At least 100 protesters have been arrested after thousands of demonstrators clashed with police at a rally in South Korea demanding a stronger government response to the ferry disaster a year ago that left more than 300 people dead.

Tensions have been running high among the surviving family members of the victims, who have expressed outrage that the South Korean government has failed to raise the ferry, conduct a full inquiry into the incident or recover all the bodies of those who died by the first anniversary of the tragic sinking, which counted 250 students on a school trip among the dead.

Around 13,000 police and 470 police buses were deployed to deal with the protesters around the main ceremonial thoroughfare in Seoul on Saturday.

South Korea ferry disaster Show all 50 1 /50 South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A woman ties a yellow ribbon dedicated to dead and missing passengers onboard sunken passenger ship Sewol to a pillar at Yellow Ribbon's Garden set up at Seoul City Hall Plaza South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A South Korean man walks past a well-wishing ribbon in Seoul South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster High school student who are members of the Youth section of the Seoul Alpine Federation, climb to display a sign reading 'My dear friend I will remember you forever' while hoping for the safe return of the sunken ferry Sewol's missing passengers as they hang on a rope bridge on the Ansan mountain in Seoul South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster High school student hold a sign reading 'My dear friend I will remember you forever' while hoping for the safe return of the sunken ferry Sewol's missing passengers as they hang on a rope bridge on the Ansan mountain in Seoul South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster File image: A diver gets out from the sea after attempting to search for the missing passengers at the site of the sunken South Korean ferry 'Sewol' off Jindo on 26 April, 2014 AFP/Getty Images South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A diver jumps into the sea during a search and rescue operation for the sunken ferry Sewol's missing passengers in waters off Jindo Island South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A diving bell, a rigid chamber used to transport divers to lower depths in the ocean is moved to be used in the search and rescue operation for the capsized ferry Sewol's missing passengers at a Jindo Island port South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Family members of missing passengers of the sunken Sewol ferry await news on relatives at Jindo-port on Jindo Island South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A hearse is pictured during the funeral of one of the student victims of sunken Sewol ferry at the funeral hall in Ansan South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Four crew members of the sunken ferry Sewol enter a court in Mokpo in southwestern South Korea South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Divers operate at the site where the capsized passenger ship Sewol sank in the sea off Jindo, during the search and rescue operation in the sea off Jindo South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A representative of civilian divers holds a news conference at a Jindo Island port, to complain about alleged inefficiency in the search and rescue operation for the missing passengers from the capsized ferry Sewol South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A grief-fuelled moment for a father of a victim of the Sewol ferry accident at a joint incense-burning altar set up at Ansan Olympic Memorial Hall in Ansan South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A family member of a victim, holding a portrait wrapped in white sheet, cries after paying tribute in Ansan at a temporary group memorial altar for victims of capsized passenger ship Sewol South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A girl weeps as she reads messages wishing for the safe return of missing passengers of sunken passengers ship at Danwon high school in Ansan South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Students attach messages wishing for the safe return of missing passengers of sunken passengers ship at the Ansan Olympic Memorial Hall in Ansan South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A family member of a missing passenger of capsized passenger ship Sewol cries after she identified her family member on a list of newly found bodies on a noticeboard at makeshift accommodation at a gymnasium in the port city of Jindo South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A mother of a passenger aboard the sunken ferry Sewol in the water off the southern coast cries after confirming her daughter's name on the list of the victims found dead at a port in Jindo South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Relatives of a passengers aboard the sunken ferry Sewol and Buddhist monks pray for the safe return of missing passengers at a port in Jindo South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster The orange sun begins to set above searchers and divers looking for bodies of passengers believed to have been trapped in the sunken ferry Sewol in the water off the southern coast near Jindo South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A weeping relative of a passenger aboard the sunken Sewol ferry prays as she awaits news on her missing loved one at a port in Jindo South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Relatives of a passenger on board the capsized South Korean ferry Sewol weep at an area where family members of victims of the disaster are gathered at Jindo harbour South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Family members of missing passengers in the sunken ferry Sewol returning from a visit to the ferry sinking site, at a port on Jindo Island, in the southwestern province of South Jeolla South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Relatives of victims of the 'Sewol' ferry attend a prayer session in a tent at Jindo harbour South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A funeral service for three Danwon High School students killed in the sinking of the ferry Sewol takes place at the school compound in Ansan, south of Seoul South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster South Korean rescue members carry the body of a victim recovered from the "Sewol" ferry to an ambulance at a harbour in Jindo South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster An ambulance (L) transporting the bodies of victims recovered from the "Sewol" ferry drives past policemen at a harbour in Jindo South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster South Korean rescue workers carry the body of a victim of the ferry Sewol sinking at Jindo-port on Jindo Island in the southwestern province of South Jeolla South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster South Korean coast guards and rescue workers are seen at the accident site of the capsized South Korean ferry Sewol in Jindo South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A South Korean coast guard helicopter flies over the accident site of the capsized South Korean ferry Sewol in Jindo South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster South Korean Special Forces and Coast Guard members are seen operating in the search and rescue operation for the missing passengers of the Sewol sunken ferry, at sea at the accident site, about 20km off Jindo-port on Jindo Island in the southwestern province of South Jeolla South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A massive rescue and search operation underway in waters around the ferry Sewol's sinking site at sea, about 20 km off Jindo-port, Jindo Island, in the southwestern province of South Jeolla South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Sailors of the sunken ferry Sewol enter a court in Mokpo, South Jeolla Province South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Lee Joon-seok (3rd L) the captain of the ferry Sewol that sank off South Korea, and two crew members prepare to leave a court which issued their arrest warrant in Mokpo, south of Seoul South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Lee Joon-seok (C) the captain of the sunken ferry boat Sewol in the water off the southern coast, arrives at the headquarters of a joint investigation team of prosecutors and police in Mokpo, south of Seoul South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A local resident weeps during a prayer to wish for the safe return of passengers of the sunken ferry Sewol during an annual Easter service in Jindo, South Korea AP South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A woman writes a message for missing passengers on the capsized Sewol passenger ship, which sank in the sea off Jindo, South Korea Reuters South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Family members and friends of missing passengers of the Sewol ferry sinking attend a funeral service for a student killed in the accident, at Danwon High School in Ansan, South Korea EPA South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Family members and friends of missing passengers of the Sewol ferry sinking attend a funeral service for a student killed in the accident EPA South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Family members and friends of missing passengers of the Sewol ferry sinking attend a funeral service EPA South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Rescue workers carry the bodies of passengers who were on the capsized Sewol passenger ship Reuters South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster A relative of a missing passenger aboard the sunken ferry Sewol consoles another relative as they try to march toward the presidential house to protest the government's rescue operation in Jindo, South Korea AP South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster South Korean rescue team members on a boat sail to rescue missing passengers believed to have been trapped in the sunken ferry Sewol near the buoys which were installed to mark the vessel in the water off the southern coast near Jindo, south of Seoul, South Korea AP South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Police officers stand in two lines between which rescue workers carry the bodies of passengers who were on the capsized Sewol passenger ship Reuters South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Family members react after hearing confirmation that a relative was found dead at the site of the Sewol ferry sinking, in Jindo Gymnasium, South Korea EPA South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster South Korean Coast Guard rescue team members collect the bodies of victims of the Sewol ferry sinking at the accident site about 20km off Jindo-port on Jindo Island EPA South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster The South Korean coast guard searches for missing passengers at the site of the sunken ferry off the coast of Jindo Island Getty Images South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster South Korean rescue team boats and fishing boats try to rescue passengers of the sinking Sewol ferry, off South Korea's southern coast,near Jindo, south of Seoul AP South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster South Korean coast guard officers try to rescue passengers from the Sewol ferry as it sinks in the water off the southern coast near Jindo, south of Seoul, South Korea AP South Korea ferry disaster South Korea ferry disaster Relatives of missing passengers aboard the sunken ferry Sewol struggle with policemen as they try to march toward the presidential house to protest the government's rescue operation in Jindo, South Korea AP

Several of the police buses were left damaged by the day’s events. The Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency said they used water cannons on the marchers and pepper spray, while using their buses to barricade the marchers’ route to the country’s presidential Blue House. Several police buses were damaged in the process.

Nine protesters and three police members were taken to hospital with injuries, a fire department official said, while many protesters were treated with first aid at the rally site.

Riot police officers spray water to disperse protesters after a rally to commemorate the first anniversary of the Sewol ferry sinking in Seoul (AP)

South Korean police say they're questioning dozens of protesters after violence broke out at a rally denouncing the government's handling of the ferry disaster (AP)

Around 13,000 police and 470 police buses were deployed to handle the protesters (AP)

Protesters are calling for the ship to be raised and the remaining bodies recovered (AP)

Saturday’s protest, organised by the victims’ families, was the largest in recent weeks and marked a year since the Sewol ferry capsized after making a sharp turn. It was discovered the ferry, which was on a routine journey from Incheon to the southern island of Jeju, had been structurally unsound and overloaded with cargo.

South Korea’s president Park Geun-huy gave her strongest indication yet that the government would start to raise the 6,800 tonne ship last Thursday. She then left the country for an 11-day trip to Latin America.