I am comparing the GDP per Capita of the United States with Japan, India, China, and Indonesia over the last 500 years. (GDP per Capita for each country is in 1990 international Geary-Khamis dollars, calculated from purchasing power parities (PPPs) of currencies and average prices of commodities.) Data estimates for the population from Angus Maddison Emeritus Professor, Faculty of Economics, University of Groningen.