Author, Article and Disclosure Information

Disclaimer: The opinions expressed are those of the investigators and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies.

Acknowledgment: The members of the DPP Research Group thank the participants in the DPP and the DPPOS for their commitment and dedication.

Grant Support: Research reported in this article was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health under award number U01 DK048489. During the DPP and the DPPOS, the NIDDK provided funding to the clinical centers and the Coordinating Center for the design and conduct of the study and the collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data (U01 DK048489). The Southwestern American Indian Centers were supported directly by the NIDDK, including its Intramural Research Program, and the Indian Health Service. The General Clinical Research Center Program, the National Center for Research Resources, and the Department of Veterans Affairs supported data collection at many of the clinical centers. Funding was also provided by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; the National Institute on Aging; the National Eye Institute; the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; the National Cancer Institute; the Office of Research on Women's Health; the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; and the American Diabetes Association. Bristol-Myers Squibb and Parke-Davis provided additional funding and material support during the DPP. Lipha (Merck-Santé) provided medication, and LifeScan donated materials during the DPP and the DPPOS. This research was also supported in part by the intramural research program of the NIDDK. LifeScan, Health o meter, Hoechst Marion Roussel, Merck-Medco Managed Care, Merck and Company, Nike Sports Marketing, SlimFast Foods, and Quaker Oats donated materials, equipment, or medicines for concomitant conditions. McKesson BioServices, Matthews Media Group, and the Henry M. Jackson Foundation provided support services under subcontract with the Coordinating Center.

Disclosures: Dr. Pi-Sunyer reports personal fees from Novo Nordisk and Zafgen outside the submitted work. Dr. Franks reports grants from Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi Aventis, and Servier and personal fees from Zoe Global outside the submitted work. Dr. Gadde reports grants from AstraZeneca and BioKier and other support from AstraZeneca and the American Diabetes Association outside the submitted work. Authors not named here have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Disclosures can also be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M18-1605.

Editors' Disclosures: Christine Laine, MD, MPH, Editor in Chief, reports that her spouse has stock options/holdings with Targeted Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Darren B. Taichman, MD, PhD, Executive Editor, reports that he has no financial relationships or interests to disclose. Cynthia D. Mulrow, MD, MSc, Senior Deputy Editor, reports that she has no relationships or interests to disclose. Jaya K. Rao, MD, MHS, Deputy Editor, reports that she has stock holdings/options in Eli Lilly and Pfizer. Catharine B. Stack, PhD, MS, Deputy Editor, Statistics, reports that she has stock holdings in Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, and Colgate-Palmolive. Christina C. Wee, MD, MPH, Deputy Editor, reports employment with Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Sankey V. Williams, MD, Deputy Editor, reports that he has no financial relationships or interests to disclose. Yu-Xiao Yang, MD, MSCE, Deputy Editor, reports that he has no financial relationships or interest to disclose.

Data Sharing Statement: The data set will be available via the NIDDK Data Repository at https://repository.niddk.nih.gov/studies/dpp and https://repository.niddk.nih.gov/studies/dppos.

Corresponding Author: Kishore M. Gadde, MD, c/o DPPOS Coordinating Center, The George Washington University Biostatistics Center, 6110 Executive Boulevard, Suite 750, Rockville, MD 20852; e-mail, Kishore. [email protected] edu.

Correction: This article was corrected on 3 August 2020 to revise information in the data sharing statement about availability of the data set.

Current Author Addresses: Drs. Apolzan and Gadde: Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70810.

Dr. Venditti: Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.

Ms. Edelstein: George Washington University Biostatistics Center, 6110 Executive Boulevard, Suite 750, Rockville, MD 20852.

Dr. Knowler: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 1550 East Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ 85014.

Dr. Dabelea: Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, 13001 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045.

Dr. Boyko: Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108.

Dr. Pi-Sunyer: Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, Suite 121, New York, NY 10032.

Dr. Kalyani: School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 333, Baltimore, MD 21287.

Dr. Franks: Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Building 91, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden.

Dr. Srikanthan: Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 330 South Garfield Avenue, Suite 308, Alhambra, CA 91801.

Author Contributions: Conception and design: J.W. Apolzan, E.M. Venditti, S.L. Edelstein, K.M. Gadde.

Analysis and interpretation of the data: J.W. Apolzan, E.M. Venditti, S.L. Edelstein, W.C. Knowler, D. Dabelea, K.M. Gadde.

Drafting of the article: J.W. Apolzan, E.M. Venditti, S.L. Edelstein, K.M. Gadde.

Critical revision of the article for important intellectual content: J.W. Apolzan, E.M. Venditti, S.L. Edelstein, W.C. Knowler, D. Dabelea, E.J. Boyko, X. Pi-Sunyer, R.R. Kalyani, P.W. Franks, P. Srikanthan, K.M. Gadde.

Final approval of the article: J.W. Apolzan, E.M. Venditti, S.L. Edelstein, W.C. Knowler, D. Dabelea, E.J. Boyko, X. Pi-Sunyer, R.R. Kalyani, P.W. Franks, P. Srikanthan, K.M. Gadde.

Provision of study materials or patients: E.M. Venditti, S.L. Edelstein, W.C. Knowler, X. Pi-Sunyer, K.M. Gadde.

Statistical expertise: S.L. Edelstein, W.C. Knowler.

Obtaining of funding: E.M. Venditti, S.L. Edelstein, W.C. Knowler, D. Dabelea, X. Pi-Sunyer, K.M. Gadde.

Administrative, technical, or logistic support: S.L. Edelstein, W.C. Knowler, K.M. Gadde.

Collection and assembly of data: S.L. Edelstein, W.C. Knowler, D. Dabelea, X. Pi-Sunyer, K.M. Gadde.