(CNN) A bill that would ban the most common abortion method used in the second trimester of pregnancy was signed into law Friday by Ohio Gov. John Kasich.

Senate Bill 145 prohibits the dilation and evacuation (D&E) procedure, in which the cervix is dilated and the contents of the uterus extracted. Though there is no exception in the law in cases of rape or incest, there is one if the mother's life is at risk.

Any abortion provider who defies this law could face fourth-degree felony charges, including prison time and fines.

The Republican governor's decision to sign off on this legislation sparked immediate backlash from abortion rights advocates.

Kasich, who has signed more than 20 laws restricting abortion access in his eight years in office, has "again let the people of Ohio down by using extreme legislation to turn medical decision-making into political ideology," said Iris Harvey, president and CEO of Planned Parenthood Advocates of Ohio, in a written statement.

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