YEONPYEONG ISLAND, South Korea — The sound of new artillery fire from North Korea just hours after the U.S. and South Korea launched a round of war games in Korean waters sent residents and journalists on a front-line island scrambling for cover Sunday.

None of the rounds landed on Yeonpyeong Island, military officials said, but South Korea’s Defense Ministry later warned journalists to leave the island. The incident showed how tense the situation remains along the Koreas’ disputed maritime border five days after a North Korean artillery attack decimated parts of the island and killed four South Koreans.

As the rhetoric from North Korea escalated, with new warnings of a “merciless” assault if further provoked, a top Chinese official made a last-minute visit to Seoul to confer with South Korean President Lee Myung-bak. Washington and Seoul have urged China, North Korea’s main ally and benefactor, to help defuse the situation amid fears of all-out war. Beijing has called for restraint on all sides.

Lee pressed State Councilor Dai Bingguo, a senior foreign policy adviser, to contribute to peace in a “more objective, responsible” matter, and warned that Seoul would respond “strongly” to any further provocation, his office said in a statement.

Dai forwarded Beijing’s condolences and pledged China’s help in preventing tensions from worsening, Lee’s office said.

Meanwhile, the chairman of North Korea’s Supreme People’s Assembly, Choe Thae Bok, was due to visit Beijing starting Tuesday, China’s official Xinhua News Agency said.

The border between North and South Korea is among the world’s most heavily fortified, with the peninsula still technically in a state of war because the 1950-53 war ended with a truce, not a peace treaty.

North Korea also disputes the maritime border drawn by U.N. forces at the close of the war, and considers the waters around Yeonpyeong Island — 50 miles (80 kilometers) from the South Korean port of Incheon but just 7 miles (11 kilometers) from the North Korean mainland — its territory.

The area has seen several bloody skirmishes, including the sinking of a South Korean warship eight months ago, killing 46 sailors. An international team of investigators concluded that a North Korean torpedo sank the ship, but Pyongyang denies any involvement.

Tuesday’s attack on the island, which has military bases as well as a civilian population of 1,300 who mostly make their living from fishing, marked a new level of hostility. Two marines and two civilians were killed, and 18 others wounded, when the North rained artillery on Yeonpyeong in one of the worst assaults since the Korean War.

North Korea said Saturday the civilian deaths were “regrettable,” but blamed South Korea for staging military drills against Pyongyang’s warnings that it would consider such exercises a provocation. Pyongyang accused Seoul of using Yeonpyeong’s residents as human shields.

The North Korea military also has mounted conventional, surface-to-air SA-2 missiles on launch pads on a west coast base, aiming them at South Korean fighter jets flying near the western sea border, the Yonhap news agency reported, citing an unidentified South Korean government source.

South Korea’s military said it couldn’t confirm the deployments. An official at the Joint Chiefs of Staff said the North had already deployed anti-ship missiles on its west coast bases.

A Defense Ministry announcement Sunday said journalists “must” leave Yeonpyeong Island, but a ministry official later said the island was not necessarily off limits. Another ministry official said that a ship would be arranged to evacuate journalists, and that other safety measures would be arranged for remaining islanders, rescue workers and local officials.

Both officials spoke on condition of anonymity, citing agency rules.

About 380 people, including 28 islanders and 190 journalists, remain on the island on Sunday, according to Incheon city government that governs the island.

The previously planned joint war games launched Sunday by the U.S. and South Korea were sure to heighten the tensions.

Ships from both countries entered the exercise zone Sunday, an official with South Korea’s joint chiefs of staff said on condition of anonymity, citing office rules.

Washington, which keeps 28,500 troops in South Korea to protect the ally, insists the drills involving the USS George Washington supercarrier are routine and were planned well before last Tuesday’s attack. However, North Korea expressed outrage over the Yellow Sea drills.

“We will launch merciless counter-military strikes against any provocative moves that infringe upon our country’s territorial waters,” the North’s main Rodong Sinmun newspaper said in an editorial carried by the official Korean Central News Agency.

Sunday’s burst of artillery fire in North Korea was the second in three days. Authorities briefly ordered residents to evacuate, before recalling the order.

“We got the report that North Korea’s artillery batteries were in the ‘ready-to fire’ posture,” police chief Choi Du-gyu said. “So we decided to order residents to evacuate to keep them safe.”

North Korea also staged an apparent artillery drill Friday, the guns sounding just as the U.S. military’s top commander in the region, Gen. Walter Sharp, was touring Yeonpyeong Island. No shells landed anywhere in South Korean territory.

Last Tuesday’s attack reduced dozens of homes on the island to rubble. All but a handful of residents have evacuated to the mainland.

In Seoul, as monks chanted their morning prayers at Jogye Temple, Shim Jeong-wook, 74, said he didn’t think North Korea would attack again, not with a U.S. aircraft carrier group in South Korean waters.

“I don’t think North Korea will provoke while the U.S. Navy fleet is in the Yellow Sea,” he said. “But who knows what will happen when it leaves?”