Introduction

Azure WebJobs enables you to run programs or scripts in your website as background processes. It runs and scales as part of Azure Web Sites.



What Scheduling Options are supported by Microsoft Azure WebJobs?

Azure WebJobs can run Continuously, On Demand, or on a Schedule.

In what language/scripts are WebJobs written?

Azure WebJobs can be created using the following scripts:

.cmd, .bat, .exe (using windows cmd) .ps1 (using powershell) .sh (using bash) .php (using php) .py (using python) .js (using node)

This article demonstrates the use of C# command line app.

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Creating and Deploying WebJobs using VS 2013 Update 3

Creating WebJobs

In Visual Studio 2013 Update 3, WebJobs can be created and deployed directly from Visual Studio itself.

To get started, just create a new project, Under C#, select, Microsoft Azure WebJobs. In this example, a "HelloTNWiki" project is created.





class Program { static void Main() { Console.WriteLine( "Hello TN Wiki!" ); } }

Deploying WebJobs

A normalis created and the entry point to the program is Main(). This example shall just display "Hello TN Wiki!".

To deploy the WebJob, right-click on the project and select Publish as Azure WebJob.

Select when the WebJob shall run and click OK. In this example, the job will be run on demand.Select a publish target, in this example the target will be an

You shall be required to sign-in and enter your Microsoft Azure credentials





Once signed in, you may select in which WebSite the Job is to run.





Click on OK, then select Publish.





Now, if you go to the Microsoft Azure portal, and navigate to your WebSite, you shall see a new WebJob created and deployed.





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Using previous versions of Visual Studio

Creating WebJobs

In Visual Studio, create a Console Application.

The entry point of the application is still Main(). This example shall just display "Hello TN Wiki!".









class Program { static void Main() { Console.WriteLine( "Hello TN Wiki!" ); } }



Deploying WebJobs

The following steps need to be performed to deploy the WebJob:

3. Goto the Azure portal, select your WebSite, Go to WebJobs and select ADD a job





1. Build the application2. Go the Bin/Debug path of the Application and Add all the contents of a4. Enter a Job name, select the .zip file, select when the job shall run and click OK.5. Wait for the Job to be uploaded and created

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Running a Job and Viewing the result on WebJob Dashboard

Running a job

To run an on-demand WebJob as explained above, select the job and click on RUN ONCEat the bottom of the page.

WebJob Dashboard

When the run completes, The result shall be displayed on the Last Run Result tab.

The WebJobs dashboard in the Azure management portal provides powerful management capabilities that give you full control over the execution of WebJobs, including the ability to invoke individual functions within WebJobs.

The dashboard also displays function runtimes and output logs.

To access the dashboard page, click on the link under the Log Column.





This opens the dashboard page which contains details and statistics about the WebJob.





By selecting a specific run, statistics about the job together with the Job Log can be obtained.

As per the result of the example above, "Hello TN Wiki!" is displayed in the Job Log





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WebJobs SDK

The WebJobs SDK makes it easier to use Azure Storage.

The WebJobs SDK has a binding and trigger system which works with Microsoft Azure Storage Blobs, Queues and Tables as well as Service Bus Queues.





Installing the WebJob SDK

To use the WebJob SDK in Visual Studio, the following NuGet Package needs to be installed.

Using the SDK to create and save a file in an Azure Storage Account

Creating a Storage Account on Microsoft Azure

From the Azure Portal, go to, Data Services, Storage, Quick-Create and fill in the required information

Once the storage account is provision, the next thing to do is to get the keys. Click on the Manage Keys button like below





Saving a file in Azure Blob storage

Below are the steps to save a string to a blob using C# code:

1. Build the connection string using the keys retrieved above





string ConStr = "DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName= xxx ;AccountKey=xxx " ;

2. Create an instance of CloudStorageAccount. This Represents a Windows Azure Storage account.





CloudStorageAccount storageAccount = CloudStorageAccount.Parse(ConStr);

3. Create an instance of

Provides a client-side logical representation of the Windows Azure Blob service. This client is used to configure and execute requests against the Blob service.





CloudBlobClient blobClient = storageAccount.CreateCloudBlobClient();

CloudBlobContainer container = blobClient.GetContainerReference( "blobcontainer" ); container.CreateIfNotExists();

4. Get ain the Windows Azure Blob service. Create theif it does not exist.This should be in lower case. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd135715.aspx

5. Gets a reference to a block blob in the container and Upload a string text to it.





CloudBlockBlob blob = container.GetBlockBlobReference( "BlobFile.txt" ); blob.UploadText( "HelloTNWiki" );

6. Run the WebJob

You may now view the created container in your Storage Account > Containers in the Azure Portal.





By clicking on the container, you will be able to see the newly created Blob and its contents





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Example: Daily Sales

Having gone into the basics of Azure WebJobs below is an example where all the concepts can be used and applied.

Scenario

Consider a scenario where a sales WebApp is being deployed into Azure. The App stores sales information from several branches of a store.

The requirement is every day at a specific time in the morning, compile the total sales per region, save the report on Blob storage and email the report to the directors

Assume the Database schema of the Application is like below



Retrieving Daily Sales from the Database

The code block below connects to an Azure Database, select and aggregates the sales information as required.

public string GetDailySales( string date) { dbconnect(); string SalesDetails = "" ; try { string StrCommand = @"select region, sum(amount) AMOUNT FROM SALES WHERE TRANDATE= '" + date + "' group by region"; using (SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(StrCommand, con)) using (SqlDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader()) { while (reader.Read()) { SalesDetails = SalesDetails + reader.GetString(0) + "\t" + reader.GetInt32(1) + "</br>" ; } } con.Close(); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine( "Could not retrieve Information " + e.Message); throw ; } Console.WriteLine( "Information Retrieved Successfully" ); return SalesDetails; }

E-Mail result

The next step is to send the results by mail. This is done by the function below

public void SendEmail( string msg) { try { MailMessage mail = new MailMessage(); mail.From = new MailAddress(emailFrom); mail.To.Add(emailTo); mail.Subject = subject; mail.Body = msg; mail.IsBodyHtml = true ; using (SmtpClient smtp = new SmtpClient(smtpAddress, portNumber)) { smtp.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(emailFrom, password); smtp.EnableSsl = enableSSL; smtp.Send(mail); Console.WriteLine( "Email sent to " +emailTo + " at " + DateTime.Now); } } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine( "Email failed " + e.Message); throw ; } }

Saving the result in Blob Storage

The function below creates a container if it does not exist and save the result in a blob

public static void WriteToBlob( string salesreport) { try { string acs = "DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=xxx;AccountKey=xxx" ; CloudStorageAccount storageAccount = CloudStorageAccount.Parse(acs); CloudBlobClient blobClient = storageAccount.CreateCloudBlobClient(); CloudBlobContainer container = blobClient.GetContainerReference( "salesinfo" ); container.CreateIfNotExists(); CloudBlockBlob blob = container.GetBlockBlobReference( "DailyReport" + DateTime.Now + ".txt" ); blob.UploadText(salesreport); Console.WriteLine( "File saved successfully" ); ; } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine( "Saving to blob failed " + e.Message); throw ; } }

View Result

Notice the use of Console.WriteLine() in each function. This shall help to trace the execution process and log errors in case of problems.

Thus the job log will be like below

E-Mail received successfullySales Info container created and sales report save to blob.

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References