The team collected grapes and wine from the two vineyards over three years: 2010, 2011 and 2012. The chemists analyzed their samples, separating the chemicals in the wines and measuring the masses of the molecules they gathered. They found statistically significant differences between the products they analyzed. Some of the differences were associated with the year the grapes were grown—meaning that in some ways, all the 2010 grapes and wines were alike to each other, even if they were made in different vineyards, and so on with the 2011 wines and the 2012 wines. But other differences really were associated with the different vineyards, regardless of vintage.