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Plumes of smoke and ash have been billowing up to 3,400m (11,150ft) above the mountain's summit over the weekend, prompting the National Disaster Mitigation Agency (NDMA) to expanded the danger zone to 10 kilometres (6 miles) in places from the previous 7.5 kilometres.

The ash cloud has forced Bali’s Denpasar International Airport to close, leaving thousands of tourists stranded.

Airport spokesman Air Ahsanurrohim said 445 flights were cancelled, stranding about 59,000 travellers.

Images have emrged of travellers sleeping in the airport terminal as they wait for more travel news.

NDMA Spokesman Sutopo Purwo Nugroho told a news conference in Jakarta that the new expanded danger zone affects 22 villages, with a combined population of between 90,000 and 100,000.

Bali volcano eruption: Latest updates