here.4. May 2012: Added alternative explanation for the beach scene in the last chapter.Spoiler-free TL;DR version:Sundome is at its core a touching coming of age story for an adult audience which features a surprisingly complex relationship between the main characters but is somewhat marred by pacing problems, uneven art and a slightly rushed ending.FROM THIS POINT ON THERE WILL BE MAJOR SPOILERS. YOU'VE BEEN WARNED!Let's get the most obvious thing out of the way first. The manga has no lack of very graphic sex scenes. While you'll never see full-frontal shots of exposed genitalia (but a lot of barely covered ones) and everything involving them (penetration shots, blowjobs, etc.) the art and composition of the panels leaves very little to the imagination of the reader. That's why this review will often come back to mentioning sex because there's effectively so much of it and it is heavily used to portray the story and character development. Now I don't mind sex in manga. To the contrary, I find most manga, especially those dealing with romance, frustratingly sterile and detached from reality because they usually portray a world and humans which don't exist in the world in which I happen to live. Here people beginning from their early to mid teenage years have all kinds of sexual experiences and don't become hand-waving, stuttering morons just because they’ve slightly touched each other's hand (well, maybe on the first date) and are waiting to reach some level kind of pure love ideal before they get down and dirty (if ever). It doesn't work like this anymore and I'm not sure it ever has. So it was rather refreshing that Sundome gets down to business from the get-go. Effectively it reverses the usual relationship progression: Instead of the protagonists slowly building up a bond before even considering sexual contact, in Sundome they start out with sex and develop the emotional relationship afterwards as time goes by. And the sex in this manga is most effective when it is used to portray the evolving relationship between the protagonists. Unfortunately the manga also all too often lowers itself to the level of mere hentai with crotch shots (including swollen vaginas), unnecessary cleavage shots (including nipple flashes) and bad sexual innuendo. It serves little purpose other than to arouse the reader in a clunky way which cheapens the aforementioned better usage in other parts which are integral to the plot.The story is mostly told from the perspective of a male teenage character with short interludes to the other cast members. Another similarity to hentai (other than misuse of female characters) is the initial setting of the manga. So we have a wimp (Aiba Hideo) who is an outsider in his own class and hangs around with other wimps as part of an after-school club. Being the collection of outcasts that they are, they twisted the interpretation of their involuntary situation (seemingly not having any hope of getting into a relationship) into a commendable trait which is to be sustained in order to concentrate on a successful feature. Well, unsurprisingly most humans will try to have the best outlook on their current situation, especially if they are under the impression that it is not in their ability to change it. So one day there's this new transfer student who happens to be a cute and sociable girl and for some inexplicable reason develops a strong sexual affection for the main character (out of all people) and even joins the club of dorks. While the manga provides some rationalization for this unlikely event you'll still have to pretty much accept this plot contrivance. The second protagonist is the transfer student, a girl called Sahana Kurumi. I'll retain the name usage of the manga and refer to the characters as they referred to each other most of the time. Anyway, Aiba and Kurumi develop a partly very bizarre relationship which has very strong S/M undertones where our male lead gets to be the submissive part. Surprisingly the mangaka uses this often quite effectively to portray the growing trust and affection between the protagonists. As the intensity and location of their games changes it requires them to reveal quite a bit about themselves in the process.The manga differentiates between sex and intimacy which do not necessarily coincide. Intimacy requires a certain amount of trust. That's why prostitution is lacking any kind of intimacy because while the people involved may exchange body fluids they are not opening up to each other. This is the reason why the first kiss between Aiba and Kurumi, long after they have gone through various stages of groping, is nevertheless far more intensive than any preceding, more explicit stuff because it elevates their relationship emotionally and shows their deepening bond. But the growing intimacy in the manga doesn't stop at the sexual level. It's also expressed by having the characters expose their emotional ("weak") side to their loved one and not being afraid of each other in situations of distress and hurt (to a certain extent as explained later).Aiba is an interesting but somewhat problematic character. Over the course of the manga you get a strong impression of him being a rather self-centered individual which made him somewhat difficult to like at times. He is mostly concerned with the immediate satisfaction of his sexual desires. He tends to interpret situations in a way that they revolve around him (i.e. he doesn’t consider that he might not be the at the center of the happenings). In other cases he’ll choose the explanation which is least likely to interfere with getting dirty with Kurumi. The manga constantly foreshadows that Kurumi is suffering from a terminal illness and Aiba gets several hints repeatedly toward the fact that something is seriously wrong with her health yet for most of the time he outright chooses to ignore the unpleasant realities. Take Kurumi's doctor, for instance, who is a character intended to lay a false trail for the reader (but at about the middle of the manga it becomes evident that he serves another purpose). Aiba never considers that the middle-aged man might not be some kind of sugar daddy because otherwise he'd have to face the unpleasant truth. Even in situations where Kurumi is hurt, shows him genuine affection or shares her sentiments with him his thoughts always quickly return to his libido and disregarding other the person's feelings in the process. He’s making up questionable rationalizations that not pressing any issues is an expression of trust towards Kurumi but there is a point where his behavior is more like willingly looking the other way for the sake of convenience. I’ve even had the slight suspicion that the few times that he tried to talk about possible problems he was conscious of the fact that Kurumi would try to change the topic by any means possible (including sexual favors). Now I'm not solely blaming him for his behavior because he *is* a boy in the prime of his puberty after all who is experiencing his first sexual acts with a girl. Additionally this is also the kind of relationship Kurumi fostered herself and it was their way of expressing feelings but nevertheless that does not completely excuse him for being times and again rather egoistic and insensitive. In the end though it’s hard to dislike Aiba. Similar to how a touching story is buried under a pile of sex scenes in Sundome, I believe that there’s also a core of genuine love for his girlfriend behind all his selfish acts which is repeatedly and prominently displayed in certain key scenes where his affection for her overcomes him.As previously mentioned Kurumi is the female protagonist of the manga. The plot makes no big secret of the fact that she is destined to die rather sooner than later due to some unspecified illness. And she knows it from the very beginning. Yet one could ask why would this girl, who knows that her remaining time is very limited, go to school regularly and even start a strange relationship with one of her classmates? It’s because she yearns for normality and control. Everyday school life provides a diversion from her ever progressing illness and Aiba allows her to exert control again, which at the same time she is slowly losing over her own body. It’s a sentiment that I’ve read repeatedly being expressed by cancer patients: The unnerving feeling that your body betrays you and you are powerless to do anything about it. Indirectly she regains some degree of control by controlling the sexual urges of her boyfriend. At the same time she makes sure that after her passing there would be someone left to remember her. It’s a very basic yet powerful sentiment and it’s enforced in the ending scene and the various flashbacks from Aiba throughout the manga when he mentions his pleasant memories of her. She is also the origin of the manga’s title “Sundome” which according to Wikipedia means “stopping the moment before”. At first this only seems to refer to their arrangement she imposed on their relationship that she’ll never have intercourse with him or get him off directly (though she allows and encourages more and more intimate sexual games as their bond deepens), but this restriction also extends to their relationship as a whole. They get increasingly close to each other over time but shortly before opening up fully to him (about her illness and her fears) she stops and refuses let their intimacy grow to this point. After all, allowing someone to accompany your last part of life when you are most vulnerable is one of the ultimate expressions of trust and intimacy. To be honest her motivations for this remained unclear to me. Why did she close off that part of her life from Aiba? Why did she not clear up the obvious misunderstanding about her doctor? Was it because she wanted to enjoy normality as long as possible? Was it because she didn’t want to be confronted with her past which is hinted to be marked by a tragedy? Was it because it threatened the arrangement in their relationship in which she was the dominant part? The character of Kurumi remains delightfully mysterious even after the last chapter and allows the reader for some healthy speculation.Besides the two main characters there are several minor characters which appear in most chapters. They are members of the same after-school club Aiba and Kurumi belong to. Unlike the protagonists they are far less developed and act mostly as comic relief with their strange fetishes, looks and behaviors. At one point the manga makes a feeble attempt to flesh out some characters like Kyouko, the only other regular female who is quite good-looking and a non-official member of the club (and constantly reminds me Aisha ClanClan from Outlaw Star). A possible explanation is provided why she hangs out with a bunch of dorks in the first place but this endeavor remains woefully underdeveloped (although it is hinted that Kyouko is more perceptive than initially assumed as it is indicated that she knows of Aiba’s and Kurumi’s secret relationship). While I have grown fond of the side characters after an initial dislike due to an overload of overdone comedy they remain one of the weakest parts of the manga because their shallowness is in stark contrast with the well-developed protagonists and this again is often at odds with the tragic undertones of the story. The mangaka also uses them far too often to set up a rather formulaic chapter/plot structure where the club would decide on some activity which would lead to sexual escapades and some light humor. While initially fun it grows tiresome after it has been repeated a dozen times.Which brings me to the general problem of pacing. The initial third of the manga has great forward momentum and the relationship of the characters is constantly evolving which is refreshing compared to many other romance mangas which suffer from an eternal status quo where nothing ever seems to have a lasting effect and all characters at the end of a chapter are the same as at the beginning. The beginning is not without its own faults, especially the first couple of chapters, which mainly deal with the strange after-school club but a combination of apparent chemistry between the main characters and a fascination for the weird fetishes presented from early on is enough to get through the beginning. Some routine creeps into the manga in the middle part caused by recurrent plots which seldom add anything valuable to the overall story or the individual characters. Worse, it also extends to the main characters to a certain extent in which they and the reader are trapped in a routine without their relationship progressing meaningfully. The manga picks up momentum again at the end as Kurumi’s illness becomes more apparent but even then there are still too many goofy comedy and wank chapters and not in the tragicomedy kind of way but the mood-destroying, distracting one. This is in stark contrast with the increasing gravity of the situation and the genuine concern which I developed for the main characters at this point.This brings me to the end scene at the beach. I had to read it several times and inspect the panels carefully to make sure that I was not misinterpreting the situation. I was not. Unfortunately. WTF NECROPHILIA?! Now, this manga has its fair share of strange fetishes but this one was a level above the other stuff. Whatever you might think of their sexual preferences at least it was all clearly consensual. The rape of her lifeless body was not since he clearly violated the condition she imposed on him: “Let’s have sex once I wake up.” which she never did being dead and all. I think I know what the mangaka intended with the scene: Portraying that in the end the sundome part of the relationship was kept intact until the bitter end and he only got the chance to finally have “normal” sex with her after her demise but COME ON, a less creepy way wouldn’t have lowered the quality of the plot in the slightest (rather the contrary!) and it damages Aiba as a character by having him blatantly ignore Kurumi's wishes which up to this point he (mostly) adhered to. In general I wish there would have been an emotionally more satisfying end to the story like a classical conversation between those two for once without the constant sexual undertones where they articulate their relationship in words. The last few chapters seemed rushed and brought the story to an end rather abruptly. I do not expect every detail to be presented on a silver plate but I wish that at least the aftermath of the tragic ending would some shed some more light about Kurumi’s past and how the members of the club fared in the future in more detail to provide a better sense of closure.[04.05.2012] Yet something has been bothering me about the composition of the scene since I've finished the manga (well, something besides the necrophilia aspect) and I think I have a clearer picture of what it is now: The position of her right arm seems rather unnatural if you start with the assumption that she was already dead when Aiba started having intercourse with her. I'd rather expect that the arm would be closer to the body and not bend behind the head unless Aiba positioned the arm himself and there's little reason why he should do it in the first place. So let's change the assumption to Kurumi being alive at the beginning of the intercourse and that she died in the process. That would offer a better explanation for the position of the arm. Maybe she caressed Aiba's face and it came to rest there when her life faded away or she used it to stabilize her head. Another advantage of this explanation is that it is not so damaging to Aiba's character as he wouldn't have disregarded Kurumi's wishes in the end by raping her lifeless body while still keeping the sundome aspect intact (he didn't come while she was alive after all). I don't think it's a problem that she said she wouldn't have ever sex with him as she made the proclamation at the very beginning of their relationship, long before they developed their deep bond, so it's only natural that her opinion might have changed, especially at the end of her life (if it ever was serious in the first place and not only used to tease him).[/04.05.2012]The art is a mixed bag. As with the rest of the manga I’m not very fond of the comedy parts and this extends to the art which ranges from stylized (comedy) to highly detailed and realistic (serious business). There’s a correlation between the emotional intensity of individual scenes and the artwork. The sexual scenes are usually kept in a realistic style (with exceptions where the inappropriate humor sneaks in) and some of the most intense scenes are also the best drawn ones with imaginative and dramatic panel layouts and content. This is probably partly owned to the fact that realistically drawn sex scenes sell better but it also helps to connect with the characters. Which in turn the overuse of the comedy styles often makes it more difficult. In general the art is nothing to write about but serviceable.While reading I had this general impression of duality regarding many aspects of the manga including the characters, the art and the pacing. Moments of seriousness and genuine affection between characters take quick turns with utterly silly scenes including sudden changes of the general art, often even within the same scene. This makes reading kinda jarring at times because there are touching scenes with a carefully build up mood which is destroyed in an instant when we suddenly switch to humor mode. The manga is at its best when it resists the urge to change moods suddenly but maintains it for the whole scene. Alas, more often than not it feels like two different mangas were forced into one setting. Humor and serious scenes do not exclude each other automatically but it takes a very good writer to pull this off and unfortunately Okada Kazuto is not one of those. In my opinion he would have done himself a favor by separating these two aspects more clearly and maybe even tone down the humor towards the end as the tragic aspects of the story become more apparent.Can I recommend the manga? Yes, with reservations. If you can stomach the bad parts and some lame filler content and extract the good parts while reading then a rather fascinating story with interesting characters awaits you. Oh, and you should not be put off by strange fetishes obviously.