The grants will pay for projects designed to help battle gang violence, human trafficking, migrant smuggling, opioid trafficking and child pornography. Artificial intelligence and machine learning already are used by some agencies for "predictive policing." By sorting through vast amounts of data, computer analytics often can anticipate and prevent some types of crime. The National Institute of Justice, the R&D arm of the DOJ, specifically is looking for a way to distinguish child pornography in encrypted devices so that probable cause can be established to get a court order to unlock the device.