We asked her about the cause and signs of heat strokes and what can be done to prevent them.

How do I know if I’m having a heat stroke?

Heat strokes occur when the body’s temperature rises quickly. Signs include confusion, hallucinations, weakness, dizziness and nausea. Skin can be either hot and dry, or cold and clammy.

Who’s at risk?

“A lot of people think the heat affects people who are working outside or exercising, but actually most of our deaths occur with people who are inside their own home who are not using an air conditioner,” Dr. Toprani said. People age 65 or over are particularly vulnerable, as are those who have a chronic illness, have mental health issues, are homebound, or are substance abusers.

How can we prevent heat stroke?

“The most important thing is to stay in an air-conditioned environment,” Dr. Toprani said. She recommends setting the air-conditioner to 78 degrees, which will keep you cool without raising energy bills too much. Low-income residents can apply for a free air-conditioner through the Home Energy Assistance Program by calling 311.

What about working, exercising or playing outdoors?

Avoid exercising at the hottest points of the day, take breaks if you work outside, and stay hydrated. If the temperature rises above 95 for two consecutive days, or above 100 for a day, you can go to the fire department and request a spray cap, which will turn your local fire hydrant into a sprinkler, Dr. Toprani said.