Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg unleashed a withering critique on Wednesday of how Congress and the White House have managed the economic recovery, saying Democrats and Republicans had abdicated responsibility in favor of partisan bickering, vilified success in corporate America and left the country lagging behind the rest of the world.

In a stinging and blunt address that at times sounded like a campaign speech, Mr. Bloomberg described a point-by-point plan for reigniting entrepreneurship and growth, calling for tax cuts for businesses, an overhaul of regulations and investments in job training.

He proposed few new concrete ideas, instead relying on familiar successes in New York City, which he argued could be applied on a national scale. But at a time when leaders of both parties are clashing over a stubbornly high unemployment inching toward 10 percent, it was Mr. Bloomberg’s harsh assessment of Washington politics and his call for centrist problem-solving that was most striking.

“Last month, voters turned against Democrats in Washington for the same reason they turned against Republicans in 2006,” Mr. Bloomberg said. “Democrats now, and Republicans then, spent more time and energy conducting partisan warfare than forging centrist solutions to our toughest economic problems.”