Even to the casual observer, the symbolism of Narendra Modi’s visit to Israel this week was hard to miss. But the visit also reflects deep changes in India’s domestic politics. Traditional opponents of a closer India-Israel relationship have lost in the court of public opinion.

Mr. Modi’s three days in Israel, the first visit ever to the Jewish state by an Indian prime minister, unfolded as a series of carefully choreographed photo-ops designed to emphasize the warmth that exists between New Delhi and Jerusalem. Accompanied...