"KWD" redirects here. For other uses, see KWD (disambiguation)

The Kuwaiti dinar (Arabic: دينار كويتي‎, code: KWD) is the currency of Kuwait. It is sub-divided into 1,000 fils. As of September 2019, the Kuwaiti dinar is the world's highest-valued currency unit per face value.[2]

History [ edit ]

The dinar was introduced in 1960 to replace the Gulf rupee, equal to the Indian rupee. It was initially equivalent to one pound sterling.[3] As the rupee was fixed at 1 shilling 6 pence, that resulted in a conversion rate of ​13 1⁄ 3 rupees to the dinar.

When Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990, the Iraqi dinar replaced the Kuwaiti dinar as the currency and large quantities of banknotes were stolen by the invading forces. After liberation, the Kuwaiti dinar was restored as the country's currency and a new banknote series was introduced, allowing the previous notes, including those stolen, to be demonetized.

Coins [ edit ]

The coins in the following table were introduced in 1961. The design of all coins is similar and has not changed since they were first minted. On the obverse is a boom ship, with year of minting in both Islamic and Common Era in Arabic. The reverse contains the value in Arabic within a central circle with إمَارَة الكُوَيت (Arabic for The State of Kuwait) above and KUWAIT in English below.

Unlike many other Middle Eastern currencies, Kuwait has a coin worth 0.02 of its main currency unit rather than 0.025 or 0.25.

The 1 fils coin was last minted in 1988.

Coins of the Kuwaiti dinar Obverse Reverse Value Diameter Thickness Weight Composition 1 fils 17 mm 1.2 mm 2g Nickel-brass 5 fils 19.5 mm 1.2 mm (1961-2011)

1.45 mm (2012-) 2.5g (1961-2011)

2.55g (2012-) Nickel-brass (1961-2011)

Brass-plated steel (2012-) 10 fils 21 mm 1.5 mm 3.75g (1961-2011)

4g (2012-) Nickel-brass (1961-2011)

Brass-plated steel (2012-) 20 fils 20 mm 1.36 mm 3g Cupro-nickel (1961-2011)

Stainless steel (2012-) 50 fils 23 mm 1.54 mm (1961-2011)

1.7 mm (2012-) 4.5g Cupro-nickel (1961-2011)

Stainless steel (2012-) 100 fils 26 mm 1.71 mm (1961-2011)

1.8 mm (2012-) 6.5g (1961-2011)

6.7g(2012-) Cupro-nickel (1961-2011)

Stainless steel (2012-)

Banknotes [ edit ]

Six series of the Kuwaiti dinar banknote have been printed.

First series [ edit ]

The first series was issued following the pronouncement of the Kuwaiti Currency Law in 1960, which established the Kuwaiti Currency Board. This series was in circulation from 1 April 1961 to 1 February 1982 and consisted of denominations of ​1⁄ 4 , ​1⁄ 2 , 1, 5 and 10 dinars.

Second series [ edit ]

After the creation of the Central Bank of Kuwait in 1969 as a replacement to the Kuwaiti Currency Board, new ​1⁄ 4 , ​1⁄ 2 and 10 dinar notes were issued from 17 November 1970, followed by the new 1 and 5 dinar notes of the second series on 20 April 1971.[4] This second series was withdrawn on 1 February 1982.

Third series [ edit ]

The third series was issued on 20 February 1980, after the accession to the throne of late Emir Jaber al-Ahmad al-Jaber al-Sabah, in denominations of ​1⁄ 4 , ​1⁄ 2 , 1, 5 and 10 dinars. A 20 dinars banknote was introduced later on 9 February 1986. As a result of the state of emergency after the Invasion of Kuwait, this series was ruled invalid with effect from 30 September 1991. Significant quantities of these notes were stolen by Iraqi forces and some had appeared on the international numismatic market. The "Standard Catalog of World Paper Money" (A. Pick, Krause Publications) lists notes with the following serial number prefix denominators as being among those stolen:

Denomination Prefix Denominators ​ 1⁄ 4 ( ١ / ٤ ) dinar 54-86 ​ 1⁄ 2 ( ١ / ٢ ) dinar 30-37 1 ( ١ ) dinar 47-53 5 ( ٥ ) dinars 18-20 10 ( ١٠ ) dinars 70-87 20 ( ٢٠ ) dinars 9-13

Fourth series [ edit ]

After the liberation, a fourth series was issued on 24 March 1991 with the aims of replacing the previous withdrawn series as quickly as possible and guaranteeing the country's swift economic recovery. This fourth series was legal tender until 16 February 1995. Denominations were ​1⁄ 4 , ​1⁄ 2 , 1, 5, 10 and 20 dinars.

Fifth series [ edit ]

The fifth series of Kuwaiti banknotes was in use from 3 April 1994 and included high-tech security measures which have now become standard for banknotes. It was withdrawn on 1 October 2015. Denominations were as in the fourth series.

Fifth series Kuwait banknotes ("We Seek God's Assistance") Obverse Reverse Value Obverse Reverse ​ 1⁄ 4 dinar Coat of arms of Kuwait; Vignette of Kuwaiti Dhow "Al-Mouhaleb"; Vignette of a Kuwaiti Chest Vignette of young girls playing traditional game ​ 1⁄ 2 dinar Coat of arms of Kuwait; Vignette of Kuwaiti Money Changers' Stalls; Vignette of a Kuwaiti Coffee Pot Vignette of young boys playing traditional game with marbles 1 dinar Coat of arms of Kuwait; Vignette of a traditional Oil Lamp; Vignette of Kuwait Towers Vignette of Mina Al-Shuwaikh; Vignette of a traditional Water Storage Vessel on Stand 5 dinars Coat of arms of Kuwait; Vignette of the new telecom Tower 'Liberation Tower'; Vignette of a traditional Grinding Stone Vignette of an Oil Refinery; Vignette of A’Zour Power Station; Vignette of Kuwaiti Water Tanks; Vignette of Electricity Pylons 10 dinars Coat of arms of Kuwait; Traditional water vessel; The state great Mosque Fishermen; Vignette Dhow under full sail; A traditional Kuwaiti door; A pearl diving scene; Vignette of a Kuwaiti incense burner 20 dinars Coat of arms of Kuwait; Cannon; Red Fort at Jahra Central Bank of Kuwait building; City gate of the old wall

Sixth series [ edit ]

Central Bank of Kuwait brought the sixth series of Kuwaiti banknotes into circulation on 29 June 2014.[5][6][7]Some of the bills are coarse so that the blind can identify them by touch.[5]

Commemorative issues [ edit ]

In both 1993 and 2001, the Central Bank of Kuwait issued commemorative 1-dinar polymer banknotes to celebrate its Liberation from Iraq. The first commemorative note, dated 26 February 1993, was issued to celebrate the second anniversary of its Liberation. The front features the map of the State of Kuwait, the emblem of Kuwait and on the left and right side of the note is the list of nations that assisted in its Liberation, in both English and Arabic.[9] The second commemorative note, dated 26 February 2001, was issued to celebrate the tenth anniversary of its Liberation. One feature from the note is an optically variable device (OVD) patch that shows a fingerprint, a reference to the victims of the invasion and occupation of Kuwait.[10] Even though they were denominated as 1 dinar, both of the commemorative notes state that they were not legal tender.

Average exchange rate of Kuwaiti dinar against US dollar (fils)

From 18 March 1975 to 4 January 2003, the dinar was pegged to a weighted currency basket. From 5 January 2003 until 20 May 2007, the pegging was switched to 1 US dollar = 0.29963 dinar with margins of ±3.5%.[11] The central rate translates to approximately 1 KWD = US$3.53

From 16 June 2007, the Kuwaiti dinar was re-pegged to a basket of currencies,[12] and was worth about $3.28 as of December 2016. It is the world's highest-valued currency unit.[13]

See also [ edit ]

References [ edit ]