This article is part of our continuing Fast Forward series, which examines technological, economic, social and cultural shifts that happen as businesses evolve.

At a production plant in western Tennessee, about 100 3-D printers, arranged in pods for different tasks and parts, spit out hundreds of pairs of individually fitted insoles and sandals a day.

Every pair has someone’s name on it. The footwear is based on foot scans that customers make with smartphones, using the manufacturer’s app. Customers transmit the images via the app, along with their choices of colors and patterns.

The manufacturer, the Canadian-American start-up Wiivv, extracts hundreds of data points from each scan to produce a three-dimensional image of each foot and then prints footwear fitting that customer and no one else. To make the product even more personal, Wiivv adds the customer’s name; in the case of sandals, the name appears inside the arch.