Sometimes you want to a breakpoint to happen only when certain conditions are true. Such as a session having started, a file or socket being open or an iteration being at a certain point. Conditional breakpoints can help with this.

Regexp, temporary and normal breakpoints can all be made conditional by adding the suffix:

if [CONDITION]

Here [CONDITION] is a boolean expression, which, in GDB is true if the result is nonzero, otherwise it is false. The condition can include a function call, the value of a variable or the result of any GDB expression.

A common use case is using a conditional breakpoint to pause execution of your program on the [N]th iteration of a loop by typing something like:

break foo if i == [N]

For example: