PARIS — After a day of intense pressure, the office of President Emmanuel Macron of France said on Friday that it was firing the aide identified this week in a video that shows him hitting a protester during a demonstration in May. But the announcement did little to quash a barrage of criticism directed at Mr. Macron.

The aide, Alexandre Benalla, 26, was identified on Wednesday by the newspaper Le Monde in a May 1 video that shows him wearing a police helmet as he grabs, drags and hits a man during a labor protest.

The decision to fire Mr. Benalla, who is being questioned as part of an investigation into the matter, came after officials initially suspended him without pay for 15 days and stripped him of his role organizing security for presidential trips, a punishment that critics said was too lenient.

Mr. Macron has yet to address the case directly, but political opponents have seized upon it to portray the president as a haughty ruler who flouts the law.