Federal environment Minister Greg Hunt has approved the controversial Adani Carmichael coal mine and rail project in Queensland.

The approval comes with 36 conditions.

They include accepting advice from the independent expert scientific committee, protection of 31,000 hectares of southern black throated finch habitat, $1 million of funding for research into threatened species and protection of Doongmabulla Springs.

"The rigorous conditions will protect threatened species and provide long-term benefits for the environment through the development of an offset package," Mr Hunt said in a statement on Thursday.

"These measures must be approved by myself before mining can start."

Twenty-three conditions have been attached to the rail project.

An earlier approval by Mr Hunt was set aside by the Federal Court in August after the government conceded it had made a technical error.

Adani has welcomed the latest approval, saying the mine was at the heart of its plans to build a long-term future in Queensland.