There are 4.9 million workers who depend on the deteriorating U.S.-Mexican relationship.

That’s the conclusion of a study done late autumn by the Wilson Center’s Mexico Institute, a nonpartisan policy think tank, which published an in-depth study on economic ties between the two countries last November.

Tensions between the countries have rising since U.S. President Donald Trump, as he has doubled down on promises that Mexico will pay for a border wall that he has pledged to build on the border of the two countries. Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto has been equally defiant about not paying for such a wall, and on Thursday canceled a trip to the White House that was to take place next week.

Read: Here’s the reality of that ‘one-sided’ U.S.—Mexico trade

Well before the relationship seems to have reached a crisis point, Christopher Wilson, deputy director of the Mexico Institute, boiled down some fairly substantial numbers in his study. He noted that the two countries trade over a half-trillion dollars in goods and services each year — “more than a million dollars in bilateral commerce every minute.”

Breaking that down further, some 4.9 million jobs are at risk from frozen trade, which means one out of every 29 U.S. workers has a job supported by trade between the countries, he said. When looking state by state, the data referred to 2014 numbers that showed California most vulnerable with 556,000 jobs dependent on trade, while Texas was equally at risk with 382,000 jobs relying on that relationship.

The study calculated the net number of jobs that are depending on U.S.-Mexico trade both directly and indirectly, such as jobs supported by the production of goods for export that would be lost, and then jobs that would return to the U.S. to produce goods that are currently imported.

And here’s a separate chart put together by Nafta Works from Mexico’s Ministry of the Economy that published last September. It breaks down state by state how many jobs are at risk. This PDF link gives a closer look at each state.

Nafta Works, Mexico’s Ministry of the Economy

Some of the jobs linked with the bilateral trade are in manufacturing and primary goods production, said Wilson, but most are in service sectors, such as finance, health care and retail. “This is because the job gains directly associated with exports are more or less canceled out by those lost through import competition, leaving the major net job gains from bilateral trade coming from the benefits associated with imports and the related economywide efficiency gains,” he said.

Wilson said “misperception and scapegoating,” are to blame for a negative political environment around trade, and blamed U.S. policy makers for failing to “adequately address the challenges facing middle-class Americans.” If trade is going to help the overall economy, policy makers have to make amends for losses for low-skilled workers, via education and worker training programs. Read the full study here.