MUMBAI, India — When it comes to trade, it often seems that India and the United States are playing a perplexing game of multidimensional chess.

On Friday, for example, India will decide whether to impose or again delay tariffs on American almonds, apples, walnuts and processed metal products in retaliation for the Trump administration’s decision in March to impose tariffs on steel and aluminum imports.

Next week, President Trump and his advisers will have to decide whether to penalize India for failing to abide by his Sunday deadline for all countries to stop importing oil from Iran.

“The sanctions threat and the tariffs are in many ways linked,” said Sreeram Chaulia, dean of the school of international affairs at O. P. Jindal Global University outside New Delhi.