The chance of limiting human-induced global warming to less than 2 degrees is rapidly disappearing as carbon emissions again ramp up in China while reductions in the US and elsewhere stall, scientists say.

Data from the CSIRO's Global Carbon Project indicates greenhouse gas emissions in China accelerated to 1.5 per cent growth last year. China is now responsible for about a third of the world's carbon emissions.

China's emissions are again on the rise, making global climate targets even harder to meet. Credit:Reuters

"That was quite significant growth for China because we had seen almost three years of little or no increase," the project's director, Pep Canadell, told Fairfax Media.

Early indications are that 2018 could see an even larger rise, with China's carbon emissions in the first quarter jumping 4 per cent alone, according to a Greenpeace analysis.