Mr. Ghosn, 65, is a citizen of Lebanon, where he is legally protected from extradition, as well as of France and Brazil. He spent much of his youth in Beirut and enjoys widespread public support there. A billboard in the city expressed solidarity with the imprisoned executive shortly after his arrest in November 2018: “We are all Carlos Ghosn,” it read.

He was accused by the Japanese authorities of underreporting his compensation and shifting personal financial losses to Nissan. The company had also been indicted on charges of improperly reporting Mr. Ghosn’s income — and had said it would cooperate with prosecutors.

Mr. Ghosn had been arrested along with Greg Kelly, a Nissan board member who is a United States citizen. Mr. Kelly had been released from jail a year ago because he was having health problems, and is still in Tokyo, his lawyer said.

“Greg Kelly knew absolutely nothing about this until informed by the media through his counsel and has lived at the foot of the cross in terms of Japanese prosecutors,” Mr. Kelly’s lawyer, Aubrey Harwell, said. “He’s done precisely what has been required of him.”

Mr. Ghosn has been in and out of jail in Japan since his arrest, after which he was initially held for more than 100 days. He was released after he posted bail and agreed to strict conditions: He could not leave Tokyo, and his movements would be monitored. He was arrested again in April, just after he announced plans to hold a news conference and speak publicly about his case.

Prosecutors imposed another condition for his release after the April arrest: Mr. Ghosn was forbidden from communicating with his wife. For seven months, the two did not speak a word to each other.

Mrs. Ghosn has publicly decried what she called the mistreatment of her husband by the Japanese authorities. In an interview with The New York Times after the April arrest, she said the authorities had burst into their apartment and taken her phones, passport, diary and letters she had written to her husband while he was in jail.