It “did not reflect a balanced representation of our people’s participation and was a disrespect to our people’s will and decision,” the statement said.

Qatar was “requested to respect the list Afghans had prepared,” for the peace conference, the statement added. “Qatar’s government couldn’t implement our rightful request and the Qatari government canceled the conference.”

Messy disagreements over the past couple of weeks have brought to light divisions among Afghanistan’s political elite about who should lead talks with the Taliban, as well as how tricky it has become to maneuver around the Taliban’s insistence on negotiating on their own terms.

After several rounds of talks, the Taliban and American negotiators seem to be near a deal on major issues, including the withdrawal of American troops and a Taliban guarantee that international terrorist groups will not be allowed on Afghan soil. But that progress cannot be finalized until Afghans negotiate a political future for the country after the American withdrawal.

After the latest round of talks with Americans last month, the Taliban had quietly agreed to the participation, in a private capacity, of some government officials in the conference this weekend. But they regarded the final list of participants as essentially a government delegation, according to Taliban representatives and Western diplomats. It did not help that Mr. Ghani office, in announcing the original list on Tuesday, called it “the delegation of the government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan.”

Soon after the list’s release, the Taliban’s main spokesman, Zabihullah Mujahid, said in a statement that the Qatari hosts had made it clear “both in written and verbal form” that no one at the conference would be representing the government, and that any official who was there would be participating in a personal capacity.

“The creators of the Kabul list must realize that this is an orderly and prearranged conference in a faraway Gulf country and not an invitation to some wedding or other party at a hotel in Kabul,” Mr. Mujahid said, alluding to the large number of participants.