WASHINGTON—President Donald Trump on Thursday gave his administration’s relief efforts in Puerto Rico a perfect grade, and blamed corruption and infrastructure deficiencies as obstacles to recovery, in a meeting with the U.S. territory’s governor at the White House.

“I give ourselves a 10,” Mr. Trump said, speaking in the Oval Office alongside Gov. Ricardo Rosselló. He acknowledged the devastation the island suffered this summer from two hurricanes, which he said were “in many ways worse than anything people have ever seen.”

“Did we do a great job?” Mr. Trump asked the governor.

“You responded immediately, sir,” Mr. Rosselló replied. He said he spoke “essentially every day” with Mr. Trump’s homeland-security adviser Tom Bossert and Federal Emergency Management Agency administrator Brock Long.

“The response is there,” Mr. Rosselló said. “Do we need to do a lot more? Of course we do … But with your leadership, sir, and with everybody over here, we’re committed to achieving that in the long run.”