At 11:02 a.m. on Aug. 9, 1945, a five-ton plutoni­um bomb ex­ploded above Na­ga­saki, Ja­pan, killing 70,000. Three days pri­or, the world’s first atom­ic bomb killed 140,000 people in Hiroshi­ma.

Many sur­viv­ors have suffered last­ing ef­fects from the ra­di­ation.

The front page of The Times on Aug. 10 noted a “pall rising 20,000 feet.” In head­lines and news stor­ies dur­ing World War II, The Times fre­quently de­scribed Ja­pan and its people in of­fens­ive lan­guage that the pa­per would not use today.