Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has dismissed the US decision to put Iran "on notice" over its missile tests while calling President Donald Trump the "real face" of American corruption.

Key points: Iran's President backs Khamenei's calls for protests on Friday in response to Trump

Iran's President backs Khamenei's calls for protests on Friday in response to Trump Foreign Minister Zarif foresees "difficult days ahead" with the Trump administration

Foreign Minister Zarif foresees "difficult days ahead" with the Trump administration Iran maintains that a renegotiation of the 2015 nuclear deal will not be accepted

In his first speech since Mr Trump's inauguration, Iran's supreme leader called on Iranians to take part in demonstrations on Friday — the anniversary of Iran's 1979 Islamic revolution — to show they were not frightened of American "threats".

"We are thankful to him [Trump] for making our life easy as he showed the real face of America," Ayatollah Khamenei told a meeting of military commanders in Tehran.

Mr Trump responded to a January 29 Iranian missile test by saying "Iran is playing with fire" and imposed fresh sanctions on individuals and entities, some of them linked to Iran's elite Revolutionary Guards.

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The White House said the missile test was not a direct breach of Iran's 2015 nuclear pact with six world powers, but that it "violates the spirit of that".

Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif said Tehran would not renegotiate the nuclear deal that Mr Trump consistently criticised as being a gift to the Islamic Republic.

"I believe Trump will push for renegotiation, but Iran and European countries will not accept that," Mr Zarif told reporters.

"We will have difficult days ahead."

On the campaign trail, Mr Trump repeatedly promised to tear up the nuclear deal, and while Secretary of State Rex Tillerson has not called for that, he has suggested a "full review" of it.

Khamenei, Iran's top authority, said Mr Trump had confirmed "what we have been saying for more than 30 years about the political, economic, moral and social corruption in the US ruling system".

Iran analysts said his comments were relatively restrained as they included no threat to respond militarily.

Under the nuclear deal, Iran is urged but not obligated to refrain from firing missiles. ( Reuters: Mahmood Hosseini, file )

"[Trump] says 'you should be afraid of me'. No! The Iranian people will respond to his words on February 10 and will show their stance against such threats," Ayatollah Khamenei said.

President Hassan Rouhani backed Ayatollah Khamenei's call for Iranians to rally across the country on Friday to "show their unbreakable ties with the Supreme Leader and the Islamic Republic".

A UN Security Council resolution underpinning the nuclear deal urges Iran to refrain from testing missiles designed to be able to carry nuclear warheads, but imposes no obligation.

Iran agreed to curb its nuclear program in exchange for relief from some US, European and UN economic sanctions.

Critics of Iran said the deal emboldened it to increase its involvement in wars in Arab countries, something Tehran denies.

Reuters