Sir Bradley Wiggins has claimed his life was made “a living hell” because of a “malicious witch-hunt” into the contents of a bag delivered to him at the 2011 Critérium du Dauphiné. Wiggins, the 2012 Tour de France winner and five-times Olympic champion, made his comments after UK Anti-Doping closed its 14-month investigation into the package after being unable to find sufficient evidence it contained a banned substance.

But Damian Collins MP, the chairman of the digital, culture, media and sport select committee, warned Wiggins the decision was “not an exoneration of anyone”.

Referring to a Ukad statement saying its investigation had been hampered by a lack of detailed medical records, he said: “If Sky and British Cycling had kept proper medical records, this could have been wrapped up a lot sooner. It is unacceptable. A cloud now hangs over one of our greatest Olympians.”

Collins also said he would be publishing a select committee report into doping in sport “before Christmas”.

Wiggins denied he had committed any wrongdoing – and turned his fire on Ukad for not declaring him completely innocent after closing its case.

“Being accused of any doping indiscretion is the worst possible thing for any professional sportsperson, especially when it is without any solid factual basis and you know the allegation to be categorically untrue,” Wiggins said.

“I have kept my silence throughout this period to allow Ukad to conduct its investigation in the most professional way possible so as not to undermine it. This period of time has been a living hell for me and my family, full of innuendo and speculation. At times it felt nothing less than a malicious witch-hunt.”

Ukad began its case last year following a tip-off that the bag delivered to Wiggins contained the banned corticosteroid triamcinolone, which allows riders to lose weight while maintaining power. However, when giving evidence to parliament last December, Sir Dave Brailsford, who ran British Cycling and Team Sky in 2011, insisted it was the legal decongestant Fluimucil.

Ukad’s efforts to get to the truth were hindered by Dr Richard Freeman, the British Cycling doctor who administered the drug, being unable to give evidence to the inquiry, citing ill health.

Freeman had failed to upload medical records to his computer as required and later reported his laptop had been stolen while on holiday in Greece. The Guardian revealed this month he had resigned from British Cycling.

When giving evidence to parliament in March the head of Ukad, Nicole Sapstead, had said there were no records of British Cycling purchasing Fluimucil, which can be bought at chemists in France without a prescription, in the UK.

In contrast, she told the MPs, the organisation had purchased significant amounts of triamcinolone, a corticosteroid only allowed under anti-doping rules by specific medical exemption, which Wiggins is known to have used in other cases.

Wiggins has always maintained he did not know what was in the package, which was delivered to Freeman by the British Cycling women’s manager, Simon Cope.

When giving evidence to parliament in March, Cope explained that Shane Sutton – then the technical director for British Cycling – had asked him to take a package from British Cycling’s office in Manchester on a flight to Geneva, after which he was to drive to the finish of the Dauphiné in France. He denied knowing what was in the package.

In the statement, Sapstead said Ukad’s investigation had been “thorough and extensive”. She added: “Our investigation was hampered by a lack of accurate medical records being available at British Cycling.

“This is a serious concern. In this case the matter was further complicated by the crossover between personnel at British Cycling and Team Sky. We have referred some information to the GMC, and will cooperate with the GMC as necessary in respect of that information.”

In its own statement Team Sky said it was pleased at Ukad’s announcement. “We have always maintained there was no wrongdoing and we have cooperated fully with UK Anti-Doping over the last year,” it said. “We have continually strengthened our systems and processes so they best support our strong commitment to anti-doping.”

British Cycling was more contrite – with its chief executive, Julie Harrington, admitting the organisation had failed to meet the highest standards because of the lack of medical record keeping.

“Ukad’s findings represent an organisation and culture that, despite delivering on the world stage, did not meet the high standards British Cycling today holds itself to,” she said. “We note Ukad have referred information arising from their investigation to the General Medical Council and we offer them our wholehearted cooperation.

“We accept the relationship between British Cycling and Team Sky developed rapidly and as a result, at times, resulted in the blurring of the boundaries between the two. This led to some failings in the way that processes and people were managed.”

Other parts of the investigation remain open. As yet Ukad has been unable to establish why products containing testosterone were delivered to the national cycling centre.