Reality TV is fuelling young people’s anxiety about their bodies, which can lead to suicidal thoughts, according to a survey released ahead of the new series of Love Island.

As one of ITV’s most high-profile programmes, there have been calls for the show to feature more plus-size participants to properly reflect society, as scrutiny grows of the effect reality TV has on contestants and viewers.

The Mental Health Foundation is concerned about the impact some television programmes, including Love Island, have on viewers, particularly those targeted at younger audiences who are most likely to feel anxious about their bodies.

Almost one in four people (24%) aged 18-24 say reality TV makes them worry about their body image, according to the YouGov survey of 4,505 UK adults released by the foundation.

More than one in seven (15%) said they had self-harmed or deliberately hurt themselves because of concerns about their body image, and 23% had experienced suicidal thoughts because of concerns in relation to their body image.

As well as the effect on viewers, there has been heightened concern for the mental health of people appearing on reality TV. Two people are believed to have killed themselves after going on Love Island, and The Jeremy Kyle Show was cancelled by ITV last month after the death of a contestant. Afterwards, it emerged more people who had appeared on The Jeremy Kyle Show had subsequently killed themselves.

Although the deaths were not directly linked to appearances on the show, Love Island has instituted new measures to ensure participants are looked after by the production team for more than a year after they take part in the programme.

Dr Antonis Kousoulis from the Mental Health Foundation said: “Love Island has issued mental health aftercare guidelines for contestants, but they must also take into consideration the potential damage being done to viewers.

“Our research clearly shows that a large number of young people say reality TV has a negative impact on how they feel about their own bodies. Concern about body image is linked to anxiety, depression and feelings of shame and disgust.”

He added that the programme projected body images that are “not diverse, [are] largely unrealistic and [are] presented as aspirational”.

ITV’s Richard Cowles told the Guardian last year that the contestants were chosen by the producers to represent an “aspirational version” of the show’s audience.

“Clearly the contestants are extremely attractive – they have to be for the format to work – but we’re not saying the whole world looks like that,” he said. “It is an aspirational show. We’re not trying to pretend this is reality. This is a sort of hyperreal world. Normal life doesn’t always look like this, nor should it.”

However, Kousoulis said a continuing lack of diversity on the show was “feeding unhealthy advertising and media coverage”, and called on Love Island to be mindful of the likely impact on its predominantly young audience.

Adverts for cosmetic surgery during broadcasts of Love Island were banned last year following complaints that they painted a false image of perfection and exacerbated young people’s insecurities. It is understood dieting products will also not be advertised during the show this year.

Recent research has found people can feel increased distress and shame about their bodies when they see images of “ideal” bodies.

The Mental Health Foundation called on ITV to work with the Advertising Standards Authority to vet all adverts during the show, clearly publish details of the psychological support offered to contestants and ensure the show does not include any remarks that are shaming or discriminatory, or could trigger mental health conditions.

An ITV spokesperson said: “ITV celebrates diversity of every sort across our range of programmes and this year’s Love Islanders come from a diverse range of backgrounds with a mix of personalities.

“We have already published a detailed statement on our duty of care processes for Love Islanders before, during and over a year after their appearance on Love Island.”

• In the UK and Ireland, contact Samaritans on 116 123 or email jo@samaritans.org. In the US the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline is 1-800-273-8255. In Australia the crisis support service Lifeline is 13 11 14. Other international suicide helplines can be found at www.befrienders.org