A passenger plane flying near the Shard had a “very near miss” with a drone as it approached Heathrow airport, a new report has said.

The drone, described as black and about 50cm wide, was spotted out of the right flight deck window at around 12:45pm on 18 July while the A320 aircraft was flying at an altitude of 4,900ft (1,500m) above the ground.

The plane “narrowly avoided” colliding with the drone as the pilot had no time to take any steps to avoid it.

The crew said the drone had “probably” passed above the right wing and horizontal stabiliser, which is on the tail of the plane.

A report on the incident published by the UK Airprox Board (UKAB), which regulates air safety in the UK, found the aircraft was flying illegally as drones weighing between 7kg and 20kg are only allowed to be flown as far up as their user can see them – which airspace guidelines say is around 400ft.

The police were notified of the incident but were unable to find the drone pilot.

The incident was one of four near misses involving drones recorded by UKAB in July.

Another near miss reported a week earlier near Liverpool John Lennon airport found that a “yellow and black drone” came within five metres of colliding with an A319 aircraft’s wingtip.

The most stunning drone pictures of 2015 Show all 12 1 /12 The most stunning drone pictures of 2015 The most stunning drone pictures of 2015 Amalfi Bay, Italy by Dronarium The most stunning drone pictures of 2015 Turgoyak, Miass, Russian Federation by Maksim Tarasov The most stunning drone pictures of 2015 Above the mist, Maringa, Brazil by Ricardo Matiello The most stunning drone pictures of 2015 Xiwei Reservoir, Zoucheng, Shandong, China by AmbroseLune The most stunning drone pictures of 2015 Lost island, Tahaa, French Polynesia by Marama photo Video The most stunning drone pictures of 2015 Cliff diver of Mazatlan, Mexico by wOOtsor The most stunning drone pictures of 2015 Church, Paracatu, Brazil by Alexandre Salem The most stunning drone pictures of 2015 Supertide turns Mont-Saint-Michel into island by Wanaiifilms The most stunning drone pictures of 2015 Jaguares, Football Club , Mexico by Jelipegomez The most stunning drone pictures of 2015 Christ, the Redeemer, Rio de Janeiro, brazil by Alexandre Salem The most stunning drone pictures of 2015 Al Marmoun Race Track, Dubai, UAE by Shoyab The most stunning drone pictures of 2015 Wedding in Aburi, Ghana by Aeroshutter

The crew reported that the drone “appeared to be moving in a westerly direction” and it “took longer to pass than the crew thought normal”.

The pilot told UKAB the drone was “an unnecessary distraction at a critical stage of flight” as the plane had just taken off.

It follows a steep rise in the number of incidents involving drones which have been recorded by UKAB.

UKAB received reports of 56 incidents this year up to October, compared with just 29 in all of 2015.

Steve Landells, flight safety specialist at the British Airline Pilots Association, called for a number of measures to be introduced to tackle the problem of drones in restricted areas such as airports.

These include better education for users, compulsory registration of drones and fitting the devices with technology that would stop them being flown into the wrong place.

He added: “Flying a drone in an irresponsible manner puts lives in danger and any offending drone should transmit enough data to allow the police to locate the operator, and, if they have endangered another aircraft, a prosecution should follow.”