Exec. Order No. 13767 82 FR 8793 8793-8797 2017. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-border-security-immigration-enforcement-improvements/?utm_source=link.

Exec. Order No. 13768 82 FR 8799 8799-8803 2017. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united-states/?utm_source=link.

Exec. Order No. 13780 82 FR 13209 13209-13219 2017. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-protecting-nation-foreign-terrorist-entry-united-states/?utm_source=link.

The White House, “Memorandum for the Secretary of State, the Attorney General, the Secretary of Homeland Security,” Presidential Memorandum, March 6, 2017. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/memorandum-secretary-state-attorney-general-secretary-homeland-security/?utm_source=link.

United States, Department of Homeland Security, “Rescission of November 20, 2014 Memorandum Providing for Deferred Action for Parents of Americans and Lawful Permanent Residents (‘DAPA”),” Policy Memo, June 15, 2017. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/DAPA%20Cancellation%20Memo.pdf.

United States, Department of Justice, “Attorney General Sessions Announces Immigration Compliance Requirements for Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Programs,” Press Release, Last Updated November 8, 2017. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/attorney-general-sessions-announces-immigration-compliance-requirements-edward-byrne-memorial.

United States, Department of Homeland Security, “Statement from Secretary John F. Kelly,” Press Release, Last Updated August 14, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.dhs.gov/news/2017/07/28/statement-secretary-john-f-kelly.

Michael D. Sheer and Julie Hirschfeld Davis, “Trump Moves to End DACA and Calls on Congress to Act,” New York Times, September 5, 2017. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/05/us/politics/trump-daca-dreamers-immigration.html.

David Nakamura, “Trump Administration Releases Hard-line Immigration Principles, Threatening Deal on ‘Dreamers’,” Washington Post, October 8, 2017. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2017/10/08/trump-administration-releases-hard-line-immigration-principles-threatening-deal-on-dreamers/?utm_term=.82fd9832da2d.

Ariane de Vogue, “Supreme Court Lets Full Trump Travel Ban Take Effect,” CNN, December 5, 2017. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2017/12/04/politics/supreme-court-travel-ban/index.html.

Josh Gersten, “Judge Blocks Trump Wind-Down of Dreamers Program,” Politico, January 9, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.politico.com/story/2018/01/09/trump-dreamers-daca-judge-333143.

Robert Costa, Erica Werner, Ed O’Keefe, and Elise Viebeck, “House Votes to End Government Shutdown, Sending Legislation to Trump,” Washington Post, January 22, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/trump-slams-democrats-as-third-day-of-government-shutdown-begins/2018/01/22/3a3eecf0-ff25-11e7-9d31-d72cf78dbeee_story.html?utm_term=.f3892d310698.

Erica Werner and Mike DeBonis, “Senate Passes Sweeping Spending Bill, Sends Measure to House for Crucial Vote to End Government Shutdown,” Washington Post, February 9, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/house-leaders-scramble-to-win-support-for-budget-deal-ahead-of-midnight-deadline/2018/02/08/4812e996-0cd9-11e8-8b0d-891602206fb7_story.html?utm_term=.8202ee4ca5bf.

Max Greenwood and John Bowden, “Second Judge Blocks Trump Administration from Ending DACA,” The Hill, February 13, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/373680-second-judge-issues-injunction-barring-trump-administration-from.

Dylan Scott, “The Senate Put 4 Immigration Bills Up for a Vote. They All Failed,” Vox, February 15, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/2/15/17017682/senate-immigration-daca-bill-vote-failed.

Julie Hirschfeld Davis and Michael D. Shear, “Trump Signs Spending Bill, Reversing Veto Threat and Avoiding Government Shutdown,” New York Times, March 23, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/23/us/politics/trump-veto-spending-bill.html.

Tal Kopan, “Justice Department Rolls Out Case Quotas for Immigration Judges,” CNN, April 2, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2018/04/02/politics/immigration-judges-quota/index.html.

Jill Colvin, “Trump Signs Proclamation Directing Troops to Secure Border,” AP News, April 4, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.apnews.com/0217bec307e54fedab8126ec78281066.

United States, Department of Justice, “Attorney General Announces Zero-Tolerance Policy for Criminal Illegal Entry,” Press Release, Last Updated April 6, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/attorney-general-announces-zero-tolerance-policy-criminal-illegal-entry.

Miriam Jordan, “US Must Keep DACA and Accept New Applications, Federal Judge Rules,” New York Times, April 24, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/24/us/daca-dreamers-trump.html.

Maria Sacchetti, “Sessions: Victims of Domestic Abuse and Gang Violence Generally Won’t Qualify for Asylum,” Washington Post, June 11, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/immigration/sessions-signals-that-victims-of-domestic-abuse-and-gang-violence-generally-will-not-qualify-for-asylum/2018/06/11/45e54602-6d9e-11e8-bd50-b80389a4e569_story.html?utm_term=.71e2497ecce7.

Exec. Order No. 13841 83 FR 29435 29435-29436 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/affording-congress-opportunity-address-family-separation/?utm_source=link.

Jonathan Stempel and Doina Chiacu, “US Judge Orders Migrant Families to be Reunited,” Reuters, June 26, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-immigration-aclu/judge-bars-separation-of-immigrants-from-children-orders-families-reunited-idUSKBN1JM2JA.

Philip Bump, “The Status of More than 2,600 Children at One Point Held by the Government,” Washington Post, July 27, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/politics/wp/2018/07/27/the-status-of-more-than-2600-children-at-one-point-held-by-the-government/?utm_term=.6574ddf65503.

Tal Axelrod, ”Mattis Approves Plans to Send Troops to Border,” The Hill, October 26, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/413333-mattis-approves-plans-to-send-troops-to-border-report.

Julie Hirschfeld Davis, “President Wants to Use Executive Order to End Birthright Citizenship,” New York Times, October 30, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/30/us/politics/trump-birthright-citizenship.html.

“Jeff Sessions Forced Out as Attorney General After Constant Criticism From Trump,” NPR, November 7, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.npr.org/2018/11/07/539109386/jeff-sessions-out-as-attorney-general-after-steady-drumbeat-of-criticism-from-tr.

Ariane de Vogue, Dan Berman, and Betsy Klein, ” Appeals Court Says Administration Can’t End DACA, Trump Says it Sets up Supreme Court Fight,” CNN, November 9, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/08/politics/daca-9th-circuit/index.html.

United States, Department of Homeland Security,” Secretary Kirstjen M. Nielsen Announces Historic Action to Confront Illegal Immigration,” Press Release, Last Updated December 20, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.dhs.gov/news/2018/12/20/secretary-nielsen-announces-historic-action-confront-illegal-immigration.

Michael Collins and David Jackson, “Federal Government Shutdown to Begin at Midnight after House, Senate Fail to Resolve Budget Impasse,” USA Today, December 21, 2018. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/12/21/government-shutdown-lawmakers-have-just-hours-strike-budget-deal/2383394002/.

Ayesha Rasco and Domenico Montanero, “Democrats Reject Trump Border Wall Proposal, Calling it a ‘Non-Starter’,” NPR, January 19, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.npr.org/2019/01/19/686876605/trump-offers-temporary-immigrant-protections-for-5-7-billion-in-wall-money.

Clare Foran, “Senate Blocks Competing Proposals to Reopen Government,” CNN, January 24, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/24/politics/senate-votes-shutdown-congress/index.html.

United States, Department of Homeland Security, “Migrant Protection Protocols,” Press Release, Last Updated January 29, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.dhs.gov/news/2019/01/24/migrant-protection-protocols.

Erica Werner, Mike DeBonis, and John Wagner, “Trump Signs Bill to Open the Government, Ending the Longest Shutdown in History,” Washington Post, January 25, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/senate-leaders-continue-to-seek-a-deal-to-end-shutdown-that-will-satisfy-trump/2019/01/25/09c898dc-20ad-11e9-8e21-59a09ff1e2a1_story.html?utm_term=.3737325b1777.

Matthew Schwartz, “Pentagon Deploying 3,750 Troops to Southern Border,” NPR, February 4, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.npr.org/2019/02/04/691222383/pentagon-deploying-3-750-troops-to-southern-border.

Julia Ainsley, “Rights Groups Sue Trump Admin for Making Asylum-Seekers Wait in Mexico,” NBC News, February 14, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/immigration/rights-groups-sue-trump-admin-making-asylum-seekers-wait-mexico-n971781.

Jordan Fabian, “Trump Declares National Emergency at Border,” The Hill, February 15, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/430092-trump-signs-emergency-declaration-for-border.

Erica Werner, Seung Min Kim, Paul Kane, and John Wagner, “House Passes Resolution to Nullify Trump’s National Emergency Declaration,” Washington Post, February 26, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/house-sponsor-of-resolution-to-nix-emergency-declaration-acknowledges-uphill-battle-on-overriding-expected-trump-veto/2019/02/26/22104532-39d2-11e9-aaae-69364b2ed137_story.html?utm_term=.2f8e5eddcf79.

United States, Congress, House, “American Dream and Promise Act of 2019,” Congress.gov, 116th Congress, 1st session, H.R. 6, introduced March 12, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/6/text

Clare Foran and Ted Barrett, “Senate Passes Resolution to Overturn Trump’s National Emergency Declaration,” CNN, March 14, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2019/03/14/politics/senate-vote-trump-national-emergency-declaration-resolution/index.html.

Michael Tackett, ”Trump Issues First Veto After Congress Rejects Border Emergency,” New York Times, March 15, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/15/us/politics/trump-veto-national-emergency.html.

Erica Werner, “House Fails to Override Trump Veto on Southern Border Emergency,” Washington Post, March 26, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/house-fails-to-override-trump-veto-on-southern-border-emergency/2019/03/26/41e5bfee-4fdb-11e9-a3f7-78b7525a8d5f_story.html?utm_term=.5307bb101e7d.

Bill Chappell, ”Pentagon Takes $1 Billion From Military Personnel Account to Build Border Fence,” NPR, March 26, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.npr.org/2019/03/26/706795716/pentagon-authorizes-1-billion-for-fence-construction-at-mexico-border.

Rebecca Morin, “Trump Threatens to Close the US-Mexico Border Next Week: ‘I’m Not Playing Games’,” Politico, March 29, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.politico.com/story/2019/03/29/trump-close-us-mexico-border-1243493.

Ayesha Rascoe, “Trump Walks Back Treats to Close US Border, Giving Mexico a ‘1-Year Warning’,” NPR, April 4, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.npr.org/2019/04/04/709933534/trump-walks-back-threat-to-close-u-s-border-giving-mexico-a-1-year-warning.

Katie Bernard, “House to File Lawsuit Challenging Trump’s National Emergency at the Border,” CNN, April 4, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2019/04/04/politics/house-border-lawsuit/index.html.

Dareh Gregorian, “Judge Blocks Trump Administration Policy of Returning Asylum Seekers to Mexico,” NBC News, April 8, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/immigration/judge-orders-halt-trump-policy-returning-asylum-seekers-mexico-n992271.

Zolan Kanno-Youngs, Maggie Haberman, Michael D. Shear, and Erich Schmitt, “Kirstjen Nielsen Resigns as Trump’s Homeland Security Secretary,” New York Times, April 7, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/07/us/politics/kirstjen-nielsen-dhs-resigns.html.

Ted Hesson, “White House Weighs Travel Restrictions for Countries with Frequent Visa Overstays,” Politico, April 15, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.politico.com/story/2019/04/15/travel-ban-visa-overstay-1356417.

“Appeals Court Rules Trump’s ‘Remain in Mexico’ policy can Proceed for Now,” CBS News, April 13, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/appeals-court-rules-trumps-remain-in-mexico-policy-can-proceed-for-now/.

Catherine E. Shoichet, Deanna Hackney, Geneva Sands, and Paul P. Murphy, “A Militia Group Detained Migrants at the Border. The ACLU Calls it Kidnapping,” CNN, April 19, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.cnn.com/2019/04/19/us/border-militia-migrants/index.html.

The White House, “Presidential Memorandum on Additional Measures to Enhance Border Security and Restore Integrity to Our Immigration System,” Presidential Memorandum, April 29, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/presidential-memorandum-additional-measures-enhance-border-security-restore-integrity-immigration-system/.

Erica Werner, Maria Sacchetti, and Nick Miroff, “White House Asks Congress for $4.5 Billion in Emergency Spending at Border,” Washington Post, May 1, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/white-house-asks-congress-for-45-billion-in-emergency-spending-for-border/2019/05/01/725e2864-6c23-11e9-8f44-e8d8bb1df986_story.html?utm_term=.ba159a244a43.

Nick Miroff, “Homeland Security to Test DNA of Families at Border in Cases of Suspected Fraud,” Washington Post, May 1, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/immigration/homeland-security-to-test-dna-of-families-at-border-in-cases-of-suspected-fraud/2019/05/01/8e8c042a-6c46-11e9-a66d-a82d3f3d96d5_story.html?utm_term=.cc7f82ef504d.

Rick Jervis and Alan Gomez, “Trump Administration has Separated Hundreds of Children from Their Migrant Families Since 2018,” USA Today, May 2, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2019/05/02/border-family-separations-trump-administration-border-patrol/3563990002/.

Shannon Van Sant, “President Trump Names Mark Morgan, Former Border Patrol Chief, To Lead ICE,” NPR, May 5, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.npr.org/2019/05/05/720481627/president-trump-names-mark-morgan-former-border-patrol-chief-to-lead-ice.

Abigail Hauslohner, “ICE Provides Local Police a Way to Work Around ‘Sanctuary’ Policies, Act as Immigration Officers,” Washington Post, May 6, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/immigration/ice-provides-local-police-a-way-to-work-around-sanctuary-policies-act-as-immigration-officers/2019/05/06/f651ff38-7029-11e9-9eb4-0828f5389013_story.html?utm_term=.7ac0488c4a77.

Associated Press, “Trump Can Keep Sending Asylum-Seekers to Wait in Mexico, Appeals Court Rules,” NBC News, May 8, 2019. Accessed May 13, 2019. Available at: https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/trump-can-keep-sending-asylum-seekers-wait-mexico-appeals-court-n1003386.