Assisi M, Botte V, D’Aniello A, Di Fiore MM (2001) Enhancement of aromatase activity by d-aspartic acid in the ovary of lizard Podarcis sicula. Reproduction 121:803–808

Boni R, Santillo R, Macchia G, Spinelli P, Ferrandino G, D’Aniello A (2006) d-Aspartate and reproductive activity in sheep. Theriogenology 65:1265–1278

Brown E, Piscopo S, Chun JT, Francone M, Mirabile I, D’Aniello A (2006) Modulation of an AMPA-like glutamate receptor (SqGluR) gating by l- and d-aspartic acid. Amino acids 32:53–57

D’Aniello A (2007) d-Aspartic acid, an endogenous amino acid with an important neuroendocrine role. Brain Res Rev 53:215–234

D’Aniello S, Garcia-Fernàndez J (2007) d-Aspartic acid and l-amino acids in the neural system of the amphioxus Branchiostoma lanceolatum. Amino Acids 32:21–26

D’Aniello A, Giuditta A (1977) Identification of d-aspartic acid in the brain of Octopus vulgaris. J Neurochem 29:1053–1057

D’Aniello A, D’Onofrio G, Pischetola M, D’Aniello G, Vetere A, Petrucelli L, Fisher GH (1993) Biological role of d-amino acid oxidase and d-aspartate oxidase. Effects of d-amino acids. J Biol Chem 268:26941–26949

D’Aniello A, Di Cosmo A, Di Cristo C, Assisi L, Botte V, Di Fiore MM (1996a) Occurrence of sex steroid hormones and their binding proteins in Octopus vulgaris Lam. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 227:782–788

D’Aniello A, Di Cosmo A, Di Cristo C, Annunziato L, Petrucelli L, Fisher GH (1996b) Involvement of d-aspartic acid in the synthesis of testosterone in rat testes. Life Sci 59:97–104

D’Aniello A, Di Fiore MM, D’Aniello G, Colin FE, Lewis G, Setchell BP (1998a) Secretion of d-aspartic acid by the rat testis and its role in endocrinology of the testis and spermatogenesis. FEBS Lett 436:23–27

D’Aniello A, Lee JM, Petrucelli L, Di Fiore MM (1998b) Regional decreases of free d-aspartate levels in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurosci Lett 250:131–134

D’Aniello A, Di Fiore MM, Fisher GH, Milone A, Seleni A, D’Aniello S, Perna A, Ingrosso D (2000) Occurrence of d-aspartic acid and N-methyl-d-aspartic acid in rat neuroendocrine tissues and their role in the modulation of luteinizing hormone and growth hormone release. FASEB J 14:699–714

D’Aniello G, Tolino A, D’Aniello A, Fisher GH, Di Fiore MM (2000) The role of the aspartic acid and N-methyl-d-aspartic acid in the regulation of prolactin release. Endocrinology 14:3862–3870

D’Aniello A, Spinelli P, De Simone A, D’Aniello S, Branno M, Aniello F, Fisher G, Di Fiore MM, Rastogi RK (2003) Occurrence and neuroendocrine role of d-aspartic acid and N-methyl-d-aspartic acid in Ciona intestinalis. FEBS Lett 552:193–198

D’Aniello G, Ronsini S, Guida F, Spinelli P, D’Aniello A (2005) Occurrence of d-aspartic acid in human seminal plasma and spermatozoa: possible role in reproduction. Fertil Steril 84:1444–1449

D’Aniello S, Spinelli P, Ferrandino G, Peterson K, Tsesarskia M, Fisher GH, D’Aniello A (2005) Cephalopod vision involves dicarboxylic amino acids: d-aspartate, l-aspartate and l-glutamate. Biochem J 386:331–340

D’Aniello G, Grieco N, Di Filippo MA, Cappiello F, Topo E, D’Aniello E, Ronsini S (2007) Reproductive implication of d-aspartic acid in human pre-ovulatory follicular fluid. Hum Reprod 22:3178–3183

Dale N, Kandel ER (1993) l-glutamate may be the fast excitatory transmitter of Aplysia sensory neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:7163–7167

Davies LP, Johnston GA (1976) Uptake and release of d-and l-aspartate by rat brain slices. J Neurochem 26:1007–1014

Di Fiore MM, Assisi L, Botte V, D’Aniello A (1998) d-Aspartic acid is implicated in the control of testosterone production by the vertebrate gonad. Studies on the female green frog Rana esculenta. J Endocrinol 156:199–207

Dunlop DS, Neidle A, McHale D, Dunlop DM, Lajtha A (1986) The presence of free d-aspartic acid in rodents and man. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 142:27–32

Errico F, Pirro MT, Affuso A, Spinelli P, De Felice M, D’Aniello A, Di Lauro R (2006) A physiological mechanism to regulate d-aspartic acid and NMDA levels in mammals revealed by d-aspartate oxidase deficient mice. Gene 374:50–57

Errico F, Nisticò R, Palma G, Federici M, Affuso A, Brilli E, Topo E, Centonze D, Bernardi G, Bozzi Y, D’Aniello A, Di Lauro R, Mercuri NB, Usiello A (2008a) Increased levels of d-aspartate in the hippocampus enhance LTP but do not facilitate cognitive flexibility. Mol Cell Neurosci 37:236–246

Errico F, Rossi S, Catuogno V, Topo E, Fisone G, D’Aniello A, Centonze D, Usiello A (2008b) d-Aspartate prevents corticostriatal LTP and attenuates induced by amphetamine and MK 801. J Neurosci 28:10404–10414

Fisher GH, D’Aniello A, Vetere A, Padula L, Cusano G, Man EH (1991) Free d-aspartate and d-alanine in normal and Alzheimer brain. Brain Res Bull 26:983–985

Fisher GH, Petrucelli L, Gardner C, Emory C, Frey WH II, Amaducci L, Sorbi S, Sorrentino G, Borghi M, D’Aniello A (1994) Free d-amino acids in human cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer’s, multiple sclerosis, and healthy control subjects. Mol Chem Neuropathol 23:115–124

Fisher G, Lorenzo N, Abe H, Fujita E, Frey WH, Emory C, Di Fiore MM, D’Aniello A (1998) Free d- and l-amino acids in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid from Alzheimer and normal subjects. Amino Acids 15:263–269

Hashimoto A, Nishikawa T, Oka T, Hayashi T, Takahashi K (1993a) Widespread distribution of free d-aspartate in rat periphery. FEBS Lett 331:4–8

Hashimoto A, Kumashiro S, Nishikawa T, Oka T, Takahashi K, Mito T, Takashima S, Doi N, Mizutani Y, Kaneco T, Ootomo E (1993b) Embryonic development and postnatal changes in free d-aspartate and d-serine in the human prefrontal cortex. J Neurochem 61:348–351

Hashimoto A, Oka T, Nishikawa T (1995) Anatomical distribution and postnatal changes in endogenous free d-aspartate and d-serine in rat brain and periphery. Eur J Neurosci 7:1657–1663

Holopainen I, Kontro P (1990) d-Aspartate release from cerebellum astrocytes: modulation of the high K-induced release by neurotransmitter amino acids. Neuroscience 36:115–120

Imai K, Fukushima T, Hagiwara K, Santa T (1995) Occurrence of d-aspartic acid in rat brain pineal gland. Biomed Chromatogr 9:106–109

Ishida AT, Gordon G (1981) d-Aspartate potentiates the effects of l-glutamate on horizontal cells in goldfish retina. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78:5890–5894

Kanai Y, Hediger MA (1992) Primary structure and functional characterization of a high-affinity glutamate transporter. Nature 360:467–471

Lee JA, Long Z, Nimura N, Iwatsubo T, Imai K, Hiroshi H (1997) Localization, transport, and uptake of d-aspartate in the rat adrenal and pituitary glands. Arch Biochem Biophys 385:242–249

Malthe-Sǿrenssen D, Skrede KK, Fonnum F (1979) Calcium-dependent release of D-[3H]aspartate evoked by selective electrical stimulation of excitatory afferent fibers to hippocampal pyramidal cells in vitro. Neuroscience 4:1255–1263

Monteforte R, Santillo A, Di Giovanni M, D’Aniello A, Di Maro A, Chieffi Baccari G (2008). Aspartate affects secretory activity in rat Harderian gland: molecular mechanism and functional significance. Amino Acids (in press)

Morris R (1984) Developments of a water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat. J Neurosci Methods 11:47–60

Muzzolini A, Bregola G, Bianchi C, Beani L, Simonato M (1997) Characterization of glutamate and [3H]D-aspartate outflow from various in vitro preparation of the rat hippocampus. Neurochem Int 31:113–124

Nagata Y, Homma H, Lee JA, Imai K (1999) d-Aspartate stimulation of testosterone synthesis in rat Leydig cells. FEBS Lett 444:160–164

Nakatsuka S, Hayashi M, Muroyama A, Otsuka M, Kozaki S, Yamada H, Moriyama Y (2001) d-Aspartate is stored in secretory granules and released through a Ca2+-dependent pathway in a subset of rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. J Biol Chem 276:26589–26596

Neidle A, Dunlop DS (1990) Developmental changes of free d-aspartic acid in the chicken embryo and in the neonatal rat. Life Sci 46:1517–1522

Raiteri L, Zappettini S, Milanese M, Fedele E, Raiteri M, Bonanno G (2007) Mechanisms of glutamate release elicited in rat cerebrocortical nerve endings by ‘pathologically’ elevated extraterminal K+ concentrations. J Neurochem 103:952–961

Savage DD, Galindo R, Queen SA, Paxton LL, Allan AM (2001) Characterization of electrically evoked [3H]-d-aspartate release from hippocampal slice. Neurochem Int 38:255–267

Schell MJ, Cooper OB, Snyder SH (1997) d-Aspartate localizations imply neuronal and neuroendocrine roles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:2013–2018

Simonato M, Brecola G, Muzzolini A, Bianchi C, Beani L (1993) Characterization of H(+)-evoked [3H]-d-aspartate outflow in the rat hippocampus in vitro. Neurochem Int 23:555–560

Spinelli P, Brown E, Ferrandino G, Branno M, Montarolo PG, D’Aniello E, Rastogi RK, D’Aniello B, Baccari G, Fisher G, D’Aniello A (2006) d-Aspartic acid in the nervous system of Aplysia limacine: possible role in neurotransmission. J Cell Physiol 206:672–681

Takemitsu F, Homma H (2005) Free d-aspartate in mammals. Biol Pharm Bull 28:1566–1570

Wang H, Wolosker H, Morris JF, Snyder SH, Selkoe DJ (2002) Naturally occurrence free d-aspartate is a nuclear component of cells in the mammalian hypothalamus–neurohypophyseal system. Neuroscience 109:1–4