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With recreational cannabis now legal, some buyers are experiencing sticker shock when it comes to pot taxes.

In some communities, state and local taxes have ballooned to 45 percent for recreational marijuana, but because rates vary from city to city, county to county, the new taxes have created a whole lot of confusion among customers.

Whether you’re buying recreational or medicinal cannabis, the exact final price depends on your store’s local sales taxes and whether it raises prices to match new costs in the supply chain.

If confusion about taxes isn’t enough, information about just where that new money –potentially $1 billion statewide -will go has also been murky.

Here’s a quick look at the new taxes followed by a breakdown of where money generated from the new fees will go:

Proposition 64 created two new excise taxes on marijuana:


A cultivation tax of $9.25 per ounce for flowers and $2.75 per ounce for leaves.

And a 15 percent statewide tax on the retail price of marijuana. Retailers pay it up front to their distributor, then pass it on to the consumer in the price of the cannabis. The customer’s receipt or invoice will include the statement: “The cannabis excise taxes are included in the total amount of this invoice.”

Local governments were authorized to levy taxes on marijuana as well, but there’s no requirement for cities to tax the same amount. Local taxes are wildly varied across the state.

For example, San Jose, Oakland and Berkeley all have a local tax of 9.25 percent while the local tax in San Francisco is 8.5 percent. Medicinal marijuana patients who hold a valid Medical Marijuana Identification Card are exempt from paying sales tax.

Cities can add on local “cannabis business taxes as well, according to Paul Cambra, a spokesman for the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration.

For example, Oakland taxes recreational marijuana at 10 percent, and medicinal marijuana at 5 percent. Berkeley taxes recreational marijuana at 10 percent, and medicinal marijuana at 2.5 percent.

While governments struggling to keep up with the cost of everything from worker pensions to paving streets are eager for the cascade of new tax money from commercial pot sales, some worry the new high taxes may send people back to the black market for weed.

“High effective tax rates on California cannabis may complicate the state's efforts to establish legal markets" said analysts Stephen Walsh and Karen Ribble in a Fitch Ratings report on California's marijuana taxes.

The credit agency report says that Colorado, Oregon and Washington all reduced tax rates after the pot became legal to shift buyers back toward the legal market.

Steve DeAngelo, the the-co-founder and executive director at Harborside in Oakland, said he doesn’t think the current tax rate for cannabis in California is sustainable.

“Because we have a very robust market in California, almost everyone knows someone down the street where the cost of cannabis is considerably lower,’’ he said.

DeAngelo anticipates that 30 to 40 percent of customers will go back to the black market if taxes remain high.

“People are really really thrilled to have the legal cannabis experience but they are dismayed to find out that it’s going to cost them much more than the illegal experience. ----

So where does all this tax money go?

First, the revenue will be used to cover costs of administrating and enforcing the measure. Next, it will be distributed to drug research, treatment, and enforcement.

For example, $3 million annually for five years will go to the Department of the California Highway Patrol for developing protocols to determine whether a motorist is impaired due to marijuana consumption.

Grants of $10 million yearly for five years will go to local health departments and community-based nonprofits supporting "job placement, mental health treatment, substance use disorder treatment, system navigation services, legal services to address barriers to reentry, and linkages to medical care for communities disproportionately affected by past federal and state drug policies."

The remaining revenue will be distributed to youth programs, including drug education, prevention, and treatment, environmental mitigation from damage done by illegal marijuana producers, and a program designed to reduce negative impacts on health or safety resulting from the proposition.