But that removal was closer to a one-off than an extended campaign: YouTube is still hosting exact copies of that video and others from Atomwaffen. Through a software-aided investigation, Motherboard has found that while YouTube has managed to clamp down on Islamic extremists uploading propaganda, the video giant is still awash with videos supporting violent and established neo-Nazi organizations, even when, in some cases, users have reported the offending videos. Clips of neo-Nazi propaganda operations, hate-filled speeches, and extremists pushing for direct action have remained on the site for weeks, months, or years at a time.

“Where will you be when the race war begins?” the propaganda for Atomwaffen Division, an American neo-Nazi group linked to several murders in the US, says. “Join your local Nazis.” The phrases were included in a video that YouTube removed along with the rest of Atomwaffen’s channel last month.

“Their rhetoric and calls for violence is of the most extreme nature,” Joanna Mendelson, senior investigative researcher at the Anti-Defamation League’s (ADL) Center on Extremism told Motherboard, referring to Atomwaffen.

Arguably, many if not all of these videos may fall under YouTube’s own policy on hate speech, which “refers to content that promotes violence against or has the primary purpose of inciting hatred against individuals or groups based on certain attributes,” including race or ethnic origin, religion, and sexual orientation, according to the policy.

Motherboard built a tool to monitor YouTube and make a record of when the platform removed certain videos, and limited the clips to propaganda for established neo-Nazi and far-right terrorist organizations like Atomwaffen, rather than people in the so-called “alt-right.” Most of the videos were discovered through simple YouTube searches of relevant organizations’ names, or sometimes through the “recommended videos” sidebar after Motherboard had built up a browsing history of neo-Nazi material.

For the sake of comparison, over a week-long period Motherboard also tracked pro-ISIS videos uploaded by the group’s supporters and then distributed through a network of Telegram channels. Typically, YouTube removed these Islamic extremism videos in a matter of hours, including those that did not contain images of violence, but were instead speeches or other not directly violent content.

“There’s no question that some social media and video sharing platforms including YouTube have made tremendous strides in recent months not only in the amount of terror related videos pulled but the swiftness in which videos have been removed,” Raphael Gluck from research group JihadoScope told Motherboard in an email.

Got a tip? You can contact this reporter securely on Signal on +44 20 8133 5190, OTR chat on jfcox@jabber.ccc.de, or email joseph.cox@vice.com.

But YouTube is playing catch up with neo-Nazi material. YouTube removed only two videos that Motherboard was monitoring: two identical clips of a speech from UK terrorist organization National Action.