by Vincent Verhei

The 2013 Seattle Seahawks won the Super Bowl in part because they excelled at breaking tackles. Not only did they lead the league in broken tackles as a team, but their top rusher, passer, and receiver were all first or second at their position in this category. In 2014, they led the league again, and the running back and quarterback were exceptional for the second year in a row. They lacked the same physicality at wideout, though, and that might have cost them their shot at back-to-back championships.

Historically, we have defined a "broken tackle" as one of two events: either the ball carrier escapes from the grasp of the defender, or the defender is in good position for a tackle but the ball carrier jukes him out of his shoes. If the ball carrier sped by a slow defender who dived and missed, that didn't count as a broken tackle. It also doesn't count as a broken tackle if a defender gets a hand on the ball carrier but is effectively being blocked out of the play by another offensive player. We only measure broken tackles for standard plays; volunteers didn't have the time to track them for all special teams plays.

This year, we added a third category, "dragged" broken tackles where defenders were able to bring the ball carrier to the ground, but only after the runner had gained at least 5 yards from the point where the tackle started. We seemed like a reasonable compromise to deal with plays we had struggled with in years past, where what looked like a broken tackle would end up with a defender getting marked with a tackle or assist by the NFL because he was the last player to make contact before a ballcarrier fell down ten yards later. There weren't very many of those plays; St. Louis tight end Jared Cook led the league with just five. (Ironically, he only had one other broken tackle all year.)

We recorded significantly more broken tackles in 2014 than in any previous season, but we want to make it clear: that jump has to do with our methods. We don't want these numbers to encourage any "tackling in the NFL is getting worse" narratives. Between 2009 and 2013, league totals on broken tackles fell between 1,975 (2012) and 2,236 (2009). In 2014, we marked a total of 2,644 broken tackles.

The addition of "dragged" tackles was roughly half of the reason for the increase. The other reason was that any plays where ESPN Stats & Information marked a minimum of 5 yards after contact were specifically flagged to indicate to game charters that they should be particularly mindful of broken tackles. Unfortunately, it's the nature of charting to be subjective. We believe that flagging these plays for charters actually resulted in more accurate numbers than in previous seasons. But obviously, when comparing 2013 and 2014 totals below, be aware that the average player should have a 20-25 percent increase in broken tackles per play simply because of the change in our charting methodology.

The natural variation that comes with subjectivity is tempered by the fact that there were over two dozen charters involved, so no team's numbers could be overly slanted because of the bias of a single specific charter. (In addition, as we have done in past years, we spent time after the season reviewing plays from the charters with the highest and lowest rates of broken tackles marked.) We know that there are other groups on the Web who track broken tackles, and because of the subjectivity, their numbers won't be exactly the same as ours. Given the mistakes that are easy to make when marking players off of television tape, a difference of one or two broken tackles isn't a big deal. But looking at the players with the most and fewest broken tackles does a good job of showing us which ball carriers are able to power through defenders -- or avoid them with agility -- and which ball carriers go down quickly when there's contact.

You know who doesn't go down quickly when there's contact? Marshawn Lynch. The Seattle running back led the league in broken tackles for the second year in a row, this time by a great margin.

Running Backs

Most Broken Tackles, 2014 RB Player Team BT Runs Rec Touch BT/Touch BT 2013 Marshawn Lynch SEA 88 280 37 317 27.8% 59 Le'Veon Bell PIT 59 290 83 373 15.8% 21 DeMarco Murray DAL 51 392 57 449 11.4% 35 Eddie Lacy GB 51 246 42 288 17.7% 29 C.J. Anderson DEN 46 179 34 213 21.6% 1 Arian Foster HOU 43 260 38 298 14.4% 9 LeSean McCoy PHI 40 310 30 340 11.8% 51 Chris Ivory NYJ 33 198 18 216 15.3% 20 Ahmad Bradshaw IND 33 90 38 128 25.8% 3 Jonathan Stewart CAR 32 175 25 200 16.0% 4 Trent Richardson IND 32 159 27 186 17.2% 24 Matt Forte CHI 30 265 103 368 8.2% 24 Mark Ingram NO 30 226 29 255 11.8% 15 Jamaal Charles KC 30 205 41 246 12.2% 39 Player Team BT Runs Rec Touch BT/Touch BT 2013 Branden Oliver SD 29 160 36 196 14.8% -- Alfred Morris WAS 28 265 17 282 9.9% 24 Jeremy Hill CIN 26 222 27 249 10.4% -- Rashad Jennings NYG 26 167 30 197 13.2% 9 Justin Forsett BAL 25 234 45 279 9.0% 3 Fred Jackson BUF 25 141 66 207 12.1% 27 Joique Bell DET 24 223 34 257 9.3% 24 Lamar Miller MIA 24 216 38 254 9.4% 16 Andre Williams NYG 23 217 18 235 9.8% -- Terrance West CLE 21 171 11 182 11.5% -- Carlos Hyde SF 21 83 12 95 22.1% -- Roy Helu WAS 21 40 42 82 25.6% 9 Steven Jackson ATL 20 189 20 209 9.6% 15

The gap between Lynch and second-place runner Le'Veon Bell is bigger than the gap between Bell and anyone else in the top 10. There's no question that Lynch is the most difficult runner in the league to get to the ground. Need some examples? Here's Lynch breaking three tackles on one play against San Francisco:

And here he is breaking four tackles (while Ricardo Lockette picks up three blocks) on one play against Arizona:

To a large degree, this table mirrors the overall rushing yardage leaders, so there aren't too many surprises. Justin Forsett is lower than one might have guessed, and Frank Gore finished with 19 broken tackles, one shy of being listed. On the other hand, however limited Trent Richardson may be, it must be said that he's harder to tackle than his reputation would suggest. His broken tackle stats were high in both 2013 and 2014. Lynch was in the top five in total touches (runs plus receptions). Is it fair to say that he amassed so many broken tackles mainly because he got the ball so often? No. No, it isn't fair to say that at all. On a per-touch basis, Lynch is still atop the field, though the gap between him and his peers is much more narrow.

Highest Broken Tackle Rate, 2014 RB Lowest Broken Tackle Rate, 2014 RB Player Team BT Runs Rec Touch BT/ Touch Player Team BT Runs Rec Touch BT/ Touch Marshawn Lynch SEA 88 280 37 317 27.8% Latavius Murray OAK 3 82 17 99 3.0% Ahmad Bradshaw IND 33 90 38 128 25.8% Stevan Ridley NE 3 94 4 98 3.1% Roy Helu WAS 21 40 42 82 25.6% Alfred Blue HOU 6 169 15 184 3.3% Carlos Hyde SF 21 83 12 95 22.1% Jonas Gray NE 3 89 1 90 3.3% C.J. Anderson DEN 46 179 34 213 21.6% Isaiah Crowell CLE 6 148 9 157 3.8% Khiry Robinson NO 16 76 8 84 19.0% Ronnie Hillman DEN 6 106 21 127 4.7% Darren Sproles PHI 18 56 41 97 18.6% Doug Martin TB 7 134 13 147 4.8% Pierre Thomas NO 16 45 45 90 17.8% Matt Asiata MIN 10 164 44 208 4.8% Eddie Lacy GB 51 246 42 288 17.7% Andre Ellington ARI 13 200 47 247 5.3% Trent Richardson IND 32 159 27 186 17.2% Robert Turbin SEA 5 74 16 90 5.6% Minimum 80 touches

Lynch was one of five runners to average a broken tackle on at least one-fifth of his touches, and only one of the other four was able to sustain that rate on even half as many touches as Lynch did.

The Saints, meanwhile, have acquired an entire depth chart full of tackle-breakers. While Mark Ingram narrowly missed the top ten list for total broken tackles, his teammates Khiry Robinson and Pierre Thomas both made the top ten in broken tackles per touch, a list that also includes Darren Sproles, who spent three seasons in New Orleans before joining Philadelphia last season. Clearly the Saints place a lot of value on running backs who can create their own holes. (Thomas is currently an unsigned free agent.) At the other end of the spectrum we have New England, a team that relies on a rotating cast of specialized runners, none of whom specialize in breaking tackles. Stevan Ridley and Jonas Gray both made the bottom ten here, while Shane Vereen and Brandon Bolden both had rates right around 10 percent, which would be close to league average for the position.

Quarterbacks

Last year, Cam Newton was the dominant leader here, breaking ten more tackles than any other quarterback. This year, perhaps due to the ankle surgery he underwent before the season, he fell back to the pack somewhat, leaving a pair of NFC West youngsters to battle for the crown.

Most Broken Tackles, 2014 QB Player Team BT Houdinis Past LOS Colin Kaepernick SF 27 21 6 Russell Wilson SEA 25 18 7 Cam Newton CAR 14 10 4 Ryan Fitzpatrick HOU 11 11 0 Blake Bortles JAC 10 9 1 Andrew Luck IND 9 6 3 Michael Vick NYJ 8 3 5 Ben Roethlisberger PIT 8 8 0 Robert Griffin WAS 8 7 1 Geno Smith NYJ 8 7 1

Russell Wilson finishes second here for the second year in a row. He actually led all quarterbacks in broken tackles beyond the line of scrimmage, but Colin Kaepernick led the league in "Houdinis" (a term coined by Bill Simmons for quarterbacks who escape sacks) and trumped Wilson in total broken tackles.

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Andrew Luck and Blake Bortles are both young, big, and athletic, and right now that's about all they have in common. Michael Vick and Geno Smith both made the top ten, which may be the first time ever that two Jets quarterbacks have made the top ten in anything positive. Broken tackle rate stats don't really work for quarterbacks, because even if we include sacks as touches, they still get tackled so rarely that it can be hard to draw meaningful conclusions. Peyton Manning only broke four tackles last year, but technically he broke more tackles per "touch" than either Kaepernick or Wilson. Still, it's clear that some quarterbacks go down easier than others. Philip Rivers had 22 runs (not counting kneeldowns) and was sacked 36 times, but he broke only tackle all season. Other one-break wonders include Mark Sanchez, Kyle Orton, Nick Foles, and Shaun Hill.

Wide Receivers/Tight Ends

The following table shows the top ten receivers in broken tackles, along with the ten receivers with the worst rates of broken tackle per touch (minimum 32 touches):

Most Broken Tackles, 2014 WR/TE Lowest Broken Tackle Rates, 2014 WR/TE (min. 32 touches) Player Team Pos BT Runs Rec Touch BT/Touch Player Team Pos BT Runs Rec Touch BT/Touch Rob Gronkowski NE TE 24 0 82 82 29.3% Greg Olsen CAR TE 1 0 84 84 1.2% Martellus Bennett CHI TE 19 0 90 90 21.1% Roddy White ATL WR 1 0 80 80 1.3% Dez Bryant DAL WR 18 0 88 88 20.5% Eric Decker NYJ WR 1 0 74 74 1.4% Golden Tate DET WR 18 5 99 104 17.3% Calvin Johnson DET WR 1 0 71 71 1.4% Antonio Brown PIT WR 18 4 129 133 13.5% Antonio Gates SD TE 1 0 69 69 1.4% Julio Jones ATL WR 14 1 104 105 13.3% Brandin Cooks NO WR 1 7 53 60 1.7% Odell Beckham NYG WR 14 7 91 98 14.3% Mychal Rivera OAK TE 1 0 58 58 1.7% Delanie Walker TEN TE 14 0 63 63 22.2% Andre Holmes OAK WR 1 0 47 47 2.1% Kendall Wright TEN WR 14 4 57 61 23.0% Scott Chandler BUF TE 1 0 47 47 2.1% Steve Smith BAL WR 13 0 79 79 16.5% Brian Hartline MIA WR 1 0 39 39 2.6%

It might seem obvious that a physical freak like Rob Gronkowski would break tons of tackles, but he had only four in 2013, a low number even considering that he played only seven games. Golden Tate, last year's leader, still ranked highly. He was sorely missed by Seattle, whose remaining tight ends and receivers had only 27 broken tackles combined.

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There are a lot of question marks in Tennessee, but at least Marcus Mariota will have a pair of targets in Delanie Walker and Kendall Wright who can do something with the ball in their hands. Finally, as I have done many times before, I must point out that Odell Beckham made the top ten in yet another statistic despite missing a quarter of the season. As for the worst broken tackle rates, all I can really say is man, that's an awfully good group of players for guys who are supposed to be worst in the league at anything. It's safe to say that tackle-breaking ability is pretty low on the list of what's required to make a great receiver.

Total Offense

As mentioned, Seattle led the league in broken tackles for the second year in a row. Six of the top nine teams in broken tackles per play made the playoffs, while seven of the bottom eight teams missed the postseason. DPI are included in the play count because they can be marked for a Houdini by the quarterback.

Broken Tackles by Offenses, 2014 Offense Plays (incl. DPI) Plays

with BT Total BT Pct Plays w BT SEA 1036 126 156 12.2% IND 1116 106 121 9.5% DAL 1018 89 102 8.7% TEN 925 78 87 8.4% GB 1003 84 103 8.4% SF 1019 85 98 8.3% PIT 1064 88 108 8.3% WAS 1033 83 98 8.0% CIN 1027 77 84 7.5% NYG 1107 81 99 7.3% KC 970 70 84 7.2% NYJ 1066 75 82 7.0% MIA 1052 74 83 7.0% CHI 1028 72 80 7.0% HOU 1066 72 86 6.8% PHI 1134 75 86 6.6% Offense Plays (incl. DPI) Plays

with BT Total BT Pct Plays w BT BUF 1028 67 74 6.5% ATL 1045 68 77 6.5% DEN 1070 69 86 6.4% DET 1042 66 74 6.3% NE 1081 67 77 6.2% NO 1101 68 85 6.2% BAL 1029 63 70 6.1% CAR 1073 65 74 6.1% STL 975 59 66 6.1% SD 1019 60 70 5.9% MIN 988 57 63 5.8% JAC 1001 57 65 5.7% CLE 1027 51 58 5.0% TB 957 47 51 4.9% ARI 1013 49 54 4.8% OAK 1011 36 43 3.6%

Comparing 2013 to 2014, Minnesota had the biggest drop in broken tackles, for very obvious reasons. Despite the change in our methodology, the Vikings went from 7.6 percent of plays marked with broken tackles in 2013 to just 5.8 percent. Three other teams also saw this rate drop by at least 0.5 percent: Carolina, Arizona, and Philadelphia. Five teams saw their rate of broken tackles increase by over 2.5 percent, more than twice the league average caused by the methodology change: Washington, Indianapolis, San Francisco, Tennessee, and Dallas. Click here for the article on 2013 broken tackles (offense). Click here for the article on 2012 broken tackles (offense).