LONDON — With songs and silence, the tolling of bells and the privacy of memory, residents of Manchester, England, on Tuesday marked the anniversary of a terrorist bombing at a rock concert that killed 22 people and challenged the city’s resilience.

On the night of May 22, 2017, Salman Abedi, a British citizen of Libyan descent, detonated explosives packed with nails, bolts and ball bearings at a concert by the singer Ariana Grande at the Manchester Arena.

The attack was by far the most devastating in the city since 1996, when a huge truck bombing by the Irish Republican Army reduced part of the center to rubble and injured scores.