The Minnesota Wild drafted him in the seventh round (No. 206) of the 2004 NHL Draft while he was playing in Russia. Khudobin's pro career in North America got off to a solid start when he had a 20-1-4 record, 1.98 goals-against average and a .934 save percentage for Texas of the ECHL in 2007-08. He also went 2-2-1 with a 1.99 GAA and a .911 save percentage in 12 games with Houston of the American Hockey League that season.

Khudobin's athleticism has helped the well-traveled goalie fashion a long NHL career.

The Minnesota Wild drafted him in the seventh round (No. 206) of the 2004 NHL Draft while he was playing in Russia. Khudobin's pro career in North America got off to a solid start when he had a 20-1-4 record, 1.98 goals-against average and a .934 save percentage for Texas of the ECHL in 2007-08. He also went 2-2-1 with a 1.99 GAA and a .911 save percentage in 12 games with Houston of the American Hockey League that season.

He got his first shot at the NHL with a two-game call-up with the Wild in February of 2010 and played four games for them the following season before being traded to the Boston Bruins on Feb. 28, 2011.

A strong season at Providence of the AHL led to a call-up to the Bruins as the emergency goalie during the playoffs in 2011. Khudobin did not play in any of Boston's 25 games on its way to a Stanley Cup championship but was included in the Bruins' Stanley Cup celebration photo and received a ring.

In 2012-13, Khudobin was the backup to starter Tuukka Rask, winning nine of 14 decisions with a 2.32 GAA and a .920 save percentage. Those numbers caught the attention of the Carolina Hurricanes, who signed Khudobin as a free agent July 5, 2013.

He had 19 wins in 36 games during his first season with Carolina in 2013-14 but was traded again, this time to the Anaheim Ducks, on June 27, 2015.

Khudobin played nine games for the Ducks before signing as a free agent with the Bruins on July 1, 2016. His return to Boston lasted two seasons; he signed a free agent contract with the Dallas Stars on July 1, 2018, joining his fifth NHL team.

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