“This is like shooting at a moving target,” said Douglas Kidd, the head of the National Association of Airline Passengers and a member of the advisory committee looking into all these issues. “We have to make sure the planes can handle this. But there’s a lot of pressure on the F.A.A. because passengers are very attached to their devices.”

The panel wants to be able to present a single policy from “gate to gate” that would apply to all airlines, and all types of airplanes, according to several of its members who requested anonymity because the discussions were private. Instead of testing devices, the F.A.A. will ask that the airlines certify that their planes can tolerate interferences — something they have done when installing Wi-Fi on board, for instance. Once that is done, the airlines can allow electronic devices, perhaps by next year.

The review has not included mobile voice communications, which are prohibited by the telecommunications regulators at the Federal Communications Commission because they interfere with transmissions between cell towers on the ground.

More than two billion portable electronic devices will be sold this year, according to the research firm Gartner. Air travelers own a disproportionately large share of these devices, particularly smartphones and tablets, whose use is growing at the fastest rate. Shipments are expected to more than double by next year compared with 2012, to 276 million units.

A study released this year by two groups, the Airline Passenger Experience Association and the Consumer Electronics Association, found that as many as 30 percent of passengers said they had accidentally left a device on during takeoff or landing.

“Every time I fly, when landing or right before we touch down, I hear pings, and bings and chirps, because people never turn off their phones in the first place,” said Capt. Sean P. Cassidy, the first vice president at the Air Line Pilots Association, and an Alaska Airlines pilot. “Rather than stick our head in the sand and expect people will modify their behavior, the F.A.A. is approaching this very methodically and purposefully.”

Today’s most popular devices, aviation experts said, use so little power that they are unable to interfere with a plane’s aeronautics.