NEW YORK—The Trump administration is considering staying in the Paris agreement to fight climate change “under the right conditions,” offering to re-engage in the international deal three months after President Donald Trump said the U.S. would pull out if it didn’t find more favorable terms.

During a climate-change meeting Saturday of more than 30 ministers led by Canada, China and the European Union, in Montreal, U.S. officials broached revising U.S. climate-change goals, two participants said, signaling a compromise that would keep the U.S. at the table even if it meant weakening the international effort. Still, the move would maintain international unity behind the painstakingly negotiated Paris accord, after Mr. Trump suggested he might seek a new agreement.

On Sunday, U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson said on CBS that Mr. Trump is “open to finding those conditions where we can remain engaged with others on what we all agree is still a challenging issue.”

Mr. Tillerson said the emissions targets under the accord were “really out of balance” for the U.S. and China, and confirmed the White House’s National Economic Council, led by its director, Gary Cohn, was formulating the administration’s policy on the Paris agreement.

“The plan is for Director Cohn to consider other ways in which we can work with partners in the Paris Climate Accord,” Mr. Tillerson said. “We want to be productive. We want to be helpful.”