North Korea is likely to be developing biological weapons alongside its nuclear programme, a new report has warned.

A new study by the Belfer Centre, a US thinktank, warns that Pyongyang is likely to have a programme to develop its biological weaponry.

Based on testimony from defectors, it is believed to have begun in the 1960s after the Korean War between 1950 and 1953 caused the deaths of thousands in outbreaks of cholera, typhus, typhoid, and smallpox which the regime blamed on biological attacks by the US.

Following the assassination of Kim Jong-un’s brother Kim Jong-nam in Malaysia with the deadly nerve agent VX in February which reputedly came from the Pyongyang Bio-technical Institute.

The state research centre is run by the North Korean Army and was visited by the dictator himself according to photos which emerged in 2015.

It is thought to be producing several different diseases and manmade biological weapons that the US deems dangerous such as plague, anthrax, viral haemorrhagic fevers and smallpox.

South Korean intelligence believes there are at least three possible biological weapons production facilities and seven research centres associated with developing them.

The authors of the report say although the majority of the international community’s attention has been focused on the ramping up of North Korea’s nuclear weapons programme, their biological programme also needs attention.

Kim Jong-un inspects weapon North Korea says is powerful hydrogen bomb Show all 6 1 /6 Kim Jong-un inspects weapon North Korea says is powerful hydrogen bomb Kim Jong-un inspects weapon North Korea says is powerful hydrogen bomb Photos released by North Korea show Kim Jong-un talking to subordinates next to a device thought to be the new thermonuclear weapon. There is no way of independently verifying the pictures STR/AFP/Getty Images Kim Jong-un inspects weapon North Korea says is powerful hydrogen bomb North Korea claims it has successfully tested an advanced hydrogen bomb which could be loaded onto an intercontinental ballistic missile AFP/Getty Kim Jong-un inspects weapon North Korea says is powerful hydrogen bomb A diagram on the wall behind Mr Kim shows a bomb mounted inside a cone STR/AFP/Getty Images Kim Jong-un inspects weapon North Korea says is powerful hydrogen bomb North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un (C) attending a photo session with participants of the fourth conference of active secretaries of primary organisations of the youth league of the Korean People's Army (KPA) in Pyongyang STR/AFP/Getty Images Kim Jong-un inspects weapon North Korea says is powerful hydrogen bomb A new stamp issued in commemoration of the successful second test launch of the "Hwasong-14" intercontinental ballistic missile KCNA via Reuters Kim Jong-un inspects weapon North Korea says is powerful hydrogen bomb A new stamp issued in commemoration of the successful second test launch of the "Hwasong-14" intercontinental ballistic missile KCNA via Reuters

They said: “Preparation against BW [biological weapons] is urgent and necessary, which will also serve as defence against naturally occurring epidemics that increasingly threaten the 21st century. “Military and public health sectors should cooperate to urgently prepare for ‘dual-response’ mechanisms.

“Components of a well-established ‘dual-response’ program should include the best possible threat assessment by military and intelligence communities, a strong public health detection and response system, a well-coordinated crisis communication strategy among multiple stakeholders, and compliance from an informed public.”

The report also warns that they do not know the extent of the programme or how fast North Korean agents would be able to deploy them.

It quoted a recent statement by the South Korean Defence Ministry which said Pyongyang could weaponise 13 types of biological agents within 10 days.

Weaponising means stabilising and preparing dangerous biological agents such as anthrax, yellow fever or plague to be ready for release against their chosen target.

The report said it was also unclear how these biological weapons could be deployed and methods could range from using missiles, drones, aeroplanes, sprays and even human beings to cause devastation on mass scale.

It noted that North Korea had 200,000 members in its special forces and “even a handful of those special forces armed with biological weapons would be enough to devastate South Korea” and that agents did not need sophisticated training in order to spread the diseases to their intended targets.