Two generations removed from the Holocaust, a rising specter of anti-Semitism is once again haunting Europe.

The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) just issued a ruling discriminating against Jewish businesses in Israel. The case was brought by Psâgot Winery, a historic vineyard, and maker of Israeli wine. The decision, however, has implications far beyond the vine.

The court declared that EU law requires that derogatory labels be placed on products made by Jews in disputed Israeli territories. In fact, per the CJEU, any consumer's “ethical considerations” — whether political, social, economic, or environmental — also necessitate labeling. Europe has opened up a Pandora’s Box of politicized product labeling and unleashed unintended consequences that could wreak havoc on international trade.

Back in 2015, a small group of European Foreign Ministers proposed that imported products made by Israelis in the West Bank, Golan Heights, or East Jerusalem require distinct labels to indicate they were produced in Israeli “colonies” or “settlements.” Under the guise of consumer protection, they proposed that Psâgot, which is located on a site where Jews have been growing grapes and making wine for thousands of years, stamp a humiliating and historically inaccurate disclaimer onto every bottle. The Lawfare Project, a legal think tank, helped Psâgot challenge this discriminatory policy.

Now that the court has decided that EU law does indeed require such labeling, they have effectively mandated discrimination. The law now treats Jewish-owned and Muslim-owned businesses differently, even if they operate in the same geographic location. While such religious discrimination may be easy to enforce in the West Bank, where Muslims and Jews are relatively segregated, it will present quite the challenge in Jerusalem and the Golan Heights, where there are no defined “settlements.” Compliance with the court’s decision would require some sort of ethnic or religious census of business owners in order to determine how products should be labeled.

Intentional or not, the court just established a precedent and legal framework for new labeling requirements on products from all over the world. The decision allows any consumer to object to the labeling of any country's exports based on any "ethical consideration" whatsoever.

Anyone can now demand that oil produced in Iran be labeled to indicate that the Islamic Republic executes homosexuals. Goods produced in China could be made to note that the People’s Republic violently suppresses pro-democracy activists in Hong Kong. Imports from the United States might have to disclaim whether the manufacturer supports President Trump. At least one lawsuit has already been filed by a consumer protection association in France, demanding that the court enforce labeling of Iranian, Chinese, U.S., and even some French products, pursuant to the astonishingly expansive "ethical considerations" mandate.

Unless the EU amends the underlying trade regulations, European countries that have the unenviable task of enforcing this decision will now be faced with two choices: equal treatment under the law, or overt antisemitism. With the former, the door will be opened to unpredictable and chaotic politicized labeling. The second option, wherein only Israeli products area affected, satisfies the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) definition of anti-Semitism, according to which a contemporary example is "[a]pplying double standards by requiring of [Israel] a behavior not expected or demanded of any other democratic nation."

Psâgot's legal action will now be remanded to France, where we will argue, on the basis of French anti-discrimination law, against applying the requirements exclusively to Israel. We are committed to challenging enforcement in every country and every locality that attempts to discriminate on the basis of ethnicity or religion.

It gives rise to painful historic parallels when Europeans force Jews to identify themselves and their products with distinct markings. The CJEU’s decision essentially states that European law requires Israelis to pin yellow stars to make it easier to identify themselves and their products. The symbolism is not lost on anyone.

Eighty-one years ago this week, Europe embarked on one of the darkest chapters in its history with Kristallnacht, the "Night of Broken Glass." Now, European ministers of trade, finance, and justice have to decide whether they want to begin on yet another dark path. We’ll soon learn just how much economic uncertainty they are willing to stomach in order to bring back yellow stars for the Jews.

Brooke Goldstein is Executive Director of The Lawfare Project, and Yaakov Berg is CEO of Psâgot Winery.