"There is no unintelligent processes known to science that can generate codes and machines." -- Michael Egnor, neurosurgeon, February 5th 2009





"Why do Darwinists claim that intelligent design is untestable, and simultaneously claim that it is wrong?" -- Michael Egnor, neurosurgeon, February 5th 2009





"Allow them both to be presented so students could be exposed to both. They are competing theories. ... Intelligent design in my view is plausible and credible and something that should be taught." -- Tim Pawlenty, politician, August 2008









"Admitting our biases is the best way towards a rational discussion. Which I would welcome." -- John C. Lennox, mathematician, 2008





"First of all, I love science. I think that the way that Darwinism corrupts the evidence, distorts the evidence, is bad for science." -- Jonathan C. Wells, molecular biologist, 2008





"Intelligent design is the study of patterns in nature that are best explained as a result of intelligence. ... Intelligent design is a minimal commitment scientifically to the possibility of detecting intelligent causation." -- Paul A. Nelson, philosopher, 2008





"Well, evolution is a kind of funny word. It depends on how one defines it. If it means simply change over time, even the most rock-ribbed fundamentalist knows that the history of the Earth has changed, that there's been change over time. If you define evolution precisely though to mean the common descent of all life on Earth from a single ancestor via undirected mutation and natural selection, that's textbook definition of Neo-Darwinism, biologists of the first rank have real questions. -- Paul A. Nelson, philosopher, 2008





"Well, it's a funny thing that questions that aren't properly answered don't go away." -- Paul A. Nelson, philosopher, 2008



"[Darwinism is] a kind of amusing 19th century collection of anecdotes that is utterly unlike anything we see in the serious sciences. ... Yeah, biologists do agree that this is the correct theory for the origin and diversification of life, but here are some points you should consider as well: 1) the theory doesn't have any substance, 2) it's preposterous, 3) it's not supported by the evidence and 4) the fact that the biologists are uniformly in agreement about this issue could as well be explained by some solid Marxist interpretation of their economic interests." -- David Berlinski, author, 2008



"The extraordinary thing is that scientists accept the Big Bang and in the same breath deride the Creationists." -- Wallace Thornhill, physicist, date unknown



"He [Richard Dawkins] has the arrogance to say that anyone who does not share his views is infected with a virus. No wonder he cannot coexist peacefully with them." -- Freeman J. Dyson, physicist, September 2007





"I think Richard Dawkins is doing a lot of damage. I disagree very strongly with the way he's going about it. I don't deny his right to be an atheist, but I think he does a great deal of harm when he publicly says that in order to be a scientist, you have to be an atheist. That simply turns young people away from science. He's convinced a lot of young people not to be scientists because they don't want to be atheists. I'm strongly against him on that question. It's simply not true what he's saying, and it's not only not true it's harmful. The fact is that many of my friends are much more religious than I am and are first-rate scientists. There's absolutely nothing that stops you from being both." -- Freeman J. Dyson, physicist, September 2007





"The Cambrian explosion was the most remarkable and puzzling event in the history of life." -- Stephen J. Gould, biologist, 2007





"So it's not only that we are not alone in our own solar system, but those who came here were directly involved in bringing us about through genetic engineering by manipulating genetically the hominids, who were evolved on Earth through evolution, to bring them up to look like them and think like them and being able to learn from them. " -- Zecharia Sitchin, author, 2007









"...Evolution makes the strong prediction that if a single fossil turned up in the wrong geological stratum, the theory would be blown out of the water. When challenged by a zealous Popperian to say how evolution could ever be falsified, J.B.S. Haldane famously growled: 'Fossil rabbits in the Precambrian.'" -- Richard Dawkins, atheist preacher, The God Delusion, 2006

"The presence or absence of a creative super-intelligence is unequivocally a scientific question...." -- Richard Dawkins, atheist preacher, The God Delusion, 2006 "Teach both. You know, don't be afraid of information. Healthy debate is so important, and its so valuable in our schools. I am a proponent of teaching both." -- Sarah Palin, politician, October 2006"The presence or absence of a creative super-intelligence is unequivocally a scientific question...." -- Richard Dawkins, atheist preacher, The God Delusion, 2006

"...there is a God as a designer, who happens to be using the evolutionary process to achieve larger goals — which are, as far as we human beings can see, self-consciousness and conscience." -- Owen Gingrich, astronomer/historian, September 2006





"Intelligent design and evolutionary theory are either both testable or both untestable. Parity of reasoning requires that the testability of one entails the testability of the other. Evolutionary theory claims that certain material mechanisms are able to propel the evolutionary process, gradually transforming organisms with one set of characteristics into another (for instance, transforming bacteria without a flagellum into bacteria with one). Intelligent design, by contrast, claims that intelligence needs to supplement material mechanisms if they are to bring about organisms with certain complex features. Accordingly, testing the adequacy or inadequacy of evolutionary mechanisms constitutes a joint test of both evolutionary theory and intelligent design." -- William A. Dembski, philosopher, August 25th 2005



"Science will not collapse if some practitioners are convinced that occasionally there has been creative input in the long chain of being." -- Owen Gingrich, astronomer/historian, February 2005





"Evolutionary biologists claim to have demonstrated that design is superfluous for understanding biological complexity. But note: even such a claim demonstrates the genuine scientific status of intelligent design, for it implies that the question whether design is superfluous in biology is a legitimate scientific question and one whose outcome can be decided by scientific investigation. In science no outcome is a forgone conclusion." -- William A. Dembski, philosopher, March 21st 2002





"In fact, what we have here is irreducible complexity all the way down." -- Jonathan C. Wells, molecular biologist, 2002





"In evolutionary terms, you have to explain how you can build this system [the bacterial flagellum] gradually when there is no function until you have all those parts in place." -- Scott Minnich, molecular biologist, 2002





"I remember the first time I looked in a biochemistry textbook and I saw a drawing of something called a bacterial flagellum with all of its parts in all of its glory. It had a propeller and a hook region and the drive shaft and the motor and so on. I looked at that and I said that's an outboard motor. That's designed. That's no chance assemblage of parts." -- Michael J. Behe, biochemist, 2002





"...Homo sapiens simply sprang into being without the evolutionary process involved. In the absense of any other explanation, genetic engineering cannot be ruled out." -- David E. Twichell, author, 2001





"Science, we are told is tentative. And given the history of science, there is every reason to be tentative. No scientific theory withstands revision for long, and many are eventually superseded by theories that flatly contradict their predecessors. Scientific revolutions are common, painful, and real. New theories regularly overturn old ones, and no scientific theory is ever the final word. But if science is tentative, scientists are not. As philosopher of science Thomas Kuhn rightly noted, it takes a revolution to change scientific theories precisely because scientists do not hold their theories tentatively. Thus, in his Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Kuhn quotes with approval Max Planck, who wrote: 'A new scientific truth does not triumph by convincing it's opponents and making them see the light, but rather because it's opponents eventually die, and a new generation grows up that is familiar with it.'" -- William A. Dembski, philosopher, March 16th 2000





"Was it thought out by somebody or did it just happen by chance? Which is really just the same thing as saying did the universe happen by chance isn't it? And I have to say, 'Well now look, it doesn't look to me at all like chance.'" -- Fred Hoyle, cosmologist, 2000



"I tell you, in the end, Chip [Arp], the universe will have it's say." -- Fred Hoyle, cosmologist, 2000



"We are all keenly interested in where we came from and where we are going, and cosmology, the study of the whole universe, is supposed to give us answers to these basic questions. In this sense it has much the same attraction for many as does religion." -- Fred Hoyle, cosmologist, 2000





"Are we spiritual machines?" -- William A. Dembski, philosopher, October 1999



"The fossil record - in defiance of Darwin's whole idea of gradual change - often makes great leaps from one form to the next. Far from the display of intermediates to be expected from slow advance through natural selection many species appear without warning, persist in fixed form and disappear, leaving no descendants. Geology assuredly does not reveal any finely graduated organic chain, and this is the most obvious and gravest objection which can be urged against the theory of evolution." -- Steve Jones, professor, Almost Like a Whale, 1999







"Highly improbable events don't happen by chance." -- William A. Dembski, philosopher, 1998



"It's impossible to be dead. Because to be is quite the opposite of death. But it's not important. If one lives or dies there is no meaning either way. One always does die. Whatever is alive has to die. Maybe that's the meaning of life. The meaning of life is inevitable death. You may regret the idea of dying. You probably wish that you could go on and see what happens tomorrow. But that's impossible. It's written that you should die today and that's that." -- Paul Bowles, author, 1998



"For example, the Cambrian strata of rocks, vintage about 600 million years, are the oldest ones in which we find most of the major invertebrate groups. And we find many of them already in an advanced state of evolution, the very first time they appear. It is as thought they were just planted there, without any evolutionary history. Needless to say, this appearance of sudden planting has delighted creationists." -- Richard Dawkins, atheist preacher, The Blind Watchmaker, 1996







"So I get all these results and now I'm unshiftable. I'm totally unshiftable now because it's sort of religion with me. That is the word of God. ... It's there. It's like the road to Damascus, you know in the Christian Doctrine. Your eyes are opened. And I don't move much from then onwards." --Fred Hoyle, cosmologist, July 5th 1996





"... ridiculous. They know! They're born to know that the particles in space are not bacteria. God has told them." -- Fred Hoyle, cosmologist, July 5th 1996



"The [young earth] creationist is a sham religious person who, curiously, has no true sense of religion. In the language of religion, it is the facts we observe in the world around us that must be seen to constitute the words of God. Documents, whether the Bible, Qur'an or those writings that held such force for Velikovsky, are only the words of men. To prefer the words of men to those of God is what one can mean by blasphemy. This, we think, is the instinctive point of view of most scientists who, curiously again, have a deeper understanding of the real nature of religion than have the many who delude themselves into a frenzied belief in the words, often the meaningless words, of men. Indeed, the lesser the meaning, the greater the frenzy, in something like inverse proportion." -- Fred Hoyle, cosmologist, 1993





"Biologists must constantly keep in mind that what they see was not designed, but rather evolved." -- Francis Crick, molecular biologist, 1990



"It is as though they [fossils] were just planted there, without any evolutionary history. Needless to say this appearance of sudden planting has delighted creationists." -- Richard Dawkins, atheist preacher, The Blind Watchmaker, 1986



"We have seen that living things are too improbable and too beautifully 'designed' to have come into existence by chance. How then did they come into existence? The answer, Darwin's answer, is by gradual step-by-step transformations from simple beginnings, from primordial entities sufficiently simple to have come into existence by chance." -- Richard Dawkins, atheist preacher, The Blind Watchmaker, 1986







"Biology is the study of complicated things that give the appearance of having been designed for a purpose." -- Richard Dawkins, atheist preacher, The Blind Watchmaker, 1986





"In the fabric of space and in the nature of matter, as in a great work of art, there is, written small, the artist's signature." -- Carl E. Sagan, professor, 1985



"I myself am convinced that the theory of evolution, especially the extent to which it’s been applied, will be one of the great jokes in history books of the future." -- Malcolm Muggeridge, satirist, The Advocate, March 8th 1984



"Darwin is the Newton of Biology." -- Philip S. Kitcher, philosophy professor (Columbia University), Abusing Science, June 1983





"A junkyard contains all the bits and pieces of a Boeing 747, dismembered and in disarray. A whirlwind happens to blow through the yard. What is the chance that after its passage a fully assembled 747, ready to fly, will be found standing there? So small as to be negligible, even if a tornado were to blow through enough junkyards to fill the whole Universe." -- Fred Hoyle, cosmologist, 1983



"The likelihood of the formation of life from inanimate matter is one out of 10 to the power of 40,000 … It is big enough to bury Darwin and the whole theory of evolution. There was no primeval soup, neither on this planet nor on any other, and if the beginnings of life were not random, they must therefore have been the product of purposeful intelligence." -- Fred Hoyle, astronomer, Evolution From Space, 1982



"One is forced to conclude that many scientists and technologists pay lip-service to Darwinian theory only because it supposedly excludes a Creator...." -- Michael Walker, professor, Quadrant, October 1982







"Once we see, however, that the probability of life originating at random is so utterly minuscule as to make the random concept absurd, it becomes sensible to think that the favourable properties of physics on which life depends are in every respect deliberate." -- Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramsinghe, cosmologists, 1981





"Any theory with a probability of being correct that is larger than one part in 10^40,000 must be judged superior to random shuffling [of evolution]. The theory that life was assembled by an intelligence has, we believe, a probability vastly higher than one part in 10^40,000 of being the correct explanation of the many curious facts discussed in preceding chapters. Indeed, such a theory is so obvious that one wonders why it is not widely accepted as being self-evident. The reasons are psychological rather than scientific." -- Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramsinghe, cosmologists, 1981





"The trouble is that there are about two thousand enzymes, and the chance of obtaining them all in a random trial is only one part in (10^20)^2,000 = 10^40,000, an outrageously small probability that could not be faced even if the whole universe consisted of organic soup. If one is not prejudiced either by social beliefs or by a scientific training into the conviction that life originated on the Earth [by chance or natural processes], this simple calculation wipes the idea entirely out of court." -- Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramsinghe, cosmologists, 1981





"Biochemical systems are exceedingly complex, so much so that the chance of their being formed through random shufflings of simple organic molecules is exceedingly minute, to a point indeed where it is insensibly different from zero." --Fred Hoyle and Chandra Wickramsinghe, cosmologists, 1981



"All paleontologists know that the fossil record contains precious little in the way of intermediate forms; transitions between major groups are characteristically abrupt. Gradualists usually extract themselves from this dilemma by invoking the extreme imperfection of the fossil record." -- Stephen J. Gould, biology professor (Harvard University), The Panda's Thumb, Page 189, 1980







"If you wish to make an apple pie from scratch, you must first create the universe." -- Carl E. Sagan, professor, 1980



"In fact, evolution became in a sense a scientific religion; almost all scientists have accepted it, and many are prepared to 'bend' their observations to fit with it." -- H.S. Lipson, physics professor (University of Manchester), "A Physicist Looks at Evolution," Physics Bulletin, Volume 31, Page 138, May 1980



"I think, however, that we must go further than this and admit that the only acceptable explanation is creation. I know that this is anathema to physicists, as indeed it is to me, but we must not reject a theory that we do not like if the experimental evidence supports it." -- H.S. Lipson, physics professor, University of Manchester, "A Physicist Looks at Evolution," Physics Bulletin, Volume 31, Page 138, May 1980





"Fossils can tell us many things, but one thing they can never disclose is whether they were ancestors of anything else." -- Colin Patterson, biologist, 1978





"Darwinism is not a testable scientific theory, but a metaphysical research programme." -- Karl Popper, philosopher, 1976





"Is it pure chance that night-blossoming flowers grow white the better to attract night moths and night-flying butterflies, emitting stronger fragrance at dusk, or that the carrion lily develops the smell of rotting meat in areas where only flies abound, whereas flowers which rely on the wind to cross-pollinate the species do not waste energy on making themselves beautiful, fragrant or appealing to insects, but remain relatively unattractive?" -- Peter Tompkins and Christopher Bird, botanists, 1973





"Is it chance that plants grow into special shapes to adapt to the idiosyncrasies of insects that will pollinate them, luring these insects with special color and fragrance, rewarding them with their favorite nectar, devising extraordinary canals and floral machinery with which to ensnare a bee so as to release it through a trap door only when the pollination process is completed?" -- Peter Tompkins and Christopher Bird, botanists, 1973





"... Directed Panspermia, the theory that organisms were deliberately transmitted to the earth by intelligent beings on another planet." -- Francis H.C. Crick, molecular biologist, and Leslie E. Orgel, biologist, 1972



"And the problem in geology is not only [a] problem of annihilation of species but also a problem of origin of species. In fact the very question of evolution: How could so many species that populate the Earth, and many more have populated without leaving a single descendant, how could so many species evolve just by the mere process of competition? From the original simple form, practically unicellular form, just by competition, can you understand how a crocodile and a bird and a worm and a man and an insect with many legs, all could come to be?" -- Immanuel Velikovsky, polymath, 1966



"And the very question of fossilization. A problem that was never adequately answered. With Darwin, it is animals are wading in shallow water, dieing when wading, being covered by sand before predatory fish would devour their cadavers. In the same time, in the same breath, Darwin claims that this process is going on only when the Earth subsides and the process is very slow counted in thousands and tens of thousands of years so where is the chance for cadavers to survive in this situation? And have you seen a cat wading in shallow water?" -- Immanuel Velikovsky, polymath, May 1966



"Scientists who go about teaching that evolution is a fact of life are great con-men, and the story they are telling may be the greatest hoax ever. In explaining evolution, we do not have one iota of fact." -- T.N. Tahmissian, Atomic Energy Commission, The Fresno Bee, August 20th 1959



"Transformism [evolution] is a fairy tale for adults." -- Jean Rostand, biologist, Age Nouveau, Page 12, Feb 1959



"That, by this, evolutionism would appear as a theory without value, is confirmed also pragmatically. A theory must not be required to be true, said Mr. H. Poincare, more or less, it must be required to be useable. Indeed, none of the progress made in biology depends even slightly on a theory, the principles of which are nevertheless filling every year volumes of books, periodicals, and congresses with their discussions and their disagreements." -- Louis Bounoure, biology professor (University of Strasbourg), Determinism and Finality, Page 79, 1957



"The reasonable view was to believe in spontaneous generation; the only alternative, to believe in a single, primary act of supernatural creation. There is no third position. For this reason many scientists a century ago chose to regard the belief in spontaneous generation as a 'philosophical necessity'. It is a symptom of the philosophical poverty of our time that this necessity is no longer appreciated. Most modern biologists, having reviewed with satisfaction the downfall of the spontaneous generation hypothesis, yet unwilling to accept the alternative belief in special creation, are left with nothing." -- George Wald, biology professor (Harvard University), "The Origin of Life", Scientific American, Pages 44-53, Aug 1954



"Again, it is said that he [Thales] regarded God as the intellect (or mind) of the universe and thought the whole to be animate (endowed with soul) and full of deities." -- Erwin Schrodinger, physicist, Nature and the Gods, 1954



"... Thales thought everything to be full of gods; that he attributed some moving power to the soul and ascribed the soul even to the stone, because it moved the iron. (This refers of course to the loadstone.)" -- Erwin Schrodinger, physicist, Nature and the Gods, 1954



"Evolution is a kind of dogma which its own priests no longer believe, but which they uphold for the people. It is necessary to have the courage to state this if only so that men of a future generation may orient their research into a different direction." -- Paul Lemoine, director of the National Museum of Natural History France, Encyclopedie Francaise, Volume 5, 1950s



"My oh my! In what gutters have you lain? Why don't you try sitting on the curb for awhile? Things might look better from there." -- Claude D. Bowles, dentist, 1950



"The German Fuehrer, as I have consistently maintained, is an evolutionist; he has consciously sought to make the practice of Germany conform to the theory of evolution." -- Arthur Keith, anatomist/anthropologist, Essays on Human Evolution, 1946



"Science without religion is lame...." -- Albert Einstein, mathematician, 1941



"Apparently the Creator does not favor a world of too great simplicity." -- Carl D. Anderson, physicist, 1936





"National Socialism is applied biology." -- Hans Schemm, Nazi Education Minister and president of the Nazi Teacher's Association, 1935





"National Socialism is nothing but applied biology." -- Rudolph Hess, Deputy Fuhrer, 1934



"Anybody who has been seriously engaged in scientific work of any kind realizes that over the entrance to the gates of the temple of science are written the words: 'Ye must have faith.'" -- Max Planck, physicist, 1932



"Grandfather, Great Spirit, you have been always, and before you no one has been. There is no other one to pray to but you. You yourself, everything that you see, everything has been made by you. The star nations all over the universe you have finished [created]." -- Black Elk, medicine man, August 1930



"Evolution itself is accepted by zoologists not because it has been observed to occur or is supported by logically coherent arguments, but because ... no alternative explanation is credible." -- D.M.S. Watson, zoology professor, evolution chair at University of London, Nature, Volume 123, Pages 231-234, Aug 1929



"... the theory of evolution itself, a theory universally accepted not because it be can proved by logically coherent evidence to be true but because the only alternative, special creation, is clearly incredible." -- D.M.S. Watson, zoology professor, evolution chair at University of London, Nature, Volume 123, Pages 231-234, Aug 1929



"The pathetic thing is that we have scientists who are trying to prove evolution, which no scientist can ever prove." -- Robert A. Millikan, physics professor (University of Chicago/Caltech), Nashville Banner, August 5th 1925





"... struggle is always a means for improving a species' health and power of resistance and, therefore, a cause of its higher evolution. If the process were different, all further evolution would cease and the opposite would occur." -- Adolf Hitler, Fuhrer, 1925





"Naked Atheism belongs to the wards of a lunatic asylum. The healthy person refuses to believe in a three legged stool without a carpenter. So this great Universe that has behind it no definite and contriving mind is unthinkable. One might as well say that Milton's Paradise Lost had its letters blown together by a whirlwind, as that the creation so built with mathematical laws and saturated with intelligence should be the creation of a mindless force." --Dr. Fickett, doctor, 1909





"Spiritual doctrines do not actually limit the mind as do materialistic doctrines." -- Gilbert K. Chesterton, philsopher, Orthodoxy, Chapter II: The Maniac, 1909





"Let it not be imagined that any hocus-pocus of electricty or viscous fluids will make a living cell." -- Lord Kelvin, physicist, October 23rd 1904





"... I am a firm believer in design." -- Lord Kelvin, physicist, Autumn 1903





"Forty years ago I asked [Justus Von] Liebig, walking somewhere in the country, if he believed that the grass and flowers which we saw around us grew by mere chemical force. He answered: 'No! no more than I could believe that a book of botany describing them could grow by mere chemical forces.' Every action of human free-will is a miracle to physical and chemical and mathematical science." -- Lord Kelvin, physicist, The Times, May 1903





"Science positively affirms creative power. ... we are absolutely forced by science to admit and believe with absolute confidence in a Directive Power -- in an influence other than physical, or dynamical, or electrical forces." -- Lord Kelvin, physicist, The Times, May 1903





"Is there anything so absurd as to believe that a number of atoms by falling together of their own accord could make a crystal, a sprig moss, a microbe, and a living animal?" -- Lord Kelvin, physicist, 1903





"We must pause, face to face with the mystery and miracle of the creation of living creatures." -- Lord Kelvin, physicist, 1893





"The influence of animal or vegetable life on matter is infinitely beyond the range of any scientific inquiry hitherto entered on. Its power of directing the motions of moving particles, in the demonstrated daily miracle of our human free-will, and in the growth of generation after generation of plants from a single seed, are infinitely different from any possible result of the fortuitous concourse of atoms." -- Lord Kelvin, physicist, March 1893





"I believe that the more thoroughly science is studied the further does it take us from anything comparable to atheism." -- Lord Kelvin, physicist, March 1887



"There is a grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed by the Creator into a few forms or into one." -- Charles R. Darwin, naturalist, On the Origin of Species, November 24th 1859



"Although geological research has undoubtedly revealed the former existence of many links, bringing numerous forms of life much closer together, it does not yield the infinitely many fine gradations between past and present species required on the theory; and this is the most obvious of the many objections which may be urged against it." -- Charles R. Darwin, naturalist, On the Origin of Species, November 24th 1859



"That many and serious objections may be advanced against the theory of descent with modification through natural selection, I do not deny." -- Charles R. Darwin, naturalist, On the Origin of Species, November 24th 1859



"Geology assuredly does not reveal any such finely-graduated organic chain; and this, perhaps, is the most obvious and serious objection which can be urged against my theory." -- Charles R. Darwin, naturalist, On the Origin of Species, November 24th 1859



"... the geological record [is] extremely imperfect, and will to a large extent explain why we do not find interminable varieties, connecting together all the extinct and existing forms of life by the finest graduated steps. He who rejects these views on the nature of the geological record, will rightly reject my whole theory. For he may ask in vain where are the numberless transitional links which must formerly have connected the closely allied or representative species, found in the several stages of the same great formation." -- Charles R. Darwin, naturalist, On the Origin of Species, November 24th 1859



"If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down." -- Charles R. Darwin, naturalist, On the Origin of Species, November 24th 1859



"But, as by this theory innumerable transitional forms must have existed, why do we not find them embedded in countless numbers in the crust of the earth?" -- Charles R. Darwin, naturalist, On the Origin of Species, November 24th 1859



"May we not believe that a living optical instrument might thus be formed as superior to one of glass, as the works of the Creator are to those of man?" -- Charles R. Darwin, naturalist, On the Origin of Species, November 24th 1859



"To suppose that the eye with all its inimitable contrivances for adjusting the focus to different distances, for admitting different amounts of light, and for the correction of spherical and chromatic aberration, could have been formed by natural selection, seems, I freely confess, absurd in the highest degree." -- Charles R. Darwin, naturalist, On the Origin of Species, November 24th 1859







"Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life." -- Charles R. Darwin, naturalist, November 24th 1859



"... thinking of so many cases of men pursuing an illusion for years, often and often a cold shudder has run through me, and I have asked myself whether I may not have devoted my life to a phantasy." -- Charles R. Darwin, naturalist, Letter to Charles Lyell, November 23rd 1859



"To go into solitude, a man needs to retire as much from his chamber as from society. I am not solitary whilst I read and write, though nobody is with me. But if a man would be alone, let him look at the stars. The rays that come from those heavenly worlds, will separate between him and what he touches. One might think the atmosphere was made transparent with this design, to give man, in the heavenly bodies, the perpetual presence of the sublime. Seen in the streets of cities, how great they are! If the stars should appear one night in a thousand years, how would men believe and adore; and preserve for many generations the remembrance of the city of God which had been shown!" -- Ralph W. Emerson, philosopher, 1849





"... atheism is in all respects hateful ...." -- Francis Bacon, natural philosopher, Essays: Of Atheism, 1597





"The Indians of the West, have names for their particular gods .... So that against the atheists, the very savages take part, with the very subtlest of philosophers." -- Francis Bacon, natural philosopher, Essays: Of Atheism, 1597





"It is true, that a little philosophy inclineth man's mind to atheism; but depth in philosophy bringeth men's minds about to religion." -- Francis Bacon, natural philosopher, Essays: Of Atheism, 1597





"I had rather believe all the fables in the Legend, and the Talmud, and the Alcoran, than that this universal frame is without mind." -- Fracis Bacon, natural philosopher, Essays: Of Atheism, 1597



"Favorinus says, when Plato read his treatise on the Soul, Aristotle was the only person who sat it out, and that all the rest rose up and went away." -- Diogenes Laertius, historian, 3rd century





"He [Anaxagoras] said that the beginning of the universe was mind and matter, mind being the creator and matter that which came into being. For that when all things were together, mind came and arranged them." -- Hippolytus, priest, 2nd century



"He [Anaximander] said ... that mankind was at the beginning very like another animal, to wit, a fish." -- Hippolytus, priest, 2nd century



"He [Pythagoras] declared also that the soul is immortal and that there is a change from one body to another [reincarnation]. Wherefore he said that he himself had been before Trojan times Aethalides, and that in the Trojan era he was Euphorbus, and after that Hermotimus the Samian, after which Pyrrho of Delos, and fifthly Pythagoras." -- Hippolytus, priest, 2nd century





"The fact is that nothing of man's usual possessions is more divine than reasoning, especially reasoning about the gods...." -- Plutarch, Moralia: Isis and Osiris (68), 1st century





"Thales said that the intelligence of the world was God. Anaximander concluded that the stars were heavenly deities. Democritus said that God, being a globe of fire, is the intelligence and the soul of the world. Pythagoras says that, of his principles, unity is God; and the good, which is indeed the nature of a unity, is mind itself...." -- Plutarch, historian, Concerning Nature, 1st century





"Who made these things or devised them? 'No one,' you say. Oh amazing shamelessness and stupidity!" -- Epictetus, philosopher, Discourses, 1st century





"If God had made colours, but had not made the faculty of seeing them, what would have been their use? None at all. On the other hand, if He had made the faculty of vision, but had not made the objects such as to fall under the faculty, what in that case also would have been the use of it? None at all. Well, suppose that He had made both, but had not made light? In that case, also, they would've been of no use. Who is it, then, who has fitted this to that and that to this? And who is it that has fitted the knife to the case and the case to the knife? Is it no one? And, indeed, from the very structure of things which have attained their completion, we are accustomed to show that the work is certainly the act of some artificer, and that it has not been constructed without purpose. Does then each of these things demonstrate the workman, and do not visible things and the faculty of seeing and light demonstrate Him? And the existence of male and female, and the desire of each for conjunction, and the power of using the parts which are constructed, do not even these declare the workman?" -- Epictetus, philosopher, Discourses, Book I, 1st century



"... religion, a subject upon which, at the present day, man is still entirely in the dark." -- Pliny the Elder, polymath, 77







"Through faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the word of God, so that things which are seen were not made of things which so appear." -- Hebrews 11:3





"Neither give heed to fables and endless genealogies, which minister questions, rather than godly edifying which is in faith: so do." -- 1 Timothy 1:4





"In whom also we have obtained an inheritance, being predestined according to the purpose of him who worketh all things after the counsel of his own will:" -- Ephesians 1:11





"For though there be that are called gods, whether in heaven or in earth, (as there be gods many, and lords many,) But to us there is but one God, the Father, of whom are all things, and we in him; and one Lord Jesus Christ, by whom are all things, and we by him." -- 1 Corinthians 8:5-6

"For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even his eternal power and Godhead; so that they are without excuse:" -- Romans 1:20

"Because that which may be known of God is manifest in them; for God hath shewed it to them." -- Romans 1:19

"God that made the world and all things, seeing that he is Lord of heaven and earth, dwelleth not in temples made with hands;" -- Acts 17:24





"And fear not them which kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul; but rather fear him which is able to destroy both body and soul in hell." -- Matthew 10:28









"And Pythagoras learned from the Egyptians his teachings about the gods, his geometrical propositions and theory of numbers, as well as the transmigration of the soul into every living thing." -- Diodorus Siculus, historian, 1st century B.C.

"... the disorderly clash of atoms which he [Epicurus] posits -- and this is a problem for Democritus too -- could never bring about our ordered universe." -- Marcus T. Cicero, philosopher, On Moral Ends, Book I, 1st century B.C.

"Again, he who does not perceive the soul and mind of man, his reason, prudence and discernment, to be the work of a divine providence, seems himself to be destitute of those faculties." -- Marcus. T. Cicero, philosopher, On the Nature of the Gods, Book II, Chapter LIX, 1st century B.C.

"Can any one in his sense imagine that this disposition of the stars, and this heaven so beautifully adorned, could ever have been formed by a fortuitous concourse of atoms? Or what other nature, being destitute of intellect and reason, could possibly have produced these effects, which not only required reason to bring them about, but the very character of which could not be understood and appreciated without the most strenuous exertions of well-directed reason?" -- Marcus T. Cicero, philosopher, On the Nature of the Gods, Book II, Chapter XLIV, 1st century B.C.

"Yet these people doubt whether the universe, from whence all things arise and are made, is not the effect of chance, or some necessity, rather than the work of reason and a divine mind. According to them, Archimedes shows more knowledge in representing the motions of the celestial globe than nature does in causing them, though the copy is so infinitely beneath the original." -- Marcus T. Cicero, philosopher, Book II, Chapter XXXV, The Nature of the Gods, 1st century B.C.

"Yet even from this inferior intelligence of man we may discover the existence of some intelligent agent that is divine, and wiser than ourselves; for, as Socrates says in Xenophon, from whence had man his portion of understanding?" -- Marcus T. Cicero, philosopher, The Nature of the Gods, Book II, Chapter VI, 1st century B.C.

"Certain thinkers say that the soul is intermingled in the whole universe, and it is perhaps this reason that Thales came to the opinion that all things are full of gods." -- Aristotle, philosopher, On The Soul, 350 B.C.

"Empedocles, then, was in error when he said that many of the characters presented by animals were merely the result of incidental occurrences during their development; for instance, that the backbone was divided as it is into vertebrae, because it happened to be broken owing to the contorted position of the foetus in the womb. In so saying he overlooked the fact that propogation implies a creative seed endowed with certain formative properties. Secondly, he neglected another fact, namely, that the parent animal pre-exists, not only in idea, but actually in time. For man is generated from man; and thus it is the possession of certain characters by the parent that determines the development of like characters in the child." -- Aristotle, On the Parts of Animals, Book I, 350 B.C.

"As with these productions of art, so also is it with the productions of nature." -- Aristotle, On the Parts of Animals, Book I, 350 B.C.

"... nor again could it be right to entrust so great a matter [nature] to spontaneity and chance. When one man said, then, that reason was present -- as in animals, so throughout nature -- as the cause of order and of all arrangement, he seemed like a sober man in contrast with the random talk of his predecessors. We know that Anaxagoras certainly adopted these views, but Hermotimus of Clazomenae is credited with expressing them earlier." -- Aristotle, Metaphysics, Book I, 350 B.C.

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"...it is sufficient to assume only one movent, the first of unmoved things, which being eternal will be the principle of motion to everything else." -- Aristotle, Physics, Book VIII, 350 B.C.

"... Anaxagoras, who says that all things were together and at rest for an infinite period of time, and that then Mind introduced motion and separated them...." -- Aristotle, Physics, Book VIII, 350 B.C.

"Spontaneity and chance, therefore, are posterior to intelligence and nature. Hence, however true it may be that the heavens are due to spontaneity, it will still be true that intelligence and nature will be prior causes of this All and of many things in it besides." -- Aristotle, Physics, Book II, 350 B.C.

"There are some too who ascribe this heavenly sphere and all the worlds to spontaneity. They say that the vortex arose spontaneously, i.e. the motion that separated and arranged in its present order all that exists. This statement might well cause surprise. For they are asserting that chance is not responsible for the existence or generation of animals and plants, nature or mind or something of the kind being the cause of them (for it is not any chance thing that comes from a given seed but an olive from one kind and a man from another); and yet at the same time they assert that the heavenly sphere and the divinest of visible things arose spontaneously, having no such cause as is assigned to animals and plants. Yet if this is so, it is a fact which deserves to be dwelt upon, and something might well have been said about it. For besides the other absurdities of the statement, it is the more absurd that people should make it when they see nothing coming to be spontaneously in the heavens ...." -- Aristotle, Physics, Book II, 350 B.C.

"He [Empedocles] tells us also that most of the parts of animals came to be by chance." -- Aristotle, Physics, Book II, 350 B.C.

"Certainly the early physicists found no place for chance among the causes which they recognized...." -- Aristotle, Physics, Book II, 350 B.C.

"... if chance were real, it would seem strange indeed, and the question might be raised, why on earth none of the wise men of old in speaking of the causes of generation and decay took account of chance; whence it would seem that they too did not believe that anything is by chance." -- Aristotle, Physics, Book II, 350 B.C.

"Some people even question whether they [chance and spontaneity] are real or not. They say that nothing happens by chance, but that everything which we ascribe to chance or spontaneity has some definite cause ...." --Aristotle, Physics, Book II, 350 B.C.

"Oh youth or young man, who fancy that you are neglected by the Gods, know that if you become worse you shall go to the worse souls, or if better to the better, and in every succession of life and death you will do and suffer what like may fitly suffer at the hands of like. This is the justice of heaven, which neither you nor any other unfortunate will ever glory in escaping, and which the ordaining powers have specially ordained; take good heed thereof, for it will be sure to take heed of you." -- Plato, philosopher, Laws: Book X, 360 B.C.

"Wherefore also finding the whole visible sphere not at rest, but moving in an irregular and disorderly fashion, out of disorder he [God] brought order, considering that this was in every way better than the other." -- Plato, philosopher, Timaeus, 360 B.C.

"Then I heard someone who had a book of Anaxagoras, as he said, out of which he read that mind was the disposer and cause of all, and I was quite delighted at the notion of this, which appeared admirable, and I said to myself; If mind is the disposer, mind will dispose all for the best, and put each particular in the best place ...." -- Plato, philosopher, Phaedo, 360 B.C.

"All things were mixed up together, then Mind came and arranged them all in distinct order." -- Anaxagoras, philosopher, 5th century B.C.

"He revealeth the deep and secret things: he knoweth what is in the darkness, and the light dwelleth with him." -- Daniel 2:22

"Where wast thou when I laid the foundations of the earth? declare, if thou hast understanding." -- Job 38:4

"He [God] directeth it under the whole heaven, and his lightning unto the ends of the earth." -- Job 37:3

"The lot is cast into the lap: but the whole disposing thereof is of the LORD." -- Proverbs 16:33

"He [God] telleth the number of the stars; he calleth them all by [their] names." -- Psalm 147:4

"Our God is in the heavens; he hath done whatsoever he hath pleased." -- Psalm 115:3

"Declare his glory among the heathen, his wonders among all people." -- Psalm 96:3

"The heavens declare the glory of God; the skies proclaim the work of His hands." -- Psalm 19:1

"... the host of heaven cannot be numbered...." -- Jeremiah 33:22

"Remember the former things of old: for I am God, and there is none else; I am God, and there is none like me, Declaring the end from the beginning, and from ancient times the things that are not yet done, saying My counsel shall stand, and I will do all my pleasure:" -- Isaiah 46:9-10

"Then God said, 'Let us [extraterrestrials] make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth on the earth.'" -- Genesis 1:26

"And God created great whales, and every living creature that moveth, which the waters brought forth abundantly, after their kind, and every winged fowl after his kind: and God saw that it was good." --Genesis 1:21 "... furthermore [the Chaldeans say], both the disposition and the orderly arrangement of the universe have come about by virtue of divine providence, and to-day whatever takes place in the heavens is in every instance brought to pass, not haphazard nor by virtue of any spontaneous action, but by some fixed and firmly determined divine action." -- Diodorus Siculus, historian, Library of History, Book II, 1st century B.C.

"And God said, let the earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself, upon the earth: and it was so. And the earth brought forth grass, and herb yielding seed after his kind, and the tree yielding fruit, whose seed was in itself, after his kind: and God saw that it was good." -- Genesis 1:11-12





"And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day." -- Genesis 1:8

"Well, it [Intelligent Design] could come about in the following way, it could be that at some earlier time somewhere in the universe a civilisation ... [came] to a very high level of technology and designed a form of life that they seeded onto perhaps this planet. Now that is a possibility, an intriguing possibility, and I suppose it's possible that you might find evidence for that if you look at the details of biochemistry and molecular biology you might find a signature of some sort of designer. And that designer could well be a higher intelligence from elsewhere in the universe." -- Richard Dawkins, atheist preacher, 2008