(This story originally appeared in on Jul 29, 2018)

NEW DELHI: Bit by bit, India is working towards making its national capital more impregnable against military or 9/11-like terror attacks from aircraft, missiles and drones. The measures under way include getting a new missile shield to replace older air defence systems, reconfiguring the VIP “no-fly zone” and refining the protocol to shoot down rogue planes.Sources say the Defence Acquisition Council, chaired by defence minister Nirmala Sitharaman, has approved the “acceptance of necessity” for acquisition of the National Advanced Surface-to-Air Missile System-II (NASAMS-II) worth around $1 billion from the United States.Simultaneously, as part of the overall Delhi Area Air Defence Plan, work is on to further realign “VIP-89 area” over New Delhi — which includes Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament and North and South Blocks — as well as shorten the decision-making loop to shoot down planes that may be hijacked or commandeered for use as “missiles against strategic targets”, say sources.The NASAMS — armed with three-dimensional Sentinel radar, short- and mediumrange missiles, launchers, fire-distribution centres and command-and-control units to quickly detect, track and shoot down multiple airborne threats — is part of the air defence network guarding Washington . It is also deployed in several Nato countries. Besides the US national capital region, Israeli cities and Moscow have missile defence systems.India’s move to acquire NASAMS comes even as DRDO is in the final stages of developing its two-tier ballistic missile defence shield.The missile shield is designed to track and destroy nuclear missiles both inside (endo) and outside (exo) the earth’s atmosphere.“Once Phase I of the BMD system is operational, it will be deployed to protect cities like Delhi and Mumbai from long-range missiles. The NASAMS, in turn, is geared towards intercepting cruise missiles, aircraft and drones,” said a source.The defence ministry, however, has kept the $2 billion procurement of 24 MH-60 “Romeo” helicopters, with their associated weapons, spares and training packages, from the US pending till the inaugural “2+2” dialogue between the two countries here on September 6.India wants to “assess the US response” on different issues, including its punitive sanctions regime under the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (CAATSA) that seeks to deter countries from buying Russian weapons or Iranian oil, before granting AoN to the helicopter project as well.“The AoN for the helicopters, which are used to detect, track and hunt enemy submarines, has been deferred till September. Earlier also, it was not fielded in the DAC after the US abruptly cancelled the 2+2 dialogue slated for July,” said a source. Indian sources later explained this was due to the US’s upcoming engagement with North Korea.The US is moving towards granting waiver to India from CAATSA but it’s not yet set in stone. India wants to ink the Rs 39,000-crore deal for five top-tier S-400 Triumf air defence missile systems from Russia later this year without the threat of financial sanctions from the US.India has earmarked both the proposed procurementsthe NASAMS as well as the naval helicopters — for government-to-government contracts through the US foreign military sales (FMS) programme.The FMS route is considered “faster and cleaner” than the cumbersome global tender process, with the AoN followed by “letters of request and acceptance” being negotiated before the inking the final contract. The US, of course, is eager to bag more deals, having notched military sales worth $15 billion to India since 2007.The Indian Navy, in turn, is desperate to acquire multirole helicopters, armed with radar and sonar as well as missiles, torpedoes and depth charges, because it has virtually run out of them.