Alan Gomez

USA TODAY

MIAMI — Donald Trump's derogatory comments about Mexicans and his vow to build a wall along the southern U.S. border have failed to spark a surge in voter registrations among Hispanics living in key swing states, a USA TODAY analysis shows.

The study looked at the 50 counties with the largest Hispanic population in 10 swing states and found that voter registrations in those counties have increased during the 2016 election cycle. But the gains simply mirrored the growth in the Hispanic population and did not represent a "Trump effect" — a rush to register by Hispanics who plan to vote against the Republican presidential nominee — as some Democratic and Hispanic groups had expected.

Overall, voter rolls in those 50 counties increased by 3.8% in the lead-up to the 2016 election, compared to a 3.5% increase during the 2012 election cycle. Those increases are explained by overall population growth (2.9% this election cycle and 2.7% in the 2012 period) as well as even faster growth in the Hispanic population, which has jumped nearly 10% since 2010.

The lack of a "Trump effect" is clearer in the few states that provide voter registration data specifically for Hispanics. In Florida, the number of Hispanics registered to vote has increased 14.6% during the 2016 election cycle, nearly identical to a 14.4% increase before the 2012 election.

The findings show that Hispanics will play a larger role in the 2016 election, as the country's largest minority group continues increasing its share of the U.S. electorate, which has grown from 10% in 2012 to 12% now.

The data make clear, however, that Hispanic advocacy groups, the Democratic Party and party presidential nominee Hillary Clinton have yet to take advantage of Trump's disparaging remarks and tough immigration enforcement views.

Last year, in announcing his presidential run, Trump said of some Mexicans coming into the U.S.: "They’re bringing drugs. They’re bringing crime. They’re rapists. And some, I assume, are good people.” He also has called for construction of a wall along the border paid for by Mexico and questioned the qualifications of a U.S.-born federal judge because he was "Mexican."

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Ali Noorani, executive director of the National Immigration Forum, a Washington-based group that advocates for immigrants' rights, blames both political parties for not doing enough to court Hispanics.

"Republicans are ignoring this growing electorate," Noorani said. "And these numbers show that Democrats are leaving a lot of votes on the table too."

Clinton's campaign has used a variety of strategies to court Hispanics. The campaign has run 40 TV ads and 24 radio ads, and pushed its message through newspapers and social media in Spanish and English targeting Hispanics. The campaign created phone banks so female Hispanic supporters call Hispanic women in the community. And the campaign has programs focused on Hispanic small businesses, Hispanic religious leaders and is even using undocumented immigrants to lobby for Clinton's policies to protect them from deportation.

Hispanic advocacy groups, such as the National Council of La Raza, have held their traditional voter registration drives. Spanish-language media organizations, such as Univision, have also led voter registration efforts. Even taco trucks have become a place to register after a Trump surrogate warned about unfettered immigration leading to a flood of taco trucks on every street corner.

Xochitl Hinojosa, a spokeswoman for Clinton's campaign, said even the slightest gains in Hispanic registrations can help decide the race in swing states like North Carolina.

"That is why we're doing everything we can to register and turnout Latino voters," she said. "We've invested in the Latino community since day one of this campaign, and will continue to do so until Election Day."

The Trump campaign did not respond to requests for comment.

Analyzing how Hispanics are registering to vote across different states is difficult. The secretaries of state of most states publish the total number of people who have registered to vote and many break that down by party affiliation, but very few provide data that identifies Hispanic voters.

To get around those limitations, USA TODAY used data from the Pew Research Center to identify the five counties with the largest population of Hispanics in each of 10 swing states: Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Iowa, Michigan, Nevada, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia and Wisconsin.

The analysis compared voter registration data from election officials in each state from the beginning of 2015 through the end of the summer of 2016. (States report voter registration data at different times, but most started around Jan. 1, 2015, and ended around Sept. 1, 2016.) USA TODAY then looked at the same time period in 2012.

USA TODAY also looked at voter registration data in the two states that provide detailed data on Hispanic voter registrations: Florida and North Carolina.

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Mark Hugo Lopez, director of Hispanic research at the Pew Research Center, analyzed USA TODAY's findings and described them as a "good barometer we should be using" for measuring Hispanic voter registrations given the limited data available. He said some Hispanics are definitely registering specifically to oppose Trump, but the overall numbers show that Hispanic voting numbers would have risen with or without Trump as the Republican nominee.

"It looks like this year is no different in terms of the growth of the number of Hispanic registered voters," he said.

Here are some of the findings: