In the twentieth century, the reasons for the popularity of a stream of Communist movement among Bhumihars in areas like Begusarai were quite different from what is being talked about. The support was for a rapidly rising economic and social force seeking organisational apparatus to protect its prosperity and to retrieve its old, high position in the social hierarchy. In The Republic of Bihar (Penguin, 1992), scholar Arvind N Das reflects on the strands of this strange association.“There grew sections of a substantial tenantry corresponding to the rich and middle peasantry, a veritable, if embryonic, kulak class. They resented having been pushed down in the ritual hierarchy into positions not at all commensurate with their growing wealth. Many of this group came from the de-Brahmanized Bhumihar caste. They first started social reform movements in order to attain appropriate ritual status, but soon these grew into formidable anti- zaminadari organisations culminating in the 1930s in the Kisan Sabha under the leadership of the crusty radical sanyasi , Swami Sahajanand Sarswati. The movement received guarded and occasional support from some Congressmen, but was joined more enthusiastically by Communist Party of India ( CPI) led by the activist Karyanand Sharma,” Das writes.