Newly elected One Nation senator Rod Culleton has been arrested by police after handing himself in as he tries to have a larceny conviction overturned in court.

The One Nation senator who is due to appear in Parliament for the first time later this month was arrested and placed into police custody while the warrant was formally processed.

"A 52-year-old man attended Armidale Police Station where an outstanding arrest warrant was executed," New England Inspector Chris Mckinnon told Fairfax Media.