The Government's decision to put the military on standby to help deal with flooding has been condemned by environmental campaigners who said it fails to tackle the cause of climate change.

Some 1,200 troops from three Army battalions have been put on 24-hour standby to offer rapid response to flooding as part of what the Government describes as its most comprehensive winter preparedness plan.

The preparations follow a Ministry of Defence review of the handling of devastating floods across the country which caused blackouts and forced people from their homes.

But environmental campaigners dismissed the idea, saying that putting the Army on standby was no substitute for tackling the causes of worsening floods.

Friends of the Earth climate spokesman Guy Shrubsole said: “The Government’s reliance on the military for flood response underlines how much our changing climate has become a national security issue.

“But crisis management isn’t a substitute for tackling the root causes of worsening floods: dealing with climate change, investing properly in flood defences and working with nature to slow the flow of water.

“And by failing to do our fair share to cut our emissions, the UK Government is helping to drive floods and extreme weather around the globe – affecting millions of people who lack the resources to prepare for the climate crisis.”

Research has found that the extreme rainfall brought by Storm Desmond last December, causing devastating flooding, was made around 40% more likely because of climate change.

Victims and communities hit by floods last winter, in which an estimated 15,000 homes and businesses were flooded, have criticised the Government review which announced £12.5m funding for temporary flood defences, including mobile barriers and high-volume pumps, to be deployed at strategic locations around the country.

And there have been calls for a rethink of the system for allocating flood defence funding after a Press Association investigation revealed the process could favour richer households and those in parts of the country with higher house prices.

Figures from the Environment Agency for the last six years have revealed the South East got more funding than any other English region for flood protection.

The Government said Army battalions are being trained to assist with the rapid deployment barriers when needed.

Other tasks could include providing engineering and logistics support, and assisting with the evacuation of affected communities.

In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Show all 17 1 /17 In Pictures: Floods hit the UK In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK Members of Cleveland Mountain Rescue and soldiers from 2 Battalion The Duke of Lancasters Regiment evacuating people from the Queens Hotel in York city centre as the River Ouse floods on December 27, 2015 In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK Teams in Whalley evacuate villagers from their homes In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK A resident of Glenridding, which flooded for the third time this month, surveys the damage In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK The River Ouse, York, has burst its banks In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK A soldier from the 2nd Battalion, Duke of Lancaster’s regiment helps to sure up flood defences in Appleby, Cumbria, one of the areas worst affected by the floods In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK Experts believe the cost of clearing up the most recent flooding could exceed £50m (PA) In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK Hundreds of people have been evacuated from their homes in York In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK A police helicopter photographed the extent of the flooding in York on 27 December. In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK Flooding at Clifford's Tower in York on 27 December In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK Flooding along York's Inner Ring Road on 27 December In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK Water runs out of the Lowther pub in York on 27 December after the River Ouse bursts its banks in York city centre. In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK Flooded streets in Dumfries, Scotland on 30 December Getty In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK A car left submerged in floodwater in Newton Stewart, Scotland PA In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK Staff at the Worlds End bar in Dumfries Scotland desperately try to pump floodwater out of the building PA In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK A man stands in the doorway of his cottage in the flooded town of Straiton in Scotland PA In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK Flooding in the village of Aberfeldy, Perthshire, Scotland In Pictures: Floods hit the UK Floods hit the UK Man wades through floodwater outside a fish and chip shop in Dumfries, Scotland PA

Cabinet Office minister Ben Gummer said: “We want to make sure that people across the United Kingdom keep safe, warm and healthy this winter.

“That is why we are working together to prepare for all that winter may bring, from providing flu vaccinations to specialist equipment and resources to deal with winter flooding.

“With the Army standing by, we have the most comprehensive winter plan yet to keep people safe and the country moving.”

Government sources said other elements of the preparations include:

The most comprehensive package of NHS resilience ever;

Stockpiling of resources to keep roads moving; and

Work with the energy companies to keep the lights and heating on throughout the winter.

In other winter plans, NHS England’s flu vaccination programme has started earlier than ever this year, with five million jabs already administered to children aged from two to seven, as well as “at risk” groups such as pregnant women, over-65s and people with long-term conditions.

Gas and electricity supplies are already working to standards set by the National Flood Resilience review.

And on the roads, local authorities and Highways England have stockpiled 1.7 million tonnes of salt – 500,000 tonnes more than in the severe winter of 2010/11.