This provision is two-pronged. It is not only an express grant of such supervisory authority to the President, but it also sets the limit of the extent that the central government, acting through the President, can meddle with local governments. In Bito-onon vs. Judge Yap-Fernandez (GR Number 139813, January 31, 2001), the Supreme Court defined the President’s power of supervision only to mean “the power of a superior officer to see to it that lower officers perform their functions in accordance with law.”