By: Megan Smith & Yana Weinstein

As you already know if you’ve been reading our blog, quizzing in the classroom helps students learn. For this reason, we have talked a fair amount about giving students frequent quizzes during class in previous blog posts. We discussed how to make quizzing fun in the classroom in two parts (Part 1; Part 2), whether quizzing format (such as multiple choice or short answer) matters when it comes to improving learning, and where the quiz questions should go during a lecture.

Quizzing is beneficial to student learning because it involves retrieval practice, or thinking back to information previously learned and bringing it to mind. Retrieval practice occurs when students take a standard test or quiz, but of course retrieval practice can be implemented in other ways. Students can draw what they know, or produce concept maps from memory (1).

Quizzes help students learn

What we know from cognitive psychology strongly suggests that the act of retrieving information directly helps students learn. This benefit occurs even in the absence of feedback, and in the absence of an opportunity to restudy the information (2). The process of retrieval – bringing the information to mind – actually leads to learning all by itself. What’s more, bringing the information to mind can sometimes improve students’ ability to apply the information in new situations (3).

Quizzes give teachers feedback

Giving frequent quizzes gives the teacher an idea of how well the class as a whole grasps the concepts. In my class, if a couple of students are struggling, I can reach out to them and encourage them to come to my office to ask questions individually. If many students are struggling, this tells me that I need to do something different during class. I can rethink the way I am explaining something, provide additional instruction in the classroom, or create an engaging activity for the class to do together to make sure the content is clear.

In addition to those two key benefits to students and teachers, though, there are some additional less obvious benefits of giving students regular quizzes (4). Here, we’ll describe just 3 of them.

Quizzes increase attendance

This may be more relevant to college, where attendance is less enforced, although in high-school attendance can also be a problem. When in-class quizzes are frequent, students need to be in class in order to take the quizzes. For example, I give pop extra credit quizzes, and my students know that they can only get extra credit from the quizzes if they are present in class. So, by providing random extra credit quizzes I’m hoping to motivate my students to come to class, and to come prepared for class. More frequent attendance and preparation should help them learn.