Valuing Thinly-Traded Assets

NBER Working Paper No. 20589

Issued in October 2014

NBER Program(s):Asset Pricing



We model illiquidity as a restriction on the stopping rules investors can follow in selling assets, and apply this framework to the valuation of thinly-traded investments. We find that discounts for illiquidity can be surprisingly large, approaching 30 to 50 percent in some cases. Immediacy plays a unique role and is valued much more than ongoing liquidity. We show that investors in illiquid enterprises have strong incentives to increase dividends and other cash payouts, thereby introducing potential agency conflicts. We also find that illiquidity and volatility are fundamentally entangled in their effects on asset prices. This aspect may help explain why some assets are viewed as inherently more liquid than others and why liquidity concerns are heightened during financial crises.

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Document Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3386/w20589

Published: Valuing Thinly Traded Assets Francis A. Longstaff Management Science , Articles in Advance

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