Many American women put off having children when times got hard in the recession. Now there’s more reason to worry they won’t have those kids at all.

In a new paper published by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Princeton University researchers Janet Currie and Hannes Schwandt cast doubt on the idea of a baby rebound. Women in their early 20s who went through the Great Recession, they believe, are likely not just to postpone births, but forgo them. The researchers analyzed U.S. birth records for American-born women between 1975 and 2010, a period that covers five recessions.