ALBANY — Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo signed a bill on Tuesday effectively killing a law that would have imposed a 5-cent fee on plastic bags in New York City, disappointing environmentalists as well as city leaders who characterized the move as a classic case of Albany’s overreach.

Mr. Cuomo, a Democrat, acted just a day before the fee was supposed to go into effect, essentially supporting actions by the Republican-led State Senate and the Democrat-dominated Assembly to stifle the new law.

In its place, the governor promised to form “a statewide task force to develop a uniform state plan for addressing the plastic bag problem,” complete with local leaders, other stakeholders and leaders appointed by the Senate and the Assembly.

Mr. Cuomo said the city law was “deeply flawed” because it allowed merchants to keep the 5-cent fee as profit, a giveaway that he said would total $100 million a year.