Even in a city as traditionally turbulent as Paris, recent scenes of police violence have been exceptionally shocking. Victims over the past few weeks have ranged from journalists and students to environmentalists and asylum seekers.

No matter what their background, or political persuasion, all have been viewed as legitimate targets for heavily armed paramilitaries trained to deal with any perceived threat to order with extreme brutality. These specialist riot control officers – and there are thousands of them – consider summer as a time when every type of undesirable takes to the streets, and they see nothing wrong with imposing their authority as harshly as possible.

The sheer horror of the situation was made abundantly clear on the Champs-Elysees last week where – as usual – the catalyst for much social disorder was France’s forces of law and order using chemical weapons on their own citizens.

Videos shot on the most famous avenue in the country show young children struggling to get away from clouds of fumes created by teargas that is banned in warzones. Astonishing as it may sound, French police are allowed to use substances designed to burn eyes, mouths and lungs against ordinary civilians, but, because of international treaties, soldiers up against genuine enemies are not.

The International Committee of the Red Cross first made battlefield chemical and biological weapons illegal after French forces launched 22mm grenades full of lachrymator ethyl bromoacetate at the Germans during the First World War, but failed to extend this prohibition to domestic forces.

A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests Show all 20 1 /20 A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests “Come With Us”: a woman in support of the gilets jaunes holds a placard in Place de la Bastille square in Paris Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests A man stands by Place de la République with a photo of a wounded protester around his neck Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests “No to Marine No to Macron! Power to the People”: graffiti on a side wall on the way to Place de la République Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests A woman covered in fake blood stands in memory of those wounded by police violence during the gilets jaunes protests Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests A volunteer first aid team marches with the gilets jaunes towards Place de la Bastille Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests A woman attaches a placard to her jacket with two photos depicting recent violent clashes with the police Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests “Generation Sacrifice – Power to the Yellow Vests family”: a gilets jaunes protester holds placards in Place de la Bastille Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests A gilets jaunes protester covers his eye with a bandage in support of Jerome Rodrigues, who was hit in the eye by police and severely wounded Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests A woman holds a placard in support of the gilets jaunes march and the right to protest freely Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests A man in Place de la Bastille holds a placard in memory of those killed during the gilets jaunes demonstrations. The movement launched protests on 17 November 2018 against rising fuel prices and a planned fuel tax Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests A man stands in Place de la République with a bandage covering his eye calling for an end to the use of LBD flashballs by the police Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests “Who will protect us from the police?”: a banner hangs near Place de la République Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests A gilets jaunes protester marches with a banner calling for an end to the use of flash balls by the police Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests A placard in Place de la Bastille that reads: “What makes us angry? Contempt, lies, injustice and violence” Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests “Without a way, without a voice, without a roof, without a law, without him”: A gilets jaunes protester holds his placard in Place de la Bastille Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests A protester wears a yellow vest with the dates of gilets jaunes marches written on the back Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests “Stop the weapons that mutilate”: a gilets jaunes protester holds a placard denouncing police violence Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests Crowds gather in Place de la République for the gilets jaunes ACT XII “Great March of the Wounded” Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests A woman holds a placard in support of the change the gilets jaunes are fighting for Angela Christofilou A first-hand look inside the gilets jaunes protests A man marches towards Place de la République holding a placard against the use of grenades by the police at protests Angela Christofilou

Hundreds of canisters rained down on thousands of men, women and children who were celebrating the Algeria national football team progressing towards the final of the Africa Cup of Nations, and indeed after winning it on Friday night. Among them were families with toddlers in pushchairs.

Others included the kind of young men of north African appearance whom the French police, and especially those in Paris, tend to despise. There have been countless confrontations over recent decades, most of them relating to Algeria’s war of independence from France, which ended in victory in 1962. Domestic atrocities linked to the conflict involved Algerian protesters being tortured, beaten to death and drowned in the River Seine by city police.

Post-colonial tensions between a vast Algerian diaspora living in cities such as Paris and Marseille have by no means disappeared, and there is no doubt that sports victories can bring out a thuggish tendency, just as happens when teams such as France or Paris Saint-Germain win key games.

None of this justifies pouring gas into overwhelmingly peaceful crowds of innocent people, however. I heard the screams of those caught in the worst melees, including the crying boys and girls who were vomiting and shaking with fear as the fumes spread. It was a balmy evening, and there was next to no hiding place on the Champs-Elysees itself.

As the number of gas projectiles increased, many of the teenage fans ended up in side streets, where looting and vandalism took place. This is a classic pattern I have recorded while covering numerous riots in Paris, not least of all those involving the gilets jaunes anti-government movement who have caused millions of euros worth of damage in the capital alone. Again, the trouble is absolutely inexcusable, but the contribution of the gas towards already highly fraught situations is undeniable.

Children run after tear gas is used on crowds in Paris

Despite all this, it was only the English-language media that reported on the gassing of children. French media was instead full of erroneous claims. No, an Algerian football fan was categorically not responsible for a tragic road traffic accident in the southern city of Montpellier in which a young mother died.

Incidents were also hyped up by the usual hypocritical far-right rabble rousers. Marine Le Pen, leader of the National Rally – a party founded as the National Front by racist ultra-nationalists infuriated by the loss of Algeria – called for a ban on football fans on the Champs-Elysees after actively encouraging the far more destructive and violent gilets jaunes to gather there.

When I first reported on the increasingly scandalous use of gas by Paris police in December, Aurélie Bonal, the chief spokesperson at the French embassy in London, took to Twitter to deny teargas was a chemical weapon. Despite all the scientific and legal evidence to the contrary, she said it was unethical to describe it as such.

Support free-thinking journalism and attend Independent events

Beyond a mother desperately trying to protect her offspring from the vile effects of these chemical weapons, other films that have been widely circulated since then are of Paris riot police spraying peaceful and stationary environmental demonstrators as if they were insects.

A particularly disturbing extract of the footage shows a burly officer illegally ripping off a protester’s sunglasses and goggles, so ensuring that his eyes had no protection from the chemicals. More than five litres of gas were used in less than 30 minutes, and the commander in charge was among those who fainted as he suffered suffocation on the Sully Bridge, according to a police report.