SOURCES: Jennifer Miller, assistant professor of pediatrics, University of Florida; Jeffrey Schwimmer, pediatric gastroenterologist, University of California at San Diego; surgeon Kurt Newman, Children's National Medical Center; Lori Karol, pediatric orthopedic surgeon, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children; Robert H. Lustig, pediatric endocrinologist, University of California at San Francisco; Angela Sharkey, pediatric cardiologist, Washington University in St. Louis; New England Journal of Medicine; William Marder, senior vice president, Thomson Reuters; Stephen Cook, professor of pediatrics, University of Rochester; Paul Kaplowitz, chief of endocrinology, Children's National Medical Center; William H. Dietz, director of the Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity, federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; David S. Ludwig, obesity program director, Children's Hospital Boston; Matthew Gillman, associate professor of ambulatory care and prevention, Harvard Medical School; Steven Gortmaker, professor of health sociology, Harvard School of Public Health; Michael Goran, professor of preventive medicine, University of Southern California; Sonia Caprio, pediatric endocrinologist, Yale University School of Medicine; Francine Kaufman, director of the Comprehensive Childhood Diabetes Center, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles; David Gozal, professor of pediatrics, University of Louisville; John Morrison, associate professor of pediatrics, Heart Center at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Fredric Wondisford, chief of the division of metabolism, Johns Hopkins Children's Center; Institute of Medicine, National Institutes of Health; Journal of the American College of Surgeons.

REPORTING: Susan Levine, Brenna Maloney, Brigid Schulte And Rob Stein

GRAPHIC: Todd Lindeman - The Washington Post.