Former ExxonMobil chief Rex Tillerson, President Trump’s pick to be secretary of state, cleared a key hurdle on Capitol Hill Monday night, as Senate Republicans easily mustered the majority needed to head off a Democratic filibuster and pave the way for his confirmation later this week.

In a 56-43 vote, Republicans picked up three Democratic votes to pierce the minority’s hoped-for united front against Mr. Trump’s unconventional nominee: Sens. Joe Manchin of West Virginia, Heidi Heitkamp of North Dakota and Mark Warner of Virginia, all of whom face re-election in 2018. Democratic-leaning independent Sen. Angus King of Maine also voted to advance Mr. Tillerson’s nomination.

The procedural vote sets in motion what is supposed to be 30-hour Senate floor debate on the 64-year-old Mr. Tillerson. But the debate is expected to be dominated by arguments over Mr. Trump’s temporary ban of all refugees entering the U.S. and temporary hold on visas to citizens from seven Muslim-majority countries.

Before the vote to begin debate on Mr. Tillerson, Republicans turned back a quick-strike effort by Senate Democrats to revoke the “extreme vetting” executive order that Mr. Trump signed Friday.

Sen. Dianne Feinstein, California Democrat, tried to force an immediate vote on Mr. Trump’s immigration and visa curbs, but was stymied by GOP objections, although Democrats vowed the fight is just beginning.

“President Trump’s Muslim ban is unnecessary, it’s unconstitutional and it’s un-American,” Mrs. Feinstein said. “We won’t stand for these types of actions.”

Republicans, who hold a 52-vote majority in the Senate, are expected to push through his confirmation with a vote by the end of the day Wednesday.

The Senate Foreign Relations Committee voted 11-10 along party lines to advance Mr. Tillerson, but not before leading GOP lawmakers such as Sens. Marco Rubio and John McCain, expressed concerns about Mr. Tillerson’s — and President Trump’s — history of cordial relations with Russia and President Vladimir Putin.

During his nomination hearing, lawmakers on both sides pressed Mr. Tillerson about close relationships he built with high-level Russian officials as head of ExxonMobil — he was CEO from 2006 through 2016 — and the extent to which those relationships may influence his view of economic sanctions designed to contain Moscow’s meddling in Ukraine.

Mr. Tillerson questioned the use of economic penalties as a foreign policy tool, but he also condemned suspected interference by Russia in the U.S. presidential election, and said he believed Moscow’s 2014 annexation of Ukraine’s Crimean Peninsula was illegal.

He was also pressed on his record on climate change and raised eyebrows during his testimony with hawkish remarks criticizing China’s aggressive sovereignty claims in the South China Sea.

If confirmed, however, one of Mr. Tillerson’s first priorities will be implementing parts of Mr. Trump’s refugee and visa ban, one that many lower-level State Department officials and Foreign Service officers are reportedly condemning as misguided.

Mr. Trump executive order has halted all refugee access to the U.S. for 120 days and Syrian refugee access indefinitely. It also blocks visas from being issued to people from Iran, Iraq, Yemen, Somalia, Libya, Syria and Sudan — seven of the world’s more than 40 majority Muslim nations — for a minimum of 90 days.

Mr. Tillerson was non-committal on the immigration changes coming under the new administration, voicing apprehension over Mr. Trump’s campaign trail call for a ban on “all Muslims” entering the U.S., but also saying he might be open to the creation of some kind of registry of Muslims living in the country.

— Stephen Dinan contributed to this article.

Sign up for Daily Newsletters Manage Newsletters

Copyright © 2020 The Washington Times, LLC. Click here for reprint permission.