LIMA, Peru — The first group of Russian athletes suspected of being part of the country’s sophisticated doping program at the 2014 Sochi Games may soon face the prospect of banishment from the Olympics, an official leading an investigation for the International Olympic Committee said on Friday.

Denis Oswald, a Swiss member of the I.O.C.’s executive board who heads one of two investigations into Russian doping, told committee members at an annual meeting here in Lima that he expected an investigation to conclude by the end of the year and that he expected athletes to be penalized. They could be stripped of medals and barred from the Olympic Games.

“We feel we have found a number of elements to charge a certain number of athletes,” Oswald said.

Such sanctioning of Russian athletes might revive the shadow that hung over the country’s Olympic team last year, when news of the doping scheme surfaced and led to a number of sports federations’ barring Russian athletes from the Rio Games.

At the Sochi Games, Russia was suspected of tampering with urine samples that would have failed antidoping examinations.