Zeus67 3rd Party Developer



Join Date: Jun 2012 Location: Ecuador Posts: 3,111

Using the INS for precission bombing

The use of the INS simplifies targeting calculations, specially the target altitude (ground altitude).

INS should not be used for bombing moving objects.



REQUIREMENTS:

1. A Flight plant that includes the target area.

2. A waypoint (BUT) that is to be used as the bombing run inital point (IP).

3. An offset (BAD) to the IP that is where the target is located.



Note: As you can see the target is NOT on the waypoint but offset to it.



The target offset can be set as follows:

a. In x/y coordinates by using ΔL/ΔG: ΔL = Distance difference between the IP Latitude and the BAD Latitude expressed in kilometers to the North or South. (True North is used)

ΔG = Distance difference between the IP Longitude and the BAD Longitude expressed in kilometers to the East or West. (True North is used)

b. In polar ρ/θ (Rho/Theta) coordinates: ρ (Rho) = distance to the BAD position from the IP expressed in Nautical Miles.

θ (Theta) = True North Bearing from the IP towards the BAD.

c. ΔAlt is required. ΔAlt = Altitude difference between the IP altitude and the BAD altitude:

+ will add the value to the IP altitude.

- will subtract the value from the IP altitude.



NOTE: IP altitude MUST be ground altitude. I.E: The altitude of the ground surface above the sea level at the waypoint position.



Procedures:



CHECK THE FOLLOWING:

1. Radar is ON and Emitting.

2. Radar Altimeter is ON.



BEFORE REACHING THE WAYPOINT/IP

1. Select the weapon that you want to use: BL1/BF1/BF4/BF8/EL1. (See Bomb Codes note)

2. Set Master Arm On. System switches to Ground Attack mode.

3. Check that both TAS and RS are selected.

4. Click on PI (Point Initial) button in the PCA. This will designate current waypoint as the IP.

5. The following cues will appear on the HUD: - A diamond at the bottom of the HUD for IP position update purposes (Radar needs to be in TAS for this option. The diamond represents the radar LOS while in TAS mode)

- Normal NAV cues: "House" track error cue and "Cross" position cue when distance is below 10 NM.

- HSI will display bearing and distance to IP.

6. Update IP position by using the diamond to determine distance to IP (See TAS Position Update Note). HUD will display radar range to IP. You can keep updating IP position as many times as you wish to increase accuracy.

7. IF BL1/EL1 were selected, wings will appear on the FPM --O-- after the 1st IP position update. The wings will provide steering cues towards the BAD.

8. BAD, REC and VAL lights turn on in the PCN when IP is selected. DO NOT CLICK ON VAL UNTIL AFTER WEAPONS RELEASE OTHERWISE TARGETING CALCULATIONS WILL BE OFF.

9. Fly towards the IP by following NAV cues.



OVERFLYING THE WAYPOINT/IP

1. HUD radar diamond disappears.

2. Radar range is replaced by range to target (BAD).

2. NAV cues shift towards BAD position.

4. HSI will display bearing and distance to BAD.



WEAPONS RELEASE:

1. BL1/EL1 - CCRP: 1.1. Release cues appear in the HUD when in range for pull up.

1.2. Pull UP with full aft stick for max range release. The later/ the slower the pull up is, the closer will the release happen and the lower will be the release angle.

1.3. Press the trigger for weapons release consent.

1.4. Keep the wings level with your FPM during the climb --o--

1.5. The bombs will be automatically released when the release cue cross the target cue (FPM).

1.6. Release the trigger.

2. BF1/BF4/BF8 - CCIP 2.1. Align the CCIP with the target "Cross".

2.2. Press the trigger when the CCIP cue is over the "Cross"

AFTER WEAPONS RELEASE

1. HUD returns to IP designation mode. - HUD NAV cues point towards the IP.

- HSI will display bearing and distance to IP.

2. Click on VAL por INS position update if desired.

3. Set Master Arm Off to return to NAV mode.

4. PCN BAD, REC and VAL lights turn off.



NOTES:

Bomb Codes:

BL1 = Mk-82

BF1 = Mk-82S Snakeye

BF4 = BLG-66 Belouga (Mk-20 Rockeye stand-in)

BF8 = BAP-100

EL1 = GBU-12, GBU-16, GBU-24



TAS Position Update:

To update the IP position you must:

1. Place the diamond over the IP true position. The Cross can be offset to it.

2. Click on the Radar Position Update HOTAS Key. The INS will update the IP position. Cross will center on the IP.

3. PCN Display will show: 3.1: If parameter knob is in ΔL/ΔG, the distance (Km) to the IP in x/y format.

3.2: If parameter knob is not in ΔL/ΔG, the distance in NM and the bearing to the IP.

4. DO NOT CLICK ON VAL. The system automatically uses this distance for target calculation.



Example: The IP is located on top of a water tower. The HUD Cross is located away from the tower. Place the tower on the diamond and click on radar position update. The cross will be now centered on the water tower.



ATTENTION: If for any reason the radar is not available, the INS will extrapolate range to IP based on radar altimeter values with subsequent loss of precision.

The INS can be used for precision bombing of fixed targets on the ground.The use of the INS simplifies targeting calculations, specially the target altitude (ground altitude).1. A Flight plant that includes the target area.2. A waypoint (BUT) that is to be used as the bombing run inital point (IP).3. An offset (BAD) to the IP that is where the target is located.The target offset can be set as follows:a. In x/y coordinates by using ΔL/ΔG:b. In polar ρ/θ (Rho/Theta) coordinates:c. ΔAlt is required.Procedures:1. Radar is ON and Emitting.2. Radar Altimeter is ON.1. Select the weapon that you want to use: BL1/BF1/BF4/BF8/EL1. (See Bomb Codes note)2. Set Master Arm On. System switches to Ground Attack mode.3. Check that bothandare selected.4. Click on) button in the PCA. This will designate current waypoint as the IP.5. The following cues will appear on the HUD:6. Update IP position by using the diamond to determine distance to IP (See TAS Position Update Note). HUD will display radar range to IP. You can keep updating IP position as many times as you wish to increase accuracy.7. IF BL1/EL1 were selected, wings will appear on the FPM --O-- after the 1st IP position update. The wings will provide steering cues towards the BAD.8. BAD, REC and VAL lights turn on in the PCN when IP is selected.9. Fly towards the IP by following NAV cues.1. HUD radar diamond disappears.2. Radar range is replaced by range to target (BAD).2. NAV cues shift towards BAD position.4. HSI will display bearing and distance to BAD.1. BL1/EL1 - CCRP:2. BF1/BF4/BF8 - CCIP1. HUD returns to IP designation mode.2. Click on VAL por INS position update if desired.3. Set Master Arm Off to return to NAV mode.4. PCN BAD, REC and VAL lights turn off.NOTES:BL1 = Mk-82BF1 = Mk-82S SnakeyeBF4 = BLG-66 Belouga (Mk-20 Rockeye stand-in)BF8 = BAP-100EL1 = GBU-12, GBU-16, GBU-24To update the IP position you must:1. Place the diamond over the IP true position. The Cross can be offset to it.2. Click on the Radar Position Update HOTAS Key. The INS will update the IP position. Cross will center on the IP.3. PCN Display will show:4.. The system automatically uses this distance for target calculation.The IP is located on top of a water tower. The HUD Cross is located away from the tower. Place the tower on the diamond and click on radar position update. The cross will be now centered on the water tower. __________________

"Programming today is a race between software engineers striving to build bigger and better idiot-proof programs, and the Universe trying to produce bigger and better idiots. So far, the Universe is winning."



"The three most dangerous things in the world are a programmer with a soldering iron, a hardware type with a program patch and a user with an idea." Last edited by Zeus67; 07-14-2016 at 04:59 PM .