“There is no place anymore where you can say that it’s safe.”

Manuel Medina, 28, a doctor.

Manuel Medina has what would normally be a coveted job: chief of emergency surgery at the Caracas University Hospital. But many experienced professionals have fled to work abroad, and there are more opportunities for recent graduates like Dr. Medina.

The threat of violent crime is driving him to consider leaving Venezuela, but for now, he is careful to avoid busy roads and hides his cellphone when he is in his car.

“It’s like you live in constant fear of going outside,” he said. “I’m always checking in the rear view mirror looking for motorcycle drivers, because that is one of the main ways they get you.”