Framing Effect

The framing effect is a cognitive bias of which people come to different conclusions based on the way something is presented. The media can use the framing effect by presenting news in a different manner, changing how people come to conclusions after reading a certain segment of news.

Confirmation Bias

The confirmation bias the tendency to search, favour, and recall information that supports one’s beliefs & opinions. The media can filter out the news they want to report, and as a result, this could affect the information that people listen to and the information that they ignore.

Availability Heuristic

Availability heuristic is a mental shortcut of which one relies on immediate examples to come to certain conclusions. The media could portray a certain image repetitively over time, and as a result, whenever someone may think of a team, they might immediately assume that team is good or bad.