Electrical stimulation

Nine years ago, David Mzee was left paralysed by a gymnastics accident and told he would never walk again. Last week, he competed in a charity run during which he walked 390 metres, thanks to an experimental treatment that uses electrical stimulation of the spinal cord to rejuvenate dormant circuits in patients whose spinal breaks are not complete.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest Straight ahead to the future: the CloudMinds Meta helmet. Photograph: CloudMinds

Helmet for the blind

Designed by the Chinese organisation CloudMinds, Meta looks like a cycling helmet and uses sensors and cameras to map its environs, sending information to a cloud server to be processed by AI technology. The information can be communicated through speech, helping blind people and those with visual impairments to navigate streets, recognise objects and negotiate traffic lights and crossings.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest Loud and clear: the cognitive hearing aid. Photograph: Columbia University

Next-generation hearing aid

A cochlear implant might be nothing new, but researchers at Columbia University, New York, are working on a “cognitive hearing aid”, which monitors the brain activity of users to identify which voice the listener is focusing on. It then magnifies that audio while quietening surrounding noise, allowing for better hearing.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest Lyle Fleming using a robotic exoskeleton. Photograph: WCHS/ABC

Bionic exoskeleton

Last week, American Lyle Fleming was able to walk for the first time in six years thanks to an exoskeleton that has been described as a “legged Segway”. Designed to help those with paralysis to stand and walk, a similar wearable robotic frame was approved in 2012 by the US Food and Drug Administration for physical rehabilitation, to be used with crutches or walkers. Future exoskeletons may replace wheelchairs, providing greater mobility and health benefits.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest Now hear this: the sign language glove. Photograph: Electrical and Computer Engineering at Cornell University

Giving voice to the speech-impaired

Scientists in the US, UK and China are working on prototypes of gloves that translate the hand movements of sign language into speech, allowing real-time verbal communication with people not proficient in sign language.