They accept the almost socialist-sounding “pro-worker” label. They believe the Republican Party has been far too complicit in the expansion of the federal bureaucracy, what they scorn as the “administrative state.” And they tend to de-emphasize social issues as a priority.

“When they started saying Trump wasn’t a conservative was when I started paying attention,” said Julie Ponzi, who helps edit American Greatness from her house in Glendora, a small community about 20 miles east of Los Angeles at the foot of the San Gabriel Mountains.

“What’s the problem?” she insisted, referring to Mr. Trump’s many critics on the right. “He’s not a neoconservative? Good. He’s not working for the Chamber of Commerce and wanting to import a bunch of cheap labor? Good. He’s interested in America’s interests abroad, first and foremost? Good.”

Until now, this brand of conservatism thrived mostly at the periphery of the movement. Its scholars hail from conservative bastions like Hillsdale College in Michigan and the Claremont Institute, which is just a few miles from Glendora and publishes the Trump-friendly Claremont Review of Books. Another new journal, a high-minded quarterly called American Affairs, recently debuted in Manhattan.

The brand’s admirers include the likes of Stephen K. Bannon, the president’s chief strategist; Stephen Miller, a senior White House aide involved in immigration policy; and Peter A. Thiel, a Silicon Valley entrepreneur who has embraced Mr. Trump as someone who could pull the Republican Party away from what he called “the dogmas of Reaganism.”

It sees American sovereignty as the overriding principle that should guide everything from military to economic to immigration policy. Engagement overseas is noble only if its goal is to protect American citizens and their prosperity. Trade deals have been too open ended and harmful to the middle class. And the virtues of citizenship only further erode as our borders become more porous.

Much of this happens to be at odds with the agenda that Republican leaders in Congress have spent years promoting. And it is in some ways at odds with Mr. Trump himself, who is pursuing efforts to significantly cut taxes and increase military spending and has launched military strikes in Syria and Afghanistan.