Mr. Tillerson answered: “I have spoken. I have made my own comments as to our values as well in a speech I gave to the State Department this past week.”

On Aug. 12, a 32-year-old woman, Heather D. Heyer, who was protesting a rally of white supremacists in Charlottesville, was killed when a car driven by a man who had professed admiration for Nazi ideology slammed into her and other demonstrators. During a wild news conference at Trump Tower three days later, Mr. Trump blamed “both sides” for the deadly violence.

In the weeks since Ms. Heyer’s death, Mr. Trump has alternated between singling out neo-Nazis and the Ku Klux Klan for condemnation and asserting that what he called the “alt-left” was also to blame for the Charlottesville violence.

A group of United Nations experts, without naming Mr. Trump, criticized a “failure at the highest political level of the United States of America to unequivocally reject and condemn” racist violence.