The Population Architecture Using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) program is funded by the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) with co-funding from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD). The contents of this paper are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The PAGE consortium thanks the staff and participants of all PAGE studies for their contributions. We thank R. Williams and M. Ginoza for providing assistance with program coordination. The complete list of PAGE members can be found at http://www.pagestudy.org. Assistance with data management, data integration, data dissemination, genotype imputation, ancestry deconvolution, population genetics, analysis pipelines and general study coordination was provided by the PAGE Coordinating Center (NIH U01HG007419). Genotyping services were provided by the Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR). The CIDR is fully funded through a federal contract from the NIH to The Johns Hopkins University, contract number HHSN268201200008I. Genotype data quality control and quality assurance services were provided by the Genetic Analysis Center in the Biostatistics Department of the University of Washington, through support provided by the CIDR contract. The data and materials included in this report result from collaboration between the following studies and organizations: BioMe Biobank, HCHS/SOL, MEC, PAGE Global Reference Panel and WHI. Their funding is listed below and additional acknowledgements can be found in Supplementary Information 12. The BioMe Biobank received funding for the PAGE IPM BioMe Biobank study through the National Human Genome Research Institute (NIH U01HG007417). Primary funding support to K.E.N., M.G., R.T., H.M.H., C.L.A., C.J.H., A.E.J., B.M.L., M.A.R., K.L.Y., E.B., L.F., M.F., G.H., D.L., C.L.W. and S.Y. (as part of HCHS/SOL) is provided by U01HG007416. Additional support was provided via R01DK101855 and 15GRNT25880008. The HCHS/SOL study was carried out as a collaborative study supported by contracts from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) to the University of North Carolina (N01-HC65233), University of Miami (N01-HC65234), Albert Einstein College of Medicine (N01-HC65235), Northwestern University (N01-HC65236) and San Diego State University (N01-HC65237). The Multiethnic Cohort study (MEC) characterization of epidemiological architecture is funded through the NHGRI PAGE program (NIH U01 HG007397). The MEC study is funded through the National Cancer Institute U01 CA164973. The Stanford Global Reference Panel was created by Stanford-contributed samples and comprises multiple datasets from multiple researchers across the world designed to provide a resource for any researchers interested in diverse population data on the Multi-Ethnic Global Array (MEGA), funded by the NHGRI PAGE program (NIH U01HG007419). The authors thank the researchers and research participants who made this dataset available to the community. Funding support for the ‘Exonic variants and their relation to complex traits in minorities of the WHI’ study is provided through the NHGRI PAGE program (NIH U01HG007376). The WHI program is funded by the NHLBI, NIH, US Department of Health and Human Services through contracts HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, HHSN268201100004C and HHSN271201100004C. K.K.N. was supported by the Cancer Prevention Training Grant in Nutrition, Exercise and Genetics R25CA094880 from the National Cancer Institute. C.R.G. was supported by NHGRI training grant T32 HG000044. H.M.H. was supported by NHLBI training grant T32 HL007055. A.E.J. was supported by NIH 5K99HL130580-02 and NIH L60 MD008384-02. K.L.Y. supported by NCATS KL2TR001109. J.M.K. was supported by KL2TR000421. R.W.W. was supported by NIH 5T32HD049311-07. D.-Y.L. was supported by R01CA082659, R01GM047845 and P01CA142538. L.F.-R. was supported by NICHD training grant T32 HD007168 and P2C HD050924. T.A.T. was supported by P01GM099568.

Reviewer information

Nature thanks André G. Uitterlinden and the other anonymous reviewer(s) for their contribution to the peer review of this work.