"If the tables were turned, and a group of scientists published a paper showing some adverse effect from 2,4-D, I have no doubt that Dow would say a second and third study were needed," said Landrigan, whose research on childhood lead exposure helped prompt the removal of lead from gasoline and paint. "And yet, Dow is saying we need to trust this one study where results were reinterpreted midstream. There's reason to raise doubt here."