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Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont delivered a sharp critique of Hillary Rodham Clinton on Thursday for her reluctance to talk about issues as a presidential candidate and vowed that he is running against her to win.

Mr. Sanders, an independent who is seeking the Democratic nomination, said he is offended by Mrs. Clinton’s silence on trade and urged her to share her real views with voters.

“Trade policies have been disastrous,” Mr. Sanders said at a breakfast hosted by The Christian Science Monitor in Washington. “If she’s against this, we need her to speak out, right now.”

Mr. Sanders then listed a number of issues where he said Mrs. Clinton has failed to share her views, including climate change, the Keystone Pipeline and the renewal of the Patriot Act.

“What is the secretary’s point of view on that?” he asked of the act that he voted against.

Promising to run a campaign without personal attacks, Mr. Sanders questioned Mrs. Clinton on how she plans to address the influence of the “billionaire class” and said that her vote to authorize the 2003 Iraq War raised questions about her judgment.

“I’m not here to criticize a vote that she cast years ago,” Mr. Sanders said. “But what does that mean about your judgment assessing information?”

The comments from Mr. Sanders come as Mrs. Clinton is about to formally kick off her campaign with a rally in New York this weekend.

The senator acknowledged that he remains an underdog in the race but said that he is picking up momentum in terms of crowds and fund-raising. He estimated that he has received about 200,000 donations averaging about $40 each.

“This is not a protest campaign,” Mr. Sanders said when asked if he really believed he could beat Mrs. Clinton. “I am in this election to win.”