Myopia is one of the world’s most common eye disorders, with a prevalence of about 40 percent in Europe (1) and the United States and up to 90 percent in developed Asian countries (2). It’s a dramatic increase from numbers seen only a few decades ago, and while the refractive consequences of high myopia are easily corrected, the disease state brings with it an increased risk of retinal detachment, macular degeneration, cataract and glaucoma. This is especially true for children with rapid myopia progression – so investigators based in Singapore decided to see if they could somehow slow the development of myopia pharmacologically.

To do so, they turned to a drug first isolated from deadly nightshade: atropine. The drug has been shown to inhibit the axial growth of the eye (3), directly combating the development of myopia. But when given at high concentrations, atropine can have unpleasant side effects such as blurry, light-sensitive vision (resulting from pupil dilation), allergic conjunctivitis and dermatitis (4). In an effort to avoid these consequences, the researchers investigated the potential of low-dose atropine to slow the progression of myopia while (hopefully) minimizing side effects (5). The ATOM2 study began in 2006, with 400 children aged between six and 12 years being randomly assigned to receive a once-nightly atropine dose of either 0.5, 0.1 or 0.01% in a 2:2:1 ratio for a period of 24 months, after which atropine treatment was halted and children were monitored for a further 12 months. Children whose myopia progressed by -0.5 D or more during this washout period were restarted on atropine 0.01% for a further 24 months.