The debate around funding Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has emerged as a major stumbling block in negotiations to keep the government open beyond Dec. 20, with some lawmakers saying it is a more divisive issue than President Trump Donald John TrumpBiden says voters should choose who nominates Supreme Court justice Trump, Biden will not shake hands at first debate due to COVID-19 Pelosi: Trump Supreme Court pick 'threatens' Affordable Care Act MORE's proposed border wall.

Democrats are insisting that the Homeland Security spending bill include drastic cuts to the number of beds ICE has available for detaining immigrants, a move that Republicans argue will lead to weaker border defense.

“I would think the ICE beds are the biggest obstacle,” said Rep. Lucille Roybal-Allard Lucille Roybal-AllardHispanic Caucus asks for Department of Labor meeting on COVID in meatpacking plants Democrats may bring DHS bill to House floor Texas Democrat proposes legislation requiring masks in federal facilities MORE (D-Calif.), the chairwoman of the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Homeland Security.

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Leaders of the party’s liberal wing have been particularly outspoken on the issue.

“ICE beds just need to be cut,” said Rep. Pramila Jayapal Pramila JayapalHillicon Valley: Subpoenas for Facebook, Google and Twitter on the cards | Wray rebuffs mail-in voting conspiracies | Reps. raise mass surveillance concerns Bipartisan representatives demand answers on expired surveillance programs DHS opens probe into allegations at Georgia ICE facility MORE (D-Wash.), co-chair of the Congressional Progressive Caucus.

“The things that the administration is doing with immigrants and continuing to do is so cruel and horrific, from creating false schools for immigrants to come to and then to try to entrap them there, everything we’ve seen on the border, the continued separation of families. So we want to see real accountability,” she added.

Anger at ICE shot up this week, particularly among Democrats, following revelations that the agency set up a fake school in Michigan in a bid to lure foreign students to violate immigration laws.

“This organization has gone rogue and doesn't know how to prioritize real threats,” said Rep. Ruben Gallego Ruben GallegoHispanic caucus report takes stock of accomplishments with eye toward 2021 Senators call on Pentagon to reinstate funding for Stars and Stripes newspaper Hispanic Caucus campaign chief to mount leadership bid MORE (D-Ariz.), vice chairman of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus.

The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) bill in the House would reduce the number of beds from 35,520 at the end of fiscal 2019 to 34,000, and stipulate that only half of those could be used for interior enforcement.

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The Senate bill would put the number of beds at more than 52,000. Republicans argue that ICE needs more capacity to deal with the surge of immigrants crossing the border illegally, as well as asylum-seekers.

According to DHS, the detained population at the end of November was 44,860.

For many Democrats, immigration enforcement has become more pressing than funding battles over the wall.

“There are many more constituents who are affected by immigration enforcement than by the construction of a wall,” a Democratic aide said.

Trump’s proposed border wall played a prominent role in his 2016 campaign and has become an obstacle to passing spending bills every year since he took office.

Congress has repeatedly refused to allocate the roughly $5 billion he’s requested annually. Last year, the standoff led to a record-long 35-day government shutdown, after which Trump declared a state of emergency in order to reprogram other funds toward the wall.

Neither the Democratic-controlled House nor the GOP-led Senate have succeeded in passing a DHS funding bill this year. Each chamber advanced its version of the spending bill in committee along party lines.

Negotiations on ICE have made little headway.

“That’s one of the two big issues, the wall funding and the riders that go along with that, and the ICE beds, and we’re negotiating that right now,” said Sen. Shelley Moore Capito Shelley Wellons Moore CapitoCongress must finish work on popular conservation bill before time runs out Second GOP senator to quarantine after exposure to coronavirus GOP senator to quarantine after coronavirus exposure MORE (R-W.Va.), chairwoman of the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Homeland Security.

Senate Appropriations Committee Chairman Richard Shelby Richard Craig ShelbyThe Hill's Morning Report - Sponsored by Facebook - Republicans lawmakers rebuke Trump on election Senate to push funding bill vote up against shutdown deadline Senate GOP eyes early exit MORE (R-Ala.) said Thursday that he was not optimistic about getting all the issues resolved before the Dec. 20 funding deadline.

“The reality is we haven’t closed the big impediments,” he said.

The ICE issue, he added, remained a sticking point.

“The Democrats do not seem to be forthcoming with us on some of that, but that’s something we’ve got to discuss,” he said.

Appropriators had originally pegged Friday as the deadline for subcommittee chairs to wrap up work on the 12 annual spending bills, but several of the larger issues have been punted to next week.

Any unresolved issues would be left to Shelby to hammer out with House Appropriations Committee Chairwoman Nita Lowey Nita Sue LoweyTop House Democrats call for watchdog probe into Pompeo's Jerusalem speech With Biden, advocates sense momentum for lifting abortion funding ban Progressives look to flex their muscle in next Congress after primary wins MORE (D-N.Y.) and their respective ranking members, Sen. Patrick Leahy Patrick Joseph LeahyBipartisan representatives demand answers on expired surveillance programs Democrats shoot down talk of expanding Supreme Court Battle over timing complicates Democratic shutdown strategy MORE (D-Vt.) and Rep. Kay Granger Norvell (Kay) Kay GrangerGOP women's group rolls out six-figure campaign for Ernst Bottom line Helping our seniors before it's too late MORE (R-Texas).

With time running out and seemingly insurmountable obstacles surrounding ICE, some are already raising the possibility that another stopgap measure will be required.

“[We] have to be thinking about it seriously by the end of next week,” Shelby said.