Premenstrual Syndrome Risk Factor

How is Premenstrual Syndrome treated?

Women have bloating, tender breasts, and muscle aches a few days before they start their menstrual periods . These are normal premenstrual symptoms. But when they disrupt your daily life, they are called premenstrual syndrome. PMS can affect your mood, your body, and how you act in the days leading up to your menstrual period.Some women first get PMS in their teens or 20s. Others don't get it until their 30s. The symptoms may get worse in your late 30s and 40s, as you approach perimenopause .Premenstrual syndrome or PMS is a combination of symptoms that many women get about a week or 2 before their period. Most women say they get some premenstrual symptoms, such as headaches, bloating, and moodiness. For many women, these symptoms may be so severe that they miss work or school, but other women are not bothered by milder symptoms.PMS is a combination of emotional and physical symptoms that women get after ovulation and before the start of their menstrual period. PMS happens in the days after ovulation because progesterone and estrogen levels begin falling dramatically if you are not pregnant. PMS symptoms dsiapear within several days after a woman’s period starts as hormone levels begin rising again.Many women get their periods without any signs of PMS or only very mild symptoms. For others, PMS symptoms may be so severe that it makes it hard to do everyday activities like go to work or school. Severe PMS symptoms may be a sign of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. PMS goes away when you no longer get a period, such as after menopause. After pregnancy, PMS might come back, but you might have different PMS symptoms.A risk factor is something that raises the chances of getting a health problem. A woman can get PMS with or without the ones listed below. The chances are greater in women who have many.PMS is more common in women of reproductive age and in women who are white.There is a genetic basis for the hormonal sensitivities that appear to be at work in PMDD. Women with PMDD have changes in one of the gene complexes that control how they respond to estrogen and progesterone. This discovery can be extremely validating if you have PMDD. It gives concrete scientific evidence that something biological and beyond your control is causing your mood changes.Increasing body mass index or BMI is associated with PMS. a BMI > 27.5 conferred a significantly higher risk of PMS than a BMI < 20. Higher BMI was significantly associated with symptoms of backache, swelling of extremities, and abdominal cramping (Bertone-Johnson 2010). A survey of 874 women found that those who were obese had a 2.8-fold higher risk of PMS (Masho 2005). Higher BMI has also been associated with PMDD (Yen 2010).Mood disorders are linked to the immune system. Infections and other causes of systemic inflammation can trigger a worsening of symptoms in patients with mental health issues.Early research in this area suggests that women with more significant premenstrual symptoms may have an increased inflammatory response during the luteal phase compared to women with minimal symptoms.. ﻿The link between PMDD and inflammation, however, is still unclear.Stress, traumatic,or having post-traumatic stress disorder increases a woman’s odds of developing PMDD. There is also evidence that women who perceive discrimination during their lifetimes, including gender and race discrimination, are more likely to experience PMDD (Pilver, Desai 2011). Women with PMS were more than three times as likely to report significant trauma in childhood compared with those without PMS.It is important to note that women with illnesses, psychiatric may experience exacerbation of their condition during the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle.Women who smoke had a more than two-fold higher risk of developing PMS, while those who began smoking before age 15 had a greater than 2.5-fold risk, compared with women who never smoked. Former smokers who smoked 25 or more cigarettes per day had a 1.8-fold higher risk of developing PMS relative to women who never smoked. Smoking more cigarettes over a longer period of time also increased PMS risk.A women with Premenstrual syndrome drank significantly more servings of alcohol per week, both pre- and postmenstrually, than did those without PMS. Women who had ten or more alcoholic drinks per week in their postmenstrual phase were significantly more likely to have moderate to severe PMS. MS.Some women with PMDD have a history of significant stress exposure, such as a history of childhood emotional, physical, or sexual abuse. Stress can also trigger symptoms or make them worse. The correlation between worsening PMDD symptoms and stress is currently an area of active investigation. There are relationship between ALLO and the stress response in women with PMDD. ALLO typically increases at times of acute stress and has a calming and sedative effect. Experimental studies suggest the ALLO response to acute stress is decreased when exposed to stress.Certainly, the possibility of a connection between your stress response and PMDD supports the common sense first-line treatment interventions for PMDD, including lifestyle modifications and stress reduction.A few lifestyle changes will help you feel better.Get plenty of exercise.Eat a variety of healthy foods, especially foods rich in calcium . Include whole grains, protein, low-fat dairy, fruits, and vegetables.Cut back on caffeine, alcohol, chocolate, and salt.For pain, try aspirin, ibuprofen (such as Advil or Motrin), or another anti-inflammatory medicine .There is some evidence that the onset and course of premenstrual syndrome is related to stress; however, few studies have explored the role of traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as risk factors for the development of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).