Russia thrilled to get Saint Nicholas relics from Italy By Chloe Arnold

BBC Russian Service, Moscow Published duration 20 May 2017

image copyright Getty Images image caption Moving the relics from this church symbolises the thaw between Orthodox and Catholic Christians

For the first time in nearly 1,000 years bone fragments of Saint Nicholas are being moved from their Italian resting place, to go on loan to Russia.

The 4th-Century saint is one of the most revered figures in the Russian Orthodox Church. After his death, Italian merchants brought his body from Myra, in modern-day Turkey, to Italy.

Some fragments of his ribs are kept in Bari, southern Italy. They are being flown on a chartered plane to Moscow on Sunday.

"This is an unprecedented event," said Alexander Volkov, a representative of the Moscow Patriarchate. "These relics have never before left Italy."

image copyright Getty Images image caption Over the centuries St Nicholas became known as Santa Claus or Father Christmas

The relics - on loan to Russia until late July - will be moved from Bari's Basilica of St Nicholas to the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow. There they will be blessed by the head of the Russian Orthodox Church, Patriarch Kirill, in a ceremony on Sunday evening.

Thousands of Orthodox believers are expected to visit the relics. They will also be taken to the Alexander Nevsky Monastery in St Petersburg.

Such relics have an important role in the Orthodox faith. In 2011, part of what was believed to be the Virgin Mary's belt went on display in Moscow. Churchgoers were content to queue for up to 24 hours - and the line snaked back for several miles next to the Moskva River.

image copyright Getty Images image caption There were crowds in 2011 when a Christian relic was brought to Moscow from Greece

image copyright AFP image caption Cuba, Feb 2016: The meeting of Pope Francis (L) and Patriarch Kirill was a landmark in Church history

Permission to lend the bones of St Nicholas to Russia came at a historic meeting between Pope Francis and Patriarch Kirill, in Cuba in 2016.

It was the first such meeting since their two branches of Christianity split nearly 1,000 years ago.

The Moscow Patriarchate says Russian jewellers have created a special "ark" to transport the bone fragments to Moscow. They have lain undisturbed in Bari since 1087.

It is not yet known whether Russian President Vladimir Putin, a keen churchgoer, will attend the ceremony. In 2011 he met the plane carrying the belt of the Virgin Mary when it touched down in St Petersburg.

image copyright AFP image caption In 2007 Russian President Vladimir Putin paid homage to the saint in Bari

Moscow authorities expect Russians from all over the country to visit the relics, and say they will provide water to those standing in the queue.

Churches across Moscow will ring their bells at 18:00 (15:00 GMT) on Sunday to mark the relics' arrival.

From 22 May to 12 July the relics will be on show at Moscow's Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. The relics will be in St Petersburg in the period 13-28 July.

Who is St Nicholas?

A favourite saint among Russians - thousands of Russian churches are named after him

Patron saint of sailors, merchants, archers, repentant thieves, children, brewers, pawnbrokers and students

His habit of bestowing gifts, often in secret, led to him being immortalised as Santa Claus or Father Christmas

Preached in Asia Minor (now Turkey) and was originally buried in Myra

In 11th Century rival merchants from Venice and Bari raided his grave and took the bones back to Italy

Some of his remains were also buried in Venice, where they are kept to this day.

image copyright Screenshot image caption St Nicholas is also revered by Catholics in Bari - as in this procession