Researchers around the globe are conducting experiments on the concept of 6G information transfer standard, although the introduction of the 5G standard is still being planned, and the 4G standard is still relevant and meets many of the current requirements of users.

One of the many disadvantages of the applied signals is that the frequency bandwidth is huge. Scientists are trying to solve this problem by various methods, which usually leads to quality deterioration of signal reception or the decrease in the communication range.

The effectiveness of information transmission equipment, including mobile communications equipment, is determined by various resulting characteristics. E.g., an important parameter is an “occupied frequency bandwidth.” The economic value of this resource is very high, and the reduction of the occupied frequency bandwidth will lower the cost of maintaining and implementing communications. This will lower the cost of services for subscribers as well. Also, an important parameter is the peak factor of the emitted oscillations, which determines the operating time of the devices after the battery charge and efficiency of the amplifiers.

Researchers at the Higher School of Applied Physics and Space Technology of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU) developed a spectrally efficient signal technology, which involves changing the shape of the transmitted signals to regulate various resulting characteristics.

“Reducing the occupied bandwidth will not only decrease the costs but will also make it possible to use additional transmission channels in the appeared frequency resource. Thus it possible to increase the speed of information transfer or to increase the number of subscribers of the communication network,” explains Sergey Zavjalov, associate professor at SPbPU.

According to researchers, such shapes of the signal are formed using a very complex mathematical apparatus. Polytechnic University specialists invented a method for synthesizing such signals. “For various operating conditions of the information transmission system, an optimization problem is first formulated. For calculations, we use the supercomputer center ‘Polytechnic’. Then the signal shape is used for experimental verification,” mentions Anna Ovsyannikova, a masters student at the Higher School of Applied Physics and Space Technology.

The effectiveness of such proposed signals in real conditions is tested using software-defined radio platforms. “In our lab, this technology is used for experimental verification of signals in various scenarios. For example, the transmission of information is simulated in extreme industrial conditions of the plant or urban conditions,” says Ilya Lavrenyuk, a graduate student at SPbPU.

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At present, scientists are developing a prototype of a digital radio modem, which is to be used for 5G-6G information transfer standards. The research results have been presented to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) for the implementation in the international standards of digital television, mobile communications, and broadcasting.

The latest technology may also be applied to smart home systems, city management and monitoring of power plant systems and the Internet of things (IoT) devices.