In an interview Tuesday, Mr. Boorstin said he hoped the paper might resonate with trade officials currently negotiating the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership  a Pacific rim free-trade pact that is being pushed by the United States. The partnership was a topic last weekend in Yokohama, Japan, at a meeting of the 21-nation Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation group, of which China and the United States are members.

The White House, Mr. Boorstin said, has referred to the Trans-Pacific Partnership as "the first full-fledged trade pact of the 21st century, and we want to make sure that it reflects the 21st century economy."

Until January, as an accommodation to Beijing’s policy, Google was censoring search results delivered to computers in China. But in March, reconsidering that approach, the company curtailed its operations in China and began directing Internet users there to its site in Hong Kong. A former British colony, Hong Kong maintains freedom of speech and other individual liberties despite its return to Chinese sovereignty in 1997.

Since March, Google has lobbied Beijing with little success for unfettered access to the Chinese market.

Even before it pulled out of the mainland, Google was losing market share to a Chinese rival, Baidu. And it has lost further market share since then. The latest industry estimates suggest that Google, which before March had about one-third of the mainland market for Internet searches, now has only about one-fifth, with Baidu having the rest.

Kaiser Kuo, the director of international communications for Baidu, said it was wrong to suggest that China’s controls on the Internet were unfairly helping his company.

“Google no longer incurs the costs of censorship that we continue to incur; those costs include not only hardware, software and manpower but most importantly the time of our very senior managers,” Mr. Kuo said. “We should not labor under the illusion that censorship is some sort of competitive advantage to Baidu.”