Nowadays many farmers are shifting farming to other professions due to insufficient financial protection. Climatic change is a significant challenge for the farmer. More than 95% of farmer uses the traditional farming technique in India. If we wanted to earn more profit from agriculture, we have to adopt modern farming techniques such as Greenhouse farming ( polyhouse farming), hydroponic farming, aquaponic farming.

In India, we import many fruits, vegetables, and flowers from other countries and pay them very good money. If we grow this flower vegetable & fruit in our country with the help of modern techniques, we can earn an outstanding amount of money, so I say this modern technique like greenhouse farming will improve the living standard of our Indian farmer.

Introduction of Greenhouse:

Before start Greenhouse farming lets clear some concept…

What is Greenhouse?

A Greenhouse is a framed structure covered with a transparent material and large enough to grow crops under partial or fully controlled environmental conditions to get optimum growth and productivity.

Greenhouse Technology is the technique of providing favorable environment conditions to the plants.

Of all agricultural production activities, the greenhouse industry is worldwide the fastest growing sector. The greenhouse is goldmines that offer the most profitable business opportunities.

The use of the greenhouse is mainly for the production of seasonal and non- seasonal crops, for the production of high-quality flowers, vegetables, and the preparation of nursery prepared by tissue culture.

Greenhouses offer many advantages

Advantages of Greenhouse:

The yield may be 10-12 times higher than that of outdoor cultivation depending upon the type of greenhouse, type of crop, environmental control facilities.

Reliability of crop increases under greenhouse cultivation.

Ideally suited for vegetables and flower crops.

Year round production of floricultural crops.

Off-season production of vegetable and fruit crops.

Disease-free and genetically superior transplants can be produced continuously.

Efficient utilization of chemicals, pesticides to control pest and diseases.

Water requirement of crops very limited and easy to control

How to start Greenhouse farming?

To start Greenhouse farming is required heavy expenditure on infrastructure, equipment, labour, a raw material also greenhouse farmer must have technical, economical & marketing knowledge, hence you must finish a training program.

In India, there is various government organization provide, Greenhouse farming ( polyhouse Farming) training.

We provide Greenhouse farming training and consultancy service. For training and consultancy details please Call or WhatsApp – 87 88462787 or info@agricultureguruji.com.

To start greenhouse farming follow this step.

1) Overview Of Greenhouse

What is the difference between greenhouse and Polyhouse?

There is no such difference between polyhouse and greenhouse. The greenhouse is the broad term, Polyhouse is among the kinds of Greenhouse in which polyethylene is used as the main material for construction.

The durability of the polyhouse is more compared to other types of Greenhouse.

Let ‘s understand which are the different type of greenhouse –

I ) Types of Greenhouse:

There are different types of greenhouses available based on shape, construction, material, and ventilation. Each greenhouse type has its own advantage. Different types of greenhouse are designed according to match specific needs.

Generally, in India sawtooth Natural ventilated greenhouse is used for cut flower, vegetable production purpose.

A) Greenhouse type based on Shape

Sawtooth type Greenhouse Ridge and furrow type greenhouse Uneven span type greenhouse Even span type of greenhouse. Sawtooth type. Quonset greenhouse. Interlocking ridges greenhouse. Ground to ground greenhouse

B) Greenhouse type based on construction

Wooden framed structures – It is a low-cost greenhouse for Vegetable Production. Pipe framed structures

C) Greenhouse type based on covering materials

Glass greenhouse plastic greenhouse

D) Greenhouse type based on ventilation

1. Natural Vent Greenhouse –

This type of greenhouse is based on natural ventilation and depending on the crops the temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide gas can be maintained as per the requirement.

In this Greenhouse, shade nets are used to prevent insect and bacterial access also for control inside temperature.

This type of greenhouse used for the production of cut flower-like Gerbera, Dutch rose, Carnation, Lily & Vegetable like Colour capsicum, Tomato, Cucumber, Exotic vegetables.

2. Climate control Greenhouse (Fan & Pad Polyhouses) –

In such a greenhouse, temperature and humidity are controlled by using micro-irrigation techniques. In this type of greenhouse, the internal environment is fully managed.

This type of greenhouse mostly uses for Hi-tech Nursery.

II) Point to consider before Selecting Greenhouse site

Before deciding to start greenhouse farming, you have to consider the following point to become successful in greenhouse farming

Soil PH Should be between 5.5 to 6.5 and EC (Volatility) 0.3 to 0.5 mm cm/cm Good water quality is continuously available. The irrigation water samples should be range from PH 5.5 to 7.0 and E.C. 0.1 to 0.3 The selected place should be pollution-free. There should be roads for transportation and shipping of goods in the market. The place should be large enough for the upcoming expansion. Workers should be available easily. There should be excellent communication facilities in place. The drainage of the soil should be excellent.

III) Which Crop Suitable for Greenhouse Farming

To start Greenhouse farming required high investment hence though the crop is having high commercial value & sustainable market demand this crop cultivated in the Greenhouse.

Floriculture crop like all cut flower & vegetable is mostly grown in the greenhouse.

What are the most profitable crops to grow in a greenhouse?

The profitability of greenhouse crop depends upon the various factors such as market, climatic condition, labour, raw material availability.

List of Most Popular Floriculture and vegetable growing crop in a Greenhouse.

Floriculture Vegetable & Fruit Gerbera Colour Capsicum Dutch Rose cucumber Carnations tomato Anthurium exotic vegetable Lily Strawberry Orchids Gypsophila Limonium Alstroemeria

2) Apply For Bank Loan

The initial investment in greenhouse farming is enormous. To start Greenhouse farming cost come approximately is 40 Lac- 60 Lac ( greenhouse cost per acre )

Many banks are interested in providing Horticulture loans to farmers.

To get a loan for the greenhouse, you have to Create Greenhouse farming project report with the help of the chartered accountant or any agency and present it to the bank for loan officer also this project report is useful for an apply subsidy for the greenhouse.

Steps for creating a project report

Introduction about Greenhouse farmer The need for Greenhouse project Technical analysis Economical analysis

Download Greenhouse Farming project report pdf

List of documents required in the bank

Detailed Project Report 8 “A” land Report 7/12 of land Report Estimate of polyhouse Blueprint of polyhouse Estimate of plants Estimate of Irrigation Soil and water analysis report Buyer’s letter

Bank provide Loan with 12% – 14% interest, for the 5-7 year period and mostly many bank offer EMI (equated monthly installment) option quarterly or every six months.

For the subsidy, purpose takes the loan from nationals bank, district bank and this is precondition government stated in subsidy norm.

List Of the Bank Providing Horticulture Loan

3) Apply for Greenhouse Subsidy

Our Indian government is promoting greenhouse farming they offered a subsidy for greenhouse farming through the horticulture department.

The government gives subsidy from 50%-60% to the project cost of the greenhouse. Subsidy percentage varies with the state to state.

For subsidy-related information read guideline NHM & NHB website or contact the nearest government agriculture office they guide you.

Before applying the subsidy following document required

Detailed Project Report Certified Copy of record of rights over the piece of project-land ( 7/12 of land) loan sanctioned letter issued by the bank with complete terms & condition

For NHB you can apply online here click

National Horticulture Board subsidy norm

National Horticulture Mission subsidy norm

4) Place an order Greenhouse construction company.

After the government approves a Letter of Intent (LOI) for subsidy & passing bank loan Next step is to Start greenhouse construction there are many greenhouse construction companies available in the market contact them and check past company projects ( work quality) & negotiated for greenhouse construction rate.

Required Cost to set a Polyhouse

Greenhouse construction cost (Polyhouse) is around Rs.700 to Rs.1000 per square meter. The cost depends on some factors like the quality of the material, size, shape, transport, and structure.

5) Plant Booking/ Ordering

To produce a good quality flower and vegetable plant quality must superior quality and free from any disease.

In India, there are very few nurseries who are providing an excellent quality plant for the greenhouse so place a booking order before setup plastic cover on the greenhouse to avoid delay in the plantation.

before plant booking following point should be considered

which variety has high market demand variety yield performance report which variety suitable for our climate disease and pest report

You can collect this information form nursery representative or form another greenhouse owner also remember plant nursery companies not only sell plants they entirely give plant cultivation guidance so don’t hesitate any plant-related query.

List Of Hi-tech Nursery Company

6) Cultural practices

Every growing plant has a different cultivation and management procedure. Plant nursery company provide detail guidelines for fertilization schedule, pest & disease control management procedure.

You can find greenhouse crop cultivation guide here gerbera cultivation guide, dutch rose cultivation guide, carnation cultivation, and capsicum cultivation

The Key to become a successful greenhouse farmer is “Evey day close monitoring crop” it is helpful for understanding any pest, disease attack on the crop at an early stage. also it helps to understand nutrients deficiency in the plant.

There are some important tools and chemical must be required for every greenhouse farmer

EC-PH Meter – This meter is helpful for soil and water analysis it is important to decide fertilizer dose combination. Buy – EC-PH Meter

– This meter is helpful for soil and water analysis it is important to decide fertilizer dose combination. Hygrometer -Thermometer – This device show humidity and temperature inside the greenhouse. Buy – Hygrometer -Thermometer

– This device show humidity and temperature inside the greenhouse. Weighing Scale – This device is useful to measure the required quantity of fertilizer for per

Buy – Weighing Scale

dose

Soil sterilization – Hydrogen Peroxide with Silver is mostly used for soil sterilization. Kumaran Enterprise is the leading manufacturer of hydrogen peroxide with silver.

Contact – 9845033066

www.oxipure.co.in

7) Marketing:

The export quality product produces in the greenhouse as per market specification creates packaging and market them with their own marketing or with the help of an agent or broker.

For cut flower and vegetable the major market is in a metro city like Hyderabad, Mumbai, Delhi, Ahmedabad, Kolkata, Pune, Banglore.

Most of the greenhouse growers market their product with the help of a broker/agent. For cut flower agent work on 10% commission.

List Of Major Flower Agent/ Broker

BABA FLOWER,

Guddi Malkapur, Mendipetnum Indra Reddy Flower Market, Hyderabad NIZAM-FLOWER

New Osmanguni, Hyderabad Navrang Flower

New Osmanguni, Hyderabad Shop No.15/16, Vijay Nagar Building, Tulsi Pipe Road, Dadar West, Mumbai NIKHIL BHOITE

Old Flower Market, Bhuleshwar, Mumbai- 400002(Mah.) INDIA. VIVEK FLORA

Shop No. 1, Upendra Nagar, Old Phool Market, S.B Marg.,

Dadar (W), Mumbai – 400 028 ROSARY WORLD

House No.437/3a, Divison No.3 Benjamin Road, Near CMC Hospital.

Ludhiana Punjab 141008 VARLAK AGRO-TECH PVT. LTD.

Sy. No. 13, Village Navarathna Agrahara, Sadahalli Post, Devanhalli Road

Bangalore Karnataka 562110