SYDNEY, Australia — Two decades ago, Pauline Hanson prompted outrage when she said that Australia was in danger of being swamped by Asians in her first speech in Parliament.

This week, she has done it again.

As a newly elected senator, Ms. Hanson, the leader of the One Nation party, called for an end to Muslim immigration and a ban on the burqa, and she told members of Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull’s Liberal Party that she planned to “give them a kick up the backside.”

But this time, the response from the conservative coalition, led by the Liberal Party, has been carefully calibrated. Although many disagree with Ms. Hanson’s far-right stances, the coalition is treading warily: The government may need her vote, and those of her fellow party members, to ensure their bills pass through the splintered upper house.

“Pauline Hanson was elected by the people of Queensland to represent their interests in the Senate,” said Julie Bishop, the foreign minister and one of Mr. Turnbull’s most senior lawmakers. “She is entitled to her views.”