He is now officially China’s “national helmsman,” an accolade echoing one of the honorifics used for Mao, the “great helmsman.”

“I don’t like the word Maoist, but Xi really is bringing back the party in charge, but also bringing back a personified power in charge,” Ryan Manuel, an expert on the Chinese Communist Party at the University of Hong Kong, said by telephone.

“But personifying power has risks,” he said. “Xi has, better than anyone since Mao, gone around the checks and balances that were placed on him.”

After the lawmakers assembled on March 5, they swept away the constitutional term limit on Mr. Xi’s presidency, with only two no votes out of 2,960 submitted. They approved a new investigation agency to extend his anticorruption drive. They inserted “Xi Jinping Thought” into the Constitution, putting Mr. Xi in China’s ideological honor roll even before he formally started his second term as president. And they elected him for that second term without a single dissenting vote.

“These are really long-term risks that he’s leading to with these choices,” Mr. Manuel said. “It’s not going to happen in the next two years. But if in 10 years’ time, Xi Jinping is still in power, he may have had 10 years of no one telling him the truth.”

Chinese media coverage of the congress was saturated by Mr. Xi’s images and words, drowning out other members of the leadership, including the premier, Li Keqiang. On Sunday, the day after Mr. Xi was reappointed president, the front page of the People’s Daily, the party’s main newspaper, and other papers were dominated by large pictures of Mr. Xi, underscoring his unrivaled status.