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4/1/2015 – In 1988 an asteroid or minor planet was discovered, but remained unnamed for more than ten years. Michael Rudenko, committee member of the Minor Planet Center, a chess buff with a Playchess account, decided it was appropriate to name the object after Viswanathan Anand, himself an astronomy buff. It is now officially known as '(4538) Vishyanand'.

(4538) Vishyanand – Minor planet named after chess player

In addition to the eight planets (in 2006 Pluto had its classification changed from planet to "dwarf planet"), there are likely many millions of small bodies which are members of the Solar System. These include approximately 650,000 minor planets, formerly referred to as asteroids, and 3800 comets currently known. On average a new minor planet is discovered every five to ten minutes, and a new comet every week or so. Once a sufficiently accurate orbit is determined for a minor planet, it is assigned a number. It is also then subject to being named. The first minor planet, discovered in 1801 is known as "(1) Ceres".

The privilege of suggesting a name for a minor planet is accorded to the discoverer. An international committee of astronomers – members of a working group of the International Astronomical Union – have the final authority to officially assign a name to a minor planet. The discoverer has this exclusive privilege for ten years following an object being numbered, after which the committee members themselves may elect to assign a name. They occasionally invite select people to submit names for minor planets for which the ten year exclusivity period has expired. Names are subject to certain rules laid down by the committee.

The Minor Planet Center, which operates at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, is an organization tasked with being the repository of all observations of minor planets and comets, and computing orbits for them. MPC is responsible for the identification, designation and orbit computation for all of these objects. Recently staff member Michael Rudenko was invited to suggest a name for minor planet (4538), discovered back in 1988 and still unnamed. Rudenko, who received an SB in Mathematics from MIT in 1977, has worked at the MPC since 2009 as an IT Specialist engaged in modernizing the MPC observation processing, orbit computation and related operations. During the 1980s he undertook a visual comet hunting project and discovered three comets with the aid of a six-inch refractor.

"My two passions in life are astronomy and chess," says Mike, who has a Playchess account. "I thought it might be appropriate to name a minor planet in honor of a chess grandmaster. My thoughts at once turned to Viswanathan Anand who, in addition to being the fifteenth world chess champion, is also an astronomy buff."

Viswanathan Anand enjoys using the Itelescope facility, with occasional advice from Dr Christian Sasse. In 2013 Vishy targeted the Lagoon Nebula (M8), which is about 5000 light years from earth with a size of 110 by 50 light years. He used the 20 inch telescope (T31 from ITelescope) in Australia to image this nebula. The result is remarkable and shows the object in unique detail. The total exposure time was 100 min.

Anand also captured the above image of IC 443, also known as the Jellyfish Nebula,

a Galactic supernova remnant

in the constellation Gemini, roughly 5,000 light years from Earth.

Michael Rudenko proposed the name "Vishyanand" (adhering to rules requiring names to be 16 characters or fewer, and preferably without spaces), along with a brief citation explaining the reason for the name. To his delight, the committee gave its approval, and minor planet (4538) is now officially known as "(4538) Vishyanand". The citation reads: "Viswanathan (Vishy) Anand (b. 1969) was India's first chess grandmaster. He went on to become the fifteenth undisputed world chess champion. In addition to his passion for chess, he is also an avid astrophotography enthusiast."

Osculating elements from astorb-database for 4538 Vishyanand

Number Name or designation Mean Anomaly M Long. of Perihelion Argument w Long. of Perihelion L Long. of Ascending Node o Inclination i 4538 Vishyanand 4.27439° 162.93917° 22.27148° 219.33231° 3.948644°

Orbit diagram of (4538) Vishyanand, with the orbits of the planets Mercury through Jupiter

Eccentricity e Semi major axis a Perihelion distance Aphelion distance Period (years) Epoch (date) observations diameter 0.1530474 2.4242945 AU 2.053262 AU 2.795326 AU 3.774661 20150319 112 N.A.

Discovery data for 4538 Vishyanand