A second family of suicide bombers has struck the Indonesian city of Surabaya, a day after a couple and their four children attacked three churches, killing 14 people.

Harrowing footage caught on a CCTV camera shows the moment the bomb was detonated as two scooters carrying a family of five approached a checkpoint at the entrance to the city’s police headquarters at 8.50am on Monday morning, flattening officers, and damaging a car.

The police said an eight-year-old girl from the family survived, while her mother, father and two brothers died. Ten others were reportedly injured.

The blast appeared to be a copycat of a series of devastating bombings at three churches on Sunday morning, in which a mother and father used their young children as cover to murder worshippers.

According to the police and eyewitnesses, the mother, Puji Kuswati, 42, tried to force her way into the Indonesia Christian Church with her two daughters, aged 12 and 9, and triggered an explosive when she was stopped by security.

Police at the site of one of three suicide bombings at churches in Surabaya on Sunday credit: Andy Pinaria /AFP

The father, Dita Oepriarto, 45, drove a car bomb at another church target, while his two teenage sons, 18 and 16, rode an explosives-laden motorbike into a crowd outside a third place of worship. All six family members died.

In a separate incident on Sunday evening, in the suburb of Sidoarjo, a man acqainted with Dita detonated an explosive as police closed in on his apartment, killing his wife and one of his children, and injuring another three.

The serial bombings have revived fears about radicalisation in the world’s most populous Muslim nation and of possible attempts by Isil to spread its influence in Southeast Asia after the crushing of its fledgling caliphate in the Middle East.

Hundreds of Indonesians have flocked to Syria and Iraq in recent years to join Islamic State forces, raising fears that they could regroup when they return home.

The police corrected their initial claims that the family had returned from Isil-controlled Syria but said that the father was a local leader of the extremist network Jamaah Ansharut Daulah (JAD) which supports the Islamic State terrorist group.

Isil immediately claimed responsibility although there is no evidence that they coordinated the attack from outside the country. "Three martyrdom attacks killed 11 and wounded at least 41 among church guards and Christians," it said via the Telegram messaging app on Sunday afternoon, before the death toll rose.

A candlelit vigil was held in the Indonesia city of Medan on Sunday night for the victims of serial church bombings credit: Ivan Damanick/AFP

Tito Karnavian, the national police chief, said that the church attacks may have been motivated by the arrest of JAD leadership, including jailed radical Aman Abdurrahman, and were linked to a deadly prison riot staged by Islamist prisoners at a high security jail near the capital, Jakarta, last week.

Abdurrahman has been connected to several deadly incidents, including a 2016 gun and suicide attack in Jakarta that left four attackers and four civilians dead.

Indonesia's police have arrested hundreds of militants and foiled several terrorist plots in recent years but the coordinated nature of Sunday's church bombings and subsequent blasts point to a more sophisticated planning than in the past, analysts said.

Sunday’s death toll was the highest since nine people were killed in 2009 attacks on two luxury hotels in Jakarta, and come amid fears about the rise of sectarian intolerance in the country of 260 million, where 90% of the population is Muslim but there are sizeable Christian, Hindu and Buddhist minorities.

Churches have been targeted in the past. In 2000, bombs disguised as gifts delivered to places of worship killed 19 people on Christmas Eve.

Tourists have also been attacked in the archipelago nation. In 2002, bombings hit tourist spots in Bali, killing 202, mainly foreigners, in the country’s worst-ever terror attack.