SYDNEY, Australia — A Chinese billionaire who had tried to distance himself from a sexual assault case that has gripped Australia for the past month was identified this week as Richard Liu, chairman and chief executive of the e-commerce giant JD.com.

Mr. Liu isn’t accused of any wrongdoing, but the assault was alleged to have taken place after a party that he had hosted here in 2015. He had tried to get a court in the Australian city to prevent the release of his name by citing potential damage to his marriage and business, court documents show.

That effort failed on Friday when a judge refused his request for a suppression order, with Australian media naming him on Monday.

For Mr. Liu, the founder of one of China’s largest internet companies, the details of the case are fraught with potential peril, both for himself and, by extension, the company with which he is synonymous in China. It offers a rare glimpse of the high-flying lifestyle Chinese business leaders have sought to keep private.