A flag belonging to the Islamic State fighters is seen on a motorbike after forces loyal to Assad recaptured the historic city of Palmyra Thomson Reuters Syria peace talks are deadlocked as the regime and the opposition remain unable to move past a crucial sticking point — the role of President Bashar al-Assad in the country's future.

Negotiations appear to have fallen apart, and the ceasefire between rebels and the Syrian regime has effectively collapsed.

The peace talks, which have taken place in Geneva, Switzerland, are "at best stalled and at worst already collapsed," Robert Ford, the former US ambassador to Syria from 2011 to 2014 and current fellow at the Middle East Institute, told Business Insider in an email.

And if the regime and opposition fail to reach a deal, Syria's terrorism problem is likely to fester and grow even worse.

Defense Secretary Ash Carter indicated to a Senate committee last week that peace in Syria is still a long way off.

"Our strategy ... is that Assad leaves, the structures of the government remain in place — but without Assad — and that the moderate opposition becomes part of the government and there is a government that can give the Syrian people what they deserve, which is a country that runs and a country that's moderate and a country that treats its people decently," Carter told the Senate Armed Services Committee.

"We're a long way from that now, but that's the vision for Syria," he continued.

Fred Hof, a former special adviser for transition in Syria under then-US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, said the US is pursuing "a very risky strategy of incrementalism" in Syria.

"If we win the race against time with ISIS in Syria we'll be very fortunate," Hof told Business Insider in an email.

Islamic State billboards are seen along a street in Raqqa Thomson Reuters Ford, the former ambassador, said progress towards national reconciliation is "vital to undercut ISIS and Al-Qaeda recruiting" in Syria. As long as Assad is committing atrocities against civilians in Syria, terrorist groups can convince people that they are Syrians' best bet for protection against the regime.

Hof noted that US officials seem to acknowledge that "as long as Assad is in power somewhere in Syria, there is no prospect for a political solution that would produce a united front against ISIS."

But the US might be damaging its credibility in the peace process that aims to end a five-year civil war that has caused massive bloodshed, an international refugee crisis, and the rise of terrorist groups in the Middle East, Ford said.

"In the absence of US pressure on the Syrian government and Russians to abide by the cessation of hostilities fully [the US] becomes irrelevant to securing a peace deal for Syria," Ford said, citing airstrikes on a hospital in Aleppo as a recent act of impunity on behalf of Assad regime allies.

People inspect the damage at the Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF)-backed al-Quds hospital after it was hit by airstrikes, in a rebel-held area of Syria's Aleppo Thomson Reuters Fighting is likely to keep escalating in Aleppo. And with that escalation in violence, chances of a peace deal become "nil," Ford said.

"The US keeps saying it is 'concerned' about Syrian government and Russian actions, but beyond handwringing it has no real response," Ford said.

The regime and its allies don't seem willing to budge on the issue of Assad staying in power. The opposition insists on a political transition that would see Assad stepping down, and the US insists that Assad cannot be part of Syria's future.

"Assad and national reconciliation just don't mix," Hof said. "Assad's portfolio of war crimes and crimes against humanity makes him pure poison."

The US seems to hope that Russia, which is backing the Assad regime and carrying out airstrikes against rebels in Syria, will help plan a political transition.

The Russians "are the ones that have the most leverage over Assad right now," US Defense Secretary Ash Carter told the Senate Armed Services Committee last week. "It's very important that they do that because, as [Dunford] indicated, there's no resolution of the Syrian civil war until that occurs."