Republican advocacy groups have outpaced liberal efforts on judicial confirmations.

A recently-formed liberal group, Demand Justice, seeks to change that trend by opposing Judge Brett Kavanaugh’s nomination to the U.S. Supreme Court.

But Demand Justice’s organizational structure makes it difficult to determine the groups funding sources.

A left-leaning advocacy group, which plans to spend millions opposing Judge Brett Kavanaugh’s nomination to the U.S. Supreme Court, has obscured its funding sources through an opaque organizational structure.

Conservatives have dramatically outpaced liberal efforts on judicial confirmations in recent years, dominating the fundraising and communications space around Supreme Court nominations.

But a handful of Democratic operatives have formed a new progressive political outfit that hopes to close the right’s competitive advantage. Former Hillary Clinton spokesman Brian Fallon leads the operation, called Demand Justice, with support from alumni of the Clinton presidential campaign and former President Barack Obama’s administration.

Demand Justice already emulates its conservative counterparts in at least one significant respect: The group’s organizational structure fully obscures the sources of its financial support, a Daily Caller News Foundation review has found.

Demand Justice Is A Layered Financial Network, Not An Independent Group

Demand Justice is not an independent organization. Rather, it is fiscally sponsored by a nonprofit called the Sixteen Thirty Fund.

Identifying fiscal sponsorship is sometimes difficult, as the status is established for different reasons and takes different forms. There is no category in the tax code for fiscal sponsorship, nor do sponsored projects need to be reported to the IRS.

There are two general categories of fiscal sponsorship, according to GuideStar Director of Data Services Holly Ivel. In the first instance, a nonprofit can provide administrative and financial assistance to a new project until it can operate independently.

In the alternative, a nonprofit can provide a legal and logistical home for a project that will never be viable on its own.

It is not clear which category Demand Justice fits into, as the Sixteen Thirty Fund only recently registered the Demand Justice trade name with the D.C. Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs. Indeed, it’s not clear that any organization Sixteen Thirty serves has ever spun off on its own.

Most Sixteen Thirty trade names registered with the regulatory agency were established in early 2018, suggesting that they are still some distance from full autonomy.

The Sixteen Thirty Fund is bankrolled by a handful of supporters, one of which is George Soros’ Open Society Policy Center, TheDCNF previously reported. Between 2014 and 2016, less than five contributors accounted for 57 to 70 percent of its donations.

The Sixteen Thirty Fund is administered by a consultancy called Arabella Advisors, which provides “strategic guidance for effective philanthropy,” according to its website.

Sixteen Thirty’s most recent publicly available tax forms indicate it outsources a significant portion of its management services and operational support to Arabella. In 2016, the consultancy claimed almost $800,000 in fees for work on behalf of Sixteen Thirty.

Both groups also have the same principal officer. Eric Kessler, a former White House aide to President Bill Clinton, serves as senior managing director of Arabella and as president of Sixteen Thirty. Both groups have the same Washington, D.C. address. (RELATED: Supreme Court Poised For Rightward Shift Under Kavanaugh)

The approach appears typical of the firm’s approach to such initiatives. Kessler told Worth magazine in 2017 that Arabella often assumes core management functions for its client charities.

“First and foremost, we support family philanthropists, family foundations, by providing staffing,” Kessler said. “What that means is, there’s a whole bunch of foundations with assets between about $30 million and $300 million whose address is my office. We are their executive director, their program officer, their grant manager.”

Arabella Advisors was among a dozen left-leaning organizations Russian hackers targeted in March 2017. The firm received ransom demands after cyber criminals mined the emails of its 150 employees for embarrassing secrets.

“Arabella Advisors was affected by cyber crime,” Arabella spokesman Steve Sampson told Bloomberg News. “All facts indicate this was financially motivated.”

Identifying Demand Justice’s Donors Is Practically Impossible

The layered structure of this framework — with Arabella running Sixteen Thirty, which runs Demand Justice — makes it difficult to identify individual donors supporting the new outfit.

As a 501(c)(4), Sixteen Thirty may redact the names and address of contributors when it releases its tax forms to the public. Consequently, discovering the source of donations can be difficult.

Though Sixteen Thirty must provide a general overview of its grant-giving on tax forms, spending for the current financial year will not be available until after 2020. Even when that information is made public, Sixteen Thirty would not be required to disclose how much it appropriates for every project is sponsors.

Open Secrets researchers noted that this framework “makes it virtually impossible to determine who funds the group and how that money is being spent.”

Brendan Fischer, director of the Campaign Legal Center’s federal reform program, agreed with that analysis.

“It is not entirely uncommon for a 501(c)(4) to act as a fiscal sponsor for another organization, but it is unusual that a group planning to spend millions influencing politics would be structured in this way,” he told TheDCNF. “As the Center for Responsive Politics documented, this arrangement allows Demand Justice to dodge even the minimal reporting obligations required for a 501(c)(4).”

Federal Communications Commission records provide some sense of Demand Justice’s spending.

For example, the group spent at least $21,000 on television advertising in the Washington, D.C. market on July 15. Demand Justice also financed a four day-spot on Indiana stations supporting Democratic Sen. Joe Donnelly, who is under intense pressure to support Kavanaugh’s confirmation.

Donnelly is one of several Democratic senators standing for reelection this November in states President Donald Trump carried comfortably in 2016.

Demand Justice plans to spend $5 million opposing Kavanaugh’s confirmation.

Andrew Kerr contributed to this report.

Follow Kevin on Twitter

Send tips to kevin@dailycallernewsfoundation.org.

Content created by The Daily Caller News Foundation is available without charge to any eligible news publisher that can provide a large audience. For licensing opportunities of our original content, please contact licensing@dailycallernewsfoundation.org.