r44954 introduced experimental package signature verification for pluginPlugin A plugin is a piece of software containing a group of functions that can be added to a WordPress website. They can extend functionality or add new features to your WordPress websites. WordPress plugins are written in the PHP programming language and integrate seamlessly with WordPress. These can be free in the WordPress.org Plugin Directory https://wordpress.org/plugins/ or can be cost-based plugin from a third-party and theme updates. That and subsequent commits from #39309 have proved useful in testing and experimenting with the use of cryptographic signatures for update verification. That work has progressed to a point where it has become clear that there are many complicated and difficult problems to solve in order for signatures to be used securely in practice, and that solving those problems requires cryptographic expertise that we don’t have enough of.

Based on the discussion in that ticketticket Created for both bug reports and feature development on the bug tracker., there are essentially two possible ways to implement the key management infrastructure needed to use signatures in production:

Build a certificate structure something like X.509, and implement secure APIs to allow for key revocation and rotation. Use something like Gossamer for distributed key management.

Since both of these options are long-term projects that require very careful design and testing, we need a short-term plan for improving the security of auto-updates while those more ambitious ideas are explored.

It appears that the sensible short-term solution is to shelve signatures for the moment and instead use checksum hashes delivered over HTTPSHTTPS HTTPS is an acronym for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure. HTTPS is the secure version of HTTP, the protocol over which data is sent between your browser and the website that you are connected to. The 'S' at the end of HTTPS stands for 'Secure'. It means all communications between your browser and the website are encrypted. This is especially helpful for protecting sensitive data like banking information.. By strictly enforcing SSLSSL Secure Sockets Layer. Provides a secure means of sending data over the internet. Used for authenticated and private actions. certificate checks, we can offer package integrity checks that are more secure than the status quo, and take advantage of SSL’s certificate infrastructure for authentication. That will allow us to move forward with auto-updates now, and continue to research and develop robust signature protocols for future release.

I propose we do the following for 5.3:

Review the suitability of hashes provided by the core Core Core is the set of software required to run WordPress. The Core Development Team builds WordPress. update APIs. Improve the core update code so as to always use SSL with certificate checking (on systems with functioning SSL). Implement compatibility checks and fallback options for systems without functioning SSL (perhaps requiring human intervention to manually verify updates). Implement end-to-end tests for update code, including SSL fallback, and tests for the update APIs and checksums. Review handling of edge cases and exceptions such as rollbacks.

To clarify: in this context, SSL refers specifically to using a secure connection to api.wordpress.orgWordPress.org The community site where WordPress code is created and shared by the users. This is where you can download the source code for WordPress core, plugins and themes as well as the central location for community conversations and organization. https://wordpress.org/. It would not require SSL certificates to be installed on a WordPress site. Certificates would be used to verify the authenticity of wordpress.org itself.

Later versions of WordPress can make this obsolete by incorporating a well-tested system for signature verification once it is ready for production.

Enabling strict SSL for updates is a necessary step towards safely providing auto-updates. With this in place we eliminate the main technical blockerblocker A bug which is so severe that it blocks a release. to two of the 9 Projects for 2019.