Show Dependency/withdrawal Safety of oral dronabinol during opioid withdrawal in humans Jicha CJ, Lofwall MR, Nuzzo PA, Babalonis S, Elayi SC, Walsh SL. 2015 Delta-9-THC Controlled study 40 mg of THC caused increased heart rate and anxiety, which made dose-reduction necessary

Show Epilepsy Parental reporting of response to oral cannabis extracts for treatment of refractory epilepsy Press CA, Knupp KG, Chapman KE 2015 Cannabis Open study About one third of children suffering from different forms of epilepsy experienced a more than 50 % reduction in seizures by the use of oral cannabis extracts.

Show Pain Efficacy of Inhaled Cannabis on Painful Diabetic Neuropathy Wallace MS, Marcotte TD, Umlauf A, Gouaux B, Atkinson JH 2015 Cannabis Controlled study Inhaled cannabis demonstrated a dose dependent reduction in peripheral treatment-refractory neuropathic pain.

Show Profiles of medicinal cannabis patients attending compassion centers in rhode island. Zaller N, Topletz A, Frater S, Yates G, Lally M. 2015 Cannabis Survey Most participants report that medicinal cannabis improves their pain symptomology.

Show Neural Effects of Cannabinoid CB1 Neutral Antagonist Tetrahydrocannabivarin on Food Reward and Aversion in Healthy Volunteers. Tudge L, Williams C, Cowen PJ, McCabe C 2015 Other cannabinoids Controlled study The natural cannabinoid tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) altered the nerve response to pleasant and unpleasant stimuli in a way that it “suggests therapeutic activity in obesity.

Show Posttraumatic stress disorder The efficacy of nabilone, a synthetic cannabinoid, in the treatment of PTSD-associated nightmares: A preliminary randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over design study. Jetly R, Heber A, Fraser G, Boisvert D. 2015 Nabilone Controlled study Nabilone reduced nightmares.

Show Smoking and Diabetes Mellitus: Results from Meta-analysis with Eight Independent Replication Samples Alshaarawy O, Anthony JC. 2015 Cannabis Survey Cannabis use was associated with a 30% reduction of diabetes risk

Show Pain Experience of adjunctive cannabis use for chronic non-cancer pain: Findings from the Pain and Opioids IN Treatment (POINT) study. Degenhardt L, Lintzeris N, Campbell G, Bruno R, Cohen M, Farrell M, Hall WD. 2015 Cannabis Survey Pain patients, who receive opioids, experience better pain relief if they also take cannabis.

Show HIV/AIDS High-intensity cannabis use associated with lower plasma human immunodeficiency virus-1 RNA viral load among recently infected people who use injection drugs. Milloy MJ, Marshall B, Kerr T, Richardson L, Hogg R, Guillemi S, Montaner JS, Wood E. 2015 Cannabis Open study At least daily cannabis use was associated with significant lower plasma HIV viral loads.

Show Cancer Patterns of Use of Medical Cannabis Among Israeli Cancer Patients: A Single Institution Experience. Waissengrin B, Urban D, Leshem Y, Garty M, Wolf I. 2015 Cannabis Open study Cannabis use “is perceived as highly effective” by some patients with advanced cancer.

Show Cancer;Nausea/vomiting Dronabinol Treatment of Refractory Nausea and Vomiting Related to Peritoneal Carcinomatosis. Hernandez SL, Sheyner I, Stover KT, Stewart JT. 2015 Delta-9-THC Open study THC may be very effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting in end-stage cancer.

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;Cancer;Nausea/vomiting;Pain Improving Quality of Life With Nabilone During Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancers: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial Côté M, Trudel M, Wang C, Fortin A. 2015 Nabilone Controlled study Nabilone did not reduce pain and nausea in patients treated for head and neck cancer.

Show Pain Single dose delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in chronic pancreatitis patients: analgesic efficacy, pharmacokinetics and tolerability de Vries M, van Rijckevorsel DC, Vissers KC, Wilder-Smith OH, van Goor H(; Pain and Nociception Neuroscience Research Group 2015 Delta-9-THC Controlled study No effect of a single low dose of THC on abdominal pain resulting from chronic pancreatitis in clinical study.

Show Dependency/withdrawal;Pain The prescription of medical cannabis by a transitional pain service to wean a patient with complex pain from opioid use following liver transplantation: a case report. Meng H, Hanlon JG, Katznelson R, Ghanekar A, McGilvray I, Clarke H. 2015 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report The use of cannabis reduced opioid consumption

Show Alzheimer’s disease Tetrahydrocannabinol for neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia: A randomized controlled trial. van den Elsen GA, Ahmed AI, Verkes RJ, Kramers C, Feuth T, Rosenberg PB, van der Marck MA, Olde Rikkert MG. 2015 Delta-9-THC Controlled study No reduction in NPS by low-dose THC (3×1.5mg), though it is well-tolerated

Show Acute effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol and their combination on facial emotion recognition: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in cannabis users. Hindocha C, Freeman TP, Schafer G, Gardener C, Das RK, Morgan CJ, Curran HV. 2015 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC;Cannabidiol Controlled study Improvement of recognition of emotional facial affect by CBD and attenuation of the impairment induced by THC

Show The effect of five day dosing with THCV on THC-induced cognitive, psychological and physiological effects in healthy male human volunteers: A placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover pilot trial. Englund A, Atakan Z, Kralj A, Tunstall N, Murray R, Morrison P. 2015 Delta-9-THC Controlled study Inhibition of some of the well-known effects of THC by THCV and potentiation of other effects

Show Pain The Pharmacokinetics, Efficacy, Safety, and Ease of Use of a Novel Portable Metered-Dose Cannabis Inhaler in Patients With Chronic Neuropathic Pain: A Phase 1a Study Eisenberg E, Ogintz M, Almog S 2014 Cannabis Open study A significant reduction in pain intensity was achieved after cannabis inhalation with a vaporizer.

Show Dependency/withdrawal Nabiximols as an agonist replacement therapy during cannabis withdrawal: a randomized clinical trial Allsop DJ, Copeland J, Lintzeris N, Dunlop AJ, Montebello M, Sadler C, Rivas GR, Holland RM, Muhleisen P, Norberg MM, Booth J, McGregor IS 2014 Cannabis Controlled study Sativex had no relevant long-term effect on cannabis dependence

Show Pain A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group study of THC/CBD spray in peripheral neuropathic pain treatment Serpell M, Ratcliffe S, Hovorka J, Schofield M, Taylor L, Lauder H, Ehler E 2014 Cannabis Controlled study Significant improvements in pain, sleep quality and subjective evaluations of patients.

Show Parkinson’s disease Effects of cannabidiol in the treatment of patients with Parkinson’s disease: an exploratory double-blind trial Chagas MH, Zuardi AW, Tumas V, Pena-Pereira MA, Sobreira ET, Bergamaschi MM, dos Santos AC, Teixeira AL, Hallak JE, Crippa JA 2014 Cannabidiol Controlled study Significant improvement in well-being. No effects on motor functioning or neuroprotection.

Show Endocannabinoids control platelet activation and limit aggregate formation under flow. De Angelis V, Koekman AC, Weeterings C, Roest M, de Groot PG, Herczenik E, Maas C. 2014 Other cannabinoids Open study Activation of cannabinoid receptors by cannabis use reduces platelet activation and blood clotting.

Show Traumatic brain injury Effect of marijuana use on outcomes in traumatic brain injury. Nguyen BM, Kim D, Bricker S, Bongard F, Neville A, Putnam B, Smith J, Plurad D. 2014 Cannabis Open study A positive THC screen is associated with decreased mortality in adult patients sustaining TBI [traumatic brain injury].

Show Safety and pharmacokinetics of oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in healthy older subjects: A randomized controlled trial. Ahmed AI, van den Elsen GA, Colbers A, van der Marck MA, Burger DM, Feuth TB, Rikkert MG, Kramers C. 2014 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC appeared to be safe and well tolerated by healthy older individuals.

Show Nausea/vomiting Cannabis for intractable nausea after bilateral cerebellar stroke. Adhiyaman V, Arshad S. 2014 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report A woman with intractable nausea after cerebellar stroke responded well to a treatment with THC.

Show Pain;Posttraumatic stress disorder;Sleep disorder Use of a Synthetic Cannabinoid in a Correctional Population for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder-Related Insomnia and Nightmares, Chronic Pain, Harm Reduction, and Other Indications: A Retrospective Evaluation. Cameron C, Watson D, Robinson J. 2014 Nabilone Open study Nabilone caused significant improvements in insomnia, nightmares, chronic pain and other symptoms in patients suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Show Multiple sclerosis Long-term effectiveness and safety of nabiximols (tetrahydrocannabinol/cannabidiol oromucosal spray) in clinical practice. Flachenecker P, Henze T, Zettl UK. 2014 Cannabis Open study Researchers found that “real-life data confirm the long-term effectiveness and tolerability of nabiximols [Sativex] for the treatment of resistant MSS [multiple sclerosis spasticity].

Show Posttraumatic stress disorder Preliminary, open-label, pilot study of add-on oral Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in chronic post-traumatic stress disorder. Roitman P, Mechoulam R, Cooper-Kazaz R, Shalev A. 2014 Delta-9-THC Open study THC caused significant improvements in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Show Parkinson’s disease Cannabis (medical marijuana) treatment for motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson disease: an open-label observational study. Lotan I, Treves TA, Roditi Y, Djaldetti R. 2014 Cannabis Open study Analysis of specific motor symptoms revealed significant, also sleep and pain improvement after treatment with cannabis.

Show Multiple sclerosis Nabiximols (THC/CBD oromucosal spray, Sativex®) in clinical practice–results of a multicenter, non-interventional study (MOVE 2) in patients with multiple sclerosis spasticity. Flachenecker P, Henze T, Zettl UK. 2014 Cannabis Open study The cannabis extract Sativex provided relief in 74.6% of participants.

Show Posttraumatic stress disorder Using cannabis to help you sleep: heightened frequency of medical cannabis use among those with PTSD. Bonn-Miller MO, Babson KA, Vandrey R. 2014 Cannabis Survey Patients with high PTSD scores were more likely to use cannabis to improve sleep, and for coping reasons more generally.

Show Sleep disorder Impact of Dronabinol on Quantitative Electroencephalogram (qEEG) Measures of Sleep in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome. Farabi SS, Prasad B, Quinn L, Carley DW. 2014 Delta-9-THC Open study THC treatment yielded a shift in EEG (electroencephalogram) power toward delta and theta frequencies and a strengthening of normal rhythms in the sleep.

Show Multiple sclerosis;Spasticity Clinical experience with THC:CBD oromucosal spray in patients with multiple sclerosis-related spasticity. Koehler J, Feneberg W, Meier M, Pöllmann W. 2014 Cannabis Open study The mean spasticity decreased by 57%.

Show Multiple sclerosis;Spasticity Clinical experiences with cannabinoids in spasticity management in multiple sclerosis. Lorente Fernández L, Monte Boquet E, Pérez-Miralles F, Gil Gómez I, Escutia Roig M, Boscá Blasco I, Poveda Andrés JL, Casanova-Estruch B. 2014 Cannabis Open study The cannabis extract was effective in 80% of patients.

Show Alzheimer’s disease Dronabinol for the treatment of agitation and aggressive behavior in acutely hospitalized severely demented patients with noncognitive behavioral symptoms. Woodward MR, Harper DG, Stolyar A, Forester BP, Ellison JM. 2014 Delta-9-THC Open study A treatment with oral THC was associated with significant decreases in agitation, as well as improvements in sleep duration and appetite.

Show Epilepsy Cannabis and other illicit drug use in epilepsy patients. Hamerle M, Ghaeni L, Kowski A, Weissinger F, Holtkamp M. 2014 Cannabis Survey The use of cannabis did not affect disease severity in epilepsy.

Show Pain A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover pilot trial with extension using an oral mucosal cannabinoid extract for treatment of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. Lynch ME, Cesar-Rittenberg P, Hohmann AG. 2014 Cannabis Controlled study Reduction in pain intensity

Show Pain The subjective psychoactive effects of oral dronabinol studied in a randomized, controlled crossover clinical trial for pain. Issa MA, Narang S, Jamison RN, Michna E, Edwards RR, Penetar DM, Wasan AD. 2014 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study Oral THC had similar psychoactive effects to smoked marijuana

Show Multiple sclerosis;Spasticity Effect of dronabinol on progression in progressive multiple sclerosis (CUPID): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Zajicek J, Ball S, Wright D, Vickery J, Nunn A, Miller D, Cano MG, McManus D, Mallik S, Hobart J; on behalf of the CUPID investigator group. 2013 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC, which was given for 36 months, had no effect on progression compared to placebo

Show Dependency/withdrawal Impact of Cannabis Use during Stabilization on Methadone Maintenance Treatment. Scavone JL, Sterling RC, Weinstein SP, Van Bockstaele EJ. 2013 Cannabis Open study Objective ratings of opiate withdrawal decreased in patients using cannabis during stabilization

Show Cancer chemotherapy;Pain A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Pilot Trial With Extension Using an Oral Mucosal Cannabinoid Extract for Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathic Pain. Lynch ME, Cesar-Rittenberg P, Hohmann AG. 2013 Cannabis Controlled study Five patients tended to respond to a treatment with cannabis

Show Anxiety;Posttraumatic stress disorder Cannabidiol enhances consolidation of explicit fear extinction in humans. Das RK, Kamboj SK, Ramadas M, Yogan K, Gupta V, Redman E, Curran HV, Morgan CJ 2013 Cannabidiol Controlled study Cannabidiol enhances consolidation of fear extinction in humans.

Show Dependency/withdrawal Cannabidiol for the treatment of cannabis withdrawal syndrome: a case report. Crippa JA, Hallak JE, Machado-de-Sousa JP, Queiroz RH, Bergamaschi M, Chagas MH, Zuardi AW. 2013 Cannabidiol Uncontrolled case report They were no major withdrawal symptoms.

Show Dependency/withdrawal Cannabis as a substitute for alcohol and other drugs: A dispensary-based survey of substitution effect in Canadian medical cannabis patients. Lucas P, Reiman A, Earleywine M, McGowan S, Oleson M, Coward M, Thomas B. 2013 Cannabis Survey Many patients substitute cannabis for alcohol, illegal and medicinal drugs

Show Psychosis/schizophrenia A controlled family study of cannabis users with and without psychosis. Proal AC, Fleming J, Galvez-Buccollini JA, Delisi LE. 2013 Cannabis Controlled study Cannabis does not cause psychosis by itself

Show Pain The Subjective Psychoactive Effects of Oral Dronabinol Studied in a Randomized, Controlled Crossover Clinical Trial For Pain. Issa MA, Narang S, Jamison RN, Michna E, Edwards RR, Penetar DM, Wasan AD. 2013 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study In pain patients, oral dronabinol has similar psychoactive effects to smoking cannabis.

Show Cancer;Pain An open-label extension study to investigate the long-term safety and tolerability of THC/CBD oromucosal spray and oromucosal THC spray in patients with terminal cancer-related pain refractory to strong opioid analgesics Johnson JR, Lossignol D, Burnell-Nugent M, Fallon MT 2013 Cannabis Open study The cannabis extract Sativex was generally well tolerated, with no evidence of a loss of effect for pain relief.

Show Multiple sclerosis;Pain A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of THC/CBD oromucosal spray in combination with the existing treatment regimen, in the relief of central neuropathic pain in patients with multiple sclerosis. Langford RM, Mares J, Novotna A, Vachova M, Novakova I, Notcutt W, Ratcliffe S 2013 Cannabis Controlled study No significant difference between placebo and Sativex in Phase A; Phase B demonstrated an analgesic effect.

Show Gastrointestinal disorder;Inflammation;Pain Konikoff FM. Cannabis induces a clinical response in patients with Crohn’s disease: a prospective placebo-controlled study Naftali T, Bar-Lev Schleider L, Dotan I, Lansky EP, Sklerovsky Benjaminov F, Konikoff FM 2013 Cannabis Controlled study Cannabis produced significant clinical benefits in 10 of 11 patients with active Crohn’s disease.

Show Pain Low-dose vaporized cannabis significantly improves neuropathic pain Wilsey B, Marcotte T, Deutsch R, Gouaux B, Sakai S, Donaghe H 2013 Cannabis Controlled study Cannabis reduced pain. No difference in efficacy between the two doses.

Show Gastrointestinal disorder;Inflammation Marijuana Use Patterns Among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Ravikoff Allegretti J, Courtwright A, Lucci M, Korzenik JR, Levine J. 2013 Cannabis Survey Patients find cannabis very helpful for symptom control.

Show Sleep disorder Around-the-clock oral THC effects on sleep in male chronic daily cannabis smokers. Gorelick DA, Goodwin RS, Schwilke E, Schroeder JR, Schwope DM, Kelly DL, Ortemann-Renon C, Bonnet D, Huestis MA. 2013 Delta-9-THC Open study Higher THC concentrations were significantly associated with less difficulty falling asleep and more daytime sleep the following day.

Show Cancer The medical necessity for medicinal cannabis: prospective, observational study evaluating the treatment in cancer patients on supportive or palliative care. Bar-Sela G, Vorobeichik M, Drawsheh S, Omer A, Goldberg V, Muller E. 2013 Cannabis Open study In an open clinical study with cancer patients all symptoms improved significantly.

Show HIV/AIDS Marijuana smoking does not accelerate progression of liver disease in HIV-hepatitis C coinfection: a longitudinal cohort analysis. Brunet L, Moodie EE, Rollet K, Cooper C, Walmsley S, Potter M, Klein MB; Canadian Co-infection Cohort Investigators. 2013 Cannabis Open study The use of cannabis did not accelerate progression to significant liver fibrosis.

Show Dependency/withdrawal Impact of cannabis use during stabilization on methadone maintenance treatment. Scavone JL, Sterling RC, Weinstein SP, Van Bockstaele EJ. 2013 Cannabis Open study Symptoms of opiate withdrawal decrease in patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment, who use cannabis.

Show Multiple sclerosis Treatment failure of intrathecal baclofen and supra-additive effect of nabiximols in multiple sclerosis-related spasticity: a case report. Stroet A, Trampe N, Chan A. 2013 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report A combination of baclofen injections into the cerebrospinal fluid and very low doses of the cannabis extract Sativex was highly effective.

Show Pain Comparison of the analgesic effects of dronabinol and smoked marijuana in daily marijuana smokers. Cooper ZD, Comer SD, Haney M. 2013 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC (dronabinol) and smoked cannabis (marijuana) caused similar effects on pain sensitivity and pain tolerance.

Show Dependency/withdrawal Nabilone decreases marijuana withdrawal and a laboratory measure of marijuana relapse. Haney M, Cooper ZD, Bedi G, Vosburg SK, Comer SD, Foltin RW. 2013 Nabilone Open study The use of nabilone reduced withdrawal symptoms.

Show Multiple sclerosis;Spasticity A new multiple sclerosis spasticity treatment option: effect in everyday clinical practice and cost-effectiveness in Germany. Flachenecker P. 2013 Cannabis Open study The cannabis extract sativex is effective in a large number of patients and well-tolerated in the long-term.

Show Multiple sclerosis;Spasticity Endocannabinoid system modulator use in everyday clinical practice in the UK and Spain. García-Merino A. 2013 Cannabis Open study Sativex appears to be a well-tolerated and useful add-on therapy in patients with spasticity due to multiple sclerosis.

Show Spasticity Proof of concept trial of dronabinol in obstructive sleep apnea. Prasad B, Radulovacki MG, Carley DW. 2013 Delta-9-THC Open study THC significantly improved this condition.

Show Headache/migraine Use of cannabis among 139 cluster headache sufferers. Leroux E, Taifas I, Valade D, Donnet A, Chagnon M, Ducros A. 2013 Cannabis Survey Less than one third of self-reported users mention a relief of their attacks following inhalation.

Show Dependency/withdrawal The dose effects of short-term dronabinol (oral THC) maintenance in daily cannabis users. Vandrey R, Stitzer ML, Mintzer MZ, Huestis MA, Murray JA, Lee D. 2013 Delta-9-THC Open study THC dose-dependently attenuated cannabis withdrawal.

Show Psychosis/schizophrenia Cannabidiol enhances anandamide signaling and alleviates psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia Leweke FM, Piomelli D, Pahlisch F, Muhl D, Gerth CW, Hoyer C, Klosterkötter J, Hellmich M, Koethe D. 2012 Cannabidiol Controlled study CBD was as effective as amisulpride, a standard antipsychotic

Show Multiple sclerosis;Pain;Spasticity Smoked cannabis for spasticity in multiple sclerosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Corey-Bloom J, Wolfson T, Gamst A, Jin S, Marcotte TD, Bentley H, Gouaux B. 2012 Cannabis Controlled study Smoked cannabis was superior to placebo in reducing spasticity and pain.

Show Acute effects of a single, oral dose of d9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) administration in healthy volunteers. Martín-Santos R, Crippa JA, Batalla A, Bhattacharyya S, Atakan Z, Borgwardt S, Allen P, Seal M, Langohr K, Farré M, Zuardi AW, McGuire P. 2012 Delta-9-THC;Cannabidiol Controlled study CBD does not cause significant side effects

Show Pain Palmitoylethanolamide in the Treatment of Chronic Pain Caused by Different Etiopathogenesis. Gatti A, Lazzari M, Gianfelice V, Di Paolo A, Sabato E, Sabato AF. 2012 Other cannabinoids Open study Significant pain relief with palmitoylethanolamide (PEA)

Show Posttraumatic stress disorder Mitigation of post-traumatic stress symptoms by Cannabis resin: A review of the clinical and neurobiological evidence. Passie T, Emrich HM, Karst M, Brandt SD, Halpern JH. 2012 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Significant improvement in one patient with PSD with cannabis

Show Pain An efficient randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial with the irreversible fatty acid amide hydrolase-1 inhibitor PF-04457845, which modulates endocannabinoids but fails to induce effective analgesia in patients with pain due to osteoarthritis of the knee. Huggins JP, Smart TS, Langman S, Taylor L, Young T. 2012 Other cannabinoids Controlled study A FAAH inhibitor was not more effective than a placebo.

Show Pain Herbal cannabis use in patients labeled as fibromyalgia is associated with negative psychosocial parameters. Ste-Marie PA, Fitzcharles MA, Gamsa A, Ware MA, Shir Y. 2012 Cannabis Survey Many patients with fibromyalgia use cannabis products.

Show Pain;Spasticity Cannabis derivatives therapy for a seronegative stiff-person syndrome: a case report. Vicente-Valor MI, Garcia-Llopis P, Mejia Andujar L, Antonino de la Camara G, García Del Busto N, Lopez Tinoco M, Quintana Vergara B, Peiro Vilaplana C, Dominguez Moran JA, Sánchez Alcaraz A. 2012 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report The cannabis extract was effective in a patient with stiff person syndrome.

Show Traumatic brain injury Early Survival of Comatose Patients after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury with the Dual Cannabinoid CB1/CB2 Receptor Agonist KN38-7271: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase II Trial. Firsching R, Piek J, Skalej M, Rohde V, Schmidt U, Striggow F; the KN38-7271 Study Group. 2012 Other cannabinoids Controlled study Survival rates within 1 month of the injury were significantly better.

Show Anxiety Effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on evaluation of emotional images. Ballard ME, Bedi G, de Wit H. 2012 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC renders fearful faces less fearful

Show Cancer;Pain Nabiximols for opioid-treated cancer patients with poorly-controlled chronic pain: a randomized, placebo-controlled, graded-dose trial. Portenoy RK, Ganae-Motan ED, Allende S, Yanagihara R, Shaiova L, Weinstein S, McQuade R, Wright S, Fallon MT. 2012 Cannabis Controlled study Additional pain reduction following the two lower doses.

Show Posttraumatic stress disorder Mitigation of post-traumatic stress symptoms by Cannabis resin: A review of the clinical and neurobiological evidence. Passie T, Emrich HM, Karst M, Brandt SD, Halpern JH. 2012 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Cannabis reduced course and intensity of symptoms.

Show Anxiety;Posttraumatic stress disorder Cannabinoid facilitation of fear extinction memory recall in humans. Rabinak CA, Angstadt M, Sripada CS, Abelson JL, Liberzon I, Milad MR, Phan KL. 2012 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC prevented the recovery of fear in this experiment of extinction learning.

Show Multiple sclerosis;Pain;Spasticity A questionnaire survey of patients and carers of patients prescribed Sativex as an unlicensed medicine. Notcutt WG. 2012 Cannabis Survey Most respondents experienced improvements across a range of symptoms.

Show Multiple sclerosis;Pain;Spasticity Multiple Sclerosis and Extract of Cannabis: results of the MUSEC trial. Zajicek JP, Hobart JC, Slade A, Barnes D, Mattison PG; on behalf of the MUSEC Research Group. 2012 Cannabis Controlled study Significant improvement by the cannabis extract Cannador of spasticity and pain.

Show Pain Intractable neuropathic pain due to ulnar nerve entrapment treated with cannabis and ketamine 10%. Hesselink JM, Kopsky DJ. 2012 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Significant pain improvement with cannabis and ketamine.

Show Pain Lack of effect of central nervous system-active doses of nabilone on capsaicin-induced pain and hyperalgesia. Kalliomäki J, Philipp A, Baxendale J, Annas P, Karlsten R, Segerdahl M. 2012 Nabilone Controlled study The cannabinoid had no significant effect on acute experimental pain.

Show Gastrointestinal disorder;Inflammation Impact of cannabis treatment on the quality of life, weight and clinical disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease patients: a pilot prospective study Lahat A, Lang A, Ben-Horin S 2012 Cannabis Open study Improvement in general health perception, social functioning, ability to work, physical pain and depression; weight gain; average rise in BMI; average Harvey-Bradshaw index was reduced

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;HIV/AIDS A pilot study of the effects of cannabis on appetite hormones in HIV-infected adult men Riggs PK, Vaida F, Rossi SS, Sorkin LS, Gouaux B, Grant I, Ellis RJ 2012 Cannabis Controlled study Cannabis administration was associated with significant increases in plasma levels of ghrelin and leptin, and decreases in PYY, but did not significantly influence insulin levels

Show Diarrhoea;Gastrointestinal disorder Randomized pharmacodynamic and pharmacogenetic trial of dronabinol effects on colon transit in irritable bowel syndrome-diarrhea Wong BS, Camilleri M, Eckert D, Carlson P, Ryks M, Burton D, Zinsmeister AR 2012 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC had no significant effects on gut transit.

Show Epilepsy Seizure exacerbation in two patients with focal epilepsy following marijuana cessation. Hegde M, Santos-Sanchez C, Hess CP, Kabir AA, Garcia PA. 2012 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Patients with epilepsy were able to control their seizures by the use of cannabis.

Show Pain A Randomized, Controlled Study to Investigate the Analgesic Efficacy of Single Doses of the Cannabinoid Receptor-2 Agonist GW842166, Ibuprofen or Placebo in Patients With Acute Pain Following Third Molar Tooth Extraction. Ostenfeld T, Price J, Albanese M, Bullman J, Guillard F, Meyer I, Leeson R, Costantin C, Ziviani L, Nocini PF, Milleri S. 2011 Other cannabinoids Controlled study No superior analgetic effect of the synthetic cannabinoid GW842166 over placebo.

Show Obsessive compulsive disorder Dronabinol, a cannabinoid agonist, reduces hair pulling in trichotillomania: a pilot study. Grant JE, Odlaug BL, Chamberlain SR, Kim SW. 2011 Delta-9-THC Open study Statistically significant reduction in symptom severity.

Show Increased Blood Pressure Following Abrupt Cessation of Daily Cannabis Use. Vandrey R, Umbricht A, Strain EC. 2011 Cannabis;Nabilone Survey In 6 of 13 subjects blood pressure increased significantly after cessation of cannabis use.

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;Cancer;Nausea/vomiting;Pain;Spasticity [Cannabinoids in children] [Article in German] Cannabinoide bei Kindern. Gottschling S. 2011 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report Reduced pain, spasticity and improved appetite and nausea

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;Cancer Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol may palliate altered chemosensory perception in cancer patients: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial. Brisbois TD, de Kock IH, Watanabe SM, Mirhosseini M, Lamoureux DC, Chasen M, Macdonald N, Baracos VE, Wismer WV. 2011 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC improved taste and appetite

Show Subjective and Physiological Effects After Controlled Sativex and Oral THC Administration. Karschner EL, Darwin WD, McMahon RP, Liu F, Wright S, Goodwin RS, Huestis MA. 2011 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC;Cannabidiol Controlled study Oral THC and the cannabis extract Sativex produced similar effects

Show Anxiety Cannabidiol Reduces the Anxiety Induced by Simulated Public Speaking in Treatment-Naïve Social Phobia Patients. Bergamaschi MM, Queiroz RH, Chagas MH, de Oliveira DC, De Martinis BS, Kapczinski F, Quevedo J, Roesler R, Schröder N, Nardi AE, Martín-Santos R, Hallak JE, Zuardi AW, Crippa JA. 2011 Cannabidiol Controlled study Cannabidiol significamtly reduced anxiety.

Show Separate and combined effects of the cannabinoid agonists nabilone and Δ(9)-THC in humans discriminating Δ(9)-THC. Lile JA, Kelly TH, Hays LR. 2011 Delta-9-THC;Nabilone Controlled study THC caused similar effects as nabilone

Show Anxiety Neural basis of anxiolytic effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in generalized social anxiety disorder: a preliminary report. Crippa JA, Derenusson GN, Ferrari TB, Wichert-Ana L, Duran FL, Martin-Santos R, Simões MV, Bhattacharyya S, Fusar-Poli P, Atakan Z, Santos Filho A, Freitas-Ferrari MC, McGuire PK, Zuardi AW, Busatto GF, Hallak JE. 2011 Cannabidiol Controlled study CBD reduces anxiety in patients with generalized social anxiety disorder.

Show The cannabinoid receptor agonist delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol does not affect visceral sensitivity to rectal distension in healthy volunteers and IBS patients. Klooker TK, Leliefeld KE, Van Den Wijngaard RM, Boeckxstaens GE. 2011 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC did not modify visceral perception to rectal distension.

Show Pain Cannabis use in patients with fibromyalgia: effect on symptoms relief and health-related quality of life. Fiz J, Durán M, Capellà D, Carbonell J, Farré M. 2011 Cannabis Open study The use of cannabis was associated with reduction of some fibromyalgia symptoms.

Show Cannabinoid effects on ventilation and breathlessness: A pilot study of efficacy and safety. Pickering EE, Semple SJ, Nazir MS, Murphy K, Snow TM, Cummin AR, Moosavi S, Guz A, Holdcroft A. 2011 Cannabis Controlled study With cannabis participants felt less breathless

Show Cancer Spontaneous regression of septum pellucidum/forniceal pilocytic astrocytomas-possible role of Cannabis inhalation. Foroughi M, Hendson G, Sargent MA, Steinbok P. 2011 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Spontaneous regression of benign brain tumour may have been associated with cannabis use.

Show Multiple sclerosis;Spasticity A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, enriched-design study of nabiximols* (Sativex(®) ), as add-on therapy, in subjects with refractory spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis. Novotna A, Mares J, Ratcliffe S, Novakova I, Vachova M, Zapletalova O, Gasperini C, Pozzilli C, Cefaro L, Comi G, Rossi P, Ambler Z, Stelmasiak Z, Erdmann A, Montalban X, Klimek A, Davies P; the Sativex Spasticity Study Group. 2011 Cannabis Controlled study The cannabis extract significantly reduced spasticity.

Show Tourette’s syndrome Cannabinoids improve driving ability in a Tourette’s patient. Brunnauer A, Segmiller FM, Volkamer T, Laux G, Müller N, Dehning S 2011 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report THC improved driving ability

Show Gastrointestinal disorder;Inflammation Cannabis use amongst patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Lal S, Prasad N, Ryan M, Tangri S, Silverberg MS, Gordon A, Steinhart H. 2011 Cannabis Survey Cannabis use is frequent in patients with chronic intestinal inflammation

Show Posttraumatic stress disorder Medical cannabis use in post-traumatic stress disorder: a naturalistic observational study. Reznik I. 2011 Cannabis Open study In most cases a significant improvement in quality of life and pain, with some positive changes in severity of posttraumatic stress disorder was observed.

Show The medicinal use of cannabis and cannabinoids: an international survey on methods of intake. Hazekamp A, Grotenhermen F, Abrams D, Russo E, Ware M, Navarrete-Varo R, Brenneisen R, Müller-Vahl K. 2011 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC;Nabilone Survey Preferred modes of use were smoking of cannabis (62.9 per cent), inhalation of cannabis with a vaporizer (23.6 per cent), oral use of cannabis in baked goods (7.9 per cent), oral use of cannabis as a tea (2.4 per cent), and oral use of dronabinol/Marinol (1.8 per cent).

Show Diarrhoea;Gastrointestinal disorder;Inflammation Treatment of Crohn’s disease with cannabis: an observational study. Naftali T, Lev LB, Yablekovitz D, Half E, Konikoff FM. 2011 Cannabis Open study Of the 30 patients 21 improved significantly

Show Diarrhoea;Gastrointestinal disorder Pharmacogenetic Trial of a Cannabinoid Agonist Shows Reduced Fasting Colonic Motility in Patients with Non-Constipated Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Wong BS, Camilleri M, Busciglio I, Carlson P, Szarka LA, Burton D, Zinsmeister AR. 2011 Delta-9-THC Controlled study Dronabinol reduces fasting motility of the colon in IBS patients with diarrhoea

Show HIV/AIDS A pilot study of the effects of cannabis on appetite hormones in HIV-infected adult men. Riggs PK, Vaida F, Rossi SS, Sorkin LS, Gouaux B, Grant I, Ellis RJ. 2011 Cannabis Controlled study Cannabis modulates the concentration of appetite hormones

Show Inflammation Impact of cannabis treatment on the quality of life, weight and clinical disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease patients: a pilot prospective study. Lahat A, Lang A, Ben-Horin S. 2011 Cannabis Open study Significant improvement of several symptoms.

Show Pain Cannabinoid-opioid interaction in chronic pain Abrams DI, Couey P, Shade SB, Kelly ME, Benowitz NL 2011 Cannabis Open study Pain was significantly decreased

Show Dependency/withdrawal Dronabinol for the treatment of cannabis dependence: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Levin FR, Mariani JJ, Brooks DJ, Pavlicova M, Cheng W, Nunes EV 2011 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC caused significant improvement in treatment retention and withdrawal symptoms.

Show Cancer Marijuana use is not associated with cervical human papillomavirus natural history or cervical neoplasia in HIV-seropositive or HIV-seronegative women. D’Souza G, Palefsky JM, Zhong Y, Minkoff H, Massad LS, Anastos K, Levine AM, Moxley M, Xue XN, Burk RD, Strickler HD. 2010 Cannabis Open study Cannabis use is not associated with cervical human papillomavirus natural history or cervical neoplasia in HIV-seropositive or HIV-seronegative women.

Show Nausea/vomiting Motion sickness, stress and the endocannabinoid system. Choukèr A, Kaufmann I, Kreth S, Hauer D, Feuerecker M, Thieme D, Vogeser M, Thiel M, Schelling G. 2010 Open study Volunteers who developed acute motion sickness (n = 7) showed lower endocannabinoid levels during parabolic flights.

Show Spasticity Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) for cramps in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a randomised, double-blind crossover trial. Weber M, Goldman B, Truniger S. 2010 Delta-9-THC Controlled study There were no effects on cramp intensity, number of cramps and fasciculation intensity.

Show Tourette’s syndrome Oral Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol improved refractory Gilles de la Tourette syndrome in an adolescent by increasing intracortical inhibition: a case report. Hasan A, Rothenberger A, Münchau A, Wobrock T, Falkai P, Roessner V. 2010 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report THC improved tics allowing parallel stimulant treatment of comorbid ADHD.

Show Appetite loss/weight loss Cannabidiol attenuates the appetitive effects of Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in humans smoking their chosen cannabis. Morgan CJ, Freeman TP, Schafer GL, Curran HV. 2010 Cannabis Open study Effects depended on the ratio of CBD and THC with high CBD reducing appetite enhancing effects of THC.

Show Spasticity;Spinal cord injury A randomized, double-blinded, crossover pilot study assessing the effect of nabilone on spasticity in persons with spinal cord injury. Pooyania S, Ethans K, Szturm T, Casey A, Perry D. 2010 Nabilone Controlled study There was a significant decrease in spasticity by nabilone.

Show Dystonia Tardive Dystonia and the Use of Cannabis. Beckmann Y, Seçil Y, Güngör B, Yiğit T. 2010 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report Significant improvement by cannabis and dronabinol.

Show Dramatic improvement of refractory Isaacs’ syndrome after treatment with dronabinol. Meyniel C, Ollivier Y, Hamidou M, Péréon Y, Derkinderen P. 2010 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report Dramathic improvement of symptoms (profuse sweating, muscular twitching, weight loss)

Show The relationship between substance use and posttraumatic stress disorder in a methadone maintenance treatment program. Villagonzalo KA, Dodd S, Ng F, Mihaly S, Langbein A, Berk M. 2010 Cannabis Survey Cannabis may be used to self-treat posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Show Improvement in refractory psychosis with dronabinol: four case reports. Schwarcz G, Karajgi B. 2010 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report Significant improvement in four patients

Show Pain An Open-Label Comparison of Nabilone and Gabapentin as Adjuvant Therapy or Monotherapy in the Management of Neuropathic Pain in Patients with Peripheral Neuropathy. Bestard JA, Toth CC. 2010 Nabilone Open study The benefits of nabilone are similar as gabapentin

Show Nausea/vomiting;Cancer;Cancer chemotherapy Preliminary efficacy and safety of an oromucosal standardized cannabis extract in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Duran M, Pérez E, Abanades S, Vidal X, Saura C, Majem M, Arriola E, Rabanal M, Pastor A, Farré M, Rams N, Laporte JR, Capellà D. 2010 Cannabis Controlled study Cannabis was superior to placebo in reducing nausea and vomiting in patients refractory to other medications

Show Pain Effect of dronabinol on central neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury: a pilot study. Rintala DH, Fiess RN, Tan G, Holmes SA, Bruel BM. 2010 Delta-9-THC Controlled study No significant difference between THC and diphenhydramine.

Show Multiple sclerosis Randomized controlled trial of Sativex to treat detrusor overactivity in multiple sclerosis. Kavia RB, De Ridder D, Constantinescu CS, Stott CG, Fowler CJ. 2010 Cannabis Controlled study The cannabis extract had some effect on overactive bladder symptoms.

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;HIV/AIDS Efficacy and tolerability of high-dose dronabinol maintenance in HIV-positive marijuana smokers: a controlled laboratory study. Bedi G, Foltin RW, Gunderson EW, Rabkin J, Hart CL, Comer SD, Vosburg SK, Haney M. 2010 Delta-9-THC Controlled study Tolerance developed to the appetite-increasing effects of THC.

Show Pain Smoked cannabis for chronic neuropathic pain: a randomized controlled trial. Ware MA, Wang T, Shapiro S, Robinson A, Ducruet T, Huynh T, Gamsa A, Bennett GJ, Collet JP. 2010 Cannabis Controlled study Cannabis improved pain and sleep quality.

Show Cancer;Pain Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study of the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of THC:CBD Extract and THC Extract in Patients With Intractable Cancer-Related Pain. Johnson JR, Burnell-Nugent M, Lossignol D, Ganae-Motan ED, Potts R, Fallon MT. 2010 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study A cannabis extract containing THC and CBD was superior in reducing pain than placebo.

Show Bipolar disorders Opposite relationships between cannabis use and neurocognitive functioning in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Ringen PA, Vaskinn A, Sundet K, Engh JA, Jónsdóttir H, Simonsen C, Friis S, Opjordsmoen S, Melle I, Andreassen OA. 2010 Cannabis Survey In bipolar disorder subjects, cannabis use was associated with better neurocognitive function, but the opposite was the case for the schizophrenia subjects.

Show Pain Randomised Placebo Controlled Double Blind Clinical Trial of Cannabis Based Medicinal Product (Sativex) in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy: Depression is a Major Confounding Factor. Selvarajah D, Gandhi R, Emery CJ, Tesfaye S. 2010 Cannabis Controlled study No difference between cannabis extract and placebo.

Show Pain The effects of nabilone on sleep in fibromyalgia: results of a randomized controlled trial. Ware MA, Fitzcharles MA, Joseph L, Shir Y. 2010 Nabilone Controlled study Improvement of sleep by nabilone.

Show PTSD contributes to teen and young adult cannabis use disorders. Cornelius JR, Kirisci L, Reynolds M, Clark DB, Hayes J, Tarter R. 2010 Cannabis Survey People with PTSD have a higher risk for cannabis use

Show Pain Adjuvant topical therapy with a cannabinoid receptor agonist in facial postherpetic neuralgia. Phan NQ, Siepmann D, Gralow I, Ständer S. 2010 Other cannabinoids Open study Five of eight patients experienced a good pain relief

Show Multiple sclerosis;Spasticity A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of Sativex, in subjects with symptoms of spasticity due to multiple sclerosis Collin C, Ehler E, Waberzinek G, Alsindi Z, Davies P, Powell K, Notcutt W, O’Leary C, Ratcliffe S, Nováková I, Zapletalova O, Piková J, Ambler Z 2010 Cannabis Controlled study Significant reduction in treatment-resistant spasticity.

Show HIV/AIDS;Pain Smoked medicinal cannabis for neuropathic pain in HIV: a randomized, crossover clinical trial. Ellis RJ, Toperoff W, Vaida F, van den Brande G, Gonzales J, Gouaux B, Bentley H, Atkinson JH. 2009 Cannabis Controlled study Significant pain relief with cannabis.

Show Treatment of a hyperkinetic movement disorder during pregnancy with dronabinol. Farooq MU, Ducommun E, Goudreau J. 2009 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report Improvement of her hyperkinetic movement disorder with no signs of tolerance

Show Effect of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, a cannabinoid receptor agonist, on the triggering of transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations in dogs and humans. Beaumont H, Jensen J, Carlsson A, Ruth M, Lehmann A, Boeckxstaens GE. 2009 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC reduced acid reflux episodes in the first hour after a meal.

Show Multiple sclerosis Psychopathological and cognitive effects of therapeutic cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis: a double-blind, placebo controlled, crossover study. Aragona M, Onesti E, Tomassini V, Conte A, Gupta S, Gilio F, Pantano P, Pozzilli C, Inghilleri M. 2009 Cannabis Controlled study Cannabis did not impair cognition

Show Nausea/vomiting;HIV/AIDS;Pain;Depression;Anxiety Marijuana Effectiveness as an HIV Self-Care Strategy. Corless IB, Lindgren T, Holzemer W, Robinson L, Moezzi S, Kirksey K, Coleman C, Tsai YF, Sanzero Eller L, Hamilton MJ, Sefcik EF, Canaval GE, Rivero Mendez M, Kemppainen JK, Bunch EH, Nicholas PK, Nokes KM, Dole P, Reynolds N. 2009 Cannabis Survey Participants rated cannabis as similar effective as other medications for the treatment of their symptoms.

Show Relief oriented use of marijuana by teens. Bottorff JL, Johnson JL, Moffat BM, Mulvogue T. 2009 Cannabis Survey 20 participants said that they used cannabis to treat health problems.

Show Intestinal Lymphatic Transport Enhances the Post-Prandial Oral Bioavailability of a Novel Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist Via Avoidance of First-Pass Metabolism. Trevaskis NL, Shackleford DM, Charman WN, Edwards GA, Gardin A, Appel-Dingemanse S, Kretz O, Galli B, Porter CJ. 2009 Other cannabinoids Controlled study Systemic bioavailability of the cannabinoid CRA13 increased by more than 4-fold if taken together with a fat-rich meal.

Show Headache/migraine Cluster attacks responsive to recreational cannabis and dronabinol. Robbins MS, Tarshish S, Solomon S, Grosberg BM. 2009 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report Cannabis and THC aborted attacks of headaches.

Show Dependency/withdrawal Intermittent marijuana use is associated with improved retention in naltrexone treatment for opiate-dependence. Raby WN, Carpenter KM, Rothenberg J, Brooks AC, Jiang H, Sullivan M, Bisaga A, Comer S, Nunes EV 2009 Cannabis Open study Better adherence to natrexone therapy with intermittend cannabis use

Show Synthetic delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (dronabinol) can improve the symptoms of schizophrenia. Schwarcz G, Karajgi B, McCarthy R. 2009 Cannabis Open study Improvement in 4 of 6 participants, of whom 3 showed a significant improvement.

Show Spasticity;Multiple sclerosis Lack of effect of cannabis-based treatment on clinical and laboratory measures in multiple sclerosis. Centonze D, Mori F, Koch G, Buttari F, Codecà C, Rossi S, Cencioni MT, Bari M, Fiore S, Bernardi G, Battistini L, Maccarrone M. 2009 Cannabis Controlled study There was no effect of the cannabis extract on spasticity

Show Spasticity;Pain Reposition of a dislocated shoulder under use of cannabis. Schweizer A, Bircher HP. 2009 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Pain and muscular tone decreased and the shoulder was relocated easily.

Show Dependency/withdrawal White matter integrity in adolescents with histories of marijuana use and binge drinking. Jacobus J, McQueeny T, Bava S, Schweinsburg BC, Frank LR, Yang TT, Tapert SF. 2009 Cannabis Open study Brain damage was less in alcohol users who used also cannabis than in alcohol only users.

Show Dependency/withdrawal Cannabis as a substitute for alcohol and other drugs Reiman A. 2009 Cannabis Survey 40 % use cannabis to substitute for alcohol, 26 % to substitute for illegal drugs

Show Pain Characteristics of patients with chronic pain accessing treatment with medical cannabis in Washington State. Aggarwal SK, Carter GT, Sullivan MD, ZumBrunnen C, Morrill R, Mayer JD. 2009 Cannabis Open study 88 % suffer from more than one pain syndrome

Show Cancer A population-based case-control study of marijuana use and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Liang C, McClean MD, Marsit C, Christensen B, Peters E, Nelson HH, Kelsey KT. 2009 Cannabis Survey Subjects who used cannabis had a reduced cancer risk.

Show Multiple sclerosis;Pain Cannabinoid-induced effects on the nociceptive system: a neurophysiological study in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Conte A, Bettolo CM, Onesti E, Frasca V, Iacovelli E, Gilio F, Giacomelli E, Gabriele M, Aragona M, Tomassini V, Pantano P, Pozzilli C, Inghilleri M. 2009 Cannabis Controlled study The study provides objective neurophysiological evidence that cannabinoids modulate the nociceptive system.

Show Nausea/vomiting Use of medical marijuana for treatment of severe intractable nausea after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery: case report. Merriman AR, Oliak DA. 2008 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report THC relieved nausea refractory to other medications

Show Pain Comparison of analgesic effects and patient tolerability of nabilone and dihydrocodeine for chronic neuropathic pain: randomised, crossover, double blind study. Frank B, Serpell MG, Hughes J, Matthews JN, Kapur D. 2008 Nabilone Controlled study Nabilone as effective as hydrocodeine in treating neuropatic pain

Show Nausea/vomiting;Appetite loss/weight loss Evaluation of oral cannabinoid-containing medications for the management of interferon and ribavirin-induced anorexia, nausea and weight loss in patients treated for chronic hepatitis C virus. Costiniuk CT, Mills E, Cooper CL 2008 Delta-9-THC;Nabilone Open study Improvement of appetite and reduction of nausea and vomiting by nabilone and dronabinol (THC)

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;Cancer;Pain Adjunctive nabilone in cancer pain and symptom management: a prospective observational study using propensity scoring. Maida V, Ennis M, Irani S, Corbo M, Dolzhykov M. 2008 Nabilone Open study Significant improvement of pain

Show Pain A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial of Cannabis Cigarettes in Neuropathic Pain. Wilsey B, Marcotte T, Tsodikov A, Millman J, Bentley H, Gouaux B, Fishman S. 2008 Cannabis Controlled study Significant improvement of pain

Show Improvement in refractory obsessive compulsive disorder with dronabinol. Schindler F, Anghelescu I, Regen F, Jockers-Scherubl M. 2008 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report Significant symptom improvement

Show Multiple sclerosis;Dystonia Current status of cannabis treatment of multiple sclerosis with an illustrative case presentation of a patient with MS, complex vocal tics, paroxysmal dystonia, and marijuana dependence treated with dronabinol. Deutsch SI, Rosse RB, Connor JM, Burket JA, Murphy ME, Fox FJ. 2008 Delta-9-THC Open study Significant improvement of symptoms

Show Pain Lack of analgesia by oral standardized cannabis extract on acute inflammatory pain and hyperalgesia in volunteers. Kraft B, Frickey NA, Kaufmann RM, Reif M, Frey R, Gustorff B, Kress HG. 2008 Cannabis Controlled study The cannabis extract showed no analgesic effect in acute experimental pain

Show Pain Analgesic and antihyperalgesic effects of nabilone on experimental heat pain. Redmond WJ, Goffaux P, Potvin S, Marchand S. 2008 Nabilone Controlled study Nabilone did not reduce experimental heat pain

Show Alzheimer’s disease The cannabinoid receptor agonist nabilone for the treatment of dementia-related agitation. Passmore MJ. 2008 Nabilone Uncontrolled case report Dramatic reduction in the severity of agitation and other behavioural symptoms

Show Dependency/withdrawal Use of dronabinol for cannabis dependence: two case reports and review. Levin FR, Kleber HD. 2008 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report THC reduced withdrawal symptoms in cannabis dependence

Show Pain Nabilone for the treatment of pain in fibromyalgia. Skrabek RQ, Galimova L, Ethans K, Perry D. 2008 Nabilone Controlled study Nabilone improved symptoms and was well-tolerated

Show Pain Efficacy of dronabinol as an adjuvant treatment for chronic pain patients on opioid therapy. Narang S, Gibson D, Wasan AD, Ross EL, Michna E, Nedeljkovic SS, Jamison RN. 2008 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC reduced pain

Show Cancer Nabilone for the treatment of paraneoplastic night sweats: a report of four cases. Maida V. 2008 Nabilone Open study Significant improvement of night sweats within 2 days

Show Pain A prospective identification of neuropathic pain in specific chronic polyneuropathy syndromes and response to pharmacological therapy. Toth C, Au S. 2008 Cannabis;Nabilone Open study Similar treatment effects and side effects of cannabinoids compared to other medications

Show Pain Open-label, add-on study of tetrahydrocannabinol for chronic nonmalignant pain. Haroutiunian S, Rosen G, Shouval R, Davidson E. 2008 Delta-9-THC Open study 5 patients reported adequate response to the treatment.

Show Epilepsy Marijuana: an effective antiepileptic treatment in partial epilepsy? A case report and review of the literature. Mortati K, Dworetzky B, Devinsky O. 2007 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Significant improvement of epilepsy with the use of cannabis.

Show Pain Dose-dependent effects of smoked cannabis on capsaicin-induced pain and hyperalgesia in healthy volunteers. Wallace M, Schulteis G, Atkinson JH, Wolfson T, Lazzaretto D, Bentley H, Gouaux B, Abramson I. 2007 Cannabis Controlled study A medium dose of cannabis reduced pain, while a high dose increased pain induced by capsaicin

Show Multiple sclerosis;Pain Oromucosal ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol/cannabidiol for neuropathic pain associated with multiple sclerosis: an uncontrolled, open-label, 2-year extension trial. Rog DJ, Nurmikko TJ, Young CA. 2007 Cannabis Open study No development of tolerance within a period of two years of treatment

Show [Fitness to drive in spite (because) of THC] [Article in German] Strohbeck-Kühner P, Skopp G, Mattern R. 2007 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Significant improvement of driving-related performance

Show Pain Sativex successfully treats neuropathic pain characterised by allodynia: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Nurmikko TJ, Serpell MG, Hoggart B, Toomey PJ, Morlion BJ, Haines D. 2007 Cannabis Controlled study Significant improvement in pain by cannabis

Show Vaporization as a smokeless cannabis delivery system: a pilot study. Abrams DI, Vizoso HP, Shade SB, Jay C, Kelly ME, Benowitz NL 2007 Cannabis Controlled study;Basic research Vaporization of cannabis is a safe and effective mode of delivery of THC

Show Appetite loss/weight loss Anorexia of aging in long term care: is dronabinol an effective appetite stimulant? – a pilot study. Wilson MM, Philpot C, Morley JE 2007 Delta-9-THC Open study A trend towards weight gain

Show Nausea/vomiting;Appetite loss/weight loss;HIV/AIDS THC improves appetite and reverses weight loss in AIDS patients Dejesus E, Rodwick BM, Bowers D, Cohen CJ, Pearce D 2007 Delta-9-THC Open study THC improved appetite and weight and reduced nausea

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;HIV/AIDS Dronabinol and marijuana in HIV-positive marijuana smokers: caloric intake, mood, and sleep. Haney M, Gunderson EW, Rabkin J, Hart CL, Vosburg SK, Comer SD, Foltin RW 2007 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC and cannabis caused an increase in caloric intake and weight

Show Nausea/vomiting;Cancer;Cancer chemotherapy Efficacy of dronabinol alone and in combination with ondansetron versus ondansetron alone for delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Meiri E, Jhangiani H, Vredenburgh JJ, Barbato LM, Carter FJ, Yang HM, Baranowski V. 2007 Delta-9-THC Controlled study Dronabinol was as effective as ondansetron in reducing nausea and vomiting. Combination therapy was not more effective.

Show Spasticity;Multiple sclerosis Randomized controlled trial of cannabis-based medicine in spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis Collin C, Davies P, Mutiboko IK, Ratcliffe S, for the Sativex Spasticity in MS Study Group 2007 Cannabis Controlled study Significantly reduction in spasticity

Show HIV/AIDS;Pain Cannabis in painful HIV-associated sensory neuropathy: A randomized placebo-controlled trial. Abrams DI, Jay CA, Shade SB, Vizoso H, Reda H, Press S, Kelly ME, Rowbotham MC, Petersen KL. 2007 Cannabis Controlled study Smoked cannabis was well tolerated and effectively relieved chronic neuropathic pain from HIV-associated sensory neuropathy.

Show Glaucoma Dronabinol and retinal hemodynamics in humans. Plange N, Arend KO, Kaup M, Doehmen B, Adams H, Hendricks S, Cordes A, Huth J, Sponsel WE, Remky A. 2007 Delta-9-THC Open study THC reduced intraoculat pressure and improved blood circulation in the retina.

Show Pain Nabilone for the treatment of pain in fibromyalgia. Skrabek RQ, Galimova L, Ethansand Daryl K. 2007 Nabilone Controlled study Significant reduction of pain and improvement of quality of life with nabilone

Show Pain Efficacy of dronabinol as an adjuvant treatment for chronic pain patients on opioid therapy Narang S, Gibson D, Wasan AD, Ross EL, Michna E, Nedeljkovic SS, Jamison RN 2007 Delta-9-THC Controlled study;Open study THC had an additional effect on pain relief

Show Spasticity;Spinal cord injury;Pain Sativex® in the Treatment of Central Neuropathic Pain due to Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomised Controlled Study Berman J & the Sativex Spinal Cord Injury Study Group, Bosworth T2 Guy G & Stott C. 2007 Cannabis Controlled study primary outcome mean NRS 11 poitn pain scale – nod difference – BPI secondary ourcome benefit – significant at p<0.032

Show Effects of a cannabinoid receptor agonist on colonic motor and sensory functions in humans: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Esfandyari T, Camilleri M, Busciglio I, Burton D, Baxter K, Zinsmeister AR. 2007 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC relaxes the colon and reduces postprandial colonic motility

Show Cancer;Cancer chemotherapy Medicinal cannabis does not influence the clinical pharmacokinetics of irinotecan and docetaxel. Engels FK, de Jong FA, Sparreboom A, Mathot RA, Loos WJ, Kitzen JJ, de Bruijn P, Verweij J, Mathijssen RH. 2007 Cannabis Open study Cannabis did not influence the pharmacokinetics of the two anti-cancer drugs

Show Bipolar disorders The effect of extreme marijuana use on the long-term course of bipolar I illness: a single case study. El-Mallakh RS, Brown C. 2007 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Cannabis decreased the number of depressed days and increased the number of hypomanic days.

Show Multiple sclerosis Cannabis; adverse effects from an oromucosal spray. Scully C. 2007 Cannabis Open study The spray caused reversible damage to the mucosa

Show Long term marijuana users seeking medical cannabis in California (2001-2007): demographics, social characteristics, patterns of cannabis and other drug use of 4117 applicants. O’Connell TJ, Bou-Matar CB. 2007 Cannabis Survey

Show Spasticity;Spinal cord injury The treatment of spasticity with Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol in persons with spinal cord injury. Hagenbach U, Luz S, Ghafoor N, Berger JM, Grotenhermen F, Brenneisen R, Mader M. 2006 Delta-9-THC Open study Significant improvement of spasticity with THC

Show Multiple sclerosis Randomised controlled study of cannabis-based medicine (Sativex®) in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis associated detrusor overactivity de Ridder D, Constantinescu CS,Fowler C, Kavia R, Sarantis N. 2006 Cannabis Controlled study A significant reduction in the number of voids per day and during the night.

Show Spasticity;Multiple sclerosis A randomised controlled study of Sativex® in patients with symptoms of spasticity due to multiple sclerosis Collin C, Ambler Z, Kent R, McCalla R. 2006 Cannabis Controlled study Spasticity of patients who received cannabis and complied with the study protocol was significantly reduced compared to placebo.

Show Nausea/vomiting;Appetite loss/weight loss;Cancer;Pain;Depression;Anxiety The synthetic cannabinoid nabilone improves pain and symptom management in cancer patients Maida V. 2006 Nabilone Open study Nabilone treatment improved pain, nausea, appetite and several other symptoms

Show Pain Synergistic affective analgesic interaction between delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and morphine. Roberts JD, Gennings C, Shih M. 2006 Delta-9-THC Controlled study There was a synergistic effect between THC and morphine on the affective component of pain but not on the sensory component

Show Pain [(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol and the opioid receptor agonist piritramide do not act synergistically in postoperative pain.] [Article in German] Seeling W, Kneer L, Buchele B, Gschwend JE, Maier L, Nett C, Simmet T, Steffen P, Schneider M, Rockemann M. 2006 Delta-9-THC Controlled study Application of THC reduced the need of an opioid to treat postoperative pain but the difference to placebo was not significant

Show Nausea/vomiting;Appetite loss/weight loss;Cancer;Cancer chemotherapy [Dronabinol for supportive therapy in patients with malignant melanoma and liver metastases.] [Article in German] Zutt M, Hanssle H, Emmert S, Neumann C, Kretschmer L. 2006 Delta-9-THC Open study A significant increase in appetite and decrease in nausea in most patients.

Show Dronabinol reduces signs and symptoms of idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a case report. Raby WN, Modica PA, Wolintz RJ, Murtaugh K. 2006 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report Improvement of signs and symptoms of the disease

Show Cannabidiol monotherapy for treatment-resistant schizophrenia Zuardi AW, Hallak JE, Dursun SM, Morais SL, Faria Sanches R, Musty RE, Crippa JA. 2006 Cannabidiol Open study CBD monotherapy was not effective in treatment-resistant schizophrenia

Show Alzheimer’s disease Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol for night-time agitation in severe dementia Walther S, Mahlberg R, Eichmann U, Kunz D 2006 Delta-9-THC Open study Reduction in night-time agitation in actigraphy and in the neuropsychiatric inventory NPI

Show Pain A multicenter dose-escalation study of the analgesic and adverse effects of an oral cannabis extract (Cannador) for postoperative pain management. Holdcroft A, Maze M, Dore C, Tebbs S, Thompson S. 2006 Cannabis Controlled study The optimal dose was 10 mg Cannador, effectively reducing postoperative pain without serious side effects.

Show Multiple sclerosis The effect of cannabis on urge incontinence in patients with multiple sclerosis: a multicentre, randomised placebo-controlled trial (CAMS-LUTS). Freeman RM, Adekanmi O, Waterfield MR, Waterfield AE, Wright D, Zajicek J. 2006 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study Cannabis and dronabinol caused a significant reduction in incontinence

Show Spasticity;Spinal cord injury [Respiratory failure due to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in a tetraplegic patient.]. [Article in German] Neuburger M, Schley M, Schmelz M, Schuepfer G, Konrad C. 2006 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report Dronabinol reduced spasticity but worsened respiration

Show Cancer A pilot clinical study of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol in patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. Guzman M, Duarte MJ, Blazquez C, Ravina J, Rosa MC, Galve-Roperh I, Sanchez C, Velasco G, Gonzalez-Feria L. 2006 Delta-9-THC Open study THC was well tolerated in this pilot study of intrakranial cannabinoid administration

Show Pain Delta-9-THC based monotherapy in fibromyalgia patients on experimentally induced pain, axon reflex flare, and pain relief. Schley M, Legler A, Skopp G, Schmelz M, Konrad C, Rukwied R. 2006 Delta-9-THC Open study Five of the nine patients withdrew from the study due to side effects. Four patients experienced significant pain relief

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;Cancer Comparison of orally administered cannabis extract and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in treating patients with cancer-related anorexia-cachexia syndrome: a multicenter, phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial from the Cannabis-in-Cachexia-Study-Group Strasser F, Luftner D, Possinger K, Ernst G, Ruhstaller T, Meissner W, Ko YD, Schnelle M, Reif M, Cerny T. 2006 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study No difference between cannabis, THC and placebo

Show [Topical cannabinoid agonists : An effective new possibility for treating chronic pruritus.] [Article in German] Stander S, Reinhardt HW, Luger TA. 2006 Other cannabinoids Open study Topical application of a cream with N-palmitoyl ethanolamine had a good antipruritic effect in most patients.

Show Pain [Benefits of an add-on treatment with the synthetic cannabinomimetic nabilone on patients with chronic pain – a randomized controlled trial.] [Article in German] Pinsger M, Schimetta W, Volc D, Hiermann E, Riederer F, Polz W. 2006 Nabilone Controlled study Nabilone caused a significant reduction in pain and improvement of quality of life.

Show Pain Effects of nabilone, a synthetic cannabinoid, on postoperative pain. Beaulieu P. 2006 Nabilone Controlled study No pain reduction with nabilone.

Show Multiple sclerosis;Pain Low dose treatment with the synthetic cannabinoid Nabilone significantly reduces spasticity-related pain : A double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over trial. Wissel J, Haydn T, Muller J, Brenneis C, Berger T, Poewe W, Schelosky LD. 2006 Nabilone Controlled study Significant reduction of pain

Show Glaucoma Effect of Sublingual Application of Cannabinoids on Intraocular Pressure: A Pilot Study. Tomida I, Azuara-Blanco A, House H, Flint M, Pertwee RG, Robson PJ. 2006 Delta-9-THC;Cannabidiol Controlled study Significant reduction of intraocular pressure

Show Nausea/vomiting;Cancer chemotherapy;Pain Cannabinoids in the management of intractable chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and cancer-related pain. Sutton IR, Daeninck P. 2006 Nabilone Survey;Uncontrolled case report Significant improvement in one case of intractable neuropathic pain and one case of refractory cinv

Show Pain Preliminary assessment of the efficacy, tolerability and safety of a cannabis-based medicine (Sativex) in the treatment of pain caused by rheumatoid arthritis. Blake DR, Robson P, Ho M, Jubb RW, McCabe CS. 2006 Cannabis Controlled study Cannabis produced improvements in pain and sleep

Show Efficacy and safety of dexanabinol in severe traumatic brain injury: results of a phase III randomised, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Maas AI, Murray G, Henney H 3rd, Kassem N, Legrand V, Mangelus M, Muizelaar JP, Stocchetti N, Knoller N; Pharmos TBI investigators. 2006 Other cannabinoids Controlled study No effect of dexanabinol

Show Nausea/vomiting Survey of medicinal cannabis use among childbearing women: patterns of its use in pregnancy and retroactive self-assessment of its efficacy against ‘morning sickness’. Westfall RE, Janssen PA, Lucas P, Capler R. 2006 Cannabis Survey Cannabis effective against nausea and vomiting

Show Pain Experience with the synthetic cannabinoid nabilone in chronic noncancer pain. Berlach DM, Shir Y, Ware MA. 2006 Nabilone Open study 9 patients reported reduced pain intensity

Show Nausea/vomiting Prevention of nausea and vomiting following breast surgery. Layeeque R, Siegel E, Kass R, Henry-Tillman RS, Colvert M, Mancino A, Klimberg VS. 2006 Delta-9-THC Open study Postoperative nausea and vomiting was reduced by prophylactic administration of dronabinol and prochlorperazine

Show Effect of a cannabinoid agonist on gastrointestinal transit and postprandial satiation in healthy human subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Esfandyari T, Camilleri M, Ferber I, Burton D, Baxter K, Zinsmeister AR. 2006 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC retarded gastric emptying

Show Nausea/vomiting Cannabis use improves retention and virological outcomes in patients treated for hepatitis C. Sylvestre DL, Clements BJ, Malibu Y. 2006 Cannabis Open study Participants who used cannabis maintained adherence to treatment more offen

Show Spasticity;Multiple sclerosis;Pain Long-term use of a cannabis-based medicine in the treatment of spasticity and other symptoms in multiple sclerosis. Wade DT, Makela PM, House H, Bateman C, Robson P. 2006 Cannabis Open study Long-term use of cannabis maintains its therapeutic effects

Show Spasticity;Multiple sclerosis;Pain Cannabis use in patients with multiple sclerosis. Chong MS, Wolff K, Wise K, Tanton C, Winstock A, Silber E. 2006 Cannabis Survey A subgroup of patients with severe disabilitiy appears to derive some benefit

Show Pain Evaluation of herbal cannabis characteristics by medical users: a randomized trial. Ware MA, Ducruet T, Robinson AR. 2006 Cannabis Controlled study Medical cannabis users can appreciate differences in herbal cannabis products

Show Dependency/withdrawal Concurrent cannabis use during treatment for comorbid ADHD and cocaine dependence: effects on outcome. Aharonovich E, Garawi F, Bisaga A, Brooks D, Raby WN, Rubin E, Nunes EV, Levin FR. 2006 Cannabis Open study Moderate cannabis use had a positive effect of retention rates and abstinence from cocaine

Show Spasticity;Multiple sclerosis Cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis (CAMS) study: safety and efficacy data for 12 months follow up. Zajicek JP, Sanders HP, Wright DE, Vickery PJ, Ingram WM, Reilly SM, Nunn AJ, Teare LJ, Fox PJ, Thompson AJ. 2005 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study Spasticity in the Ashworth scale was significantly reduced by an average of 1.82 in the THC group; no significant reduction in the cannabis group

Show Spasticity;Multiple sclerosis Cannabis-based medicinal extract (Sativex) produced significant improvements in a subjective measure of spasticity which were maintained on long-term treatment with no evidence of tolerance. Robson P, Wade D, Makela P, House H, Bateman C 2005 Cannabis Controlled study Beneficial effects of cannabis on spasticity in MS seem to be maintained over long-term treatment, with no evidence of tolerance.

Show HIV/AIDS;Pain Smoked cannabis therapy for HIV-related painful peripheral neuropathy: results of a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Abrams DI, Jay CA, Vizoso H, Shade SB, Reda H, Press S, Kelly ME, Rowbotham M, Petersen K 2005 Cannabis Controlled study Smoked cannabis is effective in reducing HIV-related neuropathic pain

Show Epilepsy Treatment with CBD in oily solution of drug-resistant paediatric epilepsies. Pelliccia A, Grassi G, Romano A, Crocchialo P 2005 Cannabidiol Open study Improvement of epilepsy without side effects

Show Pain Standardized cannabis extract in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia – a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study. Ernst G, Denke C, Reif M, Schnelle M, Hagmeister H 2005 Cannabis Controlled study Cannabis did not reduce pain

Show Multiple sclerosis;Pain Randomized, controlled trial of cannabis-based medicine in central pain in multiple sclerosis. Rog DJ, Nurmikko TJ, Friede T, Young CA. 2005 Cannabis Controlled study Cannabis is effective in reducing pain and sleep disturbance in patients with multiple sclerosis related central neuropathic pain

Show Nausea/vomiting;HIV/AIDS Marijuana use and its association with adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected persons with moderate to severe nausea. de Jong BC, Prentiss D, McFarland W, Machekano R, Israelski DM. 2005 Cannabis Open study Cannabis improved adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV/AIDS

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;HIV/AIDS;Alzheimer’s disease Dronabinol and marijuana in HIV(+) marijuana smokers: acute effects on caloric intake and mood. Haney M, Rabkin J, Gunderson E, Foltin RW. 2005 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC and cannabis cause increased caloric intake

Show Appetite loss/weight loss Dronabinol – eine mögliche neue Therapieoption bei COPD-Patienten mit pulmonaler Kachexie [Dronabinol, a possible new therapeutic option in patients with COPD and pulmonal cachexia] Bergmann K-C 2005 Delta-9-THC Open study On average 1,5 kg of weight gain and increase of walking distance

Show Nausea/vomiting;Appetite loss/weight loss;HIV/AIDS;Pain;Anxiety Cannabis use in HIV for pain and other medical symptoms. Woolridge E, Barton S, Samuel J, Osorio J, Dougherty A, Holdcroft A. 2005 Cannabis Survey 27% used cannabis for the treatment of various symptoms

Show Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol effects in schizophrenia: implications for cognition, psychosis, and addiction. D’Souza DC, Abi-Saab WM, Madonick S, Forselius-Bielen K, Doersch A, Braley G, Gueorguieva R, Cooper TB, Krystal JH. 2005 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC is associated with transient exacerbation in core psychotic and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.

Show Pain;Depression;Anxiety Cannabis use in sickle cell disease: a questionnaire study. Howard J, Anie KA, Holdcroft A, Korn S, Davies SC. 2005 Cannabis Survey 36% had used cannabis to treat symptoms

Show Dependency/withdrawal Low efficacy of non-opioid drugs in opioid withdrawal symptoms. Hermann D, Klages E, Welzel H, Mann K, Croissant B. 2005 Cannabis Survey Only low efficacy of cannabis in alleviating opioid withdrawal symptoms

Show Efficacy and tolerance of the cream containing structured physiological lipids with endocannabinoids in the treatment of uremic pruritus: a preliminary study. Szepietowski JC, Szepietowski T, Reich A. 2005 Other cannabinoids Open study Improvement of pruritus with the cream

Show The medicinal use of cannabis in the UK: results of a nationwide survey. Ware MA, Adams H, Guy GW. 2005 Cannabis Survey Cannabis use was reported by 25 % of patients with chronic pain and 22 % of patients with multiple sclerosis

Show Clinical improvement and reduction of immunosuppressive drug therapy in cannabis treated patients with crohn’s disease. Hergenrather JY, Mikuriya TH, Bearman D. 2005 Cannabis Survey The majority of patients found a substantial improvement of their symptoms

Show Multiple sclerosis Cannabinoid influence on cytokine profile in multiple sclerosis. Katona S, Kaminski E, Sanders H, Zajicek J. 2005 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study There were no significant effects of cannabinoids on the cytokine profiles examined.

Show Pain Efficacy of two cannabis based medicinal extracts for relief of central neuropathic pain from brachial plexus avulsion: results of a randomised controlled trial. Berman JS, Symonds C, Birch R. 2004 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study Significant pain relief and improvement of sleep

Show Parkinson’s disease Cannabis for dyskinesia in Parkinson disease: a randomized double-blind crossover study. Carroll CB, Bain PG, Teare L, Liu X, Joint C, Wroath C, Parkin SG, Fox P, Wright D, Hobart J, Zajicek JP. 2004 Cannabis Controlled study Cannabis had no treatment effect on levodopa-induced dyskinesia.

Show Parkinson’s disease Survey on cannabis use in Parkinson’s disease: subjective improvement of motor symptoms. Venderova K, Ruzicka E, Vorisek V, Visnovsky P. 2004 Cannabis Survey 25% of the respondents had taken cannabis and 45.9% of these described some form of benefit.

Show Multiple sclerosis;Pain Does the cannabinoid dronabinol reduce central pain in multiple sclerosis? Randomised double blind placebo controlled crossover trial Svendsen KB, Jensen TS, Bach FW 2004 Delta-9-THC Controlled study Significant reduction of pain by THC

Show Spasticity;Multiple sclerosis;Pain;Tremor Do cannabis-based medicinal extracts have general or specific effects on symptoms in multiple sclerosis? A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study on 160 patients. Wade DT, Makela P, Robson P, House H, Bateman C. 2004 Cannabis Controlled study Spasticity scores were significantly reduced by cannabis.

Show Spasticity;Multiple sclerosis Efficacy of tetrahydrocannabinol in patients refractory to standard antiemetic therapy.Efficacy, safety and tolerability of an orally administered cannabis extract in the treatment of spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Vaney C, Heinzel-Gutenbrunner M, Jobin P, Tschopp F, Gattlen B, Hagen U, Schnelle M, Reif M. 2004 Cannabis Controlled study Significant reduction in spasm frequency in the 37 patients who received at least 90% of the dose.

Show Multiple sclerosis An open-label pilot study of cannabis-based extracts for bladder dysfunction in advanced multiple sclerosis. Brady CM, DasGupta R, Dalton C, Wiseman OJ, Berkley KJ, Fowler CJ. 2004 Cannabis Open study Urinary urgency, the number and volume of incontinence episodes, frequency and nocturia all decreased.

Show Multiple sclerosis;Tremor The effect of cannabis on tremor in patients with multiple sclerosis. Fox P, Bain PG, Glickman S, Carroll C, Zajicek J. 2004 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC;Other cannabinoids Controlled study No significant improvement of tremor

Show Pain Are oral cannabinoids safe and effective in refractory neuropathic pain? Attal N, Brasseur L, Guirimand D, Clermond-Gnamien S, Atlami S, Bouhassira D 2004 Delta-9-THC Open study No significant decraese of pain in 7 patients, more than 60% decrease in one patient

Show Dependency/withdrawal Marijuana withdrawal in humans: effects of oral THC or divalproex. Haney M, Hart CL, Vosburg SK, Nasser J, Bennett A, Zubaran C, Foltin RW. 2004 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC abolished withdrawal symptoms

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;HIV/AIDS;Pain;Depression Patterns of marijuana use among patients with HIV/AIDS followed in a public health care setting. Prentiss D, Power R, Balmas G, Tzuang G, Israelski DM. 2004 Cannabis Survey Improvement of pain, appetite and depression/anxiety by using cannabis

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;Spasticity;Pain;Depression Survey of cannabis use in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amtmann D, Weydt P, Johnson KL, Jensen MP, Carter GT. 2004 Cannabis Survey Moderate improvement of pain, spasticity, appetite and depression

Show Pain Initial experiences with medicinal extracts of cannabis for chronic pain: results from 34 ‘N of 1’ studies. Notcutt W, Price M, Miller R, Newport S, Phillips C, Simmons S, Sansom C. 2004 Cannabis Controlled study Improvement of pain

Show Effect of Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol on nocturnal sleep and early-morning behavior in young adults. Nicholson AN, Turner C, Stone BM, Robson PJ. 2004 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC;Cannabidiol Controlled study THC had sedative effects, CBD had alerting effects

Show Cannabis improves night vision: A pilot study of dark adaptometry and scotopic sensitivity in kif smokers of the Rif Mountains of Northern Morocco. Russo EB, Merzouki A, Molero Mesa J, Frey KA, Bach PJ. 2004 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study Oral THC and smoking of cannabis improved night vision

Show Dependency/withdrawal Cannabis as a Substitute for Alcohol: A Harm-Reduction Approach Mikuriya TH 2004 Cannabis;Nabilone Uncontrolled case report Cannabis is a successful substituent of alcohol

Show Spasticity;Spinal cord injury;Multiple sclerosis;Pain A preliminary controlled study to determine whether whole-plant cannabis extracts can improve intractable neurogenic symptoms. Wade DT, Robson P, House H, Makela P, Aram J. 2003 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC;Cannabidiol Controlled study Pain relief associated with both THC and CBD was significantly superior to placebo. Impaired bladder control, muscle spasms and spasticity were improved by cannabis in some patients

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;Alzheimer’s disease Safety and efficacy of dronabinol in the treatment of agitation in patients with Alzheimer’s disease with anorexia: A retrospective chart review Patel S, Shua-Haim JR, Pass M 2003 Delta-9-THC Open study Weight gain in all, reduction of agitation in 65%.

Show HIV/AIDS Short-term effects of cannabinoids in patients with HIV-1 infection: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Abrams DI, Hilton JF, Leiser RJ, Shade SB, Elbeik TA, Aweeka FT, Benowitz NL, Bredt BM, Kosel B, Aberg JA, Deeks SG, Mitchell TF, Mulligan K, Bacchetti P, McCune JM, Schambelan M 2003 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study Cannabis and THC had no significant effect on HI virus load and on CD4+ and CD8+ cell count

Show Spasticity;Spinal cord injury The treatment of spasticity with D9-tetrahydrocannabinol (D9-THC) in patients with spinal cord injury Hagenbach U, Luz S, Brenneisen R, Mäder M 2003 Delta-9-THC Controlled study Significant reduction of spasticity

Show Spasticity;Dystonia;Epilepsy;Anxiety Experiences with THC-treatment in children and adolescents Lorenz R 2003 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report Positive effects of THC in children with severe neurological disorders

Show Multiple sclerosis;Pain Randomised controlled trial of cannabis based medicinal extracts (CBME) in central neuropathic pain due to multiple sclerosis. Young CA, Rog DJ 2003 Cannabis Controlled study Significant reduction in pain

Show Pain Efficacy of two cannabis-based medicinal extracts for relief of central neuropathic pain from brachial plexus avulsion: results of a randomised controlled trial Berman J, Lee J, Cooper M, Cannon A, Sach J, McKerral S, Taggart M, Symonds C, Fishel K, Birch R 2003 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study Significant pain relief and improvement of sleep

Show Pain Analgesic effect of the synthetic cannabinoid CT-3 on chronic neuropathic pain: a randomized controlled trial. Karst M, Salim K, Burstein S, Conrad I, Hoy L, Schneider U. 2003 Other cannabinoids Controlled study Significant reduction of pain

Show Pain Cannabis use for chronic non-cancer pain: results of a prospective survey. Ware MA, Doyle CR, Woods R, Lynch ME, Clark AJ 2003 Cannabis Survey Cannabis use is prevalent among the chronic non-cancer pain population

Show Alzheimer’s disease Open-label study of dronabinol in the treatment of refractory agitation in Alzheimer’s disease: a pilot study Ross JS, Shua-Haim JR 2003 Delta-9-THC Open study Significant reduction of agitation

Show HIV/AIDS;Pain The effects of smoked cannabis in painful peripheral neuropathy and cancer pain refractory to opiods. Abrams DI, Jay Ch, Petersen K, Shade S, Vizoso H, Reda H, Benowitz N, Rowbotham M. 2003 Cannabis Open study 10 of the 16 participants experienced a greater than 30% reduction in their pain

Show Tourette’s syndrome Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is effective in the treatment of tics in Tourette syndrome: a 6-week randomized trial. Muller-Vahl KR, Schneider U, Prevedel H, Theloe K, Kolbe H, Daldrup T, Emrich HM. 2003 Delta-9-THC Controlled study Results provide evidence that THC is effective in the treatment of tics.

Show Pain Lack of analgesic efficacy of oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in postoperative pain. Buggy DJ, Toogood L, Maric S, Sharpe P, Lambert DG, Rowbotham DJ 2003 Delta-9-THC Controlled study 5 mg was ineffective in reduding postoperative pain.

Show Spasticity;Multiple sclerosis;Pain Cannabinoids for treatment of spasticity and other symptoms related to multiple sclerosis (CAMS study): multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial. Zajicek J, Fox P, Sanders H, Wright D, Vickery J, Nunn A, Thompson A, on behalf of the UK 2003 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study No effect of cannabinoids on spasticity as measured by the Ashworth scale, while patient-reported spasticity and pain decreased.

Show Pain A case of cannabinoid rotation in a young woman with chronic cystitis Krenn H Daha LK Oczenski W Fitzgerald R D 2003 Delta-9-THC;Nabilone Uncontrolled case report THC reduced pain with low side effects; nabilone caused strong psychic side effects

Show Pain Cannabis reduces opioid dose in the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain. Lynch ME, Clark AJ. 2003 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Improvement in pain, spasticity, bladder spasm, and sleep.

Show Spasticity;Multiple sclerosis;Pain;Depression Cannabis use as described by people with multiple sclerosis. Page SA, Verhoef MJ, Stebbins RA, Metz LM, Levy JC. 2003 Cannabis Survey Improvement of pain, spasticity and anxiety/depression

Show Pain The analgesic effect of oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), morphine, and a THC-morphine combination in healthy subjects under experimental pain conditions. Naef M, Curatolo M, Petersen-Felix S, Arendt-Nielsen L, Zbinden A, Brenneisen R. 2003 Delta-9-THC Controlled study No effect of THC on experimental pain in healthy subjects

Show Survey on the medical use of cannabis and THC in Germany. Grotenhermen F, Schnelle M. 2003 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Survey Cannabis and THC were effective in many conditions

Show Histamine induced responses are attenuated by a cannabinoid receptor agonist in human skin. Dvorak M, Watkinson A, McGlone F, Rukwied R. 2003 Other cannabinoids Controlled study Peripheral administration of HU210 attenuates histamine-induced itch

Show Pain Cannabinoid agonists attenuate capsaicin-induced responses in human skin. Rukwied R, Watkinson A, McGlone F, Dvorak M. 2003 Other cannabinoids Controlled study A topically applied cannabinoid receptor agonist (HU210) reduced pain caused by capsaicin

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;Cancer Dronabinol versus megestrol acetate versus combination therapy for cancer-associated anorexia: a North Central Cancer Treatment Group study. Jatoi A, Windschitl HE, Loprinzi CL, Sloan JA, Dakhil SR, Mailliard JA, Pundaleeka S, Kardinal CG, Fitch TR, Krook JE, Novotny PJ, Christensen B. 2002 Delta-9-THC Controlled study megestrol acetate was superior to THC

Show Pain [The therapeutic use of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (dronabinol) in refractory neuropathic pain] [Article in French]. Clermont-Gnamien S, Atlani S, Attal N, Le Mercier F, Guirimand F, Brasseur L. 2002 Delta-9-THC Open study No signficant effect of THC on pain

Show Tourette’s syndrome Treatment of Tourette’s syndrome with Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC): a randomized crossover trial. Muller-Vahl KR, Schneider U, Koblenz A, Jobges M, Kolbe H, Daldrup T, Emrich HM. 2002 Delta-9-THC Controlled study Significant improvement of tics and obsessive-compulsive behavior after treatment with THC.

Show Dystonia Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the potential of cannabinoid receptor stimulation in the treatment of dystonia. Fox SH, Kellett M, Moore AP, Crossman AR, Brotchie JM 2002 Nabilone Controlled study No significant reduction in dystonia following treatment with nabilone

Show Spasticity;Multiple sclerosis Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of orally administered cannabinoids in MS. Killestein J, Hoogervorst EL, Reif M, Kalkers NF, Van Loenen AC, Staats PG, Gorter RW, Uitdehaag BM, Polman CH 2002 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Controlled study Compared with placebo, neither THC nor plant-extract treatment reduced spasticity.

Show Preliminary observation with dronabinol in patients with intractable pruritus secondary to cholestatic liver disease. Neff GW, O’Brien CB, Reddy KR, Bergasa NV, Regev A, Molina E, Amaro R, Rodriguez MJ, Chase V, Jeffers L, Schiff E. 2002 Delta-9-THC Open study THC signficantly reduced intractable cholestatic related pruritus

Show Spasticity A casuistic rationale for the treatment of spastic and myocloni in a childhood neurodegenerative disease: neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis of the type Jansky-Bielschowsky. Lorenz R. 2002 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report Improvement of spasticity

Show Chronic Cannabis Use in the Compassionate Investigational New Drug Program: An Examination of Benefits and Adverse Effects of Legal Clinical Cannabis E. Russo, M.L. Mathre, A. Byrne, R. Velin, P.J. Bach, J. Sanchez-Ramos, K.A. Kirlin 2002 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Effective treatment of different serious conditions with cannabis

Show Dependency/withdrawal Crack heads and roots daughters: The therapeutic use of cannabis in Jamaica. Dreher M. 2002 Cannabis Open study Cannabis was the most effective and readily available therapy to quit cocaine use

Show Nausea/vomiting Hyperemesis Gravidarum and Clinical Cannabis: To Eat or Not to Eat? Curry W-NL 2002 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Cannabis effective in treating nausea and vomiting in pregnant women

Show Cannabis treatments in obstetrics and gynecology: A historical review. Russo E. 2002 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Cannabis was effective in a wide range of gynecological conditions

Show Tourette’s syndrome Müller-Vahl KR, Schneider U, Emrich HM. Combined treatment of Tourette syndrome with delta-9-THC and dopamine receptor agonists. 2002 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report THC may be combined with neuroleptics

Show Parkinson’s disease Cannabinoids reduce levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease: a pilot study. Sieradzan KA, Fox SH, Hill M, Dick JP, Crossman AR, Brotchie JM 2001 Nabilone Controlled study significant reduction of levodopa-induced dyskinesia

Show Nausea/vomiting Antiemetic efficacy of smoked marijuana: subjective and behavioral effects on nausea induced by syrup of ipecac. Soderpalm AH, Schuster A, de Wit H 2001 Cannabis Controlled study Ondansetron superior to cannabis in reducing nausea and vomiting

Show Spinal cord injury Clinical investigation of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) as an alternative therapy for overactive bladders in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Hagenbach U, Ghafoor N, Brenneisen R, Luz S, Mäder M. 2001 Delta-9-THC Controlled study Significant improvement of some parameters of bladder function

Show Multiple sclerosis Acute and chronic effects of cannabis based medicinal extract on refractory lower urinary tract dysfunction in patients with advanced multiple sclerosis – early results Brady CM, DasGupta R, Wiseman OJ, Berkley KJ, Fowler CJ 2001 Cannabis Open study Mean maximum cystometric capacity increased

Show Pain [Tetrahydrocannabinol for treatment of chronic pain] [Article in German] Elsner F, Radbruch L, Sabatowski R. 2001 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report Sufficient pain relief in three patients

Show Nausea/vomiting;Cancer;Cancer chemotherapy Effects of smoked cannabis and oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on nausea and emesis after cancer chemotherapy: A review of state clinical trials. Musty RE, Rossi R. 2001 Cannabis;Delta-9-THC Open study Cannabis caused symptom relief in 70-100%, dronabinol caused symptom relief in 76-88%

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;Spasticity;Pain Marijuana in the management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Carter GT, Rosen BS. 2001 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Cannabis relieved several symptoms of ALS

Show HIV/AIDS Differential Effects of Medical Marijuana Based on Strain and Route of Administration: A Three-Year Observational Study Corral VL 2001 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report

Show Hemp for headache: An in-depth historical and scientific review of cannabis in migraine treatment. Russo EB 2001 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Cannabis may be effective in the treatment of headache

Show Nausea/vomiting;Appetite loss/weight loss;HIV/AIDS Marijuana Use in HIV-Positive and AIDS Patients: Results of an Anonymous Mail Survey Sidney S. 2001 Cannabis Survey 22.4 % used cannabis for medicinal purposes

Show Pain Antinociceptive, subjective and behavioral effects of smoked marijuana in humans. Greenwald MK, Stitzer ML. 2000 Cannabis Controlled study Cannabis produced dose-dependent antinociception

Show Multiple sclerosis Randomised controlled trial of cannabis based medicine (CBM, Stativex®) to treat detrusor overactivity in multiple sclerosis. Kavia R, De Ridder D, Sarantis N, Constantinescu C, Fowler. 2000 Cannabis Controlled study There was no effect on daily incontinence, but the cannabis extract was superior to placebo for nocturia.

Show Tourette’s syndrome Treatment of Tourette’s syndrome with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Muller-Vahl KR, Schneider U, Kolbe H, Emrich HM. 1999 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report Improvement of tics and obsessive-compulsive behavior

Show Multiple sclerosis;Pain Analgesic effect of the cannabinoid analogue nabilone is not mediated by opioid receptors. Hamann W, di Vadi PP. 1999 Nabilone Open study Relieve of pain

Show Dependency/withdrawal Therapeutic use of cannabis by crack addicts in Brazil. Labigalini E Jr, Rodrigues LR, Da Silveira DX. 1999 Cannabis Open study Cannabis use helped patients to quit crack use by reducing the craving symptoms

Show Dependency/withdrawal Therapeutic use of cannabis by crack addicts in Brazil. Labigalini E, Jr., Rodrigues LR, Da Silveira DX. 1999 Cannabis Open study Cannabis reduced craving and helped patients to quit cocaine

Show Bipolar disorders The use of cannabis as a mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder: anecdotal evidence and the need for clinical research. Grinspoon L, Bakalar JB. 1998 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report A number of patients find cannabis (marihuana) useful in the treatment of their bipolar disorder

Show Tourette’s syndrome Cannabinoids: possible role in patho-physiology and therapy of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Muller-Vahl KR, Kolbe H, Schneider U, Emrich HM. 1998 Cannabis Survey Evidence that marijuana improves tics and behavioural disorders in TS.

Show Parkinson’s disease The effects of the cannabinoid receptor agonist nabilone on L-DOPA induced dyskinesia in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD). Sieradzan KA, Fox SH, Dick J, Brotchie JM. 1998 Nabilone Controlled study Activation of cannabinoid receptors can reduce L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in man without aggravating parkinsonism.

Show Hiccups Marijuana for intractable hiccups. Gilson I, Busalacchi M. 1998 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Smoking cannabis stopped hiccups that did not respond to usual medications on the 8th day

Show Spasticity;Multiple sclerosis;Pain;Tremor;Depression The perceived effects of smoked cannabis on patients with multiple sclerosis. Consroe P, Musty R, Rein J, Tillery W, Pertwee R 1997 Cannabis Survey In more than 80% improvement of spasticity, pain, tremor, depression, anxiety, and paresthesia

Show Pain Pain relief with oral cannabinoids in familial Mediterranean fever. Holdcroft A, Smith M, Jacklin A, Hodgson H, Smith B, Newton M, Evans F 1997 Cannabis Controlled study reduction of need for morphin

Show Nausea/vomiting;Cancer;Cancer chemotherapy Intractable nausea and vomiting due to gastrointestinal mucosal metastases relieved by tetrahydrocannabinol (dronabinol). Gonzalez-Rosales F, Walsh D 1997 Delta-9-THC Uncontrolled case report patients was treated with several antiemetic drugs, but it was not until dronabinol was added that the nausea and vomiting stopped

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;HIV/AIDS Long-term efficacy and safety of dronabinol for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated anorexia. Beal JE, Olson R, Lefkowitz L, Laubenstein L, Bellman P, Yangco B, Morales JO, Murphy R, Powderly W, Plasse TF, Mosdell KW, Shepard KV 1997 Delta-9-THC Open study tendency to stable weight for 7 months

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;HIV/AIDS The safety and pharmacokinetics of single-agent and combination therapy with megestrol acetate and dronabinol for the treatment of HIV wasting syndrome. The DATRI 004 Study Group. Division of AIDS Treatment Research Initiative. Timpone JG, Wright DJ, Li N, Egorin MJ, Enama ME, Mayers J, Galetto G 1997 Delta-9-THC Controlled study weight loss with THC, weight gain with megestrol acetate

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;Alzheimer’s disease Effects of dronabinol on anorexia and disturbed behavior in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Volicer L, Stelly M, Morris J, McLaughlin J, Volicer BJ 1997 Delta-9-THC Controlled study higher weight gain with THC; reduction of disturbed behaviour with THC

Show Nausea/vomiting;Cancer chemotherapy Marijuana to prevent nausea and vomiting in cancer patients: a survey of clinical oncologists. Schwartz RH, Voth EA, Sheridan MJ. 1997 Cannabis Survey Only a small percentage of oncologists prescribed marijuana

Show Multiple sclerosis; Spinal cord injury; Spasticity; Pain The effect of orally and rectally administered delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on spasticity: a pilot study with 2 patients. Brenneisen R, Egli A, Elsohly MA, Henn V, Spiess Y 1996 Delta-9-THC improvement of joint function and ability to walk; in 1 patient additional alleviation of pain

Show Cancer chemotherapy; Nausea/vomiting An efficient new cannabinoid antiemetic in pediatric oncology. Abrahamov A, Abrahamov A, Mechoulam R 1995 Delta-9-THC Open study complete prevention of emesis

Show Multiple sclerosis; Spasticity Nabilone in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Martyn CN, Illis LS, Thom J 1995 Nabilone Controlled study improvement of muscle spasms and frequency of nocturia

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;HIV/AIDS;Depression Dronabinol as a treatment for anorexia associated with weight loss in patients with AIDS. Beal JE, Olson R, Laubenstein L, Morales JO, Bellman P, Yangco B, Lefkowitz L, Plasse TF, Shepard KV 1995 Delta-9-THC Controlled study increased appetite; improvement in mood; stabel weight

Show Spasticity;Spinal cord injury Treatment of spasticity in spinal cord injury with dronabinol, a tetrahydrocannabinol derivative. Kogel RW, Johnson PB, Chintam R, Robinson CJ, Nemchausky BA. 1995 Delta-9-THC Open study Spasticity was markedly improved in 2 o 5 patients

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;Cancer A phase II study of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol for appetite stimulation in cancer-associated anorexia. Nelson K, Walsh D, Deeter P, Sheehan F 1994 Delta-9-THC Open study increase of appetite in 13 patients

Show Multiple sclerosis Short-term effects of smoking marijuana on balance in patients with multiple sclerosis and normal volunteers Greenberg HS, Werness SAS, Pugh JE, Andrus RO, Anderson DJ, Domino EF 1994 Cannabis Controlled study Cannabis reduced posture and balance in patients with MS

Show Nausea/vomiting Effect of nabilone on nausea and vomiting after total abdominal hysterectomy. Lewis IH, Campbell DN, Barrowcliffe MP. 1994 Nabilone Controlled study Nabilone and metoclopramide were equally effective in reducing nausea and vomiting

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;HIV/AIDS Effect of dronabinol on nutritional status in HIV infection. Struwe M, Kaempfer SH, Geiger CJ, Pavia AT, Plasse TF, Shepard KV, Ries K, Evans TG. 1993 Delta-9-THC Controlled study Trends toward weight gain, improved appetite, decreased symptom stress

Show Tourette’s syndrome Effective treatment of Tourette’s syndrome with marijuana. Hemming M, Yellowlees PM. 1993 Cannabis Uncontrolled case report Improvement of symptoms with cannabis

Show HIV/AIDS; Appetite loss/weight loss; Depression Dronabinol stimulates appetite and causes weight gain in HIV patients. Plasse T, Conant M, Gorter R, Shepard KV 1992 Delta-9-THC Controlled study increase in appetite, trend toward weight gain

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;HIV/AIDS Dronabinol effects on weight in patients with HIV infection. Gorter R, Seefried M, Volberding P 1992 Delta-9-THC Open study weight gain

Show Nausea/vomiting;Cancer;Cancer chemotherapy Dronabinol and prochlorperazine in combination for treatment of cancer chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Lane M, Vogel CL, Ferguson J, Krasnow S, Saiers JL, Hamm J 1991 Delta-9-THC Controlled study prochlorperazine better than THC, both drugs combined better than both alone

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;HIV/AIDS Recent clinical experience with dronabinol. Plasse TF, Gorter RW, Krasnow SH, Lane M, Shepard KV, Wadleigh RG 1991 Delta-9-THC Open study Significant weight gain

Show Controlled clincal trial of cannabidiol in Huntington’s disease. Consroe P, Laguna J, Allender J, Snider S, Stern L, Sandyk R, Kennedy K, Schram K 1991 Cannabidiol Controlled study CBD was neither symptomatically effective nor toxic.

Show Nausea/vomiting;Cancer chemotherapy Marijuana as antiemetic medicine: a survey of oncologists’ experiences and attitudes. Doblin RE, Kleiman MA. 1991 Cannabis Survey 54% of oncologists thought marijuana should be available on prescription

Show Spasticity;Spinal cord injury;Pain Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol shows antispastic and analgesic effects in a single case double-blind trial. Maurer M, Henn V, Dittrich A, Hofmann A 1990 Delta-9-THC Controlled study THC and codeine reduced pain; THC reduced spasticity

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;Cancer Dronabinol enhancement of appetite in cancer patients. Wadleigh R, Spaulding GM, Lumbersky B, Zimmer M, Shepard K, Plasse T 1990 Delta-9-THC Open study Patients continued to loose, but the weight loss decreased in all groups; appetite and mood increased

Show Parkinson’s disease Marijuana for parkinsonian tremor. Frankel JP, Hughes A, Lees AJ, Stern GM. 1990 Cannabis Open study No improvement of tremor

Show Appetite loss/weight loss;Cancer Dronabinol enhancement of appetite in cancer patients. Wadleigh R, Spaulding GM, Lumbersky B, Zimmer M, Shepard K, Plasse T. 1990 Delta-9-THC Open study Dronabinol stimulated mood and appetite

Show Multiple sclerosis; Spasticity; Ataxia Effect of cannabinoids on spasticity and ataxia in multiple sclerosis. Meinck HM, Schönle PW, Conrad B 1989 Cannabis Controlled study improvement of tremor, spasticity and ataxia

Show Nausea/vomiting;HIV/AIDS Nabilone as effective therapy for intractable nausea and vomiting in AIDS. Green ST, Nathwani D, Goldberg DJ, Kennedy DH. 1989 Nabilone Uncontrolled case report Intractable nausea and vomiting was effectively relieved with nabilone

Show Nausea/vomiting;Cancer;Cancer chemotherapy Efficacy of tetrahydrocannabinol in patients refractory to standard anti-emetic therapy McCabe M, Smith FP, Goldberg D, Macdonald J, Woolley PV, Warren R 1988 Delta-9-THC Cont