Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption The dead firefighters were identified as members of the Granite Mountain Hotshots crew

At least 19 US firefighters have been killed battling a wildfire in central Arizona, local officials say.

They died while fighting the blaze threatening the town of Yarnell, about 80 miles (130km) north-west of Phoenix.

The fire was started by lightning on Friday and has spread rapidly to 2,000 acres (800 ha) amid high heat, low humidity and strong winds.

Arizona and other parts of the western US - including California - had near-record temperatures over the weekend.

It is the highest death toll for firefighters in a single incident since 9/11.

Image caption The dead firefighters were identified as members of the Granite Mountain Hotshots crew, shown here in an undated photograph

"We are heartbroken about what happened," US President Barack Obama said in a press conference in Tanzania on Monday. Earlier he called the deceased firefighters heroes.

Arizona Senator John McCain said the families of the dead firefighters were in the thoughts and prayers of all Americans.

"This devastating loss is a reminder of the grave risks our firefighters take every day on our behalf in Arizona and in communities across this nation. Their sacrifice will never be forgotten," he said in a statement.

'Hotshots'

Analysis Fires in the US have increased four-fold over the previous 15 years, according to a 2006 study published in Nature. More alarmingly, the average size of fires increased six-fold. The reason is a deadly combination: a drier climate, the rapid growth in people choosing to live in forested areas in the western US, and less management of forests - partly because of cuts in federal funding. All this coupled with the spread of mountain pine beetle, which has killed millions of trees, is turning America's forests into tinderboxes. Apart from the fires, there's now growing concern about heatwaves' effect on health. At these temperatures it's not just the elderly and ill that are at risk. Young healthy individuals are also more likely to have heart and breathing problems - and experience suggests that it's possible that hundreds may die if the stifling conditions are sustained.

Arizona Governor Jan Brewer said it could take "days or longer" to reveal how the deaths occurred.

"This is as dark a day as I can remember," she said.

The Prescott, Arizona, fire department has confirmed to the BBC that 19 of its firefighters were killed in the blaze.

The dead firefighters have been identified as members of an elite unit called the Granite Mountain Hotshots.

The crew had battled other wildfires in New Mexico and Arizona in recent weeks, officials say.

They were forced to deploy emergency tent-like structures meant to shield them from flames after becoming trapped and "something drastic" happened, said Prescott Fire Chief Dan Fraijo.

"One of the last fail-safe methods a firefighter can do is literally to dig as much as they can down and cover themselves with a protective fire-resistant material, with the hope that the fire will burn over the top of them and they can survive it," he said.

US wildfire tragedies 3 Oct 1933: At least 25 firemen killed at a blaze in Griffith Park, Los Angeles

At least 25 firemen killed at a blaze in Griffith Park, Los Angeles 21 Aug 1937: Fifteen firefighters die in Blackwater fire in Shoshone National Forest, Wyoming

Fifteen firefighters die in Blackwater fire in Shoshone National Forest, Wyoming 5 Aug 1949: Twelve parachute firefighters and a forest ranger killed by Mann Gulch fire near Helena, in the state of Montana

Twelve parachute firefighters and a forest ranger killed by Mann Gulch fire near Helena, in the state of Montana 9 July 1953: Rattlesnake fire in Mendocino National Forest, southern California, kills 15 firefighters

Rattlesnake fire in Mendocino National Forest, southern California, kills 15 firefighters 6 July 1994: Fourteen firefighters killed in lightning-induced Storm King Mountain blaze near Glenwood Springs, Colorado Source: US National Fire Protection Association

"Under certain conditions there's usually only sometimes a 50% chance that they survive. It's an extreme measure that's taken under the absolute worst conditions."

Dwight Devlin from the Arizona Sheriff's Office told the BBC that the firefighters were carrying fire blankets but they were ineffective in this case.

"Some were actually found with those blankets over them but unfortunately it appears the flames and the heat were too much," he said.

Mr Devlin added that they were on their way on foot to an area where they had been directed to clear brush to prevent the spread of the fire.

The tragedy is the worst in a wildfire since 1933, when at least 25 firemen died battling a fire in Griffith Park, Los Angeles.

Homes destroyed

Some 250 firefighters are still battling the fast-moving wildfire. In total, 18 specialist hotshot crews are being deployed.

Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption Fire chief Dan Fraijo: "They were the finest most dedicated people"

The blaze has forced the evacuation of residents.

An estimated 200 homes were destroyed in Yarnell, the Associated Press reported, about half the properties in the town.

In recent days, dozens of people across western US states have been treated for exhaustion and dehydration, as the heatwave continues.

Temperatures in some areas were expected to reach 54C (130F), close to the world's all-time high recorded 100 years ago in California's Death Valley.

How wildfires spread

A fire needs fuel, oxygen and heat to burn. The fire threatening the town of Yarnell was started by lightning and spread rapidly in the very hot, dry conditions, fanned by strong winds

The fastest-moving and most dangerous part of the fire is known as the "head". Areas ahead of the fire are warmed as it approaches and flying embers blown by the wind spark spot fires, which cause it to leap further ahead

Some vegetation or fuel will burn quicker than others and this creates "fingers" of flame which, in turn, create pockets of land surrounded by fire, making it harder to tackle