The Soviet Union has created a Moscow Stock Exchange, the first in the country since the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution. The official Tass press agency said today that the exchange was founded on Monday by 187 Soviet enterprises and banks. It did not say when trading would begin.

President Mikhail S. Gorbachev issued an order on Oct. 26 permitting Soviet citizens to buy stocks, bonds and other securities as part of his plan to switch from central planning to a market economy.

Tass said the Moscow Stock Exchange would be represented overseas by an international brokerage company that had asked not to be identified. The exchange plans to open offices in the world's leading stock exchanges in New York, Frankfurt, Tokyo and Singapore, the press agency said.

Trading in shares was outlawed after the revolution. A flourishing stock market in St. Petersburg, now Leningrad, was closed along with more than 100 commodity exchanges elsewhere in Russia.