Image copyright Reuters Image caption Nawaz Sharif failed to fulfil many of his election campaign promises

Ousted in a 1999 military coup, Nawaz Sharif became Pakistan's prime minister for a record third term after staging a triumphant comeback in parliamentary elections in 2013.

It was also a historic moment for Pakistan as it was the first transition from one democratically elected government to another since independence in 1947.

But his last period in office was marred by upheavals - starting with a six-month opposition blockade of the capital Islamabad, and ending with court proceedings over corruption allegations which eventually led to the Supreme Court disqualifying him in July 2017. His resignation followed shortly afterwards.

In July 2018 he was found guilty of corruption by a court in Pakistan and sentenced to 10 years in prison. Two months later, Islamabad's high court suspended the sentences and ordered his release, pending the conclusion of the appeals process.

Nawaz Sharif, 67, has been one of the country's leading politicians for most of the past 30 years.

Before winning his third term, Sharif served as prime minister from 1990 to 1993 and from 1997 until the 1999 bloodless coup.

Image copyright AFP Image caption Sharif enjoyed widespread support in the 2013 election

President of the Pakistan Muslim League-N (PML-N) and owner of Ittefaq Group, a leading steel mill conglomerate, he is among the country's wealthiest industrialists.

A protégé of military leader Gen Zia ul-Haq - who ruled Pakistan from 1977 to 1988 - Sharif is perhaps best known outside Pakistan for ordering the country's first nuclear tests in 1998.

Early years

Nawaz Sharif was born into the family of a prominent Lahore industrialist in 1949 and made his mark in politics representing an urban constituency.

He first came to national prominence during the early days of Gen Zia's martial law, serving as Punjab province's finance and then chief minister from 1985-1990.

Image copyright Reuters Image caption Opposition supporters celebrated after Sharif was disqualified by the Supreme Court

Observers recall a not particularly impressive political figure, who nonetheless proved himself an adept administrator. He became prime minister in 1990, but was dismissed in 1993, clearing the way for the then opposition leader, Benazir Bhutto, to form a government.

After becoming prime minister again in 1997 with a comfortable majority, Sharif appeared to dominate the political landscape and exerted a powerful hold over all the country's major institutions - apart from the army.

Frustrated by opposition in parliament, he tried to pass a constitutional amendment that would have enabled him to enforce Sharia law. He also confronted other power centres - a mob of his supporters ransacked the Supreme Court and he tried to rein in Pakistan's powerful military.

Military coup

Sharif's overthrow by then army chief Pervez Musharraf showed how dangerous it was for any politician to attempt to curtail the military's influence in Pakistan with its history of coups.

Sharif was arrested, jailed and eventually sentenced to life imprisonment on charges of hijacking and terrorism. He was also convicted of corruption and banned for life from political activities.

Image copyright AFP Image caption Then army chief Pervez Musharraf ousted Nawaz Sharif in 1999

But an alleged deal, brokered by the Saudis, saved him and other family members from being put behind bars. Sharif and 40 members of his family were exiled to Saudi Arabia for what was supposed to be a period of 10 years.

Owen Bennett-Jones, BBC Islamabad correspondent at the time, recalls that when Sharif was removed from power, many Pakistanis expressed great relief, describing him as corrupt, incompetent and power-hungry.

Corruption allegations

Sharif's time in the political wilderness lasted until his triumphal return to Pakistan in 2007 following a deal with the military.

Back in Pakistan, he patiently bided his time in opposition. His party won about a quarter of parliamentary seats in the 2008 elections.

Though tipped to win the 2013 elections he surprised many with the scale of his victory. He also saw off a spirited challenge from the party of former cricketer Imran Khan, who's now prime minister, in politically crucial Punjab province.

Image copyright AFP Image caption Sharif's heartland is in the province of Punjab

After assuming power in 2013, Sharif faced a six-month blockade of Islamabad by Mr Khan's PTI party which accused him of rigging elections.

There were public accusations the blockade had been launched at the instigation of some officials in the military's notorious Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) agency.

Analysts believe the military establishment wanted to put Sharif under pressure so as to prevent him from expanding trading ties with India, a process begun under the previous government.

Image copyright AFP Image caption The China-Pakistan economic corridor is years away from materialising

Ahead of his third term, Sharif had promised to turn Pakistan into an "Asian tiger", with new infrastructure and a government with "zero tolerance for corruption".

But problems have multiplied and the only economic highlight - the Chinese-funded $56bn China-Pakistan economic corridor - is years away from materialising.

In 2016, the Panama Papers leaks unleashed a new threat for the prime minister which resulted in claims of corruption being investigated by the Supreme Court.

The allegations related to his family's ownership of apartments in an upmarket area of central London, with questions being raised over the money trail that led to the acquisition of those properties.

Sharif denied all wrongdoing and called the charges politically motivated.

However, on 6 July 2018 a court in Pakistan found him guilty of corruption and sentenced him - in absentia - to 10 years in prison. When the sentence was announced he was in London where his wife was receiving medical treatment.

Sharif's daughter and son-in-law were also convicted.