ZURICH/FRANKFURT (Reuters) - Credit Suisse CSGN.S and Deutsche Bank DBKGn.DE have been hit with a combined penalty of more than $12 billion over the sale of U.S. toxic debt, further hampering two of Europe's leading investment banks as they struggle with weak earnings.

The penalties stem from an initiative launched by U.S. President Barack Obama to pursue banks for selling sub-prime debt without warning of the risks, a practice that led to the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression.

Credit Suisse agreed to pay more than $5.2 billion in a deal with U.S. authorities and the penalty is likely to push it to a second consecutive annual loss.

The payment, to settle claims it misled investors when selling mortgage-backed securities in the run-up to the 2008 financial crisis, is split into two parts.

It will first pay $2.48 billion and later provide $2.8 billion over five years to offset the impact on consumers, the bank said.

That news came after Deutsche Bank DBKGn.DE agreed to a total $7.2 billion settlement for its pooling and sale of toxic mortgage securities, the settlement also divided in a similar manner. The German bank had previously said that the U.S. Department of Justice was seeking twice that figure.

“I think the fines are reasonable and represent a positive for the system,” said Alberto Gallo, head of global macro strategies at hedge fund Algebris Investments.

The penalties put the two European banks at a further disadvantage to larger U.S. rivals, many of whom have already absorbed their own fines for such wrongdoing and have strong capital cushions.

U.S. banks earlier paid $46 billion in such penalties.

DEUTSCHE SHARES RISE

Investors, who had feared an even bigger penalty for Deutsche, were relieved and its shares gained more than 2 percent. They have risen more than 80 percent since hitting a record low at the end of September on fears the bank would need to raise cash from investors.

“It’s no great coup but the settlement reduces the uncertainty,” said Ingo Speich, of Union Investment, a Deutsche bank shareholder, adding that he did not expect the bank to sell more shares to bolster its capital.

Credit Suisse, who people familiar with the matter earlier told Reuters had fought to soften its settlement, saw its shares slip by more than 1 percent.

The logo of Swiss bank Credit Suisse is seen on an office building in Zurich, Switzerland, December 23, 2016. REUTERS/Arnd Wiegmann

The final deal is in line with the $5 billion to $7 billion the Justice Department had asked Credit Suisse to pay earlier in negotiations, as reported by Reuters on Monday.

Credit Suisse still faces state lawsuits filed by New York and New Jersey over toxic mortgage securities. The states are still pursuing their cases, Amy Spitalnick, a spokeswoman for New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman, and Lisa Coryell, a spokeswoman for New Jersey’s attorney general, told Reuters on Friday in separate emails.

Banks typically have settled state cases over mortgage securities at the same time as federal claims, and it appears it would be especially true for the New York case.

Schneiderman is co-chair of the joint federal-state working group that Obama created in 2012 to hold banks accountable for the misconduct at the heart of the financial crisis. When the New York lawsuit was filed, it was billed as an enforcement action that came out of the task force.

Credit Suisse declined to comment on the state lawsuits.

For the Justice Department matter, the bank said it would take a pre-tax charge of approximately $2 billion in addition to its existing reserves against these matters in the final three months of 2016.

Analysts at regional bank ZKB said that the charge would depress the bank’s leverage ratio from 3.4 percent to 3.1 percent.

The U.S. authorities meanwhile sued Barclays BARC.L on Thursday over similar claims.

Barclays said on Friday that it rejected the complaint, would “vigorously defend” the case and sought its dismissal “at the earliest opportunity”.