RosettaGit - Solutions to tasks in more than 700 programming languages 2019-11-28 — 1144 Words — 6 min

TLDR: rosettagit.org is a website which presents solutions to the same task in as many different programming languages as possible. It demonstrates how languages are similar and different and can help you learn new approaches to solving problems. It started out as a fork of rosettacode.org and tries to improve on it in many ways.

Reasons for the Fork

Since Rosetta Code caters mainly for programmers, standard code development tooling can be safely used. This wouldn't be possible for Wikipedia, as a lot of less technical savvy people are collaborating on the platform.

Using the developer's default git-on-GitHub and merge request based workflow offers a lot of advantages:

Better diffs

Content can be edited with code editor of choice (e.g. Vim, Emacs, …)

Better collaboration via Issues Merge requests Kanban boards

Better overview of change history

Faster loading times as the website is completely static

Continuous integration and continuous delivery via GitHub Actions or Travis CI guarantees code quality and hassle free deployments of the website Linting Unit tests

Less overhead as the project consists of just a repo

Site generation only depends on the static site generator Zola

(Which is by the way the best static site generator I have used so far. Really great stuff!)

Better design since it's not constrained by MediaWiki's features

Log of Building the Website

In the following section I'm going to lead you through the build process of the website.

First of all I had to download the existing Rosetta Code website. Luckily, some fine people have already built a tool to export wikis. You can find it at github.com/WikiTeam/wikiteam. They use it to archive wikis for future generations -- which is a very laudable endeavor -- so drop by and show them some love!

Overall the website was 11 GB with around 13 000 pages. Interesting about this was, how my macOS UI became basically unusable. I had to do even the most trivial file operations via the command line 😒.

Since the WikiTeam software dropped me a 11 GB XML file (🤮) I had to split it up to the individual pages first. xml-to-json-fast (Yay, Haskell 😁) worked quite well, but jq unfortunately encountered some Unicode problems, which I couldn't figure out how to fix:

parse error: Invalid string: control characters from U+0000 through U+001F must be escaped at line 3424, column 82

And jl was too slow and not streaming capable.

This meant I had to fall back to some more arcane battle hardened tools: E.g. our trusty csplit 🎉:

csplit -n 5 -k rosettacode_dump.xml '/<page>/' '{999999999}'

It needs the -n 5 flag for numbering, as 13 000 has 5 digits, and the -k flag to not remove files if an error occurs. The 9s specifies how many times the pattern should be repeated at the maximum.

Since the XML was pretty uniformly structured, this butchery didn't lead to too many problems. I only had to fix 2 things:

Clean up the first and the last file

Normalize the revision field, since it might either be an array or an object

Then I converted everything to JSON:

ls | while read file ; xml-to-json $file | jq > $file.json ; end

Next I had to extract the page content from the JSON files and convert it from MediaWiki syntax to GitHub flavored markdown.

For all the JSON manipulation I used of course jq. For converting the MediaWiki content, I tried to use pandoc --from mediawiki --to gfm , but incorrect handling of multiline code blocks put a spoke in my wheel. So in the end, I decided it would be easier to convert the most important parts with some command line magic and fix the rest in the future.

To get all the jq commands right I used the awesome jqplay.org website.

And without any further ado I present you my blob of jq and sed regex magic:

echo * .json \ | tr ' ' '

' \ | while read file ; echo Creating (jq -r '.page.title' $file) … cat $file \ | jq -r ' "+++\

" + "title = \\"" + .page.title + "\\"\

" + "description = \\"\\"\

" + "date = " + .page.revision[-1].timestamp + "\

" + "aliases = []\

" + "[extra]

" + "id = " + .page.id + "\

" + "[taxonomies]

" + "categories = []\

" + "tags = []\

" + "+++\

\

" + .page.revision[-1].text.value' \ | gsed -E \ -e 's/<br>/

/g' \ -e 's/ / /g' \ -e 's/<lang ([a-zA-Z0-9 /-\+.#]+)>/

```\1

/g' \ -e 's/<pre>/

```txt

/g' \ -e 's/<\/(lang|pre)>/

```

/g' \ -e 's/==\{\{header\|([a-zA-Z0-9 /-\+.#]+)\}\}==/

## \1

/g' \ -e 's/===([a-zA-Z0-9 /-\+.#]+)===/

### \1

/g' \ > (jq -r '.page.title | ascii_downcase | sub("( |:|/|,|;|\\\\.|\\\\+|\\\\*)"; "_"; "g") | sub("(\\"|\\\\$|#|\' ) "; ""; " g ") | @uri' \ $file).md; \ end

It worked quite well, although It was by far perfect. There just comes a point where you have to accept that it will be faster to fix all remaining errors by hand, instead of trying to make the script perfect.

Among the resulting errors were:

Destroyed a few places where <pre> and similar was part of the actual code.

and similar was part of the actual code. One file crashed Zola with a stack overflow due to an invalid formatting: github.com/getzola/zola/issues/827

The things I still had to do afterwards were:

Delete all empty files and fix some escape errors like unescaped " .

. Delete all redirects

Remove user and user talk pages

Remove reports of unimplemented tasks

Move all file meta information to corresponding files

Delete irrelevant files with ranger by sorting them by size and stepping through them

Convert snippets with pandoc --from mediawiki --to gfm <path-to-file> | pbcopy from MediaWiki to GitHub Flavored Markdown

One big mistake I made during the whole edit-compile-view loop is that I set the build_search_index = true in Zola's config, although I didn't use the index. As building the search index is one of the most computational intensive tasks of Zola, I wasted a lot of time glaring at the compilation loading spinner 🤦‍♂️. When the search index was included in the build, the whole website took around 60 s and without it just about 15 s. However, rebuilding the whole website was only necessary when e.g. the base template changed. Otherwise incremental compilation kicked in. So it wasn't to bad …

As you can probably imagine there is still quite some work left to be done. I hope you'll join me expanding this valuable resource! Check out the open issues or help enabling one of the many drafts.

I'm looking forward to your feedback and contributions! 😁

If you have any comments, thoughts, or other feedback feel free to tweet me @AdrianSieber. Thanks for your help! 😊