2. “benefit” includes any gratuity, commission, cross commission, bonus, refund, discount, dividend and any other payment, service or advantage of whatever description, but does not include — (a) the purchase of a sample of a commodity furnished at a price not exceeding the cost of the sample and which is not for resale; and (b) time and effort spent in pursuit of sales, distribution or recruiting activities; “commodity” means any goods, service, right or other property, whether tangible or intangible, capable of being the subject of a sale, lease or licence; “company” means a company as defined in the Companies Act (Cap. 50) and includes a corporation as defined in that Act; “multi-level marketing scheme or arrangement” has the same meaning as “pyramid selling scheme or arrangement” in this Act; “promote”, with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions, includes to manage, form, operate, carry on, engage in or otherwise to organise; “pyramid selling scheme or arrangement” means any scheme or arrangement for the distribution or the purported distribution of a commodity whereby — (a) a person may in any manner acquire a commodity or a right or a licence to acquire the commodity for sale, lease, licence or other distribution; (b) that person receives any benefit, directly or indirectly, as a result of — (i) the recruitment, acquisition, action or performance of one or more additional participants in the scheme or arrangement; or (ii) the sale, lease, licence or other distribution of the commodity by one or more additional participants in the scheme or arrangement; and (c) any benefit is or may be received by any other person who promotes, or participates in, the scheme or arrangement (other than a person referred to in paragraph (a) or an additional participant referred to in paragraph (b)). [19/2000] —(1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires — (2) In this Act, “pyramid selling scheme or arrangement” shall be taken not to include such schemes or arrangements for the sale, lease, licence or other distribution of a commodity, or any class of such schemes or arrangements, as the Minister may by order prescribe, subject to such terms or conditions as may be specified in the order. [19/2000] (3) Any reference in this Act to the winding up of a company includes, in the case of a foreign company, a reference to the winding up of the affairs of a foreign company so far as the assets of the foreign company within Singapore are concerned.