There is no legitimate technical reason for Bitcoin not to be a global digital currency for every human being, even in the absence of decentralised layer 2 solutions.

The aggressive campaign waged by the Bitcoin Core developers to change the narrative of eCash => ‘digital gold’ is pure politics and ignores academic research* justifying meaningful on-chain scaling.

Despite the forward-thinking facade of the Bitcoin ecosystem, most are trapped into a 19th-20th century way of thinking about financial systems and are attempting to replicate all of its deficiencies in Bitcoin… and selling it as a feature!

Moreover many Bitcoin businesses cannot begin to take the risk of doing interesting things if the Core developers are hell-bent on pricing out its use to ordinary consumers.

EDIT