Ukraine's prime minister Arseny Yatseniuk has quit, berating parliament for failing to pass legislation to take control over an increasingly precarious energy situation and to increase funds for the army.

His move came on the day two parties quit the government coalition, forcing new elections for a parliament which has not changed since before the toppling of pro-Russian president Viktor Yanukovych in February.

His successor, president Petro Poroshenko, supported the move, which one politician said would clear "Moscow agents" from the chamber.

Mr Yatseniuk's resignation could leave a hole at the heart of decision-making as Ukraine struggles to fund a war with pro-Russian rebels in its east and deals with the aftermath of the MH17 plane crash that killed 298 people.

The usually mild-mannered Mr Yatseniuk bellowed at politicians who had failed to pass a law to allow a liberalisation of control over Ukraine's gas pipeline system.

He said politicians risked losing the hearts and minds of Ukrainians who had protested for months in the "Maidan" demonstrations in favour of joining Europe and against Mr Yanukovych.

"History will not forgive us," he told parliament.

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"Millions of people made this revolution. We did not take the European choice but the 'heavenly hundred' and thousands of other Ukrainians did," he said, referring to those killed, mainly by sniper fire, during the protests.

Mr Yatseniuk, who has been central to talks with the European Union and the United States, is unable to leave office immediately, political analysts say, because he is obliged to continue his duties until a new prime minister and government are installed.

But his impassioned speech underlines the frustration of many in Ukraine that change in the higher echelons of power is taking too much time.

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Morale has also sunk in Kiev since the downing of the Malaysian airliner in rebel-held territory in eastern Ukraine last week, even though Ukrainian forces are making headway in the military campaign against the separatists.

Mr Poroshenko welcomed the decision by the nationalist party Svoboda and the Udar (Punch) party of former boxing champion Vitaly Klitschko to withdraw from the majority coalition in parliament.

"Society wants a full reset of state authorities," Mr Poroshenko said in a statement, adding that the move showed those who decided to quit the coalition were following the will of the people.

Politicians and pro-European activists have complained that while Ukraine has a new president, it has yet to elect a new parliament since the toppling of Mr Yanukovych in February, and accuse his supporters of hampering its work.

Mr Yatseniuk says blocking legislation, like a bill to allow consortiums with European or US companies to operate Ukraine's ageing gas distribution system and storage facilities, means parliament is putting Ukraine's future at risk.

By not tackling budget spending, it is also putting the lives of Ukraine's soldiers in jeopardy, he says.

"It's unacceptable that because laws have not been passed, we now have no means with which to pay soldiers, doctors, police, we have no fuel for armoured vehicles, and no way of freeing ourselves from dependence on Russian gas," he said.

"Those people who are sitting there under fire, can we just think of them?"

Reuters