The numbers: U.S. industrial production jumped 0.6% in August, the largest increase in a year, the Federal Reserve reported Tuesday. Output in July was revised to a 0.1% decline from the prior estimate of a 0.2% drop.

Wall Street had expected a 0.4% rebound, according to a MarketWatch survey.

What happened: The increase was due mainly to a surge in mining output, which includes oil and gas production. Mining output jumped 1.4%, almost completely reversing a 1.5% decline in the prior month. Utilities output rose 0.6%.

Manufacturing production rebounded as well in August, rising 0.5% after a 0.4% decline in July.

Output for motor vehicles and parts fell 1% in August after a 0.5% gain in the prior month. Excluding autos, manufacturing rose 0.6%.

Capacity utilization rose to 77.9% in August, the highest rate since March. The capacity utilization rate reflects the limits to operating the nation’s factories, mines and utilities. It’s still below pre-2008 recession levels, above 80%, that could increase production costs and prices.

Big picture: U.S. manufacturing remains in a recession due to weakness in the global economy and Trump’s trade war with China. The weakness is a main reason why the Federal Reserve is expected to cut its benchmark interest rate for the second time this year on Wednesday. The industrial sector could also be hurt by the strike at General Motors Co. GM, -0.37% , now in its second day.

What are they saying? “We expect the trend in manufacturing output to fall through the end of the year, at least,” said Ian Shepherdson, chief economist at Pantheon Macroeconomics. He said the two factors boosting production in August — crude oil and manufacturing output — won’t last.