Mr. Murphy gets handshakes and polite applause. Mr. Grayson gets roaring cheers and hugs. At a convention of College Democrats, Mr. Grayson talked about the high cost of his daughter’s tuition. Mr. Murphy looks like a College Democrat.

As in much of the country, the tumultuous, tempestuous political atmosphere in Florida seems in many ways at odds with the state’s rising economy and warm, sunny climate. In every region of the state, Florida’s economic recovery has outpaced that of the rest of the nation, according to a report last month by the University of Central Florida’s Institute for Economic Competitiveness.

Home sales and housing prices are up, as is the orange crop by two million boxes, and a record 105 million tourists visited in 2015. Unemployment is down to 5 percent from a high of 11.2 percent in January 2010, the year Mr. Rubio won his Senate seat as a star of the Tea Party. Since the last congressional election, in 2014, the population has surged to more than 20 million, propelled in part by a torrent of baby boomer retirees arriving from the north, and surpassing New York as the third-largest state. A wave of immigrants has also surged in the state, but unlike in many places, harsh anti-immigrant rhetoric often falls flat.

Still, there are lingering pains of the recession. More than 17 percent of home-mortgage holders still owe more than their homes are worth — second only to Nevada, underscoring the continuing economic insecurity expressed by voters here and throughout the country.

The Senate race in Florida has been heavily overshadowed by the presidential race, even though it was Mr. Rubio’s loss to Donald J. Trump in the primary here last month that ended his campaign.

In the Senate race, the Republican field is perhaps even more unsettled, and includes some of the dynamics of the presidential contest. It includes two members of Congress, Representatives David Jolly and Ron DeSantis; the lieutenant governor, Carlos Lopez-Cantera; and two wealthy businessmen, Carlos Beruff and Todd Wilcox.