The gunmen shouted "Allahu Akbar" ("God is great") as they stormed the hotel, a security source told Reuters. In this TV image taken from Mali TV ORTM, a security officer gives instructions to other security forces before moving against Islamist gunmen inside the Radisson Blu Hotel in Bamako, Mali. Credit:AP Several dozen hostages, many of them crying, streamed out of the hotel after hiding in their rooms, said Amadou Sidibé, a local reporter at the scene. By afternoon, two assailants had been killed and the operation to retake the hotel was still underway, according to Colonel Salif Traoré, Mali's minister of interior security. The remaining assailants were holed up in a corner of the hotel, but he said there were no more hostages being held. According to the operators of the hotel, at least 125 guests and 13 employees were inside the hotel on Friday after the siege began.

A US Defence official said 12 to 15 Americans were believed to be at the hotel when the gunmen first arrived. Six US citizens were recovered safely from the hotel, he said. The status of the others is not clear. Security forces help hostages to safety, inside the Radisson Blu Hotel in Bamako. This image was taken from Mali TV ORTM. Credit:AP US Special Operations forces "are currently assisting hostage recovery efforts," said Colonel Mark Cheadle, a spokesman with US Africa Command. "US forces have helped move civilians to secure locations, as Malian forces work to clear the hotel of hostile gunmen." The siege in Mali, a former French colony, came only a week after terrorists with assault rifles and suicide vests killed 129 people in attacks across Paris. Hostages flee the Radisson Blu hotel in Mali. The man in the black suit is reportedly Guinean singer Sekouba Bambino, who escaped. Credit:AP

It is still unclear who is responsible for the attack in Mali, but the country has long struggled with insurrection and Islamist extremism. Northern Mali fell under the control of rebels and Islamist militants in 2012. A French-led offensive ousted them in 2013, but remnants of the militant groups have staged a number of attacks on UN peacekeepers and Malian forces. Hundreds of French soldiers remain in the country. A woman is led away by security from the Radisson Blu Hotel in Mali. Credit:AP The Radisson Blu Hotel is a popular place for foreigners to stay in Bamako, a city with a population approaching two million, and French citizens were among those taken hostage. About 20 Indian citizens were in the hotel at the time of the attack but were evacuated safely, the Indian ambassador to Mali said.

Security forces crouch down outside the Radisson Blu Hotel in Mali. Islamist gunmen killed at least 21 people there on Friday. Credit:AP Germany's Foreign Ministry said that two Germans were among the hostages who had been released from the hotel. Four Belgians were registered in the hotel, according to a Foreign Ministry spokesman in that country. At least one of them, a 39-year-old Belgian working for the Wallonia-Brussels regional parliament, died during the attack. He was in Mali for three days for a meeting. A diplomat at the Chinese embassy in Bamako said that eight Chinese business people had been trapped in the hotel as well. Embassy officials at the scene were in touch with some of the Chinese hostages by WeChat, a Chinese messaging service, the diplomat said. Later, China's national broadcaster, CCTV, reported that four of the Chinese citizens had been freed. Security forces rush to the scene of the attack. Credit:Malikahere Kassim Traoré, a Malian journalist who was in a building about 50 metres from the Radisson, said the attackers had told hostages to recite a declaration of Muslim faith as a way separating Muslims from non-Muslims.

Those who could recite the declaration, the Shahada, were allowed to leave the hotel. The al-Shabab, an al-Qaeda affiliate in East Africa, used a similar approach in the attack at the Westgate Mall in Nairobi in 2013. The security forces were moving through the hotel, floor by floor, freeing hostages as they went, Traoré added. Some of the people who fled the hotel were not wearing any clothes as they were taken to a police station. "We were just evacuated from the hotel by security forces; I know that there are a lot of people inside right now," one hostage who made it to safety told France24 television. "I saw bodies in the lobby. What is happening right now is really horrible." "I was hidden in my room barely a couple minutes, a couple seconds ago, and someone shouted, telling us to get out," the hostage said. "My door was smashed open, the security forces arrived."

Another French hostage, who did not want to be identified, told a friend in Bamako that a group of people were trapped on the roof of the hotel, along with the body of one person who had died in the attack. The hostage told the friend that the French Consulate had told hostages by text message to stay put and wait for a military assault. Kamissoko Lassine, the chief pastry chef of the Radisson Blu hotel in Bamako, said that two armed men arrived at the hotel between 7am and 7:30am. "They were driving a vehicle with diplomatic plates," he said. "You know how easy that is at the hotel? The guards just lifted the barrier." "They opened fire and wounded the guard at the front," said Lassine, who said he was able to slip out a back door and make it home safely. "They took the hotel hostage and moved people into a big hall." An African jihadist group affiliated with al-Qaeda claimed responsibility on Friday for the attack.

Al-Mourabitoun, a group based in northern Mali and made up mostly of Tuaregs and Arabs, posted a message on Twitter saying it was behind the attack on the hotel. The claim could not immediately be verified. Al-Mourabitoun, formed around two years ago and based in the Sahara Desert, is headed by former al-Qaeda fighter Mokhtar Belmokhtar. It has claimed responsibility for the death of five people last March in an attack on a restaurant in Bamako; a suicide attack on a group of UN peacekeepers in northern Mali in April in which at least three people died; and an attack on a hotel in Sevare in central Mali in August in which 17 people were killed. A member of the UN peacekeeping force in Mali, who asked not to be identified, said there were many French people in the hotel, including Air France staff members, along with a delegation for the International Organisation of French Speakers. Air France later said in a statement that 12 members of its crew had been at the hotel and were freed.

A spokesperson for the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade DFAT was aware of the unfolding situation in Bamako, Mali. "The Australian High Commission in Accra [Ghana] is making urgent enquiries to establish if any Australians have been affected," the DFAT spokesperson said. Mali has been crippled by instability since January, 2012, when rebels and al-Qaeda-linked militants - armed with the remnants of late Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi's arsenal - began advancing through the country's vast desert in the north and capturing towns.

A military coup, stirred in part by anger over the government's handling of the insurrection, overthrew Mali's elected government in March 2012. Amid the chaos, Islamist rebels managed to consolidate their hold on the northern part of the country, imposing a harsh version of Islamic law. In January of 2013, the Islamist forces began advancing south from their northern stronghold, heading in the direction of Mali's capital. France sent in troops to stop them. A brief military campaign halted the Islamist advance, recaptured towns like Timbuktu that had been under the militants' control, and chased the remaining Islamist fighters back into the desert. But in a twist, other militants linked to al-Qaeda stormed a vast gas production facility in the desert of neighbouring Algeria, taking dozens of expatriate workers hostage. Some 38 were killed during the siege of the gas plant. With hundreds of French troops still present in Mali and the country highly reliant on donors, elections in the summer of 2013 restored a democratic government. But its hold on the north remains weak. There are frequent attacks by Islamist fighters, particularly on UN troops, in the northern provinces. A shaky peace deal signed in June has not stopped the attacks, and in August five UN workers were killed in an assault on a hotel in central Mali. Five months before, militants killed five at a restaurant in Bamako.

New York Times, Reuters, Kate Aubsson