The quote above is one I heard listening to a podcast a few months back and it stuck with me. Not only does it seem like a good quote for life in general, but I couldn’t help but to apply it to beer. I understand the desire and even the need for beer styles, but I don’t pay particularly close attention to them. Part of what makes brewing at home so fun and intriguing is applying methods and ideas across various styles into an experimental beer!

I was inspired for this mashup beer by listening to a Basic Brewing Radio episode with Kelly Ryan, brewer at Fork and Brewer in Wellington, New Zealand on a 20 mile bike ride home from work (I don’t do this often). Although I was intrigued by many of the brewing nuggets Ryan talked about, one thing in particular peaked my interest and that was his theory (as he put it) that yeast strain selection is one of the biggest factors for improving hoppy beers. Ryan went on to say that after trying all kinds of strains, it wasn’t until he used the California Common strain in his “ales” did the hops really shine. I tend to agree with this theory, based on the improvement I’ve seen in both hop aroma and flavor in my own beers when using the NEIPA strains (RVA Manchester Ale strain my current favorite). The idea goes (although I have yet to see any hard science behind these strains) is that these English strains allow for more yeast and hop oil interaction (bioflavoring) bringing the bright fruity hop flavors to the forefront. There does appear to be minimal bioflavoring from most strains with hops already studied with yeasts ability to transform terpenoids during fermentation (conversion of geraniol to citronellol for example). But for even further bioflavoring from glycoside-related volatile compounds from fruit and hops, beta-glucosidase activity is needed, which most saccharomyces strains are not producers of (likely including these NEIPA strains).

There is another potential reason why some of these saccharomyces strains could be working so well with hops and that is saccharomyces ability in certain strains to produce what’s called exo-beta-glucanase activity, which is also capable of liberating aroma compounds directly from glycosylated precursors. Strain by strain studies of exo-beta-glucanase activity is not something that exists (to my knowledge) and this wasn’t intended to be a post looking at beer studies, but I’m wondering if these NIEPA strains (and maybe the California Common strain) aren’t possibly producing this enzyme, which like Ryan said, is allowing the hops to shine! This is definitely an area of hop study I’d like to explore further.

Curious about this hybrid lager strains ability to aid in hop aroma and flavor, I chose to give it a try in a low ABV session oat summer IPA. I wanted to keep the brewing process similar to how I do NEIPA, which is relatively low IBU’s, a big late hop addition and early and multiple dry hops–slapping the beer with hops at every stage! Not sure if the strain could produce that soft and delicate mouthfeel you can get with NEIPA strains, I went fairly heavy with oats, which has its own benefits, and 100% chloride for enhanced mouthfeel.

Because fermentation can have such a big (negative) impact on hop oil retention, I’ve always been curious if it really matters what hops are used during the whirlpool/steep process, especially if a beer is going to be heavily dry hopped potentially masking any perceived flavors that might have survived from the whirlpool/steep anyways. It seems like it might make sense to experiment with hops heavy it total oils for this process in hopes more stick around and make it’s way into the final beer. This same logic would mean it might also make sense to save the lower total oil hops for dry hopping. For this beer, I decided to go all Columbus in the boil and steep (on the high end of total oil with 2.5-4.5 mL/100g and cheap!). For dry hopping I’ve been curious for awhile about giving German Blanc hops a try, but not wanting it to be too one dimensional, I did a two stage dry hop with Mosaic. The first early dry hop with Mosaic during active fermentation and the second a keg hop addition (under pressure) all with German Blanc, to hopefully showcase this hop with a little depth from the Mosaic.

I generally rack my beer into a closed purged keg through the diptube, which has a 300 micron filter around it to keep out hops, which has always worked pretty well. But this time I wanted to try using the spigot on the big mouth bubbler and do an open transfer into a purged open keg (the horror!). This is appealing to me because for one it’s easier not having to mess with a racking cane and not having to disturb the beer by shoving the cane in is another plus. Keeping the fermenter closed (you do have to gently let air in so it flows out) is another bonus. But with the 300 micron stainless steel filter around the diptube, I can fill the keg without having to filter anything out of the fermenter. If some of the Mosaic hops from the first dry hop addition make it’s way into the keg, all the better! The keg dry hop addition seemed to create at least the illusion of a protective layer on the surface as the keg filled.

You can also see from the picture a food grade silicone tube dangling in the keg, this has a carbonation stone attached to it. I like this method for hoppy beers as it allows me to carbonate quickly and perfectly, removing any of the guessing game. But also I’m never purging the keg from lets say 30 psi to serving pressure potentially allowing hop aroma to escape. I leave the carbonation stone in the keg until it kicks.

My current process with a carbonation stone is:

Fill the keg with C02 to around 8 PSI for 24 hours (I still do a small initial purge to try to get any oxygen out during racking), allowing the beer to cool (I don’t generally cold crash, I just cut my diptubes a little and allow this process to happen in the keg under C02). Raise C02 to 10 PSI for about 5 hours and then raise the PSI to serving pressure 12-14 PSI, where it stays. Usually, I have perfectly carbonated beer by day two and for sure around days 3-5.