LONDON — Prime Minister Boris Johnson called on Monday for the wife of an American diplomat involved in a crash that killed a teenager to return to Britain, saying he would ask President Trump to intervene if the impasse was not resolved through diplomatic channels.

Mr. Johnson’s statement — in which he also disclosed the woman’s identity — aggravated tensions in a trans-Atlantic relationship that started fraying after Mr. Trump feuded publicly with other British officials and denounced Britain’s ambassador to Washington, forcing him to give up his post.

“I do not think that it can be right to use the process of diplomatic immunity for this type of purpose,” Mr. Johnson said in an interview with the BBC on Monday, “and I hope that Anne Sacoolas will come back and will engage properly with the processes of laws that carried out in this country.”

Mr. Johnson added that, if necessary, he would raise the issue “personally with the White House.”

[Update: U.S. refuses extradition in fatal crash, prompting anger in the U.K.]