WASHINGTON — Just as a rapidly spreading impeachment investigation has riveted attention on whether President Trump tried to pressure a foreign ally to bolster his 2020 campaign, a criminal trial set to open in Washington is refocusing attention on the last presidential election, and Russia’s interference in it.

The trial of Roger J. Stone Jr., a former Trump campaign adviser and longtime friend of the president, will begin Tuesday morning with jury selection in the federal courthouse for the District of Columbia. The case is one of the last outstanding criminal prosecutions stemming from the nearly two-year inquiry by the special counsel, Robert S. Mueller III, that ended in the spring.

Mr. Stone, one of a half-dozen former Trump aides who were indicted, faces charges that he lied to Congress, obstructed justice and tried to tamper with a witness.

The trial, expected to last about two weeks, may be lively. A swashbuckling and abrasive political trickster for decades, Mr. Stone, 67, has been repeatedly rebuked for flouting the prohibitions on pretrial publicity set by Judge Amy Berman Jackson, who is overseeing the case. At one point, she complained that trying to govern Mr. Stone’s behavior was like supervising a middle schooler.