Thousands of pests including cockroaches and rats have been found in NHS hospitals in each of the last five years as the cost of tackling them has spiralled, new figures show.

The creatures have been sighted in maternity wards, children's intensive care units and operating theatres.

There were nearly 5,000 pest control call-outs by NHS trusts to hospitals in England between 2015/16 - equivalent to around 13 a day, according to data obtained by the Press Association under Freedom of Information laws.

The amount of money hospitals spent on treating pests reached nearly £1.1m in the year to March 2016 and the overall figure is likely to be far higher as 87 of around 150 trusts responded to the request.

Some refused to say how much they had spent, citing private finance initiative (PFI) deals or that the information was “commercially sensitive”.

And costs have soared compared with five years ago, based on an analysis of the like-for-like data from the 48 trusts that provided figures for both 2011/12 and 2015/16, which showed a rise of more than 26 per cent over the period, from £646,857 to £815,855.

The majority of trusts outsourced their pest-control to private contractors such as Rentokil, ISS Facility Services and Medirest and paid for regular inspections as well as ad hoc call-outs to pest sightings.

Spending at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Trust almost doubled between 2011/12 and 2015/16, from £67,425 to £132,210 - by far the highest of the trusts which responded.

“We take all pest control matters very seriously and deal with them swiftly,” a spokesman from the trust said. “As a large provider of health services in London, the importance of high standards of cleanliness means a robust approach to incidents and prevention is absolutely essential.”

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A total of 4,885 call-outs were made in the last year to March, while like-for-like figures from 57 trusts showed there were 3,880 call-outs in 2015/16, a rise of three per cent on 2011/12.

University Hospitals of Leicester (UHL) NHS Trust and Pennine Acute Hospitals (PAH) NHS Trust both recorded more than 300 incidents in 2015/16.

Pest sightings at UHL, which runs the Leicester General, Leicester Royal Infirmary and Glenfield hospitals more than trebled from 104 in 2011/12 to 337 in 2015/16. UHL treats more than one million patients each year.

The sightings included cockroaches found in the fifth level of the Infirmary's Windsor building, which houses the specialist medicine admissions unit and elderly patient wards, rodents spotted in the maternity block and insects sighted in operating theatres at Leicester General Hospital.

Across the four hospitals run by the Pennine Acute Hospitals trust in the Greater Manchester area, there were 302 pest sightings in the last year, marking a fall from 346 in 2011/12.

Reports between April 2015 and March 2016 included a cockroach “infestation” in the day surgery ward at the Royal Oldham Hospital (ROH), maggots found in the accident and emergency ward kitchen and a call logged from the ROH laundry which read: “Urgent - there are lots of cockroaches”.

Darryn Kerr, director of estates and facilities at Leicester's Hospitals, said: “We manage 270,000 square metres of floor space across our three hospitals which cover 30 acres of land, and are visited by over one million patients and another one million visitors each year.

“Occasionally, we have unwelcome visitors (everything from bats to badgers) who have tried to take up residence in parts of our estate. We deal with these issues when they arise and they do not affect the quality of our patient care.”

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A spokesperson for PAH NHS Trust said: “Recent mild winters have seen an increase in vermin across the country.

“We take patient, staff and visitor safety seriously and deploy preventative measures to pest control by employing a pest control contractor to visit each of our four hospitals every week, particularly in areas where our facilities are susceptible to vermin.

“We have also introduced additional housekeeping measures as well, such as frequently emptying bins and cleaning across our sites.

“We believe the construction work at Westwood Park at The Royal Oldham Hospital, where we have built a new staff car park, as well as construction and expansion work at our other hospital, has disturbed their natural habitat.

“We always act very promptly to deal with any pests that are reported to us and we take pest control very seriously, reacting quickly to deal with any issues so that staff and patients are not affected.”

The spokesman added that during 2015/16 the trust had reduced the number of pest incidents by 28.5 per cent on the previous year, when reports totaled 423.