Lawmakers in a growing number of Republican-controlled states are moving to strike back against local governments that may work to shield undocumented immigrants from deportation, joining the Trump administration’s aggressive stance on so-called sanctuary cities nationwide.

At least five states — Idaho, Iowa, Michigan, Texas, and Wisconsin — have introduced bills in the last week that aim to crack down on cities, counties, and other jurisdictions that refuse to cooperate with federal immigration officials. Each of them now enjoys a comfortable GOP majority in both legislative chambers as well as a Republican governor, giving the controversial measures a greater chance of becoming law. President Donald Trump, whose tough stance on immigration helped fuel his successful bid for the White House, also carried all five states in November despite Barack Obama, his Democratic predecessor, winning Iowa, Michigan, and Wisconsin in the previous two elections.

“You can’t choose which laws you’re going to follow and which you can’t,” Tim Kelly, a co-sponsor of Michigan’s proposal, told the state’s public radio affiliate. “We have a president now that’s very interested in the rule of law. And I think that things ought to start being followed.”

The flurry of proposals comes amid a looming battle between the Trump White House and liberal cities that want to protect millions of undocumented immigrants from deportation. During his first week in office, the new president took steps to target these immigrant sanctuaries with an executive order that could ultimately strip millions of dollars in federal funding from them. However, mayors and police chiefs, in cities both large and small, remain defiant and have vowed they will refuse to aid federal law enforcement dispatched to detain immigrants in their communities. Nearly a dozen more cities have declared themselves sanctuaries since Trump’s executive order last month.

While there’s no exact definition, immigrant sanctuaries generally refer to jurisdictions that do not cooperate fully with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. Some cities, counties, and even college campuses do so by prohibiting local law enforcement from asking about a person’s immigration status. Others refuse to detain undocumented immigrants for minor offenses or honor all deportation requests made by the federal government.

An analysis by the Migration Policy Institute in 2015 found that at least 5.9 million undocumented immigrants — roughly 53 percent of the 11 million believed to be in the U.S. — lived in one of more than 360 jurisdictions that have passed laws to formally limit their cooperation with the ICE. Law enforcement in many cities and towns have expressed concern about working closely with federal immigration officials. Some fear it undermines trust with the immigrant community. Police say it can also make people less likely to report crimes or testify as witnesses.

But a number of Republican lawmakers insist that these sanctuaries are a threat to public safety or simply flout the rule of law — though some legal experts argue that local governments cannot be forced to follow federal immigration orders. Under the current proposals in Idaho, Michigan, and Texas, local governments that do not fully cooperate with federal immigration agents could face cuts in state grants and funding. Wisconsin’s bill seeks to impose a $5,000-a-day penalty on immigrant sanctuaries. Meanwhile, a draft of Iowa’s proposal would prohibit local jurisdictions from limiting enforcement of federal immigration laws, though the bill does not specify how it would force them to comply with the new law.

Three of these states — Michigan, Texas, and Wisconsin — have taken up anti-sanctuary bills in previous legislative sessions, but they have all failed to win approval in both the House and Senate. That could change in the new political climate. In Texas, Republican Governor Greg Abbott has already stripped $1.5 million in state grants from Austin’s new sheriff after she announced her county would scale back cooperation with federal immigration officials over deportations. On Friday, Texas lawmakers advanced its anti-sanctuary bill, which could receive a full vote by the Senate this week.