To determine heterogeneous soil areas, farmers conduct an agrochemical analysis of soil. Usually, this is done every four years. Soil samples are taken either manually or using special equipment, and are then sent to a laboratory for analysis. Based on the results, farmers make digital maps of field properties. They are used to set tasks for agricultural equipment for the application of seeds and fertilizers.



The soil is examined for more than 30 parameters, with the main ones being acidity, the content of phosphorus, potassium, and humus. Acidity (pH) is the easiest one to measure. Its value can be determined either by laboratory testing or by measuring the soil with a field sensor. Additionally, acidity is an important factor of yield. For each crop, there is the pH value that helps it to grow best.



From the level of humus content, farmers estimate the fertility of different parts of the field and calculate doses of seeds and fertilizers. Phosphorus and potassium are necessary for the growth and development of plants so it is important to know the level of their content for calculating the exact rate of fertilizers.

