China will encourage ships flying its flag to take the Northwest Passage via the Arctic Ocean, a route opened up by global warming, to cut travel times between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, a state-run newspaper said on Wednesday.

China is increasingly active in the polar region, becoming one of the biggest mining investors in Greenland and agreeing a free trade deal with Iceland. In 2013, the Arctic Council admitted emerging powers China and India as observers. Shorter shipping routes across the Arctic Ocean would save Chinese companies time and money.

For example, the journey from Shanghai to Hamburg via the Arctic route is 2,800 nautical miles shorter than going by the Suez canal. China's Maritime Safety Administration in April released a 356-page guide in Chinese offering detailed route guidance from the northern coast of North America to the northern Pacific, the China Daily said.

"Once this route is commonly used, it will directly change global maritime transport and have a profound influence on international trade, the world economy, capital flow and resource exploitation," ministry spokesman Liu Pengfei was quoted as saying. Chinese ships will sail through the Northwest Passage "in the future", Liu added, without giving a timeframe. The route would also be strategically important to China, another ministry official, Wu Yuxiao, told the paper.

"Many countries have noticed the financial and strategic value of Arctic Ocean passages. China has also paid much attention," Wu said. He pointed to risks, such as lack of infrastructure and possible damage by ice and unpredictable weather. "As sea ice has declined due to global warming, Arctic navigation has increasing possibilities. That's why we need guidance for ships with the Chinese flag."

Melting sea ice has spurred more commercial traffic and China has sought to become more active in the Arctic, where it has said it has important interests. Chinese ships, even merchant vessels, using the Northwest Passage could raise eyebrows in Washington. In September, five Chinese Navy ships sailed in international waters in the Bering Sea off Alaska, in an apparent first for China's military at a time when US President Barack Obama toured the US state.