PARIS—Cement group LafargeHolcim admitted March 2 that its business in northern Syria had struck “unacceptable” deals with armed groups, providing funds in order to allow its local activities to continue.

The group said in a statement that an internal investigation has established Lafarge’s local branch in Syria provided funds to armed groups via middlemen in 2013 and 2014 to guarantee safe passage for company employees and supply the plant it operated.

Lafarge merged with Swiss company Holcim to create LafargeHolcim, the world’s largest cement maker, in 2015. Lafarge stopped operating its $680-millon Syrian plant in September 2014.

LafargeHolcim said “in hindsight, the measures taken in order to continue the plant’s activity were unacceptable.”

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“At the time, various armed groups controlled or sought to take control areas around the plant,” LafargeHolcim said. “It appears from the investigation that the local subsidiary provided funds to third parties to secure arrangements with a number of these armed groups, including third parties targeted by sanctions.”

French authorities launched an investigation of the company last year after the ministry of economy and finance filed a complaint against Lafarge. French NGO Sherpa also filed a complaint against Lafarge for allegedly financing terrorism. The complaint accused the company of maintaining commercial relations with the Islamic State group in Syria in 2013-2014.

Sherpa claimed Lafarge and its local subsidiary made “arrangements” with IS to obtain passes buffered by the jihadist group and to buy oil and other raw materials needed to produce cement in IS-controlled areas of Syria. At the time, Lafarge denied “financing so-called terrorist groups.

LafargeHolcim said its investigation could not establish “with certainty” which groups ultimately received the funds.

The group insisted the deals were made as “the deterioration of the political situation in Syria posed very difficult challenges for the security and operations of the plant and its employees.”