SEOUL, South Korea — When President Moon Jae-in took power in South Korea last May, he vowed to make his disaster-prone country a safer place to live. But public skepticism over his ability to deliver has deepened with a string of tragedies in recent weeks, including a hospital fire that killed dozens of people on Friday.

The fire that engulfed Sejong Hospital in the southern city of Miryang was the deadliest fire in South Korea in a decade. It also came barely a month after another fire killed 29 people in December.

Both accidents revealed deep flaws in the country’s safety standards, like the lack of fire sprinklers in the hospital, problems that are likely to further erode public confidence in Mr. Moon’s ability to deliver his campaign promises just as the country prepares to host the Winter Olympics.

In Friday’s fire, the government even had trouble delivering an authoritative death toll, a common problem in South Korean disasters. The local police, fire department and health authorities announced 41 had died, but later revised that number to 37, saying some bodies were counted twice. But they said that the death toll could rise again because more than 100 people had been injured, 10 of them seriously.