Venezuelan officials have reacted angrily to a meeting between Colombia's president and Venezuela's opposition leader, and warned it could severely damage relations.

The Colombian president, Juan Manuel Santos, received Henrique Capriles, who is trying to build international support for his efforts to overturn results of a presidential election on 14 April, which he claims was fraudulent. Capriles narrowly lost to the governing party candidate, Nicolás Maduro.

The Venezuelan foreign minister, Elías Jaua, told state TV the meeting "will bring a derailment of the good relations that we have". Parliament speaker Diosdado Cabello compared the meeting to "placing a bomb on the train".

Jaua said Venezuela would re-evaluate its role as an observer at the peace talks in Cuba between Santos's government and Colombia's biggest rebel group, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia. He said Maduro had recalled Venezuela's envoy to the talks for consultations.

"Without a doubt today's situation obliges us to study Venezuela's participation as a facilitator in the peace accord," Jaua said.

Venezuelan officials played an important role in bringing the talks about and Venezuela has long been a haven for leaders of the rebel group.

The Havana talks broke off on Sunday after both sides said they had reached agreement on agrarian reform. They will resume negotiations on 11 June.

Santos has recognised Maduro's election victory and attended his inauguration last month. Colombian officials had no immediate comment on Venezuela's objections to his meeting with Capriles.

During a visit to Colombia's parliament Capriles said he did not care "what this illegitimate government says", calling its criticism mosquito bites.

Capriles claims Maduro, the anointed successor of the late president Hugo Chávez, stole the election through fraud, voter intimidation and abuse of government resources.

The opposition leader described as a farce an audit that would review only the results from electronic voting machines. Capriles also wanted voter registries and fingerprints examined to find out if all the votes cast were legitimate.

"In Venezuela, in my beloved homeland, on 14 April they stole the election, they stole them not through an automated system, they stole it like you steal elections when you put in more votes than the people want," Capriles said.

He has asked the supreme court to annul the result, which is considered unlikely because the panel is dominated by pro-government justices.

The government says Capriles is to blame for the deaths of 11 government supporters in post-election violence. He rejects the allegations.