A pregnant 19-year-old fell to her death while trying to scale a border fence in Texas over the weekend, authorities said on Thursday.

The woman, Miriam Estefany Giron Luna, of Guatemala, fell backward from the top of an 18-foot-high span of steel mesh fencing while trying to cross with the child's father, according to a statement from Guatemala's Foreign Ministry. Ms Giron Luna, who was 30 weeks pregnant, died from her injuries on Tuesday, and doctors were not able to save the child, the statement said.

Tekandi Paniagua, a Guatemalan consular official based in Texas, said the fact that the couple was attempting to sneak into the United States by climbing the fence was an indication of shifting migration dynamics at the border. A year ago, during the height of the family migration surge, the couple likely would have tried to turn themselves in to seek asylum, he said, but the array of new restrictions imposed by the Trump administration has prompted border-crossers to take more risks.

Ms Giron Luna's death is the latest in a string of recent accidents and injuries that reflect migrants' increasingly desperate attempts to enter the United States, the statement said.

Since October, at least five other Guatemalans have suffered broken bones and other serious injuries after falling from the border wall, Mr Paniagua said. Authorities also have interdicted seven tractor trailers with migrants hiding inside since January, he said, after recording just 12 such incidents in all of 2019.

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(Photo by ISAAC GUZMAN / AFP) (Photo by ISAAC GUZMAN/AFP via Getty Images) ISAAC GUZMAN AFP via Getty Central American migrant caravan tries to enter Mexico TOPSHOT - A Central American migrant - part of a caravan of mostly Hondurans travelling in caravan to the US- is tackled by a member of Mexico's National Guard after crossing the Suichate River, the natural border between Tecun Uman in Guatemala and Ciudad Hidalgo in Mexico, on January 20, 2020. - Hundreds of Central Americans from a new migrant caravan tried to enter Mexico by force Monday by crossing the river that divides the country from Guatemala, prompting the National Guard to fire tear gas, an AFP correspondent said. (Photo by ISAAC GUZMAN / AFP) (Photo by ISAAC GUZMAN/AFP via Getty Images) ISAAC GUZMAN AFP via Getty Central American migrant caravan tries to enter Mexico epa08145436 Central American migrants, mostly Hondurans, manage to cross the SuchÃ­ate river that divides Mexico and Guatemala to enter Mexican territory, in City of Hidalgo, Chiapas state, Mexico, 20 January 2020. Hundreds of migrants are crossing the Suchiate River, which separates Guatemala from Mexico, in order to enter Mexican territory illegally after the government rejected their formal request to enter the country. On 19 January, a migrant caravan consisting of Central Americans at the border of Guatemala announced that they would postpone their crossing to 20 January because they still wait for other partners, with whom they estimate to add between 5,000 and 8,000 people. 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“This is a very worrisome trend,” he said. “People are taking more and more risks, and they're losing their lives.”

During the 2019 fiscal year, US authorities took more than 470,000 migrants into custody who arrived as part of a family group amid a record influx of Central Americans claiming a fear of persecution in their home countries. The Trump administration has responded with an array of measures that have all but closed the southern border to asylum seekers, while sending at least 60,000 to Mexico to wait outside US territory while their cases are processed.

Those measures have led to a 75 per cent drop in border detentions since May, US authorities say, even as the latest figures show a slight uptick in the number of single Mexican adults and unaccompanied minors attempting to cross.

With the addition of taller and more formidable barriers along the border, including more than 135 miles of new 30-foot-tall bollard fencing the Trump administration has installed, smuggling organisations have been using improvised ladders to take migrants over the top.

The tactic requires migrants to cling to the top of the structure, then climb a ladder down the other side or slide down by wrapping their arms and legs around the steel. The move requires a significant degree of athleticism.

Giron Luna was a social worker and beauty pageant winner in her hometown in Guatemala's Quetzaltenango department, according to Mr Paniagua and social media posts from friends mourning her death. Her friends said she made the journey to the border to support her family financially.

Giron Luna slipped while trying to descend from the top of the barrier, Mr Paniagua said, landing on her back. The teen's partner, Dilver Israel Diaz Garcia, 26, carried her away from the scene seeking help and encountered US Border Patrol agents, who radioed for an ambulance.

Doctors in El Paso were unsuccessful in trying to deliver the child via Caesarean section, and Giron Luna underwent multiple surgeries before dying, Mr Paniagua said. Diaz Garcia remains in US Border Patrol custody, where he faces deportation.

In a conference call with reporters Thursday, US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) acting commissioner Mark Morgan described Giron Luna's fatal fall in detail, calling it “an example of the truth” of what's occurring at the border.

“The smugglers quickly left them alone, fading off in the darkness, leaving them to make the final legs of the journey by themselves,” he said. “As they attempted to climb the wall, the husband could do nothing but watch as he saw his pregnant wife fall to the ground.”

“This is absolutely tragic,” Mr Morgan said. “But what is also part of the tragedy is what's preventable. Do not listen to the smugglers. They do not care about you. They will abuse you and they will leave you behind to die. That is the truth. Those are the facts.”

CBP officials have not released data indicating how many injuries there have been along the border in recent months. Two Guatemalan teens suffered significant injuries after falling from an 18-foot span of fencing in Arizona in 2018, an incident recorded by CBP video cameras.