The league is divided into two classes of ownership, according to records filed in a New York State court this year in an unrelated case. Class A stakeholders are team owners with voting rights, of which Traffic is one, while Class B stakeholders include those who invested a significant amount of money in the league early on; they have input on some decisions.

Traffic Sports USA, according to records and confirmed by the league, is the majority Class B stakeholder, meaning that it has paid the most money among the investors in that group and that it collects the largest dividend payment.

Jarrett Campbell, founder of Triangle Soccer Fanatics, a nonprofit fan group in Cary that has spearheaded the protests against Traffic, said he was frustrated at the league’s lack of transparency about the company’s continuing role with the team.

“We’ve seen no verification that Traffic’s as totally out of the picture as the league has tried to suggest,” he said. “And locally, unequivocally, they’re still paying our bills here.”

Mr. Campbell said his concerns with Traffic predated the scandal. He said he had long felt that the company was not investing enough in the team or paying its players enough. Last year, the team’s leading scorer quit to study for the law-school entry exam, and five other players declined options to rejoin the team.

But Traffic’s involvement in the far-reaching corruption scheme was the last straw, Mr. Campbell said. Since then, he has asked the league to strip Traffic of its team ownership and to assume interim control, a suggestion league officials have not acted on. The league has procedures in place to deal with owners who fail to fulfill financial obligations, but by all accounts, Traffic’s checks have kept coming.