Who was the Pariah for the longest?

In the pre-modern age, Michael Servetus holds that sad trophy. It took 466 years for his theories about pulmonary circulation to be confirmed.

From the 19th century+, Alfred Wegener spent the longest in the wilderness. 68 years of intellectual exile after he claimed (rightly) that the continents drift around the Earth over unimaginable lengths of deep time. Sadly he died aged 50, not living to see his theories widely accepted.

Of those that survived heretical exile, J Harlen Bretz spent the longest – over 56 – banished. He was an incredible 97 when his “outrageous” theories about geological formations were accepted. And lived for a further two years, on the mountain top, basking in the glory.

Most Years of Glory

Talking about glory, who got to enjoy stainless told-you-so-check-ma-Nobel-mofos vindication high for the longest time?

Probably Alice Catherine Evans. She clocked that pasteurisation of milk would reduce human infections. She was 49 when finally vindicated, after 13 years in the fridge. She then lived until the grand old age of 94. Toasting her previous nay-sayers daily with a big cold glass of full-fat. We toast you too, Alice.