Author notes

These authors contributed equally to this work: Avery C. Rossidis, John D. Stratigis, Alexandra C. Chadwick, Heather A. Hartman. These authors jointly directed this work: Kiran Musunuru and William H. Peranteau

Affiliations

Division of Pediatric General, Thoracic, and Fetal Surgery, The Center for Fetal Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA Avery C. Rossidis, John D. Stratigis, Heather A. Hartman, Nicholas J. Ahn, Haiying Li, Kshitiz Singh, Barbara E. Coons, Philip W. Zoltick & William H. Peranteau Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA Alexandra C. Chadwick, Li Li, Wenjian Lv, Deepthi Alapati, William Zacharias, Rajan Jain, Edward E. Morrisey & Kiran Musunuru Department of Genetics, Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA Alexandra C. Chadwick, Li Li, Wenjian Lv & Kiran Musunuru Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA Deepthi Alapati, William Zacharias, Rajan Jain & Edward E. Morrisey

Contributions

A.C.R., J.D.S., A.C.C., and H.A.H. performed the experiments and acquired and analyzed the data. A.C.R. was the lead individual on the tyrosinemia experiments, J.D.S. was the lead individual on the Pcsk9 experiments, and A.C.C. did all initial in vitro work and continued as an instrumental contributor to both the Pcsk9 and tyrosinemia projects. N.J.A. and B.E.C. provided technical help, performed the prenatal injections, and assisted in acquiring the data. H.L. provided technical help, performed the in vitro ELISA assays, and acquired/analyzed the data. P.Z. provided technical help and designed plasmids. K.S. and W.L. provided technical help, performed the qRT-PCR experiments, and assisted in acquiring the data. L.L. performed critical technical help. D.A. and W.Z. designed the initial R26mTmG/+ screening studies. R.J. provided critical technical help and the histologic analyses. E.M.M. designed the original R26mTmG/+ screening studies and provided critical experimental guidance. K.M. and W.H.P. designed all the experiments, oversaw the performance of all the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the paper with support from A.C.R., J.D.S., and A.C.C.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Kiran Musunuru or William H. Peranteau.