KABUL—A bombing outside the Indian consulate in the eastern Afghan city of Jalalabad on Saturday killed nine people and injured 21, most of them children, in the first major attack in the country since the beginning of the holy Muslim month of Ramadan.

Three suicide attackers drove a car laden with explosives into a checkpoint that led to the consulate, but failed to breach the compound, said Ahmad Zia Abdulzai, spokesman for the provincial government.

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