The Morrison government is being accused of ignoring bipartisan recommendations and breaching commitments to reform the spy agency’s powers as it prepares a fresh push on national security when parliament resumes on Monday.

Labor and Centre Alliance fear the government is set to ignore advice to improve scrutiny of proposed new powers for the home affairs minister, Peter Dutton, to exclude citizens from Australia and to phase out Asio’s detention powers.

By pushing ahead on two key bills without fully implementing recommendations of the parliamentary joint committee on intelligence and security, the government has set a test for Labor: to capitulate, despite having reached agreement on improvements with Coalition MPs, or stand up to Dutton at the risk of being accused of harming national security.

When parliament returns on Monday, the lower house will debate new laws to punish trespass on agricultural land, the repeal of legislation facilitating medical evacuations from offshore detention, an extension of Asio’s powers to detain and question people without charge and creation of a power for Dutton to block Australians from re-entering Australia on security grounds.

Labor and Centre Alliance support the intent of the temporary exclusion order bill but believe the Coalition has failed to fully implement 11 of 18 recommendations of the PJCIS to include safeguards in the bill.

The government has rejected a call from the committee – which is chaired by its own MP Andrew Hastie – that a judge, retired judge or a senior member of the administrative appeals tribunal should issue an exclusion order, not the minister.

Instead, the government has proposed a right of review of the home affair’s minister’s decision to bar an Australian from returning for up to two years – but the decision can only be overturned if it is “legally flawed”.

That would leave the discretion in Dutton’s hands to decide if “reasonable grounds” exist to conclude allowing an Australian to return to Australia would assist a terrorist organisation.

In the Asio bill, the government has proposed extending the spy agency’s power to detain people for up to seven days and question them for up to 24 hours. The powers are due to expire in September 2019 and the bill proposes a further 12-month extension.

In May 2018 the PJCIS recommended that Asio keep its powers of compulsory questioning but lose powers of compulsory detention after two independent national security legislation monitors in 2012 and 2016 concluded they were “not necessary to prevent or disrupt a terrorist act”.

Senator Rex Patrick told Guardian Australia that Centre Alliance wants the government to tender advice that the exclusion order bill is constitutional and improve the oversight regime for issuing and reviewing exclusion orders.

“It’s quite a severe thing to prevent an Australian returning to Australia,” he said.

Patrick suggested there was a “workable solution” if the government adopted the PJCIS recommendations.

Labor’s position is also to support the bill if the recommendations are adopted, but the issue will be further considered at shadow cabinet before parliament resumes.

On the Asio bill, Patrick said the government has had “plenty of time” to implement recommendations to repeal or replace the detention powers. He said Centre Alliance would “signal … discomfort” but stopped short of committing to block the extension.

“We wouldn’t support this sort of extension being moved again,” Patrick said, suggesting Centre Alliance could support the initial 12-month extension but then draw the line at a further extension before September 2020, when he and Stirling Griff will still be in the parliament.

The Law Council president, Arthur Moses, said Asio’s questioning and detention powers are “some of the most far-reaching and extraordinary powers granted to any intelligence organisation in the world”, allowing it to “secretly and immediately detain persons whether or not they are terrorist suspects”.

“Questioning and detention warrants are excessive, unnecessary, and have not been used once in their 13-year history,” he said. “These powers should not be extended for another 12 months without clear justification.”

Introducing the Asio bill on 4 July, Dutton told the lower house it would ensure Asio “retains its strong counterterrorism capabilities while the government progresses more detailed reforms to [its] questioning and detention powers”.

The explanatory memorandum for the exclusion order bill suggests it is necessary to ensure that if Australians return from overseas conflict zones authorities have forewarning and can set conditions on their return.

“The bill does not permanently prohibit entry into Australia, and a person is entitled to be issued a return permit if they apply,” it said.

The government’s decision to press on with both bills marks a further decline in bipartisanship on national security since February when Labor says it was forced to issue a minority report against the “likely unconstitutional” extension of Dutton’s ability to strip terrorists of Australian citizenship.