As a result, ICE has been dropping off busloads of families at church shelters and charities, some with ankle monitoring bracelets, others with little more than notices to appear in court.

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“In light of the incredibly high volume of [families] presenting themselves along the Arizona border, ICE no longer has the capacity to conduct [case] reviews” without the risk of violating child-detention rules, O’Keefe said in a statement. “To mitigate that risk, ICE began to curtail such reviews in Arizona beginning Sunday October 7.”

The U.S. Border Patrol has arrested soaring numbers of Central American families in the three months since President Trump halted the practice of separating migrant parents and children who enter the United States illegally. Large groups of 100 or more have been turning themselves in to agents and requesting humanitarian refuge.

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“We are seeing record numbers of family units coming across,” said one Department of Homeland Security official, speaking on the condition of anonymity to discuss the trend. The department has not published border arrest totals for September, but the number of parents who arrived with children is expected to significantly exceed the 12,774 family members apprehended in August on the southern border.

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Most Central American families have been crossing into the Rio Grande Valley in Texas, but in recent weeks border agents have seen a surge in the deserts of southern Arizona, where the government has even less ability to hold families in child-appropriate conditions. The vast majority are processed and let go.

“They’ve run out of ankle bracelets for them,” said Teresa Cavendish, director of Casa Alitas, which is housing 200 migrants at a church gymnasium in Tucson, where they sleep on cots provided by the Red Cross.

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“This is the largest mass release of people I’ve experienced,” said Cavendish, adding that shelter capacity has also been strained because tickets on long-distance buses are sold out, leaving families stuck in Arizona.

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Many are Guatemalans trying to reunite with family members living in Florida and along the Gulf Coast, but the approaching Hurricane Michael has further restricted bus service to those areas, said Cavendish, who has been trying to clear space by transferring families to shelters in other states.

In her statement, O’Keefe, the ICE spokeswoman, blamed the dysfunction on lawmakers and court rulings that prevent the government from keeping children in immigration jails beyond a 20-day limit.

“After decades of inaction by Congress, the government remains severely constrained in its ability to detain and promptly remove families that have no legal basis to remain in the United States,” O’Keefe’s statement read.

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“As a result, family units continue to cross the border at high volumes . . . as they face no consequence for their actions,” she said.

Since the beginning of October, at least 395 family members have been taken into custody in Arizona’s Tucson sector, according to the latest Border Patrol statistics, exceeding the number that agents typically register during an entire month.

U.S. agents have observed buses dropping off migrant families south of the border to walk through the desert and turn themselves in, said a senior Border Patrol official, who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss unpublished numbers.

The senior official estimated that Guatemalan families and children have accounted for 90 percent of those crossing into Arizona in recent weeks.

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“It’s a very well-orchestrated smuggling venture,” the senior official said, “and it’s overwhelming the resources we have in those areas to process, house and transport them.”