Law enforcement’s new partnership with genetic genealogy made 2018 a year of profound impact in how years-old cold case murders and rapes are investigated and solved.

Detectives across the country said they were able to locate suspects in 28 cold cases this year after uploading crime scene DNA to GEDmatch.com, a public genealogy website, obtaining a match and then letting a genealogist create family trees through painstaking research that ultimately led to a suspect.

In April, Sacramento police arrested Joseph James DeAngelo, 72, as a suspect in the notorious Golden State Killer case after finding DNA matches to his third cousins in GEDmatch. DeAngelo, a former cop, is accused of committing more than 50 rapes and 13 murders from 1974 to 1986.

Nearly a month later, Parabon NanoLabs in Virginia announced it had used GEDmatch to identify William Earl Talbott II, 55, as a suspect in the 1987 murder of a young Canadian couple, 20-year-old Jay Cook and 18-year-old Tanya Van Cuylenborg, in Snohomish County in Washington state. The identification led to Talbott's arrest.

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Over the next seven months, Parabon used crime scene DNA and GEDmatch to identify suspects and persons of interests in 25 other cold cases and one fresh case and turned the names over to law enforcement agencies who paid for the research. The names of suspects in six of the cases haven't been publicly released, according to Parabon’s Paula Armentrout.

On Dec. 19, Cedar Rapids Police in Iowa announced an arrest in the 39-year-old murder of of an 18-year-old girl Michelle Martinko who was found dead in the parking lot of a mall. Jerry Lynn Burns, 64, was arrested at his job in Manchester. Michelle had been stabbed to death and her body was found Dec. 20, 1979.

“The power of this new partnership between genetic genealogy and law enforcement has unlocked one of the biggest, if not the biggest, crime-fighting breakthroughs in decades,” Parabon genealogist CeCe Moore told Fox News. “And, it isn't just for cold cases. Applying genetic genealogy to active cases is where the real potential of this collaboration will be unleashed."

In July, Moore helped police in Fort Wayne, Ind., crack the 1988 murder and rape of eight-year-old April Tinsley, who was found in a ditch three days after her abduction.

Moore used GEDmatch to create a family tree that narrowed the possible suspect down to two brothers.

One of the brothers, John Miller, 59, confessed when police knocked on his door. He pleaded guilty Dec. 7 in exchange for a sentence of 80 years in prison.

Without going into detail, Moore said the genealogy search she conducted to find Miller and his brother was a struggle.

“I felt like I was battling through a dark jungle and I finally came out on the other side,” she said.

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In Orlando, Fla., Moore and Parabon helped identify Benjamin Holmes Jr., 38, as a suspect in the 2001 murder of Christine Franke. The 25-year-old woman was shot in the head in her apartment and robbed of $300 in tips she earned as a server at a cigar bar. Police found the killer's semen on Franke's body.

“They (Parabon) told me that based on initial findings, it appeared that there were relatives located in GEDmatch that were potentially promising and expect to produce actionable information to work with,” said Michael Fields, the detective who arrested Holmes in November.

Fields said in a 72-page arrest affidavit obtained by Fox News that the relatives Parabon found in GEDmatch were a second cousin and a third cousin of the suspect.

“A full family tree was formed with the knowledge that could be obtained from public records, obituaries, criminal records, police records and interviews with known family members,” Fields says in the court document.

The affidavit goes on to say that Moore created nine branches of that family tree as part of her research. The family tree went all the way back to great-great grandparents.

Over the next few weeks, Moore drew up a list of possible suspects and then started ruling them out through a process of elimination.

Ultimately, the genealogist was left with only two possible suspects -- Holmes and his brother, according to the affidavit.

The document says that investigators then visited their mother in Georgia who willingly agreed to give police a DNA sample. Her husband, the father of Holmes and his brother, refused.

Fields said in the affidavit that the mother’s DNA sample was collected from the inside of her cheek.

The mother’s DNA confirmed that either Holmes or his brother was the person who killed Franke, according to the affidavit.

Eventually, the brother was ruled out as a suspect after detectives obtained a DNA sample from him surreptitiously, the affidavit says. An undercover offered a bottle of Gatorade to the brother who drank a few sips and then later tossed it in a garbage can. Other officers retrieved the discarded bottle.

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Holmes’s DNA was obtained when detectives conducting surveillance saw him toss out a cigar he had been smoking and a can of beer he had been drinking.

The cigar and the beer can were tested for DNA, which produced a match with the DNA from the crime scene, according to the affidavit.

“This case is proof that by combining genealogical analysis, forensics and investigative expertise law enforcement has a new tool in their belt to solve many cases,” Florida Department of Law Enforcement Commissioner Richard Swearingen said after Holmes’ arrest.

The victim’s mother Tina Franke said she hopes genetic genealogy continues to help crack cold cases to help other families like hers.

“We didn’t learn until recently,” she said. “We didn’t have a face. We didn’t know anything. The person could live right around the corner from you and you don’t know it.”

About 1.2 million people have uploaded their DNA profiles to GEDmatch, Curtis Rogers, the website’s founder, told Fox News. GEDmatch has offices in Lake Worth, Fla.

Rogers said GEDmatch users know law enforcement is using the website to search for matches to suspects in cold cases. Few have objected, he said.

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“I’ve gotten a handful that had a question but that’s it,” he said.

Rogers said he is suppposed to be notified when a law enforcement agency uploads DNA to GEDmatch, but admitted it hasn't happened all the time. He said he lets police use the website to investigate two kinds of crime--rape and murder.

“It is here to stay,” Rogers said. “It’s a whole new aspect for forensic science.”

In October, Parabon identified a suspect in the 1990 rape and murder of a video store worker Pamela Felkins, 32, in Arkansas, using GEDmatch.

“By using the unknown DNA a family tree building technique was used to identify Edward Renegar,” Faulkner County Sheriff Tim Ryals said.

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However, investigators weren't able to bring Renegar to justice. He died of natural causes in Utah in 2002.

The case now remains open, Ryals said. Investigators still aren't sure if Renegar acted alone.

Felkins died after being stabbed and bludgeoned. Her husband reported her missing when he went to the video store and she wasn't there. He found her cigarette still burning in an ashtray and her coffee still steaming in a cup. He thought she was using the bathroom. Deputies found her body the next day.

“We were friends for 20 years and she was just your regular working mother devoted to her kids, doing the best she could for them,” Carolyn Pratt, 61, of Vilonia, Ark., told Fox News.

She said if it wasn’t for GEDmatch, Renegar would have never been found.

“We’re glad they were able to use it and bring it back to matching the suspect,” she said, adding: “It’s amazing they can use it to solve a case. At least it's being used for a good thing."

GEDmatch cold case breakthroughs of 2018:

April 25

Joseph DeAngelo, 72

Charged with being the Golden State Killer who committed 50 rapes and 12 murders in northern California from 1974 to 1986.

May 21

William Earl Talbott, 55

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in the killing of a young Canadian couple in Snohomish County, Wash., in November, 1987.

June 20

Gary Hartman, 66

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in the murder of 12-year-ol Michella Welch in Tacoma, Wash., in March 1986.

June 25

Raymond Rowe, 49

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in the murder of 25-year-old Christy Mirack in Lancaster County, Pa., in 1992.

June 25

James Otto Earhart

Identified as the prime suspect in the murder of 40-year-old Virginia Freeman in rural Brazos County, Texas, in December, 1980. Earhart was executed in 1999 for kidnapping and murdering nine-year-old Kandy Kirtland in Brazos County in 1987.

July 15

John Dale Miller, 59

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in the murder of eight-year-old April Tinsley in Fort Wayne, Ind., in April 1981. Miller pleaded guilty Dec. 7 in exchange for an 80-year prison sentence.

July 18

Matthew Dusseault, 20

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in the stabbing death of 81-year-old Constance Gauthier in Woonsocket, R.I., in March 2016. Police also arrested an accomplice after Dusseault's identification.

July 28

Spencer Monnett, 32

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in the rape of a 79-year-old woman in her home in St. George, Utah, on April 17, 2018.

Aug. 22

Darold Bowden, 43

Arrested and charged with being identified the Ramsey Street Rapist who police said committed six rapes in Fayetteville, N.C., between March 2006 and January 2008.

Aug. 29

Michael Henslick, 30

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in the murder of 22-year-old Holly Cassano in Champaign County, Ill., in November 2009.

Sept. 14

Marlon Alexander, 39

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in the rapes of four women in Montgomery County, Md., between 2007 and 2011.

Sept. 19

Luke Fleming, 39

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in the rape and murder of 47-year-old Deborah Dalzell in Sarasota, Fla., in March 1999.

Sept. 21

Roy Charles Waller, 58

Arrested and charged with being the NorCal Rapist who committed at least 10 rapes in Northern California between 1991 and 2006.

Oct. 5

Robert Brashers

Linked to three killings and a rape. Authorities said he killed Genevieve Zitricki in Greenville, S.C., in 1990 and Sherri Scherer and her 12-year-old daughter, Megan, in Portageville, Mo., in 1998. Police said he also raped a 14-year-old girl in Memphis, Tenn., in 1997. Brashers killed himself in Kennett, Mo., in 1999, in a standoff with police investigating the theft of license plate.

Oct. 8

Michael DeVaughn, 51

Arrested as a suspect in the murder of one woman, 65-year-old Betty Jones, and the rape of another woman, 85-year-old Kathryn Crigler, in Starkville, Miss., in September 1990. Crigler died in a nursing home several months after the attack, the Jackson Clarion-Ledger reported.

Oct. 29

Edward Renegar

Identified as the prime suspect in the rape and murder of 32-year-old Pamela Felkins in Faulkner County, Ark., in February 1990. Renegar died of natural causes in Utah in 2002.

Nov. 1

Jerry Lee, 61

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in the shooting death of 28-year-old Lorrie Ann Smith in Fulton County, Ga., in May 1997.

Nov. 2

Fred Lee Frampton Jr., 32

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in the shooting death of 24-year-old Michael Temple in a home invasion in Odenton, Md., in February 2010.

Nov. 5

Benjamin Holmes, 38

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in the rape and murder of 25-year-old Christine Franke in Orlando, Fla., in October 2001.

Nov. 13

David Mabrito

Identified as a suspect in the brutal murder of 39-year-old Jodine Serrin in Carlsbad, Calif., in February 2007. Police said Mabrito, a transient, killed himself in 2011.

Nov. 21

John Arthur Getreu, 74,

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in the murder of 21-year-old Leslie Perlov in Santa Clara County in February 1973.

Dec. 12

Christopher Quinn Williams, 35

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in multiple break-ins since October 2015. Police said the burglar broke into the homes of women and fondled them as they slept.

Dec. 19

Jerry Lynn Burns, 64

Arrested after being identified as a suspect in the murder of a 18-year-old Michelle Martinko in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, in December 1979.

Also, Parabon reports that it has identified suspects in six more cases but the law enforcement agencies handling those cases have not released the names publicly.