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This week, China urged Russia and the United States to slash their nuclear arms. Top Chinese official Cheng Jingye told a meeting in Vienna, “As countries with [the] largest nuclear arsenals, the U.S. and Russia should continue to make drastic reductions in their nuclear arsenals in a verifiable and irreversible manner.”

But one of the problems with arms reduction talks is that secrecy makes it difficult to know with any certainty how many missiles and warheads individual countries have. In three weeks, NATO allies meet in Chicago with one topic on the agenda being nuclear weapons and their reduction. However, as the Federation of American Scientists pointed out this week, “since Russia, the United States and NATO cloak their non-strategic nuclear forces in a veil of outdated and unnecessary secrecy, new initiatives are needed to increase transparency of such forces.”

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So trying to catalogue the nuclear warheads in the world is an almost impossible challenge. Secrecy aside, every country has different ways of tallying their arsenals (a weapon may be listed as decommissioned and not tallied, but could be made viable again.)