Islamabad is the most dangerous place to be a journalist in Pakistan, according to media rights watchdog Freedom Network (FN) which has released its Press Freedom Barometer 2018 — monitored from May 1, 2017 to April 1 this year — to mark the International Press Freedom Day that falls on Thursday.

According to a press release issued by FN, the group has recorded over 150 cases of attacks and violations against media and its practitioners, including journalists, in Pakistan in the last one year, "signifying a worryingly escalating climate of intimidation and harassment that is adversely affecting the freedom of expression and access to information environment".

Based on actual events, FN noted that at least 157 cases of attacks and violations were documented across all four provinces, Islamabad and tribal areas.

“That’s an average of about 15 cases of violations a month — one every second day. The violations included killing of journalists, abductions, kidnappings, physical attacks and injuries, arrests, threats and specific cases of harassment,” it said.

The year saw at least five working journalists as 'killed for their work", including Abdul Razzaq, correspondent for ARY News TV channel in Kasur; Bakshish Elahi, the bureau chief of K-2 Times in Haripur; Haroon Khan, a reporter with Sach TV and a stringer for Mashriq TV in Swabi; Anjum Muneer Raja, a sub-editor with Urdu daily Qaumi Pukaar in Rawalpindi; and Zeeshan Ashraf, correspondent for Nawa-e-Waqt Urdu daily in Sambrial.

The FN report adds that 35 per cent of the (55 out of 157) cases were recorded in the federal capital Islamabad, making it the most dangerous place to practice journalism in the country.

The most targeted medium remained TV with 85 cases recorded against journalists associated with it compared to print, radio and internet.

After Islamabad, other areas found dangerous for journalists were Punjab the second worst with 17% of the violations (26 cases), followed closely by Sindh with 16% (25 cases), Balochistan with 14% (22 cases) and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa with 10% (16 cases). The Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) documented the least number of overall violations at 8% of the total with 13 out of 157 cases.

The FN report points to the state, and its agencies and functionaries, as the most serious threat actors targeting media in 39 per cent of the incidents, as compared to other actors such as militant groups, political parties, religious groups and criminals. The report also noted that a total of 20 cases of attacks on media houses.

“These increased incidents of attacks on the media in Pakistan are a major cause of concern, after major improvement in law and order situation,” said FN Executive Director Iqbal Khattak.

“Return of relative peace and reduction in overall violence could have meant more freedom for journalists to freely do their jobs, but ironically this has not been the case. This is also alarming since the country has a dismal record of persecuting media predators.”

“May 3 this year also comes at a time when the country is poised to undertake one of the biggest democratic exercises of conducting general elections in the coming months. We appeal to all stakeholders to respect media and facilitate it in achieving democratic goals,” Khattak added.

Last week, a report issued by the Repor­ters Without Borders (RSF), observed that while Pakistani media are regarded as among the most vibrant in Asia but due to pressure being exerted by extremist groups and intelligence agencies, they are increasingly resorting to self-censorship.

The RSF placed Pakistan on the 139th position — same as last year — on its media freedom index for 2018 in a field of 180 countries.