Electrostatic Induction

Electrostatic induction is also named as electricity influence. It is a redistribution of electrical bid in an object, caused by the influence of nearby charges. In the proximity of a charged body, an insulated material develops a positive charge on one end and the negative charge on the else end. Due to electrostatic induction, the electric charge is similar and remains constant throughout a conductor. Electrostatic induction is also trusty for the attraction of nonconductive objects, such as balloons, paper or Styrofoam scraps, to static electric charges.

Explanation

A median uncharged piece of matter has equal amount of positive and negative charges in each part of it. These are located near to each other. the positive charges are the atoms which are enchained together and cannot move anywhere. The negative charges are called the electrons. Semiconductors such as metals, Electrons move freely in these types of materials.

When a charged particle is brought to the uncharged particle, according to the coulomb's law the positive charges attract the negative charges called electrons and electrons moves together and leaves their shells and come closer to the nuclei of metal. The result in a region of negative charge on the object nearest to the external charge, and a region of positive charges far away from it. These are called induced charges. If the external charge is negative then the polarity of the charged regions will be reversed.

Induction in dielectric materials

The same inductive effect happens in nonconductive materials, and attracts the light nonconductive materials, like balloons, Polystyrene etc.

In nonconductors, the electrons are bonded to the atoms and these are not free to move anywhere. If a positive charge came near to the nonconductive material then the electrons in each molecule are attracted toward it, and move the face of the molecule and the positive charge is on the molecule and as a result the positive charges repels each other and both moves in opposite direction. This phenomenon is called polarization and the polarized molecules are called dipoles.