The survey took place between 21 and 24 November 2014 and was conducted throughout all of Russia in both urban and rural settings. The survey was carried out among 1600 people over the age of 18 in 134 localities of 46 of the country’s regions. The answer distribution is presented as percentages of the number of participants along with data from previous surveys. The statistical error of these studies does not exceed 3.4%.

Do you think the following leaders brought more good or more bad to Russia?

Nicholas II Grigory Rasputin Vladimir Lenin Lev Trotsky “The Whites” during the Civil War Definitely more good 12 4 10 2 2 Probably more good 40 19 36 15 13 Probably more bad 13 26 21 27 29 Definitely more bad 3 10 10 10 15 It is difficult to say 32 41 23 47 42

Do you believe that the Brezhnev era was a period of positive development for the country or a period of stagnation, which eventually led to the collapse of the Soviet Union?

Dec. 06 Dec. 07 Dec. 09 Dec. 10 Dec. 11 Nov. 14 At first, it was a period of positive development, but it then turned into a period of stagnation, which led to the collapse of the Soviet Union 23 26 24 24 28 28 It was a period of positive development for the country 24 17 19 20 16 22 That era brought serious problems to the country, but the collapse of the Soviet Union was brought about by Gorbachev and the “democrats” 18 18 19 17 17 19 It was a period of stagnation that led to the collapse of the Soviet Union 20 24 22 20 24 18 It is difficult to say 14 15 16 19 15 14

The survey took place between 19 and 22 December 2014 and was conducted throughout all of Russia in both urban and rural settings. The survey was carried out among 1600 people over the age of 18 in 134 localities of 46 of the country’s regions. The answer distribution is presented as percentages of the number of participants along with data from previous surveys. The statistical error of these studies does not exceed 3.4%.

What role do you believe that Stalin played in everyday life in our country?

Dec. 06 Oct. 08 Dec. 09 Dec. 10 Mar. 11 Feb. 13 Dec. 14 Definitely a positive role 9 8 10 11 8 9 16 Probably a positive role 33 33 39 40 37 40 36 Probably a negative role 26 27 23 21 25 22 21 Definitely a negative role 11 10 9 9 10 10 9 It is difficult to say 22 21 19 19 20 19 19

What are your feelings towards Boris Yeltsin?

Dec. 00 Dec. 02 Dec. 06 Dec. 10 Dec. 14 Very positive 2 2 1 3 4 Mostly positive 7 8 7 14 7 Neutral 32 34 39 42 38 Mostly negative 29 28 28 21 24 Very negative 27 26 20 14 16 It is difficult to say 4 2 5 7 11