The House passed the bill with a vote of 224 to 194, mostly along party lines.

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The bill is unlikely to be taken up by the GOP-controlled Senate, as Republicans and business groups have argued forcefully against it, saying it would hurt employers, violate privacy rights and be a major boon for national unions.

Whatever the bill’s fate, it highlights the growing push to reexamine the country’s decades-old labor laws.

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The National Labor Relations Board, which is charged with upholding workers’ rights to unionize or work together to improve their workplaces, has no ability to levy fines when it finds companies have broken the law, like firing a worker for starting a union campaign, for example.

This bill would give the NLRB, which enforces federal labor law, the power to fine companies up to $50,000 per violation. It would also award workers’ compensation for the damages they experience when they are retaliated against, not just back pay and reinstatement, as they are currently entitled to.

The bill would also allow more people currently classified as contractors to be given the status of employees for the purposes of union organizing, potentially paving the way for gig workers at companies like Lyft, Uber and DoorDash to organize with unions or among themselves.

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The bill would also weaken right-to-work laws, passed in predominantly red states, which allow employees to be exempt from paying fees to unions that represent them.

A business and industry organization formed to oppose the bill, the Coalition for a Democratic Workplace, has sharply criticized a provision in the bill that requires employers to provide a list of their employees’ information, including jobs, shift information, cellphone numbers and addresses, to union leadership as an NLRB-sanctioned election nears.

The staff of Sen. Lamar Alexander (R-Tenn.), chairman of the Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions, has said that the committee will not consider the legislation this session.