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President Donald Trump and several associates continue to draw intense scrutiny for their ties to the Russian government.

A dossier of unverified claims alleges serious conspiracy and misconduct in the final months of the 2016 presidential campaign. The White House has dismissed the dossier as fiction, and most of the claims remain unverified. The timeline of major events, however, lines up.

The document includes one particularly explosive allegation — that the Trump campaign agreed to minimise US opposition to Russia’s incursions into Ukraine in exchange for the Kremlin releasing negative information about Trump’s opponent, Hillary Clinton. The timing of events supporting this allegation also lines up.

The timeline of claims made in an unsubstantiated dossier presented by top US intelligence officials to President Donald Trump and senior lawmakers last month has increased scrutiny of events that unfolded in the final months of the Trump campaign.

The dossier alleges serious misconduct and conspiracy between the Trump campaign and Russia’s government. The White House has dismissed the dossier as fiction, and some of the facts and assertions it includes have indeed been proven wrong.

Other allegations in the dossier, however, are still being investigated. According to a recent CNN report, moreover, US intelligence officials have now corroborated some of the dossier’s material. And this corroboration has reportedly led US intelligence officials to regard other information in the dossier as more credible.

Importantly, the timeline of known events fits with some of the more serious alleged Trump-Russia misconduct described in the dossier. And questions about these events have not been fully answered, including the sudden distancing of Trump associates from the campaign and administration as the events and Russia ties became public.

The dossier’s allegations of Trump-Russia ties and conspiracy

The dossier was compiled by veteran British spy Christopher Steele, who was hired to investigate Trump’s ties to Russia by the Washington, DC-based opposition research firm Fusion GPS. Steele developed a network of sources while working on the Moscow desk of UK intelligence agency MI6.

Steele, citing these sources heavily, wrote a series of memos detailing alleged coordination between the Kremlin and Trump’s campaign team. Fusion then compiled the information into a 35-page dossier that has been circulated among lawmakers, journalists, and the US intelligence community since last year. The dossier was published in January by BuzzFeed.

Fusion was initially hired by anti-Trump Republicans to conduct opposition research on Trump in late 2015, and Democrats took over funding for the project after the Republicans pulled out. Fusion’s cofounder, Glenn Simpson, a former investigative reporter for the Wall Street Journal, continued the project with Steele even after Democrats pulled funding when Trump won the election.

Trump and his inner circle have condemned the dossier as “fake and fictitious.” But US investigators say they have been able to corroborate some of the details in the dossier by intercepting some of the conversations between some senior Russian officials and other Russians, CNN reported on Friday. That has given the investigators “greater confidence” in the credibility of the some aspects of the memos, CNN’s sources said.

Events that unfolded in the final months of the election — especially as they related to key players linked to and within Trump’s inner circle — are illuminated by some of the allegations contained in the dossier. Four of these players and their role in these events warrant closer examination.

Paul Manafort: A language change on Ukraine, and a resignation

An American consultant named Paul Manafort, who was mentioned throughout Steele’s dossier, served as Donald Trump’s campaign manager until August 2016. He is said to have close ties to Ukraine and Russia.

What the dossier says

The dossier alleges that the Trump campaign made a secret deal with Russia in which Trump “agreed to sideline” the issue of Russian intervention in Ukraine.

In return, the document claims, Russia promised to feed the emails it stole from prominent Democrats’ inboxes to WikiLeaks to damage Hillary Clinton’s candidacy.

The “well-developed conspiracy of cooperation between [the Trump campaign] and the Russian leadership was managed on the Trump side by the Republican candidate’s campaign manager, Paul Manafort,” the dossier says.

Manafort had advised Russia-friendly Ukraine leader Viktor Yanukovych, who he helped win the Ukrainian presidency in 2010. The dossier alleges that Manafort was still receiving “kickback payments” from the former Ukrainian leader last year, a charge Manafort has denied.

What happened

In July 2016, while Manafort was still Donald Trump’s campaign manager, a change was made to the Republican Party’s policy on Ukraine. The change fits with the dossier’s assertion that the Trump campaign agreed to soften US support for Ukraine in exchange for the Kremlin releasing damaging information about Hillary Clinton.

The Republican National Committee’s original draft language on Ukraine proposed sending “lethal weapons” to the Ukrainian army to fend off Russian aggression. But after a sub-committee meeting at the convention, the “lethal weapons” line was softened significantly and changed to “provide appropriate assistance.”

As Business Insider has previously reported, the circumstances around this language change are controversial. The reason for the language change has also not been well explained.

The Ukraine language change was orchestrated by two national-security experts sent to sit in on the subcommittee meeting on behalf of the Trump campaign,

according to the original amendment’s author, Diana Denman, who was also in the meeting.

One of the Trump campaign representatives present at the meeting, JD Gordon, has since denied intervening in the platform hearing. Gordon has also denied that Trump or Manafort were involved in the language change and that there was anything nefarious about it.

A member of the Republican National Committee present at the meeting, however, confirmed to Business Insider that the change “definitely came from Trump staffers.”

The altered Ukraine policy amendment, with the softer language, ultimately was included in the new GOP platform. A few days later, WikiLeaks began publishing the emails stolen from the Democratic National Committee and Clinton campaign. The timing coincided with the start of the Democratic National Convention the following week.

A month after the Republican convention, on August 14, The New York Times reported new details about Trump campaign manager Manafort’s involvement with Ukraine. The paper reported that Ukraine leader Yanukovych’s pro-Russia political party had earmarked $12.7 million for Manafort for his work between 2007-2012. Manafort has said he never collected the payments.

The New York Times story thrust the Trump campaign’s connections with Russia into the international spotlight. Five days later, on August 19, for reasons that are still unclear, Manafort resigned as Trump’s campaign manager.

The dossier further alleges that Russia’s president, Vladimir Putin, became concerned when Yanukovych informed him on August 16 — two days after the Times report was published — of “kickback payments” being funneled to Manafort. This was three days before Manafort resigned from the Trump campaign.

Michael Flynn: A trip to Moscow, a distraction from Ukraine, and secret phone calls

Michael Flynn, the former head of the Defence Intelligence Agency, is now Trump’s national security adviser. Flynn was paid by the Kremlin to speak at a gala in December 2015, and is believed to have regularly communicated with the Russian ambassador to the US before Trump was sworn in.

What the dossier says

According to the dossier, a Kremlin official involved in US relations said that Russia attempted to cultivate US political figures by “funding indirectly their recent visits to Moscow.”

These political figures, the dossier alleges, included “a delegation from Lyndon LaRouche, presidential candidate Jill Stein of the Green Party, Trump foreign policy adviser Carter Page, and former DIA director Michael Flynn.” The dossier went on to say that the effort to cultivate these figures had been “successful in terms of perceived outcomes.”

The dossier alleges that the Trump campaign pledged to “raise defence commitments in the Baltics and Eastern Europe to deflect attention away from Ukraine.” As Trump’s national security advisor, Flynn is now in a position to make good on this pledge.

What happened

In December 2015, Flynn, then recently retired from the Defence Intelligence Agency, travelled to Moscow to speak at a gala celebrating the 10th anniversary of state-sponsored news agency Russia Today.

Flynn later told The Washington Post that he had been paid to attend the gala, where he was photographed sitting next to Putin at dinner.

Top Democratic lawmakers are now calling on the Defence Department to investigate whether Flynn ran afoul of the US Constitution by accepting money from the Kremlin.

Since the dinner in Moscow, Flynn has toed a Russia-friendly line that’s out of line with his more hawkish former US defence colleagues. He has appeared on Russia Today (RT) several times as a commentator. He also suggested last year that he saw no difference between the state-run RT and other news networks like CNN, MSNBC, and Al Jazeera.

One of Flynn’s appearances on RT in October 2015 ran under the headline: “Former DIA Chief Michael Flynn Says Rise Of ISIS Was A ‘Willful Decision’ Of US Government.”

Last Tuesday, Politico reported that Flynn will recommend that Trump support the ascension of Montenegro, a small Balkan nation, into NATO. Russia officially opposes such a move. But it aligns with the dossier’s suggestion that the Trump White House would support raising commitments “in the Baltics and Eastern Europe to deflect attention away from Ukraine.”

Last Thursday, moreover, both The Washington Post and The New York Times reported that Flynn had spoken with Russia’s ambassador to the US about the US economic sanctions on Russia before Trump was sworn in — including at least one call on the day President Barack Obama imposed new penalties on Russia for its election-related meddling.

Both Flynn and Vice President Mike Pence initially denied that Flynn and Russia’s ambassador discussed US sanctions in these calls. But counterintelligence officials told the Times that they have transcripts of the conversations and that the sanctions were discussed. Flynn has since backtracked on his denial, saying that he doesn’t recall exactly what was discussed.

Carter Page: Two trips to Moscow, and a ‘leave of absence’

Carter Page was an early foreign policy adviser to Trump. A former investment banker with Merrill Lynch, Page also served as an adviser “on key transactions” for Russia’s state-owned energy giant Gazprom before setting up his own energy investment fund, Global Energy Capital, with former Gazprom executive Sergei Yatesenko.

What the dossier says

The dossier claims that Carter Page was used by Manafort as an “intermediary” between the campaign and high-level Kremlin officials.

Specifically, the dossier alleges that Page travelled to Moscow in July 2016, where he met with the president of Russia’s state oil company Rosneft, Igor Sechin, citing a Russian source close to Sechin. Sechin’s associate “said that the Rosneft President was so keen to lift personal and corporate Western sanctions imposed on the company, that he offered Page and his associates the brokerage of up to a 19 per cent (privatised) stake in Rosneft.”

The dossier says that Page “expressed interest” in the offer but was “noncommittal.” It also says that Page promised that “sanctions on Russia would be lifted” if Trump were elected.

What happened

The timing of the alleged meeting between Page and Sechin aligns with a Page trip to Moscow in July 2016, where he delivered the commencement speech for the New Economic School.

“Washington and other Western capitals have impeded potential progress through their often hypocritical focus on ideas such as democratization, inequality, corruption and regime change,” Page said in the speech, which was heavily critical of NATO, the US, and other Western countries.

Page has criticised the US sanctions on Russia as “sanctimonious expressions of moral superiority,” and he praised Rosneft CEO Sechin in May 2014 for his “accomplishments” in advancing US-Russia relations.

Page was in Moscow for three days in mid-July. It’s unclear what he did or who he met with before and after giving the speech, but Yahoo’s Michael Isikoff, citing a Western intelligence source, reported in September that Page met with Igor Sechin during his trip.

As happened with Paul Manafort, Page’s role within the Trump campaign changed after news of his Russia connections became public. Page, who denied meeting with any sanctioned officials while he was in Russia, took “a leave of absence” from the Trump campaign shortly after the Yahoo report. The Trump campaign subsequently distanced itself from Page.

Rosneft, meanwhile, ultimately signed a deal that was similar to the one the dossier described: On December 7, the oil company sold 19.5% of shares, worth roughly $11 billion, to the multinational commodity trader Glencore Plc and Qatar’s state-owned wealth fund. Page

was back in Moscow on December 8, one day after the deal was signed, to “meet with some of the top managers” of Rosneft, he told reporters at the time.

Page’s extensive business ties to state-owned Russian companies were investigated by a counterintelligence task force set up last year by the CIA, according to several media reports. The investigation, which is reportedly ongoing, has examined whether Russia was funelling money into Trump’s presidential campaign — and, if it was, who was serving as the liaison between the Trump team and the Kremlin.

Sergei Millian: From touting Trump to downplaying ties

Sergei Millian, a Belarus-born businessman who is now a US citizen, founded the Russian-American Chamber of Commerce in 2006. He has described himself as an exclusive broker for Trump’s family business, the Trump Organisation, with respect to real-estate dealings in Russia.

What the dossier says

One of the dossier’s sources, “Source E,” told a compatriot in July 2016 that the “conspiracy of cooperation” between Russia and Trump involved hacking prominent Democrats. The hacking campaign “depended on key people in the US Russian émigré community for its success,” the dossier states.

The Kremlin recruited “hundreds of agents” both in Russia and in the US who were either “consciously cooperating with the FSB or whose personal and professional IT systems had been compromised,” the dossier says, citing “a number of Russian figures with a detailed knowledge of national cyber crime.”

“Many were people who had ethnic and family ties to Russia and/or had been incentivized financially to cooperate,” the dossier says. Source E allegedly told his compatriot that agents were compensated by “consular officials in New York, DC, and Miami,” who issued “pension disbursements to Russian émigrés living in the US as cover…tens of thousands of dollars were involved.”

In return for this effort, the dossier says, Putin wanted information from Trump on Russian oligarchs living in the US, Source E said. The same source is quoted in the dossier as saying the Trump campaign was “relatively relaxed” about the attention on Trump’s reported ties to Russia “because it deflected media and the Democrats’ attention away from Trump’s business dealings in China.”

“Unlike in Russia, these [dealings] were substantial and involved the payment of large bribes and kickbacks which, were they to become public, would be potentially very damaging to their campaign.”

What happened

“Source E,” according to recent reports by the Wall Street Journal and ABC, is the Belarus-born businessman Sergei Millian, the founder of the Russian-American Chamber of Commerce (RACC) who became an American citizen after arriving in the US 15 years ago.

Millian, who attended several black-tie events at Trump’s inauguration last month, denies this. Following the now-common Trump White House communications strategy, he told Business Insider that the author of the Wall Street Journal report “is the mastermind behind fake news.”

Millian described himself as an “exclusive” broker for the Trump Organisation’s real-estate dealings in Russia in an interview with Russian news agency RIA Novosti last April. “I think partnership is based on friendship, mutual respect and mutual understanding, and business is based on buyer-seller relationships,” he said of his work with the Trump Organisation.

But Millian appears to have begun downplaying his ties to the Trump Organisation after Western reporters started digging into Trump’s Russia ties last summer.

Whereas Millian told RIA that he had been in touch with the Trump Organisation as late as April 2016, he said in an email to Business Insider that the last time he worked on a Trump brand project was “in Florida around 2008.” He did not respond to a request to clarify the discrepancy.

Millian, on his LinkedIn page, says he is the Vice President of the World Chinese Merchants Union Association. He wrote last April that he travelled to Beijing to meet with a Chinese official and the Russian ambassador to the Republic of San Marino. The dossier claims Source E — allegedly Millian — had knowledge of Trump’s business dealings in China.

Millian has also worked with Rossotrudnichestvo, a Russian government organisation whose “fundamental” goal is to familiarise “young people from different countries” with Russian culture through exchange trips to Moscow. The FBI has investigated whether Rossotrudnichestvo is a front for the Russian government to cultivate “young, up-and-coming Americans as Russian intelligence assets” — a theory Rossotrudnichestvo has strongly denied.

In December 2011, Millian wrote to Dmitry Medvedev, then the Russian president, to thank him “on behalf of the fifty American entrepreneurs invited by Rossotrudnichestvo to attend the first edition of the Russian-American Business Forum in Moscow.”

Last month, however, Millian told Mother Jones he “never got any business with Rossotrudnichestvo.” He did not respond to requests from Business Insider to clarify that discrepancy, either.

Millian told ABC last July that he is “one of those very few people who have insider knowledge of Kremlin politics who has the ability to understand the Russian mentality and who has been able to successfully integrate in American society.”

“American citizens voted for President Trump and thus performed God’s will,” Millian told Business Insider in an email on Thursday.

“Your salvation is to pray for good health for the US President Trump and give your best efforts to help him make our country great again.”





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