People fall behind on their bills for many reasons — a recession that costs them jobs, a divorce, an illness. Now comes a further obstacle to getting their lives in order: employers who screen job applicants based on credit histories.

A bill before the New York City Council would prohibit employers from using credit histories in hiring except in the very few cases where credit checks are required by law. It would be the strongest such law in the country.

About 60 percent of employers use credit checks to screen applicants, even though research has shown that people with damaged credit are not automatically poor job risks. Besides, the credit agencies that compile and sell records on about 200 million Americans make mistakes.

A report issued earlier this year by the Federal Trade Commission found that one in five consumers who participated in the study had errors in credit reports. In more than 5 percent of the cases, the mistakes were serious enough to lower the person’s credit score, making it likely that more would be charged for car loans or mortgages. If used by potential employers, these erroneous reports could shut people out of the job market.