Parallel Sharding on FLETA will aid the ubiquity of blockchain by enabling an increase in single blockchain capacity.

Decentralized technology has taken the tech world by storm and rightfully earned its place as an innovative new technology that will bring about a major focus to decentralize the internet. In order to build a decentralised internet, blockchain needs to go through a new generation of scalability products. The new generations of scalable-first blockchain implementations will come to the stable bases to build the new web 3.0.

This is where parallel sharding plays an important role. Sharding, in a nutshell, splits up the network into smaller sub-chains, which have their own state and transaction records. Nodes only have to validate transactions that occur on their own sub-chain, ignoring the others. On the network, some of the shards work in a semi-independent manner, which in turn highers the transactions per second and via the transaction validation process sharding provides a degree of parallelism.

Sharding provides a way of partitioning by spreading out the storage workload across a peer-to-peer network, this means that individual nodes are not solely responsible for processing the entire network’s transactional load. Alternately, each node only has to manage information associated with its shard. The data held within the shard and can still be distributed between other nodes, which keeps the ledger decentralized and safe because everyone can still see all the ledger entries; they simply don’t process and store all the information.

During a recent trial on the testnet, Zilliqa managed to process 2,488 transactions per second, which gave its blockchain implementation a strong proof of concept, however, FLETA’s Parallel sharding algorithm has enabled it to process up to 20,000 transactions per second. In FLETA, transactions are designed on the idea that shards can be treated interchangeably. It doesn’t quite work for Zilliqa, since in FLETA the shard is dictated by the sender, while in Zilliqa it is dictated by the shard of the contract, but it suggests that a similar idea might be applicable.

Another limitation of Zilliqa is that all nodes are assigned shards simultaneously, which causes idle phases during which the system can’t process any transactions before the nodes are bootstrapped in the shards. It also remains unclear how Zilliqa deals with transformation across shards thus far. Additionally, Zilliqa is currently only capable of handling specific types of smart contracts. In essence, Zilliqa’s proposal does not use a central coordinator and requires Dapps to reside in most of the shards, taking away its key advantage.

Unlike the single chain structure, each shard of FLETA has independent chains of shards which achieve complete parallel formation, increasing the processing speed. The sharding algorithm, which FLETA developed, can be operated in parallel, without double spending, as each shard is separated so that the data is not shared among them. Additionally, the enhancement of TPS (transactions per second) is achieved with the increase in the number of shards, along with the enhancement of TPS in each shard, making FLETA process up to 20,000 transactions per second. We are proud to report that this is the fastest TPS of individual shards among existing blockchain projects.

The Benefits of Parallel Sharding on FLETA:

Parallel action possible without double spending

Focused on TPS enhancement through an increase in shard numbers and each shard’s TPS

Able to process up to 20,000 transactions per one second during testnet stress tests.

Currently, two forms of sharding exist in FLETA: 1) partitioning data to store it and 2) partitioning a transaction to process it. The sharding described below refers to processing a transaction in parallel by using multiple nodes as shards.

To conclude, sharding is one of several popular methods being explored by developers to increase transactional throughput. As Blockchain hopes to forfeit issues around scalability, Sharding has come as a solution that will make blockchain attractive to a larger audience, bringing it closer to mass adoption.