FILE - In this March 1, 2019, file photo, Sen. Kamala Harris, D-Calif., speaks at the Black Enterprise Women of Power Summit in Las Vegas. (AP Photo/John Locher, File)

FILE - In this March 1, 2019, file photo, Sen. Kamala Harris, D-Calif., speaks at the Black Enterprise Women of Power Summit in Las Vegas. (AP Photo/John Locher, File)

HOUSTON (AP) — Charging onto the home turf of their Democratic rivals, Sen. Kamala Harris campaigned in Texas for the first time Saturday while Sen. Bernie Sanders swung through California — both a test of early strength in a crowded presidential race and a peek at the country’s two biggest states carrying big stakes in 2020.

The timing of Harris’ visit to Houston was hard to miss — the California senator came to Beto O’Rourke’s backyard less than two weeks after the former Texas congressman jumped into the field with enthusiastic crowds, heavy cable news coverage and blockbuster fundraising.

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She chose the rally at Texas Southern University, a historically black campus, to roll out a teacher pay plan that marked the first policy proposal of her campaign. She did not so much as allude to O’Rourke or former San Antonio mayor Julian Castro, the first Texan in the 2020 race, but she drew a packed and diverse crowd in a city that will be the state’s biggest Democratic battleground.

One Texan that Harris did reference was former President Lyndon B. Johnson, praising him while calling for a federal investment in teacher salaries.

“LBJ was actually the last president that made a meaningful investment in public education,” Harris said. “He said famously that the reason to do that was to bridge the gap between helplessness and hope.”

For Sanders, meanwhile, the Vermont senator was back in California three years after arriving there as a beaten man in the 2016 presidential race. Now he is trying to reawaken the West Coast donor base and devoted volunteers he built then in the shadow of Harris, the state’s junior senator who has won statewide races in California three times.

Sanders sent a message Saturday to doubters. Just under a year before California’s March 2020 primary, he attracted a crowd of thousands to an outdoor rally in downtown Los Angeles. Supporters waving blue “Bernie” signs jammed shoulder-to-shoulder into a park and lined the steps of City Hall across the street, while others looked on from behind steel barricades a block away.

In a voice that echoed off downtown buildings, he ticked through his now-familiar proposals including universal health care and bridging the wealth gap, thrusting his finger in the air for emphasis, his white hair blowing in the breeze.

“Our job is to complete the revolution we began” in the last campaign, he told cheering supporters, while also promising to defeat Harris in California.

Sanders supporter Chris Schamber of Los Angeles, a county mental health worker and registered Democrat, noted that other Democrats were embracing Sanders’ agenda but “he’s the one I trust most because he was there first.”

Although Texas and California are not typical early campaign stops, the lure is both practical and symbolic — both states are delegate-rich, loaded with big donors and are early on the primary calendar in 2020. But Harris and Sanders are also making clear they’re not ceding ground in rival territory.

The Democratic stronghold of California is the biggest prize in the primary season, and it’s obvious that Harris plans to win her home state as part of her strategy to become the Democratic nominee.

But Sanders’ string of rallies in the state this week is a reminder that she will have to fight to defend her home turf. And it didn’t appear coincidental that his schedule took him to key battlegrounds such as San Diego, Los Angeles and San Francisco.

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The Vermont senator made a second-place finish in California’s 2016 presidential primary, when he won 27 of 58 counties. Where you win is especially important in a Democratic presidential contest in the state, because of party election rules that divvy up delegates reward candidates who do well in areas thick with Democrats, like Los Angeles and San Francisco.

Harris, who grew up in the San Francisco Bay area and now lives in L.A., has performed strongly in those areas in her three statewide races. She served two terms as state attorney general before going to the Senate.

And it’s those places where Sanders needs to improve on his 2016 showing. In a speech in San Diego Friday, he promised to steal California from Harris in 2020.

“He’s going where the Democratic voters are,” said Claremont McKenna College political scientist Jack Pitney.

Sanders is expected to make a strong push in the state, in part because even the second and third place finishers could end up with a significant load of delegates under the party’s complicated election rules.

Harris has locked up key endorsements in a show of home-state muscle, including from Gov. Gavin Newsom, an old friend, and numerous Democratic lawmakers.

One interested spectator to the Harris rally in suburban Houston wasLeah Stephanow, a high school government teacher in suburban Houston. She said she didn’t come to the Harris rally as someone already sold on the former prosecutor. Stephanow is a longtime Texan, but she called Castro, the San Antonio mayor, too passive to take on President Donald Trump, while wishing O’Rourke had made another run at the Senate.

“I just don’t think Beto’s ready for the national stage,” Stephanow said. “Just because you’re from Texas doesn’t mean you’re going to get Texas voters. Texans are very selective. I just think there’s a lot of curiosity right now.”

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Blood contributed from Los Angeles.

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Follow Paul J. Weber on Twitter: www.twitter.com/pauljweber . Follow Michael R. Blood on Twitter at http://twitter.com/MichaelRBloodAP .