Mark Zuckerberg has called for governments and regulators to play a more active role in establishing rules to control the internet.

The Facebook founder called for stricter regulation of harmful content, election integrity, privacy and data portability in an op-ed published on Saturday in the Washington Post.

“Every day we make decisions about what speech is harmful, what constitutes political advertising, and how to prevent sophisticated cyberattacks,” Mr Zuckerberg wrote.

“These are important for keeping our community safe. But if we were starting from scratch, we wouldn’t ask companies to make these judgments alone.

“Lawmakers often tell me we have too much power over speech, and frankly I agree.”

Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Show all 15 1 /15 Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Facebook is born On 4 Feb, 2004, 19-year-old Harvard student Mark Zuckerberg launched a website called 'TheFacebook' from his dorm. Within 24 hours the college social network had more than 1,000 users Wikimedia Commons Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Winklevoss twins sue Zuckerberg Within one week of launching, fellow Harvard students Cameron Winklevoss, Tyler Winklevoss and Divya Narendra accused Zuckerberg of stealing their idea. It would be four years later when the resulting lawsuit was finally settled Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Open for business The social network finally opened it platform to everyone on 26 September, 2006. The move proved the catalyst in supercharging the site's already explosive growth PA Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Billion-dollar bid Yahoo offered $1 billion to buy Facebook in September 2006 but Zuckerberg turned it down. 'I don’t know what I could do with the money,' Zuckerberg reportedly said. 'I’d just start another social networking site' Reuters Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network In the money In September 2009, almost five years since the site launched, Facebook turned a profit for the first time Getty Images/iStockphoto Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Taking the lead Facebook overtook MySpace in 2010 to become the world’s most popular social network Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Taking on the tech giants In 2011, Google launched its own social network that it hoped would knock Facebook from its perch. Despite its initial success, Google+ ultimately failed and will be shut down completely in 2019 Getty Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Facebook goes public On 18 May, 2012, Facebook went public. The initial public offering raised $16 billion – the third largest in US history Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Gobbling up the competition Facebook acquired Instagram in April 2012 for $1 billion, consolidating its position as the world's leading social network Reuters Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network One billion users On 4 October, 2012, Zuckerberg announced that Facebook had hit 1 billion users. 'If you’re reading this: thank you for giving me and my little team the honour of serving you,' he wrote in a blog post Getty Images Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Expanding its empire In February 2014 Facebook acquired the messaging app WhatsApp for $19.3 billion REUTERS/Dado Ruvic Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Two billion users In June 2017, Facebook passed the 2 billion user milestone REUTERS/Dado Ruvic Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Privacy scandal On 17 March 2018, news broke that UK firm Cambridge Analytica had harvested data from around 87 million Facebook users for the purpose of political profiling in the build up to the 2016 US presidential elections Shutterstock Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Record profits Despite the scandals and subsequent #DeleteFacebook campaign, Facebook posted record profits just before its 15th anniversary, the equivalent of $7.37 from each of its 2.32 billions users iStock/Independent Facebook birthday: 15 defining moments for the social network Unhappy users A study found that people are happier when they don’t use Facebook, adding to mounting evidence surrounding the impact social media has on mental health Rex Features

The op-ed is the most comprehensive response from the Facebook founder on the issue of government regulation to date.

It comes two weeks after the Christchurch mosque gunman used the social network to livestream his attack, which killed 50 people. The video was subsequently copied 1.5m times.

Facebook also faces questions over its role in the Cambridge Analytica scandal around data misuse during election campaigns.

In his op-ed, Mr Zuckerberg called for new regulation in four areas: harmful content, election integrity, privacy and data portability.

Mr Zuckerberg said legislation was important for protecting elections and it should be updated. He said that Facebook had already made significant changes around political advertising.

With the European Union elections due to take place in May, Facebook has already said any advertisers in the EU will undergo tighter checks amid fears of foreign interference.

On Friday, the site also started to label political adverts appearing in EU countries to show who the advertiser is, how much they paid and who they have targeted.

However, in his op-ed, Mr Zuckerberg said that deciding whether an ad was political was not always straightforward.

“Our systems would be more effective if regulation created common standards for verifying political actors,” he wrote.

“Online political advertising laws primarily focus on candidates and elections, rather than divisive political issues where we’ve seen more attempted interference.

“Some laws only apply during elections, although information campaigns are nonstop. And there are also important questions about how political campaigns use data and targeting.

“We believe legislation should be updated to reflect the reality of the threats and set standards for the whole industry.”

On the subject of harmful content, Mr Zuckerberg said that Facebook was creating an independent body so people could appeal against its decisions over what was posted and what was taken down.

“It’s impossible to remove all harmful content from the internet, but when people use dozens of different sharing services — all with their own policies and processes — we need a more standardised approach,” he wrote.

Mr Zuckerberg said Facebook already published transparency reports on how effectively it was removing harmful content, and said he believed every major internet service should do this quarterly.

In the wake of the Christchurch shootings, Facebook has already promised to explore restrictions on live-streaming and has said it will ban white nationalism and separatism on the site from next week.

In terms of data protection and privacy, Mr Zuckerberg said a globally harmonised framework was required.

“I believe it would be good for the Internet if more countries adopted regulation such as GDPR as a common framework,” he wrote.

On data portability, Mr Zuckerberg wrote: “If you share data with one service, you should be able to move it to another. This gives people choice and enables developers to innovate and compete.”

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He said this would require clear rules about who was responsible for protecting information when it moved between services.

Mr Zuckerberg appealed to governments around the world to develop rules to regulate the internet. “I believe Facebook has a responsibility to help address these issues, and I’m looking forward to discussing them with lawmakers around the world,” he wrote.