Karachi, Pakistan – In this city, the largest in the country, politics is heavily infused with issues of ethnicity and geography: in a city where almost everyone is a migrant, on some level, it is significant to assert not just where party supporters are from, but what parts of the city they now occupy.

Political parties will use graffiti, flags and banners, then, to do everything from simply spreading their slogans to challenging the hold of a rival party over an area.