Belarus: a Russian protectorate or a sovereign state? Monitoring 2017

For the last two years after our previous monitoring, we have witnessed a continued effort on the part of the Russian Federation to undermine the post-WW2 world order. Just to name a few actions, after the annexation of Crimea, Russia continued its aggression in the east of Ukraine, which by now has turned into trench warfare. Russia spurred the military campaign against the Syrian people on the side of the Assad regime, and it led to the death of thousands of civilians. Apart from cyber-attacks and social media manipulations, Russian intelligence agencies engaged in outright terrorist actions outside of Russia. They perpetrated and carried out political killings in the peaceful Ukrainian cities, kidnapped citizens of Ukraine from the territory of Belarus. Russia has been especially active in pursuing coercive policies in its immediate neighborhood. Belarus is a geostrategically important territory for the Russian Federation, control over it gives Russia important military advantages and provides political leverage towards world powers and neighboring countries. Russia and Belarus are now actively building up troops and equipment of Unified Regional Group of Forces, creating a unified air defense system. Joint military exercises with Russia have become regular, the number of the exercises is rapidly growing, promoting operational harmonization of the Belarusian army with the Russian units (many of which participated in the hostilities in Ukraine and Syria). These military integration efforts have so far culminated in the joint strategic military exercise Zapad-2017. This kind of political and military symbiosis has been implemented gradually. During the active phase of Russian military aggression against Ukraine in 2014, Belarus was effectively involved in the confrontation on the side of Russia. At the height of the hostilities in the eastern Ukraine, Russian military transport aviation and a fighter squadron with technical personnel and standard armament were deployed to Belarusian air bases in Babruisk and Baranavichy. Using an A-50 long-range airborne early warning and control aircraft from the territory of Belarus the Russian air force controlled practically all the airspace above the northern part of Ukraine. In 2015 and 2016 the Russian air wing, under the pretext of Belarus’ obligations as the member of the so-called “Union State”, trained delivering massive air strikes from Belarusian airspace on strategic targets on the territory of the Baltic States and Ukraine. Finally, another front of information warfare was launched in Belarus against Ukraine in the spring of 2017 with a series of provocations on the state border and internment of Ukrainian citizens. These are just some of the signs of Russia using military and strategic potential of Belarus in its destructive schemes in full disregard of the interests of Belarus itself. The military and political leaders of Belarus, on their part, are neglecting the constitutionally mandated neutrality and are blindly dragging the country into a military alignment with the Russian Federation further undermining its less than stellar international standing. Belarus is rapidly becoming a Russian protectorate by delegating a considerable part of its sovereignty to the Russian Federation in exchange for military protection against the imaginary threat from the West, thus letting Russia control an important part of its foreign affairs. A fundamental role in this process is played by the Russian agents of influence permeating all levels of Belarusian state administration system. We have collected material about a vast number of important Belarusians with ties to Russia. In comparison with the monitoring of 2015, this piece contains more names and details for analysis. It lists a number of top military and law enforcement officers as well as officials of the Republic of Belarus. The main selection criteria were: place of birth outside Belarus, higher military education received in the Russian Federation, episodes of service in the Soviet KGB or later Russian Federal Security Service (FSB), Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) of the USSR or Russian Federation, service in the Russian army, etc. It also includes former members of the Soviet Communist Party and some individuals who were related to the financial and diplomatic Russian-Belarusian circles. The monitoring is based on the open-source information from several ministries and departments, or from the state-owned media. This monitoring contains a list of persons with relevant facts of their biographies. It also includes some facts of their service. We are not labeling specific listed officials or officers as Russian agents of influence; however, we are providing leads for further or deeper analysis. This is also an attempt to show a statistical picture. The Supreme Command of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus (3 officers) Ravkov Andrei

Lieutenant General, Minister of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1967 in Revyaki, Beshankovichy district, Vitebsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated with honors from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2005. Promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General on May 7, 2016. Belokoniev Oleg Major General, Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus, First Deputy of the Minister of Defense. Born in 1965 in the village of Barabash, Khasan District of Primorsky Krai, Soviet Russia. Burdyko Andrey Major General, Deputy Minister for Logistics – Commander of Logistics of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1973 in Pleschenitsy, Minsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Military Academy of Logistics and Transport of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in 2003. Graduated with honors from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2012 (archive). The following changes took place in command structure: On November 23, 2015, Major General Mikhail Puzikov was relieved of his position as Deputy Minister of Defense and was appointed Deputy Secretary of the Security Council of Belarus (information about him presented below in the relevant section). Major General Sergey Potapenko, a native of Belarus, a graduate of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Republic of Belarus, was appointed to his position on January 12, 2016. Major General Igor Lotenkov, who featured in our previous investigation as a graduate of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, was relieved of his position as Deputy Defense Minister for Arms and Chief of Armament of the Armed Forces due to the discharge from military service to the reserve on May 22, 2017. Major General Sergey Simonenko, a native of Belarus and a graduate of the Military Academy of the Republic of Belarus was appointed to his position. Major General Vitaly Kireev was also discharged to the reserve (he featured in our previous investigation, a native of Magadan), he was replaced by Major General Andrei Burdyko as Deputy Defense Minister for Logistics. In the previous monitoring the entire top rank command of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus was on this list, this time only 60 percent (3 out of 5) of mentioned above officials got on the list. However, we are still witnessing the steady practice of appointing graduates of Russian military schools to the command positions. General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus (7 officers) The information about the heads of ten departments is available from open sources. Except for the mentioned above Oleg Belokoniev, Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus, this monitoring also includes: Muraveiko Pavel

Major General, Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus – head of the main operational command. Born in 1971 in Maryina Horka, Pukhavichy District, Minsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated with distinguished honors from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2008. Tihonov Victor

Major General, till recently the Head of Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU), Deputy Chief of General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus. Date and place of birth – n/a. Graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Dudko Sergey

Major General, Head of the Territorial Defense Department, Deputy Chief of General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1960. Born allegedly in Zaporozhia, Krasnyi Luch district, Luhansk Oblast, Soviet Ukraine. Graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Took part in Russian intervention to Afghanistan. Promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General (1,2) on February 22, 2016. Danilchik Igor

Colonel, Head of the EW Department of General Staff of Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1969 in the village of Lvovka, Vawkavysk district, Grodno Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Gagarin Air Force Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (archive).

Starikov Vyacheslav

Colonel, Head of Chemical Corps – Head of the NBC and Ecological Protection of General Staff of Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1967 in Tambov, Soviet Russia. 2007-2009 attended the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (archive).

Logvinovich Yuriy Colonel, Head of the Navigation and Topographical Service of the Armed Forces – Head of the Navigation and Topographical Department of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1971 in the village of Zenkovichy, Uzdensky District, Minsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. 2001-2003 attended the Military Engineer Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (archive).

Buzin Nikolay Colonel, Deputy Chief of General Staff of Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus for Scientific Research. Born in 1971 in Lida, Grodno Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2010. Colonel Kosygin Ruslan, who featured in the previous monitoring, was appointed to the position of Chief of Staff – First Deputy Commander of the Western Operational Command of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus on May 30, 2016 (see below). Major-General Igor Korol was appointed to the position of Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces for Combat Administration in early December 2016. Previously he commanded the 72nd Guards United Training Center for the training of warrant officers and junior specialists of the Armed Forces. Major General Gennadiy Kazakov (featured in previous monitoring as the attendee of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation) was discharged from his position of Head of Communication Department of General Staff of Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus on April 17, 2017. After that, he was seconded to the OJSC AGAT – Control Systems while remaining to be a serviceman of Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. Colonel Oleg Mischenko, a graduate of the Military Academy of the Republic of Belarus, was appointed to his position on August 16, 2017. Major General Sergey Bobrikov was discharged from the position of Head of the Military Academy of Belarus, as he was elected as a member of parliament of the Republic of Belarus. His position was occupied by Major General Victor Lisovsky, featured in this monitoring. Other heads of departments and institutions of the Ministry of Defense (16 officers) Panfiorov Aleksandr

Colonel, the Head of the Main Logistics Directorate, First Deputy Head of Logistics of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1968 in the village of Antonovo, Zagorsk District, Moscow Oblast, Soviet Russia. Prior to his current appointment on May 29, 2017, held the position of Deputy Commander of the Air Force and Air Defense Forces for Logistics. Seravkin Oleg

Colonel, Head of the Automotive Department of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1963 in Ryazan, Soviet Russia. He was appointed to his present position in July 2016, colonel V. Ivanov (featured in our previous investigation) had been in charge of that Department before him.

Shaplavsky Yuriy

Colonel, Head of the Transport Department of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1970 in Urechie, Lyuban District, Minsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. 2006-2008 attended the Military Academy of Logistics and Transport of the Russian Federation. Appointed to the present position on August 16, 2017, after Major General Sergey Novikov was transferred to the position of Deputy Chairman of the State Border Committee of the Republic of Belarus.

Yakunin Alexey

Colonel, Deputy Head of the Department – Head of the Transport Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. Born in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Soviet Russia in the family of a military serviceman. Graduated from the Military Transport Institute of Railway Troops and Military Communications of the Military Academy of Logistic Support of the Russian Federation in 1999.

Makarov Vladimir

Colonel, Head of Information Department of the Main Directorate of Ideology of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1955 in Chelyabinsk, Soviet Russia. Graduated with honors from the Humanitarian Academy of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 1993. He is aggressively attacking the leaders of the Belarusian democratic opposition in the media.

Lukerin Dmitriy

Colonel, Head of the Fuel Service of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1972. Graduated from the Military Academy of Logistics and Transport of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in 2010 (Military Academy of Logistic Support since 2012).

Mozhylovsky Igor

Major General, Minister of Defense Assistant for Military Economy and Finance – Head of the Main Financial and Economic Department of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. Date and place of birth – n/a. Graduated from the Military Financial and Economic University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation with a gold medal in 2002.

Zabrotsky Dmitry

Colonel, First Deputy Head of the Main Financial and Economic Department of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus Date and place of birth – n/a. Graduated from the Military Financial and Economic University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in 2002.

Derdey Eduard

Colonel, Deputy Head, Head of the 1st Directorate of the Main Financial and Economic Department of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus Date and place of birth – n/a. Graduated from the Military Financial and Economic Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in 2010.

Molotok Dmitriy

Colonel, Deputy Head, Head of the 2nd Directorate of the Main Financial and Economic Department of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus Date and place of birth – n/a. Graduated from the Military Financial and Economic University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in 2005.

Dehterev Artem

Lieutenant-colonel, Head of the 3rd Directorate of the Main Financial and Economic Department of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1982 in Kirov, Kaluga Oblast, Soviet Russia. Graduated from the Military Financial and Economic Institute in Yaroslavl in 2004.

Povecherovsky Dmitry

Lieutenant-colonel, Group Head (planning and mobilization) of the Main Financial and Economic Department of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1974, place of birth – n/a. Graduated from A.F. Mozhaysky’s Military Space Academy in Saint Petersburg in 1996. Since 1996 served on the position of an engineer of military unit 54341 (Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU), signals intelligence), Transbaikal Military District of the Armed Forces of Russian Federation (archive).

Narkovich Viktor

Lieutenant-colonel, Head of Pension and Insurance Directorate of the Main Financial and Economic Department of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1981 in Sevastopol, Soviet Ukraine. Graduated from the Military Financial and Economic Institute in Yaroslavl in 2004.

Belousov Nikolay

Colonel of Justice, Head of the Department of Legal Support of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1968 in Verkhnyaya Pyshma, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Soviet Russia.

Revenko Valeriy

Colonel, First Deputy Head of the International Cooperation Department of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1969 in Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Soviet Russia.

Maltsev Sergey

Retired Colonel, Director General of the VoentTV, the television company of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus. According to unconfirmed information, he was born in 1954 in the village of Olgino, Leningrad Oblast, Soviet Russia. Most of the command staff of various departments of the Ministry of Defense of Belarus featured in the previous monitoring, were retired from military service by age. They were replaced by natives of other countries than Belarus and by graduates of Russian military higher schools. The Ground Forces of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus (8 officers) The Western Operational Command

Kosygin Ruslan

Colonel, Chief of Staff – First Deputy Commander of the Western Operational Command (WOC). Replaced the retired colonel O.Melnik on this position. Headed the information and analytical department of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus until the May 2016. Born on June 28, 1968 in Yalta, Crimea, Soviet Ukraine. He was the subject of our investigation in October 2015 that, quite possibly, triggered his honorable exile to Grodno (WOC) till the end of the service career and subsequent discharge by age.

Oreh Vladimir

Colonel, Deputy Commander for Logistics – Head of the Logistic Department of the Western Operational Command. Born in 1969 in Babruisk, Mahiliow Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated with honors from Khrulev Military Academy of Logistics and Transport of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation in 2011.

Units of the Western Operational Command

Kireev Leonid

Colonel, commander of the 111 Guards Artillery Brigade. Born in 1972 in Irkutsk, Soviet Russia in the family of a military serviceman.

The North Western Operational Command Volfovich Alexander

Major General, Commander of the North Western Operational Command. Born in 1967 in Kazan, Soviet Russia. Graduated with honors from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2008.

Kuzmuk Igor Colonel, Deputy Commander for Armament – Head of the Armament Department of the North Western Operational Command. Born in 1973 in the village of Kalinovskoe, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Soviet Russia. Replaced colonel Victor Turov at the present position in 2015.

Shkadrovich Vitaliy Colonel, Depuy Commander for Logistics – Head of the Logistics Department of the North Western Operational Command. Born in 1970 in Kirovsk, Mahiliow Voblast, Soviet Belarus. 2008-2010 attended the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. It is worth mentioning that after Major General A. Nekrashevich was promoted to the Head of the Main Directorate of the combat training of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus in February 2016, his previous position of the Deputy Commander of the North Western Operational Command was given to Colonel Vladimir Kulazhyn on April 20, 2016. Later Kulazhyn V. took part in the preparation and control of the command post exercises at Lepel training range in September 2016. Counteraction to separatist armed groups together with urban cleanup and blocking operations were trained during those exercises as counteraction to possible hybrid threats. Another curious fact – Lepel training range is only 100 km away from the Russian border. Units of the North Western Operational Command

Latyshev Andrey

Colonel, commander of the 19th Separate Guards Mechanized Brigade. Born in 1973 on the territory of the German Democratic Republic in the family of a military serviceman.

Pikalov Oleg Lieutenant-colonl, head of the 814th maintenance support center. Born in 1978, allegedly on the territory of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic in the family of a serviceman of the Soviet occupation Central Group of Forces.

Air Force and Air Defense Forces of the Republic of Belarus (8 officers)

Golub Igor Major General, Deputy Commander of the Air Force and Air Defense Forces. Born in 1967 in Chernihiv, Soviet Ukraine.

Trus Sergey Major General, Chief of Staff – First Deputy Commander of the Air Force and Air Defense Forces. Born in 1965 in Minsk, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2008.

Karev Alexander Major General, Deputy Commander of the Air Force and Air Defense Forces – Aviation Commander. Born in 1966 allegedly in the village of Kamieshok, Kemerovo Oblast, Soviet Russia.

Shevchenko Valeriy Colonel, Deputy Commander of the Air Force and Air Defense Forces for Ideology – Head of the Directorate. Born in 1969 in Chelyabinsk, Soviet Russia.

Filippov Igor Colonel, commander of the Combat Training Section, radio-technical forces, Air Force and Air Defense Forces command, till recently. Born in 1968 in Baranavichy, Brest Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Zhukov Air and Space Defense Academy of the Russian Federation in 2005. Colonel, Alexander Panferov, Deputy Commander of the Air Force and Air Defence Forces for logistic – Head of the Directorate. Appointed to the new position of the Head of the Main Logistics Directorate, First Deputy Head of Logistics of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus on June 29, 2017. His previous position was given to colonel Yuriy Peiganovich. There is only his education and very short military background in open sources. Colonel Boris Budaev was relieved of his position of Deputy Commander of the Air Force and Air Defense Forces for Armament of the Armed Forces – Head of the Directorate due to age retirement from the military service. He featured in our previous investigation as a native of one of the garrison towns in Tajikistan and a graduate of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Colonel Alexander Astraukh, a graduate of the Military Academy of the Republic of Belarus was assigned to this position. On July 18, 2017, major general Oleg Dvigalev was relieved of the position of commander of the Air Force and air defense forces of the Republic of Belarus and appointed to the chairman of the State Military-Industrial Committee (see below). His deputy major general Igor Holub became the new commander. This appointment is curious, because one of the key bodies of the military command is now headed by a native of Chernihiv, Ukraine. It is not quite clear for now if he will confront the pro-Russian policy to engage Belarus into military conflicts on the Russian side, or his appointment was connected to his good knowledge of the possible future combat theater in Ukraine. Igor Holub was replaced by major general Andrey Hurcevich, a native of Belarus and a graduate of the Military Academy of the Repгblic of Belarus, became the new deputy commander of the Air Force and Air Defense Forces of the Republic of Belarus. The order on his appointment was dated August 31, 2017. As we can see the command of the Air Force and Air Defense Forces of the Republic of Belarus has undergone significant changes, having replaced about 40 percent of its personnel. Many new arrivals are natives of Belarus and graduates of Military Academy of Republic of Belarus. Units of the Air Force and Air Defence Forces of the Republic of Belarus

Lgov Mikhail Родился в 1973 году в Таллинне в семье военнослужащего. Colonel, commander of the 120th Antiaircraft Missile Brigade (military unit 96577, stationed in Baranavichy, Brest Voblast). Born in 1973 in Tallinn in the family of a military serviceman.

Lukianovich Andrey Colonel, till recently the commander of 50th Mixed Aviation Base of the Air Force and Air Defence Forces which makes part of the unified regional air defense system of Russia and Belarus (military unit 06752, stationed in Machulishchy, Minsk Voblast). Graduated from the Gagarin Air Force Academy of Russian Federation in 2011.

Shchipunov Evgeniy Lieutenant-colonel, senior navigator – chief navigator of the 50th Mixed Aviation Base of the Air Force and Air Defence Forces. Graduated from the Chelyabinsk Red Banner Military Aviation Institute of Navigators of the Russian Federation in 1999.

Special Operations Forces of the Armed forces of the Republic of Belarus (2 officers)

Denisenko Vadim Major General, commander of the Special Operations Forces of the Armed forces of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1967 in Budapest, Hungarian People’s Republic. Graduated with honors from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2008 (archive).

Sobol Dmitry Colonel, commander of the 38th Guard Air-Assault Brigade (stationed in Brest). Born in 1975 in Weimar, German Democratic Republic. Graduated from Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School in 1996, Combined Arms Academy of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2010 (1,2). Special Operations Forces is a comparatively new military branch of the Armed forces of the Republic of Belarus that celebrated its 10th anniversary not long ago. These are truly elite and combat-ready units of the Belarus Army that undergoing regular joint drills with Airborne Forces of Russian Federation. It is worth noting, that these drills are conducted with those Russian units that took a direct part in military aggression against Ukraine. Specialized Support Troops of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus (7 officers)

Lopatkin Igor Colonel, till recently the commander of the 253rd Base for Storage, Repair and Disposal of Communications Equipment. Born in 1970 in Syzran, Kuibyshev Oblast, Soviet Russia.

Diachkov Sergey Colonel, till recently commander of the 188 Guards Engineer Brigade. Born in 1972 in Soligorsk, Minsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from Military Engineer Forces Institute of the Combined Arms Military Academy of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2010.

Prosyanoy Yuriy Colonel, till recently he commander of the 1371 Engineer Base (engineer armament). Born in 1965 in the village of Tarasivka, Khmelnitsky Oblast, Soviet Ukraine in the family of a military serviceman.

Germanov Oleg Colonel, till recently commander of the 8th NBC Brigade. Born in 1973 in Staryya Darohi, Minsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from Tambov Higher Military Commander School of Chemical Defense.

Lysikov Dmitry Lieutenant-colonel, commander of the 602nd Storage and Repair Base (NBC Corps). Born in 1975, allegedly on the territory of the German Democratic Republic in the family of a military serviceman. Graduated from the Military Academy for NBC Defense Troops and Engineer Troops of the Russian Federation in 1997.

Yakovuk Alexander Lieutenant-colonel, commander of the 77th Separate Railway Bridge Battalion, 30th Separate Railway Brigade. Born in Minsk, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Military Transport Institute of Railway Troops of the Russian Federation in 2007 (archive).

Rudko Evgeniy Lieutenant-colonel, commander of the 259th Separate Mobile Repair Railway Battalion, 30th Separate Railway Brigade. Date and place of birth – n/a. Graduated from the Military Transport Institute of Railway Troops of the Russian Federation.

Military Enlistment Offices of the Republic of Belarus (14 officers)

Androshchuk Oleg Lieutenant-colonel, chief enlistment officer of Drohochin District, Brest Voblast. Born in 1973 in Potsdam, the German Democratic Republic in the family of a military serviceman. Graduated from the Kaliningrad Military Aviation Technical School, served in Transbaikal Military District of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Zmeev Dmitriy Lieutenant-colonel, chief enlistment officer of Kamenets District, Brest Voblast. Born in 1980. Allegedly graduated from the Military Academy of Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Defense Troops of the Russian Federation in 2003.

Kruglov Igor Colonel, till recently chief enlistment officer of Kobryn and Zhabinka Districts, Brest Voblast. Born in 1970 in Brest. Served in the 134th Separate Special Communications Brigade, as well as in the Far Eastern and North Caucasian military districts of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Blashchenko Andrey Major, till recently head of the separate group (Hantsavichy district) of the military enlistment office of the Luninets and Hantsavichy districts of the Brest Voblast. Born in 1985 in the family of a military serviceman in Ussuriysk, Primorsky Krai, Soviet Russia.

Herasimchuk Vladimir Lieutenant-colonel, chief enlistment officer of the Slonim and Zelva Districts of the Grodno Voblast. Born in 1980 in Potsdam, the German Democratic Republic in the family of a military serviceman.

Kotiakhov Aleksey Lieutenant-colonel, deputy chief enlistment officer of the Barysaw and Krupki Districts of the Minsk Voblast, head of the mobilization department. Born in 1975, allegedly in Ulan-Ude, Buryat Republic, Soviet Russia.

Matetskiy Alexanderї Colonel, chief enlistment officer of the Maladzyechna and Valozhyn Districts, Minsk Voblast, chief of staff of the district territorial defense. Born in 1975 in the village of Rogozino, Lahoysk District, Minsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from A.F. Mozhaisky Military Space Engineering Academy in 1997. Took the military oath of the Russian Federation. 1997-2000 served at the Baikonur cosmodrome, 2000-2002 at the Russian Volga radar warning system that is located on the territory of Belarus, 7 km away to the north-east from Hantsavichy, Brest Voblast.

Radkevich Oleg Lieutenant-colonel, chief enlistment officer of the Myadzyel District, Minsk Voblast. Born in 1971 in Lebedyn, Sumy Oblast, Soviet Ukraine in the family of a military serviceman.

Volfovich Dmitry Colonel, head of the territorial defense sector, deputy chief enlistment officer of the Vitebsk Voblast. He is the brother of the Major General Alexander Volfovich, Commander of the North Western Operational Command (see above). Date and place of birth – n/a. Took part in the first Chechen war.

Litovchyk Igor Colonel, till recently chief enlistment officer of Orsha and Dubrowna Districts, Vitebsk Voblast. Born in 1972 in Dubrovno, Vitebsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from A.F. Mozhaisky Military Space Engineering Academy in Saint Petersburg in 1994. From 1994 to 1996 served at the 1st State Test Cosmodrome Plesetsk (military unit 14056) of the Russian Air Force, subsequently included in the Strategic Missile Forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Has state awards of the Russian Federation.

Shkinderov Aleksandr Lieutenant-colonel, military enlistment officer of the Horki and Drybin Districts, Mahiliow Voblast. Born in 1973 in Minsk, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Kaliningrad Higher Engineering School of Engineer Troops in 1995. From August 1995 to July 1998 carried out combat missions in the conflict zone at the administrative border of the former Chechen-Ingush ASSR in the Republic of Ingushetia of the Russian Federation (137th Nazran Border Detachment, Caucasian Border District, Federal Border Service of the Russian Federation). From July 1998 to August 2000 served in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania of the Russian Federation in the Vladikavkaz border detachment, Caucasian Special Border District, Federal Border Service of the Russian Federation. Took part in combat operations in the Argun Gorge of the Chechen Republic in January, 2000 (archive).

Drobyshev Valeriy Major, till recently head of the separate group (Yelsk District) of the enlistment office for Mazyr, Yelsk and Naroulia Districts, Gomel Voblast. Born in 1976 in Potsdam, the German Democratic Republic in the family of a military serviceman.

Nislovsky Igor Colonel, chief enlistment officer of the Loyew and Rechytsa Districts, Gomel Voblast. Born in 1969, place of birth – n/a. Attended the Military Engineer Institute of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (present Military Engineer Forces Institute of the Combined Arms Military Academy of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation).

Del Aleksandr Colonel, chief enlistment officer of the Svietlahorsk and Oktyabrsky Districts, Gomel Voblast. Born in 1975, allegedly in Kiskunhalas (Hungarian People’s Republic) in the family of a military serviceman of the Soviet occupation Southern Group of Forces. The system of enlistment offices in Belarus, along with the military mobilization, recruiting and registration functions is also responsible for the state territorial defense functioning. Within this investigation, we established that the command posts of this important military body are held not only by the graduates of Russian higher military schools, but also by those who took military oath of the Russian Federation and even participated in combat operations in the Russian military units. Military education system of the Republic of Belarus (13 officers)

Lisovsky Viktor Major General, head of the Military Academy of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1965 in Baranavichy, Brest Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated with honors and gold medal from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Appointed to the position on December 6, 2016, after the previous head of the Academy Major General Sergei Bobrikov was elected parliament of the Republic of Belarus (now holds the position Deputy Chairman of the Committee on National Security).

Lepeshko Gennadiy Major General, first deputy head of the Military Academy of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1965 in Pinsk, Brest Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Prior to his current appointment, held the position of the Head of the Military Education Department of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus, which is currently headed by Colonel I. Slutsky.

Susha Vladimir Colonel, head of the foreign servicemen training faculty – Deputy Head of the Military Academy of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1971 allegedly in the German Democratic Republic. Graduated from the Kaliningrad Higher Engineering School of Engineer Troops (KVIUIV).

Vasiliev Sviatoslav Colonel, Head of the Combined Arms Department of the Military Academy of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1965 in the village of Kalinoskoe, Kamyshlov District, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Soviet Russia in the family of a military serviceman.

Polishchuk Vasily Colonel, Deputy Head of the General Staff Department for education and research. Born in 1968 in the village of Solonaya, Valozhyn District, Minsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Took part in the Soviet military intervention to Afghanistan in 1987-1988. Graduated with honors and gold medal from the Military Academy of NBC Defense Troops and Engineer Troops of the Russian Federation in 2005 (archive).

Minov Alexandr Retired Colonel, Head of the State and Military Management Department of the General Staff Department of the Military Academy of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1966 in Minsk, Soviet Belarus. Graduated with honors and gold medal from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2010 (archive).

Razin Andrey Retired Colonel, Head of the Military Strategy Department of the General Staff Department of the Military Academy of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1962 in Mozyr, Gomel Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated with honors from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2007 (archive).

Grishyn Vladimir Retired Colonel, Head of the Operations Department of the General Staff Department of the Military Academy of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1965 in Ryazan, Soviet Russia. Graduated with honors from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2007 (archive).

Chernetsky Konstantin Colonel, Head of the 72nd Guards Joint Training Centre for warrant officers and junior specialists of the Belarus Armed Forces. Born in Tashkent, Uzbek SSR in the family of a military serviceman, graduated from Moscow Higher Military Command School.

Lubochko Oleg Colonel, head of the Scientific Research Institute of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus, professor of the Academy of Military Sciences of the Russian Federation. Date and place of birth – n/a. He was on the territory of Crimea occupied by Russia at the invitation of the cynological union Empire (1, 2, 3) in September 2016. With a high degree of probability, this visit was illegal as he violated the regime of stay in the temporarily occupied territories, which, according to Ukrainian legislation, may entail administrative or criminal liability. It is noteworthy that Sergei Heister who featured in our previous investigation of the BelVPO criminal group who was engaged in anti-Belarussian propaganda and openly promoted the ideas of the Russian world, is also working at the Research Institute of the Armed Forces, headed by Oleg Lubochko.

Kuleshov Yuriy Colonel, the Head of Military Department of the Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics (BSUIR), professor of the Belarusian regional department of the Academy of Military Sciences of the Russian Federation. Born in 1972 in Zelenogorsk, Soviet Russia, in the family of a military serviceman (archive).

Pavlov Leontiy Colonel, Head of the Military Department of the Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno. Born in 1967 in Segezha, Karelian ASSR, Soviet Russia.

Poddubny Aleksey Colonel, Head of the Military Transport Department of the Belarusian State University of Transport. 2004-2006 – attended the Military Transport Institute of Railway Troops and Transportation Service of the Russian Federation. This analysis shows that all levels of Belarus military education system are permeated with a significant number of commanders and decision makers who passed through the ideological apparatus of the military education system of the Russian Federation.

State Border Committee of the Republic of Belarus (16 officers) Lappo Anatoly Major General, Chairman of the State Border Committee of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1963 in the village of Kulakovka, Byalynichy District, Mahiliow Voblast, Soviet Belarus. In 1986 graduated from the Golitsyno Higher Border Military-Political School of the USSR’s KGB (in 2001 renamed the Golitsyno Academy of the Federal Border Guard Service of Russia). From 1981 to 1992 held different positions in Transcaucasian Border Guard District of the KGB USSR. Appointed to the position of Chairman of the State Border Committee of the Republic of Belarus on December 29, 2016. The former Committee Chairman Colonel-General L. Maltsev (featured in the previous monitoring) was retired by age (1, 2, 3).

Butkevich Igor Major General, First Deputy Chairman of the State Border Committee of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1969 in the village of Rakovcy, Smorgon District, Grodno Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Held officer positions of the Air Force of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation at the Baikonur cosmodrome till 1994 (archive).

Moiseenko Vladimir Major General, Deputy Chairman of the State Border Committee of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1964 in Grodno, Soviet Belarus. In 1985 graduated from the Golitsyno Higher Border Military-Political School of the USSR’s KGB, in the year 1997 – from the Academy of the Federal Border Guard Service of Russia (archive).

Pechen Igor Major General, Deputy Chairman of the State Border Committee of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1965 in Smolensk, Soviet Russia. Graduated with honors from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2009 (archive).

Novikov Sergey Major General, Deputy Chairman of the State Border Committee of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1968 in Uvarovichi, Buda-Kashalyova District, Gomel Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated with honors and golden medal from the Military Academy of Logistics and Transport of the Russian Federation in 2002. Prior to his appointment to the current position on July 27, 2017, he held the position of the Head of the Transport Department of the Defense Ministry of the Republic of Belarus.

Davydiuk Alexander Colonel, Chief of Lida border detachment, appointed on September 27, 2016. Born in 1973 in Novohrad-Volynskyi, Zhytomyr Oblast, Soviet Ukraine. Graduated from the Kaliningrad Higher Engineering School of Engineer Troops (transformed into Kaliningrad Military Polytechnic Institute of Federal Border Service in 1995, Kaliningrad Border Institute of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation since 2003). From 1996 to 2001 served in the Border Service of the Russian Federation.

Verenich Alexander Colonel, Deputy Chief of Lida Border Detachment for security and organizational support. Born in 1973 in Pinsk, Brest Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Saint Petersburg Higher Military School of Radioelectronics in 1994. From 1994 to 1999 served in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.

Kuzmenko Aleksey Colonel, Chief of the Gomel Border Group. Born in 1972 in Gomel, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School in 1995, served in Russian Airborne Troops. Graduated from the Border Academy of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation in 2008 (1, 2).

Molostov Konstantin Colonel, till recently the Chief of the Grodno Border Group. Born in 1970 in Krasnoarmeisk, Saratov Oblast, Soviet Russia. From 1989 to 1993 attended Alma-Ata Higher Border Guard Command School of the KGB. Graduated from the Border Academy of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation in 2004 (archive).

Zhylinsky Sergey Colonel, Chief of the Smorgon Border Group. Born in 1978 in Angarsk, Irkutsk Oblast, Soviet Russia. He replaced in this position colonel Alexander Markevich who was elected the parliament of the Republic of Belarus in September 2016. It is worth noting that Alexander Markevich, a member of the Permanent Legislation Committee, graduated from the Moscow Academy of the Border Service of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation in 2008.

Rydkin Alexander Colonel, Deputy Chief of Smorgon Border Detachment for security and organizational support. Born in 1978 in Osypovichy, Mahiliow Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Budyonny Military Academy of the Signal Corps of the Ministry of Defense of Russian Federation in 2009 (archive).

Bruyev Vladislav Colonel, Chief of the Polatsk Border Detachment. Born in 1977 in Kharkiv, Soviet Ukraine. Graduated from the Border Academy of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation in 2012.

Ruto Pavel Lieutenant-colonel, Deputy Chief of Mozyr Border Detachment on ideology. Born in 1979, place of birth – n/a. Graduated from the Border Academy of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation in 2012.

Butranets Maksim Colonel, Chief of the Pinsk Border Detachment. Born in 1978 in Sverdlovsk, Soviet Russia in the family of a military serviceman. Graduated from the Border Academy of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation.

Shukan Valeriy Colonel, Deputy Chief of Brest Border Group on ideology. Attended Moscow cadet school, in the beginning of 90s graduated from theGolitsyno Higher Border Military-Political School of the USSR’s KGB.

Polonsky Aleksey Colonel, Deputy Chief of Border Control Detachment Minsk on security and organizational support. Born in 1974, place of birth – n/a. Allegedly in 1996 graduated from the Higher Naval Submarine Navigation School (present Saint Petersburg Naval Institute), from 1996 to 1999 served on the territory of the Russian Federation in the military unit 2241, 2nd Separate Brigade of Border Patrol Boats (Vysotsk, Vyborg District, Leningrad Oblast). Many of the mentioned officers holding key positions at the State Border Committee, as well as commanders of border detachments and groups had or may still have direct links to the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation. State Military Industrial Committee of Republic of Belarus (3 officers)

Dvigalev Oleg Major General, Chairman of the State Military Industrial Committee. Born in 1965 in Vita, Severomorsk District, Murmansk Oblast, Soviet Russia. Before the last appointment on June 18, 2017, he held the position of the commander of the Air Force and Air Defense Forces of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus.

Demidenko Igor Major General, First Deputy Chairman of the State Military Industrial Committee. Born in 1967 in Babruisk, Mahiliow Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2010. Appointed to the present position on December 12, 2016 after Igor Bykov who featured in our previous investigation as a native of Soviet Russia. Previously Major General Demidenko headed the main military inspection of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus (archive).

Smolsky Gennadiy Deputy Chairman of the State Military Industrial Committee. Born in 1963 in Barysaw, Minsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Higher School of the KGB in Moscow in 1990. 1990-2004 served on different positions in KGB of Belarus and Russia. Appointed to the position in June 2016 after O. Morozov (featured in our previous monitoring) was transferred to one of the special exporting enterprises in the State Military Industrial Committee system (archive). First Deputy Chairman of the State Military Industrial Committee I. Bykov I. (featured in the previous investigation) was appointed to the position of Deputy Director of the OJSC AGAT – Control Systems on responsible for drone systems, navigation and communication equipment. Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus (22 officers)

Shuneich Igor Lieutenant-General of Police, Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1967 in Luhansk Oblast, Soviet Ukraine. From 2007 to 2012 worked in the KGB of Republic of Belarus, where he headed the Investigations Directorate and then the Main Directorate for counter-intelligence at law enforcement and controlling services, anti-corruption and anti-organized crime activity.

Karaev Yuriy Major General of Police, Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus, commander of Internal Troops. Born in 1966 in Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia, Soviet Russia. Graduated from the Saratov Higher Command School of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR, in 1996 graduated from the Frunze Military Academy, Russian Federation (archive).

Khomenko Sergey Major General, head of the security department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1966 in Donetsk Oblast, Soviet Ukraine.

Yevsiukov Aleksandr Colonel of Police, Deputy Chief of the Main Department for Economic Crimes of the Criminal Police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Head of the 1st Department. Born in 1975 in Petrozavodsk, Karelian ASSR, Soviet Russia.

Saladovnikov Andrey Colonel of Police, Department for Drug Control and Human Trafficking of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Born in 1970 allegedly in Podporozhye, Leningrad Oblast, Soviet Russia. Approximately in 1990-1992 served in the Dzerzhinsky Special Operations Motorized Rifle Division of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs o the Russian Federation (Moscow).

Borisov Vladimir Colonel, assistant to the Internal Troops commander – Secretary of the Military Council. Born in 1968, place of birth – n/a. Approximately in 1990 graduated from the North-Caucasian Military Institute of Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of USSR. Allegedly in 1990-1993 served in 22nd Operational Brigade (Cobra) of Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of USSR and Russian Federation (stationed in Kalachev-na-Donu, Volgogradskaya Oblast).

Zagorsky Andrey Colonel of Police, an assistant to the Internal Troops commander for finance – head of Financial and Economic Department. Born in 1974, allegedly on the territory of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic in the family of a military serviceman.

Dudkin Andrei Colonel, commander of the 3rd Special Forces Brigade of Internal Troops of the Ministry for Internal Affairs (Minsk, Uruchie), units of which took an active part in the crackdown on the Freedom Day peaceful protest in Minsk on March 25, 2017. Born in 1968. Graduated from the Ordzhonikidze Higher Military Command School of the Internal Troops of the USSR. From 1989 to 1993 served on the position of platoon commander, then company commander of the 22nd Operational Brigade (Cobra) of Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR and Russian Federation (stationed in Kalachev-na-Donu, Volgogradskaya Oblast). Has departmental awards of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

Evseev Igor Major General of Police, Head of the Directorate of Internal Affairs of the Minsk Regional Executive Committee. Born in 1968 in Ros, Vawkavysk District, Grodno Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Served in the 3rd Special Forces Brigade, Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) of the Armed Forces of the USSR, stationed in the German Democratic Republic. He coordinated, commanded and took personal part in the crackdown on the protest at Manezhnaya Square in 2010, the Stop Gasoline initiative, silent protests in 2011. Before the cancellation by the EU Foreign Affairs Council of most of the sanctions against Lukashenko regime, he was included into the sanction list as # 64, he was forbidden to enter the territory of European Union and to conduct any financial operations there (1, 2).

Korotkevich Nikolay Colonel of Police, head of State Traffic Police department of the Directorate of Internal Affairs of the Minsk Regional Executive Committee. Born in 1969 in the village of Kamenne (formerly Voikovo), Starobesheve District, Donetsk Oblast, Soviet Ukraine. From 1987 to 1989 secretary of the unit Komsomol organization during the compulsory military service in military unit 32829 (Novosibirsk, Soviet Russia).

Labaev Sergey Colonel of Police, the head of the Berezovo Regional Department of Internal Affairs of the Brest Voblast. Born in 1980 in Kolomna, Moscow Oblast, Soviet Russia.

Karpushkin Oleg Police lieutenant-colonel, Head of the Department of Internal Affairs of the Leninsky district of Grodno. Born in 1978 Borne Sulinowo, Polish People’s Republic in the family of the career Russian officer of the Soviet Northern Group of Forces.

Vagabov Rustam Lieutenant-colonel of police, head of the Navahrudak Regional Department of Internal Affairs of the Grodno Voblast. Born in 1977 in the village of Turshunay, Babayurt District, Dagestan ASSR, Soviet Russia.

Novikov Dmitriy Lieutenant-colonel of police, head of the Verkhnyadzvinsk Regional Department of Internal Affairs of the Vitebsk Voblast. Born in 1979 in Baku, Soviet Azerbaijan.

Sirotko Vitaliy Lieutenant-colonel of police, head of the Kapyl District Department of Internal Affairs of the Minsk Voblast. Born in 1975, in Prague, the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic in the family of a military serviceman.

Huzov Andrey Lieutenant-colonel of police, head of the Economic Crime Department, Directorate of Internal Affairs of the Babruisk Ditrict Executive Committee. Born in 1980 in Potsdam, the German Democratic Republic in the family of a military serviceman.

Olhovsky Igor Lieutenant-colonel of police, head of the Klichaw District Department of Internal Affairs of the Mahiliow Voblast. Born in 1972 in the village of Unoshevo, Krasnogorsk District, Briansk Oblast, Soviet Russia.

Chuprin Stanislav Lieutenant-colonel of police, head of the Krychaw District Department of Internal Affairs of the Mahiliow Voblast. Born in 1977 in Makiivka Donetsk Oblast, Soviet Ukraine.

Dobrygin Alexey Major of police, head of the Mahiliow District Department of Internal Affairs on ideology and stuffing. Born in 1984. Graduated from the Moscow University of Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russian Federation in 2006.

Arkhipenko Viktor Lieutenant-colonel of police, head of the Asipovichy District Department of Internal Affairs of the Mahiliow Voblast. Born in 1975 in Iringa, Tanzania, allegedly in the family of the soviet specialists.

Faizulin Alexander Deputy Head of the Criminal Investigation Department of the Internal Affairs Directorate of the Gomel Regional Executive Committee (rank – n/a, allegedly lieutenant-colonel). Born in 1979 in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Magadan Oblast, Soviet Russia, allegedly in the settlement of Polyarny, Shmidtovsky District.

Faizulin Marat Colonel of police, till recently the head of the Novobelitsky Department of Internal Affairs of the city of Gomel. The brother of the Alexander Faizulin. Born in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Magadan Oblast, Soviet Russia, allegedly in the settlement of Polyarny, Shmidtovsky District.

The educational system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus (3 officers)

Bachila Vladimir Major general of police, head of the Academy of the Interior Ministry of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1960 in the settlement of Lipki, Minsk District, Minsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Moscow Higher Police School of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation in 1994.

Pekarsky Fedor Colonel of Police, Head of the Psychology and Sociology Department of the Academy of the Interior Ministry of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1972 in Tolyatti, Samara Oblast, Soviet Russia.

Polishchuk Valeriy Major general of police, head of the Mahiliow Institute of the Interior Ministry of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1963 in the village of Priozernoe, Tobolsk District, Kustanai Oblast, Soviet Kazakhstan. Colonel of police Ivan Kubrakov (a native of Belarus) was appointed to the position of the Head of the Internal Affairs Directorate of the Vitebsk Regional Executive Committee instead of major general Victor Senko (featured in the previous investigation), who was dismissed from that position on May 12, 2017. Colonel of police Herman Oleinikov, Deputy Head of the Internal Affairs Directorate of the Grodno Regional Executive Committee (also featured in the previous investigation) was retired by age in February 2017. The vacant position is temporarily occupied by the Sergei Yakubovich. However, these insignificant appointments do not change the overall situation in the command structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus, it still contains a significant number of non-natives of Belarus, as well as those who took an oath of the Russian Federation, served in the Russian army and even have Russian departmental awards. Ministry of emergency situations of Republic of Belarus (2 officers)

Vashchenko Vladimir Lieutenant-general of Internal service. Minister of emergency situations. Born in 1958 in the village of Troitsko-Pechersk, Komi ASSR, Soviet Russia.

Lasuta Gennadiy Major General of Internal service, Deputy Minister for Emergency Situations of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1969 in the town of Lelchytsy, Gomel Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Graduated from the Saint Petersburg Higher Military Engineering School in 1992. From 1992 to 1994 served in the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Navy on the position of deputy head of the marine engineering service department (1, 2).

Presidium of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus (4 officials) Kobiakov Andrey Prime-Minister of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1960 in Moscow in the family of a military serviceman, who was then sent to serve in Belarus. In 1983 graduated with honors from the Moscow Aviation Institute. From 1988 to 1989 – instructor at the Organizational department of the Rogachev city committee of the the Communist Party of Soviet Belarus. From 2011 to 2012 served as extraordinary and plenipotentiary ambassador of the Republic of Belarus to the Russian Federation (1, 2).

Matiushevski Vasiliy First Deputy Prime-Minister of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1969 in Orsha, Vitebsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. From 2010 to 2014 – held the position of chairman of the board and director general of the OAO BPS-Bank, owned by Sberbank of Russia.

Anfimov Leonid Chairman of the State Controlling Committee of the Republic of Belarus, member of the Security Council of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1954 in the village of Sima, Yuriev-Podolsk District, Vladimir Oblast, Soviet Russia. From 1984 to 1986 – an instructor of the industry and transport department of Zavodskoi Area Committee of the Communist party of Belarus in Minsk. From 1986 to 1989 – deputy chairman of the Planning Commission of the Executive Committee of the Minsk City Council, head of the Department of Consumer Goods Planning (1, 2).

Rusyi Mikhail Deputy Prime-Minister of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1954 in the village of Voronino, Gomel Voblast, Soviet Belarus. From 1985 to 1991 – a party functionary at several district committees of the Communist Party of Belarus. From 2003 to 2004 – a department advisor at the Embassy of Belarus to Russia in St Petersburg.

Security Council of the Republic of Belarus (6 officers) Zas Stanislav Major-general, state secretary of the Security Council of Republic of Belarus. Born in 1964 allegedly in Chernihiv, Soviet Ukraine. From 1993 to 1995 studied at the Combined Arms Military Academy of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Graduated with honors and a gold medal from the Military academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Russian Federation in 2005. Besides military service, also served in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, in the KGB, in the Border Guard Troops. Appointed to the position of the State Secretary of the Security Council on November 4, 2015, received a regular promotion to the rank of Lieutenant General on February 23, 2016 (archive).

Vtiurin Andrey Colonel, deputy state secretary of the Security Council of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1971 in the town of Penza, Soviet Russia. Graduated from Saratov Higher Military Command School of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in 1992. Since 1995 served in the presidential security service of the President of Republic of Belarus, which he headed from 2007 to 2014.

Puzikov Mikhail Major General, deputy state secretary of the Security Council of Republic of Belarus. Born in 1961 in the village of Gorodishche 1, Brasovsky District, Briansk Oblast, Soviet Russia. Graduated with honors from the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in 2004. Appointed to the position of State Secretary of the Security Council of Republic of Belarus on November 23, 2015, after he had been dismissed from the position of Deputy of the Minister of Defense of the Republic of Belarus (archive).

Archakov Vladimir Major General, deputy state secretary of the Security Council of the Republic of Belarus. Date and place of birth – n/a. Served at the KGB of the Republic of Belarus for a long time. From 2012 to 2014 was the head of the of the KGB Department for the Vitebsk Voblast of the Republic of Belarus. Appointed to the position of the state secretary of the Security Council of Republic of Belarus on February 21, 2014, remained on the staff roster of the KGB.

Sukalo Valentin Chairman of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Belarus, member of the Security Council of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1942 in Minsk. In 1987 he was appointed to the position of the head of Common Law Courts Department of the Ministry of Justice of the USSR, in 1988 – Minister of Justice of the Soviet Belarus. Since 1989, – head of the state and legal department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Belarus, the first deputy chairman of the Supreme Court of the USSR.

Andreychenko Vladimir Chairman of the so-called House of Representatives of the National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus, member of the Security Council of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1949 in the village of Marianovo, Liozna District, Vitebsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. In 1974 and 1975 – an instructor at the Liozna District Committee of the Communist Party of Belarus, from 1975 to 1978 – Secretary of the Communist Party committee of the state farm Adamenka, from 1987 to 1991- First Secretary of the Verhnedvinsk District Committee of the Communist Party of the Vitebsk District, Chairman of Verhnedvinsk District Council of People’s Deputies, First Secretary of Verkhnedvinsk District Committee of the Communist Party of Belarus. Graduated from the Minsk Higher Communist Party School in 1988 (archive). The members of the Security Council of the Republic of Belarus are also Prime Minister Andrey Kobyakov, Interior Minister Igor Shunevich, Defense Minister Andrey Ravkov, Minister for Emergency Situations Vladimir Vashchenko, KGB Chairman Valery Vakulchik, Chairman of the State Military Industrial Committee Oleg Dvorogov, Chairman of the State Border Committee, Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces – First Deputy Minister of Defense Oleg Belokonev, Chairman of the State Controlling Committee Leonid Anfimov. They all featured in this monitoring. Presidential Security service Colonel Andrey Pavluchenko was appointed to the position of the head of the President’s Security Service on December 21, 2016 to replace Victor Shynkevich, who featured in our previous investigation. There is no open source information about the new chief bodyguard of Lukashenko and other command staff of the agency. Committee of the State Security of the Republic of Belarus (KGB) (3 officers)

Vakulchik Valeriy Head of the KGB of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1964 in the village of Radostovo, Brest Voblast, Soviet Belarus. In 1992 completed the Higher KGB USSR Courses of Counter-Intelligence. From 1991 to 2008 served in state security agencies. From 2008 to 2011 headed the Operational and Analytical Center (OAC) (archive). Before the cancellation by the EU Foreign Affairs Council of most of the sanctions against Lukashenko regime, he was on the sanctions list of under #221, he was forbidden to enter the territory of European Union and to conduct any financial operations there.

Sergeenko Igor Major General, First Deputy Head of the KGB of the Republic of Belarus. Born in 1963 in the village of Stolitsa, Sharkawshchyna District, Vitebsk Voblast, Soviet Belarus. Served in KGB since 1988. Before his current appointment in April 2013, he served on the position of the head of the regional KGB Department for the Mahiliow Voblast Also was on the European Union sanctions list against Lukashenko regime until it was canceled in February 2016. Sergeenko featured in it under #190.