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So far in this series, I’ve touched on optical performance, ergonomics, and reticle options. This post looks at advanced features like illumination, focal plane, locking turrets, zero stop, and other features like anodizing, and whether it uses a one-piece tube.

First Focal Plan (FFP) or Second Focal Plane (SFP)

Basically, on FFP scopes the mil/MOA marks are valid at all magnifications, which means the shooter can use the magnification level most appropriate for the situation and still have effective holdover and windage reference marks. While the proportions of the reticle will appear to change when adjusting the magnification, in reality the reticles values are remaining in proportion to the target.

On SFP scopes the mil/MOA marks are only valid at a specific magnification, typically the highest magnification, which may not be ideal for some shots … but if you want to hold for elevation or wind, you need to shoot at that magnification. Here is a video that demos FFP vs SFP.

Most long-range shooters prefer First Focal Plane reticles, because of their flexibility (work at any magnification). One downside is that you need to have a good reticle that can be easily seen at low magnification, and not too thick at high magnification. Trying to strike this balance has really pushed reticle design.

Here is the breakdown of which scopes use which:

First Focal Plane Scopes (FFP) Second Focal Plane Scopes (SFP) Bushnell Elite Tactical 3.5-21×50

Bushnell Elite Tactical 4.5-30×50

Hensoldt ZF 3.5-26×56

Kahles K 6-24×56

Leupold Mark 6 3-18×44

Leupold Mark 8 3.5-25×56

March Tactical 3-24×42 FFP

Nightforce BEAST 5-25×56

Schmidt and Bender PMII 5-25×56

Schmidt and Bender PMII 3-27×56

Steiner Military 5-25×56

US Optics ER25 5-25×58

Valdada IOR 3.5-18×50

Valdada IOR RECON Tactical 4-28×50

Vortex Razor HD 5-20×50 Nightforce ATACR 5-25×56

Nightforce NXS 5.5-22×50

Zeiss Victory FL Diavari 6-24×56

Illumination

The following table shows what reticle illumination features each scope offers. Illumination can be helpful in low light scenarios or when looking at dark backgrounds. But with the huge zoom ratio on some of these scopes, it also may be necessary to see the reticle at low magnifications. I noticed this to be true for the H2CMR reticle on the Schmidt and Bender PMII 3-27×56 High Power scope. For that reticle to not be too thick at 27x, it has to be really thin at 3x. In fact, it is so thin it was very difficult to see, but once you flip on the illumination, it is completely usable. So while in the past illumination may have been viewed as a luxury only applicable for low light scenarios, but as we start to have scopes with 7x or even 10x zoom ratios this other use at low magnification becomes important.

Scope Has Illumination # of Settings Night Vision Compatible Bushnell Elite Tactical 3.5-21×50 – – Bushnell Elite Tactical 4.5-30×50 – – Hensoldt ZF 3.5-26×56 Infinite Kahles K 6-24×56 Infinite Leupold Mark 6 3-18×44 – – Leupold Mark 8 3.5-25×56 8 March Tactical 3-24×42 FFP 4 Only w/ NV module* Nightforce ATACR 5-25×56 1 ** Nightforce BEAST 5-25×56 10 Nightforce NXS 5.5-22×50 1 ** Schmidt and Bender PMII 3-27×56 11 Schmidt and Bender PMII 5-25×56 11 Steiner Military 5-25×56 11 US Optics ER25 5-25×58 12 Valdada IOR 3.5-18×50 11 Valdada IOR RECON Tactical 4-28×50 11 Vortex Razor HD 5-20×50 11 Zeiss Victory FL Diavari 6-24×56 Infinite

*If you want to use the illumination on March scopes with night vision equipment, you need to order the special night vision compatible illumination module. They have a standard illumination module with 4 settings, and a night vision illumination module with 4 settings. You can swap out the modules, but there isn’t one that can do both.

**There is a way to adjust the intensity of the illumination on the Nightforce ATACR and NXS, but Nightforce even admits in their manual that it isn’t “field adjustable.” You essentially have to remove the parallax knob and adjust a small rheostat dial hidden under the battery using a small flat-head screwdriver. Since it can’t adjusted on the fly in the field, I specified that it only has one setting in the table above.

MIL/MOA Reticle Availability

All of these scopes are available with mil-based retilces (aka mrad or milliradian reticles), but not all of them are available with MOA reticles. Here’s the breakdown:

Scope Mil Reticle MOA Reticle Bushnell Elite Tactical 3.5-21×50 Bushnell Elite Tactical 4.5-30×50 Hensoldt ZF 3.5-26×56 Kahles K 6-24×56 Leupold Mark 6 3-18×44 Leupold Mark 8 3.5-25×56 March Tactical 3-24×42 FFP Nightforce ATACR 5-25×56 Nightforce BEAST 5-25×56 Nightforce NXS 5.5-22×50 Schmidt and Bender PMII 3-27×56 Schmidt and Bender PMII 5-25×56 Steiner Military 5-25×56 US Optics ER25 5-25×58 Valdada IOR 3.5-18×50 Valdada IOR RECON Tactical 4-28×50 Vortex Razor HD 5-20×50 Zeiss Victory FL Diavari 6-24×56

Zero Stop Turret

This feature is referred to by a ton of different names like ZeroStop, Z-Lok, ZeroLock, and other names, but they all work similarly. This is a feature on the elevation turret that allows the shooter to preset the zero and avoid the possibility of dialing below zero. You can essentially adjust the turret so that you can dial down the elevation and it will stop when you return to your zero. Some prefer the stop to be a few clicks below zero (for various reasons), and some like it to be right at zero. If the scope had the option to stop at zero or a few clicks below zero, I counted that as having a zero stop feature.

Scope Zero Stop Allows stop a few clicks below zero Bushnell Elite Tactical 3.5-21×50 Bushnell Elite Tactical 4.5-30×50 Hensoldt ZF 3.5-26×56 Kahles K 6-24×56 Leupold Mark 6 3-18×44 with ZeroLock Turret Leupold Mark 8 3.5-25×56 with Pinch & Turn Turret March Tactical 3-24×42 FFP Nightforce ATACR 5-25×56 Nightforce BEAST 5-25×56 Nightforce NXS 5.5-22×50 Schmidt and Bender PMII 3-27×56 Schmidt and Bender PMII 5-25×56 Steiner Military 5-25×56 US Optics ER25 5-25×58 * * Valdada IOR 3.5-18×50 Valdada IOR RECON Tactical 4-28×50 – Vortex Razor HD 5-20×50 Zeiss Victory FL Diavari 6-24×56 –

*The US Optics ER-25 scope doesn’t technically have a zero stop feature, but it has something with a similar effect. In the USO manual, it says “The Erector Repositioning Elevation Knob (EREK) incorporates a center screw for rough zeroing. This allows the knob to be zeroed near the bottom of its travel so that all movement of the knob is upward.” George from US Optics described that feature as a way to “allow the shooter to maximize gross elevation travel adjustment independent of the elevation knob. In short, there is more usable travel for shots taken at farther distances.” This is a very cool feature, and I’m not sure any other scope manufacturer offers this capability. At the same time, this feature allows you to make it so the knob “bottoms out” on your zero (or a few clicks under your zero). So while they don’t advertise this as a “Zero Stop” it has a similar net effect from the user’s standpoint, and also gives you the advantage of having a full 26+ mils of adjustment for those Extreme-Range shots (hence the ER in the model name). Watch a video to see how this works.

Turret Direction

Most scopes sold in North America have turrets that turn in a counter-clockwise (CCW) direction, but clockwise (CW) turrets are common in Europe. Honestly, there isn’t an inherent advantage either way. It’s just confusing for a little while if you’re used to one direction and you switch to a scope that is the opposite direction … or potentially painful for a lifetime if you own both and regularly each of them. Most commit to one camp and stick with it.

All of these scopes are CCW turrets, except the Hensoldt and Zeiss scopes are only available with a CW turret. The Schmidt and Bender scopes are conveniently available in either configuration, so pay attention to which you order.

High Speed Turrets

“High Speed” turrets are simply turrets that offer a lot of clicks per revolution. While this used to be an advanced feature only available on some scopes, in recent years its becoming standard. All of these scopes are available with high-speed turrets with at least 10 mils or 20 MOA of elevation per revolution.

Double Turn Turret Design

The Double Turn (DT) design seems to be getting more popular in high-end scope designs. This is in part due to advances in the amount of clicks per revolution. With new technology and improved manufacturing processes, designers are able to pack in more adjustments in a single turn of the turret. That means we can now fit all the elevation travel needed by most shooters in just two turns of the turret, hence the name “Double Turn.” For example, the Hensoldt ZF 3.5-26×56 provides 36 mils of adjustment in their Double Turn turret, which is enough adjustment to shoot a 338 Lapua Magnum out to 2500 yards!

The advantage of the DT design is that it is easier to keep track of what revolution you’re on. The DT design also makes it a lot easier to design a revolution indicator, because it just has to tell you if it’s on the 1st or 2nd revolution. Some innovative revolution indicator designs from Hensoldt, Steiner, and Schmidt & Bender make it completely obvious what rotation you’re on. Check out the ergonomics posts and turret demo videos to see what I’m referring to on this.

Here are the scopes that feature a Double Turn turret:

Hensoldt ZF 3.5-26×56

Kahles K 6-24×56

Leupold Mark 6 3-18×44 with ZeroLock Turret

Leupold Mark 8 3.5-25×56 with ZeroLock Turret

Nightforce BEAST 5-25×56

Schmidt and Bender PMII 3-27×56

Schmidt and Bender PMII 5-25×56

Steiner Military 5-25×56

More Tactile Clicks (MTC)

As I pointed out in the post on ergonomics, many of the scopes had positive clicks with sound, but there is another class of clicks referred to as More Tactile Clicks (MTC) that are supposed to be easier to adjust simply based on feel (no visual confirmation necessary). Only 5 scopes offer MTC turrets:

Hensoldt ZF 3.5-26×56

Leupold Mark 6 3-18×44 with Pinch & Turn Turret (At least very noticeable detent on zero and multiples of 5)

(At least very noticeable detent on zero and multiples of 5) Leupold Mark 8 3.5-25×56 with Pinch & Turn Turret (At least very noticeable detent on zero and multiples of 5)

(At least very noticeable detent on zero and multiples of 5) Schmidt and Bender PMII 3-27×56 with MTC LT Turret

Schmidt and Bender PMII 5-25×56 with MTC LT Turret

Locking Turrets

Some people prefer to have a turret that can be locked, so you don’t accidentally move it off zero or a predefined adjustment. Not all scopes have locking turrets, and the designs vary significantly. Some are unobtrusive, and other designs could make the scope more cumbersome to use. I’d suggest reading through the ergonomic posts and watch the turret demo videos to get more context on the lock design before you decided whether you really want one or not.

Here are the scopes that have an option for a locking turret:

Bushnell Elite Tactical DMR 3.5-21×50

Bushnell Elite Tactical XRS 4.5-30×50

Leupold Mark 6 3-18×44

Leupold Mark 8 3.5-25×56

Nightforce BEAST 5-25×56

Schmidt and Bender PMII 3-27×56

Schmidt and Bender PMII 5-25×56

Zeiss Victory FL Diavari 6-24×56

Tool Free Zero Reset

You need a hex key (aka Allen wrench) or other tool to reset the zero on most scopes. However, the Leupold’s Pinch & Turn Turret has a tool-less design for resetting the zero. This turret is available on both the Leupold Mark 6 3-18×44 and the Leupold Mark 8 3.5-25×56. It essentially has two pins that you can press in with your fingers to release the turret ring so you can spin it to zero and snap it back in place. It’s simple and is a quick, handy feature.

In addition, the Leupold Custom Shop can make custom ballistic rings that you could easily swap out so you could use the same scope on different calibers or loads. And with the tool-free design, it would take less than 20 seconds to swap them out.

One-Piece Tube

Many feel like a scope with a one-piece main tube is a better design than multi-piece tubes. Here is an excerpt from ChuckHawks.com on the topic:

One-piece tubes are superior to two or three piece main tubes. It is not just the extra potential leak paths; anytime you machine threads into an area of a tube, you weaken it as the wall thickness is reduced. Threads have tolerances. If they did not, threaded components could not be hand assembled. From a design standpoint they are inferior in strength, assuming the same metallurgy. There is only one reason multiple piece main tubes exist in scopeland today: they are cheaper to assemble. This is both basic and universally embraced.

That could be an overly dogmatic view, but it stands to reason that a 1-piece tube is a simpler design that should be easier to get completely straight, and it would likely be inherently more rigid as well.

You might expect main housing for all the scopes in this price range to be a single tube, but that wasn’t the case. There were a couple that use multi-piece designs for one reason or another. This doesn’t necessarily mean they are poorer designs. It simply means these designers would have to take additional measures to mitigate the inherent issues noted above. In fact, while many of Nightforce’s scopes are a one-piece design (like the ATACR and NXS), they have some models that are multiple pieces including the new Nightforce BEAST. Nightforce did tell me they’ve never experienced an issue with their multi-piece designs.

One-Piece Main Tube Multiple Piece Main Tube Bushnell Elite Tactical DMR 3.5-21×50

Bushnell Elite Tactical XRS 4.5-30×50

Hensoldt ZF 3.5-26×56

Kahles K 6-24×56

Leupold Mark 6 3-18×44

Leupold Mark 8 3.5-25×56

March Tactical 3-24×42 FFP

Nightforce ATACR 5-25×56

Nightforce NXS 5.5-22×50

Schmidt and Bender PMII 3-27×56

Schmidt and Bender PMII 5-25×56

Steiner Military 5-25×56

Valdada IOR 3.5-18×50

Valdada IOR RECON Tactical 4-28×50

Vortex Razor HD 5-20×50

Zeiss Victory FL Diavari 6-24×56 Nightforce BEAST 5-25×56

US Optics ER25 5-25×58

Mil-Spec Anodizing

Anodizing is an electrochemical process that converts the metal surface into a durable, corrosion-resistant finish. Anodizing techniques can vary considerably. The most widely used anodizing specification is Mil Spec 8625 F, and the top scope manufacturers use an anodizing process that meets or exceeds Type III Hard Coat Specs. These specs define acceptance criteria such as coating weight, corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance, paint adhesion, and other standards for workmanship, process control, testing, etc.

I asked each manufacturer if their anodizing meets mil-spec. Most of them knew with certainty that it did, but a few weren’t sure. Here are the results:

Anodizing meets Mil-Spec Unknown Hensoldt ZF 3.5-26×56

Kahles K 6-24×56

Leupold Mark 6 3-18×44

Leupold Mark 8 3.5-25×56

March Tactical 3-24×42 FFP

Nightforce ATACR 5-25×56

Nightforce BEAST 5-25×56

Nightforce NXS 5.5-22×50

Schmidt and Bender PMII 3-27×56

Schmidt and Bender PMII 5-25×56

Steiner Military 5-25×56

US Optics ER25 5-25×58

Vortex Razor HD 5-20×50 Bushnell Elite Tactical DMR 3.5-21×50

Bushnell Elite Tactical XRS 4.5-30×50

Valdada IOR 3.5-18×50

Valdada IOR RECON Tactical 4-28×50

Zeiss Victory FL Diavari 6-24×56

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Other Post in this Series

This is just one of a whole series of posts related to this high-end tactical scope field test. Here are links to the others:

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