All of the over 50 cartoons liberally sprinkled through the pages of political science and social science textbooks for Classes IX to XII that have invited the ire of Parliament target politicians, in particular former prime ministers Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi.

Politicians are the subject of satire over pleading for votes to ticket distribution to relatives, the possible criminal-politician nexus to walkouts in Parliament, being evicted from the House by the Speaker and toppling of state governments, to haggling over a particular portfolio and supporting and opposing Bills and so on.

As many as 13 cartoons, among the sharpest in the book, target Indira Gandhi.

They show her presiding over and overpowering an emaciated Cabinet, depict the Emergency, her picking state chief ministers of her choice and crowning Sheikh Abdullah J&K chief minister, her pushing V V Giri as president, and make a note of her literally sweeping polls post the Janata Party rule, her discomfiture just before Emergency as well as her tiffs with the Syndicate.

The 14 cartoons on Nehru make a reference to the China war, which was a big blow to the former PM, the tiny opposition he faced, as well as the issue of states' reorganisation. Compared to the cartoons on Indira Gandhi, these are more good-natured.

There are at least two-three cartoons on PM Manmohan Singh, his steering of the new economic policy along with Narasimha Rao, on the dialogue with former Pakistan president Pervez Musharraf, the policy on East-Asian nations and so on.

Former PM Atal Behari Vajpayee, L K Advani, Jagjivan Ram, Charan Singh, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Morarji Desai, Lal Bahadur Shastri, V P Singh, M Karunanidhi and Rajiv Gandhi also find space among the cartoons.

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