Police in Canada have charged two young men with distributing child pornography in the cyberbullying case of Rehtaeh Parsons, a 17-year-old who killed herself after a photo of her allegedly being raped was shared online.

The death of Rehtaeh, who was taken off life support after a suicide attempt in April, led to an outcry. Police initially concluded there were no grounds to charge anyone after a yearlong investigation.

Her mother said a boy took a photo of the alleged assault in 2011 and that her daughter was bullied for months after it was distributed online.

Royal Canadian Mounted Police Chief Superintendent Roland Wells said one man, 18, had been charged with two counts of distributing child pornography and the second man, also 18, was charged with making child pornography and distributing it. Wells said the two were not being identified because they were minors when the alleged crimes occurred.

Halifax police Chief Jean-Michel Blais said policed and prosecutors agreed the available evidence did not meet the threshold for sexual assault charges against the two.

Police in April said a person had provided new information in the Parsons case and was willing to identify the suspects.

Earlier in the day, Rehtaeh's parents said news of the arrests brought them some solace, though the girl's father expressed disappointment that his daughter never saw justice served. "She's dead now. She's gone," Glen Canning said.

The Canadian prime minister, Stephen Harper, applauded the progress in the case and said Rehtaeh's death was a terrible tragedy that touched people across Canada. "I just want to say how pleased we are that progress has been made. I hope this will provide some measure of comfort to family members."

Rehtaeh's death has been compared to similar cases in the United States, including 15-year-old California girl Audrie Pott, who hanged herself after her family says she was sexually assaulted by friends and a photo surfaced online. Arrests were made in that case.

Rehtaeh's death prompted the Nova Scotia government to launch reviews of the RCMP's original investigation and the school board's handling of the matter. The review of the RCMP's investigation continues.

An independent review released in June concluded the Halifax regional school board could have done a better job but was hindered by the fact that Rehtaeh was often absent from class. The report said the Parsons family faced challenges when they turned to Nova Scotia's mental health system for help.

Rehtaeh's case also sparked an online campaign for justice involving the hacktivist group Anonymous.

The charges come a day after a new law took effect in the province that allows people to sue if they or their children are being cyberbullied. Victims also can seek a protection order that could place restrictions on or help identify the cyberbully.

Justice minister Ross Landry introduced the legislation in the weeks after Rehtaeh's death.

Both accused are due in youth court next Thursday.