PARIS — Accusations of wine fraud, which have been swirling around the international trade in rare vintages, have now struck home at the source of some of the world’s most prized bottles, the cellars of Burgundy.

The Burgundy wine industry has been in an uproar since news emerged last week that four executives of one of the largest wine producers in the region, Labouré-Roi, had been detained on suspicion of falsely labeling hundreds of thousands of bottles of wine.

The allegations follow closely on a separate case in which a grand jury in New York last month charged an Indonesian wine collector, Rudy Kurniawan, with multiple counts of fraud in what prosecutors described as a multimillion-dollar scheme to sell wines falsely labeled under prestigious names like Chateau Pétrus and Domaine de la Romanée-Conti.

While the case against Mr. Kurniawan centers on what appeared to be old, trophy bottles that sometimes changed hands for tens of thousands of dollars, the suspected fraud at Labouré-Roi involves more recent, more modest wines. Still, it is perhaps more insidious, because it involves vastly greater volumes of wine and because it originated in Burgundy itself, rather than in a far-off counterfeiter’s workshop.