Chinese government hackers working with the country’s traditional spies and agencies plotted and stole U.S. and European aircraft engine secrets to help Beijing leapfrog over its Western competitors in developing a domestic commercial aircraft industry, according to researchers at the cybersecurity protection firm CrowdStrike.

“Beijing used a mixture of cyber actors sourced from China’s underground hacking scene, Ministry of State Security or MSS officers, company insiders, and state directives to fill key technology and intelligence gaps in a bid to bolster dual-use turbine engines which could be used for both energy generation and to enable its narrow-body twinjet airliner, the C919, to compete against Western aerospace firms,” CrowdStrike said in a report released Monday evening.

[Probe faults Boeing over 737 Max details given to FAA before certification]

The MSS Jiangsu Bureau, China’s intelligence and security agency responsible for counterintelligence, foreign intelligence and political security, also has been tied to the 2015 hack of the U.S. Office of Personnel Management that led to the theft of highly confidential information on more than 20 million U.S. government employees.

While the U.S. Justice Department and the FBI already have indicted several key Chinese participants in the hacking and espionage schemes — and has arrested a few of them — the report presents a fuller picture of how all those Chinese hackers worked in concert to steal Western secrets.