WASHINGTON — New Jersey residents got back just 82 cents for every $1 paid to Washington in 2017, according to a new report.

That means federal tax dollars paid by the residents of New Jersey and nine other states subsidize states across the nation.

And that was before President Donald Trump signed legislation limiting how much in property and income taxes they could deduct from their federal taxes each year.

The second annual study by the State University of New York’s Rockefeller Institute of Government, released Tuesday, found that New Jersey taxpayers fared worse than residents of almost every other state.

Only Connecticut, at 74 cents, received less on a per person basis. And only New York, with $35.6 billion, had a bigger gap than New Jersey’s $21.3 billion when it comes to how much money went to Washington versus how much state residents got back.

Since then, Trump and congressional Republicans enacted a tax law that capped the federal deduction for state and local taxes, a mainstay of the Internal Revenue Service code since the first income tax, at $10,000.

“What the report makes clear is just how much money these moocher states are stealing from our pockets,” said Rep. Josh Gottheimer, D-5th Dist.

“The tax hike bill jammed onto states like ours last year only made it worse. We basically handed another bag of cash to the robber.”

It remains too early to tell whether the tax law will reduce or increase the gap between the money New Jersey and other states send to Washington and the amount they get back, said Laura Schultz, the Rockefeller Institute’s director of fiscal analysis and senior economist. Next year’s report will reflect the changes in the tax law, she said.

“While that SALT deduction is capped, high-income tax rates are going down," Schultz said. "We won’t know until the data is out what the impact will be.”

The tax law, which increased the federal deficit by $1.9 trillion over 10 years and gave most of its benefits to corporations and wealthy Americans, was so unpopular that Republicans lost 40 House seats in November and their majority.

Still, the tax law increased the share of personal income taxes paid by residents of New Jersey and five other states, New York, California, Connecticut, Maryland and Massachusetts, according to the progressive Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy.

Both the White House and GOP lawmakers falsely claimed that the state and local tax break was a subsidy for New Jersey and other high-tax states. In actuality, most of the affected states sent billions of more to Washington than they received in services.

New Jersey fared better than in the initial Rockefeller report. The state was ranked 50th, receiving just 74 cents back for every $1 paid in federal taxes in 2015. The Garden State’s $31 billion gap between taxes paid and funds received was second only to New York at $48 billion.

That doesn’t change the fact that New Jersey was one of only 10 states that sent more money to Washington than they received in services, subsidizing 39 others. The 50th state, California broke even, according to the report.

“High-income states are the ones that are subsidizing the federal budget,” said Michelle Cummings, a fiscal policy analyst at the Rockefeller Institute.

The legislation increased the federal deficit by $1.9 trillion over 10 years and gave most of its benefits to corporations and wealthy Americans. It was so unpopular that it contributed to Republicans losing 40 House seats in November and their majority.

In New Jersey, Democrats won four of five Republican-held congressional districts and ousted Rep. Tom MacArthur, R-3rd Dist., the only Garden State lawmaker of either party to vote for the tax legislation.

Even so, House Republican Conference Chairman Liz Cheney of Wyoming, nominating GOP Leader Kevin McCarthy for speaker, praised his role in passing the tax bill, saying, “We know that the American people know better than the government how to spend their money.”

Lawmakers from states subsidized by taxpayers from New Jersey, New York and others were the ones pushing hardest for the measure.

For example, residents of Kentucky, home of Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, received $2.35 back for every $1 in taxes, the biggest subsidy in the country. McConnell pushed through the tax bill with no hearings and little discussion under a parliamentary maneuver that prevented a Senate filibuster and cut Democrats out of the debate.

McConnell’s office did not respond to requests for comment. Nor did the House Republican conference.

West Virginia taxpayers received $2.13 for every $1 in federal taxes paid, the fourth highest. U.S. Sen. Shelley Moore Capito, R-W. Va., sponsored a measure to remove the federal deduction for state and local taxes altogether. While the provision passed the Senate on a party-line vote, congressional negotiators later agreed to the $10,000 cap in order to attract enough Republican lawmakers from high-tax states to pass the legislation.

Gottheimer said the report can only help efforts to restore the full deduction for state and local taxes, as House Democrats plan to propose in the new Congress as their price for supporting tax changes that Republicans want.

“This is just further evidence of what we’ve been talking about,” Gottheimer said. “This is going to help us build our case before Congress and before the people.”

Jonathan D. Salant may be reached at jsalant@njadvancemedia.com. Follow him on Twitter @JDSalant or on Facebook. Find NJ.com Politics on Facebook.