http2 explained describes the protocol HTTP/2 at a technical and protocol level. Background, the protocol, the implementations and the future. Written by Daniel Stenberg.

This is a "living document" in the sense that I keep posting updates, and I care about and value feedback, questions and comments I get about it. This document improves over time thanks to a joint effort. Full credits to all helpers at the end of the document.

This document has been downloaded more than 200,000 times and has been given praise widely. Give it a shot! It is provided free of charge under a Creative Commons license.

It is being provided in both PDF and web versions.

Translations

All the translations are offered if you click the image on the right:

Chinese by Calvin Zhang and Simon Xia

by Calvin Zhang and Simon Xia English by Daniel Stenberg (original version)

by Daniel Stenberg (original version) French by Olivier Cahagne

by Olivier Cahagne Italian by Massimiliano Fantuzzi

by Massimiliano Fantuzzi Japanese by Tatsuhiro Tsujikawa

by Tatsuhiro Tsujikawa Persian by Ehsaan

by Ehsaan Portuguese by Bruno Lellis and Filipe Boleto

by Bruno Lellis and Filipe Boleto Russian by Vladimir Lettiev

by Vladimir Lettiev Spanish by Javier Infante

by Javier Infante Swedish by Daniel Stenberg

by Daniel Stenberg Turkish by Zeynep Sanliturk

All translations are of course also subject to bug fixes and improvements!

Help out!

Comment on, add sections, fix typos or correct errors in this document! Submit an issue or a pull-request, or just email daniel-http2@haxx.se.

Source

The full document is available on github.

Network capture samples

h2-14-plain-nghttp2.pcapng is a Wireshark capture of curl talking http2 draft-14 in plain text with nghttp2.org.

h2-akamai.zip is a 949KB zip with a bundled SSL key. It is a full stream showing Firefox downloading around 380 different images from the Akamai HTTP/2 demo, thus over HTTPS.

Get Wireshark 2.0 to dissect HTTP/2 frames.

If you have more and better sample stream captures, please send them my way!