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Nutrients interact in a coordinated manner in the body; it has been reported that 1,25(OH)D can stimulate intestinal magnesium absorption.The effects of vitamin D supplementation on circulating levels of magnesium were investigated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.In 126 adult patients with controlled diabetes (55 men and 71 women; mean [SD] age, 53.6 [10.7] years), a significant increase in serum levels of magnesium was found after they consumed vitamin D3 supplements (2000 IU/d) for 6 months.Conversely, magnesium acts as a cofactor for the vitamin D–binding protein. Moreover, as mentioned, the metabolism of vitamin D by hepatic 25-hydroxylation and renal 1α-hydroxylation into the active form of 1,25(OH)D is a magnesium-dependent process. Magnesium deficiency results in reduced levels of 1,25(OH)D and impaired parathyroid hormone (PTH) response, and it has been implicated in magnesium-dependent vitamin D–resistant rickets.Magnesium supplementation was shown to markedly reduce the resistance to vitamin D treatment.Magnesium is the second most abundant intracellular cation and plays a key role in bone mineralization by influencing the synthesis of the active vitamin D metabolites.Studies have shown that hypovitaminosis D–associated risk of mortality could be modified by the consumption of magnesium.The effectiveness and clinical benefits of vitamin D are significantly reduced when magnesium homeostasis in the body is not maintained. Vitamin D also plays a key role in the intestinal absorption of phosphate and magnesium to influence eventual skeletal mineralization process.Earlier studies have shown that the activities of 3 major vitamin D–converting enzymes and vitamin D–binding proteins are magnesium dependent; those 3 enzymes are 25-hydroxylase in the liver and 1α-hydroxylase and 24-hydroxylase in the kidneys.Magnesium supplementation markedly reversed the resistance to vitamin D treatment in patients with rickets.According to the NHANES data, a high consumption of magnesium reduced the risks of vitamin D deﬁciency or insufﬁciency in the general population.Also, magnesium plays a significant role in the immunoregulation of the body. It is critical to immunocompetence and in natural and adaptive immunity, partly by influencing the activity of vitamin D metabolites.