​Rampant corruption in Afghanistan could spell disaster for America’s reconstruction efforts after more than a decade of war in the Central Asian country, according to the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction.

As Washington attempts to make a graceful exit from Afghanistan, the scene of its longest and most expensive war in its history, the basic lack of oversight over key reconstruction projects has led to corruption on a massive scale.



It was even established that the United States, together with its allies, were paying ‘ghost workers’ in the national police force an unknown sum that was a "very significant amount of US taxpayer money," said Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR) John F. Sopko.



Now many in Washington are scratching their heads, wondering how the $102 billion earmarked for Afghan reconstruction and security was wasted.



Soko points to “massive military and aid spending overwhelmed the Afghan government's ability to absorb the assistance” and “coupled with weak oversight, created opportunities for corruption.”



“We opened the spigots and let the cash flow.”



"We don't even know what we spend and where we spend it 12 years into this," Sopko admitted. "That's the frustrating thing."



Sopko ticked off a number of shocking truths about the state of Afghanistan’s infrastructure, including newly-constructed schools that were in "danger of collapsing," medical facilities low on medicine and supplies, highways that were "disintegrating faster than we can build them."



But the trail of waste doesn’t end there. Sopko warned that the very future of Afghanistan was at risk of perishing if the United States failed to reign in the real enemy of corruption.



“The costs in Afghanistan - both in lives lost and money spent - have been enormous,” he said. “If we don't… get serious about corruption right now, we are putting all of the fragile gains that we have achieved in this - our longest war - at risk of failure.



“If we get it right, we can create a model for future contingencies and help the Afghan people build a country that does not become another failed criminal state and a safe haven for terrorists.”



However, many are questioning whether the United States can continue to foot the bill for the Afghan military adventure, as well as the cleanup and reconstruction.



Last year, Linda J. Bilmes, a Harvard professor, estimated in a report that US wars in Afghanistan and Iraq will cost taxpayers $4-$6 trillion (the research took into account the medical rehabilitation of injured veterans, as well as costly repairs to a military drained by more than a decade of dual-front fighting).



“As a consequence of these wartime spending choices, the United States will face constraints in funding investments in personnel and diplomacy, research and development and new military initiatives,” the report says. “The legacy of decisions taken during the Iraq and Afghanistan wars will dominate future federal budgets for decades to come.”



It should as no surprise that the Afghan people regularly describe their government agencies as corrupt.



"In response to a number of surveys, Afghan citizens have described the Afghan justice system and police force as particularly corrupt," the inspector general said.



Last year, Afghanistan tied with Somalia and North Korea as countries with the highest perceived levels of corruption among 177 states, according to Transparency International.



However, US foreign policy is also responsible for much of the corruption, Sopko said, allowing “criminal networks involved in everything from extrajudicial land seizures and extortion, to narcotics trafficking and money laundering.”



Of all criminal activities in Afghanistan, however, none has flourished as much as opium production, a grim harvest that was altogether eliminated under Taliban rule.



The Afghanistan Opium Survey for 2013 showed that land used for opium cultivation hit a historic high in 2013 of 516,000 acres - a 36 percent increase from 2012. Today, 19 of the country’s 34 provinces are opium producers, which has led to a surge in the number of heroin addicts across Europe, Central Asia and Russia.



“This has never been witnessed before in the history of Afghanistan,” said Jean-Luc Lemahieu, the former head of the Afghanistan office of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, as quoted by the New York Times.



Sopko said SIGAR would continue to investigate the allegations of corruption now hampering not only the US military pullout, but the hope for a brighter future for Afghans. He also pointed to next month's presidential elections, which he said could herald in a new leader to tackle the endemic corruption.



"All the major candidates say they want to combat corruption," he said.