A geographic information system, or GIS, is a computer system that captures and stores data related to positions on the Earth's surface. It’s used to create maps that reveal spatial relationships invaluable for planning and communications in areas such as agriculture, health care, retail trade, or military intelligence. GIS technicians, and geospatial information scientists and technologists, produce data layers, maps, graphs, and reports using GIS technology. They compile data from remote sensing devices and cartographic or global positioning system maps, and enter it into GIS databases. Data accuracy, currency, and quality are critical, so they must review the data carefully. With clean data, GIS professionals program computers, analyze the data, and develop software for GIS applications. Many GIS technicians, and geospatial information scientists and technologists conduct research of their own, or design research for clients to use in a wide range of projects, from identifying ideal locations for solar or wind energy installations, routing transportation to minimize energy consumption, to defining wildlife areas. They often work with teams, and guide analyses to target specific projects or problems. Workweeks are usually on a 40-hour standard schedule. Most jobs, though not all, require a bachelor’s degree. It’s not uncommon for people in the field to have a master’s degree.