For release 10:00 a.m. (EST) Thursday, January 17, 2019 USDL-19-0077 Technical information: (202) 691-6378 * cpsinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/cps Media contact: (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov USUAL WEEKLY EARNINGS OF WAGE AND SALARY WORKERS FOURTH QUARTER 2018 Median weekly earnings of the nation's 115.9 million full-time wage and salary workers were $900 in the fourth quarter of 2018 (not seasonally adjusted), the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. This was 5.0 percent higher than a year earlier, compared with a gain of 2.2 percent in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) over the same period. Data on usual weekly earnings are collected as part of the Current Population Survey, a nationwide sample survey of households in which respondents are asked, among other things, how much each wage and salary worker usually earns. (See the Technical Note in this news release.) Data shown in this news release are not seasonally adjusted unless otherwise specified. Highlights from the fourth-quarter data: --Median weekly earnings of full-time workers were $900 in the fourth quarter of 2018. Women had median weekly earnings of $794, or 80.0 percent of the $993 median for men. (See table 2.) --The women's-to-men's earnings ratio varied by race and ethnicity. White women earned 79.7 percent as much as their male counterparts, compared with 86.0 percent for Black women, 74.6 percent for Asian women, and 82.9 percent for Hispanic women. (See table 2.) --Among the major race and ethnicity groups, median weekly earnings of Blacks ($712) and Hispanics ($684) working at full-time jobs were lower than those of Whites ($931) and Asians ($1,095). By sex, median weekly earnings for Black men were $773, or 75.5 percent of the median for White men ($1,024). Median earnings for Hispanic men were $736, or 71.9 percent of the median for White men. The difference was less among women, as Black women's median earnings were $665, or 81.5 percent of those for White women ($816), and earnings for Hispanic women were $610, or 74.8 percent of those for White women. Earnings of Asian men ($1,256) and women ($937) were higher than those of their White counterparts. (See table 2.) --By age, median weekly earnings were highest for men ages 55 to 64 at $1,191. Usual weekly earnings were highest for women ages 35 to 64: median weekly earnings were $877 for women ages 35 to 44, $876 for women ages 45 to 54, and $895 for women ages 55 to 64. Men and women ages 16 to 24 had the lowest median weekly earnings, $609 and $539, respectively. (See table 3.) --Among the major occupational groups, persons employed full time in management, professional, and related occupations had the highest median weekly earnings-- $1,505 for men and $1,102 for women. Men and women employed in service jobs earned the least, $675 and $512, respectively. (See table 4.) --By educational attainment, full-time workers age 25 and over without a high school diploma had median weekly earnings of $543, compared with $746 for high school graduates (no college) and $1,340 for those holding at least a bachelor's degree. Among college graduates with advanced degrees (master's, professional, and doctoral degrees), the highest earning 10 percent of male workers made $3,909 or more per week, compared with $2,884 or more for their female counterparts. (See table 5.) --Seasonally adjusted median weekly earnings were $897 in the fourth quarter of 2018, little changed from the previous quarter ($893). (See table 1.) Annual Averages for 2017 and 2018 In addition to the data for the fourth quarter, this news release includes 2017 and 2018 annual averages on median weekly earnings for major demographic and occupational groups, and 2018 annual average data for educational attainment groups. (See tables 7, 8, and 9.) Annual average data on median usual weekly earnings for men and women by detailed occupational categories will be posted online at www.bls.gov/cps/tables.htm#weekearn when they become available. __________________________________________________________________________ | | | Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Usual Weekly Earnings Data | | | |Seasonally adjusted median usual weekly earnings data shown in table 1 | |of this news release have been revised using updated seasonal adjustment | |factors from the Current Population Survey, a procedure done at the end | |of each calendar year. The revisions directly affected the number of | |full-time wage and salary workers and current dollar estimates of median | |weekly earnings; estimates of constant (1982-84) dollar median weekly | |earnings were indirectly affected. Seasonally adjusted estimates back to | |the first quarter of 2014 were subject to revision. | | | |The Usual Weekly Earnings news release for the first quarter of 2019, | |scheduled for release on April 16, 2019, will incorporate revisions to | |the seasonally adjusted data for the median weekly earnings in constant | |(1982-84) dollars. Seasonally adjusted constant (1982-84) dollar estimates| |back to the first quarter of 2014 will be subject to revision due to | |annual revisions to seasonally adjusted data for the Consumer Price Index | |for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U). | |__________________________________________________________________________|

Technical Note The estimates in this release were obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), which provides basic information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment. The survey is conducted monthly for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau using a scientifically selected national sample of about 60,000 eligible house- holds, with coverage in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. The earnings data are collected from one-fourth of the CPS monthly sample and are limited to wage and salary workers. All self-employed workers, both incorporated and unincorporated, are excluded from CPS earnings estimates. Material in this news release is in the public domain and may be used without permission. This information is available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice telephone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. Definitions The principal definitions used in connection with the earnings data in this news release are described briefly below. Usual weekly earnings. Data represent earnings before taxes and other deductions and include any overtime pay, commissions, or tips usually received (at the main job in the case of multiple jobholders). Prior to 1994, respondents were asked how much they usually earned per week. Since January 1994, respondents have been asked to identify the easiest way for them to report earnings (hourly, weekly, biweekly, twice monthly, monthly, annually, or other) and how much they usually earn in the reported time period. Earnings reported on a basis other than weekly are converted to a weekly equivalent. The term "usual" is determined by each respondent's own understanding of the term. If the respondent asks for a definition of "usual," interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months. Medians (and other quantiles) of weekly earnings. The median (or upper limit of the second quartile) is the midpoint in a given earnings distribution, with half of workers having earnings above the median and the other half having earnings below the median. Ten percent of a given distribution have earnings below the upper limit of the first decile (90 percent have higher earnings), 25 percent have earnings below the upper limit of the first quartile (75 percent have higher earnings), 75 percent have earnings below the upper limit of the third quartile (25 percent have higher earnings), and 90 percent have earnings below the upper limit of the ninth decile (10 percent have higher earnings). The BLS procedure for estimating the median of an earnings distribution places each reported or calculated weekly earnings value into a $50-wide interval that is centered around a multiple of $50. The median is calculated through the linear interpolation of the interval in which the median lies. Changes over time in the medians (and other quantile boundaries) for specific groups may not necessarily be consistent with the movements estimated for the overall quantile boundary. The most common reasons for this possible anomaly are as follows: (1) there could be a change in the relative weights of the subgroups. For example, the median of 16- to 24-year-olds and the median earnings of those 25 years and over may rise, but if the lower earning 16-to-24 age group accounts for a greatly increased share of the total, the overall median could actually fall. (2) there could be a large change in the shape of the distribution of reported earnings, particularly near a quantile boundary. This change could be caused by survey observations that are clustered at rounded values, such as $400 or $500. An estimate lying in a $50-wide centered interval containing such a cluster or "spike" tends to change more slowly than one in other intervals. Constant dollars. The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) is used to convert current dollars to constant (1982-84) dollars. Wage and salary workers. These are workers who receive wages, salaries, commissions, tips, payment in kind, or piece rates. The group includes employees in both the private and public sectors but, for the purposes of the earnings series, it excludes all self- employed persons, both those with incorporated businesses and those with unincorporated businesses. Full-time workers. For the purpose of producing estimates of earnings, workers who usually work 35 hours or more per week at their sole or principal job are defined as working full time. Part-time workers. For the purpose of producing estimates of earnings, workers who usually work fewer than 35 hours per week at their sole or principal job are defined as working part time. Race. In the survey process, race is determined by the household respondent. In accordance with the Office of Management and Budget guidelines, White, Black or African American, Asian, American Indian or Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander are terms used to describe a person's race. Estimates for the latter two race groups and persons who selected more than one race are not included in this release due to insufficient sample size. Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. This refers to people who identified themselves in the survey process as being of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin. People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Reliability Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. Additional information about the reliability of data from the CPS is available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and other measures of labor market activity undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These recurring events include seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variations can be very large. Because seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments easier to spot. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in quarter-to-quarter activity. At the end of each calendar year, the seasonally adjusted data are revised for the past 5 years when the seasonal adjustment factors are updated. More information on seasonal adjustment is available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

Table 1. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by sex, quarterly averages, seasonally adjusted Year and quarter Number of workers

(in thousands) Median weekly earnings Total Men Women In current dollars In constant (1982-84) dollars Total

$ Men

$ Women

$ Total

$ Men

$ Women

$ 2009 4th quarter 98,555 54,410 44,145 747 823 666 344 379 307 2010 1st quarter 98,143 54,098 44,045 748 836 662 344 384 304 2nd quarter 99,605 55,028 44,577 742 814 671 342 374 309 3rd quarter 100,412 55,620 44,792 746 821 670 342 377 308 4th quarter 99,958 55,486 44,472 750 826 676 341 376 308 2011 1st quarter 99,670 55,337 44,333 750 821 679 338 370 306 2nd quarter 100,347 55,821 44,526 754 830 687 336 370 306 3rd quarter 100,495 56,046 44,449 760 836 681 336 370 301 4th quarter 101,337 56,687 44,650 760 838 686 335 369 302 2012 1st quarter 102,161 57,110 45,051 764 841 693 335 368 303 2nd quarter 102,525 57,079 45,447 772 870 687 337 380 300 3rd quarter 102,587 57,207 45,380 766 836 693 333 364 302 4th quarter 103,748 57,772 45,977 771 868 690 333 375 298 2013 1st quarter 103,928 57,884 46,044 768 860 699 331 370 301 2nd quarter 103,988 57,944 46,044 777 863 706 335 372 304 3rd quarter 104,400 58,082 46,318 779 855 705 334 367 302 4th quarter 104,764 58,095 46,669 782 865 712 334 369 304 2014 1st quarter 105,633 58,682 46,951 790 865 716 335 367 304 2nd quarter 106,342 59,486 46,855 781 860 715 330 363 302 3rd quarter 106,726 59,543 47,183 798 878 721 336 370 304 4th quarter 107,436 60,123 47,313 795 878 724 336 371 306 2015 1st quarter 108,486 60,364 48,122 801 886 724 341 377 307 2nd quarter 108,544 60,400 48,144 803 890 726 339 376 306 3rd quarter 109,269 60,977 48,292 810 896 727 341 377 306 4th quarter 110,049 61,273 48,776 822 904 730 345 380 307 2016 1st quarter 110,427 61,627 48,799 823 903 743 346 380 312 2nd quarter 110,929 61,787 49,142 827 914 744 345 382 311 3rd quarter 111,566 62,082 49,483 833 917 750 346 381 312 4th quarter 111,463 62,249 49,214 846 924 760 349 382 314 2017 1st quarter 111,978 62,462 49,516 857 940 759 351 385 311 2nd quarter 113,118 62,942 50,176 862 939 780 353 385 320 3rd quarter 113,623 63,155 50,468 865 943 771 353 385 314 4th quarter 114,372 63,377 50,996 854 943 771 345 381 312 2018 1st quarter 114,678 64,007 50,671 874 955 776 350 383 311 2nd quarter 115,481 64,136 51,345 880 964 780 351 385 312 3rd quarter 115,945 64,198 51,747 893 980 801 355 389 318 4th quarter 116,160 64,237 51,923 897 991 796 355 392 315 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.



Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, quarterly averages, not seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of workers

(in thousands) Median weekly earnings 4th

2017 4th

2018 In current dollars In constant (1982-84) dollars 4th

2017 4th

2018 4th

2017 4th

2018 SEX AND AGE Total, 16 years and over 114,151 115,928 $857 $900 $347 $357 Men, 16 years and over 63,033 63,879 946 993 383 394 16 to 24 years 5,503 5,417 581 609 236 241 25 years and over 57,530 58,461 998 1,045 405 415 Women, 16 years and over 51,118 52,050 769 794 312 315 16 to 24 years 4,472 4,594 512 539 208 214 25 years and over 46,646 47,456 803 834 326 331 RACE, HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY, AND SEX White 88,183 88,968 891 931 361 369 Men 49,986 50,212 982 1,024 398 406 Women 38,196 38,755 791 816 321 324 Black or African American 14,769 15,162 666 712 270 282 Men 6,962 7,295 681 773 276 307 Women 7,806 7,866 654 665 265 264 Asian 7,417 7,850 1,061 1,095 430 435 Men 4,022 4,167 1,237 1,256 502 498 Women 3,395 3,683 894 937 362 372 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity 19,667 20,461 657 684 266 272 Men 11,997 12,279 688 736 279 292 Women 7,670 8,182 608 610 247 242 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.



Table 3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by age, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and sex, 4th quarter 2018 averages, not seasonally adjusted Age, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity Total Men Women Number of

workers

(in

thousands) Median

weekly

earnings Number of

workers

(in

thousands) Median

weekly

earnings Number of

workers

(in

thousands) Median

weekly

earnings TOTAL 16 years and over 115,928 $900 63,879 $993 52,050 $794 16 to 24 years 10,011 581 5,417 609 4,594 539 16 to 19 years 1,257 472 724 501 534 437 20 to 24 years 8,754 594 4,694 624 4,060 558 25 years and over 105,917 946 58,461 1,045 47,456 834 25 to 54 years 81,379 924 45,103 1,014 36,276 825 25 to 34 years 29,197 820 16,229 877 12,969 763 35 to 44 years 26,748 996 15,076 1,112 11,672 877 45 to 54 years 25,433 1,006 13,798 1,138 11,635 876 55 years and over 24,539 1,015 13,359 1,166 11,180 873 55 to 64 years 19,835 1,037 10,724 1,191 9,111 895 65 years and over 4,704 914 2,634 1,037 2,069 757 White 16 years and over 88,968 931 50,212 1,024 38,755 816 16 to 24 years 7,582 593 4,189 624 3,393 553 25 years and over 81,386 979 46,023 1,086 35,363 859 25 to 54 years 61,482 956 34,887 1,043 26,595 850 55 years and over 19,904 1,054 11,136 1,218 8,768 894 Black or African American 16 years and over 15,162 712 7,295 773 7,866 665 16 to 24 years 1,443 486 702 502 741 462 25 years and over 13,719 756 6,593 805 7,125 697 25 to 54 years 11,049 736 5,366 793 5,683 681 55 years and over 2,670 826 1,228 907 1,442 791 Asian 16 years and over 7,850 1,095 4,167 1,256 3,683 937 16 to 24 years 463 696 234 787 229 623 25 years and over 7,387 1,146 3,933 1,324 3,454 964 25 to 54 years 5,919 1,175 3,225 1,370 2,693 994 55 years and over 1,468 942 708 1,150 760 863 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity 16 years and over 20,461 684 12,279 736 8,182 610 16 to 24 years 2,427 545 1,386 599 1,041 490 25 years and over 18,034 716 10,893 765 7,141 643 25 to 54 years 15,166 711 9,085 753 6,081 651 55 years and over 2,868 761 1,808 846 1,060 609 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.



Table 4. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex, quarterly averages, not seasonally adjusted Occupation and sex Number of workers

(in thousands) Median weekly earnings 4th

2017 4th

2018 4th

2017 4th

2018 TOTAL Management, professional, and related occupations 47,276 48,938 $1,235 $1,269 Management, business, and financial operations occupations 19,461 19,975 1,336 1,384 Professional and related occupations 27,815 28,963 1,167 1,202 Service occupations 16,336 15,936 539 574 Sales and office occupations 23,873 23,801 719 743 Sales and related occupations 9,859 9,934 755 826 Office and administrative support occupations 14,013 13,867 707 713 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations 11,493 11,689 810 842 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 856 844 523 538 Construction and extraction occupations 6,359 6,525 807 814 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 4,277 4,320 902 957 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 15,173 15,565 698 723 Production occupations 7,517 7,730 704 744 Transportation and material moving occupations 7,656 7,835 692 699 Men Management, professional, and related occupations 22,638 23,404 1,475 1,505 Management, business, and financial operations occupations 10,273 10,578 1,548 1,561 Professional and related occupations 12,364 12,826 1,434 1,459 Service occupations 8,165 7,559 602 675 Sales and office occupations 9,453 9,556 845 852 Sales and related occupations 5,634 5,487 902 969 Office and administrative support occupations 3,818 4,070 760 729 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations 10,942 11,167 818 858 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 672 646 556 575 Construction and extraction occupations 6,192 6,341 807 815 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 4,078 4,180 910 964 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 11,836 12,192 743 782 Production occupations 5,340 5,681 776 804 Transportation and material moving occupations 6,495 6,511 715 748 Women Management, professional, and related occupations 24,639 25,534 1,052 1,102 Management, business, and financial operations occupations 9,188 9,398 1,137 1,222 Professional and related occupations 15,451 16,137 1,012 1,038 Service occupations 8,171 8,377 499 512 Sales and office occupations 14,420 14,244 675 698 Sales and related occupations 4,225 4,447 618 668 Office and administrative support occupations 10,195 9,797 691 708 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations 551 522 597 581 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 184 197 489 490 Construction and extraction occupations 168 184 810 762 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 199 140 658 692 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 3,338 3,372 558 584 Production occupations 2,177 2,049 572 594 Transportation and material moving occupations 1,161 1,323 520 569 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.



Table 5. Quartiles and selected deciles of usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, 4th quarter 2018 averages, not seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of

workers

(in

thousands) Upper limit of: First decile First

quartile Second

quartile

(median) Third

quartile Ninth

decile SEX, RACE, AND HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Total, 16 years and over 115,928 $444 $601 $900 $1,437 $2,213 Men 63,879 482 652 993 1,579 2,413 Women 52,050 413 554 794 1,248 1,912 White 88,968 460 616 931 1,474 2,278 Men 50,212 493 678 1,024 1,616 2,484 Women 38,755 422 569 816 1,266 1,914 Black or African American 15,162 395 518 712 1,075 1,655 Men 7,295 403 547 773 1,134 1,731 Women 7,866 388 502 665 1,020 1,570 Asian 7,850 488 690 1,095 1,868 2,704 Men 4,167 519 774 1,256 1,995 2,918 Women 3,683 446 611 937 1,571 2,304 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity 20,461 399 501 684 1,011 1,570 Men 12,279 421 535 736 1,083 1,669 Women 8,182 378 464 610 915 1,370 EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT Total, 25 years and over 105,917 468 625 946 1,500 2,294 Less than a high school diploma 6,934 360 436 543 727 1,002 High school graduates, no college 26,746 421 542 746 1,072 1,534 Some college or associate degree 27,130 459 606 853 1,237 1,759 Bachelor's degree and higher 45,107 621 880 1,340 1,999 2,952 Bachelor's degree only 27,963 589 804 1,205 1,868 2,696 Advanced degree 17,144 732 1,025 1,544 2,309 3,416 Men, 25 years and over 58,461 499 693 1,045 1,647 2,503 Less than a high school diploma 4,723 387 475 595 787 1,170 High school graduates, no college 16,389 467 603 835 1,198 1,711 Some college or associate degree 14,727 510 687 989 1,396 1,920 Bachelor's degree and higher 22,622 702 1,000 1,541 2,304 3,409 Bachelor's degree only 14,364 665 917 1,399 2,077 3,084 Advanced degree 8,258 838 1,195 1,833 2,711 3,909 Women, 25 years and over 47,456 428 581 834 1,300 1,988 Less than a high school diploma 2,211 325 391 480 567 723 High school graduates, no college 10,357 389 486 622 849 1,174 Some college or associate degree 12,403 413 549 720 1,018 1,432 Bachelor's degree and higher 22,485 580 790 1,155 1,755 2,485 Bachelor's degree only 13,599 540 733 1,030 1,566 2,275 Advanced degree 8,886 675 934 1,342 1,975 2,884 NOTE: Ten percent of all full-time wage and salary workers earn less than the upper limit of the first decile; 25 percent earn less than the upper limit of the first quartile; 50 percent earn less than the upper limit of the second quartile, or median; 75 percent earn less than the upper limit of the third quartile; and 90 percent earn less than the upper limit of the ninth decile.

Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.



Table 6. Median usual weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, quarterly averages, not seasonally adjusted Characteristic Number of workers

(in thousands) Median weekly earnings 4th

2017 4th

2018 4th

2017 4th

2018 SEX AND AGE Total, 16 years and over 23,779 24,763 $256 $272 Men, 16 years and over 8,310 8,642 241 265 16 to 24 years 3,628 3,683 194 195 25 years and over 4,682 4,959 298 335 Women, 16 years and over 15,468 16,121 263 275 16 to 24 years 4,652 4,671 196 200 25 years and over 10,816 11,450 303 315 RACE, HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY, AND SEX White 18,642 19,269 258 275 Men 6,389 6,646 239 268 Women 12,253 12,623 266 279 Black or African American 2,878 3,065 247 264 Men 1,085 1,118 244 258 Women 1,793 1,947 248 267 Asian 1,206 1,351 259 283 Men 446 499 248 283 Women 760 853 265 284 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity 3,882 4,461 262 267 Men 1,379 1,538 264 292 Women 2,504 2,923 260 256 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.



Table 7. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, annual averages Characteristic Number of workers

(in thousands) Median weekly earnings 2017 2018 In current dollars In constant (1982-84) dollars 2017 2018 2017 2018 SEX AND AGE Total, 16 years and over 113,272 115,567 $860 $886 $351 $353 Men, 16 years and over 62,980 64,142 941 973 384 387 16 to 24 years 5,791 5,818 547 575 223 229 25 years and over 57,190 58,324 996 1,026 406 409 Women, 16 years and over 50,291 51,425 770 789 314 314 16 to 24 years 4,490 4,611 499 522 204 208 25 years and over 45,801 46,814 810 830 330 330 RACE, HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY, AND SEX White 87,730 88,953 890 916 363 365 Men 50,003 50,570 971 1,002 396 399 Women 37,727 38,384 795 817 324 325 Black or African American 14,521 15,041 682 694 278 276 Men 6,928 7,282 710 735 289 293 Women 7,593 7,760 657 654 268 260 Asian 7,320 7,643 1,043 1,095 426 436 Men 4,014 4,169 1,207 1,241 492 494 Women 3,306 3,474 903 937 368 373 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity 19,615 20,297 655 680 267 271 Men 11,896 12,226 690 720 282 287 Women 7,719 8,071 603 617 246 246 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.



Table 8. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex, annual averages Occupation and sex Number of workers

(in thousands) Median weekly earnings 2017 2018 2017 2018 TOTAL Management, professional, and related occupations 47,207 48,808 $1,224 $1,246 Management, business, and financial operations occupations 19,414 19,863 1,327 1,355 Professional and related occupations 27,794 28,945 1,160 1,176 Service occupations 16,044 16,288 544 569 Sales and office occupations 23,686 23,714 718 742 Sales and related occupations 9,953 10,077 763 798 Office and administrative support occupations 13,733 13,637 701 717 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations 11,509 11,546 801 824 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 962 850 539 581 Construction and extraction occupations 6,147 6,414 796 808 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 4,400 4,282 878 934 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 14,825 15,210 692 707 Production occupations 7,589 7,668 701 723 Transportation and material moving occupations 7,236 7,542 681 689 Men Management, professional, and related occupations 22,815 23,685 1,442 1,468 Management, business, and financial operations occupations 10,415 10,668 1,526 1,537 Professional and related occupations 12,400 13,017 1,391 1,425 Service occupations 7,985 7,948 608 641 Sales and office occupations 9,481 9,548 834 846 Sales and related occupations 5,598 5,621 934 949 Office and administrative support occupations 3,884 3,926 735 738 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations 10,994 11,030 809 834 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 756 667 585 602 Construction and extraction occupations 5,987 6,223 796 809 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 4,251 4,140 883 936 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 11,705 11,932 736 762 Production occupations 5,545 5,627 769 793 Transportation and material moving occupations 6,160 6,305 710 724 Women Management, professional, and related occupations 24,393 25,123 1,052 1,078 Management, business, and financial operations occupations 8,999 9,195 1,134 1,168 Professional and related occupations 15,394 15,929 1,014 1,024 Service occupations 8,059 8,340 501 511 Sales and office occupations 14,205 14,166 672 696 Sales and related occupations 4,355 4,455 609 651 Office and administrative support occupations 9,850 9,711 691 711 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations 515 516 579 638 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 206 183 471 483 Construction and extraction occupations 160 191 802 785 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 149 142 736 823 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 3,119 3,279 545 561 Production occupations 2,044 2,041 564 575 Transportation and material moving occupations 1,075 1,237 514 538 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

