Following new reports about Department of Justice (DOJ) officials discussing the possibility of violating the confidentiality of information collected during the decennial census, U.S. Sens. Brian Schatz, Cory Booker (D-N.J.), and Jack Reed (D-R.I.) called on the DOJ to follow the law and protect the confidentiality of responses collected through the census.

“We urge you to clarify immediately your understanding of existing law and reiterate your commitment to the confidentiality of information collected through the decennial census,” the senators wrote. “It is of utmost importance that the 2020 Census—a constitutionally mandated activity—be conducted in a full, fair, and accurate manner to count all persons in our country. Any attempt by the Justice or Commerce Departments to diminish the count of particular communities would be in contravention of the U.S. Constitution.”

The full text of the letter follows:

Dear Assistant Attorney General Dreiband:

We are writing to express our deep concerns with reports that the Justice Department discussed the possibility of violating the confidentiality of information collected during the decennial census. We urge you to clarify immediately your understanding of existing law and reiterate your commitment to the confidentiality of information collected through the decennial census.

Court filings have revealed a willingness by staff in the Justice Department to leave open the possibility that the Department would reevaluate an existing legal opinion, which found no provision within the USA PATRIOT Act that could be used to compel the Commerce Secretary to release confidential census information.

Title 13, Section 9 of the U.S. Code explicitly prevents the Commerce Department and any of its bureaus or agencies from sharing personally identifiable information collected by the census with any external entity or individual. However, even consideration of information sharing between the Commerce Department and, for example, the Justice Department or Immigration and Customs Enforcement will have a chilling effect on participation in the 2020 Census. A national study commissioned by the Census Bureau indicated that the last-minute, untested citizenship question “may be a major barrier” to participation, with respondents citing a distrust in the federal government’s commitment to maintaining the confidentiality of census data.

It is of utmost importance that the 2020 Census—a constitutionally mandated activity—be conducted in a full, fair, and accurate manner to count all persons in our country. Any attempt by the Justice or Commerce Departments to diminish the count of particular communities would be in contravention of the U.S. Constitution.

Thank you for your attention to this matter, and we look forward to your response.