The Senate Armed Services Committee advanced a major defense spending bill in a closed session this week, agreeing to the Trump administration’s $750 billion request and raising U.S. defense spending to levels not seen since the height of the Iraq War.

If it passes the House and Senate, the bill would authorize the second major defense spending increase in two years. Last year, despite initial objections to President Donald Trump’s proposed budget hikes, the House and Senate went far beyond what the administration had asked for, approving an almost $80 billion increase over its spending in fiscal year 2018 and bringing the total defense spending to $716 billion.

The Senate version of this year’s National Defense Authorization Act would raise military and other defense spending to levels not seen since 2009, when more than 180,000 troops were deployed in Iraq and Afghanistan, according to data from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. The Pentagon forecasts that in years to come, its budget requests will keep rising to levels not seen since the World War II.

In some areas, the Senate bill even exceeds what the Trump administration requested. According to a summary document provided by committee staff, the bill authorizes $10 billion for 94 F-35 Fighters — 16 more than the Pentagon asked for.

In a statement prepared for a press conference on Thursday, the Republican chair of the Senate Armed Services Committee, James Inhofe, stressed that he believes $750 billion is the “minimum” budget needed as the U.S. moves toward major power competition. Inhofe did not attend the press conference in person because his wife had broken her leg. The statement was read by Democratic Sen. Jack Reed, the ranking member of the committee.

The markup was a major hurdle in a budget process that has proven controversial since it began. In March, the Trump administration tried to sidestep mandatory caps on defense spending by requesting nearly $100 billion extra through a special account meant to fund ongoing wars in Afghanistan, Syria, and Iraq. The bill, which the committee passed on Wednesday, keeps the administration’s ask intact, but moves the money through its normal account, anticipating a Senate budget deal that would lift the caps.

Such massive hikes in military spending are meant to underwrite a major shift in foreign policy under the Trump administration from a primary focus on counterterrorism in the Middle East and Africa, to a Cold War-like posture of major power competition with Russia and China. To support that change, the U.S. is investing heavily in major weapons systems, like the F-35, and modernizing its nuclear weapons systems, while pouring money into a space force, cybersecurity, and artificial intelligence.