⌈ Form 1. «the looks of something», 3. «an arrangement of coordinated elements», 8. «pattern, template». Słownik języka polskiego PWN, sjp.pwn.pl; accessed: 20.07.2020 ⌋

One reads:

There is no reason why the compact disc has taken this form and not another one. Every aspect, from shape and size to sampling duration and frequency, was the result of random decisions reflecting the specific circumstances of their creation and the people who created them. It could have been invented in a completely different way. "



ROBERT BARRY, Compact Disc, „Object Lessons” series, New York 2020, p. 30

he author of this excellent compendium of knowledge regarding the CD format immediately afterwards refers to the novel by Walter Tavis, entitled The Man Who Fell to Earth (1963), in which the music carrier of the quadraphonic system (!) were small steel balls, as well as Philip K. Dick's Simulacra released a year later, for whom the a living creature from Ganymede, the largest moon of Jupiter, was an essential component of the Ampek F-a2 recorder.

⸤ Thinking about the "album" we probably have a vinyl version in front of our eyes - in the photo AC Records – Two For Two: Reference Acoustique

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And yet, when we think of a "record", depending on the age of the thinking subject, we either think of a vinyl record, i.e. Long Play, or a compact disc, i.e. Compact Disc. Much less often it will be a cassette tape (Compact Cassette), and quite rarely a digital file, even for the representatives of the youngest generation. I do not know any relevant research, so it is based only on gut feeling, but it seems to me that although most young people would never even reach for any physical carrier of music, stil the term „album” is still associated with a "CD" or an „LP” by them. The "audio file" in the real world does not have a physical "mediator", that is, something that would refer to it.

It occurred to me when I took a closer look at the foundations of Aleja Trzech Wieszczów and the Dietlowski Planty, which we now know as Dietla Street. These two, extremely important, arteries have a completely different genesis, and yet they share the same problem - a problem of their form.

Aleje Trzech Wieszczów owe their creation to a relatively new history. When Krakow was incorporated into Austria in 1846, it was designated a fortress city. It was surrounded by a network of roads, embankments and forts, as it was an important strategic point in the event of a war with Russia. Due to these limitations - as we read in the monograph Modernizmy. Volume 1. Krakow and the Krakow Voivodeship edited by Andrzej Szczerski - at the beginning of the 20th century it was the most densely populated city in Austria.

As a result of a change in the defense concept, the areas freed by the army were bought and transformed by the city. The commission that dealt with it agreed that it was necessary to draw on Western European patterns and announced an urban planning competition. The winning project, says Barbara Zbroja, author of the article Monumental and elegant - Aleje Trzech Wieszczów, published in the aforementioned monograph, alluded to the then-popular concept of the GARDEN-CITY developed by a British urban planner Ebenezer Howard.

⸤ Józefa Dietla Street, as seen from the intersection with Starowiślna Street.

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In any case, in place of the leveled railway embankment, Krasiński, Słowacki and Mickiewicz avenues were to be built. Their width was set at 52 meters. Looking today at how they have been developed, the main thing that draws attention is their division into a centrally running, wide green belt and lanes for pedestrians and cars located on the sides, running right next to tenement houses. Importantly, greenery is inaccessible to pedestrians, it only serves to physically - not to say mechanically - separate the lanes.

The case of Józef Dietl Street is different. It runs in the place of the Old Vistula bed. From the fourteenth to the sixteenth century, this northern arm of the Vistula was the main stream of the river in the city and it served not only communication but also defense purposes. In the axis of today's Stradomska and Krakowska streets, there was the only permanent bridge in medieval Krakow, known as the Królewski (Royal) bridge. By the way - the bridge, which postponed the renovation of Krakowska Street by over a year. The “discovery” of what was left of it by the workers stopped the works for so long that we stopped counting on the fact that the tram will ever go that way.

⸤ In the middle of Dietl Street there are green squares, and nowadays tram tracks; view from the intersection with Krakowska street.

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In any case, the Old Vistula began to disappear in the 17th century. Muddled, contaminated with filth, it became a breeding ground for bacteria, including cholera. Therefore, in 1873, the City Council decided to fill it in, which was successfully completed in 1878–80. Today it is simply a wide, green patch of land (planty), separating two former cities, and today’s districts - Śródmieście (Midtown) and Kazimierz. It features a layout similar to that of Aleja Trzech Wieszczów, i.e. a green belt in the middle and communication routes on the sides. The difference is that here the tram line runs right in the middle.