Australia's reliance on temporary visas has created millions of migrants with no stake in the country's future, Opposition home affairs spokeswoman Kristina Keneally will warn on Thursday night, saying the nation is risking a new and damaging form of social and economic exclusion.

In her first major policy speech since taking over the shadow portfolio, Senator Keneally will declare Australia is changing from a nation built by permanent migrants to an economy relying on temporary visas.

Home affairs spokeswoman Kristina Keneally says temporary visas have soared under the Coalition government. Credit:Alex Ellinghausen

With the more than two million temporary migrants having "no stake and no say in the future of our country", Senator Keneally will warn there are serious risks for how Australia defends against, and recovers from, national disasters such as bushfires.

Senator Keneally will also warn people smugglers have updated their business model from boats to airplane arrivals, with the 100,000 people who have claimed asylum after arriving a plane in the last six years driven by "criminal people smuggling syndicates now running a work scam".