LOS ANGELES — California unveiled precedent-setting draft rules Wednesday that would slow the public’s access to self-driving cars of the future until regulators are confident the technology is safe.

That cautious approach requires that the cars have a steering wheel and a licensed driver must be ready to take over if the machine fails.

The draft sets out the framework for how the state’s Department of Motor Vehicles wants to move from the current small-scale testing of prototypes on roads and highways to giving consumers access to the fast-evolving technology.

The DMV can change the rules in the coming months before they are finalized, and the industry is likely to contest them as overly burdensome.

At least a dozen companies are developing the technology.

Google has pushed hardest, already building a prototype without a wheel or pedals but rigging the hardware back into the cars pending the long-anticipated regulations.