Argentina’s Senate is set to debate a bill on Wednesday that would legalize abortion for pregnancies up to 14 weeks. The vote, in a predominantly Catholic nation that is also the home of Pope Francis, is expected to reverberate throughout the region.

If the bill passes and is signed into law, Argentina will become the most populous nation to legalize abortion in Latin America, a region where strict abortion laws are the norm and where Catholic teaching has steered policy for decades.

Now, abortion in Argentina is allowed only in cases of rape or if the pregnancy poses a risk to the mother’s health. Women getting abortions can be charged with a crime and imprisoned under the current law, although that happens very rarely.

Here’s what you need to know about the debate.

How did this rise to the top of Argentina’s political agenda?

The effort to loosen the country’s abortion laws is decades old, but it got a boost from the movement Ni Una Menos (Not One Less), which was formed in 2015 to raise awareness about violence against women.