Has the country that invented nonalignment finally outgrown it? According to Indian media reports, Prime Minister Narendra Modi will likely become the first Indian leader—not counting a prime minister who served for barely six months in the 1970s—to skip a Non-Aligned Movement summit when the group of 120-odd developing nations meets later this month in Venezuela.

The symbolism of Mr. Modi’s decision is hard to miss. It is arguably the clearest signal yet of his determination to forge a foreign policy for India that replaces...