“That was part of the education,” Petr Cech says when asked about visiting Theresienstadt during his youth in the Czech Republic. “They try to use it every single day to educate the young generation. Last year I was doing this for Czech television and the guest who was with me was a lady who was a Holocaust survivor thanks to the Nicholas Winton trains. There were six trains coming from Czechoslovakia going to London. She was the last child on that last train.”

The significance is not lost on the former Chelsea goalkeeper. We are sitting in a quiet corner in London’s Imperial War Museum, where a new Holocaust gallery is set to open in 2021 thanks to funding from the Chelsea owner, Roman Abramovich, and Cech is speaking passionately about football’s social responsibility.

It has been a long evening promoting Chelsea’s award-winning #saynotoantisemitism campaign. The event has featured an interview with Zigi Shipper, an 89-year-old Holocaust survivor, and it is heartening to find Cech engaging with the issue. On stage he bemoans the racist incidents which have blighted football over the past year and the emotion bubbles up when he talks about visiting a Nazi concentration camp.

“Imagine you are eight years old and you go on the train and your parents say: ‘OK, we will see you in Britain’ and they know they might not,” he says. “But every time you hear a new story from a survivor it has the biggest impact. This is the best part of this campaign, a sustainable legacy thanks to the new gallery here. This is the best part of keeping education going.

“Players become role models for kids. No matter if it is a good role model or a bad one. Sometimes as a parent you say: ‘Please, don’t have this guy as a role model.’ But kids choose. So it’s on each club to educate the player to use this power in a completely different way.”

Cech began a new chapter when the curtain came down on his playing career after Arsenal’s defeat to Chelsea in the Europa League final last season. There has been no rest in retirement. Cech spent 11 successful years at Chelsea before joining Arsenal in 2015 and he returned to Stamford Bridge as the club’s technical and performance adviser in the summer.

For 20 years you work all week for the game. But now I don’t have any participation. It’s a very strange feeling

The role has him working under Marina Granovskaia, Chelsea’s chief transfer negotiator, and he has settled well despite the challenge of adjusting to life away from the pitch. “The match days are the hardest,” Cech says. “For 20 years you work all week for the game. In my role you work the whole week for the game. But then I don’t have any participation in that game. It’s a very strange feeling.

“I used to be in the middle of it all and now I work towards the game, making sure everything works, and then the responsibility is to the manager and his staff, not me. I can only sit and support. As a player I hated the games I had to watch from the stands because I had no impact. This is the feeling I have to overcome. I am getting better. The more games you go to, the more you get used to the fact the match days are not about you. At the start it was a struggle. You want to be in there. But it was not for me any more.”

Cech is the best goalkeeper in Chelsea’s history, a hero of their Champions League win in 2012. That year he excelled in the semi-final victory over Barcelona and in the final against Bayern Munich. The German side surely would have won had Cech not saved Arjen Robben’s penalty in extra time.

Yet Cech was often efficient rather than spectacular and his interest in strategy might be why a technical role appeals. “As a goalkeeper you see everything,” he says. “The biggest part of my game was I could organise people to make my job much easier. You pay attention to why things are organised a certain way. You talk to people at the club. I was always a representative of the team talking to the board. I was always interested in how the club worked.

Cech and Frank Lampard, Chelsea teammates in their playing days, both returned to Stamford Bridge in the summer. Photograph: Darren Walsh/Chelsea FC via Getty Images

“I am getting my own ideas about what could work better. Generally when you work with a lot of different people at this level it is run by departments. But there are a lot. The best part for me is connecting the departments. This is my biggest target, to make sure everything is connected and works one way.

“The first team is the most important. But then we have the scouting, recruitment, the development squad, players who are on loan. All this works together. It will give the first team a much better platform and [let] the manager have an easier job and concentrate only on the pitch. This is something we have been trying to create. So far this season we have been working well.”

You have to adapt – Arsenal was Arsène Wenger for 22 years. Chelsea had 22 managers in 22 years

Chelsea were tipped to struggle this season. Their transfer embargo left them unable to spend after selling Eden Hazard to Real Madrid and many wondered if a manager as inexperienced as Frank Lampard was the right person to replace Maurizio Sarri. Yet Cech’s old teammate has made an impressive start. Lampard has given opportunities to the club’s academy products and his side are third in the Premier League before visiting Manchester City on Saturday evening.

“The manager with his coaching staff has done a remarkable job,” Cech says. “They managed to integrate players in the team. The senior players were a huge help for the young players. They help them become better and keep them grounded. And the biggest part is the coaching staff and the manager because he sets the tone on the training ground. He takes the biggest credit.”

Cech smiles about discipline under Lampard, who fines players £20,000 if they are late for training. “Some people find it surprising but we have always had huge fines at Chelsea,” he says. “The commitment to work is really important. To respect the rules is something where you need no talent. You can have zero talent, but you can be on time. It is about commitment. This is not to scare people. It is just to remind them that if you can control your discipline the better it will be for everybody.”

Cech does not remember Lampard ever being late for training and standards remain high, even if Chelsea’s spending power is eclipsed by City’s these days. Lampard has to win trophies, even if he is a club legend. At the same time, however, this feels like a different Chelsea. There is a sense that the impatience of old has been replaced by a more long-term approach.

Chelsea’s Petr Cech saves Arjen Robben’s penalty during extra-time in the 2012 Champions League final. Cech also saved two spot-kicks in the penalty shoot-out, which Chelsea won 4-3 to give them the trophy. Photograph: Chris Brunskill Ltd/Corbis via Getty Images

“You have to adapt,” he says. “Arsenal was Arsène Wenger for 22 years. Chelsea had 22 managers in 22 years.” Cech laughs; the serious point is on the way. “I always worked for one thing: play the best game, train the best way, be the best possible version of yourself. This is how you stay when a new manager comes. When you make sure your job is the top, you can influence others. This kind of thing I can bring with me. I can influence others and hopefully everything will come together and the first team will benefit. Hopefully the whole club will benefit.”

Chelsea’s appeal against their two-window transfer ban was heard by the court of arbitration for sport on Wednesday and it will be fascinating to see what they do if they are able to make signings in January. Yet there is a realisation that sustainability is the way forward. Money means nothing if the people spending it have no vision and Chelsea have focused on building a structure around Lampard.

Cech is not the only retired player at the club: Carlo Cudicini looks after the loan players and Claude Makelele mentors youngsters. Joe Cole and Ashley Cole are also coaching in the academy. The impression is that Chelsea made a wise move bringing Cech home.

“It is a different life,” he says. “As a player you have a responsibility for yourself. For being part of the team. You are responsible for the club’s image. But now the responsibility is to work with a big group of people, to make sure they connect. The power of the team is in the unit. If everybody works for one common goal, this is how you win.”

Petr Cech was speaking at a Chelsea Foundation event at the Imperial War Museum London, in support of the club’s wide-ranging Say No To Antisemitism campaign which raises awareness and educates players, staff, fans and the wider community about antisemitism in football