A correction officer who was on duty when a homeless veteran died in an overheated cell at Rikers Island was charged on Monday with lying on jail records, falsely claiming she had checked on the inmate that night, according to prosecutors.

The charges against the officer, Carol Lackner, come 10 months after the death of Jerome Murdough, who was arrested on trespassing charges in February after seeking shelter from the cold in the stairwell of a Harlem public housing project. Officer Lackner so far is the only person to face criminal charges in the 56-year-old man’s death, which provoked condemnation from New York City leaders and drew attention to deep-seated problems at Rikers that have become the focus of federal and city investigators.

Officer Lackner, 34, said in an interview that she was not the only one on duty that night and complained that none of her supervisors had been similarly punished.

“I don’t know why I’m getting all the blame,” she said.

Officer Lackner, who pleaded not guilty at her arraignment on Monday afternoon in State Supreme Court in the Bronx, was not directly charged with Mr. Murdough’s death. Instead, she was indicted on charges of falsifying business records and offering a false instrument for filing, both felonies, and other misdemeanors, including official misconduct.