U.S. President Donald Trump slapped tariffs on imported solar panels and washing machines, angering trade partners as he took his first major protectionist move a year into his term.

The United States will impose new duties of as much as 30 percent on foreign-made solar equipment, the U.S. Trade Representative’s office said Monday.

Trump also approved tariffs starting as high as 50 percent on imported washing machines. China and South Korea condemned the steps, with the Ministry of Commerce in Beijing calling them a “misuse” of trade measures.

The tariffs were announced as Trump prepares to travel to Davos for the World Economic Forum, where the international business and political elite are meeting to discuss topics including the backlash against globalization.

The new tariffs will add teeth to Trump’s “America First” foreign policy after months of threatening to get tough on what he sees as the unfair trade practices of nations including China and South Korea.

“Despite a positive world economic outlook at the outset of 2018, rising trade friction between the U.S. and some of its key trading partners, notably China, is one of the key risks to the global economic outlook,” said Rajiv Biswas, Singapore-based chief Asia-Pacific economist at IHS Markit.

LG Electronics, a maker of domestic appliances, and South Korean solar panel makers fell initially in Seoul trading on the news, while Samsung Electronics Co., which was little changed, said the tariff on washing machines is a “great loss” for U.S. workers and consumers.

The trade minister in Seoul said Tuesday that his nation will file a petition with the World Trade Organization against the U.S. for imposing anti-dumping duties on South Korean washing machine and solar panel makers. The U.S. decision is “excessive,” Kim Hyun-chong said.

China exported more than 21 million washing machines worth just under 19 billion yuan ($2.9 billion) globally from last January through November, according to customs data.

The U.S. measures will worsen the global trade environment, and China hopes Washington will show restraint in trade restrictions, according to a statement posted on the commerce ministry’s official WeChat account.

“The president’s action makes clear again that the Trump administration will always defend American workers, farmers, ranchers and businesses in this regard,” U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer said in a statement.

More U.S. trade action could be on the way. Negotiators from the U.S., Canada and Mexico are meeting this week in Montreal for the latest round of negotiations on a revised North American Free Trade Agreement.

While both Mexico and Canada are included in the new solar panel tariffs, Mexico was exempted from the washing machines remedy while Canada wasn’t.

The tariff actions may aggravate tensions in the talks over NAFTA, which Trump has threatened to pull out of the deal if Canada and Mexico don’t bend to U.S. demands.

The solar tariffs are lower than the 35 percent the U.S. International Trade Commission recommended in October after finding that imported panels were harming American manufacturers. The ITC was responding to a complaint by Suniva Inc., a bankrupt U.S. panel maker that sought duties on solar cells and panels.

The president approved four years of tariffs that start at 30 percent in the first year and gradually drop to 15 percent. The first 2.5 gigawatts of imported solar cells will be exempt from the tariffs, the USTR said in a statement.

In the washing machine case, Trump was responding to an ITC recommendation in November of tariffs following a complaint by Whirlpool Corp., which accused Samsung Electronics and LG Electronics Inc. of selling washing machines in the U.S. below fair market value.

Trump opted for the most punitive recommendation by ITC judges for residential washers. He ordered a 20 percent tariff on imports under 1.2 million units, and 50 percent on all subsequent imports in the first year, with duties lowering in the next two years.

“The newly announced tariffs on washing machines hit South Korea, which is home to Samsung and LG, which competes with Whirlpool, harder than China,” said Pauline Loong, managing director at research firm Asia-Analytica in Hong Kong. “It is significant that the Trump administration chose an industry, solar panels, that has been in dispute for years — since the Obama administration imposed tariffs in 2012 — to make its point with China ahead of Davos. It is not starting a new fight.”