The planet’s most northerly human settlement is in the midst of an “unprecedented” heatwave as parts of the Arctic endure one of their hottest summers on record.

Canada’s weather agency confirmed on Tuesday that temperatures in Alert, Nunavut, peaked at 21C at the weekend – far exceeding the July average for the area of around 5C.

Overnight temperatures on Sunday remained above 15C; again, well in excess of nighttime lows that usually hover around freezing in a settlement that lies less than 900km from the North Pole.

The previous temperature record for the town, of 20C, was set in 1956.

In a further alarm bell for the region, the mercury climbed above 20C for a second day on Monday – the first time Alert’s climate station has recorded two consecutive days of 20C-plus temperatures in its history.

Alert - the planet's most northerly human settlement Show all 5 1 /5 Alert - the planet's most northerly human settlement Alert - the planet's most northerly human settlement In this file photo taken on October 16, 2004, Major Chris Dannehl, commanding officer of the Canadian Forces Station Alert, contemplates an iceberg stuck in the frozen shore of the Arctic Ocean AFP/Getty Images Alert - the planet's most northerly human settlement In this file photo taken on October 13, 2004, signs pointing to the different places of origin for the personnel at Alert welcomes newcomers AFP/Getty Images Alert - the planet's most northerly human settlement In this file photo taken on October 14, 2004, with temperatures at -24 degrees Celcius (-11 Fahrenheit), Private Christopher Brewer (L), from Nova Scotia, and other comrades participate in winter camp training in Alert AFP/Getty Images Alert - the planet's most northerly human settlement In this file photo taken on October 17, 2004, an Artic Wolf prowls around the Canadian Alert military and scientific station AFP/Getty Images Alert - the planet's most northerly human settlement In this file photo taken on October 16, 2004, Canadian armed forces personnel stationed at Alert explore the landscape around the post AFP/Getty Images

Alert is the northernmost permanently inhabited place in the world – with a population numbering less than 100 – and is far to the north of the Arctic Circle.

David Phillips, Environment Canada’s chief climatologist, said the weather in the far north of Canada was “quite spectacular” and “unprecedented”.

He told the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation: “It’s nothing that you would have ever seen.”

Armel Castellan, a meteorologist at the Canadian environment ministry, told AFP the extreme weather was “quite phenomenal”.

“It’s an absolute record, we’ve never seen that before,” he said.

Unusually, Victoria, 4,000km south of Alert, enjoyed cooler temperatures of 20.6C while the Arctic settlement baked.

Tyler Hamilton, a meteorologist at the Weather Network, said: “These two communities have a staggering amount of lines of latitude in between them, with the city of Victoria situated at 48°N, while Alert is plopped north of 82°N.

“This is in fact the first time a temperature warmer than 20C has been measured north of 80° on the planet.”

Alert’s heatwave comes as nearby Alaska saw its own record temperatures earlier this month.

Anchorage, the state’s largest city, sweltered in 32C on 4 July – shattering the seasonal high of around 24C.

Other local records were set across southern Alaska and came after five weeks of above-average temperatures in the outlying US state.

Rick Thoman, a climate specialist at the University of Alaska, said at the time that exceptionally warm weather events would only become more frequent because of the loss of sea ice and warming in the Arctic Ocean.

“These kinds of extreme weather events become much more likely in a warming world,” he said.

“Surface temperatures are above normal everywhere around Alaska. The entire Gulf of Alaska, in the Bering Sea, in the Chukchi Sea south of the ice edge, exceptionally warm waters, warmest on record, and of course record-low sea ice extent for this time of year off the north and northwest coasts of the state.”

Arctic Report Card 2018: Arctic has experienced five warmest years on record says US government agency

Research published at the start of the year found Arctic summers may be hotter than they have been for 115,000 years.

Evidence that this century is the warmest the region has faced for millennia came from plants collected in the remote wilderness of Baffin Island.

As glaciers melt in the Canadian Arctic, landscapes are emerging that have not been ice-free for more than 40,000 years.