VIENNA — On the outskirts of this graceful city, the Iran Task Force of the International Atomic Energy Agency is preparing to move quickly if American and Iranian negotiators here manage to cut a deal on Iran’s nuclear program in the coming days.

The 50 or so members of the agency’s most elite inspection unit are readying an array of new surveillance gear that is far more sophisticated than anything used before in Iran. It includes laser sensors, smart cameras and encrypted networks that would let the inspectors closely monitor Iran’s nuclear infrastructure, in real time, from their command post overlooking the Danube.

In many corners of the world, the agency’s nuclear sleuths went digital years ago. But in the 12 years since the West began focusing on — and at times sabotaging — Tehran’s atomic program, the inspectors have struggled to monitor the complex with older technologies. The rules of nuclear inspection let nations influence the means of surveillance used on their soil, and Iran has often limited inspectors to relatively backward gear that often forced them to gather imagery and other data manually, then ship it back to Vienna for analysis, a process that can take days or weeks.

“There’s real-time monitoring, and then there is Iran-time monitoring,” one of the atomic energy agency officials deeply involved in the inspections said, speaking on the condition of anonymity because the agency has clamped down, in these final days of talks, on even the most basic descriptions of inspection regimes.