Any app that makes requests over a network, or basic read/write operations will be busy at some point. You always want to give the user feedback on what's happening, or reduce the feeling of waiting, while they're waiting. For the past few months I've been using the circular progress indicator as well as some custom loaders to show busy states. Today I want to show you how to render your app UI as a skeleton and using the shimmer package instead.

Please don't mind the styling, this is just to give you an idea of what you can do. In this app I'll show a list of items and when loading I'll use fake versions of those items with the shimmer effect over it. If you're confused by that term, check out shimmer package's page for an example.

We'll start by adding the shimmer package into our pubspec file.

shimmer : ^1.0.0

Then we'll create a simple UI. Some large text at the top, with an expanded widget that contains a list view. The list view will show the ListItem widget which is a very basic widget. The only special piece of logic is that when the index equals -1 we show a container instead of the column of text.

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget { @override Widget build ( BuildContext context ) { return MaterialApp ( theme : ThemeData ( ) , home : Scaffold ( body : Column ( crossAxisAlignment : CrossAxisAlignment . start , children : < Widget > [ SizedBox ( height : 60 , ) , Text ( 'My Awesome List' , style : TextStyle ( fontSize : 40 ) , ) , Expanded ( child : ListView . builder ( itemCount : 10 , itemBuilder : ( context , index ) = > ListItem ( index : index ) , ) ) ] ) , ) , ) ; } } class ListItem extends StatelessWidget { final int index ; const ListItem ( { Key key , this . index } ) ; @override Widget build ( BuildContext context ) { return Container ( height : 60 , margin : EdgeInsets . symmetric ( vertical : 10.0 , horizontal : 5.0 ) , decoration : BoxDecoration ( borderRadius : BorderRadius . circular ( 10.0 ) ) , child : Row ( children : < Widget > [ Container ( width : 50.0 , height : 50.0 , margin : EdgeInsets . only ( right : 15.0 ) , color : Colors . blue , ) , index != - 1 ? Column ( crossAxisAlignment : CrossAxisAlignment . start , children : < Widget > [ Text ( 'This is title $index' , style : TextStyle ( fontWeight : FontWeight . bold ) , ) , Text ( 'This is more details' ) , Text ( 'One more detail' ) , ] , ) : Expanded ( child : Container ( color : Colors . grey , ) , ) ] , ) , ) ; } }

Skeleton screens were popularised by Facebook (mostly) and is a good way of reducing the appearance of waiting. To simulate this we'll use a Future with a delay so and show our skeleton while we're waiting. Create a future that returns a list of integers after a 3 second delay.

Future < List < int >> _getResults ( ) async { await Future . delayed ( Duration ( seconds : 3 ) ) ; return List < int > . generate ( 10 , ( index ) = > index ) ; }

Then we'll replace our current list with a Future builder that return the list if there's data available. When there's no data we want to show the same list, with fake data and wrap the item in a shimmer effect. Replace the following

Expanded ( child : ListView . builder ( itemCount : 10 , itemBuilder : ( context , index ) = > ListItem ( index : index ) , ) )

with

Expanded ( child : FutureBuilder < List < int >> ( future : _getResults ( ) , builder : ( context , snapshot ) { if ( ! snapshot . hasData ) { return ListView . builder ( itemCount : 10 , itemBuilder : ( context , index ) = > Shimmer . fromColors ( baseColor : Colors . grey [ 400 ] , highlightColor : Colors . white , child : ListItem ( index : - 1 ) ) , ) ; } return ListView . builder ( itemCount : snapshot . data . length , itemBuilder : ( context , index ) = > ListItem ( index : index ) , ) ; } ) , )

All we're doing above is telling the code that, when there's no data in the snapShot yet if (!snapshot.hasData) then we want to show a list of 10 items. The list item being the ListItem widget, but instead of passing the actual data we pass -1 as the index. This will replace the text with our container so it appears like a skeleton. See screenshot below.

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