Americans might take a more nuanced view of higher education than the agendas advanced by the politicians they elect, according to a report released today based on 115 forums conducted across the country.

The survey – a joint project of Public Agenda, the Kettering Foundation, and the National Issues Forum – found participants were alarmed by debt, but not government spending; didn’t want the country's colleges and universities to abandon philosophy and the liberal arts as it focuses on science, technology, engineering and math; and were struggling to balance the pros and cons of a traditional four-year degree. Primary results were made public in February.

David Holwerk, a spokesman for Dayton, Ohio-based Kettering, said politicians should take more notice of the public’s views than they did when they pushed through health care reform or Common Core, which are both suffering.

"If it’s not what the public has in mind, it’s going to stumble,” Holwerk said.

The surveys are based on 90-minute forums conducted across the country but mostly on or near four-year college campuses, which are by no means representative of the American population. More than two-thirds of the respondents were college students or instructors, for instance. Nationally, less than a third of Americans have a college degree.

The survey's authors said the conversations were valuable even if they did not come from a good sample of the American public.

But, based on those detailed conversations over the past two years, rather than representative polling, Holwerk said it looks like the public wants a less expensive higher ed system but one that retains its flexibility.

The mostly college-affiliated participants, perhaps not surprisingly, focused much of their talk on traditional college experiences and did not often talk about community colleges. They “struggled with tensions between the idea of college as career preparation versus college as an opportunity for intellectual and personal growth.”

In questionnaires filled out by about 1,300 people after the forums, 9 in 10 said students should study history, art, literature, government, economics and philosophy.

More than 8 in 10 strongly or somewhat agreed that even if the United States works to increase students' STEM skills, it wouldn’t help most Americans “unless we have an economy that supports a strong middle class and offers more opportunity.”

Participants repeatedly contrasted the United States with China and decided China’s model – which was perceived to be skilled but not innovative – was not for America.

Jean Johnson, a senior fellow at Public Agenda, said even though politicians are not saying they plan to do away with traditional college to focus on STEM and vocational training, their position is sometimes misunderstood.

“I’m not sure that is what people are hearing,” she said. “They are hearing, ‘Let’s focus on STEM.’ ”

Here's a table from the report that talks about the researchers' view of what policymakers say and what the forum participants said: