New cases of the novel coronavirus reported Sunday, including the second death from the virus in the U.S., raised fears of a wider spread of the disease, prompting federal officials to ramp up efforts to test for and fight the growing health threat.

Health officials are focused on a cluster of confirmed cases in Washington, including the two deaths. Those infections, and several others in states such as Oregon and California—many with no clear path to exposure—signal that there might be wider spread of the virus in some communities, with many cases still undiagnosed. New cases were also reported in New York, Florida and Rhode Island.

Vice President Mike Pence, who is overseeing the Trump administration’s task force on the virus, promised Sunday that more testing kits are being produced and distributed so that infections can be detected and contained. President Trump and other administration officials are also scheduled to meet Monday at the White House with executives from the pharmaceutical industry.

White House officials are discussing a visit by Mr. Trump to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention headquarters in Atlanta, though the timing hasn’t been finalized, an administration official said.

Public health experts said that a shortage of tests had limited the ability to identify and contain cases and likely contributed to the virus’ spread. There had been relatively few diagnostic tests conducted in the U.S., with most state and local health departments sending patient samples to the CDC and waiting days for results.