It requires player actions, yes. In this case ... not necessarily ones taken with the intent of causing a Lockdown. It could have been accidental.Kamitra Empire Pact is present in 9 systems, but only controls 2 of them. It's therefore likely to get into a lot of wars, which it will tend to get a Lockdown from afterwards if someone takes CZ massacre missions for the other side - its influence levels across those 9 systems certainly look consistent with having been in a war recently. It also controls a lot of surface settlements, which would attract skimmer-kill missions against it.