In order to achieve that.. you should edit the Nautilus source code and the nautilus.desktop file or using another file manager that allows this, such as nemo.

NOTE: In this example I'm running ubuntu 13.04 with nautilus (files) 3.6.3.

You can test this in a virtual machine to see if everything is OK.

1) Make sure you have enable the Source code repository

Open the Ubuntu Software Center

In the Menu Bar choose Edit -> Software Sources. Click to enable "Source code repository". Just in case I use the "Main Server" to Download.

Open a Terminal Window to update the repositories.

sudo apt-get update

2) In the Terminal type the following to install the necessary packages.

sudo apt-get install build-essential quilt

3) Install build dependencies.

sudo apt-get build-dep nautilus

4) Create a folder to download the source code.

mkdir ~/Downloads/src

cd ~/Downloads/src

5) Download the source code & Export variables.

apt-get source nautilus

export QUILT_PATCHES=debian/patches

export EDITOR=gedit

6) Create the patch and edit the source code.

cd nautilus-3.6.3/

quilt new my_custom_places.patch

quilt edit src/nautilus-places-sidebar.c

Custom Trash: To change the name of the Trash.You can change the strings in the lines 567 and 569.

eg: "Trash" to "Custom Trash" & "Open the trash" to "Open the Custom Trash"

Add Folder: In this example I will add the "Test" folder in my home directory /home/virtual/Test. (change the folder according to your needs)

After the line number 562 add the following:

/* add Test directory */ mount_uri = "file:///home/virtual/Test"; icon = g_themed_icon_new (NAUTILUS_ICON_FOLDER); add_place (sidebar, PLACES_BUILT_IN, SECTION_COMPUTER, _("Test"), icon, mount_uri, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, _("Open Test folder")); g_object_unref (icon);

Remove Recent Files: To remove the Recent Files from the places... delete the lines from 525 to 534.

Save the changes.

7) Build the deb packages.

quilt refresh

fakeroot dpkg-buildpackage

8) Install the deb packages.

cd ..

sudo dpkg -i *deb

9) For system-wide..edit the nautilus.desktop file to add the folder eg:(/home/virtual/Test) in the quick list.

sudo nano /usr/share/applications/nautilus.desktop

Change:

Actions=Window;

To:

Actions=Test;Window;

Add:

[Desktop Action Test] Name=Test Exec=nautilus --new-window /home/virtual/Test OnlyShowIn=Unity;

Before:

After:

10) Finally you can logout and Login to see the changes.

RESULT:

Hope this helps.