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In the midst of a particularly hot summer, new research predicts heat waves will become more frequent in Canada — and up to five times more deadly.

More than 80 people died from extreme heat in Quebec alone last month, and this concerning trend is only expected to get worse, according to a study published in PLOS Medicine. The question is, by how much?

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“There is risk of heat waves around the world and because of this, we will see increased mortality,” said Antonio Gasparrini, a professor at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, who co-authored the study.

A heat wave occurs when a high-pressure system — causing a dome of warm air — remains anchored over a region. These domes often prevent low-pressure systems, or rain, from entering the area, causing extended hot and humid conditions. While countries near the equator will experience the most severe spikes in weather, traditionally temperate and cold regions will also be affected.