The development of the alphabet approximately 3000 years ago, the original Hebrew script (Ktav Ivri), and what we use today (Ktav Ashuri). The Gemara records a machloket as to whether the script we use today is the one in which the Torah was given.

If it's not the original script, shouldn't there be an issue with using a script other than the one in which the Torah was given? If it was the original script and was reinstated, how did it get lost in the first place? The Maharal and Rav Kook.

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Delivered at the OU Israel Center, October 24th, 2018, 15 Cheshvan 5779