Now, with Britain voting Thursday to leave the European Union, many Americans will wonder what Brexit will mean to them. Here’s a look at the three perhaps unexpected ways what happens in Britain could affect your budget.

Your mortgage

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Mortgage rates have plunged to the lowest level in three years in recent weeks as the Federal Reserve has begun to fear that Brexit might become a reality. The latest data from housing giant Freddie Mac shows the average interest rate on a 30-year conventional loan at 3.54 percent, compared with more than 4 percent a year ago. The Mortgage Bankers Association reported loan applications have increased 17 percent from the first quarter, while refinancing is up 10 percent.

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This is not what most economists expected to happen this year. That’s because mortgage rates are closely tied to the yield on 10-year U.S. government bonds. Those, in turn, have historically been influenced by the Fed’s benchmark overnight lending rate.

In December, the Fed raised its interest rate for the first time since the recession and signaled it planned to make four more hikes this year. The anticipation of higher rates from the Fed pushed up 10-year Treasury yields, and mortgage rates followed.

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But the Fed has not hiked rates again. It was forced to reevaluate its plans to amid weakness in the global economy. Just last week, Fed officials voted to remain on hold, and they cited the risks surrounding Brexit as an important factor. Consequently, yields on 10-year Treasury notes fell to levels not seen since 2012.

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“A U.K. vote to exit the European Union could have significant economic repercussions,” Fed Chair Janet L. Yellen said Tuesday.

At the same time, Brexit has spawned the recent bout of volatility in global financial markets. That has anxious investors scurrying for safety -- and few assets are safer than U.S. Treasuries. High demand for government debt pulls down interest rates.

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That all translates into ultra-low mortgage rates for American households. And with Britain voting for Brexit, they could go even lower.

Your retirement

Many Americans are invested in the stock market through their retirement plans: About half of America’s full-time workers participate in their company’s 401(k), according to the Pew Charitable Trusts. Those investments leave them exposed to financial market turmoil surrounding Brexit.

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Already, even small shifts in polling ahead of the vote have caused much larger swings in financial conditions. In the past month, London’s major stock market index dropped nearly 6 percent before erasing those losses over the past few days.

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Other international indexes have experienced similar moves, on a smaller scale. On Wall Street, the direct exposure to Britain is not huge. Companies listed on the S&P 500 derive 2.9 percent of their sales from Britain and 11.5 percent from all of Europe, according to FactSet. But analysts say the worst-case scenario is that Britain’s decision to leave creates political and economic upheaval that sends investors running for the exits, catalyzing a sell-off in global markets that tests the stability of the international financial system.

Retirement plans are long-haul investments, so most financial advisers don’t recommend making significant changes to your portfolio when faced with turbulence. Still, you may not want to look at your quarterly statement until after the dust settles.

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Your summer vacation

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The summer months are a lovely time to visit sunny old England. You can fly kites at the Portsmouth International Kite Festival, catch the Who at the Isle of Wight Festival or celebrate the Magna Carta at Hedingham Castle. Nearly 10 percent of tourists in Britain last year came from the United States, according to government statistics, and Americans spent more than any other nationality -- an average of 3,010 pounds ($4,418).

The good news for Americans is that the exchange rate got better as Brexit drew closer. (It's not such good news for the British, but that's a separate story.) The pound is now worth $1.48, down roughly 8 percent from a year ago. Over the past week, it has spiked as investors bet that voters will decide to remain, but Goldman Sachs recently predicted it could drop 10 percent or more if Britain leaves the E.U.

The bottom line is that Brexit is not as abstract as you might think.