One of the plaintiffs, Margarito Castañón, was driving his work van when officers in an unmarked vehicle and wearing vests that read "POLICE" stopped him at the corner of 31st St. and Cicero Ave. in Chicago. The officers asked Castañón and his passenger for their identification, took their fingerprints, and photographed them. Without justification, the agents handcuffed them and took them away. Until they arrived to downtown Chicago did Castañon learn that the officers were not police officers, but ICE agents.