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Welcome to The Hill’s Morning Report. Happy Thursday! Our newsletter gets you up to speed on the most important developments in politics and policy, plus trends to watch. Alexis Simendinger and Al Weaver are the up-early co-creators. Find us @asimendinger and @alweaver22 on Twitter and CLICK HERE to subscribe!







The United States on Wednesday officially accused Iran of “an act of war” against oil facilities in Saudi Arabia, but it was not President Trump Donald John TrumpFederal prosecutor speaks out, says Barr 'has brought shame' on Justice Dept. Former Pence aide: White House staffers discussed Trump refusing to leave office Progressive group buys domain name of Trump's No. 1 Supreme Court pick MORE who spoke of war. It was Secretary of State Mike Pompeo Michael (Mike) Richard PompeoWatchdog confirms State Dept. canceled award for journalist who criticized Trump Trump's push for win with Sudan amps up pressure on Congress Putin nominated for Nobel Peace Prize MORE, who traveled to Jeddah to consult Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman about options to deter Tehran’s aggressions.

Trump said he was not keen to order anything that might embroil the United States in military action in the Middle East, and he defended his caution against criticism by some conservatives that the United States appears weak to the Iranians.

“It’s a sign of strength,” the president countered, adding no specifics to his instruction to the Treasury Department to levy new sanctions on Iran.

“We have plenty of time to do some dastardly things,” Trump told reporters. “There are many options. There’s the ultimate option and there are options a lot less than that.”

The Hill: Trump said he was considering a range of potential actions against Iran.

In Jeddah, Saudi officials displayed what they said was evidence that Iran was responsible for Saturday’s missile and drone strikes deep inside the country. Iran continues to deny involvement in the attacks that damaged the world’s biggest crude oil processing facility and initially knocked out half of Saudi output. Saudi Arabia is the world’s leading oil exporter (Reuters).

Trump’s “maximum pressure” policy of economic sanctions imposed on Iran has been designed to curb its nuclear capabilities and has succeeded in pressuring Iran’s leaders, but Trump’s approach has not deterred Iran’s aggressive behavior, according to analysts and lawmakers.

“We’re working to build out a coalition to develop a plan to deter them,” Pompeo added, arguing that Americans in Saudi Arabia has been placed at risk. “We want to work to make sure infrastructure and resources are put in place such that attacks like this would be less successful than this one appears to have been.”

John Bolton John BoltonJudge appears skeptical of Bolton's defense of publishing book without White House approval Maximum pressure is keeping US troops in Iraq and Syria Woodward book trails Bolton, Mary Trump in first-week sales MORE, who was recently jettisoned as Trump’s third national security adviser, let loose on Wednesday at a private lunch, offering criticism of the president’s failure to respond to the Iranian attack on an American drone earlier this summer. He argued it set the stage for the Islamic Republic’s aggression in recent months because Trump did not retaliate after the shootdown (Politico).

Trump on Wednesday named as his fourth national security adviser the administration’s hostage negotiator Robert O’Brien, a lawyer who previously worked with Bolton (The Hill). O’Brien’s ascent is seen as a plus for Pompeo, who was among his champions to get the job (The New York Times).

Jason Rezaian: The Saudi-Iran rivalry isn’t new, but it’s getting riskier by the hour.

Max Boot: In his showdown with Iran, Trump blinks.

Josh Rogin: Trump could hit back against Iran inside Syria.

P.W. Singer: The future of war is already here.

Jonathan Stevenson: Trump’s national security yes man is in for a bumpy ride.













LEADING THE DAY





CONGRESS: Senate Republicans are taking a wait-and-see approach after the White House released a proposal to expand background checks, one that isn’t considered a final product by any means. As the president withholds support, lawmakers are in the dark about what he’ll eventually back.

The proposal, which is a version of the 2013 bill sponsored by Sen. Pat Toomey Patrick (Pat) Joseph ToomeyAppeals court rules NSA's bulk phone data collection illegal Dunford withdraws from consideration to chair coronavirus oversight panel GOP senators push for quick, partial reopening of economy MORE (R-Pa.) and Sen. Joe Manchin Joseph (Joe) ManchinThe debate over the filibuster entirely misses the point Trump plans to pick Amy Coney Barrett to replace Ginsburg on court Day before Trump refused to commit to peaceful transition, Aaron Sorkin described how he would write election night MORE (D-W.Va.), arrived early Wednesday and has been treated as a trial balloon by members, many of whom reacted cautiously.

“There are some ideas floating around that different members of the administration are coming up with, and at this point it’s probably too early to say” if Republicans will support it, said Sen. John Thune John Randolph ThuneHouse to vote on resolution affirming peaceful transition of power Trump dumbfounds GOP with latest unforced error Senate passes resolution reaffirming commitment to peaceful transition of power MORE (S.D.), the No. 2 Senate Republican. “Our members are going to be very — proceed with caution — very skeptical of some of the ideas that have been put out there in the past, but I think they’re willing to listen.”

According to Toomey, the blueprint was drafted by Attorney General William Barr Bill BarrFederal prosecutor speaks out, says Barr 'has brought shame' on Justice Dept. Why a backdoor to encrypted data is detrimental to cybersecurity and data integrity FBI official who worked with Mueller raised doubts about Russia investigation MORE, who has been on Capitol Hill for the last two days meeting with lawmakers about gun violence and the proposal (The Hill).

The memo floats the idea of conducting background checks for all commercial sales through a federally licensed firearms dealer or a newly created class of licensed transfer agents.

However, among Senate Republicans, the main question continues to crop up: What will Trump support, and will he support this proposal? The answer could make or break negotiations.

"My question to the attorney general ... was what is the president going to support? What is the president going to put forward?” Sen. Josh Hawley Joshua (Josh) David HawleyHillicon Valley: Subpoenas for Facebook, Google and Twitter on the cards | Wray rebuffs mail-in voting conspiracies | Reps. raise mass surveillance concerns Trump faces tricky choice on Supreme Court pick FBI director warns that Chinese hackers are still targeting US COVID-19 research MORE (R-Mo.) said, adding that he needs to “evaluate” the proposal. "I need to evaluate it. It's more sort of a, I don't want to say thought experiment ... but it's more in the way that here's some ideas that one could turn into a concrete proposal” (The Hill).

Trump told reporters aboard Air Force One on his return to Washington that he has not seen the document, but called the proposal a “series of concepts.”

“We’re looking at many different things … [W]e’re throwing out many different ideas to Republicans and Democrats, see where they all come out. And that was the document you were talking — I haven’t seen that document,” Trump said. “But we’re throwing a lot of ideas out, but we’re always going to be watching extremely closely the second amendment.”

“And about a week ago we asked Bill [Barr] to get involved, and those are ideas that we’re talking to Republicans, Democrats, everybody about. Some they like, some they don’t like,” Trump said. “Just a series of concepts.”

The Washington Post: Trump administration plan on gun background checks draws NRA opposition.

> Funding fiasco: Spending talks hit another setback on Wednesday amid an entrenched fight over funding for the president’s border wall as Senate Democrats blocked a bill to fund most of the federal government with 11 days left before the Sept. 30 deadline to avoid a shutdown.

Senators voted 51-44 on taking up a House-passed bill that was expected to be the vehicle for any Senate funding action. The bill needed 60 votes to pass. Republicans tried to pressure Democrats into supporting the measure ahead of the failed vote Wednesday. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell Addison (Mitch) Mitchell McConnellDemocratic senator to party: 'A little message discipline wouldn't kill us' House to vote on resolution affirming peaceful transition of power Republican lawyers brush off Trump's election comments MORE (R-Ky.) accused Democrats of also sinking defense legislation over an immigration fight with Trump.

“We’ve seen our Democratic colleagues suggest that they may try to shoehorn their long-standing disagreements with President Trump into this appropriations process even though we all agreed not to insist on poison pills,” McConnell said.

Across the halls of Congress, House Democrats filed legislation for a stopgap spending bill that would extend government funding until Nov. 21, with a floor vote on the measure expected today.

“While the House did its work, the Senate appropriations process is far behind. Because of this delay, we must pass a continuing resolution to avoid another government shutdown,” House Appropriations Committee Chairwoman Nita Lowey Nita Sue LoweyTop House Democrats call for watchdog probe into Pompeo's Jerusalem speech With Biden, advocates sense momentum for lifting abortion funding ban Progressives look to flex their muscle in next Congress after primary wins MORE (D-N.Y.) said.

The final measure included a Democratic demand that the Department of Agriculture report to Congress about the effects of the trade war on farmers, as well as a package of health-related extenders (The Hill).

> Impeachment: House Democrats are struggling to defend their impeachment strategy as the rift between Speaker Nancy Pelosi Nancy PelosiDemocratic senator to party: 'A little message discipline wouldn't kill us' Overnight Health Care: New wave of COVID-19 cases builds in US | Florida to lift all coronavirus restrictions on restaurants, bars | Trump stirs questions with 0 drug coupon plan Overnight Defense: Appeals court revives House lawsuit against military funding for border wall | Dems push for limits on transferring military gear to police | Lawmakers ask for IG probe into Pentagon's use of COVID-19 funds MORE (D-Calif.) and Judiciary Committee Chairman Jerrold Nadler Jerrold (Jerry) Lewis NadlerDemocrats shoot down talk of expanding Supreme Court Schumer: 'Nothing is off the table' if GOP moves forward with Ginsburg replacement Top Democrats call for DOJ watchdog to probe Barr over possible 2020 election influence MORE (D-N.Y.) widens.

A day after Corey Lewandowski Corey R. LewandowskiTrump faces tricky choice on Supreme Court pick How Trump can win reelection: Focus on Democrats, not himself Trump Jr. distances from Bannon group, says he attended 'single' event MORE testified before the panel, House Democrats on Wednesday offered mixed reviews his appearance which quickly devolved into chaos as the former top Trump aide refused to answer most questions about his role in the president’s alleged efforts to obstruct the investigation of former special counsel Robert Mueller Robert (Bob) MuellerCNN's Toobin warns McCabe is in 'perilous condition' with emboldened Trump CNN anchor rips Trump over Stone while evoking Clinton-Lynch tarmac meeting The Hill's 12:30 Report: New Hampshire fallout MORE.

Some lawmakers made clear their disappointment with his testimony, headlined by Pelosi, who reportedly told lawmakers that Lewandowski should have been held in contempt “then and there,” according to Politico. Others echoed the speaker and believed it went poorly.

“If our objective is to draw out facts and shape the narrative for the American people, that wasn’t a great way to start,” said Rep. Jared Huffman Jared William HuffmanOVERNIGHT ENERGY: House passes sweeping clean energy bill | Pebble Mine CEO resigns over secretly recorded comments about government officials | Corporations roll out climate goals amid growing pressure to deliver OVERNIGHT ENERGY: House Democrats tee up vote on climate-focused energy bill next week | EPA reappoints controversial leader to air quality advisory committee | Coronavirus creates delay in Pentagon research for alternative to 'forever chemicals' COVID-19 complicates California's record-setting wildfire season MORE (D-Calif.), a supporter of impeachment (The Hill).

The Washington Post: House Democrats eager to impeach Trump struggle to galvanize public support.

> Intel: Intelligence Community Inspector General Michael Atkinson is expected to appear before the House Intelligence Committee in a classified session closed to the public on Thursday as the committee seeks information about a whistleblower complaint involving communications between Trump and a foreign leader, reportedly by phone, about an unspecified topic.

According to The Washington Post, the complaint has triggered a battle between the intelligence community and Congress, with House Intelligence Committee Chairman Adam Schiff Adam Bennett SchiffSchiff to subpoena top DHS official, alleges whistleblower deposition is being stonewalled Schiff claims DHS is blocking whistleblower's access to records before testimony GOP lawmakers distance themselves from Trump comments on transfer of power MORE (D-Calif.) pushing intelligence officials to reveal details about the whistleblower complaint.

While Atkinson determined the complaint to be credible and troubling enough to be considered a matter of “urgent concern,” a legal threshold that ordinarily requires notification of congressional oversight committees, Joseph Maguire, the acting director of national intelligence, has refused to share details of the communications with lawmakers. This has set off accusations that Maguire is “improperly protecting the president improperly,” according to the Post.







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IN FOCUS/SHARP TAKES





POLITICS: Allies of former Vice President Joe Biden Joe BidenFormer Pence aide: White House staffers discussed Trump refusing to leave office Progressive group buys domain name of Trump's No. 1 Supreme Court pick Bloomberg rolls out M ad buy to boost Biden in Florida MORE worry that the electability argument the former vice president has made central to his campaign is losing steam and showing signs that it won’t be able to hold up over time.

According to a report by Amie Parnes, one longtime Democratic donor who has contributed to Biden's campaign and once believed he was the only formidable candidate to defeat the president, says Sen. Elizabeth Warren Elizabeth WarrenOvernight Defense: Appeals court revives House lawsuit against military funding for border wall | Dems push for limits on transferring military gear to police | Lawmakers ask for IG probe into Pentagon's use of COVID-19 funds On The Money: Half of states deplete funds for Trump's 0 unemployment expansion | EU appealing ruling in Apple tax case | House Democrats include more aid for airlines in coronavirus package Warren, Khanna request IG investigation into Pentagon's use of coronavirus funds MORE (D-Mass.) is making a large dent in the argument.

"She's rocking and rolling. She's taking from Kamala [Harris], she's taking from Bernie [Sanders] and she could eventually take from Biden," the donor said about Warren, who continues to ascend in the 2020 primary race

Most recently, Warren made waves when she attracted 20,000 to a campaign rally in New York earlier this week and continued to be effective in rolling out policy proposals.

As for Biden, he remains the front-runner for the party’s nod, forcing his rivals to figure out a way to top him. However, as Niall Stanage writes, the path is far from clear as Biden has proved a durable leader in the clubhouse.

Biden sits atop primary polls despite multiple subpar debate performances and several negative storylines centering on his gaffes along the campaign trail and in interviews. However, the only two candidates who have attacked him relentlessly and with force — Sen. Kamala Harris Kamala HarrisTexas Democratic official urges Biden to visit state: 'I thought he had his own plane' The Hill's Campaign Report: Biden on Trump: 'He'll leave' l GOP laywers brush off Trump's election remarks l Obama's endorsements A game theorist's advice to President Trump on filling the Supreme Court seat MORE (D-Calif.) and former Housing and Urban Development Secretary Julián Castro — have suffered backlashes.

Meanwhile, the two non-Biden front-runners have shied away from attacking Biden in a personal way. Sen. Bernie Sanders Bernie SandersSirota reacts to report of harassment, doxing by Harris supporters Republicans not immune to the malady that hobbled Democrats The Hill's Morning Report - Sponsored by Facebook - Republicans lawmakers rebuke Trump on election MORE (I-Vt.) has sought to highlight policy differences rather than personal ones. However, Warren has had as much success as anyone by simply leaving him alone and allowing others to go on the offensive against the former vice president.

The Hill: Warren shows signs of broadening her base.

The New York Times: Joe Biden believes in the good will of Republicans. Is that naïve?

Outside of the top tier of candidates, Harris has seen her support in public opinion polls crater in recent weeks, headlined by a new Politico poll that saw her support fall 8 percentage points, demonstrating the latest sign that her presidential bid has lost momentum after her high-profile performance in the first debate.

As Julia Manchester reports, strategists blame a number of factors, including what some see as her inconsistency on policy issues such as “Medicare for All” and criminal justice reform — a problem at a time when Sanders and Warren have articulated a clear progressive vision, while Biden is widely associated with centrist stances on key issues.

“The biggest problem for Kamala Harris right now is people are asking what does Kamala Harris stand for,” said Andrew Feldman, a Democratic strategist. “And that is not a good question for people to be asking about a presidential candidate or any campaign.”

The Atlantic: The Democratic debates aren't pleasing anyone.

> Sanford speaks: Former Rep. Mark Sanford Mark SanfordOn The Money: Business world braces for blue sweep | Federal Reserve chief to outline plans for inflation, economy | Meadows 'not optimistic' about stalemate on coronavirus deal Trump critic Sanford forms anti-debt advocacy group Republicans officially renominate Trump for president MORE (R-S.C.) is blaming the president for the "destruction" of the Republican brand in a new interview with The Hill’s Scott Wong, saying, "This movie does not end well" for the GOP.

The former South Carolina governor and congressman says Trump is refusing to debate him and removing him from primary ballots in places such as his home state and Arizona because "he doesn't feel confident about his ideas in the public square."

Sanford also left the door open to voting for a Democrat if Trump wins the nomination. While the former South Carolina lawmaker says he does not agree with Rep. Justin Amash Justin AmashRon Paul hospitalized in Texas Internal Democratic poll shows tight race in contest to replace Amash Centrist Democrats 'strongly considering' discharge petition on GOP PPP bill MORE (Mich.) that impeachment is the way to oust Trump, he would welcome the Independent congressman to the presidential primary race.

His former House GOP colleagues, especially those in the Freedom Caucus, say Sanford's campaign is a fool's errand, adding that it’s all about Sanford and no one else.

The New York Times: “3 Musketeers” or “3 Stooges”? Republicans challenging Trump may fall in between.

Elsewhere in 2020 news … Rep. Joe Kennedy Joseph (Joe) Patrick KennedyDemocrats see fundraising spike following Ginsburg death Massachusetts town clerk resigns after delays to primary vote count Bogeymen of the far left deserve a place in any Biden administration MORE III (D-Mass.) is expected to launch a primary bid against Sen. Ed Markey Edward (Ed) John MarkeyA game theorist's advice to President Trump on filling the Supreme Court seat Watchdog confirms State Dept. canceled award for journalist who criticized Trump 3 reasons why Biden is misreading the politics of court packing MORE (D-Mass.) after floating a possible run in recent weeks. The race will set up a generational contrast between Kennedy, 38, and Markey, 73, who assumed the seat in 2013 after a lengthy career in the House ( The Hill).







The Morning Report is created by journalists Alexis Simendinger and Al Weaver. We want to hear from you! Email: asimendinger@thehill.com and aweaver@thehill.com. We invite you to share The Hill’s reporting and newsletters, and encourage others to SUBSCRIBE!







OPINION





Nadler’s House Committee holds a faux hearing in search of a false crime, by Andrew C. McCarthy, opinion contributor, The Hill. https://bit.ly/2mnAF87

All but two Democratic presidential candidates should drop out now, by Jessica A. Levinson, opinion contributor, The Hill. https://bit.ly/2kt9OXI







WHERE AND WHEN





Hill.TV’s “Rising” at 9 a.m. ET features first part of a three-part Krystal Ball interview with presidential candidate Andrew Yang Andrew YangBiden's latest small business outreach is just ... awful Doctor who allegedly assaulted Evelyn Yang arrested on federal charges The Hill's Campaign Report: Biden weighs in on police shootings | Who's moderating the debates | Trump trails in post-convention polls MORE; New York Times writers Kate Kelly and Robin Pogrebin, co-authors of The Education of Brett Kavanaugh ; Kayleigh McEnany, the national press secretary for the Trump reelection campaign; Dan Rosenzweig, CEO of the education technology company Chegg, and higher education specialist Ajita Talwalker Menon, who both talk about resolving resolving college student debt problems. Find Hill.TV programming at http://thehill.com/hilltv or on YouTube at 10 a.m.

The House meets at 10 a.m. House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy Kevin Owen McCarthyHouse to vote on resolution affirming peaceful transition of power Ginsburg becomes the first woman to lie in state in the Capitol McCarthy says there will be a peaceful transition if Biden wins MORE (R-Calif.) will hold a press conference at 11:30 a.m.

The Senate convenes at 9:30 a.m.

The president arrived back at the White House from California shortly after midnight. He has no public schedule today.

Pompeo travels from Saudi Arabia to Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, to meet with Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed al-Nahyan to discuss “regional and bilateral issues.”

Economic indicator: The National Association of Realtors’ reports on U.S. existing home sales in August will be released at 10 a.m.

MSNBC, Georgetown University, Our Daily Planet and New York Magazine group-host a climate forum beginning at 9:30 a.m. through Sept. 20 and featuring 2020 presidential candidates, including one Republican. The five top-tier Democrats had not committed by early this week to participating (The Hill). Information and a schedule are HERE.

The Center for Deliberative Democracy at Stanford University, the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago and By the People Productions host “America in One Room (A1R)” in Dallas today through Sept. 22 to bring a “representative sample of the nation’s voters” together with presidential candidates for discussions about major issues. Information is HERE.

The Washington Monument reopens to the public today after being closed for renovations for three years. Want tickets? WTOP has some information HERE.







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ELSEWHERE





➔ Federal Reserve: As expected, the nation’s central bank cut interest rates for a second time in as many months as a hedge against global contraction and a potential future U.S. recession. Seven of the Federal Open Market Committee’s 10 voting members voted to cut rates by 0.25 percentage points, while three officials voted against the move. St. Louis Fed President James Bullard preferred a larger cut of 0.5 percentage points, while Boston Fed President Eric Rosengren and Kansas City Fed President Esther George voted to keep rates steady. Chairman Jerome Powell is reluctant to see the Fed tugged into Trump’s trade war with China, but willing to acknowledge its economic costs. "Tensions have waxed and waned and elevated uncertainty is weighing on U.S.investment and exports," Powell said. "Our business contacts around the country have been telling us that uncertainty about trade policy has discouraged them from investing in their businesses." The president lost no time in again berating Powell and the Fed on Twitter: “Jay Powell and the Federal Reserve Fail Again. No 'guts,' no sense, no vision! A terrible communicator!” (The Hill).

➔ Cities: Trump on Wednesday said the Environmental Protection Agency will issue a notice of violation within the week to San Francisco tied to its problem with homeless people living on the streets and related problems. Trump said there is “tremendous pollution” going into the Pacific Ocean from the city “including needles,” adding, “They have to clean it up. We can’t have our cities going to hell.” Flying aboard Air Force One with reporters, Trump said San Francisco, “is in serious violation.” The president has complained that the large numbers of homeless, including in San Francisco and Los Angeles, damage the “prestige” of the well known urban locations (Reuters). Pelosi represents a congressional district that includes San Francisco.

➔ Abortion: The number and rate of abortions in the United States have plunged to the lowest levels seen since the procedure became legal nationwide in 1973, according to new figures released Wednesday, in part because fewer women are becoming pregnant. The Guttmacher Institute, which counts all abortions in the country, noted that the U.S. birth rate, and the abortion rate, declined between 2011 and 2017, the years covered by the new report. A likely factor is increased accessibility of contraception since 2011, the institute said. The Affordable Care Act, enacted in 2010, required most private health insurance plans to cover contraceptives without out-of-pocket costs (The Associated Press).

➔ Canada: Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau Justin Pierre James TrudeauCanada says former ambassador to US violated conflict-of-interest law No new Canadian COVID-19 deaths reported for first time since mid-March Trudeau announces millions for first 'Black Entrepreneurship Program' MORE apologized on Thursday after a photo emerged of him in brownface at a costume party when he was a teacher in 2001, saying it was “a dumb thing to do.” The photo appears in a yearbook from the West Point Grey Academy, a private school in British Columbia where the prime minister taught prior to his career in politics. “I’m pissed off at myself, I’m disappointed in myself” Trudeau told reporters a week after he launched his reelection campaign (The Associated Press).

➔ State Watch: Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer (D) on Wednesday banned the sale of flavored e-cigarettes effective immediately (The Hill). ... Nine months after California Gov. Gavin Newsom Gavin NewsomOVERNIGHT ENERGY: California seeks to sell only electric cars by 2035 | EPA threatens to close New York City office after Trump threats to 'anarchist' cities | House energy package sparks criticism from left and right California seeks to sell only electric cars by 2035 EPA head questions connection of climate change to natural disasters MORE (D) was inaugurated and sent the state legislature a progressive agenda, several of his top priorities were abandoned in committee or left for dead on the floor. Newsom spent recent weeks frustrating allies by renegotiating deals they had believed were as good as done (The Hill). … Puerto Rico is trying to make a case to the Trump administration to release disaster relief funds to the territory that were approved by Congress following Hurricane Maria. Two years after the hurricane walloped the island, less than $2 billion of $8.3 billion in federal redevelopment funds authorized by Congress and grudgingly approved by the president have made it to Puerto Rico (The Hill).







THE CLOSER





And finally … It’s Thursday, which means it’s time for this week’s Morning Report Quiz! Inspired by today’s reopening of the Washington Monument after three years of renovations, we’re eager for some smart guesses about the obelisk that rises from the center of the nation’s capital.

Email your responses to asimendinger@thehill.com and/or aweaver@thehill.com, and please add “Quiz” to subject lines. Winners who submit correct answers will enjoy some richly deserved newsletter fame on Friday.

At one time, the Washington Monument was the tallest free-standing structure in the world. What eclipsed it?

Empire State Building Chrysler Building Eiffel Tower CN Tower

Which American political party is considered responsible for the halt in construction of the monument from 1854 to 1877?

Know-Nothing Party Whig Party Democratic Party Free Soil Party

While the monument is the tallest structure in Washington, D.C., it is not considered a building because it does not have successive occupiable floors. What is the tallest habitable building in Washington?

Trump Hotel (Old Post Office Building) Washington National Cathedral Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception United States Capitol

In what year did the Continental Congress vote to create an “equestrian statue” of George Washington, which was ultimately scrapped because he did not want to use public monies for the memorial?

1780 1783 1787 1790











