President Donald Trump's confident assertion that the Taliban is ready and even eager for a cease-fire demanded by the United States in Afghanistan's 18-year-old war may be more wishful thinking than reality.

Declaring that the US-Taliban talks he abruptly cancelled in September are back in motion, Mr Trump said during a Thanksgiving Day visit to troops in Afghanistan that the Taliban “wants to make a deal. And we're meeting with them, and we're saying it has to be a cease-fire.”

“They didn't want to do a cease-fire, but now they do want to do a cease-fire,” Trump said of the militants. “It will probably work out that way ... We've made tremendous progress,” he added.

But on Friday neither the Taliban nor the government of Afghan president Ashraf Ghani indicated that a cease-fire was near, or even being discussed in resumed US negotiations.

At the time the US-Taliban talks ended, the two sides were preparing to sign a draft agreement that called for a reduction in violence. But it specifically declared that any discussion of a cease-fire was to be left to follow-on negotiations between the militants and the government in Kabul.

Trump makes surprise Thanksgiving visit to US troops in Afghanistan Show all 10 1 /10 Trump makes surprise Thanksgiving visit to US troops in Afghanistan Trump makes surprise Thanksgiving visit to US troops in Afghanistan Donald Trump laughs with US troops after serving them Thanksgiving dinner at Bagram airbase during a surprise visit to Afghanistan AFP via Getty Images Trump makes surprise Thanksgiving visit to US troops in Afghanistan It was the president's first visit to Afghanistan AFP via Getty Images Trump makes surprise Thanksgiving visit to US troops in Afghanistan As is traditional with senior politicians, he was happy to help serve the troops – his vice-president Mike Pence did the same for US forces in Iraq a few days earlier AFP via Getty Images Trump makes surprise Thanksgiving visit to US troops in Afghanistan Mr Trump gets stuck in. He told troops he had only been able to have a mouthful of mashed potatoes – and no turkey – before being dragged off to address them AFP via Getty Images Trump makes surprise Thanksgiving visit to US troops in Afghanistan The president applauds as his Afghan counterpart Ashraf Ghani addresses troops AFP via Getty Images Trump makes surprise Thanksgiving visit to US troops in Afghanistan Mr Trump said that he was willing to restart talks with the Taliban REUTERS Trump makes surprise Thanksgiving visit to US troops in Afghanistan He told US troops: "The Taliban wants to make a deal. And we are meeting with them and we say it has to be a ceasefire and they didn't want to do a ceasefire and now they want to do a ceasefire, I believe. It will probably work out that way." AFP via Getty Images Trump makes surprise Thanksgiving visit to US troops in Afghanistan Mr Trump was accompanied on his trip by his national security adviser, Robert O'Brien. While it was his first trip to Afghanistan since becoming president in January 2017, he has been to a warzone once before when he visited troops in Iraq AFP via Getty Images Trump makes surprise Thanksgiving visit to US troops in Afghanistan The president told troops that he had flown 8,331 miles to be there to tell them the US has never been stronger. He said: "There is nowhere I'd rather celebrate Thanksgiving." AFP via Getty Images Trump makes surprise Thanksgiving visit to US troops in Afghanistan Mr Ghani and Mr Trump holding talks at Bagram airbase. Tens of thousands of Afghan civilians and more than 2,400 American service members have been killed since America's longest war began 18 years ago AP

In a statement, the Taliban said that remains their understanding. “We are ready to talk, but we have the same stance to resume the talks from where it was suspended,” Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid told The Washington Post.

A spokesman for Mr Ghani, Sediq Seddiqi, said that Mr Trump's brief visit there was “important”, but that “we will have to see” if there has been any change in the status of peace talks.

“It is too early to comment on any changes or any perceived changes,” Mr Seddiqi said.

Even the administration voiced a lower expectation than Mr Trump. “As the president said, we are restarting talks with the Taliban. The focus will be on reducing violence,” said a senior administration official, who like others discussed the closed-door talks on the condition of anonymity. “If an agreement can be reached, the two sides could potentially expand the talks and pave the way for signing a peace agreement.”

After nearly a year of US-Taliban negotiations, held in the Qatari capital of Doha and led on the US side by special envoy Zalmay Khalilzad, they reached a four-part agreement that included a partial withdrawal of US troops, a Taliban pledge to sever relations with al-Qaida and to ensure that none of the territory it controls – now more than 50 per cent of Afghanistan – would be used for terrorism activities directed at the US or its allies.

The Taliban also committed to beginning direct talks with the Afghan government, with a cease-fire at the top of the agenda.

Declaration came after surprise Thanksgiving dinner with US troops in Afghanistan (Getty) (AFP via Getty Images)

But after secretly planning a meeting with Taliban negotiators at Camp David to seal the deal, Trump suddenly cancelled the agreement and negotiations altogether, saying that “as far as I'm concerned, they're dead”.

Mr Trump said at the time he had called off the talks after the Taliban took responsibility for an attack that killed 12 people, including a US service member.

“What kind of people would kill so many in order to seemingly strengthen their bargaining position?” Mr Trump said in a tweet.

Mike Pompeo has opposed negotiations (Getty)

The announcement threw into doubt Mr Trump's hopes of drawing down the number of troops in Afghanistan, a pledge made during his 2016 campaign. Despite his claim that he was responding to a US service member's death, the move also reflected divisions inside the administration between Khalilzad's boss, secretary of state Mike Pompeo, and then-national security adviser John Bolton, who opposed the negotiations.

The Taliban said they would be willing to continue talking, even as Afghanistan headed towards heavily contested presidential elections that Mr Ghani hoped would strengthen his hand in direct government talks with the militants.

Barred from formally restarting the discussion, Mr Khalilzad has conducted low-profile consultations with Afghanistan and regional governments, and in recent days began informal conversations with the Taliban.

Spokesperson for Ashraf Ghani says 'it is too early to comment on any changes or any perceived changes' (Getty)

Although the election took place in late September, no winner has been declared amid charges of widespread irregularities at the ballot box. Earlier this month, Mr Ghani agreed to release three Taliban prisoners in exchange for two hostages – an American and an Australian, both professors at the University of Kabul – held by the Taliban for the past three years.

At the same time, the US has moved forward with planning the same withdrawal – a reduction to 8,600 troops from about 13,000 deployed there now – that was envisioned as part of the original deal.

“We're bringing it down very substantially,” Mr Trump said Thursday of the US force. “And we're going to stay until such time as we have a deal or we have total victory.”

After the talks ended, despite a slight reduction in violence with the Taliban, the militants have remained ascendant. But Mr Trump said that over the last few months “we've hit them so hard, they've never been hit this hard. In the history of the war, they have never been hit this hard”. That, he indicated, is why “they want to make a deal”.

Mike Pompeo comments on Trump's cancelled secret meeting with Taliban

But analysts said that the main Taliban goal remains the withdrawal of all foreign forces in Afghanistan, and they have little impetus now to stop fighting.

“To date, they've very strongly resisted” a cease-fire, “and it's their best leverage”, said one person familiar with the negotiations. “They have no reason to trade that chit in now, especially at a time where US leverage is a wasting asset, and they believe they're winning on the battlefield. And Mr Trump has committed to a drawdown of forces regardless, so why would the Taliban offer up a cease-fire now?”

In his remarks to the troops Thursday, Mr Trump appeared to conflate the Isis and al-Qaida, both of which have a presence in Afghanistan, although they compete for followers and do not cooperate with each other.

A June Defense Department report put the number of Islamic State fighters at about 2,000, located in both Kunar and Nangarhar provinces along the Pakistan border.

A relatively small al-Qaida presence, it said, “poses a very limited threat to US personnel and our partners in Afghanistan”.

Afghan forces, with close American support, scored a major victory earlier this month when they retook a cluster of villages in Nangahar province, leading to the surrender of hundreds of Isis fighters.

Trump said there had been “tremendous progress ... with respect to Isis and al-Qaida. And we've hit them very, very hard ... They had many thousands a short while ago, and now they're down to hundreds. Probably 200 left”.