The CIES Football Observatory has conceived a unique approach to rate players on a match-by-match basis by taking into account the pitch production and efficiency at both individual and collective level (methodology). Using data from OptaPro, the values presented refer to the averages for matches played at big-5 league level over four different time periods: last week, last month, last three months and last six months. To be included in the rankings, a players must have been rated for a sufficient number of games. For more information, please contact us at football.observatory@cies.ch.