Dog Bite Statistics: By Breed, Demographics and Location | Updated for 2019

Maulings, attacks and bites from dogs can cause significant injury and death. While dogs are universally referred to as man’s best friend, we recognize the danger involved in dog attacks. We also understand that the truth can sometimes be biased or otherwise distorted.

How dangerous are certain dogs? Who is most likely to be bitten? Which breeds bite most often?

This list of dog bite statistics (updated with data for 2018) is a comprehensive attempt to answer these questions and more with data, facts, and studies, presented without subtext or a political agenda.

Dog Bite Resources

General Dog Bite Statistics

There are more than 90 million dogs living in over 50 million households in the United States. Approximately 4.5 million dog bites occur every year – the vast majority of them are minor and require no medical attention. However, from 2001 to 2016, the CDC estimates that there were 5,473,893 patients treated in Emergency Departments for injuries resulting from dog bites. According to the data, 91,244 of these patients were hospitalized as a result of a dog bite or attack. From 2001 to 2016, there was a 139 percent increase in hospitalizations due to dog bites.

Dog Bite Injuries and Hospitalizations by Year: 2001 – 2016

Year Injuries Age-Adjusted Rate Hospitalizations Age-Adjusted Rate 2001 368,557 129.62 3,651 1.29 2002 331,818 116.1 3,731 1.3 2003 332,105 115.47 4,576 1.58 2004 337,848 116.88 5,294 1.81 2005 321,717 110.59 4,225 1.43 2006 310,710 105.82 3,555 1.17 2007 312,239 105.54 3,897 1.29 2008 333,235 111.35 6,134 2.04 2009 337,526 112.31 4,908 1.6 2010 346,331 114.78 5,783 1.82 2011 359,972 118.34 6,294 1.95 2012 362,724 118.63 6,032 1.98 2013 346,925 113.18 7,412 2.37 2014 353,954 114.88 8,088 2.44 2015 348,000 111.35 8,939 2.72 2016 370,232 118.15 8,725 2.71

Dog Bite Fatalities in the U.S.

From 2005 – December of 2018, there were a reported 469 people killed by dogs in the United States.

U.S. Dog Bite-Related Fatalities: 2005 – 2016

Year Dog Bite Related Deaths 2005 29 2006 30 2007 35 2008 23 2009 32 2010 34 2011 31 2012 39 2013 32 2014 43 2015 36 2016 31 2017 39 2018 35*

*2018 data is current through December 1st.

There was an 82 percent increase in fatal dog attacks from the 1980s to 2012. 55.6 percent of all dog bite fatalities occur in children less than 10 years old. In 2017, there were 25 fatalities due to dog attacks – up from 18 in 2016. On average, 2 people in the U.S. die from rabies each year. 25 percent of fatal attacks are inflicted by chained dogs of various breeds.

Dog Bite Statistics by Breed

Breed-based statistics are notoriously hard to come by. However, according to one of the largest compilations of media reports – pitbulls and Rottweilers are responsible for significant portion of serious injury and death in dog attacks. The editors of ANIMALS 24-7 collected 5,460 dog attacks that resulted in sigificant injury or death where the breed was clearly identified by animal control officers or others with related experience. Below is a table of the 30 breeds indicated in the most attacks.

Dog Bite Statistics by Breed 1982 – 2014 | Top 30

Rank Breed of Dog Number of Attacks 1 Pitbull 3397 2 Rottweiler 535 3 German shepherd 113 4 Bullmastiff (Presa Canario) 111 5 Wolf hybrid 85 6 Husky 83 7 Akita 70 8 Boxer 64 9 Chow 61 10 Labrador 56 11 Pitbull/Rott. mix 56 12 German shepherd mix 45 13 Pitbull/Lab mix 43 14 Great Dane 37 15 Pit bull boxer mix 35 16 Mastiff 28 17 Labrador mix 27 18 Doberman 23 19 Pit mix unknown 22 20 Cane Corso/Italian Mastiff 21 21 Blue heeler 20 22 Bulldog (English) 20 23 Rottweiler/GSD mix 18 24 Malamute 15 25 Pitbull/GSD mix 15 26 Australian blue heeler 13 27 Saint Bernard 12 28 Australian Shepherd 11 29 German shepherd/Lab mix 11 30 Golden retriever 11

What is the Definition of a Vicious Dog?

In dogs, the term dangerous or vicious dog typically refers to a dog whose actions or behavior put the public at risk for injury or death. The legal definitions vary by state and states may have different classifications for both dangerous and vicious. For example, in South Carolina, a vicious dog is defined as any dog who evidences an abnormal inclination to attack persons or animals without provocations. Currently, 39 states have adopted dangerous dog legislation, 18 of which require dangerous dogs to be euthanized.

Who is Most Often Attacked by Dogs?

Men are treated for dog bite injuries slightly more often than women. From 2001 to 2016, 2,882,597 men were treated for dog bites (for an age-adjusted rate of 121.25 per 100,000) compared to 2,590,307 women (for a rate of 107.75). Young children are most likely to be seriously injured in a dog bite, with three-year-olds and four-year-olds treated for dog bite injuries at the highest rate( 248.11 per 100,000 and 251.35 per 100,000 respectively).

Dog Bite Injury Rate by Age: 2001 – 2016

When grouped by age, it’s clear that children are at the highest risk of injury, with children aged 5 – 9 having the highest combined rate of injury, followed by children 0 – 4 then 10 – 14.

Emergency Department Visits for Dog Bite Injuries by Age Group: 2001-2016

Age Group in Years Injuries Rate (per 100k) 00-04 yrs 624,868 196.20 05-09 yrs 717,988 223.64 10-14 yrs 569,639 170.49 15-19 yrs 388,733 113.58 20-24 yrs 424,196 123.23 25-29 yrs 375,525 113.74 30-34 yrs 318,092 97.38 35-39 yrs 323,223 97.93 40-44 yrs 338,363 98.08 45-49 yrs 323,208 92.41 50-54 yrs 309,250 91.43 55-59 yrs 227,277 75.48 60-64 yrs 162,616 65.56 65-69 yrs 121,818 61.93 70-74 yrs 86,503 56.63 75-79 yrs 73,951 61.05 80-84 yrs 52,687 58.38 85+ yrs 35,758 42.18

White, Non-Hispanic Americans are most often attacked by dogs, followed by African Americans, then Hispanic Americans.

Race/Ethnicity Dog Bite Injuries White Non-Hispanic 3,051,877 African American 596,725 Hispanic 402,774 All Others 202,419

Mail carriers in Los Angeles, Houston, and Chicago are the most likely to get attacked by a dog. In 2017, 6244 USPS employees we bit by dogs on the job.

How Dangerous Are Dog Bites?

The vast majority of dog bites are minor or cause no injuries. Of the 4.5 million dog bites recorded annually:

• 81 percent showed slight or no injury

• 18.99 percent were treated for injuries and released

• 0.01 percent displayed serious injuries resulting in hospitalization.

According to the CDC, 1.8 percent of all dog bites treated in emergency departments result in hospitalization. Dog bite fatalities account for 0.0005778 percent of total dog bites. According to hospital admissions, of people hospitalized for dog bites,

• 43 percent required treatment for skin and tissue infection;

• 22 percent had wounds of the legs or arms;

• 10.5 percent had wounds of the head, neck, or torso;

• 24.5 percent had other serious issues, such as bone fractures to blood poisoning.

In 2015, 28,000 people had to get reconstructive surgery due to dog bite injuries. You have a 1 in 112,400 chance of dying from a dog bite or strike. You are more at risk of dying from a gunshot (1 in 6,905), choking on food (1 in 3,461), and getting stung by a bee or wasp (1 in 63,225).

Dog Bites and Children

51 percent of all dog bite victims are children age 12 or younger. The rate of dog bite for children is highest between the ages of 5-9. Getting bitten by a dog is the 5th most frequent cause of visits to emergency rooms caused by activities common among children, such as playing sports, playing with animals, etc. 80 percent of severe dog bites in children involve the head and neck. Young children have difficulty discriminating dog body language and look mainly at the face of the dog to make their decisions. In dog attacks involving children 4 years and younger, 47 percent of the attacks were attributed to the family dog in their own home. In children under 10, 77 percent of all injuries occur to the face. Children 12 years and younger are 3 times more likely to be hospitalized for an object stuck in an ear, eye, or nose than for a dog bite.

Most Dog Bites Occur in Familiar Locations

80 percent of dog bites happen at home. More than half of dog bite attacks occur on the dog owner’s property. The Family Pet: 77% of biting dogs belong to the victim’s family or friend. Between 2006 and 2010, 77% of all animal bites reported in California were attributed to domestic dogs. According to a European study, all bites to children from unfamiliar dogs outside the home could have been prevented by simply leashing the dog. In the same study, 69% of dog attacks on children occurred in the dog’s own home – and there was no adult present for any of the attacks.

Dog Bites and Breed-Specific Legislation (BSL)

Breed-specific legislation (BSL) is a highly contentious policy that aims to target specific breeds considered dangerous or aggressive, in the hopes of curbing dog bites, dog attacks, and other aggressive behavior. More than 900 cities currently have some form of breed-specific legislation. 27 states enforce breed-specific legislation. 18 states have no breed-specific laws, and 5 states have prohibited breed-specific laws – although there may be local laws enforced because they have been grandfathered. There is no national database in the United States for officially keeping track of dog bite reports. The CDC stopped collecting breed data in dog-bite fatalities in 1998 due to the difficulty of accurately identifying a dog’s breed, even for professionals. Recent studies indicate that workers at shelters misidentified dogs’ breeds 50 to 87 percent of the time. Breed-specific laws have been opposed by numerous organizations, including the CDC, the AVMA, the American Bar Association, the Humane Society of the United States, and the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.

Why Do Dogs Attack Humans?

A 15-year study in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association identified multiple factors to a fatal dog-bite attack – none having to do with breed. This includes:

• No able-bodied person being present to intervene

• The victim having no familiar relationship with the dog

• The dog owner failing to neuter/spay the dog

• A victim’s compromised ability, whether based on age or physical condition, to manage their interactions with the dog

• The owner keeping dog as resident dog rather than family pet

• The owner’s prior mismanagement of the dog

• The owner’s abuse or neglect of the dog

Four or more of these factors were present in 75.5 percent of the cases examined in the study.

Which Breed Has the Strongest Dog Bite?

When measured by pounds per square inch (PSI), the Kangal has the highest bite force at 743 PSI, followed by the Doberman Pinscher at 600 PSI. For reference, the average human has a bite force is 150-200 PSI.

Top 12 Dog Bite Force by Breed

Dog Breed Bite Force (PSI) Kangal 743 Doberman Pinscher 600 English Mastiff 556 Wolfdog 406 Rottweiler 328 African Wild Dog 317 American Bulldog 305 German Shepherd 238 American Pitbull 235 Dutch Shepherd 224 Chow Chow 220 Malinois 195

Chart: The 12 Dog Breeds with the Strongest Bites

What Are the Most Aggressive Dogs?

Currently, the only method of measuring aggression comes from a universally recognized temperament test database from the American Temperament Test Society. According to their studies, the Bearded Collie is the most aggressive dog breed. Other notables include the Dachshund, Chihuahua, Sharpei, Schnauzer, Bulldog, and Chow Chow.

Breed Name Tested Passed Failed Pass Rate BEARDED COLLIE 51 29 22 56.90% SALUKI 67 46 21 68.70% SHETLAND SHEEPDOG 515 355 160 68.90% BASENJI 177 122 55 68.90% DACHSHUND (STANDARD SMOOTH) 49 34 15 69.40% CHIHUAHUA 46 32 14 69.60% CHINESE SHAR-PEI 214 152 62 71.00% STANDARD SCHNAUZER 76 54 22 71.10% BULLDOG 141 101 40 71.60% CHOW CHOW 99 71 28 71.70% AFGHAN HOUND 165 120 45 72.70% KERRY BLUE TERRIER 49 36 13 73.50% NORWEGIAN ELKHOUND 122 91 31 74.60% BLOODHOUND 40 30 10 75.00% CAIRN TERRIER 53 40 13 75.50% POODLE, MINIATURE 73 56 17 76.70% GIANT SCHNAUZER 265 205 60 77.40% FOX TERRIER, SMOOTH 58 45 13 77.60% OLD ENGLISH SHEEPDOG 49 38 11 77.60% SHIH TZU 49 38 11 77.60% AKITA 598 465 133 77.80% PORTUGUESE WATER DOG 163 127 36 77.90% DOGUE DE BORDEAUX 100 78 22 78.00% DACHSHUND (MINIATURE SMOOTH) 41 32 9 78.00% GERMAN SHORTHAIRED POINTER 137 107 30 78.10% AIREDALE TERRIER 110 86 24 78.20% KUVASZ 51 40 11 78.40% POODLE, TOY 57 45 12 78.90% MINIATURE SCHNAUZER 116 92 24 79.30% DOBERMAN PINSCHER 1780 1415 365 79.50% PEMBROKE WELSH CORGI 216 172 44 79.60% AUSTRALIAN CATTLE DOG 201 160 41 79.60% BEAGLE 79 63 16 79.70% GREYHOUND 69 55 14 79.70% BULLMASTIFF 151 121 30 80.10% SAMOYED 294 236 58 80.30% CARDIGAN WELSH CORGI 77 62 15 80.50% COLLIE 896 724 172 80.80% WEIMARANER 224 181 43 80.80% BELGIAN SHEEPDOG 516 418 98 81.00% BELGIAN TERVUREN 521 424 97 81.40% GREAT DANE 314 256 58 81.50% ITALIAN GREYHOUND 54 44 10 81.50% KEESHOND 87 71 16 81.60% BRIARD 382 312 70 81.70% PHARAOH HOUND 55 45 10 81.80% COCKER SPANIEL 233 191 42 82.00% AUSTRALIAN SHEPHERD 702 577 125 82.20% PAPILLON 96 79 17 82.30% BORDER COLLIE 312 257 55 82.40% MINIATURE PINSCHER 57 47 10 82.50% AMERICAN ESKIMO 86 71 15 82.60% GREATER SWISS MOUNTAIN DOG 262 217 45 82.80% DALMATIAN 359 299 60 83.30% GORDON SETTER 67 56 11 83.60% YORKSHIRE TERRIER 43 36 7 83.70% BOXER 472 396 76 83.90% RHODESIAN RIDGEBACK 563 474 89 84.20% ROTTWEILER 6012 5093 919 84.70% ALASKAN MALAMUTE 244 207 37 84.80% GREAT PYRENEES 152 129 23 84.90% SAINT BERNARD 53 45 8 84.90% ENGLISH SPRINGER SPANIEL 162 138 24 85.20% VIZSLA 54 46 8 85.20% GERMAN SHEPHERD DOG 3383 2885 498 85.30% BOUVIER DES FLANDERS 925 790 135 85.40% AMERICAN STAFFORDSHIRE TERRIER 743 635 108 85.50% JACK RUSSELL TERRIER 69 59 10 85.50% CAVALIER KING CHARLES SPANIEL 62 53 9 85.50% GOLDEN RETRIEVER 813 696 117 85.60% WHIPPET 203 175 28 86.20% MIXED BREED 1218 1051 167 86.30% BOSTON TERRIER 80 69 11 86.30% BERNESE MOUNTAIN DOG 194 168 26 86.60% MASTIFF 263 228 35 86.70% SIBERIAN HUSKY 310 269 41 86.80% AMERICAN BULLDOG 214 186 28 86.90% MANCHESTER TERRIER (STD) 62 54 8 87.10% POODLE, STANDARD 266 232 34 87.20% AMERICAN PIT BULL TERRIER 931 814 117 87.40% NEWFOUNDLAND 176 154 22 87.50% CHESAPEAKE BAY RETRIEVER 123 108 15 87.80% CANE CORSO 235 207 28 88.10% WEST HIGHLAND WHITE TERRIER 68 61 7 89.70% BORZOI 111 100 11 90.10% IRISH WOLFHOUND 101 91 10 90.10% PRESA CANARIO 41 37 4 90.20% BEAUCERON 53 48 5 90.60% IRISH SETTER 154 140 14 90.90% STAFFORDSHIRE BULL TERRIER 143 130 13 90.90% BRITTANY SPANIEL 122 111 11 91.00% SCHIPPERKE 130 119 11 91.50% BORDER TERRIER 143 131 12 91.60% BULL TERRIER 83 76 7 91.60% CURLY-COATED RETRIEVER 181 166 15 91.70% PUG 48 44 4 91.70% FLAT-COATED RETRIEVER 87 80 7 92.00% LABRADOR RETRIEVER 842 776 66 92.20% ENGLISH COCKER SPANIEL 75 70 5 93.30% BLACK RUSSIAN TERRIER 164 154 10 93.90% BELGIAN MALINOIS 440 414 26 94.10% BOERBOEL 57 54 3 94.70% FRENCH BULLDOG 52 50 2 96.20%

How Many Dogs Are Euthanized Each Year for Biting?

Each year, approximately 670,000 dogs in shelters are euthanized.

Dog Bites and Animal Abuse

According to the Humane Society of the United States, data on animal abuse cases show that there is a correlation between domestic violence and animal abuse. In one survey, 71 percent of domestic violence victims reported that their abuser also targeted pets. In one study of child abuse, researchers found that pet abuse had occurred in 88 percent of the families under supervision for physical abuse of their children.

How Dangerous Are Pitbulls?

Of the 35 fatal dog attacks in 2018, 21 were identified as pit bulls or pit bull mixes. More than 30 breeds of dogs and mixes are incorrectly identified as pit bulls in dog bite incidents, attributing the pit bull with an unfair and overstated number of incidents. Pit bulls are not a breed, but rather a loosely defined and general category – requirements which can vary depending on the source. Generally, any blocky-headed dog or mix of breed that between 35 to 100 pounds can fall into this category – a broad qualification that 30 individual dog breeds may fall into. State Farm Insurance, the largest insurance company in the United States, does not discriminate against pit bull breeds when determining insurance policies and settlements. 86.8 percent of American Pit Bull Terriers have passed their temperament tests – higher than Collies, Golden Retrievers, and Beagles. 22 percent of shelters euthanize pit bull breeds, regardless of their general temperament. You are 200 times more likely to die from taking aspirin than from a fatal pit bull attack.

How Much Compensation Do Insurance Companies Provide for Dog Bites?