Mankind has been afflicted by kidney stones since centuries back. Kidney Stone also referred as Renal Calculi is named as Nephrolithiasis or Urolithiasis as per the medical terminology. According to the recent studies, 12% of the world is affected by Renal calculi at some point of their life. In Indian population, the prevalence rate is 12% out of them 50% may end up with loss of their kidney functions. However, the occurrence rate is more in males compared to females.

Urination helps to remove the toxins along with the liquid waste from the body. During this process, there are chances of formation of solid mass which happens due to the clumping of tiny crystals. These tiny crystals can be referred as Renal Calculus. It may be variable in size and shape. Many factors contribute to the formation of urinary stones. The chemical composition of kidney stone vary from individual to individual depending upon the abnormality. Depending upon the variations in their compositions they are mainly categorized into –

Calcium stones – Calcium oxalate or Calcium phosphate Magnesium Ammonium phosphate stones Uric Acid stones Cystine stones Drug-Induced stones.

Person suffering with kidney stone experience with excruciating pain which is beyond explanation. Apart from pain, people also experience frequent urge to micturate, hematuria (blood in urine), nausea and vomiting. Most of the calculi, flushes out along with the urine but if they don’t life becomes miserable.