(A–F) Somatic properties of L5 neurons (rat: n = 70 recordings from 18 rats; human: n = 39 recordings from 6 patients).

(A) Resting membrane potential (∗p = 0.01, unpaired t test). Pooled data represent mean ± SEM.

(B) Voltage sag (∗∗∗p < 10−6, unpaired t test). Pooled data represent mean ± SEM.

(C) Maximal steady-state firing rate (p = 0.52, Wilcoxon rank sum test). Pooled data represent median and interquartile range.

∗∗∗p < 10−4, Wilcoxon rank sum test). Pooled data represent median and interquartile range. (D) Minimum ISI at the best current injection amplitude from Figure 1 F (p < 10, Wilcoxon rank sum test). Pooled data represent median and interquartile range.

(E) Percentage of cells exhibiting bursts with cut-off frequencies at 100, 150 or 200 Hz.

(F) Percentage of cells exhibiting bursts with 2, 3, 4, or more than 4 APs above 100 Hz.

(G) Resting membrane potential as a function of distance from the soma (rat: n = 88 recordings from 22 rats; human: n = 42 recordings from 7 patients). Triangles are somatic averages and lines are exponential fit to the data.

(H) Rheobase as a function of distance from the soma (rat: n = 57 recordings from 21 rats; human: n = 34 recordings from 7 patients). Triangles are somatic medians and lines are exponential fit to the data.

(I–L) Properties of distal dendrites of L5 neurons (rat: n = 72 recordings from 19 rats; human: n = 26 recordings from 7 patients).

(I) Distance threshold for distal dendrites in rat and human neurons.

(J) Resting membrane potential (∗p = 0.02, Wilcoxon rank sum test). Pooled data represent median and interquartile range.

(K) Voltage sag (p = 0.45, unpaired t test). Pooled data represent mean ± SEM.

(L) Input resistance (∗∗∗p < 10−12, Wilcoxon rank sum test). Pooled data represent median and interquartile range.

(M) Rheobase of distal dendrites (p = 0.93, Wilcoxon rank sum test; rat: n = 43 recordings from 17 rats; human: n = 19 recordings from 4 patients). Pooled data represent median and interquartile range.

(N) Left, impedance profile of rat (black) and human (red) somas in response to sinewaves of 50-100 pA injected at the indicated frequencies for 2 s (rat: n = 41 recordings from 16 rats; human: n = 28 recordings from 5 patients). Right, phase offset between the voltage response and the injected current. Pooled data represent mean ± SEM.

(O) Same as N but for distal dendrites (rat: n = 56 recordings from 17 rats; human: n = 16 recordings from 6 patients).

(P) Somatic resonance frequency for data in N (phase = 0°; p = 0.27, unpaired t test). Pooled data represent mean ± SEM.

(Q) Distal dendritic resonance frequency for data in O (p = 0.91, Wilcoxon rank sum test). Pooled data represent median and interquartile range.

(R) Effective time constant as a function of distance from the soma (rat: n = 88 recordings from 22 rats; human: n = 42 recordings from 7 patients). Triangles are somatic averages and lines are exponential fit to the data.

(S) Effective time constant in distal dendrites (∗∗∗p < 10−4, Wilcoxon rank sum test; rat: n = 72 recordings from 19 rats; human: n = 26 recordings from 7 patients). Pooled data represent median and interquartile range.