This paper is based upon information freely available from the published works cited.

Early versions of this paper were presented at Northwestern, Syracuse, Edinburgh the Neolithic Studies Group and Bradford, and we are grateful to colleagues at all of these for their insightful questions and discussion. We also thank Yvonne Marshall for helpful discussion of feminism and gender, and the three anonymous reviewers for their comments. Funding for some of this research was provided by the Wellcome Trust (Grant 096510/Z/11/Z). We are grateful to Fabio Cavulli, Lila Janik, Albrecht Jockenhövel, Andrew Jones, and Annaluisa Pedrotti for permission to use their imagery, and to Vicki Herring for her drawings. Marta Díaz-Guardamino kindly translated the Spanish abstract. We would like to dedicate this paper to remembering Joan Gero. Joan reviewed the first paper on gender one of us wrote (Robb Reference Robb1994 ), critiquing it strongly but in a uniquely supportive way. As well as being someone from whom we have learned a lot about gender, she remained a warm, open-minded, and inspirational colleague throughout her life.

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