Arrays are everywhere in JavaScript and with the new spread operators introduced in ECMAScript 6, you can do awesome things with them.

In this post I will show you three useful tricks you can use when programming:

1. Iterating through an empty array

JavaScript arrays are sparse in nature in that there are a lot of holes in them. Try creating an array using the Array’s constructor and you will see what I mean.

> const arr = new Array(4);

[undefined, undefined, undefined, undefined]

You may find that iterating over a sparse array to apply a certain transformation is hard.

> const arr = new Array(4);

> arr.map((elem, index) => index);

[undefined, undefined, undefined, undefined]

To solve this, you can use Array.apply when creating the array.

> const arr = Array.apply(null, new Array(4));

> arr.map((elem, index) => index);

[0, 1, 2, 3]

A nicer way to iterate through an empty array is to use spread operators. Shout-out to Hugo Caillard for pointing that out.

> const arr = [...new Array(4)];

> arr.map((elem, index) => index);

[0, 1, 2, 3]

2. Passing an empty parameter to a method

If you want to call a method and ignore one of its parameters, then JavaScript will complain if you keep it empty.

> method('parameter1', , 'parameter3');

Uncaught SyntaxError: Unexpected token ,

A workaround that people usually resort to is passing either null or undefined .

> method('parameter1', null, 'parameter3') // or

> method('parameter1', undefined, 'parameter3');

I personally don’t like using null since JavaScript treats it as an object and that’s just weird. With the introduction of spread operators in ES6, there is a neater way of passing empty parameters to a method. As previously mentioned, arrays are sparse in nature and so passing empty values to it is totally okay.

> method(...['parameter1', /* parameter2 */, 'parameter3']);

3. Unique array values

I always wonder why the Array constructor doesn’t have a designated method to facilitate the use of unique array values. Spread operators are here for the rescue. Use spread operators with the Set constructor to generate unique array values.

> const arr = [...new Set([1, 2, 3, 3])]

[1, 2, 3]

There you have it: Three JavaScript hacks that every developer should keep in their toolbox.