The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) has added 1,400 new words in its latest "updation" which notably includes more than 100 film-related terms such as "Tarantinoesque", "Spielbergian" and "Nollywood".

Its list includes several words which directly draw from the names of high-profile film directors - such as "Kubrickian" and "Altmanesque" - and others to describe types of film such as "mumblecore" and "J-horror".

Various technical terms have been added too. They include "diegetic" - sound in a scene where its source can be seen - and "walla", which refers to the indistinct murmuring of crowds in films.

OED senior editor Craig Leyland said: "As with any area of specialism, film has its own ever-expanding lexicon, and such is cinema's popularity and influence that the words involved often make their way through to mainstream consciousness.

"With this in mind we've added over 100 words and phrases as part of this update to increase the OED's own stock of film terms. Like the finest Spielbergian fare, there's something for everyone, with words derived from all areas of the industry."


In today's update we've added over 100 words & phrases from the world of cinema to the OED, including 'Tarantinoesque', 'gag reel', and 'edge-of-your-seat': https://t.co/wqyHY86cWV pic.twitter.com/eRHCGeCDAn — The OED (@OED) October 4, 2018

Other words highlighted by OED's head of US dictionaries Katherine Connor Martin include "idiocracy", "fam" and "updation".

Idiocracy, which owes its prominence to the 2006 film of the same name, is defined as a "society consisting of or governed by idiots".

Fam - an abbreviation of family - was first seen as a graphic abbreviation in the 16th century but only started to be used as a colloquialism in the 1990s in the context of US hip-hop. Ms Martin said it had now been adopted in the UK, "especially in London".

She said: "The original meaning of 'family' was soon extended to people who were not one's actual relatives, but rather close friends or fellow members of a particular group, and it became common as a form of direct address ('hey, fam'), either to a single person or to many."

However, some on social media took issue with the term updation. One Twitter user wrote: "Please get rid of 'updation'."

The word is defined as "the action or an act of updating something". Ms Martin said it was "a nominalisation of the verb update".

"The word is first attested in American English, and there is evidence of its use around the world, but it is overwhelmingly associated with Indian English," she added.

Click here for a full list of the new additions to the dictionary, which is updated on a quarterly basis.