DistroWatch Weekly, Issue 721, 17 July 2017

Feature Story (by Joshua Allen Holm)

Fedora 26 The twenty-sixth release of Fedora is stable, polished, but kind of boring. The changes from Fedora 25 can be summarized as "newer versions of various packages." Fedora Workstation now comes with GNOME 3.24, which adds a built-in Night Light function that changes the color of the display at night, and LibreOffice 5.3, which can use the new Notebookbar interface if experimental features are enabled. There are also minor, incremental improvements to the Anaconda installer, DNF package manager, and sundry other packages.



The really interesting changes come in the form of a new spin, a variant featuring a different desktop environment that uses the LXQt desktop and a new Lab variant that focuses on Python programming. These two new editions are far more interesting than the changes to Fedora Workstation so, after I take a look at Fedora Workstation's new features, I will explore each of these new Fedora flavours before sharing my final thoughts on Fedora 26 as a whole.



Fedora Workstation



Packing a decent selection of software into a 1.6GB ISO, Fedora Workstation provides a near-complete desktop experience out of the box. Sure, developers and other people with more advanced needs will need to install additional software, but for basic use, Fedora comes with enough software pre-installed. Firefox for web browsing, Evolution for e-mail, LibreOffice for editing documents, plus the standard selection of GNOME applications, like Rhythmbox and Videos. The only thing lacking is some of the media codecs that have to be installed from RPM Fusion or some other source.





Fedora 26 -- The Workstation edition's GNOME desktop

(full image size: 928kB, resolution 1366x768 pixels)



Installing Fedora Workstation is a straightforward experience for anyone familiar with modern Red Hat-style distributions. Boot the live media, run the Anaconda installer, select a few options, and the operating system is installed on the computer's hard drive. Users already running Fedora can also use GNOME Software or the DNF package manager to upgrade to newer versions of Fedora.





Fedora 26 -- The Anaconda system installer

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There have been a few refinements to Anaconda since Fedora 25, but most are minor. The only exception is that the partitioning disks step now has an advanced option for power users. This new option uses Blivet GUI to provide a more feature-rich partitioning experience. I tried out this new advanced option when I installed Fedora 26 and found that it provided a superior partitioning experience, but only if you really need to tweak your options. I always change my partition sizes from Fedora's defaults, but the older manual partitioning option has always been more the enough for my purposes. Blivet GUI is not something I see myself using very frequently, but it will be a very welcome addition for users that really need advanced partitioning tools.



Overall, Fedora Workstation is a well put together desktop experience, but like I noted in my introduction, it is kind of boring. It looks like all the big changes to Fedora are slated for future releases. Users of Fedora 25 should consider upgrading as soon as possible to take advantage of new features like Night Light, and users shopping for a new distribution should definitely give Fedora Workstation a try.



Fedora's LXQt spin



I will admit that Fedora Workstation with its GNOME desktop is my normal setup. I use it daily and like it, but I was interested in checking out the new LXQt spin. While I do have some issues with it, which I cover below, I found the LXQt spin to be a nice change of pace. It is still Fedora under the hood, so it is not a radical departure, but it was different enough from the standard Workstation/GNOME experience to be interesting. The layout of the LXQt desktop is more traditional, with the taskbar at the bottom of the screen in a layout similar to Windows and KDE. LXQt is lightweight but still looks modern.



The LXQt spin's 1.0GB ISO is smaller than the Workstation ISO, but that is not just because the LXQt desktop is a more lightweight desktop. Unfortunately, the ISO is smaller because the live image does not come with much software. There is a web browser (QupZilla), the Qtransmission bittorrent client, Quassel IRC program, and a various system utilities but not much else. No graphical e-mail client. No office suite. The lack of an e-mail client in the age of webmail I can understand, but no office software makes for a sub-optimal live desktop experience. Including either LibreOffice or the Calligra office suite would provide a much better out of box experience.





Fedora 26 -- The dnfdragora software manager

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While it would be nice to have more software included on the ISO, the LXQt spin can install any Fedora package. Unlike Fedora Workstation, which uses GNOME Software to install packages, the LXQt spin uses dnfdragora. This graphic package manager provides a pretty typical experience for users familiar with various graphic package managers. dnfdragora lets users install, uninstall, and update packages. Users can search though packages visually or by a keyword search. Pretty typical experience really, but nice and easy to use. The only frustration is that one has to use it just to get the LXQt spin into a usable state. A lot of software can fit into 600MB, so it would be nice to see future releases of the LXQt spin have ISOs closer in size to Workstation's ISO, just so the user experience is more complete right after installing.



Fedora Python Classroom



Out of all the new things available in Fedora 26, the new Python Classroom Lab variant is the most interesting. This specialized Fedora lab is focused entirely on Python development. It uses the GNOME desktop environment, but aside from a few utilities, most of the standard applications are removed. The only graphical software included is Calculator, Emacs, Files, Firefox, IDLE 3, Ninja-IDE, Settings, Software, Text Editor, and various basic utilities. If it is not Python related or does not support programming Python, it is not included.





Fedora 26 -- The Python Classroom applications

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The Python Classroom ISO is almost a large as Fedora Workstation's and all of the space saved by removing applications goes towards providing a Python programming environment. A lot more Python packages are included on this ISO, making it possible to do a wide variety of Python programming right from the live environment without having to install anything. While professional Python programmers will probably find things lacking for their own purposes, the Python Classroom lab provides plenty of packages for use in a learning environment. A handful of spare computers, Fedora Python Classroom on USB drives, and an introductory Python programming text are a great way to quickly and easily create a learning lab for teaching new programmers.





Fedora 26 -- The Ninja-IDE

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Ninja-IDE is the primary development tool provided and it is a reasonable choice. Sure, some developers might want their favorite IDE instead, but Ninja-IDE strikes a excellent balance between lightweight and providing tools to help developers create software. It is a well-rounded IDE that provides a good set of features without being too heavy like Eclipse with Python development tools installed could be, and it is more robust than any of the text editors with syntax highlighting options that are available. By using Ninja-IDE, the Python Classroom lab provides a development solution that should work well on even on slightly older hardware. Ninja-IDE is also cross-platform, so users who start learning Python through a Python Classroom experience can continue learning using the same IDE on their Windows or macOS computer, if they are not yet comfortable making the switch to Linux.



My only caveat with the Python Classroom lab is that Emacs has an icon in the application list, but Vim does not. I have no particular preference in the great Emacs vs Vi debate, but it would have been nice to include graphical versions of both applications, so that the icons for both appeared on the desktop instead of there being an icon for one and requiring opening a terminal to access the other.



Final thoughts



Fedora 26 is a great release of one of the major Linux distributions. Yes, the differences between Fedora 26's and Fedora 25's Workstation variants are minimal, but the few changes that are there are solid reasons to upgrade. For users interested in different desktop environments, Fedora's various spins provide a solid Fedora core experience with different desktop environments on top. The LXQt spin in particular is an interesting new addition to the Fedora family and is worth checking out. Though, the real star of this release is the Python Classroom Lab, which is a wonderful way to provide a Python programming environment for classrooms. Even when running off live media, it is very functional, making it a great way to temporarily turn a few general purpose computers into a lab for teaching programming without a lot of work.



If the worst thing I can say is that Fedora 26 is boring, I think the developers have done a great job. I really look forward to the next few releases of Fedora, which should be much more interesting, assuming planned developments actually make it into the releases. * * * * * Hardware used in this review



My physical test equipment for this review was a Lenovo Ideapad 100-15IBD laptop with the following specifications: Processor: 2.2GHz Intel Core i3-5020U CPU

Storage: Seagate 500GB 5400 RPM hard drive

Memory: 4GB of RAM

Networking: Realtek RTL8723BE 802.11n Wireless Network Adapter

Display: Intel HD Graphics 5500 * * * * * Visitor supplied rating



Fedora has a visitor supplied average rating of: 8.4/10 from 500 review(s).

Have you used Fedora? You can leave your own review of the project on our ratings page.





Miscellaneous News (by Jesse Smith)

New Fedora features, installing DragonFly BSD with Orca, Yunit packages backported to Ubuntu 16.04 The newly launched Fedora 26 introduced several package updates and minor improvements, but most of the eye catching changes were in Fedora's system installer. The installer, called Anaconda, has been updated with a number of improvements to disk partitioning and networking options. " Anaconda - the Fedora installer - has many new features and improvements implemented for Fedora 26. The most visible addition is the introduction of Blivet GUI, providing power users an alternate way to configure partitioning. Additionally, there are improvements to automated installation with kickstart, a range of networking improvements, better status reporting when your install is under way, and much more. " Fedora Magazine lists the new Anaconda features and provides screen shots of the new disk partitioning tool in action. * * * * * When people think of DragonFly BSD they tend to envision a high performance server operating system or a platform for using the advanced HAMMER file system. However, one person has discovered DragonFly BSD can be installed and utilized by visually impaired users. " I just thought I would post this here to see if there are any other users of DragonFly BSD that are totally blind. If there are, we could possibly connect and share experiences and tips. I use Orca which is a screen reader for the GUI to access my laptop and desktop in DragonFly. There are console screen readers available, however, I have not tried to get any of them working yet mostly because Orca can read GUI terminals like MATE-terminal Xfce4-terminal etc. " The user's mailing post describes the steps they used to get DragonFly BSD installed using the Orca screen reader. * * * * * Back in April Canonical announced that the company, which develops the Ubuntu operating system, would cease work on their Unity 8 desktop environment. Since then, open source developers have taken the Unity 8 desktop code and rebranded it Yunit. The Yunit project has since released packages for Debian and, this week, the developers announced they have backported Yunit to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS. This means that Ubuntu LTS users can enable a new repository and install Yunit, letting them experience the interface Canonical had previously planned to bring to the Desktop edition of Ubuntu. The new packages should work on Ubuntu, Ubuntu GNOME, Lubuntu and Xubuntu. There are some package conflicts which prevent the desktop from working on Kubuntu and Ubuntu MATE. Additional information on this release and Yunit's future can be found in the project's announcement. * * * * * These and other news stories can be found on our Headlines page.





Questions and Answers (by Jesse Smith)

Source based Linux distributions



Building-everything-from-source asks: Do you know where I can find a list of source-based distributions? I'm interested primarily in rolling release distros where everything is built from source for maximum flexibility.



DistroWatch answers: I am pleased to be able to tell you our Search page can help you find both rolling release distributions and source-based distributions, as well as projects which combine both features. If you are new to exploring source-based distributions, I recommend starting out with a project that offers source-based packages as an option while also providing the user with pre-built binary packages. This allows you to get up and running quickly while giving you the option to later build any packages you wish from scratch. For example, Gentoo is a popular source-based distribution and the Calculate Linux project is based on Gentoo. Calculate can build software from its source code, while also providing an easy installation process and the option of using pre-built packages.



I would also like to point out that most distributions, while not geared specifically toward building software from source code, do provide options which make it fairly easy to do so. As an example, any Debian-based distribution can download the source and dependencies for any packaged software so you can build and install it yourself. Other Linux distributions, and flavours of BSD, have similar options to make it easy to tweak and build your own software from its source. Most Linux distributions are not set up this way by default as compiling source code is not convenient, but most do provide the option. * * * * * More answers can be found in our Questions and Answers archive.





Released Last Week

Fedora 26



Matthew Miller has announced the launch of Fedora 26. The Fedora distribution is available in three editions: Workstation, Server and Atomic Host and can be run on a variety of hardware, including i686, x86_64 and ARM boards. Fedora 26 features a new partition manager in the Anaconda system installer along with many package updates: " First, of course, we have thousands of improvements from the various upstream software we integrate, including new development tools like GCC 7, Golang 1.8, and Python 3.6. We’ve added a new partitioning tool to Anaconda (the Fedora installer) - the existing workflow is great for non-experts, but this option will be appreciated by enthusiasts and sysadmins who like to build up their storage scheme from basic building blocks. F26 also has many under-the-hood improvements, like better caching of user and group info and better handling of debug information. And the DNF package manager is at a new major version (2.5), bringing many new features. " Additional information can be found in the release announcement and in the distribution's release notes.





Fedora 26 -- Running the GNOME desktop

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Parrot Security OS 3.7



The Parrot Security team have announced a new update to their Debian-based, security and penetration testing distribution. The new release, Parrot Security OS 3.7, introduces mostly small improvements and fresh package versions, compliments of Debian's Testing branch: " Of course the release of Debian 9 as the new Stable branch brought many important changes in Debian, but for those distributions based on Debian Testing, the main change was the introduction of many many updated packages that remained locked in the Unstable branch because of the pre-release testing freeze. We decided to not introduce significant changes on our side in this new release, and we just wanted to focus on making existing things better. The most evident change is the introduction of the ARC theme, while also the auto-updater received an important change to show the progress of system upgrades. The old Linux 4.9 kernel was replaced with the new 4.11 branch, and this introduced a better support for many devices. " Further details can be found in the project's release notes.



ExTiX 17.7



The ExTiX project has announced the release of a new version of the Ubuntu-based desktop distribution. The new version, ExTiX 17.7, ships with the Budgie desktop environment and features Refracta Tools for remastering the operating system. " I've made a new extra version of ExTiX with the Budgie Desktop. Budgie is focused on simplicity and elegance. Designed with the modern user in mind. Only a minimum of packages are installed in ExTiX Budgie. You can of course install all the packages you want, even while running ExTiX Budgie live. i.e. from a DVD or USB stick. All four ExTiX systems are based on Ubuntu and Debian. While running ExTiX Budgie 17.7 live or from hard drive you can use Refracta Tools (pre-installed) to create your own live installable Ubuntu system. " Additional details on ExTiX 17.7 can be found in the project's release announcement.



Mageia 6



Following several delays during the development cycle, the Mageia project has announced the release of Mageia 6. The new version includes the KDE Plasma 5 desktop environment, the DNF package manager is now available alongside urpmi and Mageia 6 includes live test media for the Xfce desktop environment: " The extra time that has gone into this release has allowed for many exciting additions, here are a few of the major additions and key features of Mageia 6: KDE Plasma 5 replaces the previous KDE SC 4 desktop environment. The new package manager DNF is provided as an alternative to urpmi, enabling a great packaging ecosystem: Support for AppStream and thus GNOME Software and Plasma Discover; support for Fedora COPR and openSUSE Build Service to provide third-party packages for Mageia 6 and later; dnfdragora, a new GUI tool for package management inspired from rpmdrake. Brand new icon theme for all Mageia tools, notably the Mageia Control Center. Successful integration of the ARM port (ARMv5 and ARMv7) in the build system, allowing to setup ARM chroots. Installation images are not available yet but will come in the future. GRUB2 as the default bootloader. New Xfce Live images to test Mageia with a lighter weight environment. " Additional information on Mageia 6 can be found in the project's release announcement and in the release notes.





Mageia 6 -- Running the Plasma desktop

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SolydXK 9



The SolydXK project has announced the availability SolydXK 9, which is based on packages from the recently released Debian 9. Apart from the new base, SolydXK has removed the Backports repository by default (though it can be re-enabled), added a tool to assist in encrypting partitions and introduced new desktop themes. " In the past three weeks we have been testing, improving, developing and exercising parts of our vocabulary that our mothers didn't even know we had but finally we are satisfied with the result. It is time to release the new SolydX and SolydK version 9. Changes: New themes for SolydX and SolydK. You can choose a light or dark theme. SolydXK Systems has a GUI now where you can encrypt partitions (and your USB flash drive), localize your system, select the fastest repositories, hold back packages and cleanup your system. The encryption part of this application is functioning but still in beta. Use at your own risk! The backport repository was removed by default but can be enabled in the new SolydXK System application. The solydx/k-info packages were integrated in the solydx/k-system-adjustments packages and are now obsolete. " More details on SolydXK 9 can be found in the project's release announcement. * * * * * Development, unannounced and minor bug-fix releases

Zevenet 4.0.5

Ultimate Edition 5.5.1

NAS4Free 11.1.0.4.4485

FreeBSD 11.1-RC3 (Announcement)

SparkyLinux 5.0

Redcore Linux 1706-r1

Torrent Corner

Upcoming Releases and Announcements

Opinion Poll

Installing source-based packages



Most open source operating systems provide binary software packages in repositories for their users to install. While this is a quick and easy way to install new software, some people prefer to compile their applications from source code. Several Linux distributions and the BSD projects make it easy to install new software from source code. Compiling from source can provide additional flexibility as to which features are included and, in some instances, may offer improved performance.



This week we would like to find our how many of our readers regularly install software from source packages (sometimes called ports). If you install some of your packages from source, please let us know why in the comments.



You can see the results of our previous poll on installing software on Debian Stable in last week's edition. All previous poll results can be found in our poll archives.



Installing source-based packages



I only install binary packages: 611 (42%) I install one or two source-based packages: 413 (29%) I install several source-based packages: 335 (23%) I install all software from source packages: 86 (6%)