The two most reliable sources for Holocaust data are the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum and Yad Vashem. Though this is the best information available, it is based on estimates and cannot take into the unknown number of victims whose bodies were never recovered or for whom there were no records. The Nazis kept detailed records of the people who passed through the camps; nevertheless, we do not know how many Jews may still have been unaccounted for in the many places where they were murdered. In addition, as the Allies began to close in on Germany, the Nazis began to destroy their records. We also don’t know the precise number of Jews in any of these areas. The population data ranges from 1937-1941 so, for example, the countries where the figures came from 1937 may not accurately reflect the number of Jews at the time the war began. Though the two institutions have different estimates, if you average the total number of Jews each says were murdered, the result is the commonly used figure of six million.

USHMM Yad Vashem Pre-War Jewish Population* Number of Jews Killed % of Jewish Population Murdered Pre-War Jewish population* Number of Jews Killed % of Jewish Population Murdered Albania 200 Austria 185,026 65,459 35% 185,000 50,000 27% Baltic Countries Belgium 90,000 24,387 27% 65,700 28,900 44% Bohemia & Moravia 118,310 78,150 66% Bulgaria 50,000 50,000 0 Czechoslovakia 354,000 260,000 73% Denmark 7,500 52-116 2% 7,800 60 1% Estonia 4,500 963 21% 4,500 1,500-2,000 44% Finland 2,000 7 0% France 300,000-330,000 72,900-74,000 22% 350,000 77,320 22% Germany 237,723 165,200 69% 566,000 134,500 24% Great Britain - Channel Islands 3 Greece 71,611 58,800-65,000 91% 77,380 60,000-67,000 87% Hungary** 825,007 564,507 68% 825,000 550,000-569,000 69% Italy 58,412 7,858 13% 44,500 7,680 17% Latvia 93,479 70,000 75% 91,500 70,000-71,500 Lithuania 153,000 130,000 85% 168,000 140,000-143,000 Luxembourg 3,500-5,000 1,200 24% 3,500 1,950 20% Netherlands 140,245 102,000 73% 140,000 100,000 Norway 1,800 758 42% 1,700 762 50% Poland 3,350,000 2,770,000-3,000,000 90% 3,300,000 2,900,000-3,000,000 90% Romania 756,930 211,214–260,000 34% 609,000 271,000-287,000 50% Slovakia 90,000 75,000 83% 88,950 68,000-71,000 75% Soviet Union 3,028,538 1,340,000 44% 3,020,000 1,000,000-1,100,000 33-36% Yugoslavia 82,242 67,228 82% 78,000 56,200 60% 9,915,213 6,273,676 63% 9,796,840 5,846,032 60%

Prewar estimates for the latest year available (1937-1941). The two institutions also divided the occupied areas slightly differently.

*When a range of figures appears, the higher numbers wereuse to estimated percentages.

**Borders of 1941

Sources: U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum;

Yad Vashem.