The real answer is better training. More people will have to be encouraged to take degrees in computer science or IT, as well as beginning to learn it at an earlier age. This is starting to happen, but the number of students taking STEM degrees – science, technology, engineering and maths – is tens of thousands below what it needs to be, according to the Social Market Foundation. Companies will also have to spend more on in-work training, given the shortage in graduates who are fully up to the job.