The powers in Beijing are hinting at the use of People’s Liberation Army forces to put down the protests, but so far have only hinted, and expressed hope that Hong Kong’s compliant leader, Carrie Lam, as well as local police, can keep a lid on the demonstrations for now. But the tone of Monday’s remarks was uncompromising and signaled that Chinese President Xi Jinping sees this crisis as yet another moment when expressions of dissent and freedom must be snuffed out. Rather than accept that Hong Kongers have a legitimate beef and a right to say so, China’s authorities have painted the demonstrators as illegitimate, being “carefully orchestrated” from outside, as the China Daily put it. The protests, the news outlet said, are “of the same hue as the color revolutions that were instigated in the Middle East and North Africa,” an image of the Arab Spring that terrifies China’s ruling party-state.

Hong Kong police have faced off against demonstrators with tear gas and rubber bullets, saying some protesters have hurled bricks. The protesters are showing up at different locations and long into the night, disregarding calls by police to disband. Recently, some protesters were attacked by thugs while the police stood by. If the leaders in Beijing were smart, they would see that the protests that began in June are morphing into something more desperate than before, and they would be responsive to the demands. Instead, they dismiss the protests outright.

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The demonstrations were first sparked by opposition to legislation allowing extradition of suspects — including dissidents — from Hong Kong to the mainland, where they could be subject to Communist Party whims. Ms. Lam has said the legislation is shelved, but she has not outright canceled it and stood fast against any other concessions. Meanwhile, the protesters have broadened their demands to include an investigation of police brutality, and Ms. Lam’s resignation.

The 1997 handover of Hong Kong promised “one country, two systems” in which the territory could preserve its autonomy and freedoms for 50 more years. By chipping away at those freedoms and by using strong-arm tactics to suppress the protests, China’s leaders are revealing their true intent, which is one country, one system — to coerce Hong Kong into the mainland’s grip. This month’s protests showed that Hong Kong’s people will not march silently to this fate. China is making a large and potentially costly mistake by failing to understand the protests and the reasons behind them.

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