The next 30 years will be defined by China and U.S. relations, Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella said ahead of the company's annual Build conference.

"I think the next 10 years, next 20 years, next 30 years, whatever your time horizon, is going to be defined by these two countries — China and the United States — creating more interdependence, not less," Nadella told CNBC's Jon Fortt in an interview published Monday.

"That's what's going to be good for the two countries. That's what's going to be good for the world," Nadella said.

China and the U.S. have been ratcheting up trade threats in recent months, leaving the tech sector particularly vulnerable — with tech supply chains for American companies often rooted in China.