Supplementary notes

Brand Finance defines the brand as the trademark and associated intellectual property. Football clubs are made up of a mixture of fixed tangible assets (stadium, training ground) and disclosed intangible assets (purchased players) with brand value, internally developed players & goodwill making up the difference to provide the combined clubs value.

To calculate the brand value Branddirectory uses the `Royalty Relief' method. It is based on the notion that a brand holding company owns the brand and licenses it to an operating company. The notional price paid by the operating company to the brand company is expressed as a royalty rate. The Net Present Value (NVP) of all forecast royalties represents the value of the brand to the business.



Team value is based on current stadium deal (unless new stadium is pending, without deduction for debt (other than stadium debt).



* Team value calculated in April of each year



