For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, September 30, 2020 USDL-20-1837 Technical information: Employment: sminfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/sae Unemployment: lausinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/lau Media contact: (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov METROPOLITAN AREA EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- AUGUST 2020 Unemployment rates were higher in August than a year earlier in 387 of the 389 metropolitan areas and lower in 2 areas, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. A total of 37 areas had jobless rates of less than 5.0 percent and 6 areas had rates of at least 15.0 percent. Nonfarm payroll employment decreased over the year in 254 metropolitan areas and was essentially unchanged in 135 areas. The national unemployment rate in August was 8.5 percent, not seasonally adjusted, up from 3.8 percent a year earlier. This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force and unemployment data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those used for the national household survey estimates. These data pertain to individuals by where they reside. The employment data are from an establishment survey that measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs on payrolls defined by where the establishments are located. For more information about the concepts and statistical methodologies used by these two programs, see the Technical Note. Metropolitan Area Unemployment (Not Seasonally Adjusted) El Centro, CA, had the highest unemployment rate in August, 22.9 percent, followed by Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI, 20.7 percent. Idaho Falls, ID, and Logan, UT-ID, had the lowest unemployment rates, 2.7 percent each. A total of 267 areas had August jobless rates below the U.S. rate of 8.5 percent, 111 areas had rates above it, and 11 areas had rates equal to that of the nation. (See table 1.) The largest over-the-year unemployment rate increase in August occurred in Kahului-Wailuku- Lahaina, HI (+18.2 percentage points). Rates rose over the year by at least 10.0 percentage points in an additional three areas. The only jobless rate decreases from a year earlier occurred in Yuma, AZ (-5.0 percentage points), and Sierra Vista-Douglas, AZ (-0.8 point). Of the 51 metropolitan areas with a 2010 Census population of 1 million or more, Las Vegas- Henderson-Paradise, NV, had the highest unemployment rate in August, 15.5 percent, followed by Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA, 15.0 percent. Salt Lake City, UT, had the lowest jobless rate among the large areas, 4.7 percent. All 51 large areas had over-the-year unemployment rate increases, the largest of which were in Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV (+11.4 percentage points), and Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA (+10.7 points). The smallest rate increase from a year earlier occurred in Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ (+1.7 percentage points). Metropolitan Division Unemployment (Not Seasonally Adjusted) Eleven of the most populous metropolitan areas are made up of 38 metropolitan divisions, which are essentially separately identifiable employment centers. In August, Los Angeles- Long Beach-Glendale, CA, had the highest unemployment rate among the divisions, 16.6 percent. Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX, had the lowest division rate, 6.2 percent. (See table 2.) In August, all 38 metropolitan divisions had over-the-year unemployment rate increases, the largest of which were in Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA (+11.8 percentage points), and Lawrence-Methuen Town-Salem, MA-NH (+11.7 points). The smallest rate increase occurred in Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX (+2.7 percentage points). Metropolitan Area Nonfarm Employment (Not Seasonally Adjusted) In August, 254 metropolitan areas had over-the-year decreases in nonfarm payroll employment and 135 areas were essentially unchanged. The largest over-the-year employment decreases occurred in New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA (-1,176,100), Los Angeles-Long Beach- Anaheim, CA (-633,000), and Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI (-366,600). The largest over- the-year percentage losses in employment occurred in Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI (-28.1 percent), Ocean City, NJ (-25.4 percent), and Barnstable Town, MA (-18.7 percent). (See table 3.) Over the year, nonfarm employment declined in all of the 51 metropolitan areas with a 2010 Census population of 1 million or more. The largest over-the-year percentage decreases in employment in these large metropolitan areas occurred in Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV (-12.2 percent), Rochester, NY (-11.9 percent), and New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA (-11.8 percent). Metropolitan Division Nonfarm Employment (Not Seasonally Adjusted) In August, nonfarm payroll employment decreased in all of the 38 metropolitan divisions over the year. The largest over-the-year decrease in employment among the metropolitan divisions occurred in New York-Jersey City-White Plains, NY-NJ (-882,800), followed by Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA (-443,900), and Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, IL (-291,600). (See table 4.) The largest over-the-year percentage decreases in employment occurred in Lynn-Saugus- Marblehead, MA (-14.6 percent), Haverhill-Newburyport-Amesbury Town, MA-NH (-13.4 percent), and Detroit-Dearborn-Livonia, MI (-12.4 percent). _____________ The State Employment and Unemployment news release for September is scheduled to be released on Tuesday, October 20, 2020, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for September is scheduled to be released on Wednesday, October 28, 2020, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). _______________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on August 2020 | | Establishment and Household Survey Data | | | | BLS has continued to review all estimation and methodological procedures for the | | establishment survey, which included the review of data, estimation processes, the | | application of the birth-death model, and seasonal adjustment. Business births and | | deaths cannot be adequately captured by the establishment survey as they occur. | | Therefore, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program uses a model to account | | for the relatively stable net employment change generated by business births and | | deaths. Due to the impact of COVID-19, the relationship between business births and | | deaths is no longer stable. Typically, reports with zero employment are not included | | in estimation. For the July final and August preliminary estimates, CES included a | | portion of these reports in the estimates and made modifications to the birth-death | | model. In addition for both months, the establishment survey included a portion of | | the reports that returned to reporting positive employment from reporting zero | | employment. For more information, see www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbd.htm. | | | | In the establishment survey, workers who are paid by their employer for all or any | | part of the pay period including the 12th of the month are counted as employed, even | | if they were not actually at their jobs. Workers who are temporarily or permanently | | absent from their jobs and are not being paid are not counted as employed, even if | | they are continuing to receive benefits. The length of the reference period does vary | | across the respondents in the establishment survey; one-third of businesses have a | | weekly pay period, slightly over 40 percent a bi-weekly, about 20 percent semi- | | monthly, and a small amount monthly. | | | | For the August 2020 estimates of household employment and unemployment from the Local | | Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program, BLS continued to implement level-shift | | outliers in the employment and/or unemployment inputs to the state models, based on | | statistical evaluation of movements in each area's inputs. Both the Current | | Population Survey inputs, which serve as the primary inputs to the LAUS models, and | | the nonfarm payroll employment and unemployment insurance claims covariates were | | examined for outliers. The resulting implementation of level shifts preserved | | movements in the published estimates that the models otherwise would have discounted, | | without requiring changes to how the models create estimates at other points in the | | time series. | | | | The "Frequently asked questions" document at | | www.bls.gov/covid19/employment-situation-covid19-faq-august-2020.htm extensively | | discusses the impact of a misclassification in the household survey on the national | | estimates for August 2020. Despite the considerable decline in its degree relative to | | prior months, this misclassification continued to be widespread geographically, with | | BLS analysis indicating that most states again were affected to at least some extent. | | However, according to usual practice, the data from the household survey are accepted | | as recorded. To maintain data integrity, no ad hoc actions are taken to reclassify | | survey responses. Hence, the household survey estimates of employed and unemployed | | people that serve as the primary inputs to the state models were affected to varying | | degrees by the misclassification, which in turn affected the official LAUS estimates | | for August 2020. Similar misclassifications had occurred in the household survey from | | March through July (see www.bls.gov/covid19/effects-of-covid-19-pandemic-and- | | response-on-the-employment-situation-news-release.htm#summaries). | | | | Household data for substate areas are controlled to the employment and unemployment | | totals for their respective model-based areas. Hence, the preliminary August and | | revised July estimates for substate areas reflect the use of level-shift outliers, | | where implemented, in the inputs for their model-based control areas. The substate | | area estimates for both months also were impacted by misclassification in the | | household survey, in proportion to the impacts of the misclassifications on the data | | for their model-based control areas. | | | | Household data for Puerto Rico are not modeled, but rather are derived from a monthly | | household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. The Puerto Rico Department | | of Labor has reported a misclassification in its household survey since May 2020 | | similar in nature to the misclassification in the Current Population Survey, which | | has affected the local area data proportionally. | |_______________________________________________________________________________________|

Technical Note This news release presents civilian labor force and unemployment data from the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program (tables 1 and 2) for 389 metropolitan statistical areas and metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), plus 7 areas in Puerto Rico. Estimates for 38 metropolitan and NECTA divisions also are presented. Nonfarm payroll employment estimates from the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 4) are provided for the same areas. State estimates were previously published in the news release State Employment and Unemployment, and are republished in this news release for ease of reference. The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state cooperative endeavors. Civilian labor force and unemployment--from the LAUS program Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those used for the official national estimates obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau. The LAUS program measures employed persons and unemployed persons on a place-of-residence basis. The universe for each is the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Employed persons are those who did any work at all for pay or profit in the reference week (typically the week including the 12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family business or farm, plus those not working who had a job from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, for such reasons as labor-management dispute, illness, or vacation. Unemployed persons are those who were not employed during the reference week (based on the definition above), had actively looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the reference week, and were currently available for work; persons on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force. Method of estimation. Estimates for states, the District of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division, and New York City are produced using time-series models with real-time benchmarking to national CPS totals. Model- based estimates are also produced for the following areas and their respective balances: the Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, IL Metropolitan Division; Cleveland-Elyria, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area; Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area; Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall, FL Metropolitan Division; and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA Metropolitan Division. Modeling improves the statistical basis of the estimation for these areas and provides important tools for analysis, such as measures of errors and seasonally adjusted series. For all other substate areas in this news release, estimates are prepared through indirect estimation procedures using a building-block approach. Estimates of employed persons, which are based largely on “place of work” estimates from the CES program, are adjusted to refer to place of residence as used in the CPS. Unemployment estimates are aggregates of persons previously employed in industries covered by state unemployment insurance (UI) laws and entrants to the labor force from the CPS. The substate estimates of employment and unemployment, which geographically exhaust the entire state, are adjusted proportionally to ensure that they add to the independently estimated model-based area totals. A detailed description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS upon request. Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment data shown for the prior year reflect adjustments made at the beginning of each year, usually implemented with the issuance of January estimates. The adjusted model-based estimates typically reflect updated population data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in other input data sources, and model re-estimation. All substate estimates then are re-estimated using updated inputs and adjusted to add to the revised model-based totals. In early 2015, a new generation of time-series models was implemented, resulting in the replacement of data back to the series beginnings. At the same time, enhancements were made to the substate estimation methodology, and more timely inputs from the American Community Survey were incorporated. Employment--from the CES program Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are counted at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each payroll. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment data are produced using several estimation procedures. Where possible these data are produced using a "weighted link relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current-month weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted employment is computed from a sample of establishments reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the current month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by the previous month's employment estimates. The weighted link relative technique is utilized for data series where the sample size meets certain statistical criteria. For some employment series, the sample of establishments is very small or highly variable. In these cases, a model-based approach is used in estimation. These models use the direct sample estimates (described above), combined with forecasts of historical (benchmarked) data to decrease volatility in estimation. Two different models (Fay-Herriot Model and Small Domain Model) are used depending on the industry level being estimated. For more detailed information about each model, refer to the BLS Handbook of Methods. Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by employers who are covered under state unemployment insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and the preceding one and also to establish the level of employment for the new benchmark month. Thus, the benchmarking process establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the subsequent months. Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted for states, metropolitan areas, and metropolitan divisions at the total nonfarm level. For states, data are seasonally adjusted at the supersector level as well. Revisions to historical data for the most recent 5 years are made once a year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments. Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted concurrently, using all available estimates including those for the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors. Concurrent sample-based factors are created every month for the current month's preliminary estimate as well as the previous month's final estimate in order to incorporate real-time estimates. Reliability of the estimates The estimates presented in this news release are based on sample surveys, administrative data, and modeling and, thus, are subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is a measure of sampling variability—that is, variation that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, such as those which can be introduced into the data collection and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from sample surveys are subject to additional errors resulting from the specific estimation processes used. The sums of individual items may not always equal the totals shown in the same tables because of rounding. Use of error measures Civilian labor force and unemployment estimates. Measures of sampling error are not available for metropolitan areas or metropolitan divisions. Model-based error measures for states are available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/laus/lastderr.htm. Measures of nonsampling error are not available for the areas contained in this news release. Information on recent data revisions for states and local areas is available online at www.bls.gov/lau/launews1.htm. Employment estimates. Changes in metropolitan area nonfarm payroll employment are cited in the analysis of this news release only if they have been determined to be statistically significant at the 90-percent confidence level. Measures of sampling error for the total nonfarm employment series are available for metropolitan areas and metropolitan divisions at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of sampling error for more detailed series at the area and division level are available upon request. Measures of sampling error for states at the supersector level and for the private service-providing, goods-producing, total private and total nonfarm levels are available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Information on recent benchmark revisions is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.pdf. Area definitions The substate area data published in this news release reflect the delineations issued by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. Data reflect New England City and Town Area (NECTA) definitions, rather than county-based definitions, in the six New England States. A detailed list of the geographic definitions is available online at www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Additional information Estimates of unadjusted and seasonally adjusted civilian labor force and unemployment data for states and seven substate areas are available in the news release State Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment for all states, metropolitan areas, counties, cities with a population of 25,000 or more, and other areas used in the administration of various federal economic assistance programs are available on the Internet at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data from the CES program are available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/sae/. Information in this news release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED



Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area State and area Civilian labor force Unemployed July August Number Percent of labor force 2019 2020 2019 2020 July August July August 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 Alabama 2,245,474 2,237,258 2,235,642 2,256,750 69,916 182,761 66,431 131,079 3.1 8.2 3.0 5.8 Anniston-Oxford-Jacksonville 46,131 44,787 46,104 45,027 1,661 4,244 1,569 3,095 3.6 9.5 3.4 6.9 Auburn-Opelika 76,138 73,471 76,167 75,373 2,129 5,330 2,023 3,764 2.8 7.3 2.7 5.0 Birmingham-Hoover 555,589 548,368 553,359 551,336 15,381 42,619 15,016 31,017 2.8 7.8 2.7 5.6 Daphne-Fairhope-Foley 99,665 98,731 97,939 98,321 2,544 7,298 2,572 5,071 2.6 7.4 2.6 5.2 Decatur 72,575 70,239 72,327 71,324 2,008 4,497 1,915 3,237 2.8 6.4 2.6 4.5 Dothan 64,851 63,803 64,054 64,229 1,975 4,529 1,935 3,354 3.0 7.1 3.0 5.2 Florence-Muscle Shoals 66,343 64,781 66,024 65,762 2,481 5,047 2,242 3,567 3.7 7.8 3.4 5.4 Gadsden 42,549 41,201 42,344 41,397 1,484 4,126 1,418 2,962 3.5 10.0 3.3 7.2 Huntsville 228,952 223,120 228,311 226,992 6,095 14,174 5,602 10,407 2.7 6.4 2.5 4.6 Mobile 188,081 190,864 188,145 188,484 7,387 23,403 6,925 16,000 3.9 12.3 3.7 8.5 Montgomery 173,392 173,207 172,340 172,230 5,267 17,420 5,103 12,605 3.0 10.1 3.0 7.3 Tuscaloosa 117,408 117,438 118,316 119,984 3,728 10,659 3,347 7,739 3.2 9.1 2.8 6.5 Alaska 359,113 351,992 353,859 335,272 20,150 38,066 18,805 21,465 5.6 10.8 5.3 6.4 Anchorage 193,776 192,610 191,034 183,979 10,244 21,202 9,593 12,225 5.3 11.0 5.0 6.6 Fairbanks 45,041 45,026 44,963 43,387 2,220 4,019 2,056 2,174 4.9 8.9 4.6 5.0 Arizona 3,550,152 3,563,198 3,556,056 3,413,331 180,844 392,648 178,406 214,332 5.1 11.0 5.0 6.3 Flagstaff 77,592 70,061 77,493 66,818 4,635 9,617 4,284 5,280 6.0 13.7 5.5 7.9 Lake Havasu City-Kingman 88,808 87,932 88,067 83,371 5,215 11,127 5,121 6,206 5.9 12.7 5.8 7.4 Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale 2,502,385 2,518,904 2,503,198 2,414,106 109,076 261,948 106,375 141,735 4.4 10.4 4.2 5.9 Prescott 107,835 109,601 107,395 105,414 5,043 10,538 4,953 5,677 4.7 9.6 4.6 5.4 Sierra Vista-Douglas 49,803 51,701 50,007 50,363 3,043 4,836 2,999 2,633 6.1 9.4 6.0 5.2 Tucson 498,093 500,705 496,370 477,907 23,748 53,175 23,078 28,258 4.8 10.6 4.6 5.9 Yuma 98,365 97,783 101,414 90,783 20,097 24,589 21,746 14,855 20.4 25.1 21.4 16.4 Arkansas 1,379,283 1,323,626 1,364,195 1,346,162 56,737 99,847 49,499 99,714 4.1 7.5 3.6 7.4 Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers 284,839 273,584 281,309 278,548 8,530 15,709 7,580 15,964 3.0 5.7 2.7 5.7 Fort Smith 120,296 115,239 118,957 117,261 4,774 8,331 4,437 7,727 4.0 7.2 3.7 6.6 Hot Springs 42,818 41,629 41,798 42,512 1,826 4,003 1,588 4,334 4.3 9.6 3.8 10.2 Jonesboro 67,235 65,937 65,955 66,901 2,307 4,444 1,957 4,445 3.4 6.7 3.0 6.6 Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway 366,061 346,561 360,444 351,468 13,706 28,879 11,926 29,400 3.7 8.3 3.3 8.4 Pine Bluff 35,418 33,537 34,912 34,143 2,132 3,146 1,858 3,269 6.0 9.4 5.3 9.6 California 19,465,613 18,919,860 19,428,941 18,729,407 857,771 2,624,606 808,406 2,171,794 4.4 13.9 4.2 11.6 Bakersfield 384,070 370,501 397,036 370,676 32,518 60,922 28,832 48,514 8.5 16.4 7.3 13.1 Chico 97,842 92,846 97,641 93,207 5,461 10,424 4,903 8,361 5.6 11.2 5.0 9.0 El Centro 70,275 71,720 72,360 69,233 14,224 19,365 15,967 15,882 20.2 27.0 22.1 22.9 Fresno 451,656 446,614 452,231 444,216 32,696 60,042 29,511 48,373 7.2 13.4 6.5 10.9 Hanford-Corcoran 57,888 56,774 57,580 55,458 4,499 7,359 3,989 5,908 7.8 13.0 6.9 10.7 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim 6,756,753 6,547,231 6,730,056 6,485,849 306,734 1,113,441 292,389 972,011 4.5 17.0 4.3 15.0 Madera 61,042 61,219 61,847 61,806 4,413 7,885 3,928 6,170 7.2 12.9 6.4 10.0 Merced 112,782 112,252 115,472 113,200 9,425 16,192 8,272 12,842 8.4 14.4 7.2 11.3 Modesto 244,386 237,490 243,873 235,962 15,785 32,333 14,052 25,670 6.5 13.6 5.8 10.9 Napa 75,942 72,764 75,369 71,584 2,234 7,687 2,005 5,943 2.9 10.6 2.7 8.3 Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura 422,938 412,738 419,649 406,526 16,388 47,024 16,157 36,912 3.9 11.4 3.9 9.1 Redding 73,839 72,340 74,708 72,714 3,531 7,519 3,226 6,030 4.8 10.4 4.3 8.3 Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario 2,074,443 2,066,063 2,065,573 2,032,794 94,788 277,577 90,466 223,104 4.6 13.4 4.4 11.0 Sacramento--Roseville--Arden-Arcade 1,105,826 1,085,217 1,103,466 1,075,222 43,517 125,866 40,776 101,281 3.9 11.6 3.7 9.4 Salinas 231,408 199,253 229,104 195,397 10,872 23,972 9,587 18,331 4.7 12.0 4.2 9.4 San Diego-Carlsbad 1,595,803 1,575,519 1,590,925 1,559,050 56,736 196,061 53,658 154,312 3.6 12.4 3.4 9.9 San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward 2,606,919 2,515,020 2,598,813 2,480,609 75,680 283,279 71,630 223,703 2.9 11.3 2.8 9.0 San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara 1,092,797 1,066,534 1,089,659 1,054,493 30,832 101,263 29,250 79,665 2.8 9.5 2.7 7.6 San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles-Arroyo Grande 140,314 132,307 139,474 129,647 4,523 13,264 4,180 10,155 3.2 10.0 3.0 7.8 Santa Cruz-Watsonville 144,340 131,221 143,841 130,892 6,215 14,783 5,555 11,282 4.3 11.3 3.9 8.6 Santa Maria-Santa Barbara 220,335 210,830 219,011 210,580 8,002 21,662 7,366 16,751 3.6 10.3 3.4 8.0 Santa Rosa 260,892 253,058 261,694 252,003 7,682 25,238 7,127 19,530 2.9 10.0 2.7 7.7 Stockton-Lodi 327,810 323,788 329,199 322,062 20,168 47,652 18,623 38,363 6.2 14.7 5.7 11.9 Vallejo-Fairfield 209,831 202,721 209,103 201,683 8,564 25,362 7,908 20,681 4.1 12.5 3.8 10.3 Visalia-Porterville 202,033 191,624 205,322 189,353 20,084 30,898 18,818 24,760 9.9 16.1 9.2 13.1 Yuba City 76,246 70,531 77,142 69,801 5,010 9,533 4,431 7,484 6.6 13.5 5.7 10.7 Colorado 3,171,847 3,105,010 3,170,260 3,100,236 85,711 230,335 83,635 205,082 2.7 7.4 2.6 6.6 Boulder 196,219 189,711 198,688 190,450 4,606 12,660 4,620 10,995 2.3 6.7 2.3 5.8 Colorado Springs 356,534 356,572 357,635 357,040 12,003 24,719 11,321 22,143 3.4 6.9 3.2 6.2 Denver-Aurora-Lakewood 1,688,814 1,678,133 1,693,749 1,678,717 44,060 131,885 43,444 117,936 2.6 7.9 2.6 7.0 Fort Collins 206,484 198,167 205,936 198,592 4,578 12,336 4,714 11,027 2.2 6.2 2.3 5.6 Grand Junction 76,401 76,678 76,940 77,389 2,664 5,340 2,377 4,805 3.5 7.0 3.1 6.2 Greeley 170,232 165,831 170,331 165,861 4,352 12,052 4,251 11,022 2.6 7.3 2.5 6.6 Pueblo 75,745 75,076 76,049 75,238 3,262 5,945 3,011 5,474 4.3 7.9 4.0 7.3 Connecticut 1,945,070 1,934,606 1,925,819 1,877,381 75,777 199,999 73,111 153,302 3.9 10.3 3.8 8.2 Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk 477,495 466,592 471,036 450,217 18,482 50,006 17,858 38,196 3.9 10.7 3.8 8.5 Danbury 109,699 108,002 108,523 105,237 3,551 9,839 3,422 7,416 3.2 9.1 3.2 7.0 Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford 636,440 642,692 630,414 623,780 25,245 64,896 24,687 49,802 4.0 10.1 3.9 8.0 New Haven 332,738 335,687 331,036 327,243 12,839 32,609 12,239 25,152 3.9 9.7 3.7 7.7 Norwich-New London-Westerly 146,728 144,595 145,272 139,422 5,470 17,855 5,141 14,192 3.7 12.3 3.5 10.2 Waterbury 113,305 112,681 112,136 109,701 5,413 13,536 5,268 10,585 4.8 12.0 4.7 9.6 Delaware 492,940 510,795 490,824 503,759 20,243 54,496 20,234 45,671 4.1 10.7 4.1 9.1 Dover 79,191 86,081 78,973 85,093 3,916 9,993 3,853 8,367 4.9 11.6 4.9 9.8 Salisbury 206,884 202,346 204,397 199,918 8,387 17,497 8,214 14,723 4.1 8.6 4.0 7.4 District of Columbia 416,468 399,448 407,817 394,337 24,138 35,715 22,418 34,292 5.8 8.9 5.5 8.7 Washington-Arlington-Alexandria 3,527,506 3,465,311 3,474,085 3,431,374 116,169 275,227 111,151 235,099 3.3 7.9 3.2 6.9 Florida 10,372,151 10,053,887 10,353,589 10,137,020 350,600 1,169,778 341,558 779,311 3.4 11.6 3.3 7.7 Cape Coral-Fort Myers 345,699 335,120 344,870 341,294 11,820 36,024 11,657 24,396 3.4 10.7 3.4 7.1 Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin 133,459 123,307 131,279 124,804 3,750 8,711 3,616 5,646 2.8 7.1 2.8 4.5 Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach 303,220 294,353 302,442 298,320 11,362 31,003 10,990 20,866 3.7 10.5 3.6 7.0 Gainesville 144,711 136,441 143,717 139,591 4,946 10,322 4,525 6,796 3.4 7.6 3.1 4.9 Homosassa Springs 46,672 45,315 47,414 46,791 2,455 5,078 2,416 3,406 5.3 11.2 5.1 7.3 Jacksonville 794,262 765,914 792,005 776,467 27,522 67,318 25,925 44,948 3.5 8.8 3.3 5.8 Lakeland-Winter Haven 306,720 305,207 308,001 309,832 12,602 40,409 12,179 28,989 4.1 13.2 4.0 9.4 Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach 3,165,320 3,052,189 3,157,142 3,064,740 96,275 409,777 95,162 259,325 3.0 13.4 3.0 8.5 Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island 175,679 170,840 175,558 173,127 6,260 17,853 6,463 12,178 3.6 10.5 3.7 7.0 North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton 367,810 351,753 365,827 353,721 12,396 33,367 12,261 22,253 3.4 9.5 3.4 6.3 Ocala 138,538 137,231 137,952 139,255 5,689 12,808 5,605 8,781 4.1 9.3 4.1 6.3 Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford 1,374,139 1,354,980 1,372,815 1,348,791 44,835 208,147 43,231 147,873 3.3 15.4 3.1 11.0 Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville 287,648 282,254 287,115 285,860 9,745 26,135 9,538 17,727 3.4 9.3 3.3 6.2 Panama City 92,427 86,885 91,382 87,748 3,476 6,678 3,270 4,521 3.8 7.7 3.6 5.2 Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent 232,397 221,910 230,915 224,362 7,911 18,846 7,439 12,280 3.4 8.5 3.2 5.5 Port St. Lucie 219,356 213,651 219,592 217,645 8,906 21,805 8,675 14,748 4.1 10.2 4.0 6.8 Punta Gorda 71,184 70,479 71,267 71,620 2,748 7,079 2,819 4,798 3.9 10.0 4.0 6.7 Sebastian-Vero Beach 65,378 63,213 65,198 63,408 2,800 6,548 2,794 4,445 4.3 10.4 4.3 7.0 Sebring 35,501 35,155 35,498 35,613 1,820 3,609 1,780 2,437 5.1 10.3 5.0 6.8 Tallahassee 193,756 181,534 192,226 184,365 7,076 15,329 6,534 10,249 3.7 8.4 3.4 5.6 Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater 1,562,931 1,519,156 1,559,786 1,532,594 53,288 155,415 52,027 104,061 3.4 10.2 3.3 6.8 The Villages 32,201 31,663 32,764 32,236 1,552 3,147 1,619 2,122 4.8 9.9 4.9 6.6 Georgia 5,126,399 5,022,761 5,097,809 4,894,071 196,151 402,700 186,680 286,484 3.8 8.0 3.7 5.9 Albany 66,482 65,153 66,443 63,374 3,108 5,759 2,996 4,124 4.7 8.8 4.5 6.5 Athens-Clarke County 97,904 95,264 97,867 93,085 3,629 6,381 3,466 4,411 3.7 6.7 3.5 4.7 Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell 3,105,869 3,054,584 3,081,350 2,966,836 111,222 261,493 107,739 187,152 3.6 8.6 3.5 6.3 Augusta-Richmond County 268,368 263,307 266,787 256,524 10,908 19,499 10,265 13,630 4.1 7.4 3.8 5.3 Brunswick 53,589 47,216 53,547 46,068 1,950 3,732 1,949 2,636 3.6 7.9 3.6 5.7 Columbus 123,143 119,419 122,109 116,572 5,506 10,355 5,213 7,166 4.5 8.7 4.3 6.1 Dalton 59,311 56,602 58,604 54,863 2,863 4,519 2,592 2,875 4.8 8.0 4.4 5.2 Gainesville 102,131 98,654 101,937 96,428 3,190 5,537 3,006 3,722 3.1 5.6 2.9 3.9 Hinesville 34,328 34,048 34,305 33,517 1,472 2,251 1,425 1,686 4.3 6.6 4.2 5.0 Macon-Bibb County 103,236 100,006 102,646 97,303 4,319 8,263 4,216 5,793 4.2 8.3 4.1 6.0 Rome 44,436 44,313 43,744 43,035 2,083 3,146 1,682 2,022 4.7 7.1 3.8 4.7 Savannah 190,258 184,681 188,537 180,569 6,650 15,623 6,630 11,513 3.5 8.5 3.5 6.4 Valdosta 63,497 62,640 63,560 61,657 2,473 4,565 2,431 3,073 3.9 7.3 3.8 5.0 Warner Robins 86,356 81,458 85,936 80,069 3,279 5,160 3,180 3,676 3.8 6.3 3.7 4.6 Hawaii 667,217 641,266 663,706 636,633 18,429 86,259 17,821 79,300 2.8 13.5 2.7 12.5 Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina 87,789 82,697 87,484 81,810 2,264 18,053 2,193 16,956 2.6 21.8 2.5 20.7 Urban Honolulu 450,177 434,103 448,845 431,316 11,749 49,778 11,590 45,634 2.6 11.5 2.6 10.6 Idaho 895,029 913,173 888,664 898,836 24,218 43,548 22,457 33,876 2.7 4.8 2.5 3.8 Boise City 380,137 392,078 379,079 384,956 10,296 20,456 9,582 15,719 2.7 5.2 2.5 4.1 Coeur d'Alene 82,244 80,782 81,725 79,081 2,379 4,883 2,319 3,819 2.9 6.0 2.8 4.8 Idaho Falls 73,631 77,942 73,081 76,318 1,593 2,444 1,510 2,023 2.2 3.1 2.1 2.7 Lewiston 31,425 30,461 31,267 30,044 980 1,611 918 1,268 3.1 5.3 2.9 4.2 Pocatello 42,646 41,173 41,837 40,698 1,370 1,898 1,044 1,466 3.2 4.6 2.5 3.6 Twin Falls 54,175 54,814 53,731 54,733 1,400 2,451 1,273 1,860 2.6 4.5 2.4 3.4 Illinois 6,534,712 6,326,578 6,459,291 6,349,369 276,947 728,120 257,769 691,640 4.2 11.5 4.0 10.9 Bloomington 95,224 89,864 94,794 94,545 3,908 7,301 3,629 6,797 4.1 8.1 3.8 7.2 Carbondale-Marion 59,841 58,471 59,041 60,609 2,568 5,464 2,458 5,125 4.3 9.3 4.2 8.5 Champaign-Urbana 120,871 117,545 117,754 120,785 5,067 9,453 4,595 8,928 4.2 8.0 3.9 7.4 Chicago-Naperville-Elgin 4,935,559 4,804,616 4,880,816 4,748,878 202,248 583,253 187,180 554,366 4.1 12.1 3.8 11.7 Danville 33,538 32,400 33,052 33,758 1,819 3,261 1,828 3,128 5.4 10.1 5.5 9.3 Davenport-Moline-Rock Island 200,967 187,756 198,557 189,803 7,853 17,570 8,071 15,307 3.9 9.4 4.1 8.1 Decatur 49,761 46,869 49,107 49,551 2,767 5,716 2,662 5,528 5.6 12.2 5.4 11.2 Kankakee 56,811 55,132 55,978 57,622 2,647 5,327 2,563 5,146 4.7 9.7 4.6 8.9 Peoria 179,859 166,537 177,694 172,579 8,288 17,941 8,248 16,504 4.6 10.8 4.6 9.6 Rockford 170,106 164,817 167,169 168,264 11,462 23,245 9,924 18,991 6.7 14.1 5.9 11.3 Springfield 109,373 105,298 109,837 110,436 4,429 9,739 4,359 9,368 4.0 9.2 4.0 8.5 Indiana 3,412,239 3,356,434 3,385,489 3,364,666 119,491 267,984 113,806 217,524 3.5 8.0 3.4 6.5 Bloomington 75,703 75,422 76,503 77,996 2,889 5,190 2,920 4,277 3.8 6.9 3.8 5.5 Columbus 45,627 44,330 45,408 44,527 1,174 3,042 1,127 2,388 2.6 6.9 2.5 5.4 Elkhart-Goshen 110,236 107,653 112,661 107,061 4,136 8,759 3,613 6,542 3.8 8.1 3.2 6.1 Evansville 165,514 165,338 163,243 166,544 5,488 11,191 5,170 9,838 3.3 6.8 3.2 5.9 Fort Wayne 221,509 217,455 219,498 218,185 7,435 17,922 6,859 14,063 3.4 8.2 3.1 6.4 Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson 1,089,609 1,088,210 1,080,875 1,091,896 34,741 85,157 33,570 71,094 3.2 7.8 3.1 6.5 Kokomo 36,999 37,612 37,037 37,423 1,434 3,278 1,367 2,664 3.9 8.7 3.7 7.1 Lafayette-West Lafayette 111,804 107,214 110,961 106,317 3,585 7,626 3,569 6,384 3.2 7.1 3.2 6.0 Michigan City-La Porte 48,620 48,819 47,782 47,971 2,026 5,188 1,930 4,056 4.2 10.6 4.0 8.5 Muncie 52,618 52,342 52,654 51,395 2,213 4,347 2,156 3,692 4.2 8.3 4.1 7.2 South Bend-Mishawaka 159,655 156,425 158,895 155,894 6,692 15,887 6,208 12,780 4.2 10.2 3.9 8.2 Terre Haute 75,968 73,744 75,461 74,491 3,305 6,008 3,205 5,086 4.4 8.1 4.2 6.8 Iowa 1,763,368 1,647,866 1,748,009 1,620,207 48,724 110,363 48,287 96,178 2.8 6.7 2.8 5.9 Ames 56,843 53,950 55,961 54,530 1,308 2,798 1,180 2,421 2.3 5.2 2.1 4.4 Cedar Rapids 151,045 142,132 150,220 139,972 4,467 11,187 4,480 11,172 3.0 7.9 3.0 8.0 Des Moines-West Des Moines 375,696 351,210 373,278 344,334 10,148 25,133 9,845 22,537 2.7 7.2 2.6 6.5 Dubuque 57,512 53,723 57,018 52,336 1,445 3,944 1,490 3,306 2.5 7.3 2.6 6.3 Iowa City 101,335 97,523 101,449 96,610 2,361 6,266 2,198 5,592 2.3 6.4 2.2 5.8 Sioux City 95,277 92,493 94,301 90,459 2,752 5,571 2,645 4,576 2.9 6.0 2.8 5.1 Waterloo-Cedar Falls 91,561 86,615 90,894 85,300 3,148 6,188 3,384 5,399 3.4 7.1 3.7 6.3 Kansas 1,508,779 1,515,003 1,485,168 1,494,595 56,697 116,591 50,095 105,906 3.8 7.7 3.4 7.1 Lawrence 63,017 63,071 64,895 64,798 2,302 5,176 2,073 4,666 3.7 8.2 3.2 7.2 Manhattan 45,517 42,741 46,202 45,175 1,603 3,165 1,429 2,668 3.5 7.4 3.1 5.9 Topeka 122,974 121,023 120,033 118,720 4,513 8,416 4,078 7,775 3.7 7.0 3.4 6.5 Wichita 321,702 327,866 314,877 321,029 12,600 36,028 11,447 32,897 3.9 11.0 3.6 10.2 Kentucky 2,090,399 1,854,698 2,069,554 2,004,008 101,089 92,834 86,918 149,419 4.8 5.0 4.2 7.5 Bowling Green 83,533 71,321 83,531 77,936 3,817 3,513 3,299 5,542 4.6 4.9 3.9 7.1 Elizabethtown-Fort Knox 69,115 60,988 67,895 65,033 3,295 3,008 2,812 4,810 4.8 4.9 4.1 7.4 Lexington-Fayette 276,198 248,469 273,739 268,362 10,605 11,086 9,184 17,714 3.8 4.5 3.4 6.6 Louisville/Jefferson County 685,834 622,203 676,589 663,753 30,147 34,909 25,696 47,319 4.4 5.6 3.8 7.1 Owensboro 56,675 51,815 55,949 54,495 2,404 2,251 2,068 3,719 4.2 4.3 3.7 6.8 Louisiana 2,116,103 2,038,615 2,097,206 2,106,476 115,749 203,076 112,426 169,779 5.5 10.0 5.4 8.1 Alexandria 64,306 61,622 63,603 63,973 3,779 4,555 3,684 3,881 5.9 7.4 5.8 6.1 Baton Rouge 418,963 406,342 416,428 425,333 21,209 37,211 20,840 30,293 5.1 9.2 5.0 7.1 Hammond 54,975 54,252 54,728 55,794 3,528 6,564 3,318 5,408 6.4 12.1 6.1 9.7 Houma-Thibodaux 90,110 86,673 89,436 90,202 4,514 7,361 4,350 6,111 5.0 8.5 4.9 6.8 Lafayette 215,288 210,841 212,893 216,364 11,366 19,236 10,974 16,050 5.3 9.1 5.2 7.4 Lake Charles 111,096 102,353 109,422 105,376 5,145 10,085 4,974 8,436 4.6 9.9 4.5 8.0 Monroe 80,046 81,022 78,635 83,910 4,710 6,752 4,612 5,759 5.9 8.3 5.9 6.9 New Orleans-Metairie 601,336 575,326 595,480 588,095 30,809 68,683 29,783 57,100 5.1 11.9 5.0 9.7 Shreveport-Bossier City 189,546 183,918 186,694 189,701 10,871 17,359 10,529 14,845 5.7 9.4 5.6 7.8 Maine 708,797 715,386 708,364 694,278 18,891 67,502 16,281 42,937 2.7 9.4 2.3 6.2 Bangor 70,436 71,287 70,530 69,410 1,939 6,158 1,630 3,969 2.8 8.6 2.3 5.7 Lewiston-Auburn 55,146 57,701 55,040 55,792 1,593 5,905 1,380 3,717 2.9 10.2 2.5 6.7 Portland-South Portland 213,230 214,245 212,603 208,654 4,637 21,039 4,098 13,045 2.2 9.8 1.9 6.3 Maryland 3,316,105 3,293,672 3,280,077 3,258,880 128,327 262,162 122,557 229,494 3.9 8.0 3.7 7.0 Baltimore-Columbia-Towson 1,543,891 1,532,158 1,534,162 1,520,344 61,622 118,550 59,725 102,664 4.0 7.7 3.9 6.8 California-Lexington Park 58,397 55,738 57,708 55,444 2,325 3,400 2,199 2,907 4.0 6.1 3.8 5.2 Cumberland 45,667 42,400 45,340 42,740 2,692 3,533 2,770 3,094 5.9 8.3 6.1 7.2 Hagerstown-Martinsburg 135,349 131,105 133,522 129,986 5,193 10,034 5,054 8,782 3.8 7.7 3.8 6.8 Massachusetts 3,865,262 3,725,151 3,855,804 3,581,311 121,141 605,796 108,391 399,730 3.1 16.3 2.8 11.2 Barnstable Town 144,347 128,917 142,441 122,747 4,187 20,021 3,706 12,952 2.9 15.5 2.6 10.6 Boston-Cambridge-Nashua 2,858,404 2,750,717 2,853,234 2,655,254 82,841 427,053 74,105 285,575 2.9 15.5 2.6 10.8 Leominster-Gardner 80,844 80,622 80,415 76,940 2,999 14,436 2,665 9,667 3.7 17.9 3.3 12.6 New Bedford 86,626 85,863 86,248 81,704 3,901 16,279 3,625 10,651 4.5 19.0 4.2 13.0 Pittsfield 44,785 42,373 44,456 40,617 1,520 7,264 1,499 4,753 3.4 17.1 3.4 11.7 Springfield 377,564 359,209 376,056 345,839 15,417 59,315 14,123 39,769 4.1 16.5 3.8 11.5 Worcester 363,284 358,568 363,031 346,835 12,765 53,588 11,556 35,630 3.5 14.9 3.2 10.3 Michigan 4,995,452 4,871,057 4,965,356 4,941,320 252,608 465,161 209,484 439,661 5.1 9.5 4.2 8.9 Ann Arbor 197,148 203,194 195,961 204,750 8,187 16,172 6,179 14,218 4.2 8.0 3.2 6.9 Battle Creek 62,631 62,005 62,248 62,309 3,263 6,768 2,686 6,092 5.2 10.9 4.3 9.8 Bay City 50,485 49,350 50,094 49,495 2,730 4,751 2,202 4,228 5.4 9.6 4.4 8.5 Detroit-Warren-Dearborn 2,192,505 2,041,322 2,183,702 2,093,744 116,168 206,752 103,756 212,859 5.3 10.1 4.8 10.2 Flint 184,551 186,165 183,576 186,708 11,223 21,993 8,666 19,867 6.1 11.8 4.7 10.6 Grand Rapids-Wyoming 584,115 590,311 581,784 595,192 22,756 49,700 17,643 43,054 3.9 8.4 3.0 7.2 Jackson 74,064 75,451 73,669 75,429 3,621 7,630 2,822 6,620 4.9 10.1 3.8 8.8 Kalamazoo-Portage 168,089 172,269 167,857 173,062 7,733 15,066 6,235 13,387 4.6 8.7 3.7 7.7 Lansing-East Lansing 244,714 243,746 242,233 244,738 11,285 20,637 8,449 18,496 4.6 8.5 3.5 7.6 Midland 40,500 40,118 40,174 40,560 1,813 3,204 1,461 2,839 4.5 8.0 3.6 7.0 Monroe 75,969 73,749 74,662 73,898 4,304 6,830 2,846 5,965 5.7 9.3 3.8 8.1 Muskegon 78,973 80,114 78,095 79,967 4,304 10,279 3,298 9,107 5.4 12.8 4.2 11.4 Niles-Benton Harbor 75,001 76,635 73,984 76,801 3,717 7,610 3,052 6,699 5.0 9.9 4.1 8.7 Saginaw 87,275 86,936 86,675 87,361 4,936 9,208 3,893 8,483 5.7 10.6 4.5 9.7 Minnesota 3,142,453 3,123,590 3,122,724 3,121,133 99,631 232,599 94,260 223,097 3.2 7.4 3.0 7.1 Duluth 142,698 139,270 141,574 138,955 5,739 12,218 5,483 11,117 4.0 8.8 3.9 8.0 Mankato-North Mankato 60,324 62,771 60,601 61,630 1,713 3,890 1,700 3,744 2.8 6.2 2.8 6.1 Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington 2,052,753 2,030,261 2,047,731 2,039,663 61,878 166,109 59,849 160,134 3.0 8.2 2.9 7.9 Rochester 127,883 126,517 126,987 125,646 3,475 8,341 3,312 7,363 2.7 6.6 2.6 5.9 St. Cloud 113,323 115,839 112,331 114,460 3,320 7,112 3,237 6,838 2.9 6.1 2.9 6.0 Mississippi 1,294,421 1,232,114 1,272,644 1,238,773 81,327 123,987 71,648 97,785 6.3 10.1 5.6 7.9 Gulfport-Biloxi-Pascagoula 167,684 162,077 164,130 164,086 10,315 17,196 9,258 13,501 6.2 10.6 5.6 8.2 Hattiesburg 68,352 65,916 67,420 67,102 3,911 5,961 3,428 4,828 5.7 9.0 5.1 7.2 Jackson 271,590 257,875 266,411 259,214 15,107 24,067 13,251 18,230 5.6 9.3 5.0 7.0 Missouri 3,117,422 3,103,500 3,077,694 3,067,772 117,030 223,882 108,761 218,155 3.8 7.2 3.5 7.1 Cape Girardeau 47,555 44,146 47,932 44,783 1,773 2,888 1,739 2,783 3.7 6.5 3.6 6.2 Columbia 97,250 96,886 96,631 95,708 2,858 4,931 2,586 4,967 2.9 5.1 2.7 5.2 Jefferson City 76,323 75,654 75,366 74,300 2,402 4,198 2,317 4,366 3.1 5.5 3.1 5.9 Joplin 85,515 84,368 84,494 84,241 3,232 5,509 2,746 5,352 3.8 6.5 3.2 6.4 Kansas City 1,166,708 1,157,638 1,145,001 1,138,208 46,899 87,770 39,762 82,805 4.0 7.6 3.5 7.3 St. Joseph 64,676 63,600 63,140 62,524 2,275 3,502 1,966 3,449 3.5 5.5 3.1 5.5 St. Louis 1,504,296 1,475,623 1,484,459 1,473,779 54,599 121,020 51,923 116,889 3.6 8.2 3.5 7.9 Springfield 238,189 238,110 233,578 233,029 7,130 15,043 7,739 13,682 3.0 6.3 3.3 5.9 Montana 543,860 543,757 542,082 537,184 16,834 32,874 16,824 27,741 3.1 6.0 3.1 5.2 Billings 88,202 89,674 88,105 88,881 2,768 5,291 2,689 4,393 3.1 5.9 3.1 4.9 Great Falls 37,674 38,677 37,579 38,273 1,199 2,406 1,249 2,034 3.2 6.2 3.3 5.3 Missoula 63,386 66,607 63,580 65,783 1,806 4,211 1,768 3,529 2.8 6.3 2.8 5.4 Nebraska 1,051,883 1,062,974 1,039,417 1,040,865 35,001 53,998 31,306 40,679 3.3 5.1 3.0 3.9 Grand Island 44,598 45,400 43,848 43,823 1,514 2,479 1,335 2,164 3.4 5.5 3.0 4.9 Lincoln 187,752 197,033 187,113 192,555 5,689 9,927 5,261 7,339 3.0 5.0 2.8 3.8 Omaha-Council Bluffs 507,334 512,813 502,944 501,394 16,761 30,693 15,231 22,526 3.3 6.0 3.0 4.5 Nevada 1,550,643 1,494,939 1,548,152 1,494,549 63,204 213,567 59,708 198,063 4.1 14.3 3.9 13.3 Carson City 26,541 25,409 26,435 25,434 1,018 2,057 960 1,856 3.8 8.1 3.6 7.3 Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise 1,139,458 1,104,156 1,137,375 1,102,926 48,856 183,108 46,143 170,575 4.3 16.6 4.1 15.5 Reno 258,478 245,242 258,292 246,005 8,378 20,056 7,943 17,779 3.2 8.2 3.1 7.2 New Hampshire 787,198 747,132 783,726 745,326 19,857 58,966 19,639 47,347 2.5 7.9 2.5 6.4 Dover-Durham 87,005 82,294 86,621 82,010 2,054 6,707 1,988 5,015 2.4 8.2 2.3 6.1 Manchester 122,952 119,415 122,099 119,400 2,956 9,421 2,940 7,681 2.4 7.9 2.4 6.4 Portsmouth 80,559 75,477 80,182 75,320 1,742 5,824 1,724 4,454 2.2 7.7 2.2 5.9 New Jersey 4,555,166 4,650,728 4,530,548 4,586,367 176,079 668,630 166,692 500,771 3.9 14.4 3.7 10.9 Atlantic City-Hammonton 124,700 128,751 124,209 123,502 6,281 31,547 5,924 21,754 5.0 24.5 4.8 17.6 Ocean City 57,280 47,744 55,575 47,723 2,325 7,290 2,094 5,320 4.1 15.3 3.8 11.1 Trenton 204,653 208,761 204,770 206,545 7,407 23,732 7,025 17,472 3.6 11.4 3.4 8.5 Vineland-Bridgeton 63,596 67,136 63,760 67,064 3,773 10,105 3,550 7,594 5.9 15.1 5.6 11.3 New Mexico 960,503 915,348 955,627 893,293 52,663 122,000 47,067 102,883 5.5 13.3 4.9 11.5 Albuquerque 438,755 415,710 436,236 408,966 22,991 54,640 20,809 45,841 5.2 13.1 4.8 11.2 Farmington 51,601 49,077 50,950 48,277 3,327 7,628 3,009 6,536 6.4 15.5 5.9 13.5 Las Cruces 96,423 90,817 97,287 87,463 6,069 11,846 5,304 9,511 6.3 13.0 5.5 10.9 Santa Fe 76,902 70,222 76,039 68,059 3,416 9,468 3,078 7,836 4.4 13.5 4.0 11.5 New York 9,596,950 9,687,509 9,539,835 9,521,651 400,342 1,547,731 393,551 1,200,119 4.2 16.0 4.1 12.6 Albany-Schenectady-Troy 449,292 465,775 448,231 455,810 17,008 53,457 16,845 39,968 3.8 11.5 3.8 8.8 Binghamton 105,964 111,911 105,407 109,315 5,041 13,876 4,844 10,262 4.8 12.4 4.6 9.4 Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls 543,096 573,447 542,821 559,220 24,781 80,954 24,303 60,377 4.6 14.1 4.5 10.8 Elmira 34,662 38,359 34,435 37,723 1,515 4,783 1,496 3,604 4.4 12.5 4.3 9.6 Glens Falls 62,240 60,854 61,952 59,560 2,268 6,732 2,245 4,874 3.6 11.1 3.6 8.2 Ithaca 48,128 51,164 47,830 50,453 2,001 5,011 1,936 3,611 4.2 9.8 4.0 7.2 Kingston 88,568 93,650 87,711 91,552 3,560 11,581 3,535 8,508 4.0 12.4 4.0 9.3 New York-Newark-Jersey City 10,041,853 10,110,120 9,973,169 9,963,468 401,529 1,666,191 390,189 1,294,663 4.0 16.5 3.9 13.0 Rochester 521,882 529,427 519,422 517,932 22,345 68,315 22,206 51,098 4.3 12.9 4.3 9.9 Syracuse 309,474 316,466 308,429 307,216 13,245 41,174 13,057 30,081 4.3 13.0 4.2 9.8 Utica-Rome 130,621 133,907 130,325 130,860 5,683 16,195 5,564 12,146 4.4 12.1 4.3 9.3 Watertown-Fort Drum 45,199 43,643 44,724 42,755 2,233 5,434 2,295 3,925 4.9 12.5 5.1 9.2 North Carolina 5,125,881 4,944,753 5,074,829 4,813,107 219,539 436,774 210,207 327,976 4.3 8.8 4.1 6.8 Asheville 240,228 227,639 237,070 220,948 8,226 21,199 8,089 15,539 3.4 9.3 3.4 7.0 Burlington 83,371 80,809 82,566 79,078 3,638 7,046 3,412 5,271 4.4 8.7 4.1 6.7 Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia 1,382,416 1,352,145 1,375,195 1,317,491 54,025 125,319 51,412 94,230 3.9 9.3 3.7 7.2 Durham-Chapel Hill 308,115 292,321 306,525 286,854 11,817 23,093 11,383 17,134 3.8 7.9 3.7 6.0 Fayetteville 149,011 142,512 147,421 138,911 8,442 16,575 7,995 12,645 5.7 11.6 5.4 9.1 Goldsboro 52,517 48,200 51,194 47,296 2,410 3,919 2,295 2,981 4.6 8.1 4.5 6.3 Greensboro-High Point 371,752 360,468 371,044 349,449 17,208 36,905 16,436 27,478 4.6 10.2 4.4 7.9 Greenville 89,686 86,078 88,562 83,003 4,584 7,415 4,234 5,490 5.1 8.6 4.8 6.6 Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton 176,537 166,160 174,843 161,232 7,215 14,930 6,989 11,028 4.1 9.0 4.0 6.8 Jacksonville 63,597 62,334 65,310 63,120 3,296 5,255 3,213 4,003 5.2 8.4 4.9 6.3 New Bern 53,020 50,249 51,764 48,768 2,337 3,733 2,229 2,866 4.4 7.4 4.3 5.9 Raleigh 742,574 704,688 735,424 684,791 28,081 55,763 26,946 41,562 3.8 7.9 3.7 6.1 Rocky Mount 65,126 63,598 63,629 61,152 3,788 7,181 3,571 5,541 5.8 11.3 5.6 9.1 Wilmington 157,050 148,800 155,391 144,414 6,197 12,243 5,938 9,176 3.9 8.2 3.8 6.4 Winston-Salem 333,585 317,973 330,571 311,018 13,650 28,015 13,225 20,802 4.1 8.8 4.0 6.7 North Dakota 411,927 410,373 410,255 403,565 9,189 26,043 9,123 19,386 2.2 6.3 2.2 4.8 Bismarck 69,683 69,538 68,814 68,308 1,516 3,442 1,613 2,649 2.2 4.9 2.3 3.9 Fargo 140,281 143,549 139,563 140,792 2,999 7,286 2,852 5,518 2.1 5.1 2.0 3.9 Grand Forks 53,690 54,472 53,170 52,898 1,518 3,142 1,360 2,415 2.8 5.8 2.6 4.6 Ohio 5,884,316 5,734,905 5,848,312 5,786,919 266,365 528,987 246,429 510,199 4.5 9.2 4.2 8.8 Akron 363,326 347,805 362,314 351,179 16,588 31,938 15,849 31,737 4.6 9.2 4.4 9.0 Canton-Massillon 200,509 194,831 199,759 196,403 9,268 17,311 8,903 16,960 4.6 8.9 4.5 8.6 Cincinnati 1,142,548 1,110,315 1,136,205 1,140,209 47,849 84,561 44,291 90,693 4.2 7.6 3.9 8.0 Cleveland-Elyria 1,067,558 1,024,705 1,049,822 1,022,091 49,305 121,799 42,284 106,454 4.6 11.9 4.0 10.4 Columbus 1,115,322 1,082,647 1,112,562 1,098,259 44,071 90,293 42,090 91,000 4.0 8.3 3.8 8.3 Dayton 394,943 391,368 393,463 395,768 17,610 34,649 16,750 34,369 4.5 8.9 4.3 8.7 Lima 48,641 47,493 48,427 47,558 2,308 4,154 2,014 4,005 4.7 8.7 4.2 8.4 Mansfield 52,955 52,157 52,294 52,329 2,623 4,879 2,356 4,557 5.0 9.4 4.5 8.7 Springfield 63,579 63,054 63,507 63,912 3,165 5,363 2,736 5,314 5.0 8.5 4.3 8.3 Toledo 304,801 301,943 303,370 302,853 14,140 29,524 13,289 28,536 4.6 9.8 4.4 9.4 Weirton-Steubenville 51,703 50,268 51,519 50,788 2,959 5,519 2,830 5,394 5.7 11.0 5.5 10.6 Youngstown-Warren-Boardman 242,305 228,674 240,770 228,111 14,853 26,557 14,361 25,511 6.1 11.6 6.0 11.2 Oklahoma 1,850,754 1,811,723 1,836,797 1,824,934 62,846 128,682 60,607 102,709 3.4 7.1 3.3 5.6 Enid 27,549 25,667 27,078 25,921 836 1,675 812 1,381 3.0 6.5 3.0 5.3 Lawton 51,236 50,191 50,537 50,413 1,962 3,665 1,902 2,794 3.8 7.3 3.8 5.5 Oklahoma City 690,680 677,533 682,873 683,202 21,612 48,099 21,040 37,896 3.1 7.1 3.1 5.5 Tulsa 488,582 472,479 481,898 472,384 16,090 35,829 15,638 28,593 3.3 7.6 3.2 6.1 Oregon 2,126,411 2,084,949 2,123,490 2,072,940 85,756 221,460 82,140 161,839 4.0 10.6 3.9 7.8 Albany 58,253 58,100 58,418 58,171 2,792 6,070 2,607 4,513 4.8 10.4 4.5 7.8 Bend-Redmond 97,698 93,969 97,993 93,722 3,679 10,055 3,524 6,896 3.8 10.7 3.6 7.4 Corvallis 46,188 44,767 46,439 44,251 1,714 3,795 1,627 2,729 3.7 8.5 3.5 6.2 Eugene 179,377 182,271 179,490 181,932 7,961 19,487 7,804 14,079 4.4 10.7 4.3 7.7 Grants Pass 35,865 34,384 36,275 34,373 1,830 3,691 1,833 2,799 5.1 10.7 5.1 8.1 Medford 103,568 102,504 104,367 103,385 5,322 11,223 4,668 8,146 5.1 10.9 4.5 7.9 Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro 1,331,809 1,323,474 1,333,061 1,311,412 50,689 148,230 49,971 110,462 3.8 11.2 3.7 8.4 Salem 205,343 197,408 204,630 196,818 8,961 18,597 8,539 13,790 4.4 9.4 4.2 7.0 Pennsylvania 6,581,549 6,458,600 6,542,283 6,337,905 321,521 824,771 314,579 664,889 4.9 12.8 4.8 10.5 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton 446,877 443,677 444,342 436,019 21,796 56,995 21,460 45,682 4.9 12.8 4.8 10.5 Altoona 60,843 59,292 60,599 58,120 3,270 7,037 3,017 5,376 5.4 11.9 5.0 9.2 Bloomsburg-Berwick 42,846 42,874 42,715 42,051 2,149 4,236 1,952 3,298 5.0 9.9 4.6 7.8 Chambersburg-Waynesboro 79,077 77,842 78,733 76,699 3,475 8,501 3,283 6,761 4.4 10.9 4.2 8.8 East Stroudsburg 84,978 81,323 84,044 79,311 4,959 12,651 4,744 10,163 5.8 15.6 5.6 12.8 Erie 130,267 126,265 129,231 122,859 6,603 17,049 6,022 13,683 5.1 13.5 4.7 11.1 Gettysburg 56,165 55,391 55,861 54,516 2,190 5,114 2,015 3,961 3.9 9.2 3.6 7.3 Harrisburg-Carlisle 309,299 306,140 307,279 300,671 13,111 32,721 12,808 26,092 4.2 10.7 4.2 8.7 Johnstown 58,394 56,378 57,977 55,328 3,653 7,368 3,506 5,828 6.3 13.1 6.0 10.5 Lancaster 292,146 295,190 290,354 290,299 11,839 30,098 11,250 23,306 4.1 10.2 3.9 8.0 Lebanon 74,280 72,552 73,701 71,227 3,170 7,946 3,157 6,399 4.3 11.0 4.3 9.0 Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington 3,155,369 3,159,501 3,140,341 3,106,530 146,781 421,434 144,876 337,306 4.7 13.3 4.6 10.9 Pittsburgh 1,228,656 1,199,950 1,219,296 1,173,221 58,524 157,365 57,504 126,634 4.8 13.1 4.7 10.8 Reading 219,663 226,387 217,962 221,697 10,635 27,665 10,420 22,573 4.8 12.2 4.8 10.2 Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton 278,675 266,208 278,184 262,518 16,290 37,670 16,449 30,800 5.8 14.2 5.9 11.7 State College 77,590 74,620 79,777 75,649 3,207 6,327 2,663 4,591 4.1 8.5 3.3 6.1 Williamsport 57,189 52,644 57,284 52,147 2,826 6,362 2,821 5,238 4.9 12.1 4.9 10.0 York-Hanover 239,871 235,137 238,284 231,339 10,761 25,661 10,279 20,650 4.5 10.9 4.3 8.9 Rhode Island 562,181 564,414 560,466 546,274 21,801 65,181 20,937 70,807 3.9 11.5 3.7 13.0 Providence-Warwick 696,920 699,138 695,676 675,893 26,907 88,751 25,568 85,378 3.9 12.7 3.7 12.6 South Carolina 2,402,172 2,487,636 2,385,686 2,428,166 72,245 220,921 67,954 160,004 3.0 8.9 2.8 6.6 Charleston-North Charleston 401,657 412,920 397,744 400,583 10,254 37,842 9,625 27,390 2.6 9.2 2.4 6.8 Columbia 406,952 419,900 404,596 409,986 11,657 32,607 10,914 24,229 2.9 7.8 2.7 5.9 Florence 98,648 104,519 97,973 101,516 3,252 8,875 3,058 6,758 3.3 8.5 3.1 6.7 Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin 438,913 458,879 434,460 449,587 11,932 36,490 11,183 25,729 2.7 8.0 2.6 5.7 Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort 93,565 95,277 92,253 95,114 2,659 6,901 2,433 4,871 2.8 7.2 2.6 5.1 Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach 214,409 208,477 208,894 200,651 8,168 22,158 7,719 16,161 3.8 10.6 3.7 8.1 Spartanburg 165,533 171,543 164,793 168,305 4,792 17,036 4,393 12,150 2.9 9.9 2.7 7.2 Sumter 43,834 46,091 43,309 44,998 1,577 4,564 1,491 3,417 3.6 9.9 3.4 7.6 South Dakota 471,856 473,798 468,482 463,355 14,359 28,882 15,340 21,806 3.0 6.1 3.3 4.7 Rapid City 77,917 76,737 78,050 74,063 2,358 5,219 2,596 3,879 3.0 6.8 3.3 5.2 Sioux Falls 157,811 160,014 156,227 155,654 3,778 8,884 4,296 6,559 2.4 5.6 2.7 4.2 Tennessee 3,377,806 3,178,426 3,339,297 3,381,884 132,139 321,520 113,486 289,511 3.9 10.1 3.4 8.6 Chattanooga 280,166 272,479 276,499 281,134 10,620 21,976 9,445 18,886 3.8 8.1 3.4 6.7 Clarksville 118,623 109,617 117,800 117,916 5,813 9,821 5,053 9,977 4.9 9.0 4.3 8.5 Cleveland 60,432 58,136 60,825 61,978 2,567 5,059 2,201 4,420 4.2 8.7 3.6 7.1 Jackson 66,016 61,629 64,876 65,467 2,629 5,924 2,351 5,447 4.0 9.6 3.6 8.3 Johnson City 92,116 85,092 91,220 90,525 3,967 7,324 3,461 6,654 4.3 8.6 3.8 7.4 Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol 138,594 130,054 137,876 135,285 5,850 11,526 5,102 9,783 4.2 8.9 3.7 7.2 Knoxville 437,431 410,319 430,826 435,600 16,709 32,696 13,922 28,895 3.8 8.0 3.2 6.6 Memphis 653,760 628,804 644,138 661,502 31,038 82,435 27,316 77,988 4.7 13.1 4.2 11.8 Morristown 53,205 51,013 52,634 53,466 2,301 4,574 1,992 3,909 4.3 9.0 3.8 7.3 Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin 1,103,447 1,029,482 1,089,174 1,094,834 33,554 102,695 28,936 90,660 3.0 10.0 2.7 8.3 Texas 14,064,960 13,858,302 14,030,092 14,325,524 540,487 1,151,623 523,448 996,264 3.8 8.3 3.7 7.0 Abilene 78,826 77,048 78,712 79,926 2,621 4,639 2,520 3,929 3.3 6.0 3.2 4.9 Amarillo 132,139 125,372 131,934 129,986 3,825 6,490 3,627 5,500 2.9 5.2 2.7 4.2 Austin-Round Rock 1,240,719 1,224,494 1,235,631 1,279,008 36,333 82,797 35,066 70,089 2.9 6.8 2.8 5.5 Beaumont-Port Arthur 172,969 168,365 172,821 172,186 10,826 20,287 10,531 17,759 6.3 12.0 6.1 10.3 Brownsville-Harlingen 167,732 164,826 167,322 170,516 9,943 18,332 9,494 15,853 5.9 11.1 5.7 9.3 College Station-Bryan 130,393 132,768 130,345 138,138 4,211 7,747 3,989 6,458 3.2 5.8 3.1 4.7 Corpus Christi 206,849 201,627 206,439 207,592 9,536 20,276 9,319 17,405 4.6 10.1 4.5 8.4 Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington 3,987,104 3,949,765 3,977,030 4,085,756 141,791 299,657 137,239 256,982 3.6 7.6 3.5 6.3 El Paso 362,073 357,700 362,632 371,343 14,909 31,495 14,617 27,058 4.1 8.8 4.0 7.3 Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land 3,434,101 3,394,536 3,417,221 3,485,828 141,120 322,953 138,646 282,337 4.1 9.5 4.1 8.1 Killeen-Temple 177,281 174,318 176,406 180,805 7,360 12,537 6,998 10,857 4.2 7.2 4.0 6.0 Laredo 118,394 115,746 118,413 119,508 4,794 10,651 4,454 9,367 4.0 9.2 3.8 7.8 Longview 99,408 95,158 99,364 98,744 3,984 8,103 3,869 7,209 4.0 8.5 3.9 7.3 Lubbock 163,564 159,210 163,538 164,563 5,547 10,228 4,920 8,518 3.4 6.4 3.0 5.2 McAllen-Edinburg-Mission 348,112 352,024 351,616 362,085 24,070 44,291 23,156 39,374 6.9 12.6 6.6 10.9 Midland 111,590 102,740 110,710 106,263 2,485 9,717 2,502 8,560 2.2 9.5 2.3 8.1 Odessa 88,454 85,618 87,710 87,703 2,521 10,837 2,547 9,736 2.9 12.7 2.9 11.1 San Angelo 54,830 52,238 55,154 53,769 1,870 3,848 1,763 3,204 3.4 7.4 3.2 6.0 San Antonio-New Braunfels 1,208,286 1,193,165 1,204,321 1,234,237 41,391 95,374 39,982 81,149 3.4 8.0 3.3 6.6 Sherman-Denison 64,573 63,938 64,139 65,895 2,117 3,786 2,112 3,309 3.3 5.9 3.3 5.0 Texarkana 65,231 64,171 64,651 65,804 3,135 4,886 2,916 4,427 4.8 7.6 4.5 6.7 Tyler 107,191 105,836 107,003 109,612 3,915 7,655 3,818 6,610 3.7 7.2 3.6 6.0 Victoria 46,037 45,282 45,915 46,208 1,696 4,255 1,639 3,444 3.7 9.4 3.6 7.5 Waco 127,231 126,381 126,652 131,414 4,776 8,321 4,538 7,044 3.8 6.6 3.6 5.4 Wichita Falls 65,622 62,956 65,249 65,693 2,340 4,502 2,159 3,849 3.6 7.2 3.3 5.9 Utah 1,616,418 1,634,784 1,615,398 1,627,683 43,635 75,477 42,719 68,301 2.7 4.6 2.6 4.2 Logan 68,017 69,489 67,983 69,885 1,646 1,895 1,578 1,872 2.4 2.7 2.3 2.7 Ogden-Clearfield 337,708 344,383 335,595 342,843 9,048 13,689 8,880 12,632 2.7 4.0 2.6 3.7 Provo-Orem 310,745 316,882 312,210 318,978 8,070 11,423 7,782 10,755 2.6 3.6 2.5 3.4 St. George 76,101 78,122 77,311 78,079 2,401 4,045 2,398 3,707 3.2 5.2 3.1 4.7 Salt Lake City 676,600 677,617 675,391 670,838 17,666 35,827 17,526 31,656 2.6 5.3 2.6 4.7 Vermont 346,705 343,771 344,368 327,153 8,209 28,191 7,910 15,117 2.4 8.2 2.3 4.6 Burlington-South Burlington 127,289 123,964 127,344 118,531 2,589 9,408 2,509 5,083 2.0 7.6 2.0 4.3 Virginia 4,465,718 4,376,805 4,422,123 4,348,190 131,979 349,288 130,261 274,828 3.0 8.0 2.9 6.3 Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford 89,742 85,037 91,090 88,802 2,957 5,877 2,851 4,882 3.3 6.9 3.1 5.5 Charlottesville 123,017 121,799 120,948 120,615 3,451 9,004 3,360 6,740 2.8 7.4 2.8 5.6 Harrisonburg 66,640 64,294 65,702 63,726 2,025 4,283 1,930 3,144 3.0 6.7 2.9 4.9 Lynchburg 124,154 121,533 123,833 121,321 4,501 8,993 4,283 7,161 3.6 7.4 3.5 5.9 Richmond 697,236 687,185 690,208 679,914 21,943 60,414 21,787 47,271 3.1 8.8 3.2 7.0 Roanoke 159,553 155,589 159,213 154,578 4,739 11,796 4,724 9,252 3.0 7.6 3.0 6.0 Staunton-Waynesboro 61,042 63,147 60,549 62,359 1,623 3,966 1,650 3,064 2.7 6.3 2.7 4.9 Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News 874,949 872,252 866,839 858,954 28,394 80,510 28,282 63,192 3.2 9.2 3.3 7.4 Winchester 75,022 71,073 74,830 70,537 2,121 4,396 2,065 3,455 2.8 6.2 2.8 4.9 Washington 3,944,959 3,989,011 3,930,563 3,963,255 164,164 400,223 160,846 333,170 4.2 10.0 4.1 8.4 Bellingham 115,641 120,916 114,378 119,202 5,730 14,037 5,731 11,258 5.0 11.6 5.0 9.4 Bremerton-Silverdale 128,283 134,663 128,041 134,904 5,880 12,617 5,748 10,380 4.6 9.4 4.5 7.7 Kennewick-Richland 151,057 156,340 149,340 154,686 7,315 16,784 7,280 13,166 4.8 10.7 4.9 8.5 Longview 47,659 50,526 47,709 50,244 2,802 5,759 2,845 4,715 5.9 11.4 6.0 9.4 Mount Vernon-Anacortes 63,642 65,589 63,724 64,465 3,323 7,881 3,351 6,259 5.2 12.0 5.3 9.7 Olympia-Tumwater 141,080 149,391 141,325 146,825 6,807 15,370 6,731 12,160 4.8 10.3 4.8 8.3 Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue 2,179,576 2,194,244 2,180,017 2,192,099 75,320 201,704 71,067 174,120 3.5 9.2 3.3 7.9 Spokane-Spokane Valley 275,297 284,122 275,597 276,309 14,144 32,167 14,155 25,765 5.1 11.3 5.1 9.3 Walla Walla 32,424 31,940 32,106 31,943 1,564 2,676 1,504 2,241 4.8 8.4 4.7 7.0 Wenatchee 77,169 67,046 70,115 66,480 2,901 6,637 3,251 5,507 3.8 9.9 4.6 8.3 Yakima 140,212 138,148 137,152 137,292 7,727 17,094 8,402 13,877 5.5 12.4 6.1 10.1 West Virginia 805,335 769,225 801,184 772,389 38,061 76,141 38,253 67,061 4.7 9.9 4.8 8.7 Beckley 47,627 47,322 47,314 47,467 2,279 4,879 2,298 4,437 4.8 10.3 4.9 9.3 Charleston 94,839 92,361 94,155 92,245 4,305 10,119 4,462 9,132 4.5 11.0 4.7 9.9 Huntington-Ashland 147,572 144,114 147,059 147,447 7,736 12,619 7,355 12,866 5.2 8.8 5.0 8.7 Morgantown 69,840 68,325 70,752 69,398 2,718 5,965 2,732 4,625 3.9 8.7 3.9 6.7 Parkersburg-Vienna 39,469 39,251 39,303 39,311 1,976 3,921 1,980 3,322 5.0 10.0 5.0 8.5 Wheeling 66,951 61,139 65,687 61,023 3,331 6,495 3,273 6,048 5.0 10.6 5.0 9.9 Wisconsin 3,150,096 3,070,321 3,120,077 3,062,770 113,279 219,150 106,141 185,857 3.6 7.1 3.4 6.1 Appleton 133,137 127,235 131,519 127,514 4,346 7,707 3,921 6,527 3.3 6.1 3.0 5.1 Eau Claire 92,191 88,950 91,660 89,637 3,201 6,014 2,981 5,107 3.5 6.8 3.3 5.7 Fond du Lac 58,289 57,556 57,481 57,314 1,936 3,433 1,890 2,672 3.3 6.0 3.3 4.7 Green Bay 175,342 172,336 173,782 171,795 6,128 11,557 5,647 9,676 3.5 6.7 3.2 5.6 Janesville-Beloit 87,131 83,710 86,236 83,576 3,485 7,060 3,432 5,624 4.0 8.4 4.0 6.7 La Crosse-Onalaska 76,355 73,987 75,908 73,343 2,396 4,393 2,167 3,754 3.1 5.9 2.9 5.1 Madison 394,057 370,386 389,748 367,286 10,693 22,108 9,906 18,770 2.7 6.0 2.5 5.1 Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis 829,116 820,054 825,095 817,314 33,455 70,612 31,740 60,850 4.0 8.6 3.8 7.4 Oshkosh-Neenah 92,662 90,598 91,648 90,354 3,135 5,585 3,039 4,620 3.4 6.2 3.3 5.1 Racine 100,573 100,408 99,792 100,246 4,628 7,941 4,368 6,940 4.6 7.9 4.4 6.9 Sheboygan 64,099 61,880 63,409 61,551 1,893 3,878 1,758 3,089 3.0 6.3 2.8 5.0 Wausau 74,468 72,344 73,651 72,112 2,375 4,025 2,155 3,299 3.2 5.6 2.9 4.6 Wyoming 298,084 299,734 296,141 295,091 10,633 20,377 9,825 17,842 3.6 6.8 3.3 6.0 Casper 39,751 40,113 39,398 39,482 1,454 4,107 1,446 3,730 3.7 10.2 3.7 9.4 Cheyenne 49,052 49,156 48,570 48,677 1,654 2,886 1,645 2,498 3.4 5.9 3.4 5.1 Puerto Rico 1,105,444 1,042,138 1,078,607 1,048,938 86,848 75,757 75,758 88,480 7.9 7.3 7.0 8.4 Aguadilla-Isabela 87,467 80,244 85,027 81,367 8,958 6,410 7,372 7,372 10.2 8.0 8.7 9.1 Arecibo 53,871 51,700 52,091 52,277 4,932 3,728 4,251 4,216 9.2 7.2 8.2 8.1 Guayama 19,962 18,356 19,406 18,462 2,461 1,320 2,113 1,523 12.3 7.2 10.9 8.2 Mayaguez 27,890 25,364 26,755 25,472 2,789 1,812 2,367 2,075 10.0 7.1 8.8 8.1 Ponce 94,084 87,074 91,183 87,889 9,763 6,437 9,027 7,589 10.4 7.4 9.9 8.6 San German 35,123 32,128 34,030 32,693 3,829 2,418 3,202 2,888 10.9 7.5 9.4 8.8 San Juan-Carolina-Caguas 745,594 709,692 729,431 712,077 49,363 50,612 43,035 59,237 6.6 7.1 5.9 8.3 NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area delineations are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city, unless otherwise footnoted. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.



LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED



Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state, selected metropolitan area, and metropolitan division State, area, and division Civilian labor force Unemployed July August Number Percent of labor force 2019 2020 2019 2020 July August July August 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 California 19,465,613 18,919,860 19,428,941 18,729,407 857,771 2,624,606 808,406 2,171,794 4.4 13.9 4.2 11.6 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim 6,756,753 6,547,231 6,730,056 6,485,849 306,734 1,113,441 292,389 972,011 4.5 17.0 4.3 15.0 Anaheim-Santa Ana-Irvine 1,626,509 1,590,486 1,617,548 1,556,209 50,739 196,775 48,081 153,760 3.1 12.4 3.0 9.9 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale 5,130,244 4,956,745 5,112,508 4,929,640 255,995 916,666 244,308 818,251 5.0 18.5 4.8 16.6 San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward 2,606,919 2,515,020 2,598,813 2,480,609 75,680 283,279 71,630 223,703 2.9 11.3 2.8 9.0 Oakland-Hayward-Berkeley 1,414,027 1,363,279 1,408,349 1,341,883 47,278 166,274 44,702 131,603 3.3 12.2 3.2 9.8 San Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco 1,051,513 1,017,917 1,049,571 1,006,292 24,805 104,990 23,503 82,830 2.4 10.3 2.2 8.2 San Rafael 141,379 133,824 140,893 132,434 3,597 12,015 3,425 9,270 2.5 9.0 2.4 7.0 District of Columbia 416,468 399,448 407,817 394,337 24,138 35,715 22,418 34,292 5.8 8.9 5.5 8.7 Washington-Arlington-Alexandria 3,527,506 3,465,311 3,474,085 3,431,374 116,169 275,227 111,151 235,099 3.3 7.9 3.2 6.9 Silver Spring-Frederick-Rockville 714,702 717,260 705,323 707,409 23,162 53,988 20,813 46,992 3.2 7.5 3.0 6.6 Washington-Arlington-Alexandria 2,812,804 2,748,051 2,768,762 2,723,965 93,007 221,239 90,338 188,107 3.3 8.1 3.3 6.9 Florida 10,372,151 10,053,887 10,353,589 10,137,020 350,600 1,169,778 341,558 779,311 3.4 11.6 3.3 7.7 Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach 3,165,320 3,052,189 3,157,142 3,064,740 96,275 409,777 95,162 259,325 3.0 13.4 3.0 8.5 Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach-Deerfield Beach 1,046,699 1,019,382 1,046,333 1,015,939 34,231 135,070 33,329 93,918 3.3 13.3 3.2 9.2 Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall 1,384,625 1,339,153 1,377,292 1,351,810 35,504 193,766 35,333 109,265 2.6 14.5 2.6 8.1 West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach 733,996 693,654 733,517 696,991 26,540 80,941 26,500 56,142 3.6 11.7 3.6 8.1 Illinois 6,534,712 6,326,578 6,459,291 6,349,369 276,947 728,120 257,769 691,640 4.2 11.5 4.0 10.9 Chicago-Naperville-Elgin 4,935,559 4,804,616 4,880,816 4,748,878 202,248 583,253 187,180 554,366 4.1 12.1 3.8 11.7 Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights 3,776,587 3,696,414 3,739,554 3,615,564 153,302 472,745 140,878 455,214 4.1 12.8 3.8 12.6 Elgin 334,425 314,009 328,335 327,319 14,381 32,961 13,339 31,077 4.3 10.5 4.1 9.5 Gary 345,937 342,075 342,866 339,640 15,750 36,486 14,812 29,204 4.6 10.7 4.3 8.6 Lake County-Kenosha County 478,610 452,118 470,061 466,355 18,815 41,061 18,151 38,871 3.9 9.1 3.9 8.3 Massachusetts 3,865,262 3,725,151 3,855,804 3,581,311 121,141 605,796 108,391 399,730 3.1 16.3 2.8 11.2 Boston-Cambridge-Nashua 2,858,404 2,750,717 2,853,234 2,655,254 82,841 427,053 74,105 285,575 2.9 15.5 2.6 10.8 Boston-Cambridge-Newton 1,709,002 1,634,837 1,706,129 1,575,798 46,711 254,162 40,992 168,463 2.7 15.5 2.4 10.7 Brockton-Bridgewater-Easton 112,504 112,027 112,401 106,832 4,069 21,626 3,637 14,349 3.6 19.3 3.2 13.4 Framingham 165,037 157,731 164,569 152,652 4,380 21,601 3,899 13,987 2.7 13.7 2.4 9.2 Haverhill-Newburyport-Amesbury Town 121,151 113,746 120,557 110,519 3,521 15,654 3,341 10,791 2.9 13.8 2.8 9.8 Lawrence-Methuen Town-Salem 100,273 102,287 100,141 96,969 4,110 22,001 3,852 15,072 4.1 21.5 3.8 15.5 Lowell-Billerica-Chelmsford 200,742 190,018 200,378 183,149 6,337 29,086 5,699 19,091 3.2 15.3 2.8 10.4 Lynn-Saugus-Marblehead 88,041 87,881 87,906 83,649 2,816 17,672 2,533 11,815 3.2 20.1 2.9 14.1 Nashua 178,889 171,958 178,537 172,286 5,063 14,712 4,905 11,934 2.8 8.6 2.7 6.9 Peabody-Salem-Beverly 95,039 94,037 94,843 90,811 2,775 15,631 2,438 10,279 2.9 16.6 2.6 11.3 Taunton-Middleborough-Norton 87,726 86,195 87,773 82,589 3,059 14,908 2,809 9,794 3.5 17.3 3.2 11.9 Michigan 4,995,452 4,871,057 4,965,356 4,941,320 252,608 465,161 209,484 439,661 5.1 9.5 4.2 8.9 Detroit-Warren-Dearborn 2,192,505 2,041,322 2,183,702 2,093,744 116,168 206,752 103,756 212,859 5.3 10.1 4.8 10.2 Detroit-Dearborn-Livonia 820,208 768,444 816,837 789,284 53,463 95,747 46,351 101,556 6.5 12.5 5.7 12.9 Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills 1,372,297 1,272,878 1,366,864 1,304,460 62,705 111,005 57,405 111,303 4.6 8.7 4.2 8.5 New York 9,596,950 9,687,509 9,539,835 9,521,651 400,342 1,547,731 393,551 1,200,119 4.2 16.0 4.1 12.6 New York-Newark-Jersey City 10,041,853 10,110,120 9,973,169 9,963,468 401,529 1,666,191 390,189 1,294,663 4.0 16.5 3.9 13.0 Dutchess County-Putnam County 198,029 200,860 195,451 196,081 7,466 24,924 7,468 18,368 3.8 12.4 3.8 9.4 Nassau County-Suffolk County 1,512,591 1,554,560 1,499,508 1,516,183 57,888 214,216 58,482 159,549 3.8 13.8 3.9 10.5 Newark 1,252,776 1,276,765 1,243,940 1,252,633 49,583 179,831 46,985 136,324 4.0 14.1 3.8 10.9 New York-Jersey City-White Plains 7,078,457 7,077,935 7,034,270 6,998,571 286,592 1,247,220 277,254 980,422 4.0 17.6 3.9 14.0 Pennsylvania 6,581,549 6,458,600 6,542,283 6,337,905 321,521 824,771 314,579 664,889 4.9 12.8 4.8 10.5 Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington 3,155,369 3,159,501 3,140,341 3,106,530 146,781 421,434 144,876 337,306 4.7 13.3 4.6 10.9 Camden 636,033 656,301 635,863 650,262 26,049 88,262 24,808 65,250 4.1 13.4 3.9 10.0 Montgomery County-Bucks County-Chester County 1,111,446 1,060,899 1,100,898 1,044,681 44,932 116,192 43,790 92,261 4.0 11.0 4.0 8.8 Philadelphia 1,025,225 1,049,910 1,022,756 1,025,206 59,498 175,221 60,025 144,848 5.8 16.7 5.9 14.1 Wilmington 382,665 392,391 380,824 386,381 16,302 41,759 16,253 34,947 4.3 10.6 4.3 9.0 Texas 14,064,960 13,858,302 14,030,092 14,325,524 540,487 1,151,623 523,448 996,264 3.8 8.3 3.7 7.0 Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington 3,987,104 3,949,765 3,977,030 4,085,756 141,791 299,657 137,239 256,982 3.6 7.6 3.5 6.3 Dallas-Plano-Irving 2,688,517 2,668,923 2,682,143 2,767,924 95,447 200,541 92,593 171,893 3.6 7.5 3.5 6.2 Fort Worth-Arlington 1,298,587 1,280,842 1,294,887 1,317,832 46,344 99,116 44,646 85,089 3.6 7.7 3.4 6.5 Washington 3,944,959 3,989,011 3,930,563 3,963,255 164,164 400,223 160,846 333,170 4.2 10.0 4.1 8.4 Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue 2,179,576 2,194,244 2,180,017 2,192,099 75,320 201,704 71,067 174,120 3.5 9.2 3.3 7.9 Seattle-Bellevue-Everett 1,740,245 1,725,595 1,739,556 1,731,837 53,191 144,891 48,753 127,701 3.1 8.4 2.8 7.4 Tacoma-Lakewood 439,331 468,649 440,461 460,262 22,129 56,813 22,314 46,419 5.0 12.1 5.1 10.1 NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Area delineations are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city. Metropolitan divisions are listed under their metropolitan areas. Some divisions lie in more than one state, and some, like Camden, NJ, are totally outside the states under which their metropolitan areas are listed. For Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV, the metropolitan area and division titles are identical. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.



ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area, not seasonally adjusted [In thousands] State and area July August Change from

August 2019 to August 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 Number Percent Alabama 2,069.2 1,967.8 2,076.8 1,990.0 -86.8 -4.2 Anniston-Oxford-Jacksonville 47.2 43.4 47.3 43.8 -3.5 -7.4 Auburn-Opelika 67.0 62.0 67.3 64.1 -3.2 -4.8 Birmingham-Hoover 547.1 519.0 547.9 520.8 -27.1 -4.9 Daphne-Fairhope-Foley 82.7 79.3 81.5 78.7 -2.8 -3.4 Decatur 57.1 53.9 57.4 54.2 -3.2 -5.6 Dothan 60.2 57.7 59.9 58.0 -1.9 -3.2 Florence-Muscle Shoals 57.2 54.1 57.3 55.3 -2.0 -3.5 Gadsden 37.2 33.9 37.4 34.3 -3.1 -8.3 Huntsville 244.1 232.1 245.4 234.8 -10.6 -4.3 Mobile 184.9 173.4 186.5 174.3 -12.2 -6.5 Montgomery 177.3 166.3 177.2 166.4 -10.8 -6.1 Tuscaloosa 111.1 105.8 112.8 108.5 -4.3 -3.8

Alaska 355.4 312.2 351.6 311.8 -39.8 -11.3 Anchorage 180.7 166.3 180.4 166.6 -13.8 -7.6 Fairbanks 39.0 35.9 39.5 36.7 -2.8 -7.1

Arizona 2,860.2 2,757.0 2,936.4 2,836.2 -100.2 -3.4 Flagstaff 66.6 55.7 68.3 57.7 -10.6 -15.5 Lake Havasu City-Kingman 51.5 48.9 52.4 50.1 -2.3 -4.4 Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale 2,123.5 2,050.7 2,179.3 2,102.0 -77.3 -3.5 Prescott 64.4 64.0 66.1 65.6 -0.5 -0.8 Sierra Vista-Douglas 32.6 33.9 33.3 34.7 1.4 4.2 Tucson 377.4 364.3 386.2 373.2 -13.0 -3.4 Yuma 54.1 52.0 55.4 54.1 -1.3 -2.3

Arkansas 1,257.2 1,202.3 1,265.8 1,220.3 -45.5 -3.6 Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers 259.3 254.1 262.1 257.8 -4.3 -1.6 Fort Smith 111.4 107.4 112.6 109.3 -3.3 -2.9 Hot Springs 39.4 38.0 39.4 38.4 -1.0 -2.5 Jonesboro 59.2 59.1 59.5 59.7 0.2 0.3 Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway 361.5 341.2 364.0 345.1 -18.9 -5.2 Pine Bluff 31.9 30.7 32.4 31.0 -1.4 -4.3

California 17,310.9 15,646.0 17,423.9 15,797.4 -1,626.5 -9.3 Bakersfield 266.5 241.6 273.3 249.1 -24.2 -8.9 Chico 78.9 70.8 79.7 72.9 -6.8 -8.5 El Centro 50.8 47.8 52.0 49.0 -3.0 -5.8 Fresno 356.8 329.8 361.7 336.5 -25.2 -7.0 Hanford-Corcoran 40.7 38.4 41.6 38.5 -3.1 -7.5 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim 6,186.0 5,563.6 6,211.8 5,578.8 -633.0 -10.2 Madera 38.6 36.6 39.4 38.3 -1.1 -2.8 Merced 66.5 62.1 70.2 65.1 -5.1 -7.3 Modesto 180.3 163.3 181.9 166.2 -15.7 -8.6 Napa 75.6 67.9 76.4 68.6 -7.8 -10.2 Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura 309.4 281.4 310.1 285.1 -25.0 -8.1 Redding 67.6 63.0 69.3 64.5 -4.8 -6.9 Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario 1,530.1 1,391.7 1,539.4 1,407.1 -132.3 -8.6 Sacramento--Roseville--Arden-Arcade 1,016.0 923.0 1,022.4 934.5 -87.9 -8.6 Salinas 144.3 126.5 145.6 128.6 -17.0 -11.7 San Diego-Carlsbad 1,499.4 1,350.8 1,507.1 1,371.3 -135.8 -9.0 San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward 2,484.3 2,196.4 2,494.7 2,213.1 -281.6 -11.3 San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara 1,149.1 1,051.2 1,154.3 1,057.7 -96.6 -8.4 San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles-Arroyo Grande 118.3 103.6 118.9 103.5 -15.4 -13.0 Santa Cruz-Watsonville 103.4 89.8 104.5 92.8 -11.7 -11.2 Santa Maria-Santa Barbara 186.0 164.8 187.1 169.1 -18.0 -9.6 Santa Rosa 208.9 188.8 211.9 192.4 -19.5 -9.2 Stockton-Lodi 244.8 221.2 250.0 227.7 -22.3 -8.9 Vallejo-Fairfield 142.7 126.5 143.8 129.2 -14.6 -10.2 Visalia-Porterville 126.2 117.4 129.1 119.0 -10.1 -7.8 Yuba City 45.3 40.0 46.9 40.9 -6.0 -12.8

Colorado 2,804.6 2,630.3 2,815.1 2,662.4 -152.7 -5.4 Boulder 196.2 181.1 200.4 185.2 -15.2 -7.6 Colorado Springs 299.9 291.4 301.5 294.5 -7.0 -2.3 Denver-Aurora-Lakewood 1,551.2 1,466.4 1,555.0 1,483.4 -71.6 -4.6 Fort Collins 174.2 161.5 174.2 164.2 -10.0 -5.7 Grand Junction 65.0 63.5 65.7 64.9 -0.8 -1.2 Greeley 112.5 105.8 114.0 107.5 -6.5 -5.7 Pueblo 63.2 60.6 63.5 61.3 -2.2 -3.5

Connecticut 1,680.9 1,542.6 1,672.3 1,557.3 -115.0 -6.9 Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk 409.8 360.9 404.5 361.1 -43.4 -10.7 Danbury 77.8 71.6 77.4 72.5 -4.9 -6.3 Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford 578.3 536.6 573.9 541.6 -32.3 -5.6 New Haven 285.2 266.7 285.9 271.3 -14.6 -5.1 Norwich-New London-Westerly 131.2 113.6 130.6 114.7 -15.9 -12.2 Waterbury 67.6 59.7 66.9 61.2 -5.7 -8.5

Delaware 470.9 427.3 469.2 427.9 -41.3 -8.8 Dover 70.0 68.3 70.0 68.7 -1.3 -1.9 Salisbury 177.4 158.0 175.7 158.9 -16.8 -9.6

District of Columbia 808.2 754.4 793.7 740.5 -53.2 -6.7 Washington-Arlington-Alexandria 3,371.8 3,128.1 3,345.9 3,144.5 -201.4 -6.0

Florida 8,821.7 8,348.4 8,937.0 8,479.8 -457.2 -5.1 Cape Coral-Fort Myers 270.6 256.0 273.0 262.2 -10.8 -4.0 Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin 120.8 112.6 120.3 113.2 -7.1 -5.9 Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach 202.8 195.6 204.9 199.2 -5.7 -2.8 Gainesville 143.2 136.2 144.3 138.6 -5.7 -4.0 Homosassa Springs 32.1 30.9 33.1 32.3 -0.8 -2.4 Jacksonville 718.5 692.0 726.1 700.2 -25.9 -3.6 Lakeland-Winter Haven 230.7 220.9 235.4 227.2 -8.2 -3.5 Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach 2,678.9 2,479.6 2,714.4 2,507.4 -207.0 -7.6 Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island 149.2 142.9 150.7 145.7 -5.0 -3.3 North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton 307.2 291.0 309.5 292.8 -16.7 -5.4 Ocala 105.4 104.7 106.7 106.4 -0.3 -0.3 Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford 1,314.2 1,195.4 1,330.0 1,209.8 -120.2 -9.0 Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville 230.4 224.5 232.7 227.3 -5.4 -2.3 Panama City 81.7 77.8 81.7 78.0 -3.7 -4.5 Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent 185.1 177.1 186.7 179.0 -7.7 -4.1 Port St. Lucie 152.0 147.9 154.5 151.6 -2.9 -1.9 Punta Gorda 48.5 48.1 49.4 49.1 -0.3 -0.6 Sebastian-Vero Beach 53.3 51.2 53.7 51.4 -2.3 -4.3 Sebring 25.4 25.3 25.8 25.7 -0.1 -0.4 Tallahassee 181.7 170.5 182.9 172.8 -10.1 -5.5 Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater 1,368.7 1,307.5 1,383.0 1,324.0 -59.0 -4.3 The Villages 30.6 30.9 31.6 31.7 0.1 0.3

Georgia 4,586.9 4,387.7 4,624.3 4,429.6 -194.7 -4.2 Albany 62.4 59.8 62.9 60.3 -2.6 -4.1 Athens-Clarke County 95.0 91.5 95.9 92.5 -3.4 -3.5 Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell 2,838.2 2,702.0 2,852.7 2,726.2 -126.5 -4.4 Augusta-Richmond County 240.3 228.2 242.2 230.3 -11.9 -4.9 Brunswick 45.2 38.5 45.5 38.6 -6.9 -15.2 Columbus 121.0 114.4 121.6 115.7 -5.9 -4.9 Dalton 66.2 62.3 66.4 63.1 -3.3 -5.0 Gainesville 92.8 89.5 93.8 90.3 -3.5 -3.7 Hinesville 21.1 21.2 21.5 21.6 0.1 0.5 Macon-Bibb County 102.4 96.8 103.0 98.0 -5.0 -4.9 Rome 41.8 41.5 41.8 41.9 0.1 0.2 Savannah 186.3 175.0 186.6 177.2 -9.4 -5.0 Valdosta 55.8 54.4 56.3 55.6 -0.7 -1.2 Warner Robins 77.1 72.0 77.5 73.2 -4.3 -5.5

Hawaii 646.0 541.2 646.2 540.6 -105.6 -16.3 Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina 79.7 57.3 80.0 57.5 -22.5 -28.1 Urban Honolulu 463.7 399.4 464.1 399.0 -65.1 -14.0

Idaho 767.5 761.5 767.6 764.0 -3.6 -0.5 Boise City 345.2 346.5 347.8 348.3 0.5 0.1 Coeur d'Alene 69.8 66.1 70.0 66.1 -3.9 -5.6 Idaho Falls 70.8 74.7 71.0 74.1 3.1 4.4 Lewiston 28.4 26.4 28.3 26.4 -1.9 -6.7 Pocatello 36.8 34.9 36.8 35.3 -1.5 -4.1 Twin Falls 47.4 46.8 47.5 47.9 0.4 0.8

Illinois 6,134.9 5,648.0 6,143.2 5,705.9 -437.3 -7.1 Bloomington 90.0 83.5 91.4 85.2 -6.2 -6.8 Carbondale-Marion 56.7 54.0 56.9 54.2 -2.7 -4.7 Champaign-Urbana 108.7 104.5 107.9 103.3 -4.6 -4.3 Chicago-Naperville-Elgin 4,796.4 4,399.7 4,797.0 4,430.4 -366.6 -7.6 Danville 27.3 25.5 27.1 25.9 -1.2 -4.4 Davenport-Moline-Rock Island 189.2 172.5 189.3 174.5 -14.8 -7.8 Decatur 50.7 45.2 50.9 46.6 -4.3 -8.4 Kankakee 45.9 43.7 46.0 44.1 -1.9 -4.1 Peoria 171.9 152.3 172.5 153.5 -19.0 -11.0 Rockford 150.0 137.1 150.8 138.9 -11.9 -7.9 Springfield 109.9 102.4 112.1 104.2 -7.9 -7.0

Indiana 3,116.5 2,983.5 3,167.2 3,056.1 -111.1 -3.5 Bloomington 72.8 71.1 75.3 75.1 -0.2 -0.3 Columbus 52.9 49.4 53.8 50.7 -3.1 -5.8 Elkhart-Goshen 130.8 123.8 137.4 126.1 -11.3 -8.2 Evansville 161.4 158.5 162.3 160.6 -1.7 -1.0 Fort Wayne 225.9 212.9 228.7 218.9 -9.8 -4.3 Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson 1,084.5 1,043.5 1,096.7 1,065.6 -31.1 -2.8 Kokomo 39.7 38.9 40.7 39.5 -1.2 -2.9 Lafayette-West Lafayette 103.1 96.1 104.7 97.0 -7.7 -7.4 Michigan City-La Porte 41.6 39.4 41.8 39.9 -1.9 -4.5 Muncie 48.0 46.4 49.1 46.0 -3.1 -6.3 South Bend-Mishawaka 140.7 128.4 141.9 130.9 -11.0 -7.8 Terre Haute 68.4 64.6 69.5 66.6 -2.9 -4.2

Iowa 1,579.2 1,484.3 1,580.1 1,488.9 -91.2 -5.8 Ames 48.8 47.8 48.6 49.7 1.1 2.3 Cedar Rapids 145.0 135.8 145.6 135.4 -10.2 -7.0 Des Moines-West Des Moines 373.6 349.4 375.9 350.2 -25.7 -6.8 Dubuque 60.1 55.9 60.2 55.8 -4.4 -7.3 Iowa City 99.9 96.9 101.4 98.1 -3.3 -3.3 Sioux City 88.0 85.5 88.0 85.6 -2.4 -2.7 Waterloo-Cedar Falls 88.7 84.9 88.7 85.7 -3.0 -3.4

Kansas 1,404.6 1,339.8 1,418.5 1,355.3 -63.2 -4.5 Lawrence 48.6 46.5 52.3 50.1 -2.2 -4.2 Manhattan 39.2 35.3 41.0 39.0 -2.0 -4.9 Topeka 111.6 106.7 112.1 107.4 -4.7 -4.2 Wichita 302.0 286.3 303.9 289.1 -14.8 -4.9

Kentucky 1,930.2 1,779.7 1,941.1 1,819.1 -122.0 -6.3 Bowling Green 74.7 65.9 76.4 68.1 -8.3 -10.9 Elizabethtown-Fort Knox 57.1 52.1 57.1 52.2 -4.9 -8.6 Lexington-Fayette 275.4 255.1 278.4 261.4 -17.0 -6.1 Louisville/Jefferson County 673.3 625.4 677.2 639.0 -38.2 -5.6 Owensboro 53.8 51.0 54.0 50.4 -3.6 -6.7

Louisiana 1,960.3 1,822.3 1,979.3 1,845.4 -133.9 -6.8 Alexandria 61.7 58.4 61.9 59.1 -2.8 -4.5 Baton Rouge 403.4 375.1 408.5 386.5 -22.0 -5.4 Hammond 45.2 42.7 46.0 43.4 -2.6 -5.7 Houma-Thibodaux 87.4 81.5 88.2 82.9 -5.3 -6.0 Lafayette 202.6 191.6 204.0 192.1 -11.9 -5.8 Lake Charles 112.9 98.1 113.3 99.1 -14.2 -12.5 Monroe 77.7 77.2 77.5 78.1 0.6 0.8 New Orleans-Metairie 574.7 509.5 580.3 513.7 -66.6 -11.5 Shreveport-Bossier City 180.3 168.3 180.6 169.9 -10.7 -5.9

Maine 651.3 589.5 652.0 594.2 -57.8 -8.9 Bangor 67.8 63.7 68.1 63.8 -4.3 -6.3 Lewiston-Auburn 50.6 48.4 50.7 49.0 -1.7 -3.4 Portland-South Portland 218.9 198.3 218.2 200.8 -17.4 -8.0

Maryland 2,778.3 2,577.1 2,770.6 2,593.7 -176.9 -6.4 Baltimore-Columbia-Towson 1,426.1 1,332.4 1,425.6 1,342.0 -83.6 -5.9 California-Lexington Park 47.6 43.2 47.5 43.7 -3.8 -8.0 Cumberland 39.0 34.8 38.8 35.4 -3.4 -8.8 Hagerstown-Martinsburg 105.1 96.6 104.9 96.9 -8.0 -7.6

Massachusetts 3,726.5 3,279.0 3,708.2 3,314.5 -393.7 -10.6 Barnstable Town 123.6 98.8 121.7 99.0 -22.7 -18.7 Boston-Cambridge-Nashua 2,826.4 2,487.8 2,817.0 2,518.0 -299.0 -10.6 Leominster-Gardner 52.9 48.1 52.4 48.4 -4.0 -7.6 New Bedford 67.3 59.5 66.8 60.5 -6.3 -9.4 Pittsfield 43.3 36.5 43.0 37.1 -5.9 -13.7 Springfield 334.2 286.2 332.6 291.2 -41.4 -12.4 Worcester 287.2 263.6 287.0 267.4 -19.6 -6.8

Michigan 4,411.2 3,924.8 4,437.9 3,983.1 -454.8 -10.2 Ann Arbor 222.6 210.7 223.9 214.1 -9.8 -4.4 Battle Creek 57.1 49.4 57.4 50.3 -7.1 -12.4 Bay City 35.2 30.6 35.3 30.9 -4.4 -12.5 Detroit-Warren-Dearborn 2,029.9 1,799.9 2,043.7 1,825.2 -218.5 -10.7 Flint 141.1 125.6 142.8 127.1 -15.7 -11.0 Grand Rapids-Wyoming 562.2 509.1 565.6 518.9 -46.7 -8.3 Jackson 57.7 51.8 58.2 52.3 -5.9 -10.1 Kalamazoo-Portage 147.1 135.5 148.0 138.0 -10.0 -6.8 Lansing-East Lansing 229.4 205.8 229.8 208.2 -21.6 -9.4 Midland 37.5 33.7 37.6 34.3 -3.3 -8.8 Monroe 40.4 34.4 40.5 35.0 -5.5 -13.6 Muskegon 65.2 56.7 65.4 57.0 -8.4 -12.8 Niles-Benton Harbor 63.5 57.8 63.1 58.4 -4.7 -7.4 Saginaw 87.3 77.3 87.8 77.9 -9.9 -11.3

Minnesota 3,003.0 2,748.9 3,005.1 2,786.1 -219.0 -7.3 Duluth 135.8 123.1 135.1 124.4 -10.7 -7.9 Mankato-North Mankato 56.3 55.5 57.3 55.3 -2.0 -3.5 Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington 2,048.3 1,871.0 2,049.9 1,897.7 -152.2 -7.4 Rochester 125.7 116.0 125.9 117.9 -8.0 -6.4 St. Cloud 110.3 106.6 110.5 107.1 -3.4 -3.1

Mississippi 1,143.9 1,105.5 1,157.2 1,126.5 -30.7 -2.7 Gulfport-Biloxi-Pascagoula 156.8 150.8 157.3 153.7 -3.6 -2.3 Hattiesburg 63.9 62.1 64.7 63.3 -1.4 -2.2 Jackson 277.4 263.8 279.1 266.7 -12.4 -4.4

Missouri 2,886.3 2,742.6 2,897.5 2,757.0 -140.5 -4.8 Cape Girardeau 43.2 38.8 44.4 40.2 -4.2 -9.5 Columbia 96.5 94.4 97.9 94.7 -3.2 -3.3 Jefferson City 77.7 75.2 78.1 74.6 -3.5 -4.5 Joplin 79.7 76.6 80.7 77.9 -2.8 -3.5 Kansas City 1,089.6 1,045.2 1,098.2 1,051.9 -46.3 -4.2 St. Joseph 62.4 60.2 62.2 60.1 -2.1 -3.4 St. Louis 1,388.9 1,309.2 1,395.8 1,317.0 -78.8 -5.6 Springfield 216.3 209.6 215.0 209.6 -5.4 -2.5

Montana 492.2 470.0 493.6 470.7 -22.9 -4.6 Billings 85.4 82.9 86.1 83.7 -2.4 -2.8 Great Falls 35.4 34.6 35.7 35.0 -0.7 -2.0 Missoula 62.1 62.0 63.0 62.5 -0.5 -0.8

Nebraska 1,026.5 987.0 1,028.6 990.9 -37.7 -3.7 Grand Island 42.0 40.4 41.9 39.7 -2.2 -5.3 Lincoln 190.8 188.8 192.1 189.6 -2.5 -1.3 Omaha-Council Bluffs 507.6 484.5 508.5 488.7 -19.8 -3.9

Nevada 1,412.5 1,278.1 1,421.1 1,289.0 -132.1 -9.3 Carson City 30.8 29.4 31.0 29.6 -1.4 -4.5 Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise 1,028.4 899.9 1,034.8 908.5 -126.3 -12.2 Reno 246.1 230.3 247.5 233.0 -14.5 -5.9

New Hampshire 684.3 618.5 685.1 630.2 -54.9 -8.0 Dover-Durham 53.3 47.3 53.3 48.4 -4.9 -9.2 Manchester 115.4 105.8 114.8 107.3 -7.5 -6.5 Portsmouth 97.7 85.3 97.1 87.1 -10.0 -10.3

New Jersey 4,211.1 3,760.6 4,195.6 3,814.6 -381.0 -9.1 Atlantic City-Hammonton 136.4 108.7 136.2 112.3 -23.9 -17.5 Ocean City 58.5 41.0 56.6 42.2 -14.4 -25.4 Trenton 278.2 256.9 279.5 259.0 -20.5 -7.3 Vineland-Bridgeton 57.0 53.9 57.2 54.6 -2.6 -4.5

New Mexico 850.1 781.5 861.3 790.8 -70.5 -8.2 Albuquerque 397.9 369.2 400.3 377.4 -22.9 -5.7 Farmington 46.7 42.4 46.7 43.4 -3.3 -7.1 Las Cruces 71.0 66.2 73.3 66.4 -6.9 -9.4 Santa Fe 65.7 57.5 65.4 58.1 -7.3 -11.2

New York 9,802.8 8,446.7 9,767.8 8,571.3 -1,196.5 -12.2 Albany-Schenectady-Troy 468.5 421.9 468.7 424.5 -44.2 -9.4 Binghamton 102.0 93.8 102.0 94.6 -7.4 -7.3 Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls 562.3 504.2 563.5 509.7 -53.8 -9.5 Elmira 36.2 35.1 35.8 35.5 -0.3 -0.8 Glens Falls 58.8 49.1 59.0 49.5 -9.5 -16.1 Ithaca 61.0 58.2 61.2 58.9 -2.3 -3.8 Kingston 62.2 57.6 61.9 58.3 -3.6 -5.8 New York-Newark-Jersey City 9,980.6 8,618.4 9,928.7 8,752.6 -1,176.1 -11.8 Rochester 534.8 465.7 534.0 470.5 -63.5 -11.9 Syracuse 321.7 282.4 321.7 283.6 -38.1 -11.8 Utica-Rome 128.8 115.1 128.9 115.5 -13.4 -10.4 Watertown-Fort Drum 42.6 35.5 42.2 36.2 -6.0 -14.2

North Carolina 4,518.2 4,187.9 4,579.1 4,263.3 -315.8 -6.9 Asheville 196.6 174.8 198.1 177.9 -20.2 -10.2 Burlington 63.2 59.1 63.9 60.4 -3.5 -5.5 Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia 1,224.3 1,128.0 1,241.1 1,147.8 -93.3 -7.5 Durham-Chapel Hill 316.7 288.8 322.4 296.6 -25.8 -8.0 Fayetteville 128.2 115.4 129.9 118.4 -11.5 -8.9 Goldsboro 40.2 35.8 40.7 36.9 -3.8 -9.3 Greensboro-High Point 355.0 325.0 362.2 330.5 -31.7 -8.8 Greenville 78.2 72.8 79.2 73.2 -6.0 -7.6 Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton 153.0 137.0 154.8 139.0 -15.8 -10.2 Jacksonville 47.2 45.2 50.0 48.1 -1.9 -3.8 New Bern 45.2 41.8 45.3 42.1 -3.2 -7.1 Raleigh 647.4 589.7 653.2 596.9 -56.3 -8.6 Rocky Mount 54.7 50.9 55.3 51.5 -3.8 -6.9 Wilmington 133.4 120.9 134.9 122.1 -12.8 -9.5 Winston-Salem 267.3 242.3 269.5 248.5 -21.0 -7.8

North Dakota 439.1 406.7 439.6 409.5 -30.1 -6.8 Bismarck 73.1 69.3 72.6 69.6 -3.0 -4.1 Fargo 142.9 138.9 143.5 139.7 -3.8 -2.6 Grand Forks 53.1 51.1 53.3 51.1 -2.2 -4.1

Ohio 5,609.0 5,120.6 5,616.4 5,173.2 -443.2 -7.9 Akron 339.5 305.3 340.2 307.2 -33.0 -9.7 Canton-Massillon 173.4 159.0 173.6 159.8 -13.8 -7.9 Cincinnati 1,115.7 1,044.5 1,118.7 1,057.1 -61.6 -5.5 Cleveland-Elyria 1,089.2 962.5 1,089.2 969.7 -119.5 -11.0 Columbus 1,116.3 1,017.6 1,118.7 1,028.5 -90.2 -8.1 Dayton 392.4 365.9 393.1 368.9 -24.2 -6.2 Lima 53.1 49.0 53.3 49.1 -4.2 -7.9 Mansfield 51.9 48.0 51.9 48.3 -3.6 -6.9 Springfield 49.0 46.4 49.7 47.0 -2.7 -5.4 Toledo 309.0 285.4 309.4 286.0 -23.4 -7.6 Weirton-Steubenville 40.6 37.4 41.0 37.9 -3.1 -7.6 Youngstown-Warren-Boardman 216.3 190.2 216.4 189.9 -26.5 -12.2

Oklahoma 1,686.5 1,600.2 1,693.5 1,614.8 -78.7 -4.6 Enid 25.5 23.3 25.4 23.3 -2.1 -8.3 Lawton 44.7 43.1 44.7 43.6 -1.1 -2.5 Oklahoma City 650.3 625.7 653.9 633.6 -20.3 -3.1 Tulsa 458.8 433.1 460.3 434.7 -25.6 -5.6

Oregon 1,931.6 1,788.1 1,940.2 1,798.7 -141.5 -7.3 Albany 45.2 43.7 45.5 44.2 -1.3 -2.9 Bend-Redmond 88.2 79.4 88.4 80.1 -8.3 -9.4 Corvallis 41.1 37.9 41.3 37.5 -3.8 -9.2 Eugene 160.7 155.4 161.1 156.8 -4.3 -2.7 Grants Pass 27.3 24.9 27.8 25.1 -2.7 -9.7 Medford 88.1 83.0 88.2 84.3 -3.9 -4.4 Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro 1,218.9 1,120.2 1,222.9 1,126.8 -96.1 -7.9 Salem 169.0 154.7 170.2 156.1 -14.1 -8.3

Pennsylvania 6,040.8 5,501.5 6,049.2 5,546.2 -503.0 -8.3 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton 377.9 351.1 378.2 354.6 -23.6 -6.2 Altoona 61.2 56.7 61.5 57.4 -4.1 -6.7 Bloomsburg-Berwick 42.0 41.5 42.5 41.6 -0.9 -2.1 Chambersburg-Waynesboro 61.2 58.0 61.9 58.5 -3.4 -5.5 East Stroudsburg 60.2 52.0 59.9 52.3 -7.6 -12.7 Erie 127.0 114.4 127.4 114.5 -12.9 -10.1 Gettysburg 34.5 33.5 34.8 33.7 -1.1 -3.2 Harrisburg-Carlisle 354.5 335.3 354.9 337.3 -17.6 -5.0 Johnstown 53.1 48.5 53.2 49.2 -4.0 -7.5 Lancaster 259.1 252.1 259.7 254.3 -5.4 -2.1 Lebanon 53.9 50.0 53.8 50.1 -3.7 -6.9 Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington 2,961.9 2,705.7 2,961.9 2,733.5 -228.4 -7.7 Pittsburgh 1,193.3 1,085.2 1,192.0 1,091.6 -100.4 -8.4 Reading 181.0 179.3 181.0 179.6 -1.4 -0.8 Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton 260.6 230.9 261.6 235.1 -26.5 -10.1 State College 75.6 71.1 79.1 74.2 -4.9 -6.2 Williamsport 52.7 45.7 53.2 46.4 -6.8 -12.8 York-Hanover 187.5 175.0 187.9 176.6 -11.3 -6.0

Rhode Island 503.7 460.4 503.9 467.2 -36.7 -7.3 Providence-Warwick 597.2 548.0 597.6 556.2 -41.4 -6.9

South Carolina 2,189.8 2,078.0 2,196.8 2,094.1 -102.7 -4.7 Charleston-North Charleston 377.9 349.0 378.6 350.6 -28.0 -7.4 Columbia 401.9 380.8 404.5 382.7 -21.8 -5.4 Florence 92.1 89.6 92.5 89.5 -3.0 -3.2 Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin 431.9 412.6 432.5 418.2 -14.3 -3.3 Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort 86.2 81.0 86.1 83.6 -2.5 -2.9 Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach 184.3 161.3 181.6 161.6 -20.0 -11.0 Spartanburg 161.3 148.9 163.0 152.2 -10.8 -6.6 Sumter 39.4 37.3 39.4 37.8 -1.6 -4.1

South Dakota 445.4 424.5 446.6 426.7 -19.9 -4.5 Rapid City 71.8 66.3 72.9 66.3 -6.6 -9.1 Sioux Falls 161.7 155.2 161.7 156.2 -5.5 -3.4

Tennessee 3,092.7 2,939.3 3,125.6 2,977.2 -148.4 -4.7 Chattanooga 264.9 263.1 267.5 263.6 -3.9 -1.5 Clarksville 92.2 87.0 94.0 89.3 -4.7 -5.0 Cleveland 47.6 47.4 49.4 48.4 -1.0 -2.0 Jackson 69.0 65.5 69.5 66.2 -3.3 -4.7 Johnson City 78.9 75.4 80.3 76.3 -4.0 -5.0 Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol 118.7 111.8 121.2 113.7 -7.5 -6.2 Knoxville 400.5 389.1 405.3 393.5 -11.8 -2.9 Memphis 649.4 610.4 656.7 618.9 -37.8 -5.8 Morristown 46.2 46.0 46.6 45.8 -0.8 -1.7 Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin 1,038.9 970.2 1,051.8 987.2 -64.6 -6.1

Texas 12,765.8 12,079.5 12,807.5 12,178.7 -628.8 -4.9 Abilene 72.1 69.2 72.5 69.8 -2.7 -3.7 Amarillo 120.3 112.6 120.7 113.1 -7.6 -6.3 Austin-Round Rock 1,114.7 1,068.0 1,117.6 1,087.8 -29.8 -2.7 Beaumont-Port Arthur 162.7 149.9 163.9 150.3 -13.6 -8.3 Brownsville-Harlingen 144.3 135.1 144.8 136.8 -8.0 -5.5 College Station-Bryan 117.7 118.4 118.2 119.8 1.6 1.4 Corpus Christi 193.2 179.0 194.1 180.4 -13.7 -7.1 Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington 3,780.6 3,627.5 3,797.8 3,657.5 -140.3 -3.7 El Paso 320.4 304.3 323.0 308.8 -14.2 -4.4 Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land 3,146.6 2,962.2 3,150.3 2,967.5 -182.8 -5.8 Killeen-Temple 144.6 139.2 144.8 140.6 -4.2 -2.9 Laredo 107.1 99.9 108.0 100.6 -7.4 -6.9 Longview 99.6 91.5 100.2 92.6 -7.6 -7.6 Lubbock 149.5 142.4 150.8 143.2 -7.6 -5.0 McAllen-Edinburg-Mission 264.5 253.5 269.1 254.8 -14.3 -5.3 Midland 115.6 98.7 115.2 99.8 -15.4 -13.4 Odessa 83.7 73.3 83.3 73.1 -10.2 -12.2 San Angelo 49.4 45.3 49.7 45.4 -4.3 -8.7 San Antonio-New Braunfels 1,076.9 1,023.5 1,080.1 1,033.2 -46.9 -4.3 Sherman-Denison 48.9 47.8 48.6 47.5 -1.1 -2.3 Texarkana 59.8 58.4 60.0 59.1 -0.9 -1.5 Tyler 106.0 101.8 106.4 102.8 -3.6 -3.4 Victoria 41.6 38.6 41.7 38.7 -3.0 -7.2 Waco 123.4 120.3 123.4 122.1 -1.3 -1.1 Wichita Falls 59.7 55.6 59.6 56.4 -3.2 -5.4

Utah 1,544.3 1,519.8 1,559.3 1,534.0 -25.3 -1.6 Logan 60.2 60.9 61.0 61.9 0.9 1.5 Ogden-Clearfield 268.7 269.6 269.9 271.7 1.8 0.7 Provo-Orem 262.6 263.2 267.3 268.3 1.0 0.4 St. George 69.4 68.8 71.1 69.7 -1.4 -2.0 Salt Lake City 750.0 720.6 756.5 722.0 -34.5 -4.6

Vermont 312.1 274.9 313.7 279.8 -33.9 -10.8 Burlington-South Burlington 124.8 108.9 126.3 110.6 -15.7 -12.4

Virginia 4,066.6 3,788.8 4,064.6 3,845.9 -218.7 -5.4 Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford 75.3 69.1 77.5 73.9 -3.6 -4.6 Charlottesville 119.1 113.2 118.3 114.4 -3.9 -3.3 Harrisonburg 67.3 63.1 67.1 63.7 -3.4 -5.1 Lynchburg 104.4 99.1 105.4 100.6 -4.8 -4.6 Richmond 686.7 642.3 686.3 649.8 -36.5 -5.3 Roanoke 161.7 151.5 162.8 153.2 -9.6 -5.9 Staunton-Waynesboro 51.4 52.5 51.5 52.7 1.2 2.3 Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News 800.2 754.5 800.4 760.1 -40.3 -5.0 Winchester 65.6 60.1 66.1 60.2 -5.9 -8.9

Washington 3,493.7 3,247.7 3,492.9 3,280.0 -212.9 -6.1 Bellingham 95.0 90.5 94.3 91.6 -2.7 -2.9 Bremerton-Silverdale 96.0 92.0 95.8 94.4 -1.4 -1.5 Kennewick-Richland 120.4 116.4 119.8 117.4 -2.4 -2.0 Longview 41.2 39.7 41.2 40.4 -0.8 -1.9 Mount Vernon-Anacortes 52.9 49.1 52.9 49.7 -3.2 -6.0 Olympia-Tumwater 120.6 114.9 120.6 115.4 -5.2 -4.3 Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue 2,111.5 1,937.3 2,110.6 1,950.8 -159.8 -7.6 Spokane-Spokane Valley 254.7 235.3 254.7 234.1 -20.6 -8.1 Walla Walla 27.6 26.8 27.7 27.1 -0.6 -2.2 Wenatchee 48.0 43.6 47.3 44.2 -3.1 -6.6 Yakima 87.5 83.2 87.0 84.7 -2.3 -2.6

West Virginia 715.1 663.7 720.5 670.9 -49.6 -6.9 Beckley 44.7 42.5 45.0 42.7 -2.3 -5.1 Charleston 108.9 100.2 109.5 101.0 -8.5 -7.8 Huntington-Ashland 132.8 127.4 134.2 129.0 -5.2 -3.9 Morgantown 69.0 65.0 70.8 67.1 -3.7 -5.2 Parkersburg-Vienna 38.0 36.3 38.4 36.8 -1.6 -4.2 Wheeling 66.5 56.9 65.7 56.9 -8.8 -13.4

Wisconsin 3,004.9 2,742.2 2,997.5 2,765.5 -232.0 -7.7 Appleton 129.0 116.6 128.4 118.2 -10.2 -7.9 Eau Claire 86.6 79.8 87.1 81.1 -6.0 -6.9 Fond du Lac 49.3 47.2 49.0 47.4 -1.6 -3.3 Green Bay 181.0 169.6 181.0 170.9 -10.1 -5.6 Janesville-Beloit 71.4 64.2 70.8 65.4 -5.4 -7.6 La Crosse-Onalaska 77.5 71.6 77.9 71.7 -6.2 -8.0 Madison 412.7 368.4 411.0 367.4 -43.6 -10.6 Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis 877.5 811.7 878.9 816.3 -62.6 -7.1 Oshkosh-Neenah 97.1 91.2 96.4 92.1 -4.3 -4.5 Racine 79.8 76.2 79.6 76.7 -2.9 -3.6 Sheboygan 64.9 59.8 64.8 60.1 -4.7 -7.3 Wausau 73.8 69.4 73.8 69.8 -4.0 -5.4

Wyoming 297.2 276.0 297.9 277.2 -20.7 -6.9 Casper 39.9 36.4 39.8 36.6 -3.2 -8.0 Cheyenne 48.2 46.1 47.5 46.1 -1.4 -2.9

Puerto Rico 870.3 793.9 870.9 811.2 -59.7 -6.9 Aguadilla-Isabela 50.6 45.8 51.0 47.2 -3.8 -7.5 Arecibo 35.0 33.4 34.5 34.3 -0.2 -0.6 Guayama 13.2 12.4 13.3 12.8 -0.5 -3.8 Mayaguez 31.8 28.1 31.2 28.9 -2.3 -7.4 Ponce 68.4 62.1 67.5 63.2 -4.3 -6.4 San German 19.2 17.8 19.3 18.4 -0.9 -4.7 San Juan-Carolina-Caguas 632.6 569.7 635.2 582.1 -53.1 -8.4

Virgin Islands 37.2 36.7 37.5 36.2 -1.3 -3.5 NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmark are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available. Area delineations are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city, unless otherwise footnoted. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.

