Nearly 100 civilians were killed or injured in Yemen each week in 2018, the United Nations refugee agency has said.

About 5,000 civilians were either killed or wounded last year, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) said in a report, averaging out to 93 victims a week.

A fifth of casualties were children, which counted for 410 deaths and 542 injuries.

Nearly half of all casualties took place in the country’s west, including in the war-torn port city of Hodeida.

The largest number of civilians were killed or injured inside their homes (30 per cent), while others died or were wounded while travelling on the roads, working on farms or at local businesses, markets or other civilian areas.

Brutal effects of Yemeni war Show all 12 1 /12 Brutal effects of Yemeni war Brutal effects of Yemeni war Yemen organised by the UAE's National Media Council shows a Yemeni woman holding a child diagnosed with malnutrition at a hospital in the southeastern port city of Mukalla, the capital Hadramawt province AFP/Getty Images Brutal effects of Yemeni war Mohamed, 2, is treated for Malnutrition in Mukalla, the capital Hadramawt province, Yemen Bel Trew Brutal effects of Yemeni war a trip in Yemen organised by the UAE's National Media Council (NMC) shows a Yemeni woman holding a child diagnosed with malnutrition at a hospital in the southeastern port city of Mukalla, the capital Hadramawt province. AFP/Getty Images Brutal effects of Yemeni war UAE's National Media Council (NMC) shows a Yemeni woman sitting next to a child diagnosed with malnutrition at a hospital in the southeastern port city of Mukalla, the capital Hadramawt province. AFP/Getty Brutal effects of Yemeni war A picture taken on August 7, 2018 during a trip in Yemen organised by the UAE's National Media Council shows Yemeni women attending to children diagnosed with malnutrition at a hospital in the southeastern port city of Mukalla, the capital Hadramawt province. (Photo by KARIM SAHIB / AFP) (Photo credit should read KARIM SAHIB/AFP/Getty Images) AFP/Getty Images Brutal effects of Yemeni war Mohamed, 2, is treated for Malnutrition in Mukalla, the capital Hadramawt province, Yemen Bel Trew Brutal effects of Yemeni war A Yemeni child suffering from malnutrition is weighed at a hospital in the northern district of Abs, in Yemen's Hajjah province AFP/Getty Images Brutal effects of Yemeni war A Yemeni child suffering from malnutrition awaits treatment at a hospital in the northern district of Abs, in Yemen's Hajjah province AFP/Getty Images Brutal effects of Yemeni war A Yemeni child suffering from malnutrition awaits treatment at a hospital in the northern district of Abs, in Yemen's Hajjah province AFP/Getty Images Brutal effects of Yemeni war Yemeni nurses weigh a malnourished child at a hospital in the northern district of Yemen's Hajjah province AFP/Getty Images Brutal effects of Yemeni war A Yemeni woman carries a malnourished child as she waits during food distribution in the province of Hodeida AFP/Getty Brutal effects of Yemeni war A Yemeni child suffering from malnutrition is measured at a hospital in the northern district of Abs, in Yemen's Hajjah province on August 18, 2018. (Photo by ESSA AHMED / AFP) (Photo credit should read ESSA AHMED/AFP/Getty Images) AFP/Getty Images

Volker Turk of the UNHCR said: “Exposed to daily violence, many live under constant fear and suffer in deteriorating conditions, turning in desperation to harmful coping mechanisms in order to survive.”

He called on the Saudi-led coalition and Houthi rebels “to do their utmost to protect civilians and civilian infrastructure in accordance with international humanitarian law”.

He added: “Only a peaceful resolution of the conflict will halt further suffering and stem humanitarian needs.”

Yemen: The decades-long struggle ahead to clear the country of landmines

The war in Yemen began in 2014 and pitted rebels who took control of the capital against a Saudi-led coalition supporting the internationally recognised government.