That would be an astounding reduction in flight times. A flight from New York to Shanghai currently takes about 15 hours, and the flight from Los Angeles to Toronto lasts about 4 hours.

A video for the BFR said the rocket will be able to fly from New York to Shanghai in 39 minutes, Hong Kong to Singapore in 22 minutes, Los Angeles to Toronto in 24 minutes, or New York to London in 29 minutes.

SpaceX also said the all-purpose spacecraft could be a much faster way to travel around the world.

The SpaceX CEO outlined his plans for a "BFR," during a presentation at the International Astronautical Congress in Australia on Friday. Musk says the rocket will ultimately replace all of SpaceX's other crafts, including the Falcon 9, the yet-to-be-launched Falcon Heavy, as well as the Dragon capsule.

Elon Musk wants to take people around the world in a matter of minutes.

What's more, Musk says the ticket price for an intercontinental rocket ride would cost about the same as a commercial airline ticket.

Musk also plans to use the ships to send an uncrewed mission to Mars by 2022.

As amazing as that development sounds, there are reasons to be skeptical that rockets will ferry people around the planet for so little money anytime soon, said John Logsdon, who is professor emeritus at George Washington University's Elliott School of International Affairs and a faculty member at the university's Space Policy Institute.

"It is a very attractive prospect, but I think extremely unrealistic in any relevant time frame," Logsdon told CNBC in an interview.

SpaceX was not immediately available for comment.

However, Musk did suggest in his talk that if a ship is capable of flying to other planets, it ought to be capable of flying around the globe. He also highlighted some advantages of rocket travel, such as a lack of turbulence in space.

"If you are building this thing to go to the moon and Mars, why not go to other places on Earth as well?" Musk said.

It is worth noting that many of SpaceX's previous achievements, such as landing a rocket on a ship in the middle of the ocean, were initially met with skepticism.

There have been proposals for these sorts of things before, Logsdon said. For example, President Ronald Reagan touted the idea for a spacecraft he called the "new Orient Express" that would carry passengers around the planet. It never materialized.

Space travel isn't easy, to say the least, Logsdon said.

Passengers on a spacecraft are subject to forces that are as much as five times the force of gravity as they accelerate into space, then are in microgravity or zero gravity for the duration of the flight. They get hit with the G-force again on landing, he said.

"The idea that a typical airline passenger would be able to go through the experience just doesn't compute," he said. "Musk calls all of this 'aspirational,' which is a nice code word for more than likely not achievable."

However, Logsdon did say Musk's presence and his work is healthy for the industry overall.

"I think the phenomenon called Elon Musk is fascinating and serves as a kind of beacon of hope that there is a better space future ahead of us," he said, "and the transition from that beacon to reality will almost certainly take longer than Elon and his supporters hope."

To watch Musk's full talk, click here.