Oracle Corp. (ORCL) - Get Report is eager to declare the latest version of its flagship database is far more intelligent and user-friendly than the databases commonly run today on cloud infrastructure platforms from Amazon.com Inc. (AMZN) - Get Report , Microsoft Corp. (MSFT) - Get Report and other rivals. On a narrow, technical level, that just might be true. But it's also an apples-to-oranges comparison.

Oracle isn't merely competing against cheaper rival databases here, but against reasonably-priced services that pair database licenses with human admins. The company's response to this threat is something of an end-around, hoping to maintain its premium software pricing in part by making those human admins less necessary. It's an intriguing gambit, but it's far from a given that this will be a game-changer for Oracle, considering what the competition has been up to.

Never shy to make big claims, Oracle asserts its new 18c database "uses ground-breaking machine learning to enable automation that eliminates human labor, human error and manual tuning." 18c is said to be capable of upgrading and patching itself, as well as adjusting the computing and storage resources available to it, while still running. That, Oracle says, allows its new Autonomous Database Cloud service, which relies on 18c, to achieve 99.995% reliability (less than 30 minutes of annual downtime), as well as lower the risk of human error.

Oracle also launched Autonomous Data Warehouse Cloud, a service for data warehousing that's based on 18c. It involves taking in data from many sources, and converting it into standardized database tables that can be used for analysis and reporting.

It, too, is said to use machine learning to automate administrative tasks. Oracle also promises a high level of performance by having the service run on its high-end Exadata server/storage systems.

The big catch: Though Oracle (like Amazon, Microsoft, etc.) has long offered fully-managed cloud database services, it also offers cheaper self-managed services for which companies are responsible for managing the database copies running within Oracle's cloud data centers. A lot of the automation features built into 18c are clearly aimed at lowering labor costs for and increasing the convenience of its self-managed offerings.

However, pricing for the fully-managed services offered by rivals still appears to be pretty competitive -- particularly for the use of lower-cost databases. For example, Amazon Web Services' (AWS) very popular RDS managed database service costs about 50% less when running the open-source MariaDB database than it does when running Oracle's database. And it costs about 40% less when using Amazon's Aurora database engine, which aims to provide enterprise-class performance and reliability while using the open-source MySQL and PostgreSQL databases.

Microsoft and Alphabet Inc./Google (GOOGL) - Get Report also offer aggressive pricing for their managed database services. They also offer Cosmos DB and Cloud Spanner, respectively, a pair of innovative services for running distributed databases whose servers could be thousands of miles apart. And Amazon, Microsoft and Google all offer managed data warehousing services.

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And while 18c has some impressive features, that doesn't necessarily mean it can automate all of the tasks that managed database services typically rely on admins to do.

Amazon's RDS, for example, manages database backup and recovery, patching and -- should a company choose this option -- the management of a replica database in a different "availability zone." Microsoft claims its Azure SQL Database managed service, which relies on its SQL Server database, handles "all patching and updating of the SQL code base seamlessly and abstracts away all management of the underlying infrastructure."

Also: Amazon and Microsoft are hardly slouches when it comes to machine learning investments, and will probably make greater use of it in future database releases. As it is, Microsoft claims Azure SQL Database "learns about your database patterns and enables you to adapt your database schema to your workload," and can also intelligently tune a database's performance.

Editors' pick: Originally published Oct. 3.

Last but not least, when a company decides to adopt one cloud infrastructure (IaaS) platform or another, it's usually thinking about a lot of things besides just databases. AWS' total cloud feature set and ecosystem remain unmatched, and Microsoft and Google have arguably put some distance between other rivals. Oracle has been aggressively expanding and overhauling its IaaS offerings, but it still has a lot of catching up to do.

As noted earlier, Oracle does allow its database to run on third-party clouds. But the company has been trying hard to steer customers towards using its own cloud to run Oracle database instances -- in part by making it relatively expensive to run its database on other clouds, and in part by promising top-notch performance and reliability when run on its cloud.

That's a risky strategy, given how popular rival public clouds are. But then again, considering how often rival databases are being used on other clouds, Oracle might figure it needs to try and grab every cloud dollar it can from customers looking to continue using its database.

Either way, the widespread use of rival databases for cloud workloads, together with tough competition from Microsoft in the traditional on-premise database world, is clearly putting pressure on Oracle's database business. Its revenue rose only 3% annually during Oracle's August quarter despite the boost the business got this year from the arrival of an on-premise version of the 12c database (the predecessor to 18c). Cloud database revenue rose 53%, but Oracle didn't spell out its share of total database revenue.

By the time Oracle delivers its February quarter results in March 2018, we should have some idea as to just how much of a boost 18c is providing to Oracle's database business in the face of all its competitive pressures. For now, it's best to expect a moderate improvement rather than anything that would make Amazon and Microsoft lose sleep.

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