Tidal has certainly had some success in the Jay-Z era, having racked up 4.2 million paid subscribers as of June. You can likely attribute some of that to customers sticking around after listening to streaming exclusives from the likes of Beyoncé, Kanye and Prince. However, the loss underlines the challenge it faces adding more listeners. Apple and Spotify both have larger war chests to spend on exclusives, and much larger customer bases to boot -- Apple Music has picked up 17 million paying users in 15 months, while Spotify has over 30 million. Tidal may have to work overtime (whether it's scoring more exclusives or marketing itself) if it wants to turn a profit while maintaining a high profile.