

Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services



We Heard the Bells: The Influenza of 1918

ICN #006719 - January 2010



PIN 700293



In 1918-1919, the worst flu in recorded history killed an estimated 50 million people worldwide. The U.S. death toll was 675,000 - five times the number of U.S. soldiers killed in World War I. Where did the 1918 flu come from? Why was it so lethal? What did we learn?



Study materials are available Department of Health and Human ServicesCenter for Medicare and Medicaid ServicesWe Heard the Bells: The Influenza of 1918ICN #006719 - January 2010PIN 700293In 1918-1919, the worst flu in recorded history killed an estimated 50 million people worldwide. The U.S. death toll was 675,000 - five times the number of U.S. soldiers killed in World War I. Where did the 1918 flu come from? Why was it so lethal? What did we learn?Study materials are available at avaianflu.gov.

Credits

Uploaded by Public.Resource.Org

A Presentation Of The U.S. Department Of Health And Human Services, Centers For Medicare & Medicaid Services



Executive Producer for CMS: Dr. James Randolph Farris, Md



A Film by Lisa Laden



Narrated By S. Epatha Merkerson



Editor: Dmitry Torgovitsky

Project Manager for CMS: Julia Lothrop

Videography: Michael Peizer

Original Music: John Keltonic



Associate Producers

Cory Adcock-Camp

Roland Palugod



Sound

Greg Breazeale

Jonathan Cohen

Aaron Webster

David Girard

Tommy Lee



Additional Videography

Al Hintenach



Sound Design

Richard Humphries

Takoma Media



Archival Research

Edward Engel

Cory Adcock-Camp



Animation

Marie Dauenheimer

Devon Stuart



Marketing and Communications

Bunny Tavares, Tavaresmedia

Melanie Pope, Melanie Pope Public Relations



Photographs Courtesy of

Louis Diggs

Robert Einweck, St. Paul-Ramsey County Public Health

Isabelle Fushille

Cynthia Goldsmith

Dr. Johan Hultin

Priscilla Reyna Jojola

Lisa Laden

Dr. Jack Layton

Allen Meyers

Carmen Trujillo Portillo

Ned Rozell, University of Alaska Fairbanks

Dr. Martha Warnock, University of California, San Francisco



Alaska State Library

Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research

Anchorage Museum Association

Baltimore County Public Library

The Baltimore Sun

Calumet Regional Archives, Indiana University Northwest

City Archives, City of Philadelphia

Colorado Historical Society

The Daily Iowan

Denver Public Library

The Detroit News

Dundalk & Patapsco Neck Historical Society

El Paso County Historical Society

El Paso Public Library

Enoch Pratt Free Library

Historical Society of Pennsylvania

Indiana Historical Society

Johns Hopkins, Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives

Joseph Levine & Sons, Philadelphia, PA

Library of Congress

Luther Seminary Archives

Museum Of History and Industry, Seattle, WA

National Archives and Records Administration

The National Funeral Directors Association

National Library of Medicine

National Museum Of Health and Medicine, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology

Naval Historical Center

Northeastern State University

Oakland Public Library

Temple University Urban Archives

Tennessee State Library and Archives

University of Alaska, Anchorage

University of Alaska, Fairbanks

University of Iowa Archives

University of Pennsylvania Museum

University of Texas at El Paso Library, Special Collections Department

Wisconsin Historical Society



Photograph by Désiré-Magloire Bourneville

Courtesy of the Philadelphia Museum of Art



Photograph by Richard Samuel Roberts

Courtesy of Bruccoli Clark Layman Inc.



Additional Footage Courtesy of

Alaska Film Archives, University of Alaska

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Evangelical Lutheran Church in America

U.S. Food and Drug Administration

The March of Time

National Archives and Records Administration

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Red Jet Films

Retirement Living TV

Jeffrey Taubenberger

U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Department of Labor

U.S. Department of State



Journals and Newspaper Articles

The Associated Press

The Baltimore Sun, December 30 © 2005, The Baltimore Sun Company. All Rights Reserved.

Los Angeles Times, December 7 © 1968

The Nation’s Health, June/July © 2009, American Public Health Association.

Science News, March © 1997



Special Thanks to

Claudia Abeita, Isleta Pueblo

Richard Archuleta, Taos Pueblo

Armed Forces Institute of Pathology

Kari Bostrom, Luther Seminary Archives

Cordelia Clapp, RN, Kanza Health Center, Kaw Nation

Marjorie Kamys Cotera

Louis Diggs

Leann Dreadfulwater, Cherokee Nation

El Paso County Historical Society

Marta Estrada, El Paso Public Library

Isabel Fushille

Roger Goodacre, CMS

Stephen Greenberg, National Library of Medicine

Alexandra Lord, U.S. Public Health Service

Ava Martin, Evangelical Lutheran Church of America

Oakdale Emory United Methodist Church

Traci McClellan, National Indian Council on Aging

Navajo Nation

Claudia Rivers, UTEP Library

Russian Orthodox Cathedral of St. John the Baptist

Salem United Methodist Church

St. Patrick’s Church

Lillian Solis, RN, Indian Health Service

University of Georgia

Jhones Vergara, Altamed Buena Care Senior Center



Music Copyright 2008, JDK Music, Inc., ASCAP, Used by Permission



In Memoriam

Reba Haimovitz

Rachel Hollis

Florence Parks

Addeddate 2010-04-25 23:05:19 Color color Identifier gov.hhs.cms.006719 Sound sound Year 2010