MANGALURU: Ban on iron ore mining and exports in top producing states of Karnataka and Goa led to job loss of one million people, directly and indirectly, according to a ASSOCHAM-Yes Bank joint study. "After the global meltdown and export ban in Goa and Karnataka, a significant decline was registered in minerals' production, this had major consequences on iron ore exports that declined markedly from over 117mt in 2009-10 to about 14mt in 2013-14.

The study titled, 'Mining: Building a sustainable development framework for inclusive growth,' jointly conducted by ASSOCHAM and Yes Bank said this led to massive job loss. "Recent issues of illegal mining together with regulatory challenges, policy gridlocks, inadequate supporting infrastructure and others are significant hurdles in growth of India's mining sector," D S Rawat, secretary general of ASSOCHAM said.

"India's mining sector is saddled with logistic inefficiencies, economic, bureaucratic, environmental and a host of capacity issues owing to a lack of co-ordination between various agencies, besides, lack of central planning has resulted in procurement delays," Rawat said, adding , this calls for consistent increase in transportation via rail, road for easy transport of minerals to point of consumption," he added.

The study has suggested the Government to take progressive policy initiatives like single window clearances for Greenfield and Brownfield projects to encourage private sector participation by enhancing domestic availability of major raw materials, improving financing avenues across mineral value chain and initiating steps to promote sustainable practices through larger community engagements and responsible mining.

Rapid urbanization coupled with growth in manufacturing sector would fuel up to 9-11% annual growth in demand for various metals and minerals which is further expected to grow 4-5 times during the next decade. The Indian mining industry which largely comprises SMEs involved in surveying, exploration and other mining activities needs to evaluate and tap into some innovative funding sources accessed by its global peers, more so as recent judicial and regulatory developments in the sector have further dried up new funding areas from banks.

Limited geological and exploration expenditure, weak law enforcement, lack of coordinated approach in decision making, human resource and technological gaps, insufficient investments are certain key challenges being faced by Indian mining industry.

A time-bound plan to closely monitor mining activities, introduction of a single-window system to centralize functions of all ministries/agencies to expedite approval processes, offer transparent information to boost investor confidence, enabling local community participation, initiate training programs to develop skilled manpower, adoption of world-class technology and equipment with latest emission norms, ensuring environmentally sustainable practices, revamping evacuation infrastructure and all these together with adequate financial support from banks/financial institutions/government agencies to players in the mining sector are certain feasible solutions to the problems faced by the industry, the study noted.