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113th CONGRESS

1st Session

S. 1782

To provide for health care for every American and to control the cost and enhance the quality of the health care system.

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

December 9, 2013

Mr. Sanders introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance

A BILL

To provide for health care for every American and to control the cost and enhance the quality of the health care system.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. Short title.

This Act may be cited as the “American Health Security Act of 2013”.

SEC. 2. Findings; sense of the Senate.

(a) Findings.—Congress finds as follows:

(1) While the United States of America spends on average nearly twice as much per capita on health care services as the next most costly nation, the United States ranks 32d among all nations on life expectancy, and 41st on infant mortality.

(2) The number of uninsured Americans held at an unacceptable rate of 15.7 percent in 2011, more than 48,000,000 Americans.

(3) This is the result of a continued decline in private health coverage, primarily in employer-sponsored insurance.

(4) Small businesses around the country cannot afford to reinvest in their companies and create new jobs because their health care bills are going up 10 or 15 percent every year.

(5) American businesses are at an economic disadvantage, because their health care costs are so much higher than in other countries. Notably, automobile manufacturers spend more on health care per automobile than on steel.

(b) Sense of the Senate concerning urgency of a Medicare-for-All type single payer health care system.—It is the sense of the Senate that the 113th Congress should enact a Medicare-for-All Single Payer Health Care System to make American companies more competitive and to stimulate job creation.

(c) Sense of the Senate concerning the status of health care.—It is the sense of the Senate that the 113th Congress should recognize and proclaim that health care is a human right.

(d) Sense of the Senate concerning State flexibility.—It is the sense of the Senate that in order to provide high quality health care coverage for all Americans while controlling costs in order to make American companies more competitive, individual States should be given maximum flexibility in designing health care programs to improve the individual experience of care and the health of populations, and to reduce the per capita costs of care for each State.

(e) Sense of the Senate concerning a new health care system.—It is the sense of the Senate that—

(1) a new single payer health care system should build on achievements and commitments in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Public Law 111–148) and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (Public Law 111–152), to strengthen primary care and public health, to raise the quality of patient care, to develop new models of patient care, to develop the capacity of the healthcare workforce, to increase transparency in the payment of health care system costs, and to strengthen enforcement against fraud and abuse;

(2) the possibilities of achieving efficiencies through integrated care are within reach with the spread of electronic support systems, health information exchanges, and the possibilities for virtual integration and instant communication; and

(3) policies should be put in place to ensure higher quality, better prevention, and lower per capita costs, including—

(A) global budget caps on total health care spending;

(B) measurement of and fixed accountability for the health status and health needs of designated populations;

(C) improved standardized measures of care and per capita costs across sites and through time that are transparent; and

(D) changes in professional education curricula to ensure that clinicians are enabled to change and improve their processes of care.

SEC. 3. Table of contents.

The table of contents of this Act is as follows:

SEC. 101. Establishment of a State-based American Health Security Program.

(a) In general.—There is hereby established in the United States a State-based American Health Security Program to be administered by the individual States in accordance with Federal standards specified in, or established under, this Act.

(b) State health security programs.—In order for a State to be eligible to receive payment under section 604, a State shall establish a State health security program in accordance with this Act.

(c) State defined.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—In this Act, subject to paragraph (2), the term “State” means each of the 50 States and the District of Columbia.

(2) ELECTION.—If the Governor of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, or the Northern Mariana Islands certifies to the President that the legislature of the Commonwealth or territory has enacted legislation desiring that the Commonwealth or territory be included as a State under the provisions of this Act, such Commonwealth or territory shall be included as a “State” under this Act beginning January 1 of the first year beginning 90 days after the President receives the notification.

SEC. 102. Universal entitlement.

(a) In general.—Every individual who is a resident of the United States is entitled to benefits for health care services under this Act under the appropriate State health security program. In this section, the term “appropriate State health security program” means, with respect to an individual, the State health security program for the State in which the individual maintains a primary residence.

(b) Treatment of other individuals.—

(1) BY BOARD.—The Board also may make eligible for benefits for health care services under the appropriate State health security program under this Act other individuals not described in subsection (a), and regulate the nature of the eligibility of such individuals, in order—

(A) to preserve the public health of communities;

(B) to compensate States for the additional health care financing burdens created by such individuals; and

(C) to prevent adverse financial and medical consequences of uncompensated care,

while inhibiting travel and immigration to the United States for the sole purpose of obtaining health care services.

(2) BY STATES.—Any State health security program may make individuals described in paragraph (1) eligible for benefits at the expense of the State.

SEC. 103. Enrollment.

(a) In general.—Each State health security program shall provide a mechanism for the enrollment of individuals entitled or eligible for benefits under this Act. The mechanism shall—

(1) include a process for the automatic enrollment of individuals at the time of birth in the United States and at the time of legal immigration into the United States or other acquisition of resident status in the United States;

(2) provide for the enrollment, as of January 1, 2015, of all individuals who are eligible to be enrolled as of such date; and

(3) include a process for the enrollment of individuals made eligible for health care services under subsections (b) and (c) of section 102.

(b) Availability of applications.—Each State health security program shall make applications for enrollment under the program available—

(1) at employment and payroll offices of employers located in the State;

(2) at local offices of the Social Security Administration;

(3) at social services locations;

(4) at out-reach sites (such as provider and practitioner locations, especially community health centers); and

(5) at other locations (including post offices and schools) accessible to a broad cross-section of individuals eligible to enroll.

(c) Issuance of health security cards.—In conjunction with an individual’s enrollment for benefits under this Act, the State health security program shall provide for the issuance of a health security card (to be referred to as a “smart card”) that shall be used for purposes of identification and processing of claims for benefits under the program. The State health security program may provide for issuance of such cards by employers for purposes of carrying out enrollment pursuant to subsection (a)(2).

SEC. 104. Portability of benefits.

(a) In general.—To ensure continuous access to benefits for health care services covered under this Act, each State health security program—

(1) shall not impose any minimum period of residence in the State before residents of the State are entitled to, or eligible for, such benefits under the program;

(2) shall provide continuation of payment for covered health care services to individuals who have terminated their residence in the State and established their residence in another State, for the duration of any waiting period imposed in the State of new residency for establishing entitlement to, or eligibility for, such services; and

(3) shall provide for the payment for health care services covered under this Act provided to individuals while temporarily absent from the State based on the following principles:

(A) Payment for such health care services is at the rate that is approved by the State health security program in the State in which the services are provided, unless the States concerned agree to apportion the cost between them in a different manner.

(B) Payment for such health care services provided outside the United States is made on the basis of the amount that would have been paid by the State health security program for similar services rendered in the State, with due regard, in the case of hospital services, to the size of the hospital, standards of service, and other relevant factors.

(b) Cross-Border arrangements.—A State health security program for a State may negotiate with such a program in an adjacent State a reciprocal arrangement for the coverage under such other program of health care services to enrollees residing in the border region.

SEC. 105. Effective date of benefits.

Benefits shall first be available under this Act for items and services furnished on or after January 1, 2015.

SEC. 106. Relationship to existing Federal health programs.

(a) Medicare, medicaid and State children’s health insurance program (SCHIP).—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, subject to paragraph (2)—

(A) no benefits shall be available under title XVIII of the Social Security Act for any item or service furnished after December 31, 2014;

(B) no individual is entitled to medical assistance under a State plan approved under title XIX of such Act for any item or service furnished after such date;

(C) no individual is entitled to medical assistance under an SCHIP plan under title XXI of such Act for any item or service furnished after such date; and

(D) no payment shall be made to a State under section 1903(a) or 2105(a) of such Act with respect to medical assistance or child health assistance for any item or service furnished after such date.

(2) TRANSITION.—In the case of inpatient hospital services and extended care services during a continuous period of stay which began before January 1, 2015, and which had not ended as of such date, for which benefits are provided under title XVIII, under a State plan under title XIX, or a State child health plan under title XXI, of the Social Security Act, the Secretary of Health and Human Services and each State plan, respectively, shall provide for continuation of benefits under such title or plan until the end of the period of stay.

(b) Federal employees health benefits program.—No benefits shall be made available under chapter 89 of title 5, United States Code, for any part of a coverage period occurring after December 31, 2014.

(c) TRICARE.—No benefits shall be made available under sections 1079 and 1086 of title 10, United States Code, for items or services furnished after December 31, 2014.

(d) Treatment of benefits for veterans and native americans.—Nothing in this Act shall affect the eligibility of veterans for the medical benefits and services provided under title 38, United States Code, or of Indians for the medical benefits and services provided by or through the Indian Health Service.

(e) Treatment of premium credits, cost-Sharing reductions, and small employer credits.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—For each calendar year, the Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer to the American Health Security Trust Fund an amount equal to the sum of—

(A) the premium assistance credit amount which would have been allowable to taxpayers residing in such State in such calendar year under section 36B of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to refundable credit for coverage under a qualified health plan), as added by section 1401 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, if such section were in effect for such year,

(B) the amount of cost-sharing reductions which would have been required with respect to eligible insured residing in such State in such calendar year under section 1402 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act if such section were in effect for such year, plus

(C) the amount of tax credits which would have been allowable to eligible small employers doing business in such State in such calendar year under section 45R of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 if such section were in effect for such calendar year.

(2) DETERMINATION.—The amounts determined under paragraph (1) shall be estimated by the Secretary of the Treasury in consultation with the Secretary of Health and Human Services.

SEC. 107. Repeal of provisions related to the State exchanges.

Title I of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Public Law 111–148) (and the amendments made by title I) is repealed.

SEC. 201. Comprehensive benefits.

(a) In general.—Subject to the succeeding provisions of this title, individuals enrolled for benefits under this Act are entitled to have payment made under a State health security program for the following items and services if medically necessary or appropriate for the maintenance of health or for the diagnosis, treatment, or rehabilitation of a health condition:

(1) HOSPITAL SERVICES.—Inpatient and outpatient hospital care, including 24-hour-a-day emergency services.

(2) PROFESSIONAL SERVICES.—Professional services of health care practitioners authorized to provide health care services under State law, including patient education and training in self-management techniques.

(3) COMMUNITY-BASED PRIMARY HEALTH SERVICES.—Community-based primary health services (as defined in section 202(a)).

(4) PREVENTIVE SERVICES.—Preventive services (as defined in section 202(b)).

(5) LONG-TERM, ACUTE, AND CHRONIC CARE SERVICES.—

(A) Nursing facility services.

(B) Home health services.

(C) Home and community-based long-term care services (as defined in section 202(c)) for individuals described in section 203(a).

(D) Hospice care.

(E) Services in intermediate care facilities for individuals with an intellectual disability.

(6) PRESCRIPTION DRUGS, BIOLOGICALS, INSULIN, MEDICAL FOODS.—

(A) Outpatient prescription drugs and biologics, as specified by the Board consistent with section 615.

(B) Insulin.

(C) Medical foods (as defined in section 202(e)).

(7) DENTAL SERVICES.—Dental services (as defined in section 202(h)).

(8) MENTAL HEALTH AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT SERVICES.—Mental health and substance abuse treatment services (as defined in section 202(f)).

(9) DIAGNOSTIC TESTS.—Diagnostic tests.

(10) OTHER ITEMS AND SERVICES.—

(A) OUTPATIENT THERAPY.—Outpatient physical therapy services, outpatient speech pathology services, and outpatient occupational therapy services in all settings.

(B) DURABLE MEDICAL EQUIPMENT.—Durable medical equipment.

(C) HOME DIALYSIS.—Home dialysis supplies and equipment.

(D) AMBULANCE.—Emergency ambulance service.

(E) PROSTHETIC DEVICES.—Prosthetic devices, including replacements of such devices.

(F) ADDITIONAL ITEMS AND SERVICES.—Such other medical or health care items or services as the Board may specify.

(b) Prohibition of balance billing.—As provided in section 531, no person may impose a charge for covered services for which benefits are provided under this Act.

(c) No duplicate health insurance.—Each State health security program shall prohibit the sale of health insurance in the State if payment under the insurance duplicates payment for any items or services for which payment may be made under such a program.

(d) State program may provide additional benefits.—Nothing in this Act shall be construed as limiting the benefits that may be made available under a State health security program to residents of the State at the expense of the State.

(e) Employers may provide additional benefits.—Nothing in this Act shall be construed as limiting the additional benefits that an employer may provide to employees or their dependents, or to former employees or their dependents.

(f) Taft-Hartley and MEW benefit plans.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a health plan may be provided for under a collective bargaining agreement or a MEWA if such plan is limited to coverage that is supplemental to the coverage provided for under the State-based American Health Security Program and available only to employees or their dependents or to retirees or their dependents.

SEC. 202. Definitions relating to services.

(a) Community-Based primary health services.—In this title, the term “community-based primary health services” means ambulatory health services furnished—

(1) by a rural health clinic;

(2) by a federally qualified health center (as defined in section 1905(l)(2)(B) of the Social Security Act), and which, for purposes of this Act, include services furnished by State and local health agencies;

(3) in a school-based setting;

(4) by public educational agencies and other providers of services to children entitled to assistance under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act for services furnished pursuant to a written Individualized Family Services Plan or Individual Education Plan under such Act; and

(5) public and private nonprofit entities receiving Federal assistance under the Public Health Service Act.

(b) Preventive services.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—In this title, the term “preventive services” means items and services—

(A) which—

(i) are specified in paragraph (2); or

(ii) the Board determines to be effective in the maintenance and promotion of health or minimizing the effect of illness, disease, or medical condition; and

(B) which are provided consistent with the periodicity schedule established under paragraph (3).

(2) SPECIFIED PREVENTIVE SERVICES.—The services specified in this paragraph are as follows:

(A) Immunizations recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

(B) Prenatal and well-baby care (for infants under 1 year of age).

(C) Well-child care (including periodic physical examinations, hearing and vision screening, and developmental screening and examinations) for individuals under 18 years of age, including evidence-informed preventive care and screenings included in the comprehensive guidelines of the Health Resources and Services Administration.

(D) Periodic screening mammography, Pap smears, and colorectal examinations and examinations for prostate cancer.

(E) Physical examinations.

(F) Family planning services.

(G) Routine eye examinations, eyeglasses, and contact lenses.

(H) Hearing aids, but only upon a determination of a certified audiologist or physician that a hearing problem exists and is caused by a condition that can be corrected by use of a hearing aid.

(I) Evidence-based items or services that have in effect a rating of “A” or “B” in the current recommendations of the United States Preventive Services Task Force.

(J) With respect to women, such additional preventive care and screenings not described in subparagraph (I) that are included in the comprehensive guidelines of the Health Resources and Services Administration.

(3) SCHEDULE.—The Board shall establish, in consultation with experts in preventive medicine and public health and taking into consideration those preventive services recommended by the Preventive Services Task Force and published as the Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, a periodicity schedule for the coverage of preventive services under paragraph (1). Such schedule shall take into consideration the cost-effectiveness of appropriate preventive care and shall be revised not less frequently than once every 5 years, in consultation with experts in preventive medicine and public health.

(c) Home and community-Based long-Term care services.—In this title, the term “home and community-based long-term care services” means the following services provided to an individual to enable the individual to remain in such individual’s place of residence within the community:

(1) Home health aide services.

(2) Adult day health care, social day care or psychiatric day care.

(3) Medical social work services.

(4) Care coordination services, as defined in subsection (g)(1).

(5) Respite care, including training for informal caregivers.

(6) Personal assistance services, and homemaker services (including meals) incidental to the provision of personal assistance services.

(d) Home health services.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The term “home health services” means items and services described in section 1861(m) of the Social Security Act and includes home infusion services.

(2) HOME INFUSION SERVICES.—The term “home infusion services” includes the nursing, pharmacy, and related services that are necessary to conduct the home infusion of a drug regimen safely and effectively under a plan established and periodically reviewed by a physician and that are provided in compliance with quality assurance requirements established by the Secretary.

(e) Medical foods.—In this title, the term “medical foods” means foods which are formulated to be consumed or administered enterally under the supervision of a physician and which are intended for the specific dietary management of a disease or condition for which distinctive nutritional requirements, based on recognized scientific principles, are established by medical evaluation.

(f) Mental health and substance abuse treatment services.—

(1) SERVICES DESCRIBED.—In this title, the term “mental health and substance abuse treatment services” means the following services related to the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of mental illness and promotion of mental health:

(A) INPATIENT HOSPITAL SERVICES.—Inpatient hospital services furnished primarily for the diagnosis or treatment of mental illness or substance abuse if (with respect to services furnished to an individual described in section 204(b)(1)) such services are furnished in conformity with the plan of an organized system of care for mental health and substance abuse services in accordance with section 204(b)(2).

(B) INTENSIVE RESIDENTIAL SERVICES.—Intensive residential services (as defined in paragraph (2)).

(C) OUTPATIENT SERVICES.—Outpatient treatment services of mental illness or substance abuse (other than intensive community-based services under subparagraph (D)) for an unlimited number of days during any calendar year furnished in accordance with standards established by the Secretary for the management of such services, and, in the case of services furnished to an individual described in section 204(b)(1) who is not an inpatient of a hospital, in conformity with the plan of an organized system of care for mental health and substance abuse services in accordance with section 204(b)(2).

(D) INTENSIVE COMMUNITY-BASED SERVICES.—Intensive community-based services (as described in paragraph (3)).

(2) INTENSIVE RESIDENTIAL SERVICES DEFINED.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subparagraphs (B) and (C), the term “intensive residential services” means inpatient services provided in any of the following facilities:

(i) Residential detoxification centers.

(ii) Crisis residential programs or mental illness residential treatment programs.

(iii) Therapeutic family or group treatment homes.

(iv) Residential centers for substance abuse treatment.

(B) REQUIREMENTS FOR FACILITIES.—No service may be treated as an intensive residential service under subparagraph (A) unless the facility at which the service is provided—

(i) is legally authorized to provide such service under the law of the State (or under a State regulatory mechanism provided by State law) in which the facility is located or is certified to provide such service by an appropriate accreditation entity approved by the State in consultation with the Secretary; and

(ii) meets such other requirements as the Secretary may impose to ensure the quality of the intensive residential services provided.

(C) SERVICES FURNISHED TO AT-RISK CHILDREN.—In the case of services furnished to an individual described in section 204(b)(1), no service may be treated as an intensive residential service under this subsection unless the service is furnished in conformity with the plan of an organized system of care for mental health and substance abuse services in accordance with section 204(b)(2).

(D) MANAGEMENT STANDARDS.—No service may be treated as an intensive residential service under subparagraph (A) unless the service is furnished in accordance with standards established by the Secretary for the management of such services.

(3) INTENSIVE COMMUNITY-BASED SERVICES DEFINED.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—The term “intensive community-based services” means the items and services described in subparagraph (B) prescribed by a physician (or, in the case of services furnished to an individual described in section 204(b)(1), by an organized system of care for mental health and substance abuse services in accordance with such section) and provided under a program described in subparagraph (D) under the supervision of a physician (or, to the extent permitted under the law of the State in which the services are furnished, a non-physician mental health professional) pursuant to an individualized, written plan of treatment established and periodically reviewed by a physician (in consultation with appropriate staff participating in such program) which sets forth the physician’s diagnosis, the type, amount, frequency, and duration of the items and services provided under the plan, and the goals for treatment under the plan, but does not include any item or service that is not furnished in accordance with standards established by the Secretary for the management of such services.

(B) ITEMS AND SERVICES DESCRIBED.—The items and services described in this subparagraph are—

(i) partial hospitalization services consisting of the items and services described in subparagraph (C);

(ii) psychiatric rehabilitation services;

(iii) day treatment services for individuals under 19 years of age;

(iv) in-home services;

(v) case management services, including collateral services designated as such case management services by the Secretary;

(vi) ambulatory detoxification services; and

(vii) such other items and services as the Secretary may provide (but in no event to include meals and transportation),

that are reasonable and necessary for the diagnosis or active treatment of the individual’s condition, reasonably expected to improve or maintain the individual’s condition and functional level and to prevent relapse or hospitalization, and furnished pursuant to such guidelines relating to frequency and duration of services as the Secretary shall by regulation establish (taking into account accepted norms of medical practice and the reasonable expectation of patient improvement).

(C) ITEMS AND SERVICES INCLUDED AS PARTIAL HOSPITALIZATION SERVICES.—For purposes of subparagraph (B)(i), partial hospitalization services consist of the following:

(i) Individual and group therapy with physicians or psychologists (or other mental health professionals to the extent authorized under State law).

(ii) Occupational therapy requiring the skills of a qualified occupational therapist.

(iii) Services of social workers, trained psychiatric nurses, behavioral aides, and other staff trained to work with psychiatric patients (to the extent authorized under State law).

(iv) Drugs and biologicals furnished for therapeutic purposes (which cannot, as determined in accordance with regulations, be self-administered).

(v) Individualized activity therapies that are not primarily recreational or diversionary.

(vi) Family counseling (the primary purpose of which is treatment of the individual’s condition).

(vii) Patient training and education (to the extent that training and educational activities are closely and clearly related to the individual’s care and treatment).

(viii) Diagnostic services.

(D) PROGRAMS DESCRIBED.—A program described in this subparagraph is a program (whether facility-based or freestanding) which is furnished by an entity—

(i) legally authorized to furnish such a program under State law (or the State regulatory mechanism provided by State law) or certified to furnish such a program by an appropriate accreditation entity approved by the State in consultation with the Secretary; and

(ii) meeting such other requirements as the Secretary may impose to ensure the quality of the intensive community-based services provided.

(g) Care coordination services.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—In this title, the term “care coordination services” means services provided by care coordinators (as defined in paragraph (2)) to individuals described in paragraph (3) for the coordination and monitoring of home and community-based long-term care services and services offered through medical homes to ensure appropriate, cost-effective utilization of such services in a comprehensive and continuous manner, and includes—

(A) transition management between inpatient facilities and community-based services, including assisting patients in identifying and gaining access to appropriate ancillary services; and

(B) evaluating and recommending appropriate treatment services, in cooperation with patients and other providers and in conjunction with any quality review program or plan of care under section 205.

(2) CARE COORDINATOR.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—In this title, the term “care coordinator” means an individual or nonprofit or public agency or organization which the State health security program determines—

(i) is capable of performing directly, efficiently, and effectively the duties of a care coordinator described in paragraph (1); and

(ii) demonstrates capability in establishing and periodically reviewing and revising plans of care, and in arranging for and monitoring the provision and quality of services under any plan.

(B) INDEPENDENCE.—State health security programs shall establish safeguards to ensure that care coordinators have no financial interest in treatment decisions or placements. Care coordination may not be provided through any structure or mechanism through which quality review is performed.

(3) ELIGIBLE INDIVIDUALS.—An individual described in this paragraph is an individual described in section 203 (relating to individuals qualifying for long-term and chronic care services).

(h) Dental services.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—In this title, subject to subsection (b), the term “dental services” means the following:

(A) Emergency dental treatment, including extractions, for bleeding, pain, acute infections, and injuries to the maxillofacial region.

(B) Prevention and diagnosis of dental disease, including examinations of the hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity and related structures, radiographs, dental sealants, fluorides, and dental prophylaxis.

(C) Treatment of dental disease, including non-cast fillings, periodontal maintenance services, and endodontic services.

(D) Space maintenance procedures to prevent orthodontic complications.

(E) Orthodontic treatment to prevent severe malocclusions.

(F) Full dentures.

(G) Medically necessary oral health care.

(H) Any items and services for special needs patients that are not described in subparagraphs (A) through (G) and that—

(i) are required to provide such patients the items and services described in subparagraphs (A) through (G);

(ii) are required to establish oral function (including general anesthesia for individuals with physical or emotional limitations that prevent the provision of dental care without such anesthesia);

(iii) consist of orthodontic care for severe dentofacial abnormalities; or

(iv) consist of prosthetic dental devices for genetic or birth defects or fitting for such devices.

(I) Any dental care for individuals with a seizure disorder that is not described in subparagraphs (A) through (H) and that is required because of an illness, injury, disorder, or other health condition that results from such seizure disorder.

(2) LIMITATIONS.—Dental services are subject to the following limitations:

(A) PREVENTION AND DIAGNOSIS.—

(i) EXAMINATIONS AND PROPHYLAXIS.—The examinations and prophylaxis described in paragraph (1)(B) are covered only consistent with a periodicity schedule established by the Board, which schedule may provide for special treatment of individuals less than 18 years of age and of special needs patients.

(ii) DENTAL SEALANTS.—The dental sealants described in such paragraph are not covered for individuals 18 years of age or older. Such sealants are covered for individuals less than 10 years of age for protection of the 1st permanent molars. Such sealants are covered for individuals 10 years of age or older for protection of the 2d permanent molars.

(B) TREATMENT OF DENTAL DISEASE.—Prior to January 1, 2020, the items and services described in paragraph (1)(C) are covered only for individuals less than 18 years of age and special needs patients. On or after such date, such items and services are covered for all individuals enrolled for benefits under this Act, except that endodontic services are not covered for individuals 18 years of age or older.

(C) SPACE MAINTENANCE.—The items and services described in paragraph (1)(D) are covered only for individuals at least 3 years of age, but less than 13 years of age and—

(i) are limited to posterior teeth;

(ii) involve maintenance of a space or spaces for permanent posterior teeth that would otherwise be prevented from normal eruption if the space were not maintained; and

(iii) do not include a space maintainer that is placed within 6 months of the expected eruption of the permanent posterior tooth concerned.

(3) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this title:

(A) MEDICALLY NECESSARY ORAL HEALTH CARE.—The term “medically necessary oral health care” means oral health care that is required as a direct result of, or would have a direct impact on, an underlying medical condition. Such term includes oral health care directed toward control or elimination of pain, infection, or reestablishment of oral function.

(B) SPECIAL NEEDS PATIENT.—The term “special needs patient” includes an individual with a genetic or birth defect, a developmental disability, or an acquired medical disability.

(i) Nursing facility; nursing facility services.—Except as may be provided by the Board, the terms “nursing facility” and “nursing facility services” have the meanings given such terms in sections 1919(a) and 1905(f), respectively, of the Social Security Act.

(j) Services in intermediate care facilities for individuals with an intellectual disability.—Except as may be provided by the Board—

(1) the term “intermediate care facility for individuals with an intellectual disability” has the meaning given the term “intermediate care facility for individuals with mental retardation” in section 1905(d) of the Social Security Act (as in effect before the enactment of this Act); and

(2) the term “services in intermediate care facilities for individuals with an intellectual disability” means services described in section 1905(a)(15) of such Act (as so in effect) in an intermediate care facility for individuals with an intellectual disability to an individual determined to require such services in accordance with standards specified by the Board and comparable to the standards described in section 1902(a)(31)(A) of such Act (as so in effect).

(k) Other terms.—Except as may be provided by the Board, the definitions contained in section 1861 of the Social Security Act shall apply.

SEC. 203. Special rules for home and community-based long-term care services.

(a) Qualifying individuals.—For purposes of section 201(a)(5)(C), individuals described in this subsection are the following individuals:

(1) ADULTS.—Individuals 18 years of age or older determined (in a manner specified by the Board)—

(A) to be unable to perform, without the assistance of an individual, at least 2 of the following 5 activities of daily living (or who has a similar level of disability due to cognitive impairment)—

(i) bathing;

(ii) eating;

(iii) dressing;

(iv) toileting; and

(v) transferring in and out of a bed or in and out of a chair;

(B) due to cognitive or mental impairments, to require supervision because the individual behaves in a manner that poses health or safety hazards to himself or herself or others; or

(C) due to cognitive or mental impairments, to require queuing to perform activities of daily living.

(2) CHILDREN.—Individuals under 18 years of age determined (in a manner specified by the Board) to meet such alternative standard of disability for children as the Board develops. Such alternative standard shall be comparable to the standard for adults and appropriate for children.

(b) Limit on services.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The aggregate expenditures by a State health security program with respect to home and community-based long-term care services in a period (specified by the Board) may not exceed 65 percent (or such alternative ratio as the Board establishes under paragraph (2)) of the average of the amount of payment that would have been made under the program during the period if all the home-based long-term care beneficiaries had been residents of nursing facilities in the same area in which the services were provided.

(2) ALTERNATIVE RATIO.—The Board may establish for purposes of paragraph (1) an alternative ratio (of payments for home and community-based long-term care services to payments for nursing facility services) as the Board determines to be more consistent with the goal of providing cost-effective long-term care in the most appropriate and least restrictive setting.

SEC. 204. Exclusions and limitations.

(a) In general.—Subject to section 201(e), benefits for service are not available under this Act unless the services meet the standards specified in section 201(a).

(b) Special delivery requirements for mental health and substance abuse treatment services provided to At-Risk children.—

(1) REQUIRING SERVICES TO BE PROVIDED THROUGH ORGANIZED SYSTEMS OF CARE.—A State health security program shall ensure that mental health services and substance abuse treatment services are furnished through an organized system of care, as described in paragraph (2), if—

(A) the services are provided to an individual less than 22 years of age;

(B) the individual has a serious emotional disturbance or a substance abuse disorder; and

(C) the individual is, or is at imminent risk of being, subject to the authority of, or in need of the services of, at least 1 public agency that serves the needs of children, including an agency involved with child welfare, special education, juvenile justice, or criminal justice.

(2) REQUIREMENTS FOR SYSTEM OF CARE.—In this subsection, an “organized system of care” is a community-based service delivery network, which may consist of public and private providers, that meets the following requirements:

(A) The system has established linkages with existing mental health services and substance abuse treatment service delivery programs in the plan service area (or is in the process of developing or operating a system with appropriate public agencies in the area to coordinate the delivery of such services to individuals in the area).

(B) The system provides for the participation and coordination of multiple agencies and providers that serve the needs of children in the area, including agencies and providers involved with child welfare, education, juvenile justice, criminal justice, health care, mental health, and substance abuse prevention and treatment.

(C) The system provides for the involvement of the families of children to whom mental health services and substance abuse treatment services are provided in the planning of treatment and the delivery of services.

(D) The system provides for the development and implementation of individualized treatment plans by multidisciplinary and multiagency teams, which are recognized and followed by the applicable agencies and providers in the area.

(E) The system ensures the delivery and coordination of the range of mental health services and substance abuse treatment services required by individuals under 22 years of age who have a serious emotional disturbance or a substance abuse disorder.

(F) The system provides for the management of the individualized treatment plans described in subparagraph (D) and for a flexible response to changes in treatment needs over time.

(c) Treatment of experimental services.—In applying subsection (a), the Board shall make national coverage determinations with respect to those services that are experimental in nature. Such determinations shall be made consistent with a process that provides for input from representatives of health care professionals and patients and public comment.

(d) Application of practice guidelines.—In the case of services for which the American Health Security Quality Council (established under section 501) has recognized a national practice guideline, the services are considered to meet the standards specified in section 201(a) if they have been provided in accordance with such guideline or in accordance with such guidelines as are provided by the State health security program consistent with title V. For purposes of this subsection, a service shall be considered to have been provided in accordance with a practice guideline if the health care provider providing the service exercised appropriate professional discretion to deviate from the guideline in a manner authorized or anticipated by the guideline.

(e) Specific limitations.—

(1) LIMITATIONS ON EYEGLASSES, CONTACT LENSES, HEARING AIDS, AND DURABLE MEDICAL EQUIPMENT.—Subject to section 201(e), the Board may impose such limits relating to the costs and frequency of replacement of eyeglasses, contact lenses, hearing aids, and durable medical equipment to which individuals enrolled for benefits under this Act are entitled to have payment made under a State health security program as the Board deems appropriate.

(2) OVERLAP WITH PREVENTIVE SERVICES.—The coverage of services described in section 201(a) (other than paragraph (3)) which also are preventive services are required to be covered only to the extent that they are required to be covered as preventive services.

(3) MISCELLANEOUS EXCLUSIONS FROM COVERED SERVICES.—Covered services under this Act do not include the following:

(A) Surgery and other procedures (such as orthodontia) performed solely for cosmetic purposes (as defined in regulations) and hospital or other services incident thereto, unless—

(i) required to correct a congenital anomaly;

(ii) required to restore or correct a part of the body which has been altered as a result of accidental injury, disease, or surgery; or

(iii) otherwise determined to be medically necessary and appropriate under section 201(a).

(B) Personal comfort items or private rooms in inpatient facilities, unless determined to be medically necessary and appropriate under section 201(a).

(C) The services of a professional practitioner if they are furnished in a hospital or other facility which is not a participating provider.

(f) Nursing facility services and home health services.—Nursing facility services and home health services (other than post-hospital services, as defined by the Board) furnished to an individual who is not described in section 203(a) are not covered services unless the services are determined to meet the standards specified in section 201(a) and, with respect to nursing facility services, to be provided in the least restrictive and most appropriate setting.

SEC. 205. Certification; quality review; plans of care.

(a) Certifications.—State health security programs may require, as a condition of payment for institutional health care services and other services of the type described in such sections 1814(a) and 1835(a) of the Social Security Act, periodic professional certifications of the kind described in such sections.

(b) Quality review.—For the requirement that each State health security program establish a quality review program that meets the requirements for such a program under title V, see section 404(b)(1)(H).

(c) Plan of care requirements.—A State health security program may require, consistent with standards established by the Board, that payment for services exceeding specified levels or duration be provided only as consistent with a plan of care or treatment formulated by one or more providers of the services or other qualified professionals. Such a plan may include, consistent with subsection (b), case management at specified intervals as a further condition of payment for services.

SEC. 301. Provider participation and standards.

(a) In general.—An individual or other entity furnishing any covered service under a State health security program under this Act is not a qualified provider unless the individual or entity—

(1) is a qualified provider of the services under section 302;

(2) has filed with the State health security program a participation agreement described in subsection (b); and

(3) meets such other qualifications and conditions as are established by the Board or the State health security program under this Act.

(b) Requirements in participation agreement.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—A participation agreement described in this subsection between a State health security program and a provider shall provide at least for the following:

(A) Services to eligible persons will be furnished by the provider without discrimination on the ground of race, national origin, income, religion, age, sex or sexual orientation, disability, handicapping condition, or (subject to the professional qualifications of the provider) illness. Nothing in this subparagraph shall be construed as requiring the provision of a type or class of services which services are outside the scope of the provider’s normal practice.

(B) No charge will be made for any covered services other than for payment authorized by this Act.

(C) The provider agrees to furnish such information as may be reasonably required by the Board or a State health security program, in accordance with uniform reporting standards established under section 401(g)(1), for—

(i) quality review by designated entities;

(ii) the making of payments under this Act (including the examination of records as may be necessary for the verification of information on which payments are based);

(iii) statistical or other studies required for the implementation of this Act; and

(iv) such other purposes as the Board or State may specify.

(D) The provider agrees not to bill the program for any services for which benefits are not available because of section 204(d).

(E) In the case of a provider that is not an individual, the provider agrees not to employ or use for the provision of health services any individual or other provider who or which has had a participation agreement under this subsection terminated for cause.

(F) In the case of a provider paid under a fee-for-service basis under section 612, the provider agrees to submit bills and any required supporting documentation relating to the provision of covered services within 30 days (or such shorter period as a State health security program may require) after the date of providing such services.

(2) TERMINATION OF PARTICIPATION AGREEMENTS.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—Participation agreements may be terminated, with appropriate notice—

(i) by the Board or a State health security program for failure to meet the requirements of this title; or

(ii) by a provider.

(B) TERMINATION PROCESS.—Providers shall be provided notice and a reasonable opportunity to correct deficiencies before the Board or a State health security program terminates an agreement unless a more immediate termination is required for public safety or similar reasons.

SEC. 302. Qualifications for providers.

(a) In general.—A health care provider is considered to be qualified to provide covered services if the provider is licensed or certified and meets—

(1) all the requirements of State law to provide such services; and

(2) applicable requirements of Federal law to provide such services.

(b) Minimum provider standards.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The Board shall establish, evaluate, and update national minimum standards to ensure the quality of services provided under this Act and to monitor efforts by State health security programs to ensure the quality of such services. A State health security program may also establish additional minimum standards which providers shall meet.

(2) NATIONAL MINIMUM STANDARDS.—The national minimum standards under paragraph (1) shall be established for institutional providers of services, individual health care practitioners, and comprehensive health service organizations. Except as the Board may specify in order to carry out this title, a hospital, nursing facility, or other institutional provider of services shall meet standards for such a facility under the medicare program under title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.). Such standards also may include, where appropriate, elements relating to—

(A) adequacy and quality of facilities;

(B) training and competence of personnel (including continuing education requirements);

(C) comprehensiveness of service;

(D) continuity of service;

(E) patient satisfaction (including waiting time and access to services); and

(F) performance standards (including organization, facilities, structure of services, efficiency of operation, and outcome in palliation, improvement of health, stabilization, cure, or rehabilitation).

(3) TRANSITION IN APPLICATION.—If the Board provides for additional requirements for providers under this subsection, any such additional requirement shall be implemented in a manner that provides for a reasonable period during which a previously qualified provider is permitted to meet such an additional requirement.

(4) EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION.—The Board shall provide for an exchange, at least annually, among State health security programs of information with respect to quality assurance and cost containment.

SEC. 303. Qualifications for comprehensive health service organizations.

(a) In general.—For purposes of this Act, a comprehensive health service organization (in this section referred to as a “CHSO”) is a public or private non-profit organization that delivers care in its own facilities and employs clinicians on a salaried basis, which, in return for a capitated payment amount or global budget, undertakes to furnish, arrange for the provision of, or provide payment with respect to—

(1) a full range of health services (as identified by the Board), including at least hospital services and physicians services; and

(2) out-of-area coverage in the case of urgently needed services;

to an identified population which is living in or near a specified service area and which enrolls voluntarily in the organization.

(b) Enrollment.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—All eligible persons living in or near the specified service area of a CHSO are eligible to enroll in the organization; except that the number of enrollees may be limited to avoid overtaxing the resources of the organization.

(2) MINIMUM ENROLLMENT PERIOD.—Subject to paragraph (3), the minimum period of enrollment with a CHSO shall be 1 year, unless the enrolled individual becomes ineligible to enroll with the organization.

(3) WITHDRAWAL FOR CAUSE.—Each CHSO shall permit an enrolled individual to disenroll from the organization for cause at any time.

(c) Requirements for CHSOs.—

(1) ACCESSIBLE SERVICES.—Each CHSO shall make all health services readily and promptly accessible to enrollees who live in the specified service area.

(2) CONTINUITY OF CARE.—Each CHSO shall furnish services in such manner as to provide continuity of care and (when services are furnished by different providers) shall provide ready referral of patients to such services and at such times as may be medically appropriate.

(3) BOARD OF DIRECTORS.—In the case of a CHSO that is a private organization—

(A) CONSUMER REPRESENTATION.—At least one-third of the members of the CHSO’s board of directors shall be consumer members with no direct or indirect, personal or family financial relationship to the organization.

(B) PROVIDER REPRESENTATION.—The CHSO’s board of directors shall include at least one member who represents health care providers.

(4) PATIENT GRIEVANCE PROGRAM.—Each CHSO shall have in effect a patient grievance program and shall conduct regularly surveys of the satisfaction of members with services provided by or through the organization.

(5) MEDICAL STANDARDS.—Each CHSO shall provide that a committee or committees of health care practitioners associated with the organization will promulgate medical standards, oversee the professional aspects of the delivery of care, perform the functions of a pharmacy and drug therapeutics committee, and monitor and review the quality of all health services (including drugs, education, and preventive services).

(6) QUALITY AND OTHER REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—The Board shall determine appropriate measures to assess the quality of care furnished by the CHSO, such as measures of—

(i) clinical processes and outcomes;

(ii) patient and, where practicable, caregiver experience of care; and

(iii) utilization (such as rates of hospital admissions for ambulatory care sensitive conditions).

(B) OTHER DUTIES.—The CHSO shall—

(i) define processes to promote evidence-based medicine and patient engagement, report on quality and cost measures, and coordinate care, such as through the use of telehealth, remote patient monitoring, and other such enabling technologies; and

(ii) demonstrate to the Board that the CHSO meets patient-centeredness criteria specified by the Board, such as the use of patient and caregiver assessments or the use of individualized care plans.

(C) REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.—A CHSO shall submit data in a form and manner specified by the Board on measures the Board determines necessary for the CHSO to report to the State Health Security Program in order to evaluate the quality of care furnished by the CHSO. Such data may include care transitions across health care settings, including hospital discharge planning and post-hospital discharge follow-up by CHSO professionals, as the Board determines appropriate.

(D) QUALITY PERFORMANCE STANDARDS.—The Board shall establish quality performance standards to assess the quality of care furnished by CHSOs and shall seek to improve the quality of care furnished by CHSOs over time by specifying higher standards, new measures, or both for purposes of assessing such quality of care.

(7) PREMIUMS.—Premiums or other charges by a CHSO for any services not paid for under this Act shall be reasonable.

(8) UTILIZATION AND BONUS INFORMATION.—Each CHSO shall—

(A) comply with the requirements of section 1876(i)(8) of the Social Security Act (relating to prohibiting physician incentive plans that provide specific inducements to reduce or limit medically necessary services); and

(B) make available to its membership utilization information and data regarding financial performance, including bonus or incentive payment arrangements to practitioners.

(9) PROVISION OF SERVICES TO ENROLLEES AT INSTITUTIONS OPERATING UNDER GLOBAL BUDGETS.—The organization shall arrange to reimburse for hospital services and other facility-based services (as identified by the Board) for services provided to members of the organization in accordance with the global operating budget of the hospital or facility approved under section 611.

(10) BROAD MARKETING.—Each CHSO shall provide for the marketing of its services (including dissemination of marketing materials) to potential enrollees in a manner that is designed to enroll individuals representative of the different population groups and geographic areas included within its service area and meets such requirements as the Board or a State health security program may specify.

(11) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS.—Each CHSO shall meet—

(A) such requirements relating to minimum enrollment;

(B) such requirements relating to financial solvency;

(C) such requirements relating to quality and availability of care; and

(D) such other requirements,

as the Board or a State health security program may specify.

(d) Provision of emergency services to nonenrollees.—A CHSO may furnish emergency services to persons who are not enrolled in the organization. Payment by the State Health Security Program for such services, if they are covered services to eligible persons, shall be made to the organization unless the organization requests that it be made to the individual provider who furnished the services.

SEC. 304. Limitation on certain physician referrals.

(a) Application to American Health Security Program.—Section 1877 of the Social Security Act, as amended by subsections (b) and (c), shall apply under this Act in the same manner as it applies under title XVIII of the Social Security Act; except that in applying such section under this Act any references in such section to the Secretary or title XVIII of the Social Security Act are deemed references to the Board and the American Health Security Program under this Act, respectively.

(b) Expansion of prohibition to certain additional designated services.—Section 1877(h)(6) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395nn(h)(6)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(M) Ambulance services.

“(N) Home infusion therapy services.”.

(c) Conforming amendments.—Section 1877 of such Act is further amended—

(1) in subsection (a)(1)(A), by striking “for which payment otherwise may be made under this title” and inserting “for which a charge is imposed”;

(2) in subsection (a)(1)(B), by striking “under this title”;

(3) by amending paragraph (1) of subsection (g) to read as follows:

“(1) DENIAL OF PAYMENT.—No payment may be made under a State health security program for a designated health service for which a claim is presented in violation of subsection (a)(1)(B). No individual, third party payor, or other entity is liable for payment for designated health services for which a claim is presented in violation of such subsection.”; and

(4) in subsection (g)(3), by striking “for which payment may not be made under paragraph (1)” and inserting “for which such a claim may not be presented under subsection (a)(1)”.

SEC. 401. American Health Security Standards Board.

(a) Establishment.—There is hereby established an American Health Security Standards Board.

(b) Appointment and terms of members.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The Board shall be composed of—

(A) the Secretary of Health and Human Services; and

(B) 6 other individuals (described in paragraph (2)) appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate.

The President shall first nominate individuals under subparagraph (B) on a timely basis so as to provide for the operation of the Board by not later than January 1, 2015.

(2) SELECTION OF APPOINTED MEMBERS.—With respect to the individuals appointed under paragraph (1)(B):

(A) The members shall be chosen on the basis of backgrounds in health policy, health economics, the health professions, and the administration of health care institutions.

(B) The members shall provide a balanced point of view with respect to the various health care interests and at least 2 of them shall represent the interests of individual patients.

(C) At least 1 member shall have a nursing background.

(D) Not more than 3 members shall be from the same political party.

(E) To the greatest extent feasible, the members shall represent the various geographic regions of the United States and shall reflect the racial, ethnic, and gender composition of the population of the United States.

(3) TERMS OF APPOINTED MEMBERS.—Individuals appointed under paragraph (1)(B) shall serve for a term of 6 years, except that the terms of 5 of the individuals initially appointed shall be, as designated by the President at the time of their appointment, for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years. During a term of membership on the Board, no member shall engage in any other business, vocation or employment.

(c) Vacancies.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The President shall fill any vacancy in the membership of the Board in the same manner as the original appointment. The vacancy shall not affect the power of the remaining members to execute the duties of the Board.

(2) VACANCY APPOINTMENTS.—Any member appointed to fill a vacancy shall serve for the remainder of the term for which the predecessor of the member was appointed.

(3) REAPPOINTMENT.—The President may reappoint an appointed member of the Board for a second term in the same manner as the original appointment. A member who has served for 2 consecutive 6-year terms shall not be eligible for reappointment until 2 years after the member has ceased to serve.

(4) REMOVAL FOR CAUSE.—Upon confirmation, members of the Board may not be removed except by the President for cause.

(d) Chair.—The President shall designate 1 of the members of the Board, other than the Secretary, to serve at the will of the President as Chair of the Board.

(e) Compensation.—Members of the Board (other than the Secretary) shall be entitled to compensation at a level equivalent to level II of the Executive Schedule, in accordance with section 5313 of title 5, United States Code.

(f) General duties of the Board.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The Board shall develop policies, procedures, guidelines, and requirements to carry out this Act, including those related to—

(A) eligibility;

(B) enrollment;

(C) benefits;

(D) provider participation standards and qualifications, as defined in title III;

(E) CHSOs;

(F) national and State funding levels;

(G) methods for determining amounts of payments to providers of covered services, consistent with subtitle B of title VI;

(H) the determination of medical necessity and appropriateness with respect to coverage of certain services;

(I) assisting State health security programs with planning for capital expenditures and service delivery;

(J) planning for health professional education funding (as specified in title VI);

(K) allocating funds provided under title VII; and

(L) encouraging States to develop regional planning mechanisms (described in section 404(a)(3)).

(2) REGULATIONS.—Regulations authorized by this Act shall be issued by the Board in accordance with the provisions of section 553 of title 5, United States Code.

(g) Uniform reporting standards; annual report; studies.—

(1) UNIFORM REPORTING STANDARDS.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—The Board shall establish uniform State reporting requirements and national standards to ensure an adequate national data base regarding health services practitioners, services and finances of State health security programs, approved plans, providers, and the costs of facilities and practitioners providing services. Such standards shall include, to the maximum extent feasible, health outcome measures.

(B) REPORTS.—The Board shall analyze regularly information reported to it, and to State health security programs pursuant to such requirements and standards.

(2) ANNUAL REPORT.—Beginning January 1, of the second year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Board shall annually report to Congress on the following:

(A) The status of implementation of the Act.

(B) Enrollment under this Act.

(C) Benefits under this Act.

(D) Expenditures and financing under this Act.

(E) Cost-containment measures and achievements under this Act.

(F) Quality assurance.

(G) Health care utilization patterns, including any changes attributable to the program.

(H) Long-range plans and goals for the delivery of health services.

(I) Differences in the health status of the populations of the different States, including income and racial characteristics.

(J) Necessary changes in the education of health personnel.

(K) Plans for improving service to medically underserved populations.

(L) Transition problems as a result of implementation of this Act.

(M) Opportunities for improvements under this Act.

(3) STATISTICAL ANALYSES AND OTHER STUDIES.—The Board may, either directly or by contract—

(A) make statistical and other studies, on a nationwide, regional, State, or local basis, of any aspect of the operation of this Act, including studies of the effect of the Act upon the health of the people of the United States and the effect of comprehensive health services upon the health of persons receiving such services;

(B) develop and test methods of providing through payment for services or otherwise, additional incentives for adherence by providers to standards of adequacy, access, and quality; methods of consumer and peer review and peer control of the utilization of drugs, of laboratory services, and of other services; and methods of consumer and peer review of the quality of services;

(C) develop and test, for use by the Board, records and information retrieval systems and budget systems for health services administration, and develop and test model systems for use by providers of services;

(D) develop and test, for use by providers of services, records and information retrieval systems useful in the furnishing of preventive or diagnostic services;

(E) develop, in collaboration with the pharmaceutical profession, and test, improved administrative practices or improved methods for the reimbursement of independent pharmacies for the cost of furnishing drugs as a covered service; and

(F) conduct or solicit other studies as it may consider necessary or promising for the evaluation, or for the improvement, of the operation of this Act.

(4) REPORT ON USE OF EXISTING FEDERAL HEALTH CARE FACILITIES.—Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Board shall recommend to Congress one or more proposals for the treatment of health care facilities of the Federal Government.

(h) Executive Director.—

(1) APPOINTMENT.—There is hereby established the position of Executive Director of the Board. The Director shall be appointed by the Board and shall serve as secretary to the Board and perform such duties in the administration of this title as the Board may assign.

(2) DELEGATION.—The Board is authorized to delegate to the Director or to any other officer or employee of the Board or, with the approval of the Secretary of Health and Human Services (and subject to reimbursement of identifiable costs), to any other officer or employee of the Department of Health and Human Services, any of its functions or duties under this Act other than—

(A) the issuance of regulations; or

(B) the determination of the availability of funds and their allocation to implement this Act.

(3) COMPENSATION.—The Executive Director of the Board shall be entitled to compensation at a level equivalent to level III of the Executive Schedule, in accordance with section 5314 of title 5, United States Code.

(i) Inspector General.—The Inspector General Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) is amended—

(1) in section 12(1), by inserting after “Corporation;” the first place it appears the following: “the Chair of the American Health Security Standards Board;”;

(2) in section 12(2), by inserting after “Resolution Trust Corporation,” the following: “the American Health Security Standards Board,”; and

(3) by inserting before section 9 the following:

“Special provisions concerning American Health Security Standards Board

“Sec. 8M. The Inspector General of the American Health Security Standards Board, in addition to the other authorities vested by this Act, shall have the same authority, with respect to the Board and the American Health Security Program under this Act, as the Inspector General for the Department of Health and Human Services has with respect to the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the medicare and medicaid programs, respectively.”.

(j) Staff.—The Board shall employ such staff as the Board may deem necessary.

(k) Access to information.—The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall make available to the Board all information available from sources within the Department or from other sources, pertaining to the duties of the Board.

SEC. 402. American Health Security Advisory Council.

(a) In general.—The Board shall provide for an American Health Security Advisory Council (in this section referred to as the “Council”) to advise the Board on its activities.

(b) Membership.—The Council shall be composed of—

(1) the Chair of the Board, who shall serve as Chair of the Council; and

(2) 20 members, not otherwise in the employ of the United States, appointed by the Board without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service.

The appointed members shall include, in accordance with subsection (e), individuals who are representative of State health security programs, public health professionals, providers of health services, and of individuals (who shall constitute a majority of the Council) who are representative of consumers of such services, including a balanced representation of employers, unions, consumer organizations, and population groups with special health care needs. To the greatest extent feasible, the membership of the Council shall represent the various geographic regions of the United States and shall reflect the racial, ethnic, and gender composition of the population of the United States.

(c) Terms of members.—Each appointed member shall hold office for a term of 4 years, except that—

(1) any member appointed to fill a vacancy occurring during the term for which the member’s predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of that term; and

(2) the terms of the members first taking office shall expire, as designated by the Board at the time of appointment, at the end of the first year with respect to 5 members, at the end of the second year with respect to 5 members, at the end of the third year with respect to 5 members, and at the end of the fourth year with respect to 5 members after the date of enactment of this Act.

(d) Vacancies.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The Board shall fill any vacancy in the membership of the Council in the same manner as the original appointment. The vacancy shall not affect the power of the remaining members to execute the duties of the Council.

(2) VACANCY APPOINTMENTS.—Any member appointed to fill a vacancy shall serve for the remainder of the term for which the predecessor of the member was appointed.

(3) REAPPOINTMENT.—The Board may reappoint an appointed member of the Council for a second term in the same manner as the original appointment.

(e) Qualifications.—

(1) PUBLIC HEALTH REPRESENTATIVES.—Members of the Council who are representative of State health security programs and public health professionals shall be individuals who have extensive experience in the financing and delivery of care under public health programs.

(2) PROVIDERS.—Members of the Council who are representative of providers of health care shall be individuals who are outstanding in fields related to medical, hospital, or other health activities, or who are representative of organizations or associations of professional health practitioners.

(3) CONSUMERS.—Members who are representative of consumers of such care shall be individuals, not engaged in and having no financial interest in the furnishing of health services, who are familiar with the needs of various segments of the population for personal health services and are experienced in dealing with problems associated with the consumption of such services.

(f) Duties.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—It shall be the duty of the Council—

(A) to advise the Board on matters of general policy in the administration of this Act, in the formulation of regulations, and in the performance of the Board’s duties under section 401; and

(B) to study the operation of this Act and the utilization of health services under it, with a view to recommending any changes in the administration of the Act or in its provisions which may appear desirable.

(2) REPORT.—The Council shall make an annual report to the Board on the performance of its functions, including any recommendations it may have with respect thereto, and the Board shall promptly transmit the report to the Congress, together with a report by the Board on any recommendations of the Council that have not been followed.

(g) Staff.—The Council, its members, and any committees of the Council shall be provided with such secretarial, clerical, or other assistance as may be authorized by the Board for carrying out their respective functions.

(h) Meetings.—The Council shall meet as frequently as the Board deems necessary, but not less than 4 times each year. Upon request by 7 or more members it shall be the duty of the Chair to call a meeting of the Council.

(i) Compensation.—Members of the Council shall be reimbursed by the Board for travel and per diem in lieu of subsistence expenses during the performance of duties of the Board in accordance with subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code.

(j) FACA not applicable.—The provisions of the Federal Advisory Committee Act shall not apply to the Council.

SEC. 403. Consultation.

The Secretary and the Board shall consult with Federal agencies and private entities, such as professional societies, national associations, nationally recognized associations of experts, medical schools and academic health centers, consumer groups, and labor and business organizations in the formulation of guidelines, regulations, policy initiatives, and information gathering to ensure the broadest and most informed input in the administration of this Act. Nothing in this Act shall prevent the Secretary from adopting guidelines developed by such a private entity if, in the Secretary’s and Board’s judgment, such guidelines are generally accepted as reasonable and prudent and consistent with this Act.

SEC. 404. State health security programs.

(a) Submission of plans.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Each State shall submit to the Board a plan for a State health security program for providing for health care services to the residents of the State in accordance with this Act.

(2) REGIONAL PROGRAMS.—A State may join with 1 or more neighboring States to submit to the Board a plan for a regional health security program instead of separate State health security programs.

(3) REGIONAL PLANNING MECHANISMS.—The Board shall provide incentives for States to develop regional planning mechanisms to promote the rational distribution of, adequate access to, and efficient use of, tertiary care facilities, equipment, and services.

(4) STATES THAT FAIL TO SUBMIT A PLAN.—In the case of a State that fails to submit a plan as required under this subsection, the American Health Security Standards Board Authority shall develop a plan for a State health security program in such State.

(b) Review and approval of plans.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The Board shall review plans submitted under subsection (a) and determine whether such plans meet the requirements for approval. The Board shall not approve such a plan unless it finds that the plan (or State law) provides, consistent with the provisions of this Act, for the following:

(A) Payment for required health services for eligible individuals in the State in accordance with this Act.

(B) Adequate administration, including the designation of a single State agency responsible for the administration (or supervision of the administration) of the program.

(C) The establishment of a State health security budget.

(D) Establishment of payment methodologies (consistent with subtitle B of title VII).

(E) Assurances that individuals have the freedom to choose practitioners and other health care providers for services covered under this Act.

(F) A procedure for carrying out long-term regional management and planning functions with respect to the delivery and distribution of health care services that—

(i) ensures participation of consumers of health services and providers of health services; and

(ii) gives priority to the most acute shortages and maldistributions of health personnel and facilities and the most serious deficiencies in the delivery of covered services and to the means for the speedy alleviation of these shortcomings.

(G) The licensure and regulation of all health providers and facilities to ensure compliance with Federal and State laws and to promote quality of care.

(H) Establishment of a quality review system in accordance with section 503.

(I) Establishment of an independent ombudsman for consumers to register complaints about the organization and administration of the State health security program and to help resolve complaints and disputes between consumers and providers.

(J) Publication of an annual report on the operation of the State health security program, which report shall include information on cost, progress towards achieving full enrollment, public access to health services, quality review, health outcomes, health professional training, the needs of medically underserved populations, and the information required in the annual report under section 401(g)(2).

(K) Provision of a fraud and abuse prevention and control unit that the Inspector General determines meets the requirements of section 412(a).

(L) Prohibit payment in cases of prohibited physician referrals under section 304.

(2) CONSEQUENCES OF FAILURE TO COMPLY.—If the Board finds that a State plan submitted under paragraph (1) does not meet the requirements for approval under this section or that a State health security program or specific portion of such program, the plan for which was previously approved, no longer meets such requirements, the Board shall provide notice to the State of such failure and that unless corrective action is taken within a period specified by the Board, the Board shall place the State health security program (or specific portions of such program) in receivership under the jurisdiction of the Board.

(c) State Health Security Advisory Councils.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—For each State, the Governor shall provide for appointment of a State Health Security Advisory Council to advise and make recommendations to the Governor and State with respect to the implementation of the State health security program in the State.

(2) MEMBERSHIP.—Each State Health Security Advisory Council shall be composed of at least 11 individuals. The appointed members shall include individuals who are representative of the State health security program, public health professionals, providers of health services, and of individuals (who shall constitute a majority) who are representative of consumers of such services, including a balanced representation of employers, unions and consumer organizations. To the greatest extent feasible, the membership of each State Health Security Advisory Council shall represent the various geographic regions of the State and shall reflect the racial, ethnic, and gender composition of the population of the State.

(3) DUTIES.—

(A) IN GENERAL.—Each State Health Security Advisory Council shall review, and submit comments to the Governor concerning the implementation of the State health security program in the State.

(B) ASSISTANCE.—Each State Health Security Advisory Council shall provide assistance and technical support to community organizations and public and private non-profit agencies submitting applications for funding under appropriate State and Federal public health programs, with particular emphasis placed on assisting those applicants with broad consumer representation.

(d) State use of fiscal agents.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Each State health security program, using competitive bidding procedures, may enter into such contracts with qualified entities, as the State determines to be appropriate to process claims and to perform other related functions of fiscal agents under the State health security program.

(2) RESTRICTION.—Except as the Board may provide for good cause shown, in no case may more than 1 contract described in paragraph (1) be entered into under a State health security program.

SEC. 405. Complementary conduct of related health programs.

In performing functions with respect to health personnel education and training, health research, environmental health, disability insurance, vocational rehabilitation, the regulation of food and drugs, and all other matters pertaining to health, the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall direct all activities of the Department of Health and Human Services toward contributions to the health of the people complementary to this Act.

SEC. 411. Application of Federal sanctions to all fraud and abuse under American Health Security Program.

The following sections of the Social Security Act shall apply to State health security programs in the same manner as they apply to State medical assistance plans under title XIX of such Act (except that in applying such provisions any reference to the Secretary is deemed a reference to the Board):

(1) Section 1128 (relating to exclusion of individuals and entities).

(2) Section 1128A (civil monetary penalties).

(3) Section 1128B (criminal penalties).

(4) Section 1124 (relating to disclosure of ownership and related information).

(5) Section 1126 (relating to disclosure of certain owners).

SEC. 412. Requirements for operation of State health care fraud and abuse control units.

(a) Requirement.—In order to meet the requirement of section 404(b)(1)(K), each State health security program shall establish and maintain a health care fraud and abuse control unit (in this section referred to as a “fraud unit”) that meets requirements of this section and other requirements of the Board. Such a unit may be a State medicaid fraud control unit (described in section 1903(q) of the Social Security Act).

(b) Structure of unit.—The fraud unit shall—

(1) be a single identifiable entity of the State government;

(2) be separate and distinct from the State agency with principal responsibility for the administration of the State health security program; and

(3) meet 1 of the following requirements:

(A) It shall be a unit of the office of the State Attorney General or of another department of State government which possesses statewide authority to prosecute individuals for criminal violations.

(B) If it is in a State the constitution of which does not provide for the criminal prosecution of individuals by a statewide authority and has formal procedures, approved by the Board, that—

(i) assure its referral of suspected criminal violations relating to the State health insurance plan to the appropriate authority or authorities in the States for prosecution; and

(ii) assure its assistance of, and coordination with, such authority or authorities in such prosecutions.

(C) It shall have a formal working relationship with the office of the State Attorney General and have formal procedures (including procedures for its referral of suspected criminal violations to such office) which are approved by the Board and which provide effective coordination of activities between the fraud unit and such office with respect to the detection, investigation, and prosecution of suspected criminal violations relating to the State health insurance plan.

(c) Functions.—The fraud unit shall—

(1) have the function of conducting a statewide program for the investigation and prosecution of violations of all applicable State laws regarding any and all aspects of fraud in connection with any aspect of the provision of health care services and activities of providers of such services under the State health security program;

(2) have procedures for reviewing complaints of the abuse and neglect of patients of providers and facilities that receive payments under the State health security program, and, where appropriate, for acting upon such complaints under the criminal laws of the State or for referring them to other State agencies for action; and

(3) provide for the collection, or referral for collection to a single State agency, of overpayments that are made under the State health security program to providers and that are discovered by the fraud unit in carrying out its activities.

(d) Resources.—The fraud unit shall—

(1) employ such auditors, attorneys, investigators, and other necessary personnel;

(2) be organized in such a manner; and

(3) provide sufficient resources (as specified by the Board),

as is necessary to promote the effective and efficient conduct of the unit’s activities.

(e) Cooperative agreements.—The fraud unit shall have cooperative agreements (as specified by the Board) with—

(1) similar fraud units in other States;

(2) the Inspector General; and

(3) the Attorney General of the United States.

(f) Reports.—The fraud unit shall submit to the Inspector General an application and annual reports containing such information as the Inspector General determines to be necessary to determine whether the unit meets the previous requirements of this section.

SEC. 501. American Health Security Quality Council.

(a) Establishment.—There is hereby established an American Health Security Quality Council (in this title referred to as the “Council”).

(b) Duties of the Council.—The Council shall perform the following duties:

(1) PRACTICE GUIDELINES.—The Council shall review and evaluate each practice guideline developed under part B of title IX of the Public Health Service Act. The Council shall determine whether the guideline should be recognized as a national practice guideline to be used under section 204(d) for purposes of determining payments under a State health security program.

(2) STANDARDS OF QUALITY, PERFORMANCE MEASURES, AND MEDICAL REVIEW CRITERIA.—The Council shall review and evaluate each standard of quality, performance measure, and medical review criterion developed under part B of title IX of the Public Health Service Act. The Council shall determine whether the standard, measure, or criterion is appropriate for use in assessing or reviewing the quality of services provided by State health security programs, health care institutions, or health care professionals.

(3) CRITERIA FOR ENTITIES CONDUCTING QUALITY REVIEWS.—The Council shall develop minimum criteria for competence for entities that can qualify to conduct ongoing and continuous external quality review for State quality review programs under section 503. Such criteria shall require such an entity to be administratively independent of the individual or board that administers the State health security program and shall ensure that such entities do not provide financial incentives to reviewers to favor one pattern of practice over another. The Council shall ensure coordination and reporting by such entities to ensure national consistency in quality standards.

(4) REPORTING.—The Council shall report to the Board annually on the conduct of activities under such title and shall report to the Board annually specifically on findings from outcomes research and development of practice guidelines that may affect the Board’s determination of coverage of services under section 401(f)(1)(G).

(5) OTHER FUNCTIONS.—The Council shall perform the functions of the Council described in section 502.

(c) Appointment and terms of members.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The Council shall be composed of 10 members appointed by the President. The President shall first appoint individuals on a timely basis so as to provide for the operation of the Council by not later than January 1, 2012.

(2) SELECTION OF MEMBERS.—Each member of the Council shall be a member of a health profession. Five members of the Council shall be physicians. Individuals shall be appointed to the Council on the basis of national reputations for clinical and academic excellence. To the greatest extent feasible, the membership of the Council shall represent the various geographic regions of the United States and shall reflect the racial, ethnic, and gender composition of the population of the United States.

(3) TERMS OF MEMBERS.—Individuals appointed to the Council shall serve for a term of 5 years, except that the terms of 4 of the individuals initially appointed shall be, as designated by the President at the time of their appointment, for 1, 2, 3, and 4 years.

(d) Vacancies.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The President shall fill any vacancy in the membership of the Council in the same manner as the original appointment. The vacancy shall not affect the power of the remaining members to execute the duties of the Council.

(2) VACANCY APPOINTMENTS.—Any member appointed to fill a vacancy shall serve for the remainder of the term for which the predecessor of the member was appointed.

(3) REAPPOINTMENT.—The President may reappoint a member of the Council for a second term in the same manner as the original appointment. A member who has served for 2 consecutive 5-year terms shall not be eligible for reappointment until 2 years after the member has ceased to serve.

(e) Chair.—The President shall designate 1 of the members of the Council to serve at the will of the President as Chair of the Council.

(f) Compensation.—Members of the Council who are not employees of the Federal Government shall be entitled to compensation at a level equivalent to level II of the Executive Schedule, in accordance with section 5313 of title 5, United States Code.

SEC. 502. Development of certain methodologies, guidelines, and standards.

(a) Profiling of patterns of practice; identification of outliers.—The Council shall adopt methodologies for profiling the patterns of practice of health care professionals and for identifying outliers (as defined in subsection (e)).

(b) Centers of excellence.—The Council shall develop guidelines for certain medical procedures designated by the Board to be performed only at tertiary care centers which can meet standards for frequency of procedure performance and intensity of support mechanisms that are consistent with the high probability of desired patient outcome. Reimbursement under this Act for such a designated procedure may only be provided if the procedure was performed at a center that meets such standards.

(c) Remedial actions.—The Council shall develop standards for education and sanctions with respect to outliers so as to ensure the quality of health care services provided under this Act. The Council shall develop criteria for referral of providers to the State licensing board if education proves ineffective in correcting provider practice behavior.

(d) Dissemination.—The Council shall disseminate to the State—

(1) the methodologies adopted under subsection (a);

(2) the guidelines developed under subsection (b); and

(3) the standards developed under subsection (c);

for use by the States under section 503.

(e) Outlier defined.—In this title, the term “outlier” means a health care provider whose pattern of practice, relative to applicable practice guidelines, suggests deficiencies in the quality of health care services being provided.

SEC. 503. State quality review programs.

(a) Requirement.—In order to meet the requirement of section 404(b)(1)(H), each State health security program shall establish 1 or more qualified entities to conduct quality reviews of persons providing covered services under the program, in accordance with standards established under subsection (b)(1) (except as provided in subsection (b)(2)) and subsection (d).

(b) Federal standards.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—The Council shall establish standards with respect to—

(A) the adoption of practice guidelines (whether developed by the Federal Government or other entities);

(B) the identification of outliers (consistent with methodologies adopted under section 502(a));

(C) the development of remedial programs and monitoring for outliers; and

(D) the application of sanctions (consistent with the standards developed under section 502(c)).

(2) STATE DISCRETION.—A State may apply under subsection (a) standards other than those established under paragraph (1) so long as the State demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Council on an annual basis that the standards applied have been as efficacious in promoting and achieving improved quality of care as the application of the standards established under paragraph (1). Positive improvements in quality shall be documented by reductions in the variations of clinical care process and improvement in patient outcomes.

(c) Qualifications.—An entity is not qualified to conduct quality reviews under subsection (a) unless the entity satisfies the criteria for competence for such entities developed by the Council under section 501(b)(3).

(d) Internal quality review.—Nothing in this section shall preclude an institutional provider from establishing its own internal quality review and enhancement programs.

SEC. 504. Elimination of utilization review programs; transition.

(a) Intent.—It is the intention of this title to replace by January 1, 2017, random utilization controls with a systematic review of patterns of practice that compromise the quality of care.

(b) Superseding case reviews.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to the succeeding provisions of this subsection, the program of quality review provided under the previous sections of this title supersede all existing Federal requirements for utilization review programs, including requirements for random case-by-case reviews and programs requiring pre-certification of medical procedures on a case-by-case basis.

(2) TRANSITION.—Before January 1, 2017, the Board and the States may employ existing utilization review standards and mechanisms as may be necessary to effect the transition to pattern of practice-based reviews.

(3) CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this subsection shall be construed—

(A) as precluding the case-by-case review of the provision of care—

(i) in individual incidents where the quality of care has significantly deviated from acceptable standards of practice; and

(ii) with respect to a provider who has been determined to be an outlier; or

(B) as precluding the case management of catastrophic, mental health, or substance abuse cases or long-term care where such management is necessary to achieve appropriate, cost-effective, and beneficial comprehensive medical care, as provided for in section 204.

SEC. 505. Application of Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation to American Health Security Program.

Section 1115A of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1315a) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

“(h) Application to American Health Security Program.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law (including the preceding provisions of this section), on and after January 1, 2015, the duties described in this section shall be adapted to apply to the American Health Security Program under the American Health Security Act of 2013. For purposes of carrying out the preceding sentence, effective on such date, the following rules shall apply:

“(1) There is created, in consultation with the American Health Security Standards Board established under section 401 of the American Health Security Act of 2013, within the Department of Health and Human Services a Center for American Health Security Innovation (in this subsection referred to as the ‘Center’) to carry out this subsection. The purpose of the Center is to accelerate the implementation of new models of care under the American Health Security Program that would improve patient care, improve population health, and lower costs in a manner consistent with the requirements of such Program.

“(2) Any references in this section to the ‘Secretary’ or the ‘Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ are deemed references to the ‘American Health Security Standards Board’.

“(3) Any references in this section to title XVIII, XIX, or XXI of this Act are deemed references to the American Health Security Program.

“(4) Any references in this section to the ‘Chief Actuary of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services’ are deemed references to the ‘Chief Actuary of the Department of Health and Human Services’.

“(5) Any references in this section to the ‘Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation’ or the ‘CMI’ are deemed references to the Center for American Health Security Innovation.

“(6) For purposes of carrying out this subsection, the American Health Security Standards Board shall provide for the transfer, from the American Health Security Trust Fund under section 801 of the American Health Security Act of 2013, of such sums as the Board determines necessary, to the Center.”.

SEC. 601. National health security budget.

(a) National health security budget.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—By not later than September 1 before the beginning of each year (beginning with 2012), the Board shall establish a national health security budget, which—

(A) specifies the total expenditures (including expenditures for administrative costs) to be made by the Federal Government and the States for covered health care services under this Act; and

(B) allocates those expenditures among the States consistent with section 604.

Pursuant to subsection (b), such budget for a year shall not exceed the budget for the preceding year increased by the percentage increase in gross domestic product.

(2) DIVISION OF BUDGET INTO COMPONENTS.—In addition to the cost of covered health services, the national health security budget shall consist of at least 4 components:

(A) A component for quality assessment activities (described in title V).

(B) A component for health professional education expenditures.

(C) A component for administrative costs.

(D) A component for operating and other expenditures not described in subparagraphs (A) through (C) (in this title referred to as the “operating component”), consisting of amounts not included in the other components. A State may provide for the allocation of this component between capital expenditures and other expenditures.

(3) ALLOCATION AMONG COMPONENTS.—Taking into account the State health security budgets established and submitted under section 603, the Board shall allocate the national health security budget among the components in a manner that—

(A) assures a fair allocation for quality assessment activities (consistent with the national health security spending growth limit); and

(B) assures that the health professional education expenditure component is sufficient to provide for the amount of health professional education expenditures sufficient to meet th