It also revealed the deep divisions within Popular Force, a party led by Mr. Fujimori’s elder daughter, and reopened some of the scars from the complex legacy of Mr. Fujimori. In office from 1990 to 2000, he remains a deeply divisive figure here, respected in some quarters for his economic overhauls and his crackdown on two violent insurgencies, but reviled by others for his strongman tactics and for military-backed atrocities during his tenure.

It is unclear what role, if any, Mr. Fujimori might play in Peruvian politics. Samuel Abad, a constitutional lawyer, said Mr. Fujimori could seek office, or return to Japan — where he lived for five years in exile after his presidency, and where he is a citizen, through his parents, who emigrated from Japan to Peru.

“He faces no limitations, he has regained all of his rights,” Mr. Abad said.

But Víctor García Toma, a former justice minister and a former president of Peru’s constitutional court, said there could be limitations to Mr. Fujimori’s political activities.

“He hasn’t been given a pardon to regain his political career, but to preserve his health in a dignified way,” Mr. García Toma said.

Mr. Fujimori’s doctor, Alejandro Aguinaga, said the former president had a “serious heart condition” and would be following a strict health regimen.