A U.S. Air Force B-52H Stratofortress Master Sgt. Lance Cheung | U.S. Air Force

WASHINGTON — The U.S. Air Force successfully flight-tested a hypersonic weapon from a B-52 Stratofortress bomber, defense giant Lockheed Martin announced Monday. A hypersonic weapon is a missile that travels at Mach 5 or higher, which is at least five times faster than the speed of sound. That means a hypersonic weapon can travel about one mile per second. In August, the Pentagon awarded Lockheed Martin its second multimillion-dollar contract to develop the AGM-183A Air-Launched Rapid Response Weapon, or ARRW, hypersonic missile. The Air Force said the ARRW system will stand for more ground and flight testing over the next three years. The hypersonic missile is expected to be completed by 2022. The "captive carry flight test" evaluates the mock weapon during flight and is the Air Force's latest step in developing a defense amid the budding hypersonic arms race between China and Russia.

The sprint for hypersonic arms

As it stands, the U.S. currently does not have a defense against hypersonic arms, a breed of weapon that both Russia and China are developing. A little more than a year ago, Russian President Vladimir Putin touted his nation's growing hypersonic arsenal. Of the six new weapons Putin unveiled last March, CNBC learned that two of them, a hypersonic glide vehicle and air-launched cruise missile, will be ready for war by 2020. Moscow's hypersonic glide vehicle, dubbed Avangard, has been in development for three decades and is designed to sit atop an intercontinental ballistic missile. Once launched, it uses aerodynamic forces to sail on top of the atmosphere. The air-launched cruise missile dubbed "Kinzhal," which means "dagger" in Russian, has been tested at least three times and was mounted and launched 12 times from a Russian MiG-31 fighter jet. Meanwhile, in August, China announced the first successful testing of a hypersonic aircraft, a feat the U.S. has yet to accomplish. When asked about China's sprint to deploy hypersonics, the Pentagon's top engineer described Beijing's efforts as "much more thoughtful" compared with Moscow's developments.

"The Chinese have been much more thoughtful in their systems development because they are developing long-range tactical precision-guided systems that will be really influential in a conventional fight," Michael Griffin, a former NASA administrator, said in a previous interview. "The Chinese ability to hold our forward deployed assets at risk with very high speed and very hard to intercept precision-guided systems is something to which we have to respond," he added. Turning to Russia, Griffin noted that Moscow's intercontinental ballistic missiles, or ICBMs, pose a greater threat to the U.S. than the hypersonic weapons that Putin purports to have.

Lockheed playing in its home court

Concept art of a Lockheed Martin SR-72. Source: Lockheed Martin

Last April, Lockheed Martin secured a $928 million contract to build an undefined number of hypersonic conventional strike weapons. According to the contract, the defense giant will be responsible for designing, engineering, weapon integration and logistical support. The development will take place in Huntsville, Alabama, which is known as "Rocket City" as it was the birthplace of America's rocket program. What's more, Lockheed Martin is in the process of developing the SR-72, a hypersonic unmanned plane dubbed the "son of the Blackbird." When it comes to developing a high-speed reconnaissance aircraft, the Pentagon's top weapons supplier is playing in its home court.