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Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is often mistakenly identified as a tree because of its considerable height. At up to 20 or even 30 feet, the papaya is actually a very large, fast-growing herb. Grown in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 9b through 11, papayas often reach a maximum height of only 15 feet before dying. Only the tallest papayas reach heights of around 30 feet. The size of your papaya will be influenced by the quality of care it receives and the environment where it is grown.

Papaya Size Papayas grow very fast. The central stem of the papaya may grow 6 to 10 feet in the first year alone. At 12 to 16 feet in diameter, this central stem is deceptively trunk-like, which may be why many refer to the papaya as a tree. In reality, papayas are short-lived perennials. The upper part of the plant may reach diameters of 12 feet or more.

Growing Conditions Papayas prefer full sunlight, high temperatures and well-draining soil. The best papaya root growth takes place when soil temperatures are above 60 degrees Fahrenheit. Papayas grown in partial shade, in drought-prone areas and in unsheltered, windy locations will be somewhat stunted in growth. If you are a coastal gardener who frequently experiences overcast conditions and moderate to cool temperatures, you may find your papaya is smaller than papayas grown in inland areas. If you frequently experience windy conditions, take care to plant your papaya in a location sheltered by a wind break or wall. Strong winds are known to topple papayas.

Regular Care Your papaya will need regular watering for best growth. Measure the moisture content of your soil frequently, and do not allow the soil to become dry. This is particularly important if you are an inland gardener who experiences long periods of dry, high heat during the summer. Knowing your soil type will help you keep your papaya sufficiently watered. Papayas will grow in sandy soils, but rapid drainage will mean that your papaya may need watering every other day at the height of the growing season. Conversely, clayey soils will retain water. At the height of the growing season when temperatures are warmest, heavy soils will need watering every three to four days. Spread a layer of mulch 2 to 6 inches thick around the base of your papaya to keep moisture in the soil and reduce competition from weeds.

Fertilization Regular fertilization will increase your papaya's rate of growth. Young papayas should be fertilized every two weeks with 1/4 pound of 10-10-10 fertilizer. Broadcast the fertilizer around the base of the plant, keeping the fertilizer several inches from the stem, then water deeply. When your papaya is 8 months old, increase the amount you apply to 1.5 pounds, and apply fertilizer every other month.

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