Dana Winkelman from Colorado State University conducts research on whirling disease-resistant rainbow trout in 2016.Credit: Joe A. Mendoza/Colorado State University

The Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, China is the fastest-rising institution in Earth and environmental sciences research in the Nature Index 2020 Annual Tables.

Its change in adjusted Share from 2015 to 2019 was 102.21, representing a 52.85% increase over 4 years. (When comparing data over time, Share values are adjusted to 2019 levels to account for the small annual variation in the total number of articles in the Nature Index journals. The Nature Index is one indicator of institutional research performance. See Editor’s note below.)

China is the dominant force in among the institutions with the strongest growth in the Nature Index in Earth and environmental sciences, occupying places 1 to 10 in this 2020 Annual Tables ranking (see Graphic). See the 2020 Annual Tables Top 100 institutions for Earth and environmental sciences for 2019.

Source: Nature Index

Here is a selection of institutions in the top 25 of the Nature Index 2020 Annual Tables — rising stars in Earth and environmental sciences research.

China University of Geosciences, China

Change in adjusted Share (2015–19): 33.36; % change: 178.5%; Place: 3rd

Founded in 1952 in Beijing (known then as Peking) as a conglomeration of geology departments from Peking University, Tsinghua University, Tianjin University and other leading Chinese universities, the China University of Geosciences (CUG) has long been a national leader of research in Earth and environmental sciences.

In 1975, CUG moved to the central Chinese city of Wuhan, but three years later, its graduate school was relocated back to Beijing (still Peking at the time). In 2005, the two campuses were split into separate comprehensive universities, with the Wuhan campus inheriting the CUG title and the Beijing campus becoming known as CUG Beijing (CUGB).

Nature Index 2020 Annual Tables

In 2019, CUG enrolled 18,092 undergraduate, 7,774 master’s, and 1,764 doctoral students. Among its 3,225 faculty members are 11 members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 full-time Changjiang scholars honoured by the Ministry of Education, and 16 recipients of the Distinguished Young Scientist award from the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

CUG’s Earth science, environmental studies, and ecology researchers have achieved remarkable progress in producing high-citation papers. CUG has become the third-fastest rising institution in the discipline in the Nature Index, and CUGB is placed 10th.

China Meteorological Administration, China

Change in adjusted Share (2015–19): 22.22; % change: 111.2%; Place: 8th

Based in Beijing, the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) is a public service and research organization affiliated with China’s State Council. In addition to weather forecasts, the CMA produces research on climate systems and runs the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, National Climate Center, and eight regional weather research institutions located in major cities including Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou.

The CMA has 72,834 staff members nationwide, including 4,415 senior researchers and engineers. Nine of its scientists are members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering.

With climate change and air pollution at the forefront of the global research agenda, CMA scientists have been widely published on matters of climate surveillance and modelling, atmospheric pollutant formation, and the ecological impacts of climate change.

Colorado State University, United States

Change in adjusted Share (2015–19): 16.60; % change: 74%; Place: 11th

Located amid the Rocky Mountains and surrounded by national parks, Colorado State University (CSU) in Fort Collins is ideally situated as a top performer in Earth and environmental sciences research. In the Nature Index, the discipline accounts for more than one-third of CSU’s total research output.

In 2019, CSU spent US$398.5 million on research, with federal funding agencies contributing around 70%. It has secured funding of $128 million over 5 years from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to support projects such as the development of improved forecasting models and real-time satellite tools for the National Weather Service.

A 2019 Nature Climate Change article co-authored by NSU researchers revealed that wind speeds have increased by 7% since 2010 in northern mid-latitude regions, which could inform research into more efficient wind energy systems.

University of Oslo, Norway

Change in adjusted Share (2015–19): 12.97; % change: 96.3%; Place: 16th

Founded in 1811 as the first university in Norway, the University of Oslo (UiO) has eight faculties and three museums on campus, including its Viking Ship Museum, which contains richly decorated ninth-century warships, skeletons and burial gifts.

Its Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences hosts roughly 6,000 students, 800 doctoral candidates and 1,100 academic staff, and covers areas such as theoretical astrophysics, technology systems and geosciences. The Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics, which explores fundamental issues for understanding Earth’s tectonics, climate and volcanoes, is among its nine National Centres of Excellence.

In early 2020, UiO researchers developed the first map of permafrost distribution in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres using satellite data and a new model. The map reveals that the coldest permafrost on Earth is found on Mount Markham in the Queen Elizabeth Range of the Transantarctic Mountains in Antarctica, at a temperature of −36 °C.

Lanzhou University, China

Change in adjusted Share (2015–19): 11.21; % change: 134.7%; Place: 20th

Founded in 1909 in China’s northwestern province of Gansu, Lanzhou University (LZU) enjoyed rapid development in the 1950s and 1960s, as part of a comprehensive government programme to invest in the country’s remote regions.

By the end of 2019, LZU had 19,964 undergraduate, 11,408 master’s, and 2,885 doctoral students. Its 2,228-member faculty includes six members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering, 18 full-time Changjiang scholars honoured by China’s Ministry of Education, and 46 recipients of the Distinguished Young Scientist award from the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

LZU’s strongest subject output in the Nature Index is chemistry. It has strengths in atmospheric and grasslands research, ecology and geography.