Albus Dumbledore was the Headmaster of Hogwarts for over thirty years, a time period that encompassed both of Voldemort’s attempts to take over the Wizarding world. Considered to be the most powerful wizard of his time, Dumbledore was awarded the Order of Merlin, First Class, and was the Supreme Mugwump of the International Confederation of Wizards as well as the Chief Warlock of the Wizengamot.

Although in his later years Albus Dumbledore was known as much for his eccentricity, gentle humor and unfailing kindness as his magical abilities, he was deeply ashamed of some of the things he did — and thought — in his youth. He learned the hard way about the seductiveness of power, and its costs, and spent the rest of his life trying to understand and contain the darker impulses in Wizarding society.

Dumbledore was the oldest of the three children of Kendra, a Muggle-born witch, and Percival Dumbledore, a wizard. When Albus was ten and his brother Aberforth was eight, tragedy born of the friction between the Muggle and Wizarding worlds struck the family and changed it forever. Albus’s six-year-old sister Ariana was beaten by three Muggle boys when she frightened them by performing magic. She survived, but was so badly injured that her development was permanently damaged. Her brother Aberforth told Harry that she refused to use her magic but couldn’t remove it either, and that drove her mad. Her magic would explode out of her in uncontrolled, unpredictable ways.

When their father Percival was sent to Azkaban for attacking the boys that injured Ariana, Kendra decided to keep her daughter’s condition a secret and moved the family from Mould-on-the-Wold to Godric’s Hollow where the family kept to themselves. Albus, and later Aberforth, would attend Hogwarts, but Ariana remained hidden, and her magic untrained and uncontrolled.

Albus went on to be a stand-out student at Hogwarts, and was about to go on a grand tour of the Wizarding world with Elphias Doge in 1899 when Ariana accidentally killed their mother Kendra. Instead of traveling the world and launching a great career, Albus reluctantly stayed to care for Ariana. That summer he met young Gellert Grindelwald and became entranced with Gellert and his ideas: visions of Wizard supremacy, and his search for the three Deathly Hallows. Ariana was neglected while Albus became infatuated with Gellert and discussed Wizard takeovers “for the greater good” of the world. Eventually, Albus’s brother Aberforth confronted the two of them about Ariana, a fight ensued, and Ariana was killed. Gellert fled, and Albus fully realized what his friend was capable of, and where his ideas would have taken them. Albus deeply regretted his role in his sister’s death for the rest of his life.

Instead of conquering the world, Albus avoided politics and concentrated on scholarship, discovering the twelve uses of dragon’s blood, and exploring alchemy with Nicholas Flamel. A few years after leaving Hogwarts, he became a professor at there where he taught Transfiguration. In 1938, Tom Riddle was admitted to Hogwarts. While others were impressed with his brilliance, Dumbledore began to be disturbed by Tom’s fascination with power and cruelty toward others. As Europe descended into totalitarianism and war, Tom Riddle became fascinated by similar ideas of Wizard supremacy. He changed his name to Lord Voldemort, and began gathering objects of power and seeking ways to cheat death. After Dumbledore’s spectacular defeat of his onetime friend Grindelwald in 1945, Albus Dumbledore became the only wizard that Voldemort feared.

When Lord Voldemort and the Death Eaters began their brutal subjugation of Wizarding society in the 1970s and the Ministry of Magic could not cope, Dumbledore (now Hogwarts Headmaster) formed the Order of the Phoenix to fight against Voldemort and for the rights of Muggles and Muggle-born wizards. The Order suffered tremendous losses, but prevailed when Voldemort’s power was broken by Lily Potter’s instinctive self-sacrifice for her infant son Harry, “the boy who lived.” Dumbledore delivered the orphaned Harry to his Muggle aunt for protection, and a ten-year period of relative peace began.

Unfortunately for nearly everyone, Voldemort survived and eventually regained enough of his strength to try again to realize his monstrous ambitions. Dumbledore realized that the Wizarding world’s best hope lay in an eleven-year-old boy named Harry Potter who had just begun his schooling at Hogwarts, for Harry had been prophesied to be the one with “the power to vanquish the Dark Lord” before his birth. This time, Dumbledore had an unlikely ally, former Death Eater and Potions Master Severus Snape.

Harry was Dumbledore’s man from the very beginning; Dumbledore had much more difficulty with the relationship. Instead of a pawn to prepare for sacrifice, he had a neglected, loving, courageous child who needed to be both confident and selfless enough to do the unthinkable. At Harry’s first Christmas, Dumbledore gave Harry his father’s Cloak of Invisibility, a rare object of unusual power, and then stood back and waited to see what he did with it. This odd, detached teaching method was very effective with Harry, but it also enabled Dumbledore to make an “old man’s mistake” and delay fully disclosing the complete details and implications of Trelawney’s prophecy to him.

Dumbledore made another mistake, but this one was fatal. As Harry was learning to trust his friends, his power and his instincts, Dumbledore had begun the hunt for Tom Riddle’s Horcruxes and discovered that he wasn’t immune to the lure of the Deathly Hallows after all. He already had the Elder Wand (taken from Grindelwald in battle), Harry had the legendary Cloak of Invisibility, and there in the Peverell ring Horcrux was the Resurrection Stone which would allow him to see his parents and sister again. Unthinking, he put the cursed ring on his right hand. After containing the damage, Snape later told Dumbledore that he could not completely stop the damage from spreading, as it was a type of curse that strengthened over time. Dumbledore had about a year left to shape events before he died.

Severus Snape had lived up to his word to Dumbledore so many years ago, and protected Harry’s life while maintaining his credibility with Voldemort. Now, at this crossroads, Dumbledore ruthlessly compelled Snape to promise one more thing — to kill him, if needed, to maintain his cover and spare young Draco Malfoy the experience. Snape agreed, though this clearly repelled him.

During his last year of life, Dumbledore showed Harry how to hunt for Horcruxes, and left clues about the Deathly Hallows for Harry and his friends to work out for themselves. He knew Harry well enough by then to be sure that – unlike himself – Harry would not be tempted by the Hallows for long. Dumbledore was killed by Severus Snape in June of 1997 and buried in a white marble tomb on the grounds of Hogwarts.

Birth name: Albus Percival Wulfric Brian Dumbledore (OP8).

Other names: Voldemort refers to him as “that champion of commoners, of Mudbloods and Muggles” (GF33).

Birthdate: 1881 (JKR), probably in July or August. This date supercedes Jo’s statement in 2001 that Dumbledore was “about 150 years old” (Blue Nose Day) and fits better with the dates that appear in Book 7. Regarding his month of birth, Rita says that Dumbledore was “nearing” his 18th birthday when he left Hogwarts in June, but was still 17 when he met Grindelwald (DH18). Basically, at some point during Grindelwald’s stay at Godric’s Hollow Dumbledore turned 18, so the month of his birth appears to be July or August.

Deathdate: June, 1997 (when he was killed by Severus Snape), but 1996 according to Rowling’s Wizard of the Month declaration (JKR).

APPEARANCE

Eye color: blue.

Hair color: white (originally auburn).

Other characteristics: Scar in the shape of the London Underground above his knee (PS1). After summer of 1996, withered, blackened right (wand) hand (HBP3).

The ring: “It was large, rather clumsily made of what looked like gold, and was set with a heavy black stone that had cracked down the middle.” Worn on Dumbledore’s left hand beginning at about the same time he injured his right hand (HBP4).

After the potion: His face is damp and as pale as an Inferi. The corners of his mouth twitch.

Descriptions from the books:

“He was tall, thin, and very old, judging by the silver of his hair and beard, which were both long enough to tuck into his belt. He was wearing long robes, a purple cloak that swept the ground, and high-heeled, buckled boots. His blue eyes were light, bright, and sparkling behind half-moon spectacles and his nose was very long and crooked, as though it had been broken at least twice.”(PS1)

“He wore half-moon glasses, had along, crooked nose, and flowing silver hair, beard, and mustache.”(PS6)

“Professor Dumbledore, though very old, always gave an impression of great energy. He had several feet of long silver hair and beard, half-moon spectacles, and an extremely crooked nose. He was often described as the greatest wizard of the age, but that wasn’t why Harry respected him. You couldn’t help trusting Albus Dumbledore…” (PA5)

The silvery light from the Pensieve illuminated Dumbledore’s face, and it struck Harry suddenly how very old he was looking. He knew, of course, that Dumbledore was getting on in years, but somehow he never really thought of Dumbledore as an old man (GF30).

After the Battle of the Department of Mysteries, something injured Dumbledore’s right (wand) hand. It was “blackened and shriveled; it looked as though his flesh had been burned away.” (HBP3)

DUMBLEDORE at HOGWARTS

First year: 1892.

House: Gryffindor (pm)

School awards, etc.: “Examined him personally in Transfiguration and Charms when he did N.E.W.T.s … Did things with a wand I’d never seen before …” –Griselda Marchbanks (OP31). “Head Boy, Prefect, Winner of the Barnabus Finkley Prize for Exceptional Spell-Casting, British Youth Representative to the Wizengamot, Gold Medal-Winner for Ground-Breaking Contribution to the International Alchemical Conference in Cairo.” (DH18)

Career: By c.1913 he was Hogwarts Transfiguration professor (CS17, WFT); Hogwarts School Headmaster c.1965 until his death.

Family Ancestry: Half-blood (his mother Kendra was Muggle-born) (DH8).

Mother: Kendra Dumbledore, accidentally killed in 1899 by her 14-year-old daughter Ariana, who was mentally unstable.

Father: Percival Dumbledore, imprisoned c.1890 at Azkaban for an attack on Muggles when Albus was about 10 years old.

Siblings: Younger brother Aberforth (born 1883 or 1884) and sister Ariana (born 1884 or 1885, died 1899); both brothers are haunted by their sister's accidental death (DH3).

Location of childhood home: Mould-on-the-Wold until the attack on his sister, then Godric's Hollow.

Relationships: Fell in love with Gellert Grindelwald when Albus was 17, but was “terribly let down by him” when he realized what Gellert was capable of (CH2).

Pet: Fawkes, a phoenix.