The nation's birth came through bloody and bitter struggle.

1. General Douglas MacArthur in Morotai, Maluku, during World War II.

via instagram.com/sejarahindonesia



2. Civilians flee during the Battle of Surabaya in November 1945.

via instagram.com/galerisejarah



3. Dutch soldiers fighting the newly-formed Republic of Indonesia as part of Operation Product in July 1947.

via instagram.com/matapadi



4. Relocations under the UN-brokered Renville Agreement.

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5. Captured Indonesian soldiers in Malang, East Java, July 1947.

via instagram.com/galerisejarah



6. Dutch troops buy cigarettes from a street vendor around Cikampek in Karawang, West Java, 1947.

via instagram.com/galerisejarah

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