Often, we humans tend to think they are the only species on Earth to create urban areas. But, when you think about it, there are a number of insect and animal species that congregate to form or occupy densely packed settings.

In some cases, such as Emperor penguins, they just group together en mass, but do not build elaborate nests or structures. In other cases, such as coral or certain species of termites and ants, intricate structures are constructed and occupied for extended periods of time. The following is a partial list (with photos) of some examples of urban areas created by the animal kingdom.

Ant colonies/hills – Whether its a tiny ant hill in your yard, driveway, or garden, or an enormous one found in more tropical climates, these are elaborate and complex structures constructed by thousands of ants. Several super colonies have been found in Europe and Australia. One super colony under Melbourne,, Australia is approximately 62 miles (100 km) wide.

Bank swallow nests – The nests built by bank swallows on the sides of earthen mounds are eerily reminiscent of the Native-American cliff dwellings of the American southwest.

Bee hives – Obviously the source to the phrases, ” bee hive of activity,” or “busy as a bee.” Bee hives are an excellent example of nature’s urban handicraft.

Cliff swallows – A fascinating nest design often constructed in multiple dwelling units under bridges, eaves, and roofs.

Coral reefs – Among the most beautiful and geographically largest structures built by nature.

Heron rookeries – Congregated in trees, these rookeries are a visible sight in many areas.

Hornet’s nests – A most delicate and intricate design that resembles paper-mache.

Penguin colonies – Below is a photo of a Emperor penguin colony.

Purple martin houses – ornithology’s multiple-family housing occupants, purple martins enjoy constructed apartment bird houses or single-family detached condominiums made out of gourds.

Stork rookeries – very similar to a great blue heron rookery.

Termite mounds/colonies – nature’s skyscraper builders, these termite colonies are impressive feats of engineering, as well as works of art. African and Australian termites construct the tallest non-human structures in world. An equivalent human skyscraper would be 2,000 feet tall when measured in proportion to its occupants height.