Antonio Gramsci

1891-1937

Gramsci's Life and Thought

Gramsci's political and social writings occur in two periods, pre-prison (1910-1926) and prison (1929-35). His pre-prison writings tend to be politically specific, while his prison writings tend to be more historical and theoretical.

For a brief overview of Gramsci's life and thought see:

An Introduction to Gramsci's Life and Thought by Frank Rosengarten.

Chronology 1921-1926, from Selections from Political Writings (1921-1926)

New Addition

Pre-Prison Political Writings 1910-1926

1916

Men or machines? (Avanti!, 24 December)

Newspapers and the Workers (Avanti!, 22 December 1916)

1917

Notes on The Russian Revolution (Grido del Popolo, 29 April)

The Russian Maximalists (Grido del Popolo, 28 July)

The Revolution Against 'Capital' (Avanti!, 24 December)

Character (Grido del Popolo, 3 March 1917)

1921

Caporetto and Vittorio Veneto (L'Ordine Nuovo, 28 January)

War is war (L'Ordine Nuovo, 31 January)

Worker´s control (L'Ordine Nuovo, 10 February)

The general confederation of labour (L'Ordine Nuovo, 25 February)

Real dialectics (L'Ordine Nuovo, 3 March)

Officialdom (L'Ordine Nuovo, 4 March)

Unions and councils (L'Ordine Nuovo, 5 March)

Italy and Spain (L'Ordine Nuovo, 11 March)

Socialists and communists (L'Ordine Nuovo, 12 March)

England and Russia (L'Ordine Nuovo, 18 March)

The italian parliament (L'Ordine Nuovo, 24 March)

The Communists and the Elections

The Elections and Freedom

Elemental Forces

The Old Order in Turin

Socialists and Fascists

Reactionary Subversiveness

Referendum

Leaders and Masses

Bonomi

The "Arditi del Popolo"

The Development of Fascism

Against Terror

The Two Fascisms

The Agrarian Struggle in Italy

Those Mainly Responsible

Parties and Masses

Masses and Leaders

One Year



1922

The "Alleanza del Lavoro"

A Crisis within the Crisis

Lessons



1924

Editorial: March 1924

"Leader"

Against Pessimism

Gramsci to Togliatti, Scoccimarro, Leonetti, etc. (21 March 1924)

The Programme of L'Ordine Nuovo

Problems of Today and Tomorrow

Gramsci to Zino Zini (2 April 1924)

Gramsci to Togliatti, Scoccimarro, etc. (5 April 1924)

The Como Conference: Resolutions

Gramsci's Intervention at the Como Conference

The Italian Crisis

Democracy and Fascism

The Fall of Fascism



1925

Report to the Central Committee: 6 February 1925

Speech to the Italian parliament, 16 May 1925

Introduction to the First Course of the Party School

The Internal Situation in our Party and the Tasks of the Forthcoming Congress

Elements of the Situation



1926

The Italian situation and the tasks of the PCI (Lyons, January 1926)

The party's first five years (L'Unita, 24 February 1926)

A study of the Italian situation (Report to the 2-3 August 1926 meeting of the Party's Executive Commitee.)

The peasants and the dictatorship of the proletariat (L'Unità, 17 September 1926)

Once again on the organic capacities of the working class (L'Unità, 1 October 1926)

We and the Republican Concentration (L'Unità, 13 October 1926)

Some aspects of the southern question (Unfinished, October 1926)



Prison Notebooks 1929-1935

Contents of Notebooks

Hegel and associationism

Military art and political art

The Intellectuals



The Intellectuals

On Education

The Modern Prince

State and Civil Society

The Study of Philosophy



Structure and Superstructure [i]

Structure and Superstructure [ii]

Structure and Superstructures [iii]

The Concept of ‘Historical Bloc’

Ethico-Political History

Ethico-Political History and Hegemony

Political Ideologies

Ideologies

Validity of Ideologies

Analysis of Situations: Relations of Force

Some Theoretical and Practical Aspects of ‘Economism’ [also in The Modern Prince]

Observations on Certain Aspects of the Structure of Political Parties in Periods of Organic Crisis

War of Position and War of Manoeuvre

War of Position and War of Manoeuvre or Frontal War



Agitation and Propaganda

Caesarism



The Problem of Political Leadership in the Formation and Development of the Modern State in Italy

Rationalization of the Demographic Composition of Europe

Some Aspects of the Sexual Question

Financial Autarky and Industry

‘Animality’ and Industrialism

Rationalization of Production and Work

Taylorism and the Mechanization of the Worker



Philosophy: Some preliminary reference points



Collections of Gramsci’s Writings

Selections from Political Writings (1921-1926)

Selections from the Prison Notebooks

An Antonio Gramsci Reader