Having written a number of popular science books, I decided three years ago to try my hand at fiction. How hard could it be, I reasoned arrogantly. Well, harder than I thought. But I enjoyed writing Sunfall because it’s precisely the sort of book I enjoy reading, even though lacking zombies, vampires or teenagers with superpowers, I guess Netflix won’t be buying the rights.

I’ve always been a fan of near-future “hard sci-fi”. I prefer the science to be believable, and grew up on the books of Arthur C Clarke, Isaac Asimov and Larry Niven. So, when it came to writing my own sci-fi thriller, I felt I was very well placed to put in a lot of science and get it right. Setting the story two decades from now means I can make a reasonably reliable prediction of what the world might be like and extrapolate the science and tech of today into a plausible future.

Sunfall also falls into a subgenre of hard sci-fi that I’d call the end-of-the-world novel. This is broader than just apocalyptic or postapocalyptic fiction, since it also encompasses disaster thrillers involving humanity under threat, whether or not that threat is averted. Often, the threat comes from science itself – or rather, from humanity’s misuse of it. A good example is Margaret Atwood’s Oryx and Crake, which paints a picture of scientists playing god and conducting terrible experiments with viruses and genetic engineering. In Sunfall, science is trying to save the world.

So, here are my top 10 end-of-the-world science fiction books:

1. The Andromeda Strain by Michael Crichton

This 1969 techno-thriller established Crichton as a sci-fi bestseller. It describes a deadly extraterrestrial microbe, codenamed “Andromeda”, that is transported to Earth by a meteor and which clots human blood, causing death within two minutes. Although I never felt comfortable with some of Crichton’s views, often depicting science as a threat to humankind (think Jurassic Park and Prey) as well as his contentious line on climate change, I cannot but admire the man who gave us the movie Westworld. And like much of his sci-fi work, The Andromeda Strain is a terrific thriller.

2. Lucifer’s Hammer by Larry Niven and Jerry Pournelle

When I looked at the sci-fi collection on my bookshelves before compiling this list, I was surprised by how many of Niven’s books I had. I’d also forgotten what classics s such as Ringworld and The Mote in God’s Eye were. Niven is a master of hard sci-fi and together with Pournelle (another US genius), he wrote this apocalyptic thriller in 1977. A giant comet hits the Earth, creating collossal earthquakes, giant tsunamis and ultimately the beginning of a new ice age. A handful of humans struggle to survive.

3. Moonseed by Stephen Baxter

Baxter is a prolific British hard sci-fi writer who has explored fantastical ideas in physics. Moonseed was the final book of his Nasa trilogy, which falls into the “alternate history” category. A space mission returns to Earth with a lump of rock containing a mysterious nano-substance called “moonseed” that converts all inorganic matter into moonseed. As the Earth begins to disintegrate, a group of scientists desperately try to save humanity.

4. Earth by David Brin

This book has parallels with mine. Both are set a few decades from now, when much of today’s emerging science and tech is part of the backdrop. But Brin wrote his book 30 years ago, so he will have a better claim than I have to being a visionary futurologist if his predictions come true. You can only hope we won’t see the novel’s central event, which involves physicists carelessly dropping the mini black hole they’ve created, threatening Earth’s destruction.

5. Quantum Night by Robert J Sawyer

This is a wonderfully imaginative mix of psychology, quantum mechanics and the meaning of human consciousness. It is based on the “quantum mind” idea developed by the physicist Roger Penrose in the late 80s. The theory is not taken very seriously now by scientists, but is great sci-fi thriller fodder.

6. Station Eleven by Emily St John Mandel

This is the first of two books with postapocalyptic themes. It is brilliantly written and hugely engaging. The novel is set after a flu pandemic has killed most of the world’s population, yet is also a story of heartwarming optimism. A band of actors and musicians travel across the US putting on Shakespearean shows to isolated communities of survivors. This subgenre is referred to as “cosy catastrophe” (a term coined by Brian Aldiss) and contrasts with the more usual dystopian themes of violence and anarchy (think Mad Max or Walking Dead).

Facebook Twitter Pinterest Pioneering climate-change fiction … JG Ballard. Photograph: John Lawrence/Rex

7. The Drowned World by JG Ballard

This 1962 novel depicts a postapocalyptic future in which global warming has rendered much of planet uninhabitable. In stark contrast to Station Eleven, it is a dark and depressing tale of survivors forced to reinvent their ethical and moral codes when civilisation collapses. It is widely regarded as one of the first climate-change fiction texts.

8. Cat’s Cradle by Kurt Vonnegut

Vonnegut is one of my favourite writers. A scientist, Dr Felix Hoenikker, dies having invented a deadly chemical called “ice-nine” that is capable of freezing the entire planet. The ultimately futile race is then on to find it. Vonnegut writes with a dark humour, satirising the arms race and humanity’s stupidity. In many ways, this is the exact depressing opposite of my book, in which I stress the positive side of humanity’s resourcefulness and ingenuity, but I still love it.

9. The Year When Stardust Fell by Raymond F Jones

Another “threat from space” book. The fallout from a mysterious glowing comet causes civilisation to grind to a halt as all transport and machinery stop working and society is thrown back to the stone age. This is science fiction at its best – a thought-provoking yet fast-paced thriller.

10. Good Omens by Terry Pratchett and Neil Gaiman

Facebook Twitter Pinterest A lighter way to end the world … the upcoming TV dramatisation of Good Omens. Photograph: Amazon Prime Video/PA



My list ends with a very funny book. The apocalypse is coming – next Saturday, just before dinner. While the usual pre-apocalypse chaos ensues, an angel and a demon, who enjoy comfortable lives among mortals, join forces to sabotage the End Times. Gaiman says he began the tale as a parody of Richmal Crompton’s Just William books and was going to name it William the Antichrist, but that in collaboration with Pratchett it became more complex, with several subplots – involving the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse and a 17th-century witch called Agnes Nutter.

• Sunfall by Jim Al-Khalili is published by Bantam. To order a copy, go to guardianbookshop.com or call 0330 333 6846. Free UK p&p over £15, online orders only. Phone orders min p&p of £1.99.