The lender in January rejected claims by a pro-government newspaper that it was plotting to undermine the economy, and said it was "unacceptable" for its name to be associated with terrorism, after the daily Yeni Safak said Deutsche Bank and other German institutions were attempting "economic terror."

Volkswagen AG: The German automaker counts Turkey as one of its key markets, where VW delivered roughly 174,000 vehicles last year, up 5.6 per cent, and on par with the likes of Russia and Italy.

VW's MAN heavy truck brand has a facility near Ankara, which was the commercial vehicle maker's first production site outside Germany when it began operations in 1966. It's currently MAN's largest bus plant, according to the company's website. The factory produces city buses and coaches for the MAN and Neoplan brands.

Siemens AG: The industrial company has about 3000 employees in Turkey and investments ranging from factories to hospitals. Siemens runs laboratories in Turkish medical clinics. The company aims to generate €100 million ($116 million) in annual revenue from the ventures within the next five years.

Daimler AG operates a truck plant in Turkey. Michael Probst

Hugo Boss AG: The German fashion company's largest plant is located in Turkey, with 3777 employees. The main focus at the factory in Izmir is manufacturing high-quality apparel such as suits, jackets and shirts as well as tailored womenswear. The company says it's "watching closely" developments in Turkey and taking all matters "very seriously."

Daimler AG: Mercedes-Benz has been producing trucks in Turkey for more than 30 years, which it sells primarily on the domestic market. It's investing €113 million through 2018 in the Aksaray plant to double capacity, where the company currently employs about 1800 workers. Daimler also produces buses on the outskirts of Istanbul, most of which are exported. That plant employs some 3300 people.

Axel Springer SE: The media company, which owns 7 per cent in Turkish broadcaster Dogan TV Holding, has said it won't make new investments in Turkey because of the country's crackdown on journalists. Chief Executive Officer Mathias Doepfner has harshly criticised the Turkish government for jailing a reporter who works for Axel Springer's newspaper Die Welt.


After a German comedian ridiculed Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan in a poem on German TV, Doepfner published an open letter in Die Welt supporting the performer and daring Erdogan to sue.

Allianz SE: Europe's biggest insurer acquired Yapi Kredi Sigorta AS for €684 million in 2013 to expand in the country. Last year, Allianz had €1.7 billion in property and casualty premiums from Turkey, 3.2 per cent of its global total, and €968 million in life insurance premiums, or 1.5 per cent of its life insurance business.

EON SE: Germany's biggest renewables producer holds a 50 per cent stake in Enerjisa Enerji AS, a venture with Haci Omer Sabanci Holding AS. The partnership reported sales of €3.39 billion in 2016 and is looking at an initial public offering of its downstream business later this year.Enerjisa has nine million customers, more than EON has in any other country.

Robert Bosch GmbH: The world's biggest auto-parts supplier has five different companies in the country, located in Istanbul, Bursa, Kocaeli, Manisa, and Tekirdag. The units operate in the areas of mobility solutions, energy and building technology, industrial technology and consumer goods. Bosch started operations in Turkey with a branch office established in 1910. Its first factory opened in Bursa in 1972. Bosch Turkey employs around 16,500 workers.

Fraport AG: The German airport operator owns a 51 per cent stake in Antalya airport, Turkey's third-largest. A drop in travellers to Antalya last year resulted in the airport swinging to a net loss of €32.2 million.

Deutsche Lufthansa AG: The German airline has a 50-50 joint venture with Turkish Airlines called SunExpress, a leisure carrier with 72 aircraft and more than 3800 staff. SunExpress carried more than 8 million passengers last year and generated €991 million in revenue. Lufthansa also uses crews from SunExpress to staff its long-haul services under the Eurowings brand.

Rheinmetall AG: The German defense company in 2016 established an Ankara-based joint venture with Turkey's BMC Automotive and Etika Strategi of Malaysia. The partnership plans to make tanks at the facility once it's up and running.

BASF SE: The chemicals company has about 800 employees in Turkey spread over seven offices and six production sites.

Bayer AG: The health-care company has two plants in Turkey for its crop science and consumer health units, and employs about 1400 people in the country.

Fresenius Medical Care AG: The German business has two production sites in Turkey, including an 800-employee site in Antalya that makes kidney dialysis equipment, and a smaller location near Ankara. The company's Turkish subsidiary had $67.4 million in product sales in Turkey last year.

Bloomberg