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KARACHI, Pakistan — A car bomb exploded outside a mosque on Sunday, killing at least 37 people and wounding another 141 in a neighbourhood dominated by Shiite Muslims in the southern Pakistan city of Karachi.

No one has taken responsibility for the bombing, but Shiites Muslims have been increasingly targeted by Sunni militant groups in Karachi, Pakistan’s economic hub and site of years of police, sectarian and ethnic violence.

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The bomb exploded outside a Shiite mosque as people were leaving evening prayers. Initial reports suggested the bomb was rigged to a motorcycle, but a top police official, Shabbir Sheikh, said later that an estimated 100 kilograms of explosives was planted in a car.

Col. Pervez Ahmad, an official with a Pakistani paramilitary force called the Rangers, said a chemical used in the blast caught fire and spread the destruction beyond the blast site. Several buildings nearby were engulfed in flames.