Mr. Bush complained that White House officials were not included in the discussions.

“After going alone and going nowhere, Congress should instead work with the administration on a bill that puts poor children first,” Mr. Bush said Tuesday.

States, unsure of federal money, are drafting contingency plans in case it runs short.

Officials in charge of the child health program in California said Tuesday that they were adopting rules to allow the state to create a waiting list and to remove some of the 1.1 million children already on the rolls.

“The stalemate in Washington is having a real impact on children here,” said Lesley S. Cummings, executive director of the agency that runs the child health program in California. “Given continued uncertainty, we will have to start dropping children from the program — 64,000 a month, starting in January — to save money. This is getting less and less hypothetical.”

According to the new study, from the Congressional Research Service, the nine states that will run out of money by March are Alaska, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey and Rhode Island.

The federal budget for the program is $5 billion for the current fiscal year, which began Oct. 1. But states, by their own estimates, expect to spend $7.6 billion. To continue coverage for people now enrolled in the 21 states would require an extra $1.6 billion just for the current fiscal year, the study said.