Following the success of its shows devoted to rock great David Bowie and the American painter Georgia O’Keeffe, the Brooklyn Museum is mounting an exhibition next year dedicated to another major cultural figure with broad popular appeal: the Mexican artist Frida Kahlo (1907-1954).

Called “Frida Kahlo: Appearances Can Be Deceiving,” the show, which will run from Feb. 8 to May 12, 2019, will include paintings and drawings by the artist, along with clothing and other personal items.

The...