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Source: MBA-Healthcare-Management.com

The Dementia Epidemic

Dementia is a disorder of the mental processes caused by brain disease or injury and marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and impaired reasoning.

1906: Year that dementia first “discovered” (named) by Alois Alzheimer

44 million: number of people, worldwide, with dementia today

76 million: number of people with dementia in 2030

135 million: number of people expected to have dementia by 2050

7.7 million: number of new cases of dementia each year

1. There is a new case of dementia somewhere in the world every 4 seconds.

Where are they?

62: percentage of dementia suffers in 2013, living in poor countries

But that number will rise to:

70 percent by 2050 (living in poor countries)

Most countries are not prepared for this global epidemic:

From 2013 to 2050 (number of people projected to have dementia)

Asia: 22 to 72 million (226 percent increase)

Europe: 11 to 21 million (90 percent inc.)

The Americas: 9 to 31 million (248 percent inc)

Africa: 3 to 12 (345 percent inc)

The Cost of Dementia

$600 billion: global cost of dementia care.

That’s 1 percent of global domestic product (GDP)

13: number of countries with national dementia plan (out of 130 countries in the World Health Organization). They are:

• Australia

• Belgium

• Denmark

• Finland

• France

• Luxembourg

• Netherlands

• Chinese Taipei

• Norway

• U.K.

• Republic of Korea

• Switzerland

• U.S.A.

If dementia care were a country, it would be the world’s 18th largest economy, ranking between Turkey and Indonesia.

If dementia care were a company, it would be the world’s largest by annual revenue, greater than:

• Wal-Mart ($414 billion)

• Exxon Mobil ($311 billion)

Recognizing dementia

Symptoms: 2 of these core mental functions must be significantly impaired to be considered dementia:

• Memory

• Communication and language

• Ability to focus and pay attention

• Reasoning and judgment

• Visual perception

60-80 percent: of dementia cases suffer from Alzheimer’s Disease

24 million: number of people worldwide, with Alzheimer’s Disease (the most common form of dementia)

• 5.3 million: number of Americans with AD

• 6th leading cause of death in U.S. is AD

• AD is 5th leading cause of death in Americans age 65 and older.

Vascular dementia: 2nd most common form (after AD)

Other, less common forms of dementia:

• Frontotemporal dementia: aka Pick’s disease or frontal lobe dementia.

• progressive supranuclear palsy and

• Binswanger’s disease.

• Korsakoff’s syndrome: associated with heavy drinking

• HIV-related cognitive impairment

Treatments:

Doctors use medicines to treat dementia in the following ways:

• To correct a condition that’s causing dementia, such as thyroid replacement for hypothyroidism, vitamins for lack of B12, or antibiotics for infections

• To maintain mental functioning for as long as possible when dementia cannot be reversed

• To prevent further strokes in people who have vascular dementia

• To manage mood or behavior problems, such as depression, insomnia, hallucinations, , and agitation

Medicines to help maintain mental function:

• Cholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil (Aricept), galantamine (Reminyl), and rivastigmine (Exelon).

• These drugs were developed to treat Alzheimer’s disease, but they may be tried in other dementias, especially vascular dementia.2

• It is not clear how long these medicines will work.

• Memantine (Namenda). Used to treat symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease

Medicines to help control mood or behavior problems:

• Antipsychotic drugs, such as risperidone (Risperdal) or olanzapine (Zyprexa).

• Antidepressants, especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

Medicines to prevent future strokes:

• medicines for high blood pressure and high cholesterol, since these conditions are risk factors for vascular dementia.

Support groups:

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The Alzheimer’s Association 24/7 Helpline: 800.272.3900

Early Stage Support Group. Contact Kate Nederostek, program director (801-265-1944 or knederostek@alz.org) to learn more.

Sources:

http://ca.news.yahoo.com/dementia-epidemic-looms-135-million-sufferers-seen-2050-000429599–business.html

http://healthtools.aarp.org/health/alzheimers-disease-overview

http://www.alz.org/what-is-dementia.asp

http://www.caring.com/questions/dementia-discovery

http://www.alz.co.uk/research/statistics

http://visual.ly/dementia-global-epidemic

http://www.webmd.com/alzheimers/tc/dementia-medications

https://www.alz.org/utah/in_my_community_support.asp#csg