Over a billion personal data records were compromised by cyberattacks in 2014, a new report has revealed, driven by high-profile breaches on Home Depot, JPMorgan and eBay. The 1,023,108,267 records breached in 2014 came from just 1,541 incidents, according to the Breach Level Index report by digital security company Gemalto. It marked a 78 percent surge in the number of personal data records compromised compared to 2013. Last year saw a number of major hacking attacks on companies including Sony Pictures Entertainment and investment bank JPMorgan. The biggest incident occurred when AliExpress, a service run by New York-listed Alibaba, was breached, leaving 300 million personal records open to hackers, who didn't need passwords to access the accounts.

U.S. auction website eBay was also hit by a cyberattack which led to 145 million personal piece of data being compromised -- the second-biggest incident of the year. EBay said hackers got access to "encrypted passwords and other non-financial data", in a statement in May, when it published details of the breach. The third biggest incident of the year was an attack on retailer Home Depot, in which 109 million records were compromised. When the cyberattack was revealed, the company said that hackers had stolen files containing email addresses, but not "passwords, payment card information or other sensitive personal information."

Hackers shifting tactics

The Gemalto researchers noted that cyber criminals had switched their focus to the hijacking of identities for long-term gain. "We're clearly seeing a shift in the tactics of cybercriminals, with long-term identity theft becoming more of a goal than the immediacy of stealing a credit card number," Jason Hart, vice president of cloud services, identity and data protection at Gemalto, said in the report. Read MoreCyberterrorists to target critical infrastructure

"Identity theft could lead to the opening of new fraudulent credit accounts, creating false identities for criminal enterprises, or a host of other serious crimes. As data breaches become more personal, we're starting to see that the universe of risk exposure for the average person is expanding."

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Identity theft accounted for more than half of the breaches in 2014, a dramatic rise from 20 percent in 2013, while hacking for the purpose of financial access dropped from 50 percent of breaches in 2013, to 17 percent last year.

Retailers vulnerable