This, then, is an introduction to the basics of long-term care, to help you start your own search more informed — whether you are planning for the care of a parent or yourself.

STAYING HOME When trouble strikes, what most people want is to stay at home as long as possible, with assistance from family or paid assistance that can include a home care aide or nurse. That option can even include retrofitting the home with features like ramps and grab bars. (Health insurance and Medicare might pay for some of those services, for a certain amount of time. )

INDEPENDENT LIVING Some people decide to move to independent living complexes, which can offer a sense of community and activities while letting somebody else take care of some of the irritations like lawn care, housekeeping and cooking meals.

ASSISTED LIVING For those who find themselves unable to live independently, however, and need help with activities of daily living — which can include help with getting dressed, going to the toilet and sorting medications — this is an option.

It can have much of the look and sensibility of independent living but with a higher level of care and monitoring. Many of these facilities also offer what’s known as memory care for people with cognitive impairment like Alzheimers and other forms of dementia.

NURSING HOMES These facilities provide round the clock care for people with more serious health conditions. Many people resist the idea of nursing home care, though the facilities are regulated under federal law, unlike assisted living facilities, which are regulated under a patchwork of state laws and vary widely. Nursing homes qualify for a substantial degree of coverage under Medicaid , which generally kicks in after other assets are depleted.

For many people, nursing homes can be the best option, Ms. Katz said. “Friends will say to me, ‘I think it’s time for my mom to move into someplace where she will get some help — I don’t think she needs to go into a nursing home. She only needs assisted living.’ I want to ask, ‘What do you mean — and what do you think you mean?’”