Experiment on the (Inverted) Fractal Demonstrating Micro Quantum and Macro Astronomical Observations and Conjectures

Authors: Blair D. Macdonald

Continuing the debate on whether the universe is fractal by nature: an experiment was undertaken on the ‘simple’ Koch Snowflake fractal to test whether fractal geometry matches observations and conjectures. The Koch Snowflake was inverted to model observations from within an iterating fractal set it: simulating a static or ‘measured’ position. Converse to the fractal snowflake emergence – where triangle sizes diminish; the sizes of new triangles were held constant, and earlier triangles in the set expanded as the set iterated. Kinematic velocities and accelerations were calculated for both the area expansion of the total fractal, and the distance between points and the ‘observer’ within the fractal set. The inverted fractal was tested for the Hubble's Law. It was found area(s) expanded exponentially; and as a consequence, the distances between points – from arbitrary locations within the set – receded away from the ‘observer’ at increasing velocities and accelerations. The model was consistent with the standard ΛCDM model of cosmology and demonstrated: a singularity ‘Big Bang’ beginning; homogeneous isotropic expansion consistent with the observed CMB; Hubble's Law expansion – with a Hubble diagram and Hubble's constant; and accelerating expansion with a ‘cosmological’ constant an expansion rate consistent with, and capable of explaining the conjecture of early inflation epoch of the universe. The model predicts and matches current galaxy distribution observations – clustered nearby and smooth on large scales – and thus is inconsistence with the cosmological principle. The mechanism of expansion is consistent with quantum mechanical descriptions: the vacuum catastrophe is addressed and concluded to be as a consequence of fractal behaviour. It was concluded that the universe behaves as a general as a fractal object, where we are observing inside it.

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Submission history

[v1] 2016-12-08 06:41:02

[v2] 2016-12-10 09:12:33

[v3] 2017-03-05 13:26:24



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