WASHINGTON — The details of President Obama’s plan to reduce federal deficits by more than $3 trillion over 10 years, which he laid out Monday morning, underscore a strategic White House shift away from the pursuit of compromise toward a more partisan confrontation.

The key points of the plan read like a mirror image of the priorities espoused by House Republicans. The president proposed raising taxes by $1.5 trillion, mostly on the wealthy, while making only modest cuts in Medicare and Medicaid, and walling off Social Security from any changes. The plan also would reduce military spending by more than $1 trillion.

Mr. Obama delivered his proposal just days after Speaker John A. Boehner declared that Republicans would not support tax increases as part of any new deficit reduction plan and just hours after top Republicans assailed Mr. Obama for promoting tax increases for the wealthy in what they described as an effort to win political points that amounted to class warfare.

“This is not class warfare,” Mr. Obama countered Monday in his Rose Garden remarks. “It is math. The money is going to have to come from someplace.” The new hard line reflects a change in the administration’s negotiating strategy after the president’s failure to close a grand bargain on deficit reduction with Mr. Boehner earlier this year, a series of talks that left some Democrats in the administration and in Congress with the view that Mr. Obama had made significant concessions only to get the cold shoulder from Republicans reluctant to see the president score a victory.