When Paul Ryan decided to pull the G.O.P. Obamacare replacement bill before it reached the House floor for a vote, Donald Trump appeared relieved that the health-care imbroglio was—at least, temporarily—over. “It’s enough already,” the president said. For Trump, the death of the unpopular bill meant he could shift his focus and dwindling political capital to the two issues he hopes will revive his sagging presidency: tax reform, which he desperately needs to placate the Wall Street wing of his party, and infrastructure—the bipartisan beating heart of his populist economic agenda. “We want to do a great infrastructure plan, and on that side I will say that we’re going to have, I believe, tremendous Democrat support. We are also going to have some good Republican support,” Trump declared during an interview with The New York Times last week. “I think it’s going to be one of the very bipartisan bills and it’s going to happen.”

But as the White House prepares to unveil Trump’s $1 trillion plan to rebuild America, there is a creeping sense of déjà vu on Capitol Hill. Republicans are wary that the administration’s proposal—which could be revealed as early as next month—will come with a massive price tag. Democrats, who are increasingly reluctant to work with Trump on anything, are worried the bill will be a Trojan horse for gutting taxes and environmental protections—a sweetheart deal for private construction firms that were going to develop new projects anyway.

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As the White House has begun hyping Trump’s forthcoming infrastructure plan, the cheerleading effort has followed the contours of the administration’s health-care push. The president has made a series of sweeping—and, at times, contradictory—promises about the legislation, while providing few details about what the legislation will entail or how the government will pay for it. G.O.P. deficit hawks have balked at the trillion-dollar sticker, but the Trump administration has stressed that the bill will be a hybrid of public and private investments. “It doesn’t necessarily mean that it will be a trillion dollars off of the government’s balance sheet,” Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin explained to Fox Business in February. Politico reports that the plan will likely cost the federal government somewhere between $160 billion and $300 billion over a decade, with the remainder of the “$1 trillion” made up of tax credits to spur private development. But even the Trump administration seems unsure what the final breakdown will look like. “Nothing is accurate now because we haven’t made a final determination,” Trump told the Times. “We haven’t made a determination as to public/private. There are some things that work very nicely public/private. There are some things that don’t.”

Even if Trump’s infrastructure bill is mostly a big giveaway to the private sector, Republican leadership isn’t particularly enthused. During a press conference in December, Senator Mitch McConnell dismissed the idea flat-out. “It will be interesting to see how this is put together,” the Senate majority leader told reporters. “I hope we avoid a trillion-dollar stimulus.” Ryan previously suggested that passing an infrastructure bill would be unlikely, given that Congress already passed a $305 billion transportation bill. Nor does he buy into the premise that infrastructure spending is the most effective way to rev up the economy and create jobs. In September, Ryan dismissed infrastructure spending as “not a panacea” and said “there's no substitute for organic economic growth, free enterprise private-sector growth.” Dan Holler, a spokesman for Heritage Action for America, echoed that sentiment in an interview with Politico. “Conservatives do not view infrastructure spending as an economic stimulus, and congressional Republicans rightly rejected that approach in 2009.”