Tens of thousands of people have been displaced after a strong earthquake shook Indonesia’s Aceh province, leaving government and aid agencies scrambling to meet their basic survival needs.

At least 45,000 people have been made homeless by Wednesday’s 6.5-magnitude earthquake, with authorities saying the number was increasing.

Relief teams have spread across three districts near the shallow epicentre of the quake, which killed at least 100 people and injured more than 700.

At least 11,000 buildings were damaged or destroyed completely – including mosques, schools, businesses and many homes – while roads were cracked and power lines disrupted.

“We have 45,300 people evacuating in several places as of Saturday morning,” national disaster agency spokesman Sutopo Purwo Nugroho told AFP, adding that the number of displaced had almost doubled as the scale of the devastation revealed itself.

People were spending nights outdoors in tents, fearing larger temporary shelters would succumb to aftershocks, he said.

Aid organisations warn an education crisis looms (REUTERS)

The military has established kitchens, shelters and a field hospital in Meureudu, a badly hit town in which a market was razed to the ground by the quake. Sniffer dogs were still searching the rubble for possible survivors.

The search also continued in several other areas in the Pidie Jaya region.

President Joko Widodo travelled to the worst-hit areas of the province on Friday, pledging to rebuild the area's devastated settlements and calling for Indonesians to pray for those affected.

Meanwhile, Indonesian children's organisation Yayasan Sayangi Tunas Cilik (YSTC) warned that an education crisis was emerging in the wake of the quake, which destroyed or damaged up to a third of classrooms in the worst-affected areas.

“We’re seeing a lot of classrooms with large cracking in the walls, and until they can be repaired and their structural integrity restored, they are not fit for use,” the charity said in a statement.

“This means thousands of children are indefinitely out school, which will have a huge impact on their recovery and well-being.

Humanitarian agencies rush to set up temporary accomodation (AP)

“When school buildings are safe, we know they are the best place for students to be following a disaster like this. It creates a sense of normality and safety and supports childrens' emotional recovery.”

Australia's government has pledged A$1m (£592,000) of humanitarian aid to Indonesia with foreign minister Julie Bishop saying her country would respond to additional requests for assistance.

The biggest earthquakes in the world since 1900 Show all 10 1 /10 The biggest earthquakes in the world since 1900 The biggest earthquakes in the world since 1900 Chile 1960 (Magnitude: 9.5) 2010 AFP The biggest earthquakes in the world since 1900 Great Alaska Earthquake 1964 (Magnitude: 9.2) The biggest earthquakes in the world since 1900 Off the West Coast of Northern Sumatra 2004 (Magnitude: 9.1) 050102-N-9593M-040 Indian Ocean (Jan. 2, 2005) – A village near the coast of Sumatra lays in ruin after the Tsunami that struck South East Asia. Helicopters assigned to Carrier Air Wing Two (CVW-2) and Sailors from USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN 72) are conducting humanitarian operations in the wake of the Tsunami that struck South East Asia. The Abraham Lincoln Carrier Strike Group is currently operating in the Indian Ocean off the waters of Indonesia and Thailand. U.S. Navy photo by Photographer's Mate 2nd Class Philip A. McDaniel (RELEASED) The biggest earthquakes in the world since 1900 Near the East Coast of Honshu, Japan 2011 (Magnitude: 9.0) 2011 IFRC The biggest earthquakes in the world since 1900 Kamchatka 1952 (Magnitude: 9.0) The biggest earthquakes in the world since 1900 Offshore Maule, Chile 2010 (Magnitude: 8.8) < > on March 10, 2010 in Concepcion, Chile. 2010 Getty Images The biggest earthquakes in the world since 1900 Off the Coast of Ecuador 1906 (Magnitude: 8.8) The biggest earthquakes in the world since 1900 Rat Islands, Alaska 1965 (Magnitude: 8.7) The biggest earthquakes in the world since 1900 Northern Sumatra, Indonesia 2005 (Magnitude: 8.6) SUMATRA, INDONESIA - JANUARY 10: In this U.S. Navy handout photo, a Landing Craft Air Cushion (LCAC) vehicle delivers much needed materials and supplies to the citizens in the city of Meulaboh on January 10, 2005, on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia. Military personnel and vehicles assigned to USS Bonhomme Richard of Expeditionary Strike Group Five (ESG-5) are supporting Operation Unified Assistance, the humanitarian operation effort in the wake of the tsunami, caused by a 9.0 magnitude, submarine earthquake near Northern Indonesia, which crashed into coastal areas across Southeast Asia killing more than 150,00 people. (Photo by Bart A. Bauer/U.S. Navy/Getty Images) 2005 Getty Images The biggest earthquakes in the world since 1900 Assam - Tibet 1950 (Magnitude: 8.6)

Indonesia experiences frequent seismic and volcanic activity because of its position on the Pacific “Ring of Fire”, where tectonic plates meet.

A huge undersea earthquake in 2004 triggered a tsunami that wreaked havoc in several countries around the Indian Ocean, killing more than 170,000 people in Indonesia alone, the vast majority in Aceh.