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PARIS — A French appeals court convicted a woman and her brother on Friday for “justifying a crime” after her toddler son, named Jihad, went to preschool in a T-shirt bearing the words “I am a bomb” and “Jihad: Born on Sept. 11,” a defence lawyer said.

Bouchra Bagour was given a 2,000-euro fine and a one-month suspended prison sentence and her brother, Zayed, received a 4,000-euro fine and two-month suspended sentence in the court in southeastern Nimes, her lawyer, Gaele Guenoun, said by phone.

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The ruling, which strikes at the intersection of free speech and France’s laws barring hate speech and denial of crimes like genocide, comes months after a lower court in nearby Avignon acquitted the defendants. In France, prosecutors can appeal such rulings — and they did in this case, to the Nimes appeals court.

Under French law, justifying a crime in public is punishable by up to five years in prison and a 45,000-euro fine.