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This is the fourth instalment in Access Denied, a four-part series on protectionism in Canada and beyond

For the first time in years, competition in the Canadian airline industry is heating up. In June, WestJet Airlines Ltd. launched its ultra low-cost carrier (ULCC) Swoop, offering cheaper flights for the more price-sensitive traveller. Flair Airlines Ltd., another discount carrier, is already in the air, and two additional ULCCs — Enerjet’s FlyToo and Canada Jetlines Ltd. — are eagerly eyeing entries into the market.

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International carriers are also looking to fly to and from Canada. Norwegian Air Shuttle ASA, one of the world’s fastest-growing low-cost carriers, in June announced it will begin flying daily between Hamilton and Dublin, as well as offer service between Montreal and Guadeloupe and Martinique.

But even though competition may be increasing in what has largely been a two-player market, some experts say the airline industry is still one of the most protected in the country, limiting consumer options particularly when it comes to domestic travel.