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The Wall Street Journal

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Autobiography of a Spy

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Vanity Fair

Autobiography of a Spy

“In 1936 Jung had published an article entitled ‘Wotan,’ which had caused a great deal of controversy. But I felt that his thesis, namely that the archetypes of the old, primitive, Teutonic gods had broken loose and were affecting the behavior of the entire German nation, was valid. In other words, a whole country had been seized by madness in very much the same way an individual goes insane. This seemed to me then—and still seems to me today—the only possible explanation of such an otherwise incomprehensible and tragic phenomenon.”

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“Not many people are aware of the fact that Dulles was a close friend of Carl Gustav Jung,” Lloyd expounds, “but knowledge of that relationship is absolutely crucial to an understanding of certain postwar developments in the U.S. intelligence community and our present-day National Security State.”“Allen Dulles was into Jungian psychology?” I ask, dumbfounded.“He certainly was… although he never sought treatment for his own quite obvious Rasputin complex.” Lloyd purses his lips into a sour little moue. “A pity, because our world might be a far better place now if the treatment had succeeded. It was actually the woman Dulles was having an affair with in Switzerland during World War II, Mary Bancroft, who was in analysis with Jung. She was the one who got Dulles and Jung talking to each other.”“Was she just a total nutjob, or what?” asks James.“Mary Bancroft was perhaps a bit of a narcissist, but otherwise supremely sane. She began seeing Jung in the mid-1930s because she’d been plagued by fits of persistent sneezing, which she’d properly intuited as having a psychological basis. During the course of four years of analysis, Jung helped her to completely overcome the sneezing fits, but by then she’d become interested in the deeper rewards of analysis—the journey toward successful individuation—and so she stuck with it. And thus, like the fabled Butterfly Effect that chaos theorists like to bandy about, Mary Bancroft’s sneezes had far-reaching consequences that ultimately resulted in the appearance of the huge black triangle UFOs over New York’s Hudson Valley that I’ve been looking into for the past several months.”“Whoa! You’re gonna have to explain that one…” I say to Lloyd.“Black triangles are flying around New York?” James asks him.“They’ve been seen by literally thousands of people at this point. It’s as if theyto be seen. One even violated the airspace above the Indian Point Nuclear Facility and hovered over a reactor. However, your friend Skeeze is the first person to have seen one on the West Coast that I’m aware of, which is why I booked a flight right out here once I saw your article.”“But that happened almost five years ago,” I point out.“Yes, but Skeeze is one of the very few witnesses who claims to be able to recall what happened to him once he was takenthe UFO. For that reason alone, I’d very much like to have a word with him.”“Yeah, well, good luck with that,” says James. “Right now he’s sailing a yacht down to Mexico with Francesca and Crash’s stoner witch girlfriend.”“Is that true?” Lloyd asks me, looking disappointed.“It’s a long story…” I sigh. James and I proceed to tell it to him. When we’re done, Lloyd reciprocates by telling us a long story about Allen Dulles—specifically, how he twisted his friend Carl Jung’s theories about UFOs and the collective unconscious to serve the CIA’s perverse agenda:Allen Welsh Dulles and his elder brother, John Foster Dulles, honed their skills in duplicity as senior partners at the prestigious Manhattan law firm, Sullivan & Cromwell—the lawyers of choice for a long list of Wall Street robber barons and amoral corporations. Both brothers were founding members of the Council on Foreign Relations. John Foster Dulles, the German Kaiser’s personal attorney, was especially adept at helping families like the Rockefellers, DuPonts, Harrimans, Walkers, and Bushs to load up on lucrative German investments between the two World Wars—first, by passing bribes at the Versailles Peace Conference to assure that the treaty would benefit Sullivan & Cromwell’s elite clients; and later, by shielding those same clients from investigation for laundering Nazi funds and otherwise profiting from Hitler’s crimes against humanity.(Sullivan & Cromwell represented many of the leading banks of Berlin and Bavaria after they came out on the wrong side of World War I. They also handled the legal arrangements for the New York banks of Hitler’s most important financiers, Fritz Thyssen and Baron Kurt von Schroeder. The Dulles brothers were even said to be at Schroeder’s home for an infamous meeting on January 4, 1933, with Hitler and Franz von Papen, during which Papen agreed to secure Hitler’s appointment as Chancellor of Germany—and Schroeder pledged to continue bankrolling his private army—in exchange for Hitler’s promise to crush the trade unions.)On November 8, 1942—just before the Nazis sealed off Switzerland’s borders and occupied all of France in retaliation for the American landings in North Africa—Allen Dulles arrived in Bern to assume his post as Swiss station chief for the Office of Strategic Services. The OSS was America’s overseas spying agency, a forerunner to the CIA, and Bern at the time was a hotbed of espionage and financial intrigues. Dulles soon became the-spider at the center of that intelligence web. He was said to have millions of dollars at his disposal and a direct line to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. He also had a wife named Clover back at home in the States, but that didn’t prevent him from starting up a convenient romance with one of his early spy recruits, Mary Bancroft.Bancroft came from a family of Boston Brahmins who’d inherited. Her father, Hugh, a Harvard-educated lawyer, had been publisher of thefor five years until his suicide in 1933. Bancroft was a dilettante journalist in her own right and she spoke fluent German. Dulles had been impressed by her insightful analyses of German news articles and speeches that she’d prepared for his Bern advance man in the OSS, Gerry Mayer. She met with Dulles for dinner not long after his move to Bern. They discovered that they had many mutual friends and a lot of other things in common. At thirty-nine, Bancroft was outgoing, well-connected, highly intelligent and intuitive, and sexually voracious outside of her blatantly “open” marriage to a Zurich businessman; Dulles, ten years older, was much the same (except for the part about the Zurich businessman).As Bancroft explained in her 1983 book,, when Dulles needed a translator for a memoir being written by Hans Bernd Gisevius—a senior agent in the Nazi(the German intelligence service) who was in Switzerland to ostensibly develop contacts with the Allies so they could provide support for anplot to depose Hitler—Dulles decided Bancroft was the right woman for the job. Gisevius hoped to have his memoir published simultaneously in English and German as soon as the war ended, thinking he’d be hailed as a hero if the plot to kill Hitler succeeded. Dulles, not completely trusting Gisevius, wanted Bancroft to spy on him while she worked on the translation, but he warned her that if she couldn’t keep the project a secret “five thousand people will be dead.”(The assassination attempt—Operation Valkyrie—failed on July 20, 1944. Dulles was uncannily right about the number of lives at stake: According to the records of the, Hitler retaliated by ordering the execution of 4,980 German conspirators believed responsible for the July Plot.)Anxious about the number of lives she might be putting at risk, Bancroft, a self-described “blabber,” immediately booked an appointment with Professor Jung to see if he thought she could keep her mouth shut. Jung laughed and assured her that she could indeed keep such a secret, “Although probably only the prospect of five thousand corpses if you didn’t would ever make you do it!” He thought her relationship with Dulles might prove interesting and he encouraged her to pursue it.Bancroft soon settled into a regular routine during her weekly visits to Bern, spying for Dulles by day and jumping his bones by night—or engaging in “a bit of dalliance,” as she coyly described her bestial rutting with the legendary spymaster. Their pillow talk often revolved around Jung, whom Dulles knew mostly by reputation at that point (they had met only once, at the Harvard Tercentenary in 1936).One of Jung’s early popularizers in America had been Aleister Crowley, who’d written a lightly mocking and widely-read article about Jung in the December 1916 edition oftitled, “An Improvement on Psychoanalysis: The Psychology of the Unconscious (For Dinner-Table Consumption).” In that article, Crowley had decreed: “Jung’s great work has been to analyze the race-myths, and to find in them the expression of the unconscious longings of humanity.” That aspect of Jung’s work—so different from Freud’s sex-drenched repression theories—was what had initially impressed both Dulles and Bancroft. As she wrote inDulles wanted Jung to provide psychological profiles of Hitler, Mussolini, and other Nazi-Fascist leaders; he was also interested in Jung’s opinion on the effectiveness of Allied propaganda campaigns. In fact, he wanted Bancroft to ask Jung so many questions that her analytical sessions with him eventually became devoted to getting Dulles his answers. Then, early in 1943, Jung and Dulles finally met in Zurich at Jung’s house on the lake at Seestrasse 228, where they embarked an experimental “marriage between espionage and psychology” and an intimate friendship that would last until Jung’s death on 6/6/61.From that first meeting onward, Jung became a sort of senior advisor to Dulles on a weekly, if not almost daily, basis. In Dulles’ reports to OSS headquarters in Washington, Jung became known as Agent 488. Dulles made sure that special attention was paid to Agent 488’s analyses of how German leaders might react to the war’s events, especially Hitler, “in view of his psychopathic characteristics.” Jung had predicted that Hitler would resort to desperate measures in the end, including the possibility of suicide.By 1945, the Supreme Allied Commander in Europe, General Dwight D. Eisenhower, was reading Agent 488’s views on the best way to persuade the German population to accept defeat, while Dulles was setting the stage for Operation Sunrise—a series of secret negotiations with Waffen-SS General Karl Wolff that resulted in the early surrender of German forces in northern Italy.And then the war was over.“So wait… you’re telling us Jung and Dulles psyched out the Germans and put an end to World War II?”“I’m merely pointing out that they did their part for the Allied cause,” Lloyd says to me. “Jung’s role has never been widely publicized. If it had, his detractors never would have gotten away with floating the specious rumor that he was a closeted Nazi.”“Jung was a Nazi?” James asks, feigning outrage again.“He most certainly wasn’t,” says Lloyd, “but beginning around 1950, articles placed in theand other sources suggested that he’d been sympathetic to the Nazi cause.”“First Aleister Crowley pimps for him in—which must’ve laid some heavy guilt by association on him—and then thetries to take him down as a Nazi. It sounds like Jung could’ve used a good PR team.”“At least he had Allen Dulles on his side. Dulles wrote letters and went on television to vouch for Jung’s deep antipathy to what Nazism and Fascism stood for.”“Yeah, but who can trust Allen Dulles?” I say. “Wasn’t he the guy who helped import all those Nazi scientists to the U.S. during Operation Paperclip? I mean, didn’t you already tell us that because of Paperclip the Nazi egregore ended up infecting the CIA’s egregore with fascist ideology, which then led to MKULTRA and all kinds of other fucked-up schemes? Or am I not remembering that right?”“You’re remembering correctly, but that has no bearing on Jung’s integrity,” Lloyd tells me.“Maybe not, but from everything you’ve told us so far, Allen Dulles sounds like a first-class prick.”“He’s complicated, to be sure. A solid case could be made that he was a crypto-fascist traitor to his country,” Lloyd says, leaning back on the couch as he pauses to think. “But let’s not forget the tremendous strength of the historical currents he was attempting to navigate. Take Operation Paperclip…. At the end of the war, Dulles shared a house in Wiesbaden with his protégés, Frank Wisner and Richard Helms. All three of them worried that if the U.S. didn’t take in all the high-level Nazi spies and scientists that they could find, the Soviets would put those same men to work and thereby leap ahead of us in every way that counted. So Dulles smuggled the East German spymaster, Reinhard Gehlen, to the U.S. in an American general’s uniform. Helms directed the search for crack kraut scientists like Werner von Braun and Hubertus Strughold to send west. And once Wisner became head of the Office of Policy Coordination in 1948, he started importing Byelorussian Nazis so they could be trained as American paratroopers who would then be dropped behind Soviet lines to spy and fight for us as the Cold War heated up. All of this was accomplished in direct violation of President Truman’s edict that no members of the Nazi Party or their collaborators should be brought into the country. On the one hand, what they did was treasonous—but on the other, it was just a morally dubious collective undertaking by some hawkish government officials who believed they had America’s best interests at heart.”“Sure. Let’s turn a bunch of anti-Semitic mass murderers loose in America and see how that works out,” James says. “I’m sure that went over just swell in the Catskills.”“I’m not saying it was thedecision,” says Lloyd, “but itwhat happened. And we should always keep in mind that Dulles was familiar with Jungian concepts. To give him the benefit of the doubt, perhaps he saw the importation of the Byelorussian SS and the Paperclip Nazis as a way of ‘integrating the shadow’—reincorporating the despised and repressed collective values of humanity back into the consciousness of Main Street, U.S.A.—so that America could begin to acknowledge its own vile, imperialistic tendencies.”“I think you’re cutting the guy way too much slack,” James says. “He was just a tool for rich fucks like the Rockefellers, plain and simple.”“And America is still as imperialistic as ever,” I point out.“You’ll get no argument from me there,” Lloyd says. “In a large part, we have the Dulles brothers to thank for America’s postwar excesses. The two of them effectively ramped up the Cold War once Eisenhower was elected president. Ike appointed Foster Dulles as his Secretary of State and Allen Dulles as Director of Central Intelligence. It was a tag team that brought us such classic moments in Yankee imperialism as the overthrow of the democratically elected prime minister of Iran, Mohammad Mosaddegh, in 1953; and the coup d’état that deposed the freely elected leader of Guatemala, Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán, in 1954. Puppet dictatorships friendly to U.S. corporate interests were subsequently installed in both countries so we could continue to get our petroleum and bananas on the cheap.”“Am I the only one who fantasizes about the Chiquita Banana Lady all covered in Vaseline petroleum jelly, or do you guys do it, too?”“That would just be you, James,” I say, “you imperialist, Third-World-raping dog.” ....