Edouard Philippe, France’s prime minister, held crisis talks with opposition party politicians on Monday, after the country was left stunned by anti-government protests and the worst riot seen in France in a generation.

More than 130 people were injured and 412 arrested in Paris on S​aturday, as anti-government protests continued across the country.

It was the third straight weekend of protests in the city.

Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Show all 29 1 /29 Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Water cannons are turned on the protesters Reuters Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Riot police detain protesters EPA Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures A car is set alight in the protests AFP/Getty Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures The Arc de Triomphe is graffitied with the slogan: 'he yellow vests will triumph' Reuters Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Protesters barricade themselves on the Champs Elysees as police line the streets Reuters Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures A protester fires at police with a slingshot AFP/Getty Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures A protester holds up a sign that reads 'your Europe ruins us' Reuters Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures A protester gestures amidst burning cars EPA Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Protesters walk amidst tear gas near the Arc de Triomphe Reuters Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures A protester runs amidst tear gas Reuters Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Protesters on the Champs Elysees amidst tear gas AFP/Getty Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Protesters in yellow vests gather outside the town hall in Bordeaux EPA Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Protesters gather on the Champs Elysees after the police deploy tear gas AFP/Getty Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Protesters stand by the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Paris AFP/Getty Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures A protester waves a French flag Reuters Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Riot police take formation AFP/Getty Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures A general view of the Champs Elysees in Paris today as protesters clash with police Reuters Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures A protester wears a jacket reading 'Macron, thief, lier, crook, go away, the people banish you' AP Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Protesters gather on the Champs Elysees AFP/Getty Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Protesters hold a French flag by a burning barricade AFP/Getty Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Protesters gather by a fire AFP/Getty Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Water cannons are turned on the protesters Reuters Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures A protester wears an adapted yellow vest reading 'Macron's cemetery: here lies your buying power' AFP/Getty Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Protesters gather by a burning car AFP/Getty Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Riot police advance through tear gas followed closely by their water cannon EPA Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Tear gas is deployed to deter the protesters Reuters Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures A protester waves a French flag amidst tear gas AP Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures Protesters walk amidst tear gas by the Arc de Triomphe Reuters Clashes at the Paris fuel protests: in pictures A protester holds a sign asking for the reintroduction of ISF (an old French tax on wealth) AFP/Getty

Riot police used water cannons and tear gas to subdue the crowds in the French capital, closing down dozens of underground stations and streets in an effort to contain the chaos.

By Sunday the Arc de Triomphe was tagged with graffiti, shops had been looted and torched cars and broken glass littered popular tourist haunts.

Other protests outside of Paris were largely peaceful.

People in distinctive yellow traffic vests led the outpouring of public anger, which began on 17 November.

Initially the movement was started by motorists upset over a fuel tax hike.

It has since grown to include others disillusioned by Emmanuel Macron’s leadership.

Most of the criticism is underpinned by the complaint the president’s government does not care about ordinary people.

The French leader and his prime minister have both been heavily criticised over their handling of the crisis

Mr Philippe was urged by rival politicians on Monday to reverse some of the centrist government’s policies.

After meeting with the prime minister, Socialist leader Olivier Faure urged Mr Philippe to slash the fuel tax and to restore a wealth tax, which was scrapped by the ruling party.

“We want a change in the method. One needs to come down from Mount Olympus,” Mr Faure said, in a possible reference to “Jupiter”, the nickname given to Mr Macron by his critics.

The president compared himself to the Roman king of the gods in 2016 and has been dogged by the pejorative nickname ever since.

President Macron is heckled by onlookers as he visits damaged Arc de Triomphe after protests in Paris

Laurent Wauquiez, head of the centre right Les Republicans party, urged the government to hold a referendum to end the crisis but did not suggest a possible question or topic to put to the people.

“French people need to be heard again, and for that we must organise a referendum to decide these issues,” he said.

Mr Philippe will try to defuse the rising tension by meeting with yellow vest leaders on Tuesday.

Mr Macron, who spent the weekend abroad, returned from the G20 summit on Sunday and immediately chaired an emergency meeting on the crisis.

Members of the National Assembly will also hold talks on the protests later this week.

The French government has not ruled out the possibility of imposing a state of emergency in response to the protests.

The yellow vest protests continued on Monday, as ambulance workers took to the streets to complain about their working conditions.

Protesters set tyres on fire and blocked roads.

One activist held up a sign reading “The State killed me” and others chanted “Macron resign!”

Support free-thinking journalism and attend Independent events

Since the movement erupted last month, three people have been killed and hundreds injured in clashes or accidents stemming from the protests.

Over the past three weeks, protesters have been setting up road blockades across the country and their movement has garnered wide public support.