply because of a no-deal alternative.

Shadow foreign secretary Emily Thornberry said she could not see the Prime Minister coming back with an agreement which would meet the six tests set by the party for supporting any deal.

In an interview with the FT Weekend magazine, Ms Thornberry called the Chequers plan "nonsense" and claimed it unlikely a deal can be achieved that will "unite the Tory party, for heaven’s sake", regardless of Labour's position.

Her comments add to the pressure on Mrs May who is facing strong opposition to her Chequers blueprint for leaving the EU from hardline Tory Brexiteers such as Jacob Rees-Mogg and Boris Johnson.

It comes as a meeting between Dominic Raab and Michel Barnier was downgraded to a 30-minute phone call, after which the EU negotiator said "substantive differences remain" and an agreement has not yet been reached.

A Labour source said the party’s stance had not changed and that Ms Thornberry was simply being "sceptical" about the prospects of the Government reaching an acceptable agreement.

Without support from at least some opposition MPs, the Government may struggle to get any agreement through Parliament.

Downing Street is hoping that the prospect of a no-deal Brexit will force critics to fall in line behind the Chequers plan.

However Ms Thornberry warned ministers appeared to be heading towards a defeat, paving the way for a general election.

“I can’t see them coming back with a deal that is going to meet our six tests and I can’t see them coming back with a deal that will unite the Tory party, for heaven’s sake,” she said.

“They are not capable of governing… We’re either going to have a general election in the autumn or we’re going to have it in the spring.”

Theresa May is under pressure from Tory Brexiteers over her Chequers plan Credit: Kirsty O’Connor/PA

Her comments will come as a setback to Labour pro-EU campaigners who want the party to back a second referendum instead.

However Ms Thornberry said the Chequers plan, which would see Britain maintain a “common rulebook” with the EU for trade in goods and agriculture, was too vague to work.

“I don’t think this kind of half-in, half-out of the customs union will work. I think it’s just full of red tape and it’s going to cost us too much money. It’s just nonsense,” she said.

While a Labour government would still abide by the 2016 referendum result to leave the EU, she said it would seek to extend negotiations beyond the current March 2019 deadline for leaving.

“Even if they come back in October, November, and they say ‘This flimsy bit of paper is what you’re going to have to agree to, otherwise there’ll be no deal’. We’re not going to agree to either of those,” she said.