From the aSchool of Public Health and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

bSchool of Public Health and Social Work, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia

cSchool of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

dSchool of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.

Submitted March 28, 2017; accepted February 13, 2019.

The results reported herein were funded by Queensland University of Technology Postgraduate Scholarship, and this work was also funded by grant 81502773 from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and grant 553043 from the National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia (NHMRC) Research Fellowship.

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Explanation of data and codes: The data, computing code, or both are notavailable for replication because without the approval of Queensland Health, no one else could access to the data or do data analysis related to this project due to the legal requirement of the Public Health Act of Queensland Health, Australia.

The protocol for the research has been approved by the Queensland University of Technology’s Human Research Ethics Committee; the data collection process was also approved by the Public Health Act of Queensland Health, Australia.

Correspondence: Jiajia Wang, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Postal address: School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China. E-mail: jiajiawang1023@163.com.