Now that the U.S. Court of Federal Claims has concluded that the Federal Reserve violated federal law and the Constitution when it nationalized insurer AIG in September 2008, the big question is this: What is Congress going to do about it?

Judge Thomas Wheeler, who presided in the nonjury trial, shrank from awarding financial damages to AIG’s big shareholder, Starr International Co., which had sought more than $40 billion in the lawsuit. He reasoned that AIG had no option at the time except for bankruptcy, and so its shareholders...