SAN FRANCISCO — Broadcom on Monday proposed a slate of 11 directors to replace the entire board of Qualcomm, setting the stage for a proxy battle over the fate of its unsolicited $105 billion bid for the world’s largest maker of smartphone chips.

The proposal was widely seen as a tactic to pressure Qualcomm to negotiate what would be the largest technology deal in history. Last month, Qualcomm said its directors had unanimously rejected the bid that Broadcom had announced in early November, leaving Broadcom with the option to take the issue to shareholders by proposing a board slate who would back it.

Qualcomm on Monday criticized Broadcom’s latest move, calling it a “blatant attempt” to seize control of the board to advance an acquisition offer Qualcomm said drastically undervalued the company.

Broadcom’s gambit adds a new dimension to a struggle with immensely high stakes. If completed, a combination of Broadcom and Qualcomm would top the $67 billion that Dell paid for the data storage specialist EMC in 2016, the previous record-setting deal in the sector.