New law Law on hold or overturned New law in place, litigation pending New law on hold or overturned, litigation pending Other related litigation

Fifteen states will have laws in place this Election Day that have never before been tested in a presidential election. This map shows those states, as well as where litigation over an election law is pending.

Map: Sarah Smith and Al Shaw/ProPublica, Source: Brennan Center

We’re keeping this post up to date. It was originally published Aug. 12, 2016.

There are 15 states with new voting laws that have never before been used during a presidential election, according to a report by the Brennan Center for Justice. These laws include restrictions like voter ID requirements and limits on early voting. Many are making their way through the courts, which have already called a halt to two laws in the past month — one in North Carolina and one in North Dakota.

There is no act more central to a democracy than voting. Electionland is a project that will cover access to the ballot and problems that prevent people from exercising their right to vote during the 2016 election. Read more and sign up.

“All the sides were pushing for opinions over the summer so that nobody would run into the concern that it was all of a sudden too late to shift what the state had been planning to do,” said Jennifer Clark, counsel for the Brennan Center’s Democracy Program.

We’re tracking the new laws and the suits against them in the run-up to Election Day. We’ll keep this updated as decisions roll in.

Alabama

Updated Sept. 12.

Status: Litigation pending. Preliminary injunction issued. New voting law will be in place on Election Day.

While a federal judge declined to issue a preliminary injunction against Alabama’s photo-ID law in February, a case against the law will go forward, with a trial expected in 2017. Alabama election law also requires proof of citizenship, a statute upheld in late June (the D.C. Circuit court of appeals will hear arguments in September).

A three-judge appeals court panel blocked Alabama’s proof-of-citizenship requirement on Sept. 9, along with proof-of-citizenship requirements in Georgia and Kansas.

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Arizona

Updated Nov. 7.

Status: Maricopa County under court supervision, ballot harvesting law overturned, out-of-precinct ballots rejected.

The Lawyer’s Committee for Civil Rights Under Law filed suit against Maricopa County on June 2, after the county cut down the number of polling places for the presidential primary by 70 percent. The reduction in polling place caused lines so long that some people waited up to five hour*s, and many people left without voting. The county had only one polling place for every 21,000 voters.

The suit asks for court supervision over all elections through the 2020 presidential primary, limits on waiting time at polls, and court approval over polling place maps.

Less than a week after the election, an Arizona election official apologized. “I apologize profusely — I can’t go back and undo it,” the official said.

On Sept. 9, the Democratic National Committee settled part of the suit they brought in April over the Maricopa lines, with county officials saying they’d implement some of the DNC’s suggestions on polling place organization and consider other suggestions. Left unsettled, though, is part of the DNC’s suit against an Arizona balloting statute, which automatically rejects provisional ballots not cast at the correct polling place.

While a 9th Circuit panel ruled 2-1 on Nov. 3 that the state had to count ballots cast in the incorrect precinct, the full court reversed the ruling the next day.

The state also made it a felony to collect ballots for others and bring them to the polls, a law which will be in force for the first time for the 2016 election.

On Oct. 4, the Democratic National Committee, Hillary for America and several other plaintiffs filed for an emergency injunction to stop Arizona’s ballot-collection law. A 9th Circuit Court panel voted 2–1 to allow Arizona to continue enforcing the law on Oct. 30. Each side has a day to file briefs before a likely ruling by the full court within days. The Supreme Court issued an injunction halting the law on Nov. 5.

The Arizona Democratic Party sued the Arizona Republican Party, Donald Trump, Roger Stone and Stone’s organization “Stop the Steal” for voter intimidation on Oct. 31. The Arizona Democratic Party is asking the court to enforce current law and bar anyone who is not an official party or candidate representative from poll watching, going within 75 feet of a polling place, or questioning voters (the suit specifically asks the court to forbid Stone’s “exit polling”). The complaint claims that the state GOP, Trump and Stone are intimidating voters, specifically minority voters, and is in violation of both the Ku Klux Klan Act and the Voting Rights Act.

This suit accompanies similar ones in Nevada, Ohio and Pennsylvania.

On Nov. 4, a federal judge denied the voter intimidation injunction.

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California

Updated Nov. 3.

Status: Temporary restraining order denied.

The ACLU filed for a temporary restraining order to allow voters to take ballot selfies on Oct. 31. The motion was denied on Nov. 2.

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Colorado

Updated: Nov. 7

Status: Voting law temporarily lifted

A federal judge ordered Colorado’s ban on ballot selfies lifted temporarily for the election on Nov. 4.

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Florida

Updated Oct. 17.

Status: Lawsuit won.

The Florida Democratic Party sued Florida’s Republican governor, Rick Scott, and the state’s top elections official on Oct. 9 to extend the state’s voter registration deadline by a week in the wake of Hurricane Matthew. While Scott urged Floridians to flee the storm, he refused to extend the Oct. 11 registration deadline. When asked during an Oct. 8 ABC interview why he wouldn’t extend the deadline, Scott said, “Look, this is, this is politics. I mean, right now I’m focused on getting — I’m getting this done. I’m focused on saving everybody’s life.”

On Oct. 10, a federal judge extendedhttp://www.cnn.com/2016/10/10/politics/federal-judge-extends-florida-voter-registration-deadline/ the registration deadline to Oct. 12. At a hearing that same day, the judge extended the deadline to Oct. 18.

The Democratic National Committee and the Florida Democratic Party sued Florida’s chief elections official on Oct. 3, requesting an injunction to prevent election boards from rejecting mail-in ballots on which the signature doesn’t exactly match the signature a board has on file. The suit argues that voters who mail in a ballot without any signature are able to fix their mistake by signing an affidavit, but there’s no similar fix for a signature mismatch.

On Oct. 16, a federal judge ruled against Florida’s signature rule. “The issue in this case is whether Florida’s statutory scheme, which provides an opportunity to cure no-signature ballots yet denies that same opportunity for mismatched-signature ballots, is legally tenable,” the judge wrote. “The answer is a resounding ‘no.’”

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Georgia

Updated Oct. 19.

Status: A voting law passed in 2009, but only now in force, will be in place on Election Day. Preliminary injunction issued.

The GOP-dominated legislature passed a law back in 2009 that required voters to show proof of citizenship when registering. But the state couldn’t implement it until received the go-ahead in January from the U.S. Election Assistance Commission. The EAC is a federal government agency that was created by the Help America Vote Act in the wake of the 2000 Florida election fiasco. It develops election-administration guidelines and serves as the election administration clearinghouse. The League of Women Voters filed suit a month later over Georgia’s proof-of-citizenship requirement, as well as similar ones in Alabama and Kansas, and lost. Another lawsuit is pending alleging that the state illegally purged voters from the rolls.

A three-judge appeals court panel blocked Georgia’s proof-of-citizenship requirement on Sept. 9, along with proof-of-citizenship requirements in Alabama and Kansas.

The Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, along with other civil rights groups, sued Georgia on Sept. 14, alleging that its voter registration system violates the Voting Rights Act and the First and Fourteenth Amendments by disproportionately disenfranchising minority voters. A 2010 policy requires voters’ information to exactly match what’s in Social Security or Georgia Department of Driver Services databases. Stephanie Cho of Asian Americans Advancing Justice, a plaintiff in the case, explained in a press release that Asian Americans often have names that are unfamiliar to clerks and therefore they won’t fit the exact match requirement. Similar issues impact Hispanic Americans and African Americans, one of the lawyers in the case told the Associated Press.

On Oct. 13, the Georgia NAACP and two other plaintiffs sued the state to extend the voter registration deadline (which was Oct. 11) in Chatham County because of Hurricane Matthew. The next day, a judge granted the extension.

The ACLU sued on Oct. 17 to extend the registration deadline for the counties affected by the hurricane: Bryan, Camden, Chatham, Glynn, Liberty and McIntosh counties. The ACLU is asking the court for a deadline six days from any court order handed down. On Oct. 19, a federal judge denied the request.

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Indiana

Status: New voting law will be in place on Election Day.

Indiana has long had a photo-ID law. In fact, the Supreme Court case that ultimately found voter-ID laws to be constitutional, Crawford v. Marion County Election Board, originated from a 2005 Indiana law. A 2013 add-on allows partisan election officers to ask for anyone’s proof of identification.

In 2015, a judge ruled in favor of an ACLU lawsuit challenging a law that made it a felony to take a photo of your own ballot.

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Kansas

Updated Oct. 19.

Status: Voting law overturned.

On the same day as rulings in Wisconsin and North Carolina, a state district judge in Kansas allowed voters to have their primaries ballots counted even without proof of citizenship to have their ballots counted in the state’s primary election. An order not to count the ballots had been issued by Kansas Secretary of State Kris Kobach. It was part of an effort, started in 2013, to set up a two-tiered voting system, which prohibits voters who don’t show proof of citizenship (which is not required by federal voting law) from voting in state-level elections (Another case based on the two-tiered system is winding its way through appeals. The judge intends to rule again in September, before the November election.

A three-judge appeals court panel blocked Kansas’s proof-of-citizenship requirement on Sept. 9, along with proof-of-citizenship requirements in Alabama and Georgia.

On Oct. 19, a three-judge panel issued a unanimous opinion that allows Kansans to vote without providing proof of U.S. citizenship. “There can be no dispute that the right to vote is a constitutionally protected fundamental right,” the court wrote.

A state court permanently blocked the two-tiered voter registration system on Nov. 4.

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Massachusetts

Updated Nov. 2.

Status: Litigation pending.

The ACLU filed a challenge on Nov. 2 to Massachusetts’s law that requires voters to register 20 days before an election.

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Michigan

Updated Nov. 1.

Status: Voting law overturned

A federal judge struck down Michigan’s ban on straight-ticket voting in July, ruling that it would unfairly burden black voters. In straight-ticket voting, a voter can select all candidates from the same party with one stroke. African-American voters are more likely to vote Democrat, and lawyers opposing the ban found that 70 percent of ballots in Detroit and Flint - cities with high percentages of African Americans - were cast with straight-ticket voting.

On Oct. 28, a 6th Circuit Court panel ruled 2–1 to restore the state’s ban on ballot selfies for this election.

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Mississippi

Status: New voting law will be in place on Election Day.

Mississippi’s photo-ID law was implemented in the 2014 midterm election and will get its first presidential test come November. Unlike most other states, Mississippi managed to avoid a lawsuit over its ID law. But, the Brennan Center’s Jennifer Clark warned, presidential elections are more of a test than even federal midterm elections: “A lot of people only show up to vote for presidential elections, and the electorate for a presidential election is more diverse in almost every way.”

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Missouri

Updated Sept. 15.

Status: New voting law pending for 2017.

Missouri’s Legislature overrode Democratic Gov. Jay Nixon’s veto of a voter-ID bill on Sept. 14. The law, which would require voters to show a driver's’ license or government ID to vote (voters without an ID can sign an affidavit and get their photo taken by an election worker), would not take effect till 2017. However, the measure still has to go through one more hurdle: Voters have to pass a constitutional amendment this November to support it, as the state’s Supreme Court ruled against voter-ID laws 10 years ago.

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Nebraska

Status: New voting law will be in place on Election Day.

In 2013, Nebraska shortened early voting from a 35-day minimum to a 30-day maximum. The new system has never been tested during a presidential election.

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Nevada

Updated Nov. 7.

Status: Litigation pending.

The Nevada Democratic Party sued the Nevada Republican Party, Donald Trump, Roger Stone and Stone’s organization “Stop the Steal” for voter intimidation on Oct. 31. The Nevada Democratic Party is asking the court to enforce current law and bar anyone who is not an official party or candidate representative from poll watching, going within 75 feet of a polling place, or questioning voters (the suit specifically asks the court to forbid Stone’s “exit polling”). The complaint claims that the state GOP, Trump and Stone are intimidating voters, specifically minority voters, and is in violation of both the Ku Klux Klan Act and the Voting Rights Act.

This suit accompanies similar ones in Arizona, Ohio and Pennsylvania.

A judge denied the request for a temporary restraining order against the Nevada GOP and the Trump campaign on Nov. 4. Stone, however, filed an affidavit that he would publish instructions on the Stop the Steal website that told volunteers not to talk to voters before they enter polling places, photograph or record voters without permission or wear any campaign material near a polling place, among other instructions.

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New Hampshire

Status: New voting law will be in place on Election Day, with a fail-safe.

New Hampshire’s photo-ID law was first passed in 2012, when a Republican-controlled Legislature overrode a veto by a Democratic governor. In September 2015, the state added a safety net for people without ID: They’ll have their picture taken at the polls and get cards sent to their home address to confirm their identities. In July 2015, Gov. Maggie Hassan, a Democrat, vetoed a bill that would have required a 30-day residency to vote.

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New Jersey

Updated Nov. 7.

Status: Litigation pending.

The Democratic National Committee sued the Republican National Committee over Donald Trump’s“rigged election” rhetoric on Oct. 26. The DNC claims that Trump’s insistence that the election will be rigged and organizing his supporters to monitor “certain areas” violate a 1981 New Jersey court order. That consent decree bars the RNC from taking part in anything other than “normal poll-watch functions.”

A district court denied the DNC’s motions on Nov. 5.

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New York

Updated Nov. 1.

Status: Litigation pending.

On Oct. 27, a group of voters filed suit to have New York’s ban on ballot selfies thrown out. Under current law, a ballot selfie is a misdemeanor.

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North Carolina

Updated Nov. 7.

Status: Voting law overturned. Litigation pending.

An appeals court struck down North Carolina’s voting restrictions — which were introduced the day after the Supreme Court decision in 2013 that limited enforcement of federal Voting Rights Act. The North Carolina law added a strict photo-ID requirement, shaved a week off of early voting, and cut same-day registration, preregistration and out-of-precinct voting. The Circuit Court found that the law’s provisions “target African Americans with almost surgical precision.”The state legislature, the ruling said, had specifically requested data on which racial groups benefited from certain voting mechanisms. The legislature then created laws which targeted the tactics most likely to make it easier for African-Americans to vote. In a rare move, the appeals court reversed the fact-finding of the district court, writing that it “fundamentally erred”.

“We can only conclude that the North Carolina General Assembly enacted the challenged provisions of the law with discriminatory intent,” the circuit court found.

While the state’s attorney general, Democrat Roy Cooper, said his office would not appeal the ruling, North Carolina’s Republican governor, Pat McCrory, filed an emergency stay request with the Supreme Court on Aug. 15. The state let the plaintiffs have same-day voting registration and out-of-precinct voting, but asked that the Court put back the voter ID law and the reduction on early voting and the ban on preregistration.

The U.S. Supreme Court denied McCrory’s stay request in an equally divided vote.

On Oct. 1, several of the plaintiffs from North Carolina’s original voter ID case filed an emergency motion asking for more early voting hours in five North Carolina counties. The plaintiffs include top Clinton campaign lawyer Marc Elias, who’s brought voting rights cases across the country.

The North Carolina Democratic Party won a suit on Oct. 14 to extend the voter registration deadline from Oct. 14 to the following Wednesday in the wake of Hurricane Matthew. The governor and other Republicans opposed the move.

“It is clear that North Carolina Democrats, who have been dominated in voter registration by Republicans, want to use a horrific natural disaster to change the rules in the middle of the game,” state Republican Chairman Robin Hayes said in a statement.

On Oct. 19, an appeals court panel denied the motion to extend voter registration.

A federal court ruled on Oct. 27 that North Carolina had to allow voters who had registered through the DMV back on the rolls or else be in violation of the Motor Voter Act. Voting rights groups sued back in December 2015 after finding that voters who registered through the DMV weren’t always added to the voter rolls.

The North Carolina NAACP filed suit on Oct. 31 asking the court to stop North Carolina from purging voter rolls. The filing alleges that counties were purging voters from the rolls based on just one piece of mail returned as undeliverable to voters’ listed addresses, even though voters either still live at their listed addresses or still live in the county and are eligible to vote there. A state court ordered North Carolina to stop the voter roll purges on Nov. 4.

The North Carolina Democratic Party filed suit against the North Carolina Republican Party, Donald Trump, Roger Stone and Roger Stone’s “Stop the Steal Organization” on Nov. 3 over voter intimidation. This lawsuit, which follows similar ones in Arizona, Ohio, Nevada and Pennsylvania, asks the court to enforce current law and bar anyone who is not an official party or candidate representative from poll watching, or questioning voters (the suit specifically asks the court to forbid Stone’s “exit polling”).

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North Dakota

Status: Voting restriction overturned.

A judge ruled in favor of plaintiffs asking for a preliminary injunction blocking North Dakota’s strict ID law on Aug. 1, thanks in large part to evidence that it disproportionately disenfranchised Native-American voters. The law, one of the most restrictive in the country, only allowed a few forms of acceptable ID, such as a North Dakota driver’s license, a tribal identification card, or a state ID, and required the ID to show a current address. Native Americans, the judge found, are significantly less likely to have valid forms of ID. The law also eliminated “fail-safe” measures, like allowing voters without an ID to sign an affidavit and have their vote counted.

“The record is replete with concrete evidence of significant burdens imposed on Native American voters attempting to exercise their right to vote in North Dakota,” wrote District Judge Daniel L. Hovland.

The state likely won’t appeal the injunction before the 2016 election. “We feel we have no choice but to comply with the judge’s ruling, and we’ll make plans accordingly,” North Dakota’s secretary of state told Frontline.

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Ohio

Updated Nov. 7.

Status: New voting law will be in place on Election Day. Litigation pending.

Opponents of Ohio’s voting restrictions scored some early victories. On May 24, a federal court threw out measures that cut early voting from 35 to 28 days, and eliminated “Golden Week,” which let residents register and cast absentee ballots simultaneously. On June 7, a federal judge blocked restrictions on absentee ballots as discriminatory. That law had required that absentee ballots be rejected if a voter made an error such as writing their address incorrectly, shortened the time a voter had to fix such mistakes, and prohibited poll workers from helping voters fill out the absentee ballot unless voters were disabled or illiterate.

On Aug. 23, the 6th Circuit Court of Appeals reversed the earlier trial court ruling on Golden Week. “Proper deference to state legislative authority requires that Ohio’s election process be allowed to proceed unhindered by the federal courts,” the court wrote in its ruling.

The Supreme Court declined to review the 6th Circuit ruling on Sept. 14, allowing the law cutting Golden Week to stand.

A separate lawsuit challenged restrictions on absentee ballots that prohibited unsolicited absentee ballot mailers and prepaid postage on absentee ballots. The plaintiffs lost and the case is being appealed. On Sept. 13, a 6th Circuit Appeals Court panel ruled 2–1 against the plaintiffs. The lone dissenter, Judge Damon Keith, wrote: “By denying the most vulnerable the right to vote, the Majority shuts minorities out of our political process.”

In Ohio’s so-called “Supplemental Process,” county boards of elections identify voters who haven’t voted in two years and send them a notice to confirm they still live at the address on the rolls. If a voter doesn’t respond to the notice and doesn’t engage in voting activity (such as voting or filing a change of address with the local board of elections) for the next four years, they’re scrubbed from the rolls.

The court found fault with that process because it relies on people’s failure to vote as the primary “trigger” for purging them. The justices also found the confirmation forms sent to voters inadequate, writing, “Ohio has, for years, been removing voters from the rolls because they failed to respond to forms that are blatantly non-compliant with the NVRA.”

On Oct. 19, a judge ruled that 2016 ballots that would have been purged under Ohio’s process had to be counted, and instructed the state to put out guidance telling voters that their ballots would be counted if certain conditions were met.

The Ohio Democratic Party filed an emergency motion with the Supreme Court on Oct. 26, asking the Court to stop a law that requires election officials to throw out absentee or provisional ballot requests with any mistakes. The Supreme Court denied relief on Oct. 31.

The Ohio Democratic Party sued the Ohio Republican Party, Donald Trump, Roger Stone and Stone’s organization “Stop the Steal” for voter intimidation on Oct. 31. The Ohio Democratic Party is asking the court to enforce current law and bar anyone who is not an official party or candidate representative from poll watching, going within 75 feet of a polling place, or questioning voters (the suit specifically asks the court to forbid Stone’s “exit polling”). The complaint claims that the state GOP, Trump and Stone are intimidating voters, specifically minority voters, and is in violation of both the Ku Klux Klan Act and the Voting Rights Act.

This suit accompanies similar ones in Arizona, Nevada and Pennsylvania.

On Nov. 4, a federal court ordered Roger Stone, Stop the Steal, the Trump campaign and groups associated with the Clinton campaign to refrain from voter intimidation. The order specifically prohibited Stone’s “exit polling.” Just two days later, a 6th Circuit Appeals Court panel, responding to a request by the Trump campaign, ended the temporary restraining order. Democrats filed an appeal to the Supreme Court.

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Pennsylvania

Updated Nov. 7.

Status: Litigation pending.

The Pennsylvania Republican Party sued on Oct. 26 to change a state rule that prohibits poll watchers from crossing county lines. A federal court denied the motion on Nov. 3.

The Pennsylvania Democratic Party sued the Pennsylvania Republican Party, Donald Trump, Roger Stone and Stone’s organization “Stop the Steal” for voter intimidation on Oct. 31. The Pennsylvania Democratic Party is asking the court to enforce current law and bar anyone who is not an official party or candidate representative from poll watching, going within 75 feet of a polling place, or questioning voters (the suit specifically asks the court to forbid Stone’s “exit polling”). The complaint claims that the state GOP, Trump and Stone are intimidating voters, specifically minority voters, and is in violation of both the Ku Klux Klan Act and the Voting Rights Act.

This suit accompanies similar ones in Arizona, Nevada and Ohio.

A judge in Montgomery County, Pa. ordered an extension on absentee ballot deadlines until 8 p.m. on Tuesday after over 1,000 complaints about delays.

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Rhode Island

Status: A voting law passed in 2011 will be in place on Election Day

Rhode Island’s 2011 photo ID law was passed by a Democratic Legislature and signed by an independent governor. The law, which was first in effect for the 2014 midterm elections and will be in place in 2016, allows voters without ID to vote by provisional ballot. It’s highly unusual for a Democrat-held Legislature to pass a voter-ID law, but, as a New Republic piece details, all politics is local.

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South Carolina

Status: A voting law passed in 2011 will be in place on Election Day

Although South Carolina’s voter ID law was passed first in 2011, it was on hold thanks to a court order for the 2012 presidential election. Its first test at the polls was in the 2014 midterms.

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Tennessee

Status: Newly amended voting law will be in place on Election Day

While Tennessee has had a photo ID law in place since 2011, a 2014 update limited acceptable IDs to federal or Tennessee-issued IDs only. A group of students sued in 2015 because the law didn’t allow for student or out-of-state IDs and lost that case in December.

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Texas

Updated Nov. 1.

Status: Litigation pending. A new voting law will be in place on Election Day, with a fail-safe required by the courts.

Texas’s most recent bout with the judicial system over election law started on Aug. 4, when the U.S. Department of Justice sued Harris County, alleging that many of its polling places are inaccessible to voters with disabilities. The DOJ wants the county to reevaluate how it picks its polling places and to train poll workers about accessibility.

Ever since Texas enacted a photo-ID law in 2011, it’s been back-and-forth in the courts. A federal appeals court ordered a lower court to fix Texas’s strict photo-ID law, ruling that it violated the Voting Rights Act by disproportionately affecting African American and Hispanic voters. The state came back with a solution, officially providing a safety net: Anyone without an ID will be able to vote providing they sign an affidavit and show a voter registration certificate, a utility bill, bank statement, birth certificate, or other government document with their name and address. A district judge gave her final stamp of approval on the plan on Aug. 10.

However, the case may not be quite over. A spokesman for Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton said after the district court ruling that his office will “continue evaluating all options moving forward, including an appeal of the Fifth Circuit’s decision to the U.S. Supreme Court.” Paxton made good on his promise, petitioning the Supreme Court on Sept. 23 to hear Texas’ voter ID case. If the court takes the case, the decision wouldn’t come in time to have an impact on this November’s elections.

In the meantime, Texas election officials were found still to be sending out mailers telling voters that ID was required (it isn’t - voters can sign an affidavit). A federal judge issued an order on Sept. 20 that the state fix its ads and run any new ones by the plaintiffs to give them the opportunity to object.

Even after the court order, some Texas election officials continued to give out incorrect information about IDs. A voting-rights group, Southwest Voter Registration Education Project, sued Bexar County, and a judge granted a temporary restraining order on Oct. 28 that required the county election administrator to correct the election materials.

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Virginia

Updated Oct. 20.

Status: Litigation pending.

While a federal judge upheld Virginia’s photo ID law in May, the 4th Circuit Court of Appeals is scheduled to hear oral arguments in an appeal on Sept. 22. This is the same court that overturned North Carolina’s ID law.

In a separate case, the commonwealth’s Supreme Court struck down Democratic Gov. Terry McAuliffe’s blanket executive order, signed in April, which restored voting rights to about 206,000 felons who had completed their sentences. After the ruling, McAuliffe said he will “continue to sign [individual] orders until I have completed restoration for all 200,000 Virginians.”

A federal judge ordered on Oct. 20 that voter registration reopen for two days after the online voter registration website crashed on the last day of registration.

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West Virginia

Updated Oct. 20.

Status: Litigation pending.

The ACLU sued the Cabell County, West Virginia on Oct. 20 for not processing online voter registrations. The suit asks the court to require the clerk to process online registrations. According to the suit, the clerk sent letters to voters who tried to register online telling them they had to re-register on paper.

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Wisconsin

Updated Oct. 13.

Status: New law in place on Election Day with modifications.

In May 2011, Wisconsin passed a strict photo-ID law. In late July, federal District Court Judge James Peterson struck down parts of that law, writing in his decision that “Wisconsin’s strict version of voter ID is a cure worse than the disease.” The decision would loosen some the law’s restrictions, including allowing students to use expired student IDs at the polls and reducing barriers to in-person absentee voting. He also ordered that the state find a better safety net for people have trouble getting IDs.

While Peterson did not find an intentionally racial element to the 2011 law, he wrote that the way the legislature enacted limits on in-person absentee voting “was to suppress the reliably Democratic vote of Milwaukee’s African Americans.”

Wisconsin’s attorney general is appealing Peterson’s ruling to the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals. On Aug. 11., Judge Peterson issued a stay on part of his own ruling, halting the requirement for the state to fix how it handles voters who struggle to get IDs.

On Aug. 10, in a different case, a Seventh Circuit panel blocked an earlier decision by a different trial court that instructed election officials to allow voters without ID sign an affidavit to vote. A lawyer with the American Civil Liberties Union, one of the plaintiffs in that case, told The New York Times that there’s still time to overturn that injunction before Election Day.

On Aug. 26, the full Seventh Circuit declined to restore the affidavit voting option. Dale Ho, an ACLU lawyer, tweeted that the ACLU would appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court.

In October, reports surfaced that DMV workers gave inaccurate information to voters looking for ID. One report included an audio recording of a clerk telling a voter she “wasn’t guaranteed” to get an ID by Election Day, although clerks have to mail receipts (that are valid at the polls) within six days of a voter’s application.

On Oct. 4, one of the plaintiffs from earlier voter-ID litigation filed for a suspension of Wisconsin’s law.

“This evidence makes clear that the State does not have—and is incapable of implementing—a functioning safety net for its strict voter ID law,” the plaintiff, One Wisconsin Institute wrote.

On Oct. 13, District Judge James Peterson said he would order the state to conduct a better public information campaign emphasizing how voters without birth certificates can still get ID, but stopped short of suspending the law.

“I think the training that was provided to the DMV counter service was manifestly inadequate,” Peterson said during an Oct. 12 hearing. “don’t know why we’re here a month before the election.”

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