The apparent ringleader of the Spain terror attacks had links to one of the 2004 Madrid bombers.

Officials have said while the men responsible for the twin attacks in Barcelona and Cambrils were not on the security services' radar, the apparent ringleader Abdelbaki es Satty did have extremist connections.

He went to prison five years ago for trafficking hashish from Morocco to Spain, and was locked up alongside Rachid Aglif, jailed for his role in the Madrid attacks.

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At least 191 people were killed and thousands were injured when an al Qaeda-linked terror cell detonated bombs on commuter trains during the morning rush hour, making it the worst terror attack in Spain's history.


Image: Rachid Aglif (C) was one of the 28 suspects accused of the 2004 Madrid train bombings

Es Satty's name also reportedly turned up in Operation Jackal, in which five extremists were convicted for recruiting young men around seaside towns south of Barcelona.

Es Satty and several of his fellow plotters had travelled between Spain and Morocco in recent months, as they worked on their attack plans.

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Spanish officials are facing increasingly uncomfortable questions about why those involved were not on the radar of the intelligence services.

Police say their efforts to track down the fugitive terror suspects are being frustrated by their inability to identify human remains found at the site of an explosion at the plotters' bomb factory, south of Barcelona.

Image: Damage caused by the explosion at a property in Alcanar. Pic: @bomberscat

The huge mound of rubble where the house in the coastal town of Alcanar once stood, is now at the centre of the investigation.

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Police here had initially believed the blast was a non-suspicious gas explosion.

For days, forensic teams have been sifting through the remains of the property in Alcanar.

The premature explosion here on Wednesday should have triggered a vital early warning that a massive attack was imminent, but initially the clues were missed.

Image: Forensic teams have been sifting through the remains of the property in Alcanar

The authorities only realised it was part of the terror plot when evidence recovered after the Barcelona attack linked back to the address in Alcanar.

Investigators have discovered the remains of three people in the rubble but have not yet been able to identify them.

Meanwhile, a manhunt continues for the driver of the van that killed 13 in Barcelona.

Catalan interior minister Joaquim Forn told Catalunya Radio on Monday that "everything indicates" Younes Abouyaaqoub, a 22-year-old Moroccan and resident of the northern town of Ripoll, is the only remaining member of the 12-man cell still at large.

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Abouyaaqoub was pictured on a bank security camera in Ripoll on the day of the bomb factory explosion.

Image: A picture said to show Younes Abouyaaqoub at an ATM in Ripoll on the day before Barcelona was attacked

Ripoll is about 200 miles away from the scene of the blast here in Alcanar.

Locals told us that for months, groups of young men who they describe as being of North African appearance, would constantly come and go from this property.

They often dropped off materials including gas cylinders, yet their actions never aroused suspicion, only curiosity.

Image: A CCTV still said to show Younes Abouyaaqoub fleeing the scene after the attack

And there are wider issues to address for intelligence agencies here in Spain and beyond.

This was no lone-wolf endeavour. More than a dozen plotters hatched their plans for more than a year.

Cristine Bolz lives just across the road from the villa, and called the emergency services after the huge explosion around 11.30pm on Wednesday.

Image: Christine Bolz lives in a neighbouring house in Alcanar

She told me she never believed the initial police assertion that there was nothing suspicious about the blast.

"We weren't really sure what it was, but something really big had just happened. I doubted this was only a gas explosion because to me it smelled like a bomb," she said.

Despite the devastation, and the discovery of more than a hundred gas cylinders amongst the rubble, police told locals there was nothing to be concerned about.

At the Hotel Carlos, Eli Beltri, who works behind the main bar, said she had no reason to doubt officials.

She said: "At the moment of the blast, people thought it was an accident, a gas cylinder that had exploded. No one imagined anything different, like an attack or a bomb, definitely not.

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Image: Eli Beltri lives in one of the neighbouring houses in Alcanar

"Even on the next day, when the second bomb went off by accident and the Barcelona attack took place, no one made the connection between both events."

Some in the cell were also in Switzerland and France for a time, where they are believed to have met with other extremists, but their activities were apparently never picked up by security agencies.

With uncertainty over how many of the remaining plotters are still at large, armed police checkpoints have been set up on main roads across northern Spain and on the border with France.

Meanwhile, French newspaper Le Parisien reported on Sunday night that the Audi A3 used in the Cambrils attack was caught speeding in the Paris region about a week ago.

Image: Armed police checkpoints have been set up on main roads across northern Spain

French investigators have not found a direct link between the Spanish cell and France, Le Parisien said, and are looking into the possibility the Audi could have just been transiting through the France when it was caught.

Spanish authorities say the main plot has been dismantled, but with perhaps a handful of plotters still on the loose, the threat here is certainly not over.