Story highlights Under deal being negotiated, the debt ceiling would be increased until February 7, sources say

Senate majority leader hopes that Tuesday will be "bright" in Washington

Democratic sources say changes to Obamacare under consideration

President Obama chides House Republicans for partisan brinksmanship

Two steps forward, one step back.

A surge of optimism on Monday for a possible compromise to end the partial government shutdown and avoid a U.S. default as soon as this week got jolted by the sudden postponement of a White House meeting between President Barack Obama and congressional leaders.

In a brief statement, the White House said the meeting announced earlier in the day was put on hold "to allow leaders in the Senate time to continue making important progress" toward a solution.

It was unclear if the development signaled a problem or was needed to give more time for talks between Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid and his Republican counterpart, Mitch McConnell, to finish an agreement that could win approval in the Senate and the House.

Negotiations heated up with the Democratic and Republican leaders signaling progress. Both Reid and McConnell took to the Senate floor to express optimism for a compromise on the twin priorities that they expected to be reasonable and acceptable to both sides.

Reid's tone remained positive as night fell over the Capitol.

"We've made tremendous progress," he said, saying that "everyone just needs to be patient" and that "perhaps tomorrow will be a bright day."

Key negotiators also maintained an upbeat posture and financial markets, which Washington is watching very closely considering their volatility over the political impasse, also ended the day higher with Wall Street heartened by news of a possible deal, especially on the debt limit.

At the same time, both sides noted that nothing had been finalized and the postponement of the meeting between congressional leaders and Obama and Vice President Joe Biden raised a new question mark in the process.

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Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Signs of a shutdown – Visitors walk at the National World War II Memorial after a rally at the monument in Washington on Tuesday, October 15. Activists from veterans groups gathered to protest the partial shutdown of the U.S. government and to rally for resolutions to the budget crisis. Signs of the shutdown can be found across the country. Hide Caption 1 of 14 Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Signs of a shutdown – A closure sign is posted on the National Mall near the U.S. Capitol. Much of Washington remains closed with hundreds of thousands of government workers furloughed. Hide Caption 2 of 14 Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Signs of a shutdown – The impasse even takes center stage on the White House website. Hide Caption 3 of 14 Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Signs of a shutdown – The main entrance to Grand Canyon National Park was closed for more than a week before it reopened Saturday, October 12. Hide Caption 4 of 14 Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Signs of a shutdown – The Smithsonian's National Zoo website states, "All the animals will continue to be fed and cared for. A shutdown does not affect our commitment to the safety of our staff and standard of excellence in animal care." Hide Caption 5 of 14 Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Signs of a shutdown – A sign at the bathroom of the National Visitors Center in Boston announces that the restrooms are closed in Faneuil Hall. Hide Caption 6 of 14 Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Signs of a shutdown – Mark Weekley, superintendent at the National Park Service's Lewis and Clark National Historical Trail, tapes a closed sign to the window October 1 in Omaha, Nebraska. Hide Caption 7 of 14 Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Signs of a shutdown – A handwritten sign at the Mount Rainier National Park administration building tells employees where to pick up their furlough letters October 1. Hide Caption 8 of 14 Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Signs of a shutdown – Despite signs stating that the national parks are closed, people visit the World War II Memorial in Washington on October 2. Hide Caption 9 of 14 Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Signs of a shutdown – A sign on Highway 41, north of Fresno, California, tells motorists about the closure of Yosemite Park on October 1. Hide Caption 10 of 14 Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Signs of a shutdown – According to the FBI's website, information not directly related to the protection of life and property will not be routinely updated on the site. Hide Caption 11 of 14 Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Signs of a shutdown – A closed sign hangs at the entrance to the U.S. Treasury building October 3. Hide Caption 12 of 14 Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Signs of a shutdown – Mirta Maltes, a U.S. park ranger, speaks with Christoph Zuercher, a tourist from Switzerland, outside Everglades National Park on October 7 in Miami. Hide Caption 13 of 14 Photos: Photos: Signs of a shutdown Signs of a shutdown – A couple walks next to a sign October 12 informing them that the Statue of Liberty is closed. It reopened the next day on the state of New York's dime. Hide Caption 14 of 14

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During a visit Monday to a local food pantry, Obama cited progress in the Senate negotiations but also warned of what he called continued partisan brinkmanship by House Republicans who "continue to think that somehow they can extract concessions by keeping the government shut down or by threatening default."

"My hope is a spirit of cooperation will move us forward over the next few hours," Obama said.

Shutdown drags on

The failure of Congress to authorize spending for the new fiscal year triggered the shutdown on October 1.

Another deadline looms on Thursday, when the Treasury says it will need Congress to raise the debt ceiling so it can borrow more money to pay all the government's bills.

During his visit to Martha's Table in Washington, Obama said the congressional leaders could "solve this problem today."

He warned that a default, in which the government would lack enough cash on hand to pay down its debt obligations as well as other daily bills such as Social Security checks, "could have a potentially devastating effect on our economy."

"We've already had a damaging effect on our economy because of the shutdown," he said. "That damage would be greatly magnified if we don't make sure that government's paying its bills, and that has to be decided this week."

The Treasury Department said it will be unable to pay the government's bills unless the debt limit is increased by Thursday.

As reported by CNN's Dana Bash and CNN Senior White House Correspondent Jim Acosta, the main sticking point involves how long an agreement would fund the government to end the shutdown and increase the debt limit.

Democrats want the debt ceiling increase to extend as long as possible to avoid similar showdowns in coming months.

At the same time, they seek a temporary spending plan to reopen the government while formal budget negotiations work out a longer-term agreement that can negate the impacts of the forced sequestration cuts.

Republicans, however, want a longer spending proposal that would lock in the planned sequestration cuts in coming months, with a shorter debt ceiling extension in order to negotiate further deficit-reduction measures.

Sen. Joe Manchin, D-West Virginia, and moderate GOP Sen. Susan Collins of Maine have spearheaded the bipartisan talks. Separately, Republican Sen. Bob Corker of Tennessee also cited progress.

"We'll get this done. We're gonna get this done. I feel real confident," Manchin said.

Manchin said the goal was to get at least 65 Senate votes -- which would mean 10 or more from Republicans -- to help Speaker John Boehner generate GOP backing in the House despite certain opposition from the tea party conservative wing.

Manchin said Reid and McConnell must work out specifics.

The two party leaders met twice in the morning and early afternoon, and they offered their optimistic assessments after their second face-to-face discussion. Boehner also dropped by McConnell's office to get an update on the talks, his aide confirmed.

Details of proposal fluid

Democratic sources told Bash and CNN's Deirdre Walsh that the proposal under consideration by Reid and McConnell would fund the government through January 15, allowing it to reopen for at least three months or so.

At the same time, negotiations on a budget for the full fiscal year would have a deadline of some time in December, the sources said.

Meanwhile, the debt ceiling would be increased through February 7 to put off the threat of default for almost four months, according to sources in both parties.

The budget negotiations were expected to address deficit reduction measures and therefore could impact when the debt limit would need to be increased again.

In addition, provisions involving Obama's signature health care reforms could be included, such as strengthening verification measures for people seeking federal subsidies to help them purchase health insurance required by the 2010 Affordable Care Act, the sources said.

Another possible change to the health care reforms would delay a fee on employers, unions and other plan sponsors that raise money to compensate insurance companies for taking on high-risk customers in the early years of Obamacare.

CNN political analyst John Avlon said Monday that Democrats wanted to press what they perceive as an advantage over Republicans on how the public is perceiving the latest round of Washington budget and deficit brinkmanship.

"What's behind it (are) poll numbers that saw Republicans getting their butt kicked because of this whole gamesmanship," Avlon said.

Mindful that the Thursday debt deadline is days away, House Republican leaders are considering all their options even as Republican and Democratic Senate leaders try to craft a deal on the debt ceiling, said a GOP leadership aide, speaking on the condition of anonymity.