The U.S. Geological Survey has released the most detailed map of Mars ever made, using data taken from spacecraft that have orbited the Red Planet for more than 16 years.

The geologic map, free to download on the USGS website, shows how the planet’s landscape took shape, and could be an essential step towards human exploration.

"Findings from the map will enable researchers to evaluate potential landing sites for future Mars missions that may contribute to further understanding of the planet’s history," USGS Acting Director Suzette Kimball said in a statement on the agency’s website.

"The new Mars global geologic map will provide geologic context for regional and local scientific investigations for many years to come."