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The Human Rights Council established the Commission on Human Rights in South Sudan for a one-year term on 23 March 2016 by resolution 31/20 and subsequently extended its mandate for an additional year in 2017 (through resolution 34/25), in 2018 (through resolution 37/31) and 2019 (through resolution 40/19), with its current term due to expire in March 2020.

The Commission presented its first report to the Human Rights Council in March 2017, which was followed by an interactive discussion with States. At that point the Commission was comprised of Yasmin Sooka (South Africa), Godfrey Musila (Kenya) and Ken Scott (USA).

Currently the members of the Commission are Yasmin Sooka (Chairperson, South Africa), Andrew Clapham (UK and Switzerland) and Barney Afako (Uganda).

The Commission's mandate is to determine and report the facts and circumstances of, collect and preserve evidence of, and clarify responsibility for alleged gross violations and abuses of human rights and related crimes, including sexual and gender-based violence and ethnic violence, with a view to ending impunity and providing accountability.