We Have Not Been Moved:

Resisting Racism and Militarism in 21st Century America

Ultimately, there can be no peace without justice, and no justice without peace. The two great moral issues of our time, peace and human rights, are so closely related that we can say that they are one and the same.

—Coretta Scott King, Madison Square Garden Anti-War Rally, June 8, 1965

A true revolution of values will soon look uneasily on the glaring contrast of poverty and wealth...A true revolution of values will lay hands on the world order and say of war: “This way of settling differences is not just.” ...A genuine revolution of values means in the final analysis that our loyalties must become ecumenical rather than sectional. Every nation must now develop an overriding loyalty to mankind as a whole in order to preserve the best in their individual societies. This call for a world-wide fellowship that lifts neighborly concern beyond one’s tribe, race, class and nation is in reality a call for an all-embracing and unconditional love.

—Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., “Beyond Vietnam” (1967)

CONTENTS

Foreword: King’s Truth: Revolution and America’s Crossroads xv

Cornel West

Resisting Racism and War: An Introduction; or, What Will It Take to Move Forward? 1

Matt Meyer, Elizabeth “Betita” Martínez, and Mandy Carter

How the Moon Became a Stranger: 11

Chrystos

By Any Means Necessary: Two Images 14

Carrie Mae Weems

I. Connections, Contexts, and Challenges

Helping Hands 19

Karl Bissinger

Wild Poppies 20

Marilyn Buck

Are Pacifists Willing to Be Negroes? A 1950s Dialogue on Fighting Racism and Militarism, Using Nonviolence and Armed Struggle 21

Dave Dellinger, Robert Franklin Williams, Rev. Dr. Martin

Luther King Jr., and Dorothy Day

Revolutionary Democracy: A Speech Against the Vietnam War 34

Bayard Rustin

Southern Peace Walk: Two Issues or One? 38

Barbara Deming

Nonviolence and Radical Social Change 48

Barbara Deming

On Revolution and Equilibrium (Excerpt) 50

Barbara Deming

Responsible Pacifism and the Puerto Rican Conflict 52

Ruth M. Reynolds

Where Was the Color in Seattle? Looking for Reasons Why the Great Battle Was So White 55

Elizabeth “Betita” Martínez

Looking for Color in the Anti-War Movement 61

Elizabeth “Betita” Martínez

Combating Oppression Inside and Outside 74

Elizabeth “Betita” Martínez

II. (Re)Defining Racism and Militarism: What Qualifies? Who Decides?

Continental Walk, 1976—Washington, D.C. 81

Janet Charles

river of a different truth 82

Liz Roberts

Nonviolent Change of Revolutionary Depth: A Conversation with 84

Vincent Harding

Regaining a Moral Compass: The Ongoing Truth of King’s Vision 92

Elizabeth McAlister

Four Vignettes on the Road of the Broken Rifle: Reflections on War and Resistance 93

Ibrahim Abdil-Mu’id Ramey

Questioning Our Reality 97

Alejandra Cecilia Tobar Alatriz

Finding the Other America 99

Anne Braden

On Being a Good Anti-Racist Ally 102

Ted Glick

The Culture of White Privilege Is to Remain Silent 104

Liz Walz

Towards a Radical White Identity 110

Susan B. Goldberg and Cameron Levin

Weaving Narratives: The Construction of Whiteness 119

Dean Johnson

The Pan-Africanization of Black Power: True History, Coalition-Building, and the All-African People’s Revolutionary Party: An Interview with Bob Brown, Organizer for the All-

African People’s Revolutionary Party (GC) 137

Matt Meyer and Dan Berger

Rescuing Civil Rights from Black Power: Collective Memory and Saving the State in Twenty-First-Century Prosecutions of 1960s-Era Cases 148

Dan Berger

The Unacceptability of Truth: Of National Lies and Racial America 165

Tim Wise

Race, History, and “A Nation of Cowards” 167

Bill Fletcher Jr.

III. Chickens and Eggs: War, Race, and Class

Amache: Japanese-American Relocation Center, 1942–1945—Post Office 171

Mary Jane Sullivan

Amache 172

Mary Jane Sullivan

The Antiwar Campaign: More on Force without Violence 175

Dave Dellinger

Let’s Talk about Green Beans: An Interview with Dorothy Cotton 182

Matt Meyer and Iris Marie Bloom

I Beg to Differ 186

Ellen Barfield

Militarism and Racism: A Connection? 188

David McReynolds

Looking at the White Working Class Historically 191

David Gilbert

Chinweizu, War, and Reparations 211

Dr. Conrad W. Worrill

On Being White and Other Lies: A History of Racism in the United States 214

Mab Segrest

Race, Prisons, and War: Scenes from the History of U.S. Violence 226

Ruth Wilson Gilmore

IV. The Roots and Routes of War: Patriarchy and Heterosexism

Dean of Students Ann Marie Penzkover and Her Niece Mariah, Wisconsin 241

Andrea Modica

Genocide: Remembering Bengal, 1971 242

Sarah Husein

Why We Need Women’s Actions and Feminist Voices for Peace 244

Starhawk

Terror, Torture, and Resistance 248

Andrea Dworkin

Race, Sex, and Speech in Amerika 249

Andrea Dworkin

Disarmament and Masculinity 254

John Stoltenberg

The Master’s Tools Will Never Dismantle the Master’s House 264

Audre Lorde

Practical, Common Sense, Day-to-Day Stuff: An Interview with Mandy Carter 267

Matt Meyer

The Rise of Eco-Feminism: The Goddess Revived 271

Kitty Mattes

Beyond the Color of Fear: An Interview with Victor Lewis (Excerpt) 276

Peggy McIntosh

The Politics of Accountability 279

Jon Cohen

Tools for White Guys Who Are Working for Social Change 282

Chris Crass

Heteropatriarchy and the Three Pillars of White Supremacy: Rethinking Women of Color Organizing 285

Andrea Smith

V. The Roots and Routes of War: Nationalism, Religion, Ageism

Kafka’s Amerika 297

William P. Starr

Ten Years in Freedom 298

Dylcia Pagán

Fragmented Nationalism: Right-Wing Responses to September 11 in Historical Context 301

Matthew Lyons

Whiteness Is Not Inevitable! Why the Emphasis on White-Skin Privilege Is White-Chauvinist and Why the Problematic of “Race” Needs to be Replaced with the Restoration of the National Question(s) 331

Fred Ho

The Content of Our Character: An Interview with José López 338

Mike Staudenmaier with Matt Meyer and Dan Berger

Truly Human: Spiritual Paths in the Struggle Against Racism, Militarism, and Materialism 347

Gwendolyn Zoharah Simmons

White Like Me: A Woman Rabbi Gazes into the Mirror ofAmerican Racism 361

Rabbi Lynn Gottlieb

Dark Satanic Mills: William Blake and the Critique of War 366

Joel Kovel

Draft Resistance and the Politics of Identity and Status 379

Edward Hasbrouck

War Resistance and Root Causes: A Strategic Exchange 388

Jim Haber and Matt Meyer

VI. Where Do We Go from Here?

Organizing Against War and Racism

Perpetual Peace Matchboxes 397

Carrie Mae Weems

Before and After: The Struggle Continues 398

Malkia M’Buzi Moore

A Reflection on Privilege 401

Chris Knestrick

We Have Not Been Moved: How the Peace Movement Has Resisted Dealing with Racism in Our Ranks 403

Matt Meyer

CISPES in the 1980s: Solidarity and Racism in the Bellyof the Beast 421

Suzanne Ross

To Live Is to Resist 434

Greg Payton and Matt Meyer

Not Showing Up: Blacks, Military Recruitment and the Anti-War Movement 437

Kenyon Farrow

A Challenge to Institutional Racism 441

Nada Khader

Where’s the Color in the Anti-War Movement? Organizers Connect the War Abroad to the War at Home 443

Momo Chang

An Open Letter to Anti-Oppression/Diversity Trainers 446

Daniel Hunter

New Orleans: A Choice Between Destruction and Reparations 450

David Billings

Why Not Freedom for Puerto Rico? Building Solidarity in the United States: An Interview with Jean Zwickel 455

Meg Starr

“National Security” and the Violation of Women: Militarized Border Rape at the U.S.-Mexico Border 461

Sylvanna Falcón

From Bases to Bars: The Military & Prison Industrial Complexes Go “Boom” 465

Mumia Abu-Jamal

Dismantling Peace Movement Myths 469

Frida Berrigan

Structural Racism and the Obama Presidency 476

john a. powell

Notes on an Orientation to the Obama Presidency 482

Linda Burnham

Where Was the White in Phoenix? ATen-Year Movement Update 485

B. Loewe

Moving Forward: Ideas for Solidarity and Strategy to Strengthen Multiracial Peace Movements 490

Clare Bayard and Francesca Fiorentini

An Anti-Racist Gandhi Manifesto 512

Sachio Ko-Yin

VII. AfterPoems

Why War Is Never a Good Idea 517

Alice Walker

Reflections after the June 12th March for Disarmament 524

Sonia Sanchez

Peace (a poem for Maxine Green) 529

Sonia Sanchez

Stop the Violence Matchbox Fishbowl 532

Carrie Mae Weems

Acknowledgments: 533

Contributors: 536

Index: 555