Theresa May has suffered a second devastating defeat on her Brexit deal, which was rejected by MPs by a huge margin of 149.

Anti-EU Tories and the Democratic Unionist Party dealt the prime minister a hammer blow by rejecting her claim to have delivered changes to allow the UK to escape the Irish backstop.

Seconds after the defeat was announced, Ms May – croaking heavily, after losing her voice – confirmed MPs will have the chance on Wednesday to veto a no-deal Brexit.

She said Conservative MPs would be handed a free vote, after threats of ministerial resignations if a whip was imposed, but did not say how she would vote herself.

Ms May also said the Commons had to decide on the various Brexit options left open – including a second referendum on whether to leave the EU.

A total of 75 Conservatives voted against their government – well down on the 118 in January, but helping to inflict a defeat by 391 votes to 242.

Meanwhile, Michel Barnier, the EU’s chief negotiator, made clear there would be no fresh offer from Brussels to try to persuade MPs to change their minds.

Britain Before Brexit: Northern Ireland Show all 12 1 /12 Britain Before Brexit: Northern Ireland Britain Before Brexit: Northern Ireland Derry, Londonderry A garage door displaying unionism, bolted shut, like a visual representation of Brexit Britain, locked to outsiders, safeguarding what’s inside Richard Morgan/The Independent Britain Before Brexit: Northern Ireland Derry, Londonderry Rossville Street, the site of Bloody Sunday, where messages demand a severance with England. From this perspective, Britain is England in sheep’s clothing, the real empire, the centre of colonial power Richard Morgan/The Independent Britain Before Brexit: Northern Ireland Bangor A political message in paint not yet dry, still forming, setting, adjusting, or in old paint finally eroding, melting away Richard Morgan/The Independent Britain Before Brexit: Northern Ireland Bangor Moral judgement frames a residential view. The message seeks to make everybody involved in the religious narrative: those who don’t believe are those most in debt Richard Morgan/The Independent Britain Before Brexit: Northern Ireland Castlerock The beach is sparse and almost empty, but covered in footprints. The shower is designed to wash off sand, and a mysterious border cuts a divide through the same sand Richard Morgan/The Independent Britain Before Brexit: Northern Ireland Belfast Two attempts to affect and care for the body. One stimulated by vanity and social norms and narratives of beauty, the other by a need to keep warm in the winter night Richard Morgan/The Independent Britain Before Brexit: Northern Ireland Belfast The gate to an unclaimed piece of land, where nothing is being built, where no project is in the making, where a sign demands the creation of something new Richard Morgan/The Independent Britain Before Brexit: Northern Ireland Derry, Londonderry Under a motorway bridge a woman’s face stares, auburn and red-lipped, her skin tattooed with support for the IRA and a message of hostility to advocates of the Social Investment Fund Richard Morgan/The Independent Britain Before Brexit: Northern Ireland Derry, Londonderry The Fountain Murals, where the curbs and the lampposts are painted the red, white, and blue of the Union Flag. A boy walks past in the same colours, fitting the scene, camouflaged Richard Morgan/The Independent Britain Before Brexit: Northern Ireland Coleraine A public slandering by the football fields, for all to see or ignore. I wonder if it’s for the police or for the community Richard Morgan/The Independent Britain Before Brexit: Northern Ireland Belfast A tattoo parlour, where the artist has downed tools, momentarily, bringing poise to the scene, which looks like a place of mourning, not a site of creation Richard Morgan/The Independent Britain Before Brexit: Northern Ireland Derry, Londonderry A barrier of grey protects the contents of this shop, guarding it from the streets outside, but it cannot conceal it completely, and the colours of lust and desire and temptation cut through Richard Morgan/The Independent

“The EU has done everything it can to help get the Withdrawal Agreement over the line,” he tweeted.

“The impasse can only be solved in the #UK. Our “no-deal” preparations are now more important than ever before.”

In her statement, Ms May said she would publish trade tariffs for a no-deal and plans for the Northern Ireland border before tomorrow’s vote.

She told MPs: “If the House votes to leave without a deal on 29 March, it will be the policy of the government to implement that decision.

“If the House declines to approve leaving without a deal on 29 March, the government will, following that vote, bring forward a motion on Thursday on whether parliament wants to seek an extension to Article 50.

“If the House votes for an extension, the government will seek to agree that extension with the EU and bring forward the necessary legislation to change the exit date commensurate with that extension.”

The prime minister implored MPs to recognise that “voting against leaving without a deal and for an extension does not solve the problems we face”.

“The EU will want to know what use we mean to make of such an extension,” she warned.

“This House will have to answer that question. Does it wish to revoke Article 50? Does it want to hold a second referendum? Or does it want to leave with a deal but not this deal?

“These are unenviable choices, but thanks to the decision the House has made this evening they must now be faced.”