Syria refugees to reach 700,000 by year's end - UNHCR Published duration 27 September 2012

image caption This boy is one of thousands living in refugee camps near Jordan's border with Syria

The UN's refugee agency has warned that as many as 700,000 people could have fled Syria by the end of the year, a huge increase on its previous estimate.

Some 294,000 refugees have already left Syria, and the UNHCR is appealing for $490m (£300m) to deal with the crisis.

Most of the refugees are housed in camps in Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan.

Meanwhile, rebels in Aleppo say they have launched a "decisive" offensive on the city, where they have been battling government forces for weeks.

Hundreds of rebel fighters from different brigades were reportedly taking part in the offensive.

A UK-based activist group said that Wednesday was the bloodiest day of the 18-month-old conflict so far, with more than 305 people being killed across Syria.

Rami Abdel Rahman, from the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, said the figure included only those whose names had been documented.

"If we count the unidentified bodies, the figure will be much higher," he said.

The observatory (SOHR) said 199 of Wednesday's dead were civilians.

The SOHR is one of the most prominent organisations documenting and reporting incidents and casualties in the Syrian conflict. The group says its reports are impartial, though its information cannot be independently verified.

Other groups estimated Wednesday's death toll to be considerably higher.

UN 'paralysed'

The UNHCR said between 2,000 and 3,000 refugees were fleeing the violence into neighbouring countries every day.

"Many refugees are arriving with only the clothes on their backs," said Panos Moumtzis, the agency's regional co-ordinator for Syrian refugees.

"Some have been displaced many times before leaving Syria. They need humanitarian assistance from day one."

The agency said in March it estimated that about 100,000 people would have fled by the end of the year.

But that number was surpassed in July.

The agency said it was urgently trying to prepare for winter, warning that many of the refugees were still living in tents.

Earlier this week, the UK announced £8m ($13m) in funding to help Syrians who had fled the fighting.

For much of the past 18 months rebel groups have been fighting against the regime of President Bashar al-Assad.

Activists estimate more than 27,000 people have died in the violence.

Repeated efforts by the international community to find a diplomatic solution have foundered because of a deep divide at the UN Security Council.