The names of rooms and places in Wind Cave were given by the cave explorers who discovered these places. Often the names are descriptive, refer to people involved with Wind Cave, or tell a story about what was happening when that place was discovered. Click on a letter below for a list of room names and information about each room. Some of the room name links also have pictures or references other historic information. Photos are in a gallery linked to below, and all room names are organized alphabetically.

Historic Place Names The circumstances surrounding the settlement and development of the Black Hills region results in an unusual course of events. Although situated in the midst of a "civilized" country, it was among the last geographical frontiers on the American continent outside of Alaska. This was wild country in those years, but there was the spirit of growth characteristic of any frontier. This growth, however, expressed itself in a most unusual channel. Not only was the region attracting miners and other commercial interest, but it was also luring tourists, visitors who would partake of its beauty and adventure. Few frontiers have ever experienced this trend toward tourism coincident with their growth.



It was in this fertile environment that Wind Cave was "born". It could not have occurred at a more opportune time, for it was destined to become an integral part of the mainstream of this unique phase of growth.



Wind Cave became a cosmopolitan thing. There were few caves known at that time; even fewer developed for tours. But the few that were represented the ultimate in romance, mystery, beauty and adventure. Most famous was Mammoth Cave, Ky., and Wind Cave took pride in being able to offer substantial competition. No better is this expressed than in the names given to places and things in the cave. Everything was named, and little effort was spared toward variety and imagination. These names represent visitors from all walks of life (e.g., Old Fellows Hall, Tabernacle, Bishop Fowler's Retreat, Dante's Inferno, Milton's Study, Chopin's Nocturne) from the four corners of the Earth (e.g., Scenes of Wicklow, World's Fairground, New York Elevated Railroad, Union College) as well as the realism and humor the difficult places generated (e.g., Cliff Climber's Delight, Fat Woman's Misery, Ghost of She, Hard Scramble, Bridge of Sighs). This is a distinct contrast with the old names in Carlsbad Caverns, NM, which with few exceptions are local, based on American Indian mythology.



Through lack of use, the location and origin of many of these names have been forgotten. This period produced a variety of literature that reveals a number of reliable clues for identification of these places. Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, Luella Agnes Owen, 1898 and Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, Edward C. Horn, 1901 each contain sections on the cave written in guide book form. The present tour routes were used then, and it is possible to start at the entrance and follow each guide step by step through the cave.



Although somewhat more vague in terms of locations, The Private Account of A.F. McDonald, is probably the standard work on the subject, at least historically. At present it is the only information available on areas not covered by Horn and Owen. A number of old photographs have been uncovered, and thanks to the technology of stereo photography a number of positive identifications have been made.



No scholarly research has been expended in this project. The technique involved in simply following the guides through the cave. The descriptions are often adequately obvious to pinpoint the location. Often no such feature is evident (many changes were made during trail construction) and one must rely on the sequence indicated by the guide. If a place lies between two known places, or immediately after a known place, the location can be inferred. This latter was employed in many cases, and although possible unreliable in some instances, is based on the only information available. Until more information is discovered, this is where it must remain. Locations are in terms of survey stations or numbered light fixtures.



LINCOLN'S FIREPLACE

LOCATION: 1-28

SOURCE OF NAME: "We next enter a small chamber of the cabin type where we are shown Lincoln's Fireplace. The kindling is placed in position ready for a fire to warm the Rail-splitter when he comes in from the forest. The pine knot is placed to give proper light for his nocturnal study, pre-paring him for the presidency." (1) An intuitive assumption can be drawn on the general location, for if Passing the fireplace, we notice a Prairie Dog and Mound..." (2) A low, arched alcove is located on the west side of the trail, on the entrance side of the Prairie Dog Mound. At present, it is filled with rock, obviously the result of trail construction.

(1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 10.

(2) Ibid



PRAIRIE DOG AND MOUND

LOCATION: 1-31 (opposite side)

SOURCE OF NAME: "Passing the fireplace, we notice a Prairie Dog and Mound. The little chirper stands ready to dive from our view, but moves not an inch, for his petrified state long ago produced locomotor ataxia." (1) The mound is a group of two small mud-drip holes. The dog was a rock, which someone evidently had brought from another part of the cave, and in the pre-federal period, visitors were continually attempting to take it. A woman from Chicago succeeded in making off with it, but returned it when contacted by mail. (2) A visitor in 1963 affirmed that it was there in 1925, but the mound now lies completely abandoned. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, p. 10.

(2) Bohi, History of Wind Cave, p. 405.

PETRIFIED CLOUDS

LOCATION: 1-32

SOURCE OF NAME: "Our attention is next called to a freak of nature not seen except in Wind Cave. Burning a ribbon of magnesium the guide directs our attention to the phenomenon, and umbrellas are wished for as we behold the unexpected Petrified Clouds. It is needless to state that the unexpected may always be expected while touring in a region of perpetual surprise." (1) Irregular solution on ceiling is descriptive.

(1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 10.



SNOW BALL ROOM

LOCATION: 1-35 or 1-37

SOURCE OF NAME: "Looking overhead, we notice a myriad of Snow Balls, each adhering to the frescoed rock as if lately driven to their rest by the recently liberated school boy. This appearance produces a chilling sensation, but the normal temperature returns when the deceived visitor learns that the nearest snow is not less than two hundred miles away to the northward, and that what we see above us and around us are carbonate of lime formations only. They appear so much like well-formed snow balls, however, that the very elect are deceived." (1) Calcite and aragonite deposition is descriptive. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 10.



ROE'S MISERY

LOCATION: 2-12 to 2-14

SOURCE OF NAME: "Leaving this medley of letters and cards (Post Office) we pass into Roe's Misery. Here an early guide named Roe got stuck and had to be pulled out by means of a rope." (1) The narrow passageway south out of the Post Office shows evidence of much enlargement, and evidently was this notorious crawlway. It must have been a tight squeeze. Bob McAdam states, that as a boy, weighing 108 pounds, he had to lie on his side to get through (2) and from scattered comments in "The Private Account", the McDonalds spent a great deal of time enlarging it. Another amusing insight comes from what the guides were apparently telling visitors in 1921. "A little farther on is a large crevice into which, as the story goes, a man named Roe unfortunately fell. It proved necessary to let down a mule by means of a block and tackle, thus to extract him from his predicament. Hence the name "Roe's Misery" was applied to this particular place." (3)



RED HALL

LOCATION: 2-17

OTHER NAMES: Beauty Parlor

SOURCE OF NAME: "The next chamber is called Red Hall, the prevailing color being red. Here the visitor is shown Liberty Bell, which is cracked just like the original at Philadelphia. What formed it? is the usual question. No living man knows, but it is supposed to be the work of a geyser spurting up from the floor. Not far from Liberty Bell is a Wash Boiler, which especially interests the ladies who are so fortunate as to see it." (1)

Owen, quoting Elmer McDonald further identifies the place - "Red Hall is the room next in order, and has on either side a red bank of sandy micaceous clay" (2) (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 11.

(2) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898



HARD SCRAMBLE AVENUE

LOCATION: 2-21 to 3-5; White Room area at 2-21

SOURCE OF NAME: "From the White Room the visitor enters the Opera House via Hard Scramble Ave." (1) Normal sequence and evidence of extensive trail construction, filling and grading suggest the name. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 11.



DEVIL'S LOOKOUT

LOCATION: 3-8

SOURCE CF NAME: "The next point of interest is the Devil's Lookout standing 65 feet high. Here in silence are two pigs, one having an ear of corn in his mouth as if ready to run for a more congenial spot. A New York lady discovered the two pigs, and remarked, ‘Isn’t it perfectly wonderful that I should be the first one to discover the pigs?’ The guide replied, ‘It is easy for people who have been in the habit of seeing such animals to find their likeness here in the Cave.’ He was saved from her wrath by being the only one who knew the route." (1)



Up until 1890 this point marked the end of the cave. Passageways beyond apparently were too tight to permit passage until Alvin McDonald and Bob McAdam enlarged a hole* with a chisel. (2) *: 3-9 to 3-10 (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 12.

(2) Bohi, History of Wind Cave



SOUNDING ROCK

LOCATION: 3-9 (large rock formation to right of 3-9when facing light)

SOURCE OF NAME: From the Devil's Lookout "We next pass Sounding Rock or His Satanic Majesty's Call and enter Milton's Study…" (1) There is a flake attached to the upon which the location light is mounted, which rings very resonantly when struck with the fist. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 12.



SAMPSON'S PALACE

LOCATION: 3-16

SOURCE OF NAME: "The next room is named Sampson's Palace. It has a very high dome with a boxwork edges and stalagmitic floor. In this place is a formation known as the Queen of Sheba's Head Dress. The drapery was a premonition of modern Parisian styles." (1) Comments by Elmer McDonald follow much the same idea. "Sampson’s palace is the next room in order; here we see some stalagmitic water formation on the left wall and the ceiling is one of the most beautiful yet seen on the trip." (2) (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 12.

(2) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898



SWISS SCENERY

LOCATION: 3-19 & 3-18

SOURCE OF NAME: In consecutive order, "We pass along to Swiss Scenery (from Sampson's Palace) a very prettily decorated room fifty feet in length by fifteen feet in height. The box work is very pretty, shading from yellow to dark brown. The general appearance of the room would suggest its name, it being rougher than any other in the immediate vicinity." (1) This final statement suggested its possible location and an old stereo photograph confirmed it. (2) (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) Photo, Swiss Scenery, W.R. Cross, Stereo Photos In Wind Cave



QUEEN'S DRAWING ROOM

LOCATION: 4-1 to 4-2

SOURCE OF NAME: "Following our guide, we enter the Queen's Drawing Room, a chamber fearfully and wonderfully made. Here tapestries, draperies box-work greet one on all sides." (1) "Passing under an arch (from Swiss Scenery) we enter the Queen's Drawing Room. Here the boxwork has been developed beyond any on our pathway thus far. From the ceiling it hangs like draperies and on the left wall is about twenty four inches in depth. On the whole this room is elegant enough for the most exacting queen." (2) Consecutive order and the description locate the room. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 13.

(2) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898



NEW YORK ELEVATED R.R.

LOCATION: 4-2 to 4-5

SOURCE OF NAME: "Advancing a short distance (from the Queen's Drawing Room) we look above and behold the New York Elevated R.R. The cars are not running owing to a strike." (1) Consecutive order seems to locate this, but exactly what feature represents this is uncertain. A series of horizontal 'tubes' parallel the main passage at a level 10 feet above the floor, extending from the Queen’s Drawing Room to 4-5. This may have been it. Could be boxwork in ceiling which has appearance of tracks above 4-5. Tube is immediately in front and down the trail from 4-5. E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 13.



M.E. CHURCH

LOCATION: 4-4

SOURCE OF NAME: The guide proceeds from the Queen’s Drawing Room, and "We step from this room into the ME Church. Rev. Mr. Hancher, president of the Black Hills Methodist College, was I believe the first to hold song and prayer service in this room; the pulpit is on the left as you pass through. The guides always ask if any wish to sing or worship, as any one has a perfect right in a dedicated chapel." (1) Old photograph also confirms location. (2) (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901

(2) Cross, Stereo Views in Wind Cave, Methodist Church, (2 each)



GIANT'S CAUSEWAY

LOCATION: 4-9 to 4-11, Flat topped rocks also at 4-5

SOURCE OF NAME: From M.E. Church, "The Giant's Causeway is only a few steps beyond. This bit of scenery has some resemblance to the famed basalt attraction on the coast of Ireland". (1) Horn indicates the same location and describes it as the "most rugged chamber..." (2) Leaving the place, "We then make a graceful prolonged bow and file under the Arch of Politeness (likely the low duck-under just before 4-11) into Lena's Arbor (4-l2)." (3) (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 13.

(3) Ibid



CAPITOL HALL

LOCATION: 4-15 to 4-16

OTHER NAMES: Bishop Fowler's Retreat, Cathedral

SOURCE OF NAME: Proceeding from the Giant's Causeway, through Lena’s Arbor "We enter Capitol Hall at the side, about midway between the ends. It is the largest room yet visited being some two hundred feet from end to end, with a very high ceiling. Here we notice the wall and ceiling are bare of box and other formation and are clean and white. The decorative appearance exceeds any room yet visited. After getting into line again we go down a flight of stairs to Odd Fellows' Hall..." (1) This name is apparently the original, for it first appears in "The Private Account". In the company of Mr. Horn "We then make a graceful prolonged bow and file under the Arch of Politeness into Lena's Arbor, then on into Bishop Fowler's Retreat, where our attention is called to the beautiful grotto named Lover's Retreat. Here, a youthful couple, having lingered behind and being lost from the party were found by the guide with clasped hands and in the meshes of cupid. The midnight darkness of that subterranean world has no terrors for Cupid." "Advancing ... we enter Odd Fellow's Hall". (2) 4-21 to 4-22 Bishop Charles Henry Fowler was a prominent figure in the Methodist Church. He was Bishop in l884, and at one time, President of Northwestern University. In 1898 he founded Nebraska Wesleyan University, and likely was instrumental in the establishment of Black Hills College in Hot Springs. (3) The same Dr. Hancher who gave the name to the M.E. Church room was president of the college at this time. It was probably through his efforts that the memory of Bishop Fowler was to be perpetuated in this place. The name was later refined to Bishop Fowler's Cathedral, and later changed to Cathedral. (4) (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 13.

(3) Personal Communication with Mary Miners, Hot Springs, l964

(4) Bohi, Interview with Bob & Fanny McAdam, l957



POP CORN ALLEY

LOCATION: 4-17 to 4-19

SOURCE OF NAME: "Advancing through Pop Corn Alley we enter Odd Fellow's Hall." (1) The left hand wall of this stretch of trail is heavily encrusted with 'popcorn'. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 14.



ODD FELLOW'S HALL

LOCATION: 4-21 to 4-22

OTHER NAMES: Model Room

SOURCE OF NAME: "After getting into line again, we go down a flight of stairs to Odd Fellows' Hall, a chamber that on examination suggests its name. In the ceiling is situated the 'All seeing eye', one of the emblems of that august body, and at little distance the 'Three Links'; (solution pockets in ceiling) also in the ceiling, and just under the latter is situated a rock very much resembling a goat". (1) This later animal apparently suffered annihilation during trail construction, as even with the aid of an old photograph, it cannot be located. (2) "On entering the hall, the wreck of the Spanish warship Colon attracts attention. This specimen of Wind Cave novelty was named by Dr. Lentz of Brookings, S.D. This wreck is 350 feet below the entrance, nearly two miles from the starting point and in the sixth tier of chambers." (3) The breakdown block between 4-20 & 4-21 is probably this feature. An excellent Syringopore coral (could not be located) may be found on the ceiling of the dead end passage leading right from the top of the stairs 'out', approximately 6 feet from the trail. (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) W.R. Cross, #30, Goat, Odd Fellows Hall, Stereo Views in Wind Cave

(3) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, p. 14.



TURTLE PASS

LOCATION: 4-23 to 4-26

SOURCE OF NAME: "Nature, thousands of years ago, anticipated our choice of colors for the national ensign and indelibly frescoed the avenue leading from Odd Fellow's Hall with red, white, and blue. This avenue is called Turtle Pass because it shelters a large turtle about five feet in length by three in width. This formation evidently was completed weary years before Columbus dreamed of a land to the westward". (1) Likely this was an obstacle to modern concepts of trail construction, as it no longer exists. None of the colors are evident, either. However, it would take only a thin layer of dust to obliterate them, and dust is abundant. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, p. 14.



FALLEN FLATS

LOCATION: 5-4 to 5-7

OTHER NAMES: G.A.R. (Grand Army of the Republic) Hall, Assembly Room

SOURCE OF NAME: The original name is descriptive of the breakdown slabs covering the floor, and with reference to this room, Bob McAdam states "we christened it the Fallen Flats." (1) Later on, however, "This hall was dedicated (G.A.R.) in June, 1899, during the soldiers' reunion at Hot Springs, ninety-six old soldiers being present at the dedicatory services. A monument was erected upon an eminence within the hall to the memory of the heroic dead who wore the blue, but are now sleeping the sleep of the departed patriots. The committee requested that every old soldier visiting the Cave leave his name, company, and regimental designation at the foot of the monument. "The G.A.R. Hall is well named. About it are natural fortifications more durable than were constructed upon many a battlefield. Overhead are calcite formations representing breastworks, stockades, etc., the handiwork of nature’s creation." (2) The monument occupied the corner of the room now marked by 5-5. (3) (1) Bohi, Interview with Bob & Fanny McAdam, 1957

(2) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, p. 15, 1901

(3) Photograph, G.A.R. Hall, McAdam Collection



GARDEN WALL - GIANT'S COFFIN

LOCATION: 5-15 to 5-13 (Giant’s Coffin between 5-14 and light stands)

SOURCE OF NAME: A little uncertainty is evident in exactly what objects are referred to, but the location between the Crossroads and present Assembly Room is positive. Elmer McDonald states "The next open country is protected from public trespass by the Garden Wall, which appears to have been well built in the long ago by masons properly trained in their craft, and extends at a uniform height to the Fallen Flats…" (1) A wall-like configuration extends from 5-15 to 5-13, on that side of the trail, but not to 'Fallen Flats', although trail construction could have destroyed this part of it. But Horn, in his guide book notes another feature: "Here the visitor is shown the Garden Wall, upon which rests the Giant's Coffin. Strange sensations creep over one as he studies his surroundings, fearful lest he be intruding upon the subterranean retreat or mausoleum of some giant race. The coffin lid can be raised and those sufficiently lion-hearted may look within observing the Ghost of a Lost Opportunity." (2) No such feature apparently graces the wall, but a prominent coffin-shaped rock rests at the base of 5-14, on the other side of the trail. (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 15.



CONFEDERATE CROSSROADS

LOCATION: 6-1

SOURCE OF NAME: "…just beyond (Turtle Pass) is the Confederate Cross Roads, where the fissure is crossed by another forming a cross with perfect right angles. The right hand passage is used for specimens only; straight ahead leads to the Garden of Eden, the end of our shortest route. We take the left hand path and journey through Summer Avenue…" (1) Horn indicates a number of additional features in connection with the place. "Turtle Pass leads to the Cross Roads, where the route divides. Here is Nasby's Dome (5-19) beyond which is the Breckenridge Gallery and Burleigh Heights (Probably the high ceiling passage beyond, 5-19 thru 5-16) the latter having a dome ninety feet in height. (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, p. 14.



SUMMER AVENUE

LOCATION: 6-1 to 6-9

SOURCE OF NAME: "From here Summer Avenue leads off a distance of 300 feet to the Masonic Temple." (1) "We now descend another flight of stairs into Turtle Pass, where a large turtle rests beside the path, and just beyond is the Confederate Crossroads, where the fissure is crossed by another forming a cross with prefect right angles. The right hand passage is used for specimens only; straight ahead leads to the Garden of Eden, the end of our shortest route. We take the left hand path and journey through Summer Avenue, some seventy feet in length, and reach the Scenes of Wicklow..." (2) The difference in spelling is apparently a misprinting of Horn's. The origin of the name is somewhat puzzling, at least in terms of the discovery date. "On the 26th day of November 1890 the route, Summer Avenue, Irish misery and Sceneries of Wicklow were discovered by R.B. Moss and A.F. McDonald. (3) (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901 p. 18

(2) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(3) The Private Account of A. F. McDonald, Discoveries and Dates



MASONIC TEMPLE

LOCATION: 6-12 and/or passage leading south of 7-21

SOURCE OF NAME: "From here Sumner (sic) Avenue leads off a distance of 300 feet to the Masonic Temple." (1) But in 1898, "On the right (in the Assembly Room, 7-24) is a passage leading to the Masonic Temple, a room that any body of Masons would be proud of could they hold lodge meetings in it. The passage on the left is the terminus of the Pearly Gates Route, the longest developed route in the cave. After moving along... we come into the Tennis Court". (2) The subsequent change in location was likely somewhat political, desire on the part of the group involved that their hall was not reached by the regular tours. (1) E. C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, p. 18

(2) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898



SCENERIES OF WICLOW

LOCATION: 6-15

OTHER NAMES: Scenes of Widow, Elk's Resort, Elk's Room

SOURCE OF NAME: The name appears frequently in The Private Account, as the beginning of the Castle Garden Route. The archaic form was apparently dropped rather quickly, as there was no doubt emphasis on refinement and public image, for in 1898, Owen describes the place as "a large and high room, beautifully decorated with boxwork and popcorn. The ceiling and the left wall from floor to ceiling are fine box work. On the right you see a dark space, as a very large portion of this room is unused, but we pass the Piper’s Pig. (*) List! The guide is pounding on the Salvation Army Drum, a large projecting rock that on being struck with the closed hand gives a sound very much like a bass drum." (1) A faunal change took place by the time Horn visited the cave, for "From the Masonic Temple we pass to the Elk's Resort, where an elk’s head greets the pilgrim. Close by is Salvation Army Drum made in nature’s shop, and just overhead is a square of Irish Point Lace formed by boxwork twenty feet on each side." (2) The communal identity of the drum establishes the identity of both references, although the feature has not actually been located. The boxwork and elk head are obvious. Lamp 12-1 shines toward a feature known as the Blarney Stone. (3) (*) Could this be the Elk Head? (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, p. 18

(3) Photo #2, W.R. Cross, Stereo Views in Wind Cave



KIMBALL'S MUSIC HALL

LOCATION: 7-1 to 7-2

OTHER NAMES: McKinley Memorial Hall

SOURCE OF NAME: "After walking across a short plank (from Scenes of Wicklow) we enter Kimball’s Music Hall, a very beautiful room settled between two crevices and lined with box work. Viewing the ceiling from the fissure on the right it is seen to be smooth and fringed with popcorn. In some places the boxes are closed, resembling finished honeycomb. Over head box work can be seen as high as the light penetrates. On the whole I think this is the finest crevice in the explored cave." (1) Later on, however, the name was changed, for in 1901, Horn writes that "A passageway to McKinley Memorial Hall has the Wind Cave Chimes." (2) The chimes were probably the boxwork. Could this be what Alvin called the Chamber of Bells? It was on this route. The dual identity of the place can be established since both references lead to the same place. "Going from McKinley Memorial Hall we enter Whitney Avenue..." (3) "Looking straight ahead you wonder how the party can travel over such a road as presents itself to view, but the guide turns into an arch in the right hand wall and enters Whitney Avenue." (4) (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 19.

(3) Ibid

(4) Owen, Ibid



NAPOLEON’S TOMB

LOCATION: 7-3

SOURCE OF NAME: "Here (McKinley Memorial Hall) the second paralleling crevice appears, in which is seen Napoleon's Tomb, said to be an exact counterpart of the original." (1) The block with lamp 7-3 is descriptive. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 19.



WHITNEY AVENUE

LOCATION: 7-4 to 7-8

SOURCE OF NAME: "Locking straight ahead you wonder how the party can travel over such a road as presents itself to view, but the guide turns into an arch in the right hand wall and enters Whitney Avenue. After walking across the bridge over shadowy depths..." (1) "Going from McKinley Memorial Hall we enter Whitney Avenue, which spans the shadowy depths. The question, How deep are these depths? How long is eternity?" (2) The hole down, illuminated by 7-4 is probably the reference. The use of "shadowy depths" in both writings seems more than just coincidence, although no specific reference as to name is made. (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 20-21.



MONTE CRISTO PALACE

LOCATION: 7-11

SOURCE OF NAME: "After walking across the bridge over shadowy depths, our pathway lies for some fifty feet in one of the most interesting ovens in the cave, at the end of which we enter Monte Cristo's Palace, by going down a flight of stairs. This room has the greatest depth beneath the surface of any of the Fair Ground's Route, which is four hundred and fifty feet. In this room is noticed a decided change in the box work which is much heavier than any seen, or that will be seen on this route, and the color is light blue." (1) "This avenue (Whitney Avenue) leads to Monte Cristo Place, which is in the seventh tier of chambers and on the 450 foot level, and 750 feet below the surface, for here the survey shows that a towering hill stands above, holding Monte Cristo Palace firmly in its palace as if in a Zeus-made vice. Here beautiful clusters of dazzling silica crystals appear, flashing under the power of magnesium light like the most brilliant of diamonds. In this place a triphammer blow is dealt to geology, which asserts that quartz and calcite formations never appear on the same level. Here the unexpected appears with quartz and calcite formations side by side as if they were breaking no law." (2) The location is evident, but most of the vugs mentioned are apparently gone. While silica and calcite "side by side" are common in the cave, the writer was unable to fine any trace of silicious rocks in the area. (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 20.



BRIDGE OF SIGHS

LOCATION: 7-19

OTHER NAMES: Three-way Stair

SOURCE OF NAME: "Those who desire to see the Blue Grotto on the Fair Grounds Route may do so by passing under the Bridge of Sighs, traveling... If you do not care to make the Blue Grotto, you cross over instead of under the Bridge of Sighs and pass Bottomless Pit." The latter feature evidently has been altered by trail construction, but is probably the hole protected by a railing between the Three-way Stair and the Second Crossroads. It must have been somewhat more impressive than it is now, for Horn continues "It is called Bottomless Pit because the bottom cannot be discerned, but if your Sunday school teacher should ask you, just tell her the tapeline stops singing at the ninety-foot mark E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 20.



GRECIAN BEND

LOCATION: 7-22 to 7-23

SOURCE OF NAME: "Beyond the Bottomless Pit we enter Grecian Bend, and bow very low whether we like it or not till we reach the Assembly Room." (1) Examination of this little area reveals that the passage has been excavated at least four feet. Bending may be an understatement; they may have crawled. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 20.



ASSEMBLY POOM

LOCATION: 7-24

OTHER NAMES: Crown Chamber, Second Crossroads

SOURCE OF NAME: "From this Avenue (Milliner's Avenue) we step into the Assembly Room. The Passage to the left is the terminus of the Pearly Gates Route. After moving along some distance we see the Bad Lands and then come into the Tennis Court." (1) The latter is from a section written by Elmer McDonald. Making the trip herself, and returning from the Pearly Gates, Miss Owen observes, "Next is the Assembly Room or Crown Chamber, as it is called on account of a handsome crown conspicuously placed. This room also contains a Moose so perfectly carved that the skeptic who searches diligently for imperfections finally clamors for the whole company to celebrate his discovery of the artist's noble skill." (2) These latter features apparently were victims of trail construction or the mobs that followed. Further comment by Horn is interesting. "Beyond the Bottomless Pit we enter Grecian Bend, and bow very low whether we like it or not till we reach the Assembly Room. Six routes assemble here; one leads to Pearly Gates, one to Fair Grounds, the others being uncomfortable for the tourist who is less surefooted than the mountain goat." "The Palace Fireplace was found here by Mrs. Markham of Sioux Falls. The Cliff House of the Pacific Coast is an object of interest; the one in the Cave, being far removed from the vandal's hand, is undisturbed by the relic hunter." "An avenue seventy-five feet in length leads from the Assembly Room to the Mound Builders' Rest." (3) (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) Ibid

(3) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 20-21.



COUNCIL CHAMBER

LOCATION: 8-6 to 8-9

OTHER NAMES: Dragon Room

SOURCE OF NAME: The old photograph shows a view of the room from the trail familiar to any guide. (1) Owen observes, "Which besides other attractions is to some extent also a Statuary Hall." (2) (1) W.R. Cross, Stereo Photos in Wind Cave, No. 19, Council Chamber

(2) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898



ST. DOMINIC CHAMBER

LOCATION: 8-12

SOURCE OF NAME: "Passing through the Chicago Portrait Room and Stabler's Pass, we reach St. Domanic (sic) Chamber, the home of the Hornets' Nest, and the sight (sic) of several geodes." (1) The location can be inferred from the smoked inscription on the ceiling, and there is a hornets' nest as well. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 29.



ALPINE WAY

LOCATION: Joins levels between Council Chamber (8-9) and Waiting Room (10-3)

SOURCE OF NAME: Owen describes it, possibly not completely accurate: "From the Council Chamber the Alpine Way leads up to the Fair Grounds directly above. This alpine way is sort of a cork screw twisting through the rocks, not unlike a badly walled well, assisted at the lowest portion by a short and nearly perpendicular ladder." (1) Actually it does not lead directly into the Fair Grounds, for in the chapter written by Elmer McDonald we read an interesting sidelight that associates it with the Waiting Room, two flights below the Fairgrounds. "Down one short flight of stairs and we are in the Waiting Room so called on account of persons waiting here while the rest of their party finished the trip by climbing up the Alpine Way. This difficult climb was made until the route was developed via the Marble Quarry." (2) (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) Ibid



UNION COLLEGE

LOCATION: 9-3 to 9-4

SOURCE OF NAME: The Fan Rock identifies this location. (1) Horn elaborates "…Union College where the bell is always ready, but never rings. Here stands Fan Rock, eight feet high, six feet wide, with a base one foot square, always open for the use of the tired college girl. Here also is the Letter Box, a very useful accessory to college equipment. The box lid is sealed open by nature, permitting all students to receive or send mail uncensored. " (2) (1) Butcher & Son, No.1621, Union College, Fan Rock (#17h, Stanley Collection)

(2) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, p. 28, 1901



CASTLE GARDEN

LOCATION: 9-23 to 9-26

SOURCE OF NAME: "Leaving the Fair Grounds Route at the Assembly Room, we pass under the Bridge of Sighs and find ourselves in Castle Garden. This is a large room of blue formation, in which may be seen Sawyer's Sea Serpent." (1) (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898



WAITING ROOM

LOCATION: 10-3

OTHER NAMES: Bachelor's Parlor

SOURCE OF NAME: Down one flight of stairs (from Johnstone's Campground) and we are in the Waiting Room, so called on account of persons waiting here while the rest of their party finished the trip by climbing up the Alpine Way. This difficult climb was made until the route was developed via the Marble Quarry." (1) Passing Johnstone's Campground we are ushered into a room remarkable for its appearance, named Bachelor's Parlor, so called because it is so rocky. It must have been named by some imaginative lady who rescued some man from the woes of bachlordome, and knew whereof she spoke." (2) Probably the difficulties of Alpine Way were forgotten by the time the name was changed. (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 23.



SHEEP

LOCATION: Between 10-9 & 10-10

OTHER NAMES: Degree of Honor Hall

SOURCE OF NAME: Passing from 10-9 toward 10-10, looking back above the archway, one may observe features identical with the old photograph. (1) Comments from the literature are worthwhile too, however. "A winding path is followed until attention is called to the Sheep's Head above an arch over the passage, and the ceiling here is of flint, the ledge of which is four inches thick." (2) In an era of small-time political influence: "Passing Workman Hall we enter the Degree of Honor Hall where the sheep is on duty instead of the goat. This formation is the most perfect of all representing animals found in the Cave." (3) (1) H. Cross, Stereo Views in Wind Cave, No. 25, SHEEP IN WIND CAVE

(2) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(3) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 22.



MARBLE QUARRY

LOCATION: 10-10 to 10-18

OTHER NAMES: A.O.U.W. Hall, Bachelor's Quarters

SOURCE OF NAME: "Here (Tennis Court) we take a rest preparatory to climbing up to the Marble Quarry, a task of two flights of stairs. This is a very large room and has the most uneven floor, ceiling and walls of any that our visitors see, and is barren of specimens excepting in the first part over the stairs where there is some box work of very pretty structure and color." (1) "Our next point of interest is the A.0.U.W. (Association of United Workingmen) Hall, dedicated in May, 1900 by the Grand Lodge of South Dakota." (2) (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 22.



DEVIL'S PUNCH BOWL

LOCATION: 10-12

SOURCE OF NAME: "Some distance up the path (Marble Quarry) we see…on the other side the Devil's Punch Bowl, a large rock with a basin-shaped hole about thirty-six inches across and sixteen inches deep, but lo! The bottom has been broken out; which is very appropriate as South Dakota is at present a prohibition state." (1) Lamp 10-12 shines through the bottom. (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills (Quoting Elmer McDonald), 1898



JOHNSTONE'S CAMPGROUND

LOCATION: 10-4 to 10-9

SOURCE OF NAME: "The next point of interest is Johnstone's Camp Ground, it being the room in which Paul Alexander Johnstone, the famed mind-reader and his party slept the third night while on a hunt for a pin head hid in the Cave by Judge Boomer and W.U. Germond of Hot Springs. Mr. Johnstone made a wager of $1,000 that he could find a pin head if hid anywhere in Wind Cave, and he would make the trip from Hot Springs to the Cave and to the pin head blindfolded. The wager was accepted. The two responsible men mentioned were to hide the pin. It was done. When the men returned to Hot Springs, Johnstone grasped each man by the arm, led them to a conveyance in waiting, drove to Wind Cave in forty-two minutes, entered the cave and after seventy three hours and twenty minutes returned with the identical pin head. Less time would have been consumed in finding the pin head had those who hid it not forgotten the route they took in hiding it. All were lost at times. When lost the mind reader is said to have writhed upon the floor like a molested serpent. He cried and moaned as if in the grates mental agony, saying his reputation was at stake in the matter, not caring for the money. Thoroughly blindfolded, Mr. Johnstone finally led the party into the room known as Standing Rock Chamber and placed the point of his knife upon the pin head. A light was flashed and a negative taken of the scene just as the point of the knife blade reached the pin head. Mr. Johnstone performed other almost equally extraordinary feats of mind reading at other places, which provided data for a chapter in the New Psychology." (1) The remarkable thing about this episode is the manner in which the different reports agree. "Passing under the (Sheep's) arch we enter Johnstone's Camp Ground, so named because Paul Alexander Johnstone camped in this room while accomplishing the third of his greatest mind reading feats, during which he remained in the cave seventy-two hours. He was locked in his room at the Evans hotel while a committee secreted the head of a gold pin in the cave. On their return, after being blindfolded, he led them to the livery stable, and securing a team drove to the cave and found the pin in the Standing Rock Chamber, beyond the Pearly Gates, and then drove back to the city still blindfolded." (2) (See also Bohi, Seventy-five years and Wind Cave, p. 406) Any number of things could have transpired during this three day odyssey underground, from the extrasensory to the fraudulent, but nevertheless it created no small sensation. The locations are self evident. Near 10-7 is an oval-shaped depression in the floor, obviously unnatural. Could this have been dug for a bed? (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p, 22.

(2) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898



GHOST OF SHE

LOCATION: Across trail from 10-12

SOURCE OF NAME: "this hall (A.O.U.W.) has the Ghost of She, and it so excited a colored visitor once that he endeavored to go straight up in order to avoid meeting this mysterious apparition formed of solid rock and draped in white." (1) Exactly what this is, is somewhat of an enigma, hut Elmer McDonald states that "some distance up the path (in the Marble Quarry) we see on one side the Ghost of 'She' and on the other the Devil's Punch Bowl..." (2), locating it rather conclusively. A number of irregular pieces of breakdown, as well as a 'canopy' on the ceiling could each fit the description. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 22.

(2) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898



TENNIS COURT

LOCATION: 10-21

SOURCE OF NAME: "After moving along some distance…then come into the Tennis Court. This room has the net in the ceiling and I suppose the party can furnish the raquet (racket). On the right hand side of this room there is tier upon tier of box work; looking to the left you shudder at the almost bottomless pit just beside the pathway." (1) This is mentioned in "The Private Account", so evidently the name originated with Alvin McDonald. (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898



TICKET OFFICE

LOCATION: 11-30

SOURCE OF NAME: "From the Bachelor's Parlor the way leads through the Ticket Office into the Fair Grounds." (1) From the Waiting Room (same place different name) "A steep pathway and one flight of stairs now brings us to the Ticket Office, and another short stairway leads into the room above, which is the Fair Grounds." (2) The progression indicated by the descriptions and a count of flights of stairs probably sets the location. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 23.

(2) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898



TABERNACLE

LOCATION: 13-18

SOURCE OF NAME: "…we reach the Tabernacle, the 1argest chamber on the Pearly Gates Route. At the end of the Tabernacle is…The Pearly Gates." (1) Examination of the area makes this identification self-explanatory. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 30.



STANDING ROCK CHAMBER

LOCATION: 13-30

SOURCE OF NAME: "Next beyond is the chamber containing the Standing Rock behind which Mr. Johnstone made his famous discovery of the concealed pin-head. It is an immense great fallen rock on whose dark surface are scattered transparent flake like crystals of stain spar, resembling the congealed drops of a summer shower. The mind reader entered the chamber by way we shall leave it." (1) This may not be the place. However, the location does have a large breakdown boulder encrusted with 'Non-euhedral' crystalline gypsum, very common in the cave. The progression is rather logical, too. There are also a number of solutional forms that could be what Horn describes as "the Eagle, the Polar Bear, and the Chimes together with the rock twenty-five feet high, which gives it its name." (2) (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 29.



MERMAID'S RESORT

LOCATION: 13-33

SOURCE OF NAME: "A Greyhound stands in the passage way leading to Mermaid's Resort, a nook that seems to make one grow young in spite of time's advance. This bower is roofed with crystals, lace like, encrusted with white frosting resembling swan's-down. Imagine a canopy studded with miniature cedar trees, their tops downward hanging, spreading, and meeting each other, the roots in the ceiling and all snow white, with an orange shade in the background, and you have a slight conception of nature's extravagance at almost the farthest point on the longest traveled route in Wind Cave." (1) (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 29.



W.C.T.U. HALL

LOCATION: 14-1, 14-4

SOURCE OF NAME: "Near the Eastern Star Room is the W.C.T.U. Hall, dedicated in August, 1892. Here the flag and white ribbon keep each other company in perpetual night, the darkness being broken only by the candle and magnesium light, the sunlight having never penetrated that abysmal depth. Fittingly connected with this hall is Silent Lake." (14-39) (1) This close association with the pool fairly reliably establishes this place as the present middle elevator landing. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 16.



FIVE POINTS

LOCATION: 14-12 to 14-13

OTHER NAMES: Eastern Star Room

SOURCE OF NAME: "Arrived at the top limits of the stairs (Cliff Climbers' Delight) the ascent is by no means finished but continues through three large chambers known as Five Points…" (1) Things were different by the time of Horn's writing, for from Cliff Climbers' Delight "Our path leads to the Eastern Star Room, where chocolate caramels tempt the eye and taste. A different route branches off from each of the five points of the star." (2) This latter characteristic probably suggested the original name, which, incidentally, appears in "The Private Account." (1) Luella Agnes Owen, Cave Regions of the Ozarks and Black Hills, 1898

(2) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 16.



DANTE'S INFERNO

LOCATION: 14-15

SOURCE OF NAME: "The last point on the Garden of Eden Route is Dante's Inferno. It is dark, black, deep, and a decidedly weird abode for the tormented, and without excuse for its existence when compared with the Garden of Eden." (1) Following Horn's consecutive sequence, this location is the last room of any significant size before returning to the 'exit', Five Points, and Cliff Climbers' Delight. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 17.



CORK SCREW PATH

LOCATION: 11-16 to 14-19

SOURCE OF NAME: "Leaving the Garden of Eden, but not forgetting it, we visit Beacon Heights (14-l9) and Cork Screw Path. Half way down Cork Screw Path the Glacier. (Travertine at 14-17) Passing the Glacier, we reach the Sportsman's Delight, where a Goose hangs suspended from the ceiling. (In line between 14-16 and 14-18) How many years have passed with the Goose unfed, uncared for, untouched, no man knows, but she is there nevertheless, ready for flight should the Glacier overtake her." (1) (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 17.



GARDEN OF EDEN

SOURCE OF NAME: "We next pass under the Cathedral Dome (Could this be the high dome over 14-33?) through Kelly's Slide (possibly the dip formed by the trail and stair at 14-31) to the climax of the route - The Garden of Eden. The most beautiful frost-work and box-work fringed with frost-work observed on the entire route is seen here in limitless profusion. The candles are extinguished and magnesium light is substituted. The tourists from Maine to California are fairly bewildered, amazed, and stand speechless as they become entranced, intoxicated by the unexpected profusion of elysian beauties. Here adjectives are useless, vocabularies fail; the word painter is confronted with a scene which defies description. The camera is outwitted; nature triumphs. The many domes are doubtless of geyser formation; and the depression named Jacob's Well (pit at 14-29) represents the remains of an extinct geyser as he struggled for existence. The Garden of Eden covers half an acre; the floor is uneven and rugged; the ceiling is a constantly changing panorama of beauty. On one side is the LINNAEUS GROTTO, named by Professor Udden in honor of the renowned Swedish botanist; (location unknown, but possible corner occupied by 14-21) for on the other side is another grotto containing stalagmites and stalactites in the process of formation. (duck under leading from trail at 14-20) A Gypsum Mummy (unknown) and Rhinoceros Jaws are also attractions here." (1) A jaw like formation hangs from the ceiling at 14-28. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 16-17



FAT WOMAN'S MISERY

LOCATION: 15-2 to 15-3

SOURCE OF NAME: "Another avenue from the G.A.R. Hall leads to the Cliff Climbers' Delight (15-13 to top at 15-5), sixty feet high, via Fat Woman's Misery." (1) The passageways at the bottom of the present Garden of Eden Escape Route show extensive enlargement; likely these were 'difficult' crawlways. (1) E.C. Horn, Mazes and Marvels of Wind Cave, 1901, p. 15. A Room Name Date Named By Explanation A.F. McDonald Room 189? Mark Stock, Lester Lester A room with a A.F. McDonald signature that was surveyed by Mark Stock in 1971? A.O.U.W. Hall <1898 Association of United Workingmen Hall. Also known as the Marble Quarry or Bachelor's Quarters. Abbey Ruins <06/01/1893 Alvin McDonald Academy, The 07/05/1891 Alvin McDonald, M.E. Crookam, C.F. McBride Adams Well <06/01/1893 Alvin McDonald AFM Room 07/31/1973 Les Talbot, Phil Dodge, Jim Palmer The surveyors found "AFM" written on a rock at the entrance to the room. Aguileras Attic 02/24/2001 Matt Reece, Marc Ohms An upper level passage named after Christina Aguilera, a very popular teen rock star at the time. In keeping with the theme of the area and using the same starting letter for each word "A A". Air Tube, The 03/03/2000 Rod Horrocks, Joe Oliphant, John Citta, Marc Pedersen A very cool and windy upper level tube off the WX survey. This passage is apparently one of the major routes that air moves from eastern to western part of the cave. Alberta Connection 08/02/2001 Rod Horrocks, Graham Hogg, Rainer Engler, Dave Fairfield A fissure passage that connects the Terra-Cotta Trail with the Natural Entrance Tour near Miltons Study. It was discovered by the Alberta, Canada component of this survey party. Alex's Alley 06/05/1987 Jim Nepstad, Jim Pisarowicz Named in honor of Assistant Chief Naturalist Kay Rohde's one month old son. There was a baby shower for Alex on the day of this trip (May 6, 1987). Surveyed by Jim Nepstad and Jim Pisarowicz. All Seeing Eye <1901 Alligator Bait 08/25/1990 Steve Baldwin, Bob Kobza, Cristine Found Alligator Formation 12/28/2002 Evan Anderson, Stephanie Juth, Derek Wolfe, Matt Juth A rock on the ceiling at the entrance to a crawl looked astonishingly like a profile of an alligator, with the eyeball and upper and lower jaws. It was made speleogen in a spongework area. Alonegation Alley 07/??/1972 John Scheltens? Alpine Way Alvin McDonald, M.E. Crookam, Willie Crookam, George Lee This fissure passage was discovered on July 3, 1891 by M.E. Crookam, Willie Crookam, George Lee, and Alvin McDonald. This route was used to climb to the Fairgounds before the Marble Quarry route was developed. Also known as the Crevice or the Merry-go-Round. Surveyed by Rod Horrocks and John Scheltens on 3/13/2002. Altaffers Water Course <06/01/1893 Alvin McDonald Alvins Specimen Table <10/1983 Greg Wright, Jerry Rupert, Jane Harvey, Jim Cummings A rock covered with specimens that most likely dates to the time Alvin McDonald was collecting specimens in the area. Amelia Earhart Hanger 09/14/1991 Vi Allured, Pat Seiser, Louise Hose Amphitheater 1962 Alan Howard This large room was surveyed by Alan Howard in 1962. Alvin McDonald also called another room the "Amphitheater" in 1891. Anchor Room 04/20/1981 Liz Chapman, Cory Crawford, Steve Matson, Kathy Raymond This room derives its name from the arrow that is smoked on the ceiling that has the appearance of an anchor. At the bottom of Misplaced Pit. Also known as the Archer Room. Surveyed on April 20, 1981 by Liz Chapman, Cory Crawford, Steve Matson and Kathy Raymond. Andy's Ice Box 12/15/1979 Andy Flurkey, Norm Pace, John Scheltens Named after Andy Flurkey, this room contains fantastic displays of aragonite frostwork. It has the appearance of being in a giant ice box. Discovered December 15, 1979 by Andy Flurkey, Norm Pace, and John Scheltens. Angel Wings 03/28/1981 Ken Allgier, John Scheltens, Dave Springhetti, Mike Wiles Discovered March 28, 1981 by Ken Allgier, John Scheltens, Dave Springhetti, and Mike Wiles. So named because of the "angel wings" seen on many stalactites in this large flowstone area. Angle Tangle 09/14/1991 Stan Allison, Paul Burger, Dawn Reed This is the first squeeze encountered after the Silent Struggle in route to Southern Comfort. It involves two consecutive 9- degree angle turns that are difficult to get your body around. Animal Cracker Room 06/05/1884 L.C. Faris, Frank Halden, Charlie Roe The ceiling in this room looks like a box of broken animal crackers. Also known as the Rookery or White Hall. Animal Farm <11/2/1985 Anklebone Room 11/10/2001 Jim Wilson, Ryan Cutler, Derek Wolfe Named to stay with the Knee Bone Room theme. Ant Hills 08/17/1971 Nelson Kuniansky, Steve Nordstrom, John Scharres Named for the many small mounds found on the floor of this area. Discovered August 18, 1971 by Nelson Kuniansky, Steve Nordstrom and John Scharres. Antarctica 11/18/1987 Jim Pisarowicz, Jim Nepstad, Darren Ressler, Bob Kobza This room has large (4 inch) clumps of frostwork and was discovered on the same day as Antarctica was discovered in 1820. Ante Room 1953 Anticipation Room 11/21/1985 John Gookin, Jim Pisarowicz, Matt Soete, Geoff Williams Discovered by survey crew. Named in anticipation of the larger rooms the party hoped to find off this junction area. Antiohm Chamber 04/19/2005 Jason Walz, Larry Shaffer, Sara Booth, Chris Dale On his last survey trip before reporting to a job in New York, Jason and his group found an extensive area they named Pleasant Surprise. The Antiohm Chamber is a small room that led to this discovery that the surveyors did not want Marc Ohms to scoop them on while Jason was gone. Marc is not allowed in this room and thus the area beyond (all in jest). Appian Way 1999 Rod Horrocks A passage located between the Muddle Room and Rome. The road that leads to Rome was known as Appian Way. Applehead 09/11/1999 Carl Bern, Tom Dotter, Evan Anderson, Amy Johnson Aragonite Forest 01/01/1980 Norm Pace, John Scheltens, Alan Williams Found on March 1, 1980 by Norm Pace, John Scheltens and Alan Williams. A room off the KQ route with an abundance of aragonite ("frostwork"). Aragonite Hall 07/02/1974 Cindy Brome, Janine LeRoy, Les Talbot, Chuck Ward A room with much aragonite ("frostwork") situated just above the Basement. Surveyed on July 2, 1974 by Cindy Brome, Janine LeRoy, Les Talbot and Chuck Ward. Aragonite Supreme 12/15/1979 Andy Flurkey, Norm Pace, John Scheltens Discovered December 15, 1979 by Andy Flurkey, Norm Pace and John Scheltens. An area with really spectacular aragonite frostwork. Arbby's Squeeze 11/10/1990 Garie Petrie, Norm Thompson, Pat Seiser Tight, fissure passage climb into STP Speedway. Arcane Rift 3/15/2001 Rod Horrocks, Dave Shurtz, Ryan Shurtz, Jordan Shurtz A steeply sloping "rift" passage that was accessed through a dome known only to a few individuals, thus the name. Arch of Politeness <1893 Alvin McDonald? A low spot on the Historic Tour Route between the Giants Causeway and Lenas Arbor. Archelon, The 07/29/2007 Chris Amidon, Erin Niedringhaus, Abby Tobin, Kristen Schulte A speleogen in this passage reminded the survey crew of a large turtle. Archelon is the genus of the largest fossilized sea turtle to have ever lived. Archer Room 04/20/1981 Liz Chapman, Cory Crawford, Steve Matson, Kathy Raymond This room derives its name from the arrow that is smoked on the ceiling that has the appearance of an anchor. Located at the bottom of Misplaced Pit. Also known as the Anchor Room. Archimedes Pool 04/19/1980 John Scheltens, Dave Springhetti Discovered on April 19, 1980 by John Scheltens and Dave Springhetti. This area is so named because it is in one of the highest portions of the cave. There is a small pool of water here. Arena 07/23/1892 Alvin McDonald, Elmer McDonald, Erwin Barbour, H.H. Everett Discovered July 23, 1892 by Erwin Barbour, H.H. Everett and Alvin and Elmer McDonald. Arm Pit 07/14/1976 Phil Dodge, Don Frankfort, Bob Huber, Jim Palmer A small room just south of the Elbow Room. Arrow Passage 08/18/1979 Phil Dodge, Bob Galligar, Gordon Messling, Jim Minnick Surveyed on August 18, 1979 Phil Dodge, Bob Galligar, Gordon Messling and Jim Minnick. So named for an abundance of arrows scratched onto the soft limestone walls of this passage. Arroyo, The 12/11/2004 Jason Walz, Larry Shaffer, Sara Booth An area with dried mud cracks. Art Gallery 07/03/1891 Alvin McDonald, M.E. Crookam, Willie Crookam, George Lee Artifact Room 08/17/1980 Chuck Bertsch, Phil Dodge, Gordon Messling Several historical artifacts, including newspaper, cigar boxes, and catalogs can be found in this 65-foot wide room, which was mined by the McDonald family for popcorn and frostwork before Wind Cave was established as a national park. Artist Ideal 07/03/1891 Alvin McDonald, M.E. Crookam, Willie Crookam, Geo. W. Lee AS Climb 07/1972 Mark Stock, Art Stone Discovered in July of 1972 by Mark Stock and Art Stone. Often referred to as the "aw shit" climb. There have been more incidents at this location than any other place in the cave. The climb is up loose fill and is overhung at the top. Ashul Temple 1926 E. H. Abrams, Pitt Larvie, Y.B. Strickland, Alvin Underhill A room where the discovers names are written on the walls with a date of 1926. Surveyed by Tom Bean and Jim Palmer on 08/11/1972. Assembly Room 01/12/1981 Alvin McDonald, Elmer McDonald, Melvin Moore Discovered by Alvin and Elmer McDonald and Melvin Moore on January 12, 1891. Meetings held in this room during the early history of the cave gave this room its name. Also known as Fallen Flats because of the large, flat breakdown on the floor and GAR Hall. Asylum 11/14/1992 Myk Coughlin, Stan Allison, Mike Wiles The area beyond the Strait Jacket. Atlantis 03/01/1986 John Scheltens, Dave Springhetti A beautiful, delicate, wet, popcorn-covered room. Atlas Underground Hempworks 01/24/1970 Ed Crawford, Jens Munthe, John Pollack Also called the Spar Tooth Chamber because of vugs with large quantities of dog tooth spar. Attic 01/22/1893 Alvin McDonald, Mary McDonald, Fred Darlington, Saura Smith First entered on January 22, 1893 by Fred Darlington, Alvin and Mary McDonald and Saura Smith. An area of the cave above the current candlelight tour route. Surveyed by John Scheltens, Alvin McLane, and Dave Springhetti on 07/14/1973. Autograph Room <1962 Avalanche Chamber 07/1972 John Scheltens, Bob Reinstatler Named for a large breakdown slope in the room. Discovered in July of 1972 by John Scheltens and Bob Reinstatler. Avenue D’Webster 1893 Alvin McDonald Avenue of Flowers 01/22/1893 A.F. McDonald, Saura V. Smith, Mary McDonald, Fred Darlington B Room Date Named By Explanation Baba Fats 11/09/1991 R.A. Brame, Jon Hartman, Josh Kanthrowitz, Kelly Morrison, Graham Wadds Baby Elephant <1893 Alvin McDonald Bachelors Quarters 1892 Alvin McDonald Named for the thin coating of dust or dirt that covers all the breakdown in this room. "As dirty as a bachelor's room". Also known as the Marble Quarry or Workman Hall (A.O.U.W.) (Association of United Workingmen). Back Door, The <1953 Back In Minnesota Passage 11/23/1990 Matt Kramar, Randy Waslien?, Rich Ness Back Room 1962 Alan Howard A large Upper Middle Level Room. Back Room 1962 Alan Howard Moonmilk has the consistency of cottage cheese in this area. The Windy City Grotto cavers made <8" high "snowmen" out of this moonmilk with matchsticks for arms. They were "cleaned" up by a NOLS group. Back Stabber 03/31/1987 Jim Nepstad, Darren Ressler A very tight lead with a breeze and back stabbing popcorn. Backstreet, The 02/24/2001 Matt Reece, Marc Ohms A passage named after the Backstreet Boys, a very popular teen rock group of the time. The passage was a "backstreet" off the NN survey . Bad Boy Dome 02/10/2007 Jeff Goben, Barb Smith, David Lambert, Marty Klaus Bad Breath Pit 06/20/1993 Jim Nepstad, Art Palmer, Peg Palmer, Stan Allison, Bob Kobza An 8-foot deep pit that blew air back in the surveyors face. Bad Lands <1891 Alvin McDonald? Bagel Ballroom 11/02/1987 Jim Nepstad, Jim Pisarowicz, Darren Ressler Two rooms discovered by Nepstad where everyone ate bagel sandwiches (these tough pieces of bread are well suited to the harshness of being carried all day in a caving pack). Bagel Bowl 11/02/1987 Jim Nepstad, Jim Pisarowicz, Darren Ressler Walking passage off the bottom of the Bagel Hole. Bagel Hole 11/02/1987 Jim Nepstad, Jim Pisarowicz, Darren Ressler This hole is in the floor of the Bagel Ballroom. Bagel, The <04/10/1993 Baker Street 11/1982 Mike Scholl, Dan Swenson, NeNe Wolfe The southern continuation of Wall Street/ Balcony Room Ball Room <1953 Ballot Box 11/11/2000 Evan Anderson, Derek Wolfe, Shawn Kramer Named while the 2000 presidential election tie-up was going on in Florida. This area had a bunch of corners and alcoves to check out. Banana Hole 08/01/1971 Chris Hill, Nelson Kuniansky, Steve Nordstrom, John Scharres Bandana Pit 09/14/1996 Hazel Barton, Evan Anderson, Jim Wilson, Tim Moreland Bandshell 08/18/1990 Steve Baldwin, Stan Allison, Mary Laycock An upper level passage that has a rounded shape that reminded the explorers of a band shell. Bandshell Bypass, The 12/14/2002 Rod Horrocks, Mike Hanson, Jay Kennedy, Dan Wray A easy bypass that provides a way around the difficult climb into the Bandshell. Barking Spider Room 04/14/2001 Mike Hanson, Rod Horrocks A reference to the common caver joke of explaining the sounds emitted by a caver who has gas. This was a problem with one member of the group on this trip. Barnacle Straights 05/09/1992 Paul Burger, Bob Kobza, Stan Allison An amazingly straight lower level passage near the Canyon that has a 3"-4" calcite coating similar to that found in Jewel Cave. Barren Chambers 03/1891 Alvin McDonald, J.D. Davis Base Camp 1 07/1964 John Scheltens Served as a base camp for the 1970 Windy City Grotto Expedition. Base Camp 2 08/1971 Chris Hill Site of the 1972 Windy City Grotto expedition base camp. Located near the Master Room and Half Mile Hall, which were discovered the year before. Basement <1974 Basement 07/02/1974 Cindy Brome, Janine LeRoy, Less Talbot, Chuck Ward Located at the bottom of a 25-foot pit. Basket Room 01/24/1970 Ed Crawford, Jens Munthe, John Pollack Large lead on the way to Atlas Underground Hemp Works. Basketball Room 08/?/1971 Don Coons, Les Lewis, Rish Breisch Bat Alley 04/24/1981 Todd Cedarholm, Keith Mader, Steve Matson, NeNe Wolfe The crawlway is near the natural entrance and bats have been seen flying down this passage. Bat Scratch Fever 11/02/1990 Jim Nepstad, Mary Laycock, Stan Allison Upper level cave with lots of bat scratches in the ceiling. Battle of the Bulge 11/11/2000 Evan Anderson, Derek Wolfe, Shawn Kramer Bayberry Candle Room 1964 Dave Schnute, Herb Conn, Jan Conn In this room Dave burned a bayberry scented candle for light during lunch. Resurveyed by Andy Flurkey, Dave Larson, Bill Mixon, Bill Wiener on 12/1971. BB Room 04/12/1991 Stan Allison, Jim Nepstad, Dina Venezky BB stands for Bob's Birthday. BBC Alcove 05/06/1987 Jim Nepstad, Jim Pisarowicz Big Beautiful Crystals (BBC) in this small room. BD Chimney 12/12/1987 Steve Dunn, Ed LaRock, Jim Pisarowicz, John Scheltens A 40-foot chimney on the BD survey. Be Careful Passage 05/09/1992 Stan Allison, Paul Burger, Bob Kobza A fragile area with boxwork that had to be crawled through. Beacon Heights 07/02/1891 Alvin McDonald Beacon Light <06/01/1893 Beacon Street 11/16/1981 Ach Harrison, Eric Hosek, Nancy Taylor, Greg Wright A mazy area. Beanery, The 06/03/1984 Mitchel Frey, Warren Netherton, Jim Pisarowicz, Karen Rosga Warren Netherton and Jim Pisarowicz were living in the Bunkhouse in the park and they always brought a pot of beans to the potlucks. Beauty Parlor 06/05/1884 L.C. Faris, Frank Halden, Charlie Roe An area with a red, sandy, micaceous clay bank associated with paleofill. In the 1890's this clay was sold to women who used it as ruse. Probably named by the McDonalds. Also known as Red Hall. Bed of Nails 07/27/1993 Stacy Smyth, Greg Sweitzer, Bonnie Ann Burnett, Greg Finnof Small pocket containing icicle-like quartz deposits. Bed Room 06/23/1892 Alvin McDonald, J. Coldvion, A.J. Vagg, H.D. Worst Bed, The 10/09/1993 Steve Lester, Alex Fong, Evan Anderson A large breakdown block that resembles a bed near AIV6. Bedroom 06/12/1985 Larry Johnson, Jim Nepstad, Jim Pisarowicz, Darren Ressler. On one wall of this room the bedding planes were very distinct. Bedroom <02/1891 Beehive <02/1891 Alvin McDonald Belgian Waffle 1983 A dead-end low flat area located below Columbian Hall. Named during a N.O.L.S. expedition. Beil Tunnel 02/11/2006 Jason Walz, Amy Bern, Sara Booth Named for a town in Switzerland in honor of Holloch Cave, since Wind Cave was passing it in length. Belfry, The <1893 Alvin McDonald Belltower, The 01/19/1987 Joe Austin, Mike Bailey, Chris Gerow, Karen Rosga A 40-foot climb into the top of a dome. Belly Acher 09/25/1988 Steve Baldwin, Jim Nepstad Belly Crawl Falls 11/30/1988 Jim Nepstad, Darren Ressler, Bill Rodgers A 30-foot pit entered from a belly crawl. Benjamin Greenstein Memorial Squeeze 04/16/1980 Steve Matson, Dan Sonis, Clark Wallis, Jan Gelfand, Ben Greenstein, Jodi Johnson A tight crawl first negotiated by National Outdoor Leadership School (N.O.L.S.) student Ben Greenstein. Bens Squeeze 04/16/1980 Dan Sonis, Clark Wallis, Jan Gelfand, Ben Greenstein, Jodi Johnson A tight squeeze named during a N.O.L.S. expedition. BePaDoBeDe Room 08/14/1972 Tom Bean, Jim Palmer, Phil Dodge, Behur, Joe Decker Named after the first two letter in the last names of every one on the trip. Berlin Crawl 02/21/2006 Bonny Armstrong, Eric Grunwald, Jason Walz This crawlway was named in honor of Andre Baumeister, a German researcher who refused to go through the crawl on an earlier exploration trip. After the crew surveyed through the crawl, the name came up because of its similarity to 'Berlin Wall'. Berlye Heights 07/09/1891 Alvin McDonald Berma Shave 12/22/1999 Hazel Barton, Dan Lins Bermuda Dreieck 03/02/2006 Dorte Wolfkuhler, Andre Baumeister, Jason Walz Room named by Dorte for the area of Bochum, Germany that she currently lives in. It translates to 'Bermuda Triangle'. Bern Tunnel 02/11/2006 Jason Walz, Amy Bern, Sara Booth Named for a town in Switzerland in honor of Holloch Cave, since Wind Cave was passing it in length that day. Betternpokneye Crawl 12/09/2000 Rod Horrocks, Chris Ingebretsen This series of upper middle level bellycrawls was deemed to be slightly "better than a poke in the eye" by the surveyors, thus the name. Beyond Nasty 05/06/1987 Jim Nepstad, Jim Pisarowicz A particularly painful climb. Beyond the City 08/11/1992 Stacy Smyth, Randy Brown, Mary Laycock, Linda Gentile, Lisa Engleman 1894 Chicago Tribune newspaper was found all around this area. Big Buddha Room 06/18/2000 Marc Ohms, Renee Rogers, Sammi Langendorf Named after a 6-foot high, 10-foot diameter sediment cone undernearth a dome. Big Butt Canyon 06/29/1991 Paul Burger, Jim Nepstad, Stan Allison A narrow canyon near Mystic Lake where Paul had trouble getting his butt through. Big Butt Crawl 12/18/1987 Jim Pisarowicz, John Scheltens, Mary Laycock, Dennis Shreves A narrow crawl where you would not want to have a big butt. Jim had recentely listened to a rap song called the "Big Butt". Big Cheese, The 04/13/1996 Evan Anderson, Hazel Barton, Mark McVey A pit that is actually a vent. Big Dark 05/08/1993 Steven Smith, Bill Hawn, Doug Kent, Evan Anderson Big Fish 04/09/2005 Rod Horrocks, Sara Booth, Duff McCafferty, Eric Kurth A room that spans four parallel fissures that was named because cavers are like fisherman in that they always want to tell about the big one they found. In this case, the big room that a more detailed search proved was already partially surveyed (but unnamed). Big Harrys Place 08/1971 Nelson Kuniansky, Steve Nordstrom, John Scharres A large pit first descended in August, 1971. Big Mac Canyon 10/02/2001 Rod Horrocks, Jeff Dwyer, Melissa Adle, Dixie Hemingway A narrow fissure named after a geode (at UN52) that resembled a McDonald's "Big Mac" sandwich . Big Sky 02/17/1989 Jim Nepstad, Darren Ressler, Bob Kobza, Marc Lamhere A 40 x 60 foot room with a 25-foot ceiling at the top of the Toxic Waste Dump climb. Named after Darren's dream from the week before where he dreamed he had discovered a new entrance that came out in Montana, Big Sky country. Big Sky Room 02/17/1989 Darren Ressler, Jim Nepstad, Bob Kobza, Marc Lamphere A 30-foot diameter room with a 30-foot ceiling. Bile Duct, The 02/10/2001 Dennis Laird, Bruce Albright, Greg Glazner, Stuart Marlat Billies Room 11/06/1965 Bill Pressley Sr., Billy Pressley, Philip Lynch, Tom Keller, John Murphy A 30' x 40' room with thousands of active soda straws discovered during a Colorado Grotto survey trip. Bills T 11/30/1988 Jim Nepstad, Darren Ressler, Bill Rodgers A T junction with leads heading in both directions. Named after the point man, Bill. Billys Room 04/23/1981 Beth Bellman, Todd Cedarholm, Corrin Crawford, Keith Gorges A 12-foot high room at ND8. Binkies Loft 05/17/1991 Mike Paulick, Stan Allison, Jim Nepstad, Bob Kobza Named because Binkie (Mike) found this high overlook into the Club Room. Binkies Room 02/09/1991 Jim Nepstad, Mike Paulick, Bob Kobza, Louise Hose Named after Mike was asked to name the room and he came up with Binkie. This became his nic-name ever after. Bird Cage 09/22/1996 Jim Pisarowicz, Karen Rosga, Darren Ressler, Mary Laycock Birthday Bubble Room 04/12/1991 Stan Allison, Jim Nepstad, Dina Venezky Birthday Cake 01/05/1980 John Scheltens, Dave Springhetti, Mark Stock A flowstone formation. John Scheltens' birthday is 5 January and Dave Springhetti's is 7 January. Bishop Fowler Loop 1891 Alvin McDonald The name "Bishop Fowler" is written into the soft limestone above the passage that goes into this route through the cave. Bishop Fowler was a prominent figure in the Methodist Church. He helped establish the Black Hills College in Hot Springs. Bishop Fowlers Retreat <1901 Named for Bishop Charles Henry Fowler, a prominent figure in the Methodist Church. It is a large room opposite the Cathederal on the Historic Tour route. The name was later changed to "Bishop Fowlers Cathederal" and later shortened to "the Cathedral". The northern half of the room was once known as Capitol Hall. Bishops Gaze <1893 Alvin McDonald? Bismarcks Bake Oven <1893 Alvin McDonald Bison Bone Borehole Coyote Cave Bite, The 04/05/1991 Martha Kubicek, Doiug Pflugh, Tom Shields, T?m Sulser A slim crack going down from GBC5. Bittersweet 07/19/1994 Jim Nepstad, Stan Allison, Bob Kobza A large room (250' x 30' x 50') scooped by Jim Nepstad, Stan Allison, and Bob Kobza after the discoverers of Necessary Evil reported walking through some moonmilk in Blizzard Boulevard. This turned out to be a bypass around the extremely fragile Blizzard Bittersweet Canyon <05/13/1995 A canyon to the north of Bittersweet. Black Arrow Room 09/05/2006 Rod Horrocks, Alexis Brooks, Eric Dodd A carbide or soot arrow was found in the ceiling of this room, which is along the Bishop Fowler Loop. Black Beauty 08/18/1970 Chris Hill, John Scheltens A black helictite. Black Hills Diamonds <06/01/1893 Alvin McDonald Black Lung Room, The 02/10/2001 Dennis Laird, Bruce Albright, Greg Glazner, Stuart Marlat Blackmers Slide 03/07/1905 Alvin McDonald This name was written on the ceiling of this 15-foot long sloping tube. The name is mentioned in Alvin McDonald's diary as being on the Castle Garden Route. Blacksmith Shop 12/29/1890 Alvin McDonald, Professor Nike Blanca Navidad <07/04/1999 Blarney Stone Bleeding Heart 12/1971 John Scheltens, Chris Hill, Andy Flurkey A flowstone deposit which has been stained red by iron minerals. A pool is associated with it. Bleeding Liver 07/1964 Dave Schnute, Herb Conn, Jan Conn An area with red-colored flowstone off of Omnibus Hall. Named, but not surveyed by the Conn's in 1964. Surveyed by Rod Horrocks, Graham Hogg, Rainer Engler, and Dave Fairfield on 8/3/01. Blind Faith 11/23/1991 Stan Allison, Paul Burger, Bob Kobza, Jim Erickson One of the largest rooms in the cave (100' x 200' x 60-foot ceiling). It may be the largest when volume is considered. It has massive flowstone deposits. First entered by Paul, who jumped 15 feet down into the room by the Unclimbable Pit doing the "Leap of Blind Faith". Paul was rescued hours later. Blind Pit 11/25/1988 David Gerboth, Matt Kramar, Mark Wickham Blizzard Boulevard 07/19/1994 Evan Anderson, Bruce Albright, Hazel Barton, Paul Burger A delicate passage with lots of white moonmilk. Bloody Fingers 12/02/1986 Bob Kobza, Jim Pisarowicz Some red streaks on the wall resemble streaks left by bloody fingers. Bloody Hell 07/28/1986 Jim Nepstad, Jim Pisarowicz At this point Jim Nepstad got a bloody nose while mapping this passage. Bloody Nose, The 12/10/1994 Evan Anderson, Doug Kent, Paul Burger Blowhole Entrance 07/1972 Rich Breisch, John Piccininni, Steve Smith Once explored as a separate cave (Blowhole Cave), this entrance to Wind Cave was connected to the main cave on October 27, 1984. It breathes in the fashion of the historic entrance, but about 40% as strong. Also known as the Snake Pit Entrance. Blue Bayou Avenue 07/14/1981 Phil Dodge, Judy Hazen, Pickut W. Kittelson The boxwork in this low, wide room has a blue color to it-similar to the Blue Grotto. Also lots of small, bluish crystals in the ceiling. Blue Diamonds 05/05/1893 Alvin McDonald, John Stabler Blue Grotto 07/03/1891 Alvin McDonald, M.E. Crookam, Willie Crookam, George Lee. On the Candlelight Tour Route, it was named for the bluish, manganese stained boxwork on the walls and ceiling. Blue Grotto Loop A developed trail that extends from the Three-Way Stairs to the Second Crossroads, via Pearly Gates Junction, on the Candlelight Tour Route. Blue Moon Bakery 01/18/1992 Darren Ressler, Michelle Youngquist Named after a bagel bakery in Silverthorne, CO, where caving bagels were born. The room in bagel shaped and has some blue boxwork. Blue Nose Room 08/01/1971 Chris Hill, Nelson Kuniansky, Steve Nordstrom, John Scharres Blue Silk Bowers 05/23/1997 Abby Wines, Jim Pisarowicz, Sarah Billig, Kelly Mathis Bluehose 08/01/1971 Chris Hill, Nelson Kuniansky, Steve Nordstrom, John Scharres Bobs First Dump 05/01/1988 Jim Pisarowicz, Shaun Larson, Darren Ressler, Bob Kobza Named because Bob had to create a "buritto bag" for his first time in a cave at that spot (a buritto bag is a couple of "ziplock" type of bags used to store solid human waste and tolit paper). Bobs Toilet Pit 07/01/1972 Nelson Kuniansky A 90-foot deep pit discovered in July, 1972. On the TP (Tolit Paper) survey. Bochum Station 10/30/2002 Jason Walz, Seth Spoelman, Barry Oost, Jessica Weinman Keeping with the German naming theme in the area, they named this junction after a German researcher's school. Body Grabber 12/30/1971 Chris Hill, Dave Springhetti, Lee Tierney A really tight passage with boxwork that grabs one's clothing as you try to get through. Body Grabber Bypass 04/09/2005 Jason Walz, Peggy Renwick, Sean Foster, Dan Foster A crawlway that bypasses a tight squeeze named the Body Grabber. C Room Date Named By Explanation Cactus Patch 12/09/1987 Bob Kobza, Shaun Larson, Jim Pisarowicz This passage is coated with aragonite frostwork. The sharp needles of the frostwork made the cavers think that they were traveling through a "cactus patch." Cafeteria, The 11/16/1991 Jim Nepstad, Bob Kobza, Stan Allison A room past the Northwest Territories where the survey part stopped to eat lunch after 500 feet of survey. The name was chosen as part of a school theme (They also named the Playground in that area). Cairn Crawls 4/22/1986 Jim Nepstad, Greg Nepstad, Jim Pisarowicz A series of belly crawls marked by small rock cairns. Cairn Room 1962 Alan Howard Named for a stone cairn in the center of the room. Cake Hole 11/13/2004 Amy Bern, Christa Schneider, Joanna Poczobutt, Matt Higgins A small tight hole with fluffy coroded rock that would sink and crumble when touched, reminding them of a Betty Crocker Cake. Cakewalk 03/21/1987 Jim Nepstad, Greg Nepstad, Darren Ressler A easy, large, 200-foot long, walking passage with no rock-rubble. Calcite Bowl <05/8/1987 Calcite Jungle 08/30/1964 Dave Schnute, Herb Conn, Jan Conn Originally the name of an area below Boxwork Chimney found by Schnute and the Conn's, this name is now loosely applied to all lower level passages. The name refers to the thick calcite coatings common to the lower level two dimensional mazes in Wind Cave. Resurveyed by Don Coons and Andy Flurkey on 07/14/1973. Calcite Lake 12/18/1968 ? This lake, discovered by Herb Conn and Dave Schnute, was originally simply called the "Lake" by them. It is known for its abundance of calcite rafts ("calcite ice") which precipitate on its surface. This was the first large lake discovered in the cave. Camel 08/25/1979 John Scheltens, Mike Wiles A rock in the floor of this passage has the appearance of the head of a camel. Camels Back <01/1891 Alvin McDonald blasted through this feature when creating the trail. Campaign Trail, The 11/11/2000 Evan Anderson, Derek Wolfe, Shawn Kramer Named while the 2000 presidential election tie-up was going on in Florida. This walking passage wasn't expected to go far, but it did. Campfire Room <01/25/1989 Can't Touch This 07/28/1990 Stan Allison, Paul Burger, Brad Stephenson A crawl with loose and precarious blocks of chert hanging from the ceiling. Named by Stan. Canal Zone 1978 Janice Hodgkinson, Sue Mooney, Mike Pautiati, Jack Throssell. A series of crawlways laid out like the canals of Venice. Candle Platform <10/7/1984 Located between the Cataract Room and Boot Heel. Candlelight Tour The route where Candlelight Tours are currently given between the Badlands and the Three Way Stairs. Also known as the Pearly Gates Route. Candy Causeway 07/??/1972 Windy City Grotto Candy Store Window 01/09/1993 Aaron Macan, Randy Macan, David Coles, Becky Ward A dig and small window, through with one can see into a going passage. Can't Touch This 07/28/1990 Stan Allison, Paul Burger, Brad Stephenson A crawl with loose and precarious blocks of chert hanging from the ceiling. Named by Stan. Canyon Lands 07/01/1981 Phil Dodge, Tom Sheehan, Mike Laycock, Mary Laycock Canyon, The 11/16/1991 Jim Nepstad, Stan Allison, Bob Kobza A large 25-foot high canyon. Capitol Dome 01/05/1980 John Scheltens, Dave Springhetti, Mark Stock A dome shaped flowstone formation, 2 feet high by 3 feet wide. Capitol Hall <1901 Large room on the Historic Tour route that includes what is now called Bishop Fowler's Retreat and the Cathedral. Capitol, The 05/17/1984 Jim Pisarowicz, Mike Babbitt, Warren Netherton This upper level dome looks like the capitol dome. Carbonate City 02/20/2007 Jason Walz, Nick Smith, Tom Diemer Named after a ghost town near Spearfish. Carpel Tunnel, The 02/10/2001 Dennis Laird, Bruce Albright, Greg Glazner, Stuart Marlat Carriers Roost 03/29/1892 Dennis Laird, Bruce Albright, Greg Glazner, Stuart Marlat Carrot Crawl 11/14/1992 Dave Lester, Randy Brown, Kirk Haley Castle Garden 01/12/1891 Alvin McDonald, Elmer McDonald, Melvin Moore A large room with bluish coloration. Castle Garden Crevice <1902 The fissure passage between Castle Garden and the Blue Grotto. Castle Paleostone 11/17/1990 Ted Lappin, Ed LaRock, Mike Behn A play on the kids action figurines Masters of the Universe that lived in Castle Greystone. Catacombs 07/23/1891 Alvin McDonald, C.F. McBride, Charles Holmes An extensive but dreary area on the Candlelight Tour Route. Cataract Room <1889 A pile of breakdown in this room resembles a cataract. Early explorers theorized that the great "Wind River" once flowed through this room, forming a great Cataract. Surveyed by Kathy Bogan, John Easby, Jim Lesh, & Steve Lonis on 05/01/1980. Cataract Route <01/1891 Alvin McDonald The route that leads from the Post Office to the Cataract Room. Cathedral 07/04/1891 Dr. Hancher This large room with abundant boxwork has been said to look like a "cathedral" or a "church". It is the southern half of what used to be known as Capitol Hall. Cathedral Dome <1901 A dome on the Garden of Eden Tour. Catholic Church 01/22/1893 A.F. McDonald, Saura V. Smith, Mary McDonald, Fred Darlington Cats Whiskers Catwalk 03/12/2005 Jason Walz, Peggy Renwick, Chris Amidon A 120-foot long fissure passage separated from a lower passage by a thin false floor. It was a catwalk for the surveyors to traverse along the edge of the upper passage without breaking the floor. Caught Crotch Climb 11/20/1987 Jim Pisarowicz, Shaun Larson, Darren Ressler, Karen Rosga On trying to climb down this pit Karen Rosga got her coveralls caught on a small protuberance. When she tried to turn around she discovered that she could go neither up nor down. Everyone on the trip (save Karen) had decided to call the pit Caught Crotch. Cave City 04/22/1986 Jim Nepstad, Greg Nepstad, Jim Pisarowicz Following a series of tight, sharp crawls, Jim Pisarowicz popped into this large upper level room with many leads going all over the place. Cave Coral Crawl 07/13/1991 Kevin Smith, Kirk Haley, Ken Hendrick Celebration Room 04/18/1981 John Scheltens, Mark Stock, Andy Flurkey, Ron Frost Centennial Gallery 07/03/1891 Alvin McDonald, M.E. Crookam, Willie Crookam, George Lee A high fissure passage on the Candlelight Tour Route with large bluish boxwork. Center Dome 1893 Alvin McDonald Centurion Gardens 08/08/1972 Alvin McLane, Scott Brougham, Ted Self Ceptic Tank 09/18/2002 Jason Walz, Bastian Schulte, Chris Amidon A low, dead end passage entered from a very tight hole off of the Chamber Pot Room. Cereal Bowl <04/30/1983 Greg Wright, Jerry Rupert, Jane Harvey, Jim Cummings Named during a N.O.L.S. expedition. Chamber D' Moore <1893 Alvin McDonald Chamber D' Quint <1893 Alvin McDonald D Room Date Named By Explanation D.A.R. Da-Ooh-Ahhh Room 08/02/1972 John Scheltens, Dave Springhetti, William Frith A 40-foot high passage. Dago Misery 03/29/1892 Alvin McDonald, Ernest Knight, William Ranger Daisys Grotto <1893 Alvin McDonald Dangaroos Crossing 12/20/1997 Myk Coughlin, Mike Wiles, Stan Allison A loose, exposed climb requiring a hand-line to traverse. Named because of a tourist question about the "Bison are Dangerous" sign along Highway 385. Dannys Crawl 04/20/1981 Liz Chapman, Cory Crowford, Steve Matson, Kathy Raymond A long tube crawl originally done by a NOLS student by the name of Danny. Dantes Inferno 07/29/1891 Alvin McDonald, A.C. McBride A dark-colored room with a pit in the floor. Dark Room <1893 Alvin McDonald Dark Wing Duck Area 11/11/1992 Dave Lester, Randy Brown, Kirk Haley Darrens Democratic Discovery 03/18/1987 Jim Nepstad, Darren Ressler This tight lead was found by Darren Ressler while waiting for Jim Nepstad to return from doing a climb. There was a breeze blowing through the hole and when Jim returned he said to Darren, "I vote you to do it!" From this "group decision" the name evolved. Daves Room 12/27/1980 John Scheltens, Mike Wiles, Dave Springhetti Dead Bones Drop 12/04/2007 Jason Walz, Larry Shaffer, Andrew Pavek, Nick Swanson The surveyors found an 8-foot climbdown into a 18-foot diameter room on the northern edge of the cave that had bat bones on the floor, thus the name. Dead End 12/13/1980 John Scheltens, Dave Springhetti, Mike Wiles A dead end side lead in the Silent Expressway area. Dead Sea Stroll 07/10/1993 Evan Anderson, Bill Hawn, Steve Smith, Thane Moyes There were many fossils: brachiopods, crinoids stems, gastropods, and tube worms. This was a play on words "Dead Sea Scrolls". Deans Dressing Room 02/24/2001 Marc Ohms, Matt Reece Death Valley 05/22/1990 Jim Pisarowicz, Karen Rosga At the time of this trip (their honeymoon) Jim and Karen were working at Death Valley in California. Deep Confusion 12/15/1979 Andy Flurkey, Norm Pace, John Scheltens A term coined by Norm Pace for this part of the cave because it is so far into the cave that there is "deep confusion" about how to get back out. Deep Dish 04/03/1999 Marc Ohms, Rene Rogers, Mike Wiles A 20-foot deep pit off of Pizza Hut. Deep Pit <1893 Alvin McDonald Deep Sea Transvestite 01/14/2001 Evan Anderson, Stephen Lester, Pat Robertson, Stephanie Haterlie Deep Throat 07/14/1987 Jim Nepstad, Greg Nepstad, Jim Pisarowicz A vertical pit that looked as if you are looking down someone's throat. Degree of Honor Hall <1898 An area with a chert ceiling that has a rock that resembles the head of a sheep. Also known as the Sheeps Head. Delicate Arch Passage 09/05/2006 Rod Horrocks, Alexis Brooks, Eric Dodd This passage was named after a pendant that looks like the "Delicate Arch" in Arches National Park. Delsarte Temple <1901 Delta, The 01/19/1991 Jim Nepstad, Bob Kobza, Stan Allison A flat area near the Headwaters, where a stream once pounded. Delusions of Grandeur 12/07/1991 Jim Nepstad, Stan Allison, Paul Burger, Dawn Reed A small area accessed by a passage from Gypsy Road. Depths of Ignorance <1893 Alvin McDonald Der Biergarten 02/07/2006 Jason Walz, Eric Grunward, Andre Baumeister Named by Andre after his native tongue, German. Destiny Climb 02/09/1991 Pat Seiser, Vi Schweiker, Jim Clark, Bob Stuckland Devenports Den 07/12/1973 Andy Flurkey, Rick Banning Devils Key Hole <1901 Devils Lookout 06/05/1884 L.C. Faris, Frank Halden, Charlie Roe A 35-foot high fissure. Before electric lights one could not see into the ceiling of this chamber. It was often said that the Devil was watching people from the top of this passage. This was the extent of exploration in the cave until 1890 when Alvin Mc Donald began his explorations. Devils Pot Hole 02/04/1891 Alvin McDonald Devils Pot Hook 02/04/1891 Alvin McDonald Devils Punch Bowl <1898 A large rock with a depression and a hole in it. This was deemed appropriate for a SD punchbowl, since SD was a probation state. Located at the top of the stairs in the Bachelors Quarters. Deweys Place Diamond Field of S. Africa <1901 Diamond Mine 07/05/1891 Alvin McDonald, M. E. Crookam, Fred McBride Die Passage <12/12/1992 The DIE survey with stands for "Damn it Ends". Dinning Room <03/1891 Alvin McDonald? Dinosaur Bone 05/26/1991 Paul Burger, Stan Allison, Dina Venezky, Bob Younger The surveyors found a chert nodule that resembled a dinosaur bone to them. Dinosaur Delight 03/09/1996 Dave Lester, Rich Wolfert, Emma Rainforth, Bob Stucklin Dinosaur Room Disappointment Chamber 03/01/1983 Todd Collet, Andy Harley, Merl Ness, Ted Stouks Exploration along Expectation Trail towards the Snake Pit Entrance (Blowhole) was halted in this area by deadends. degenerated into a dog pound full of dogs with lots of "tail wagging" and Disappointment Pit Divide, The <1893 Alvin McDonald Diving Board 04/10/1993 Max Mazur, John Coyne III, Mike Mazur A wall pendant that sticks out over a pit. Do-Drop-In Pit 08/10/1991 Kevin Smith, Steve Smith, Ken Hendrick, Josh Williams Dock, The <1893 Alvin McDonald Dog Pound 06/03/1984 Jim Pisarowicz, Mitchel Frey, Warren Netherton, Karen Rosga Before this trip, Warren Netherton made the comment that everyone was as excited to go surveying as a pack of wolves with lots of "tail wagging". Dogtooth Room 1971? John Scheletens, Mark Stock?, Kurt Johnson DOH Room 12/12/1992 Stan Allison, Mike Wiles, Myk Coughlin "Doh" is an expletive used by Homer Simpson in the animated TV show the Simpsons. Dome Nogo 010/12/2002 Jason Walz, Mike Wiles, Noah Daniels A small dome that didn't go. Domey Way 7/20/1985 Jim Nepstad, Jim Pisarowicz, Glen Raleigh A passage with many ceiling domes. Donkey, The 12/28/2002 Evan Anderson, Derek Wolfe, Stephanie Juth, Matt Juth Stephanie thought that a rock at this station looked like a donkey. Dons Disappointment Pit 1971 Don Coons, ? A series of dead end pits are located in this area discovered in 1971. Don Coons, the survey team leader, was disappointed that none of them led to new discoveries. Dookular Waste Site 03/24/2007 Jason Walz, Daryl Stisser, Cheryl Mayer Human waste was found in this room near Base Camp 2. It is a small pile with paper that is covered by rocks and mold. Door #3 Pit 07/16/1987 Jim Pisarowicz, Karen Rosga Fifty-foot pit requiring a rope to descend. Who ever knows what's behind door #1, door #2, or door #3? Doorway to Delights 05/03/2005 Chris Amidon, Ajax B. Dalman A passage that led to some very tight passages beyond. Double Crisp Passage 11/27/1999 Rod Horrocks, Brad Oen, Marc Ohms Discovered by the survey party on 11/27/1999. It is a beautiful gypsum passage named after they found two silver dollar sized loose gypsum snowflakes in the middle of the passage. Double D Pit 05/08/1999 Rod Horrocks, Kyle Voylis, Heidi Melville, Erik Freeman Two D size flashlight batteries were found at the bottom of this 30-foot deep, 5 foot diameter pit, giving the surveyors this idea for a name. Doughnut Hole 04/10/1993 Bryan Smith, Steve Posey A tight squeeze at CQA12. Doughnut Room <07/27/1984 Also Known as the Chinese Mushroom. Doughnut Shop Draculum, Room 02/19/1891 Alvin McDonald, J.M. Moore The words "Room Draculum" are smoked in the ceiling of this room. The room was originally called Wind River Circle but this was changed to Wind River Chamber. Dragon Eyes Scramble 04/05/1991 Martha Kubicek, Doiug Pflugh, Tom Shields, T?m Sulser Dragon Room 1962 Alan Howard, Herb Conn, Jan Conn Surveyed by Herb and Jan Conn. Dragons Lair 04/11/1992 Dave Lester, Rich Wolfert, Bryan Smith, Bob Stucklen Dreamland 02/21/1987 Jim Nepstad, Greg Nepstad, Darren Ressler The night before this trip both Jim Nepstad and Darren Ressler dreamed that they were going to discover a large new area of the cave, and they did. Dreams Dressing Room 02/24/2001 Matt Reece, Marc Ohms Named after the all-girl teen rock band Dream, Keeping with the teen pop-star theme of the area. Dreamsicle Room 03/04/2000 Rod Horrocks, Joe Oliphant, John Citta, Marc Pedersen A small room discovered by the survey party that has dozens of 1 1/2 foot long, creamy white, stalactites and soda straws. Drip Drop Chamber 07/06/1974 Tom Miller, Mike Brinkmeyer, Cindy Brome, Janine LeRoy A room with flowstone and dripping water. Drip Drop Room 12/11/1981 J. Hazzen, Mary Laycock, Mike Laycock A very wet and drippy room. Dripping Springs, The 08/03/1974 Bill Holmes, Les Talbot, Phil Dodge, ? Dripstone Delight 05/13/2000 John Scheltens, Ed LaRock, Mike Behn A four-foot high upper-level passage with beautiful 3 to 4-feet long stalactites. Also columns, sodastraws and stalagmites. Drool Room 02/11/1984 John Scheltens, Andy Flurkey, Ed LaRock, Eric Liebes A wet drippy room. Dry Oasis 11/22/1991 Doug Pflugh, Kreg Hamburge, Tom Shelby A small breakdown chamber with a few dry desicated soda straws and flowstone. DTD Room 04/20/1981 Jeff Kleaveland, Mike Poutiantine, Brad Throssell Duncan Room 01/05/1991 Steve Baldwin, Devin Hachmeiste, Sarge Preston In 1989, during the search for a lost N.O.L.S. caver in Wind Cave, the park received a call from a psychic saying that the lost person would be found in a room named Duncan. In fact, when the lost person was located she was found in an area of the cave that hadn't been named. Steve then named the room Duncan Room, "thus confirming the psychic prediction". Dungeon, The <1893 Alvin McDonald Dusty Bottoms 01/18/2005 Rod Horrocks, Alexis Brooks, Ari Juhala, Amny Juhala The point person got a "dusty bottom" when checking out the upper portion of this room, which was located in the upper middle level and covered with paleofill. Dusty Trail 10/08/1980 Tom Miller, John Scheltens, Pete Shiflett, Mike Wiles Named for the deep, powdery dust on the floor in this area. Dutch Misery 03/29/1892 Alvin McDonald, Ernest A. Knight, William Ranger Dutch Oven <1893 Alvin McDonald? Dynamite Stope 02/09/2008 Rod Horrocks, Roger Harris, Duff McCafferty This 19'+ high chimney was entirely excavated out of paleofill in the early 1930's, possibly during a search to locate a place to put an elevator in the cave. Two sticks of dynamite were found abondoned on a ledge near the bottom of this stope. It is located in the same general area as Plummers Pit, Dynamite Stope, and Two Cent Stope, all of which were also excavated by the same group. E Room Date Named By Explanation E.F.C.A. Temple <06/01/1893 Alvin McDonald Eagle On the Pearly Gates Route. Ear Canal, The 03/09/2002 James Wilson, Marjori Johnson, Howard Bartlett The discovers of this small pit felt like they were dropping into an ear canal, based on its shape. Located in the Knee Bone Room area. Early Bird Room Earwax Corridor 12/28/2002 Evan Anderson, Derek Wolfe, Stephanie Juth, Matt Juth As the cavers crawled through this crawl, corrosion residue rained down on them. The name was coined when Matt started complaining about a piece of dirt rattling around in his eardrum. East Branch 04/08/1892 Evan McDonald, Mary McDonald, George Stabler, Minnie Stabler Easter Basket 4/16/1993 Robert Phillips, Steve Smith, Steve Lester This was an area with lots of frostwork and white wall coatings that was found on a Easter Weekend. Easter Frost 4/14/2001 Jeff Goben, Carl Bern, Greg Springer A passage with a whole lot of frostwork that was found the day before Easter. Eastern Star Room 06/13/1891 Alvin McDonald Named for the Eastern Star group who held a meeting in the cave in this area. Originally called Five Points by Alvin McDonald because of the five leads heading off of the room. Ebonite Passage 05/12/1991 Dave Lester, Bill Hawn, Bob Phillips, Vern Carlson, An area with little black crystals ranging from very small up to 1/2" long. Exits on the HN survey on the Lakes Route. Echo Falls 11/28/2001 Rod Horrocks, Chris Ingebretsen An echoing room that has a 7-foot high flowstone-covered ledge (the falls). Editors Sanctum <1893 Alvin McDonald Discovered in 1893 by Alvin McDonald and surveyed by Rod Horrocks, Ed Schenk, Belinda Fox, and Todd Brink on 07/07/2000. The words "Editors Sanctum NT" were found written in 19th century script in pencil in the ceiling of this small room. Eds Alley 04/13/1985 Andy Flurkey, John Scheltens, Ed LaRock, Rich Sloan An eight-foot high passage found by Ed LaRock. Eds Bad Lunch Room 02/06/1982 John Scheltens, Ed LaRock, Eric Liebes An eight-foot high passage found by Ed LaRock. Eds Big Room 02/11/1984 Ed LaRock, John Scheltens, Eric Liebes, Andy Flurkey A low-ceilinged room. Egg Hatchery 1973 Lester Lewis, Dave Springhetti, Mark Stock Named for the geodes found in the walls and ceiling of this area. These geodes look like eggs stuck in the walls of the cave. Egg Shell Room 1974 NPS Rangers Named after some egg shell fragments left by earlier explorers of this room. Eiberts Dome 12/22/2007 Rod Horrocks, Roger Harris The surveyors of this 19-foot high dome room found a signature from an Eibert near this dome. El Discusto Crawl 09/01/1980 John Scheltens, Dave Springhetti A miserable crawl. Named after Mark Stock's habit of smoking some nasty smelling cigars that John and Dave called, "El Discustos". El Poop-O 11/03/1986 Jim Pisarowicz, Bob Kobza This tight hole had a strong wind blowing through it and even though Jim Pisarowicz had removed his clothes he could still not get through. The name represents the frustration of the explorers. Elbow Room 07/14/1976 Phil Dodge, Don Frankfort, Bob Huber, Jim Palmer Just past the Armpit. Elbow, The 05/02/1890 E.L. McDonald Elephant Hall Alvin McDonald? A large feature that resembles an elephant led to this name. This lower level cave is reached from the Grand Canyon. Elephant Stream 07/17/1989 Darren Ressler, Stacy Smyth, Brad Stephenson, Michelle Youngquist A passage with sediment formed into swirling patterns by running water. There were 5-inch gypsum starbursts too. Elephant Stuff 07/17/1989 Darren Ressler, Stacy Smyth, Brad Stephenson, Michelle Youngquist A 25-foot tall fissure passage underneath the Elephant Trunk. The ES survey. Elephant Trunk John Scheltens, Mike Wiles A huge trunk passage 40-feet wide, 30-feet high and over 800-feet long. Named for its size, it is one of the largest lower level passages known in the cave. Elks Resort Elks Room 06/06/1976 Carla Knapp, Janine LeRoy, Sandy Simon, Chuck Ward A projection coming up from the floor of this room resembles an elk's head. A slab of rock that was 3 1/2 feet high, 4" thick, and 2 feet wide was struck with the palm of the hand in on early tours. This was known as the "Elks Empty Barrel". Room also known as "Elks Hall." Elronds Hall 07/01/1981 Phil Dodge, Tom Sheehan, Mary Laycock, Mike Laycock A 24-foot high passage. The ceiling looks like calcite jungle area. Emperor Maximus I 08/01/1970 Chris Hill This HUGE helictite bush has been described as "the ruler of all helictite bushes". The total height of the bush is six feet, however, the whole thing can't be viewed at once. EMT Hall 11/17/1990 Ed LaRock, Mike Behn, Ted Lappin A large room in the STP Speedway area. The discovers thought if you had a speedway, you would need an Emergency Medical Technicians (EMT's) for the wrecks. EMT is also the first letter of each of the discovers names. ENT Forest, The 11/18/1989 Ed LaRock, Alan Williams, Larry Richards, Mike Behn A group of stalagmites consisting of densely intergrown black helictites. Epiglottus, The 07/11/1992 Dave Lester, Steve Lester, Kevin Smith, Becky Ward, Linda Gentile Epworth League Pavilion <1923 ES Stream 07/17/1989 Darren Ressler, Michelle Youngquist, Stacy Smyth, Brad Stephenson Evidence in sediment of a former stream. Just off of the Elephant Trunk, thus named Elephant Stuff Stream. Escape Route 1934 A service trail between the Eastern Star Room and the lower elevator landing. Constructed by the Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC) in 1934. Escape Stairs A fissure with a steep set of stairs that led from the Assembly Room up to the Garden of Eden Route. These stairs are used when the Elevator is not working. Originally known as "Cliff Climbers Delight" by Alvin McDonald. Eughx! 10/24/1992 Stan Allison, Harry Burgess, Mike Wiles, Myk Coughlin Tight crawl leading to Cosmos. Evans Little Lake 01/14/1994 Steve Lester, Doug Kent, Evan Anderson, Lee Blazek Evans Plunge 10/22/1986 Jim Pisarowicz, Bob Kobza Small lake just beyond Lake Land and named after the explorers favorite haunt after a long caving trip (especially the hot tubs). Evans Plunge resort was giving the explorers free admittance at the time and an article was put in the local newspaper about the discovery. Ever Ending Room 4/14/2001 Rod Horrocks, Dave Shurtz, Ryan Shurtz, Jordan Shurtz Every lead checked off this room ended or connected with known survey, thus the name. Evil Breakdown Choke 07/13/2002