Others who have been identified as collaborators included Lee Doo-hang, who was involved in the murder of Korean Empress Myeongseong in 1895 and became governor of North Jeolla Province after the Japanese occupation, the officials serving Emperor Gojong known as The Five Eulsa Traitors, who also countersigned the 1905 treaty, and Bae Jeong-ja, the foster daughter of the Japan's first governor of Korea, Hirobumi Ito, who spied on Korean independence activists.