A radical poem written by Percy Bysshe Shelley when he was just 18 years old can now be read in full despite having been kept under lock and key for the last 204 years.

The 172 line poem by the romantic poet expresses his outrage at the government, the Napoleonic war and the state of poverty in Britain among other things.

All copies were believed to have been destroyed after Shelley was kicked out of Oxford University - where he was an undergraduate — not long after it was written.

However, it turns out that Shelley gave one copy of the poem, which was published as a 10-page pamphlet, to his cousin Pilfold Medwin who took it to Italy.

It remained in a family collection for nearly two centuries before being bought in 2006 by an enthusiast who kept its contents firmly hidden and only allowed a handful of academics access.

Now the poem is set to go on public display back in Oxford where it was written, at the world famous Bodleian Library, where it will become the 12 millionth printed book in the collection.

Books tour: the Bodleian Library in Oxford is among the attractions on Heritage Open Days (Getty Images)

The booklet, which was accompanied by an essay, was printed in 1811 by a stationers on Oxford High Street. It doesn’t carry Shelley’s name having been published under the alias “a gentleman of the University of Oxford”, and was only attributed to him 50 years after his death.

Publication today is expected to “rewrite” the romantic poet’s biography.

Poetical Essay on The Existing State of Things by Percy Bysshe Shelley

DESTRUCTION marks thee! o’er the blood-stain’d heath

Is faintly borne the stifled wail of death;

Millions to fight compell’d, to fight or die

In mangled heaps on War's red altar lie.

The sternly wise, the mildly good, have sped

To the unfruitful mansions of the dead.

Whilst fell Ambition o’er the wasted plain

Triumphant guides his car—the ensanguin’d rein

Glory directs; fierce brooding o’er the scene,

With hatred glance, with dire unbending mien,

Fell Despotism sits by the red glare

Of Discord’s torch, kindling the flames of war.

For thee then does the Muse her sweetest lay

Pour ’mid the shrieks of war, ’mid dire dismay;

For thee does Fame’s obstrep’rous clarion rise,

Does Praise’s voice raise meanness to the skies.

Are we then sunk so deep in darkest gloom,

That selfish pride can virtue’s garb assume?

Does real greatness in false splendour live?

When narrow views the futile mind deceive,

When thirst of wealth, or frantic rage for fame,

Lights for awhile self-interest’s little flame,

When legal murders swell the lists of pride;

When glory’s views the titled idiot guide,

Then will oppression’s iron influence show

The great man’s comfort as the poor man’s woe.

Is’t not enough that splendour’s useless glare,

Real grandeur’s bane, must mock the poor man’s stare;

Is’t not enough that luxury’s varied power

Must cheat the rich parader’s irksome hour,

While what they want not, what they yet retain,

Adds tenfold grief, more anguished throbs of pain

To each unnumbered, unrecorded woe,

Which bids the bitterest tear of want to ﬂow;

But that the comfort, which despotic sway

Has yet allowed, stern War must tear away.

Ye cold advisers of yet colder kings,

To whose fell breast no passion virtue brings,

Who scheme, regardless of the poor man’s pang,

Who coolly sharpen misery’s sharpest fang,

Yourselves secure. Your’s is the power to breathe

O’er all the world the infectious blast of death,

To snatch at fame, to reap red murder’s spoil,

Receive the injured with a courtier’s smile,

Make a tired nation bless the oppressor’s name,

And for injustice snatch the meed of fame.

Were fetters made for anguish, for despair?

Must starving wretches torment, misery bear?

Who, mad with grief, have snatched from grandeur’s store,

What grandeur’s hand had snatched from them before.

Yet shall the vices of the great pass on,

Vices as glaring as the noon-day sun,

Shall rank corruption pass unheeded by,

Shall ﬂattery’s voice ascend the wearied sky;

And shall no patriot tear the veil away

Which hides these vices from the face of day?

Is public virtue dead?—is courage gone?

Bows its fair form at fell oppression’s throne?

Yes! it’s torn away—the crimes appear,

Expiring Freedom asks a parting tear,

A powerful hand unrolls the guilt-stain’d veil,

A powerful voice ﬂoats on the tainted gale,

Rising corruption’s error from beneath,

A shape of glory checks the course of death;

It spreads its shield o’er freedom’s prostrate form,

Its glance disperses envy’s gathering storm;

No trophied bust need tell thy sainted name,

No herald blazon to the world thy fame,

Nor scrolls essay an endless meed to give;

In grateful memory still thy deeds must live.

No sculptured marble shall be raised to thee,

The hearts of England will thy memoirs be.

To thee the Muse attunes no venal lyre,

No thirsts of gold the vocal lays inspire;

No interests plead, no ﬁery passions swell;

Whilst to thy praise she wakes her feeble shell,

She need not speak it, for the pen of fame

On every heart has written BURDETT’S name;

For thou art he, who dared in tumult’s hour,

Dauntless thy tide of eloquence to pour;

Who, fearless, stemmed stern Despotism’s source,

Who traced Oppression to its foulest course;

Who bade Ambition tremble on its throne—

How could I virtue name, how yet pass on

Thy name!—though fruitless thy divine essay,

Though vain thy war against fell power’s array,

Thou taintless emanation from the sky!

Thou purest spark of ﬁres which never die!

Yet let me pause, yet turn aside to weep

Where virtue, genius, wit, with Franklin sleep;

To bend in mute affliction o’er the grave

Where lies the great, the virtuous, and the brave;

Still let us hope in Heaven (for Heaven there is)

That sainted spirit tastes ethereal bliss,

That sainted spirit the reward receives,

Which endless goodness to its votary gives.

Thine be the meed to purest virtue due—

Alas! the prospect closes to the view.

Visions of horror croud upon my sight,

They shed around their forms substantial night.

Oppressors’ venal minions! hence, avaunt!

Think not the soul of Patriotism to daunt;

Though hot with gore from India’s wasted plains,

Some Chief, in triumph, guides the tightened reins;

Though disembodied from this mortal coil,

Pitt lends to each smooth rogue a courtier’s smile;

Yet does not that severer frown withhold,

Which, though impervious to the power of gold,

Could daunt the injured wretch, could turn the poor

Unheard, unnoticed, from the statesman’s door

This is the spirit which can reckless tell

The fatal trump of useless war to swell;

Can bid Fame’s loudest voice awake his praise,

Can boldly snatch the honorary bays.

Gifts to reward a ruthless, murderous deed,

A crime for which some poorer rogue must bleed.

Is this then justice?—stretch thy powerful arm,

Patriot, dissolve the frigorific charm,

Awake thy loudest thunder, dash the brand

Of stern Oppression from the Tyrant’s hand;

Let reason mount the Despot’s mouldering throne,

And bid an injured nation cease to moan.

Why then, since justice petty crimes can thrall,

Should not its power extend to each, to all?

If he who murders one to death is due,

Should not the great destroyer perish too?

The wretch beneath whose inﬂuence millions bleed?

And yet encomium is the villain’s meed.

His crime the smooth-tongued flatterers conquest name,

Loud in his praises swell the notes of Fame.

Oblivion marks the murdering poor man’s tomb,

Brood o’er his memory contempt and gloom;

His crimes are blazoned in deformed array,

His virtues sink, they fade for aye away.

Snatch then the sword from nerveless virtue’s hand,

Boldly grasp native jurisdiction’s brand;

For justice, poisoned at its source, must yield

The power to each its shivered sword to wield,

To dash oppression from the throne of vice,

To nip the buds of slavery as they rise.

Does jurisprudence slighter crimes restrain,

And seek their vices to controul in vain?

Kings are but men, if thirst of meanest sway

Has not that title even snatched away.—

The fainting Indian, on his native plains,

Writhes to superior power’s unnumbered pains;

The Asian, in the blushing face of day,

His wife, his child, sees sternly torn away;

Yet dares not to revenge, while war’s dread roar

Floats, in long echoing, on the blood-stain’d shore.

In Europe too wild ruin rushes fast:

See! like a meteor on the midnight blast,

Or evil spirit brooding over gore,

Napoleon calm can war, can misery pour.

May curses blast thee; and in thee the breed

Which forces, which compels, a world to bleed;

May that destruction, which ’tis thine to spread,

Descend with ten-fold fury on thy head.

Oh! may the death, which marks thy fell career,

In thine own heart’s blood bathe the empoisoned spear;

May long remorse protract thy latest groan,

Then shall Oppression tremble on its throne.

Yet this alone were vain; Freedom requires

A torch more bright to light its fading ﬁres;

Man must assert his native rights, must say

We take from Monarchs’ hand the granted sway;

Oppressive law no more shall power retain,

Peace, love, and concord, once shall rule again,

And heal the anguish of a suffering world;

Then, then shall things, which now confusedly hurled,

Seem Chaos, be resolved to order’s sway,