The new accusations escalate a bitter falling out between business partners over what was once known as The Trump International Hotel and Tower, and was the only Trump hotel property in Latin America. Orestes Fintiklis, whose companies control a majority of the hotel, removed the Trump Organization as managers last year and later rebranded the property as a JW Marriott.

In its statement on Monday, the Trump Organization took aim at Mr. Fintiklis over the court filling, saying he was “trying to distract from his own fraud and material breaches.”

The dispute with Mr. Fintiklis began in 2017, soon after he bought 202 of the hotel’s 369 units. Mr. Fintiklis, a Cypriot citizen, took legal action against the Trump Organization, arguing it had mismanaged the hotel, which was struggling financially.

In early 2018, the fight spilled over to the property itself, where shouting and shoving matches broke out and police officers arrived in Kevlar helmets. The Trump Organization accused Mr. Fintiklis of using “thug-like, mob-style tactics.” But in March of last year, a local court ruled in Mr. Fintiklis’s favor and a workman pried off the silver T-R-U-M-P name from the 70-story property, Panama’s tallest building.

It was a blow to the Trump Organization, which was already downsizing as it adjusted to business realities under a presidency that has driven away some customers and brought limitations on overseas deals. In 2017, owners of struggling Trump hotels in Toronto and the SoHo neighborhood of Manhattan bought out the Trump Organization and changed the names of the properties. Today, the Trump company still has its name on golf courses, hotels and other real estate ventures in 10 countries, from Ireland to South Korea, although several of the projects are still underway.

The fight with Mr. Fintiklis continues to wind through the courts.

The Trump Organization has pursued, among other things, its own fraud claim against Mr. Fintiklis and his companies. The president’s company, which was affiliated with the hotel since before it opened in 2011 and was supposed to manage it through 2031, has argued that it is owed at least $3 million.