Special Counsel Robert Mueller has subpoenaed the Trump Organization for documents related to his investigation into whether Donald Trump’s associates colluded with Russia’s efforts to interfere in the 2016 presidential election, according to a person familiar with the matter.

The Trump Organization has been voluntarily producing documents to the special counsel for months, according to people familiar with the matter. “Since July 2017, we have advised the public that the Trump Organization is fully cooperative with all investigations,...