The numbers: Some 5.25 million workers who’ve lost their jobs applied for unemployment benefits last week, driving the number of coronavirus-related layoffs above 21 million in just one month as the nation grapples with the worst pandemic in a century.

The huge increase in unemployment has likely pushed the jobless rate up to around 15%, the highest level since the Great Depression in the 1930s, economists say. The rate would be even higher if an unknowable number of Americans still being kept on payroll but not working were included.

Read: The soaring U.S. unemployment rate could approach Great Depression-era levels

The rate of job losses finally appears to be slowing, but many more layoffs and furloughs are expected through the end of the month and probably into early May.

How soon most of the newly jobless Americans get back to work will depend on how quickly the economy reopens. President Trump on Thursday plans to announce federal guidelines on how states can begin to ease restrictions, though many governors say they are not ready to do so with the number of COVID-19 cases still rising.

Also:Being furloughed beats layoffs: What it means for millions of now jobless workers

What happened: Initial jobless claims have climbed by 5.25 million, 6.2 million, 6.8 million and 3.3 million in the past four weeks, reflecting an increase in unemployment that harkens back to the worst economic downturn in U.S. history 90 years ago.

Just a month and a half ago, new jobless claims were in the low 200,000s and stood near a 50-year low. And only about 1.7 million Americans were collecting benefits.

Last week, the states of California, New York, Georgia, Texas and Michigan reported the biggest increases in new claims, according to the Labor Department said.

California, the nation’s largest state, has recorded the most new claims of all in the past month at about 3.2 million.

Altogether, the states reported that 12 million people were receiving benefits through the first week of April, according to delayed government data on continuing claims. They are reported with a one-week lag.

Read: Expanded unemployment benefits: Who qualifies, how to apply

While many states are still behind in processing the torrent of new applications for unemployment benefits, they do appear to be slowing down. Searches for the phrase “jobless claims” peaked in the last week of March and fallen steadily since then, according to Google Trends.

Read:Big increase in jobless benefits to give millions of laid-off workers higher pay

The big picture: The surge in unemployment and rapidly deteriorating economy are unlike anything the U.S. has seen since the Depression of the 1930s, but Washington and the states have sought desperately to ease the burden and stabilize the situation with trillions of dollars in extra benefits for families, workers and companies struggling to get by.

Read:Trillions in coronavirus spending could explode deficits to World War II levels

The U.S. is already in recession, economists say, and likely to remain so for the next several months and perhaps longer if COVID-19 continues to spread or reemerges in fresh hot spots. And it may be a year or longer before the economy is on sound footing — assuming a cure or treatment is discovered.

What they are saying? “With states working through processing delays, the level of new claims should subside in the weeks ahead, though layoffs are likely to continue this month and possibly next,” said senior economist Sal Guatieri of BMO Capital Markets.