Progress 09/01/14 to 08/31/19



Outputs

Target Audience:Raising awareness and implementation of improved best management practices is essential in solving the RRD problem. We have actively spread the information via local, national, and international talks and articles in industry and gardening publications as well as via social media. Although it is important to document our findings in the scientific literature, the success of our project lies on our ability to communicate our results to the green industry including producers, landscapers, garden centers, marketers, horticulturists, plant breeders/evaluators, plant protection specialists among others. Unlike many other specialty crop projects, an important target audience is the consumer of landscape rose plants as their efforts to control the disease is critical to our success. Thus we have made an effort to talk to rose/garden groups as well as the traditional professional and scientific groups. Currently we are recruiting rosarians, master gardeners, and other interested individuals to work with us as citizen scientists in the RRD Monitoring program to establish where RRD is found. This citizen scientist approach will serve to as a training platform as well as to gather more information on the distribution of RRD than has been previously possible. Changes/Problems:In the last year of the project we began work to explore the usefulness of Raman spectroscopy in detecting RRV and of infectious clone technology in the evaluation of a rose plant's resistance to RRV. This exploratory research has revealed the potential usefulness of both of these technologies in the development of sustainable management approaches to control RRD. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?During the fifth year of the project we have communicated progress to our scientific colleagues (10 journal articles, 13 non referred articles, 22 presentations at professional meetings), to extension professionals, green industry professionals and Master Gardeners through training workshops, to a wide audience in the green industry including producers, landscapers, garden centers, marketers, horticulturists, plant breeders/evaluators, plant protection specialists, and consumers via extension/public presentations including online presentations, and radio interviews, updated/new extension publications, the Combating Rose Rosette web page (30,000 visits), social media {Combating RRD Facebook page with 1,145 followers, 22,386 engaged users, reach of 272,694,Twitter; Rose Breeding and Genetics Facebook page (1,214 followers)}, by demonstration gardens (TX, OK, TN, FL), teaching classes at the Universities, hiring students as summer interns and diagnostic work (OSU/TAMU); periodic Rose Updates sent out to ~900 people and to rose breeders directly through their involvement in the creation of the hybrid rose populations for the project. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported



Impacts

What was accomplished under these goals? Obj. 1a. Develop rapid/robust diagnostic test for RRV. Improved diagnostics in both sensitivity, time required and ease-of-use is facilitating the management of RRD. This project has developed multiple primer sets for RRV and the vector Phyllocoptes mite for the sensitive, reliable and highly specific detection of RRV/mite using a range of assays (endpoint RT-PCR, TaqMan RT-qPCR, and SYBR-Green RT-qPCR, recombinase polymerase amplification, isothermal RRV-LAMP assay, self-quenched primers (HAD-SqP)) in both symptomatic and asymptomatic plants. The RT-exoRPA (isothermal reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification) assay for the rapid and sensitive (1 fg virus) detection of RRV and a rapid technique viral RNA extraction procedure (< 5 min) were developed. Working with Agdia, this two-step, easy-to-use isothermal RPA detection alternative using PCRD-2 lateral flow strips suitable for field use is almost ready to commercialize. Additional work has developed an artificial positive control and a primer set for the detection of Emaraviruses. Two key antibody-binding sites were identified on the RRV NP. In the DAS-ELISA system, with alkaline phosphatase (AP) to conjugate the antibodies,McAb 8D2 (with PcAb as trapping antibody) reacted better than PcAb (with McAb as trapping antibody). For a TAS-ELISA, a mixture of McAb 8D2 and 8E9 as detecting antibodies with a goat anti-mouse AP-conjugate and PcAb as the trapping antibody is optimal. Preparing protoypte for the LFA tests and validation of the TAS-ELISA has been initiated. An EDNA (Electronic probe Diagnostic Nucleic acid Analysis) system which uses next-generation sequencing technology to detect multiple viruses in the plant simultaneously was developed and tested. Raman spectroscopy has been shown to be able to differentiate between plants with and without RRV infection even before the symptoms are visible. Obj. 1b. Epidemiology. In the southeastern USA, the vector mite and RRV have a southern limit to their distribution in the states of Alabama, Mississippi, and Georgia. P. fructiphilus lives in protected niches on the plant, increases by 40 fold in density on virus infected tissue, overwinters within spent flower buds and delays 48 hours before moving off a pruned shoot. Mite monitoring protocols by tissue or air sampling were optimized but are limited by the high technical skills needed and difficulty in species differentiation. Obj. 1c. Chemical/biological field control options. The miticides bifenthrin, fenpyroximate, spiromesifen and spirotetramat were effective when applied at 4-week intervals and abamectin and bifenazate were effective at a 2-week interval. Rapid rogueing of infected rose bushes was effective and the use of non host plants such as Miscanthus sinensis planted among roses can reduce the spread of RRD significantly. Four eriophyid mites were identified on roses. Two (Phyllocoptes fructiphilus, Eriophyes eremus) were found under stipules and flower sepals whereas Callyntrotus schlechtendali and Diptacus spp. were found on open leaf surface. The first three overwinter in the same niches and thus. Eriophyes and Callyntrotus may be useful as a biological competitor to Phyllocoptes. Several predator mites (Neoseiulus spp., Amblyseius andersoni and Tydeus spp.) may be useful as biological control agents. Initial work to characterize the mite/virus genetically, to assess the presence of endosymbionts and fugal pathogens in the mites, and the effects of mixed virus infections has begun. Obj. 2a. Identify additional sources of host plant resistance to RRD. 1,253 roses were evaluated for RRD resistance. This includes 683 in replicated trials in OK, TN, TX and DE and an additional 570 from unreplicated observational trials. Of these, 16 cultivars, 8 breeding lines, and 11 species accessions appear resistant to RRD. Another 12 cultivars, 6 breeding lines, and 2 species accessions show no symptoms but harbor the virus. A rapid greenhouse virus inoculation protocol using either a direct extract or an infectious clone of RRV has been developed and is being validated. Obj. 2b. Optimize Digital Genotyping. Digital genotyping protocol has been optimized and used to sequence/identify SNPs on ~ 1257 rose genotypes. Obj. 2c. Create diploid and tetraploid consensus maps. Integrated consensus diploid and tetraploid rose genetic maps were developed using GBS and the rose 68K SNP Chip respectively. Obj. 2d. Discover markers associated with RRD resistance. TAMU along with commercial partners produced 65,000 seed for this research. Sets of diploid and tetraploid families and cultivars have been genotyped and evaluated (RRD, blackspot, cercospora, heat resistance, plant architecture, flower traits) in the field in TX, OK, TN, and DE. One QTL for partial black spot and 2 QTLs for cercospora resistance have been identified. Further QTL analysis on populations and diversity panels is ongoing. Create an information and demonstration pipeline. Obj. 3a. Develop a RRD Monitoring Network. With the UGA Center for Invasive Pests, Ong has developed a reporting system for RRD using EDDSMAPS (see RoseRosette.com). Beyond the historical information, 830 reporters have made 1,398 verified reports of RRD on 138 rose cultivars from 43 states and 739 counties. Obj. 3b. Develop national RRD BMP training materials. Olson developed a series of scripted powerpoint slide shows, 8 videos on RRD and has continued adding pictures of RRD symptoms onto bugwood.org. The videos include titles such as An Introduction to RRD, Healthy Roses, RRD Management, Reporting RRD, RRD Research, .Sampling RRD, RRD symptomology and the Mighty Mite. After the final editing they will be released. Obj. 3c. Develop an information pipeline. The Combating Rose Rosette website (RoseRosette.org) serves as the central location for accurate information on RRD management and training materials and has received over 30,000 visits since it was created 2 years ago. The group has communicated activities to our clientele via webinars, presentations, field days, workshops, extension publications and Facebook and to scientific community via presentations at scientific meetings (ASHS, APS). The Combating Rose Rosette Disease Facebook page has become popular. It currently has 1,145 followers, has reached 22,386 engaged users and 272,694 page views. Improve our understanding of consumer and industry preferences and barriers to rose sales. Obj. 4a. Assess U.S. consumer preferences. Consumer willingness-to-pay experiments using eye tracking revealed that adaptation (heat, drought, disease tolerance) traits were more valued (WTP $8.46 - $13.21) as compared to flower size and foliage cover (WTP $4.38 - $5.03). Obj. 4b Identify market barriers inhibiting sales of new roses. Economic Impact estimates indicate that total business activity nationwide required to support the U.S. rose industry was $534 million annually. This includes rose sales of $203.5 million, and supporting business activity of $330.5 million. A major barrier to success of a new rose cultivar is its level of environmental adaptation. Obj. 4c. Socioeconomic impacts of RRD research. See Obj. 4b. Using the willingness-to-pay experiment, it is estimated that the price premium for a RRD resistant cultivars would be 26.85%. and thus an estimated price premium of $1.49 per bush at the grower level. With a 25% adoption rate the total estimated economic impacts of RRD resistant roses are $35.7 million to the rose industry. Future work will estimate and measure the adoption rates in order to obtain more accurate estimates.



Publications

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Yan, M., D.H. Byrne, P.E. Klein, J. Yang, Q. Dong, and N. Anderson. 2018. Genotyping-by-sequencing application on diploid rose and a resulting high-density SNP-based consensus map. Horticulture Research 5:17. DOI 10.1038/s41438-018-0021-6.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Walizcek, T., D. Holeman, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Opinions of roses available for purchase and preferences for the future market. HortTechnology 28(6):1-8.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Wu, X., S. Liang, and David H. Byrne. 2019. Heritability of plant architecture in diploid roses (Rosa spp.) HortScience 54(2):1-4. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI13511-18.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: Pang, M., M. Gayral, K. Lyle, K. Ong, M. K. Shires, D. H. Byrne, J; Verchot. 2019. Infectious DNA clone technology and inoculation strategy for Rose Rosette Virus that includes all sevem segments of the negative-strand RNA genome. preprint in perpetuity. bioRxiv preprint first posted online Jul. 23, 2019; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/712000. The copyright holder for this preprint (which It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: Chavez et al., Willingness-to-pay for Rose attributes: developing a consumer-oriented breeding program. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics

Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: Wu, X. S. Liang, and D.H. Byrne. 2019. Architectural components of compact growth habits in diploid rose. HortTechnology, in press.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Solo, K., S. B. Collins, L. Schneider, M. R. Hajimorad, F. A. Hale, J. B. Wilkerson, A. S. Windham, and M. T. Windham. 2019. Evaluation of Floral Cuts on Eriophyid Mite Retention on Knock Out and Multiflora Rose Cuttings. Plant Health Progress, 20:83-87.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Farber, C., Shires, M., Ong, K., Byrne, D., Kurouski, D. 2019 Raman spectroscopy as an early detection tool for rose rosette infection. Plantae June 2019, pp 1-8.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Al Rwahnih, M., Karlik, J., Diaz-Lara, A., Ong, K., Mollov, D., Haviland, D., & Golino, D. A. (2018). First Report of Rose rosette virus Associated with Rose Rosette Disease Affecting Roses in California. Plant Disease, (ja). https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-18-1203-PDN

Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Solo. K. 2018. Rose Eriophyid Mites: an ecological study of Phyllocoptes fructiphilus Keifer (Acari: Eriophyidea), vector of rose rosette virus, and its relationship with Rosa species. M.S. Thesis, University of Tennessee M.S. Thesis. 78 pp.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Lau, J. E. Roundey, N. Anderson, and D. H. Byrne. 2019. Fieldbook app: Use in data collection in rose breeding. Acta Hort, 1232: 47-50.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Byrne, D. H. and N. Anderson. 2019. Legacies of Robert Basye and Ralph Moore: Historical perspective. Acta Hort. 1232:171-176.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Byrne, D. H., M. Windham, F. Ochoa Corona, J. Olson, M. Parets, B. Babu, G. Knox, R. Jordan, J. Hammond, K. Ong, R. Ochoa, G. Bauchan, T. Evans, P. Klein, A. Windham, F. Hale, C. Hall, L. Ribera, M. Palma, and H. B. Pemberton. 2019. Combating rose rosette disease US National project. Acta Hort. 1232: 203-212.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Xu, W., Y. Shi, and D. H. Byrne. 2019. Digital image analysis to assess flower productivity and foliage retention in garden roses throughout the season. Acta Hort. 1232: 89-92.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Greyvenstein, O., T. Starman, H. B. Pemberton, G. Niu, and D. H. Byrne. 2019. Heat tolerance in garden roses. International Rose Symposium., 2017. Acta Hort. 1232:165-170.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Kang, S., M. Yan, P. Klein, E. Roundey, J. Lau, H.B. Pemberton, C. Bishop, K. Ong, and D.H. Byrne. 2019. Resistance to garden roses to cercospora leaf spot. Acta Hort. 1232:221-226.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Lau, J., S. Liang, X. Wu, M. Yan, P. Klein, E. Roundey, and D.H. Byrne. 2019. Heritability of flower size and heat stress in diploid roses. Acta Hort. 1232:51-55.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Pemberton, H. B., D.H. Byrne, W.R. Roberson and A. Black. 2019. Categorization of garden roses for field growth response to black spot disease. Acta Hort. 1232: 233-239.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Young, E., X. Wu, S. Liang, M. Yan, P. Klein, and D.H. Byrne. 2019. Heritability of and markers for plant architecture in diploid roses. Acta Hort. 1232:15-18.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Young, E., N. Anderson, C. Bedard, M. Scheiber, and D.H. Byrne. 2019. Rosa palustris and Rosa setigera: Breeding challenges. Acta Hort. 1232:41-45.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Byrne, D.H., H.B. Pemberton, D.J. Holeman, T. Debener, T.M.Waliczek, and M. Palma. 2017. Survey of the rose community: desired rose traits and research issues. Acta Hort. 1232:189-192.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Yan, M., Q. Dong, D.H. Byrne, and P. Klein. 2019. The development of a dense SNP-based consensus map and QTL detection for black spot resistance in three diploid rose populations. Acta Hort. 1232:135-141.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: Jordan, R., J. Hammond, F. Ochoa-Corona, J. Olson, M. Paret, B. Babu, K. Ong and D. Byrne. 2018. Combating rose rosette disease: The disease, the virus and the development of new virus detection technologies. January, 2018. Proceedings of the Southern Nurseryman Association Research Conference. Baltimore, MD, in press.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Young, E.L., J. Lau, P. Klein, and D.H. Byrne. 2019. A Genome-Wide Association Study for Plant Architecture in a Diploid Rose Collection. Presentation at the American Society of Horticultural Sciences national meeting, Las Vegas, NV July 2019

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Shires, M., J. Ueckert, K. Ong, and D.H. Byrne. 2019. Rose rosette virus: Exploration of Potential Root Transmission. Presentation at the American Society of Horticultural Sciences national meeting, Las Vegas, NV July 2019

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Byrne, D.H. 2018. Is resistance the answer? Where we are and the way forward. Presentation at the NCPN Roses meeting held at the Los Angeles Arboretum. June 26-27, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Byrne, D. H. 2018. Sources of resistance and breeding strategy: RRD resistant roses. Presentation at the RRD review. Held in Crossville, TN in collaboration with the University of TN. Oct. 22-24, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Pemberton, B., S. Kang, E. Young, J. Lau, S. Noyan, N. Anderson, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Foliage disease resistance In Texas: Trials in College Station and Overton. Presentation at the RRD review. Held in Crossville, TN in collaboration with the University of TN. Oct. 22-24, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Klein, P., J. Lau, E. Young, S. Kang, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Molecular maps and markers for roses. Presentation at the RRD review. Held in Crossville, TN in collaboration with the University of TN. Oct. 22-24, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Young, E., J. Lau, S. Kang, N. Anderson, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Population development and genetic analysis. Presentation at the RRD review. Held in Crossville, TN in collaboration with the University of TN. Oct. 22-24, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Shires, M., Ueckert, J., Ong, K. 2018 Rose Rosette Disease Diagnostics: Rose rosette virus Primer Evaluations. 21st Ornamental Workshop on Diseases and Insects, Kanuga Conference Center, Hendersonville, NC. Oct. 8-12.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Shires, M., Ueckert, J., Ong, K. 2018 A Cost-Effective Method for Rose rosette virus Extraction. 21st Ornamental Workshop on Diseases and Insects, Kanuga Conference Center, Hendersonville, NC. Oct. 8-12.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: LaForest, J., Shires, M. 2018 Using the RRD monitoring web app. 21st Ornamental Workshop on Diseases and Insects, Kanuga Conference Center, Hendersonville, NC. Oct. 8-12.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: LaForest, J., Ong, K., Shires, M. 2018 Showing impact and giving perspective with Rose Rosette reporting data. 21st Ornamental Workshop on Diseases and Insects, Kanuga Conference Center, Hendersonville, NC. Oct. 8-12.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Meyer, B., Olive, K., Potter, R., Shires, M., Ong, K. 2018 Evaluation of Rose Rosette Disease Incidence on Texas A&M University Campus. 30th Annual Texas Plant Protection Conference, College Station, TX. Dec. 4-5.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Olive, K., Shires, M., Ong, K. 2019 Comparison of RNA Extracts from two extraction methods for Rose rosette virus detection. 2019 American Phytopathological Society- Southern Division Meeting, Gainesville, FL. Feb. 7-10.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Shires, M., Ueckert, J., Byrne, D., Ong, K. 2019 Rose rosette virus Methodology: Is asymptomatic detection possible? 2019 American Phytopathological Society- Southern Division Meeting, Gainesville, FL. Feb. 7-10.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Shires, M., Ueckert, J., Ong, K., Byrne, D. 2019 Rose rosette virus: Exploration of Potential Root Transmission. 2019 . Presentation at the American Society of Horticultural Sciences national meeting, Las Vegas, NV July 2019.



Progress 09/01/17 to 08/31/18



Outputs

Target Audience:Raising awareness and implementation of improved best management practices is essential in solving the RRD problem. We have actively spread the information via local, national, and international talks and articles in industry and gardening publications as well as via social media. Although it is important to document our findings in the scientific literature, the success of our project lies on our ability to communicate our results to the green industry including producers, landscapers, garden centers, marketers, horticulturists, plant breeders/evaluators, plant protection specialists among others. Unlike many other specialty crop projects, an important target audience is the consumer of landscape rose plants as their efforts to control the disease is critical to our success. Thus we have made an effort to talk to rose/garden groups as well as the traditional professional and scientific groups. Currently we are recruiting rosarians, master gardeners, and other interested individuals to work with us as citizen scientists in the RRD Monitoring program to establish where RRD is found. This citizen scientist approach will serve to as a training platform as well as to gather more information on the distribution of RRD than has been previously possible. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Training was provided to 2 undergraduate students in various aspects of the research (cytogenetics, horticultural evaluation, virus diagnostics). Project participants and graduate students participated in the annual meetings of the American Phytopathological Society, the American Society of Horticultural Sciences among other meetings. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?During the fourth year of the project we have communicated progress to our scientific colleagues (8 journal articles, 19 non referred articles, 28 presentations at professional meetings), to extension professionals, green industry professionals and Master Gardeners through training workshops, to a wide audience in the green industry including producers, landscapers, garden centers, marketers, horticulturists, plant breeders/evaluators, plant protection specialists, and consumers via 68 extension/public presentations including online presentations, and radio interviews, updated/new extension publications, social media (Combating RRD Facebook page with 864 followers, 4,533 engaged users, reach of ~77,000 (3 times that of last year),Twitter; Rose Breeding and Genetics Facebook page (982 followers), by demonstration gardens (TX, OK, TN, FL), teaching classes at the Universities, hiring students as summer interns and diagnostic work (OSU/TAMU); periodic Rose Updates sent out to ~900 people and to rose breeders directly through their involvement in the creation of the hybrid rose populations for the project. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continue with the items detailed in the proposal.



Impacts

What was accomplished under these goals? Accomplishments 2017-2018 RRD SCRI Impacts: Improved rapid RRV diagnostics, mite monitoring protocols, and mite control tools has led to more efficient management of RRD and the early detection and elimination of RRD when introduced to several RRD-free production regions saving the viability of this multimillion dollar rose industry. The marker technology developed can reduce the rose breeding cycle in half and increase selection efficiency manifold. This, along with the identification of resistance within the cultivated germplasm, will lead to the rapid development of RRD resistant rose cultivars that are essential for low cost management of the disease. Obj. 1a. Develop rapid/robust diagnostic test for RRV. Florida group is working with Agdia to develop RPA (recombinase polymerase amplication) reagent pellets for commercial use. Using alkaline phosphatase (AP) to conjugate the antibodies, McAb 8D2 (with PcAb as trapping antibody) reacted better than PcAb (with McAb as trapping antibody) with expressed RRV-NP in the DAS-ELISA system. Two key antibody-binding sites were identified on the RRV NP. The epitome specificity study indicated that the optimal combination for a TAS-ELISA would be the following: PcAb as the trapping antibody, a mixture of McAb 8D2 and 8E9 as detecting antibodies with a goat anti-mouse AP-conjugate. Ongoing work includes the development of EDNA, further sequencing of the viral genome, the development of an immune-electron microscopic analysis of RRV-infected tissue, a diagnostic approach combining immune-capture with RT-PCR, the development of an antibody-based lateral flow assay, and the development of a micrografting approach for rapid screening for RRV resistance. The diagnostic kit from the Ochoa lab (PCR and isothermal diagnostic protocols) is being lab tested by the plant diagnostic labs and the diagnostic kits from Paret (RPA) and Jordan/Hammond (immunology) should be available for testing in the Fall of 2018. Obj. 1b. Epidemiology. A survey of Alabama, Mississippi, and Georgia defined the southern limit of RRV. The mite vector Phyllocoptes fructiphilus was found further south of this line although in small numbers. Work continues to determine the factors that limit the southern expansion of this virus and its vector. Obj. 1c. Chemical/biological field control options. The miticides bifenthrin, fenpyroximate, spiromesifen and spirotetramat were effective when applied at 4 week intervals whereas abamectin and bifenazate required 2 week intervals to be effective in preventing RRV infection. Three eriophyid mites were identified on roses. Two (Phyllocoptes fructiphilus, Eriophyes eremus) were found under stipules and flower sepals whereas Callyntrotus schlechtendali was found on open leaf surface. Eriophyes (1st report for USA) and Callyntrotus were not associated with plant damage. Phyllocoptes was collected from plants symptomatic and asymptomatic for RRD. Several predator mites were observed associated with the mites and may be useful as biological control agents. Obj. 2a. Identify additional sources of host plant resistance to RRD. According to trials/observations in Texas, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Delaware, 285 roses were added to the susceptible list bringing the total of roses susceptible to RRD to 835. Of the 298 roses (272 cultivars, 26 rose species accessions) planted in replicated trials in Tennessee and/or Delaware in 2015, 16 rose cultivars and 8 rose species are still asymptomatic and free of RRV at both locations. A few roses were asymptomatic but positive for RRV. These roses are also being evaluated for resistance to black spot and cercospora, heat tolerance, and landscape suitability in in Texas. Mite populations in the field differed among the 24 rose species accessions compared indicating potential differences in resistance to the mite vector in Rosa. Five accessions (R. arkansana, R. palustris EB, R. clinophylla, R. nitida and R. wichuriana Basye ARE) maintained low mite populations. Obj. 2b. Optimize Digital Genotyping. The genotyping-by-sequencing protocol was optimized for diploid rose. The next step is to validate the approach with additional diploid germplasm and then assess its usefulness for tetraploid germplasm. Obj. 2c. Create diploid and tetraploid consensus maps. As we now have a rose sequence, the GBS data is being reanalyzed using the rose rather than the Fragaria sequence. A new consensus diploid map will be constructed and compared to assess the changes resulting from using the rose sequence for SNP discovery. Additional diploid and tetraploid families (800 seedlings) that will be used to construct maps have been field planted for evaluation in two sites in Texas and in Tennessee. Obj. 2d. Discover markers associated with RRD resistance. A strong QTL for black spot resistance was identified on linkage group 3. This analysis will be redone once a new consensus map based on SNP discovery using the rose sequence is constructed. Observations on diploid and tetraploid populations segregating for RRD resistance have begun. Diversity panels consisting of about 400 roses that have been evaluated for RRD, black spot and cercospora resistance at multiple sites are being genotyped with the Axiom Rose SNP array. In 2018, TAMU with partners made ~8,300 hand pollinations which resulted in ~13,500 hybrid seed, and ~1,850 rose hybrids. Selected families will be propagated and planted in Tennessee for RRD phenotyping. Create an information and demonstration pipeline. Obj. 3a. Develop a RRD Monitoring Network. With the UGA Center for Invasive Pests, Ong has developed a reporting system for RRD using EDDSMAPS (see RoseRosette.com). Beyond the historical information, 269 reports of RRD were registered on 96 rose cultivars from 25 states and 117 counties. Obj. 3b. Develop national RRD BMP training materials. Olson is developing a series of 5-6 videos on RRD and has continued adding pictures of RRD symptoms onto bugwood.org. Obj. 3c. Develop an information pipeline. The Combating Rose Rosette website (RoseRosette.org) was created to serve as the central location to find accurate information on RRD management and training materials. The group has given 28 presentations at scientific meetings (ASHS, APS) and published 8 refereed and 19 non refereed publications. The Combating Rose Rosette Disease Facebook page currently has ~824 followers, 4,533 engaged users and reached 76,691 Facebook users, about 3 times the reach from last year. The group has communicated activities to our clientele via a webinar, 65 presentations, field days, workshops and multiple extension publications. The Oklahoma Rose Rosette Disease bulletin was updated and has been downloaded over 12,000 times. Improve our understanding of consumer and industry preferences and barriers to rose sales. Obj. 4a. Assess U.S. consumer preferences. Consumer willingness-to-pay experiments using eye tracking revealed that adaptation (heat, drought, disease tolerance) traits were more valued (WTP $8.46 - $13.21) as compared to flower size and foliage cover (WTP $4.38 - $5.03). The results of eye tracking did not predict willing-to-pay. The rose surveys to other sectors, including growers and rose professionals are being finalized (Qualtrics platform). Several pilots were conducted to select the final questions on the survey and a small group of collaborators will receive the survey to provide feedback to us before sending the questionnaire to the recipients. Obj. 4b Identify market barriers inhibiting sales of new roses. The team has analyzed the chronological value chain for nursery growers who produce roses. An economic engineering approach is being used to estimate the initial capital investment, production costs, and product prices for the baseline and alternative nursery pest and RRD management models. Obj. 4c. Socioeconomic impacts of RRD research. See Obj. 4b.



Publications

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Solo, K. S. Collins, R. Ochoa, G. Bauchan, A. Henn, J. Jacobi, J. Williams-Woodward, R. Hajimorad, F. Hale, J. Wilkerson, A. Windham, D.H. Byrne, and M. Windham. 2018. A survey of the deep south for rose rosette virus and its eriophyid mite vector. Poster presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Bauchan, G., G. Otero-Colina, R. Ochoa, J. Amrine, J. Hammond, R. Jordan and D.H. Byrne. Microscopy studies of eriophyid mites on roses in the US. Poster presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Young, E., X. Wu, S. Liang, M. Yan, E. van de Weg, P. Klein and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Discovery of quantitative trait loci for plant architecture in diploid rose. Poster presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Solo, K., S. Collins, R. Hajimarad, F. Hale, J. Wilkerson, A. Windham, D.H. Byrne, and M. Windham. 2018. Effects of a floral cut on the rentention of eriophyid mites on rose cuttings. Poster presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Pemberton. B., E. Young, J. Lau, S. Kang, D. Zlesak, C. Bishop, N. Anderson, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Evaluation of garden rose species, cultivars, and breeding populations for disease resistance and landscape performance in Texas. Poster presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Lau, J., S. Liang, X. Wu, M. Yan, P. Klein, E. Young, E. van de Weg, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Heritability of flower size and heat stress in diploid roses. Poster presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Young, E., J. Lau, J. Bai, W. Xu, J. Corser, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Ploidy determination of rose cultivars and progeny of interploidy crosses. Poster presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Byrne, D.H. E. Young, J. Lau, T. Evans, D. Novick, K. Ong, M. Shires, J. Olson, and M. Windham. 2018. The search for resistance to rose rosette disease. Poster presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Kalischuk, M., D. Rajendranath, M. Paret, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. An automated unmanned aerial system equipped with a multispectral sensor reveals abiotic and biotic interactions in commercial roses. Poster presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Jordan, R., J. Hammond, F. Corona-Ochoa, J. Olson, M. Paret, B. Babu, K. Ong, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Combating rose rosette disease: Exploring development of accurate, rapid, efficient, easy-to-use, and affordable virus diagnostic tools. Poster presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Windham, M., A. Windham, F. Hale, D.H. Byrne, and Q. Cheng. 2018. Cultural and chemical methods for reducing the impact of rose rosette disease. Poster presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Lau, J., E. Young, S. Kang, S. Noyan, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Using interactive 3D models generated by R/Plotly to answer questions within a breeding program. Oral presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Young, E. J. Lau, S. Kang, M. Yan, P. Klein, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Comparison of linkage maps for diploid roses. Oral presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Schnelle, M.A., Olson, J.D., and Griffin, J.A. 2017. Battling rose rosette in the Great Plains. Waikoloa, HI. ASHS Annual Conference.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Schnelle, M.A., and Olson, J.D. 2017. Battling rose rosette in the state of Oklahoma. Mobile, AL. Southern Region ASHS.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Schnelle, M.A., Olson, J.D. and Griffin, J.J. Coping with rose rosette disease in the Great Plains. Presented at the 2018 ASHS Southern Division Meeting, Jacksonville, FL.

Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Novick, D. 2017. Evaluation of rose germplasm for resistance to rose rosette disease, and studies of disease transmission and vector management. MS Thesis. Plant and Soil Science. University of Delaware. December, 2017.

Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Knox, Gary and Charles B. Riddle. 2018. Low Maintenance Shrub Roses for North Florida and the Greater Gulf Coast: Spring 2018 Evaluations. 2018 UF/IFAS NFREC Research Report, 155 Research Rd., Quincy, FL 32351. 5 pp.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Knox, Gary, Mathews Paret, Binoy Babu, Laura Ritchie, Fanny Iriarte, Barron Riddle, Susannah Wright, Kamil Duman, Shomaila Iqbal, Nghi Nguyen, Xavier Martini, and Jean Williams-Woodward. 2018. Update on Rose Rosette Disease. Georgia-Florida Green Industry Update, Cairo, GA. June 26, 2018.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Chavez, D. Palma, M., and A. Collart. 2018. "Using Eye-tracking to Model Attribute Non-Attendance in Choice Experiments." Applied Economics Letters. (In Press).

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Palma, M. 2017. Neuromarketing green industry products. Presentation given at the Texas Nursery and Landscape Association Expo., Dallas, TX. Aug. 11, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Palma, M. 2017. Economic outlook and marketing trends for the Green Industry Presentation given at the Texas Nursery and Landscape Association Expo., Dallas, TX. Aug. 11, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Ong, K., M. Shires, and J. LaForest. 2018. Combating rose rosette disease (RRD) with the use of web-based outreach tools to engage volunteers for research. Poster presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: M. Shires, J. Ueckert and K. Ong 2018. Screening of rose rosette primers to identify the most sensitive primer. ASHS annual meeting, Washington DC. July 30 Aug.2.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: M. Shires, J. Ueckert and K. Ong 2018. Rose rosette virus: effective and low-cost extraction method. ASHS annual meeting, Washington DC. July 30 Aug.2.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: M. Shires, J. Ueckert and K. Ong 2018. Screening of rose rosette virus PCR primers to identify the most effective and sensitive detection method and primer. Southern Division American Phytopathological Society meeting, Fayetteville, AR. Feb 17-18.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Pemberton, H. B., D.H. Byrne, W.R. Roberson and A. Black. 2018. Categorization of garden roses for field growth response to black spot disease. International Rose Symposium, 2017., Acta Hort., in press.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Collins, S. B., K. Solo, A. S. Windham, F. A. Hale, Q. Cheng, and M. T. Windham. 2017. An Abridged Technique to Determine Phyllocoptes fructiphilus Populations on Roses endangered by Rose Rosette Disease. APS Annual Meeting, 458-P, San Antonio, TX, Aug 7.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Collins, S., K. Solo, J. B. Wilkerson, M. Dischner, F. A. Hale, A. S. Windham, and M. T. Windham. 2017. Finding the little guys: Eriophyid mite collection methods. The Firefly: Proceedings of Annual Meeting of the Tennessee Entomological Society in Nashville, TN.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Hale, F. A., M. T. Windham, A. S. Windham, Q. Cheng, K. Solo, J. W. Hitch, and B. England. 2017. Managing rose rosette disease that is vectored by the eriophyid mite, Phyllocoptes fructiphilus. Proceedings: Annual Meeting of the ESA, Denver, CO, November 5-8, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Solo, K., S. B. Collins, Q. Cheng, B. England, F. A. Hale, A. S. Windham, D. Byrne, N. Anderson, and M. T. Windham. 2017. Rosa species resistance to eriophyid mite populations. APS Annual Meeting, 627-P, San Antonio, TX, Aug 8.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Solo, K., S. Collins, J. Bauchan, R. Ochoa, F. A. Hale, A. S. Windham, J. Williams-Woodward, J. Jacobi, A. Henn, and M. T. Windham. 2017. Where might the mite be? A survey of the southeast region for rose rosette virus and its eriophyid vector. The Firefly: Proceedings of Annual Meeting of the Tennessee Entomological Society in Nashville, TN.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Jordan R, Guaragna, MA, Hammond J. (2018). Development of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to Rose rosette virus nucleoprotein. Acta Horticulturae 1193:77-82.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Liang, S., X. Wu, and D. H. Byrne. 2017. Genetic analysis of flower size and production in diploid rose. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 142(4):1-8.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Pemberton, H.B., K. Ong, M. Windham, J. Olsen, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. What is Rose Rosette Disease? HortScience 53(5):592-595. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI12550-17.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Ong, K., M. Shires, H.J. Whitaker, J. Olson, J. LaForest, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Combating Rose Rosette Disease with volunteer involvement in the monitoring effort. HortScience 53(5): 601-603.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Byrne, D.H., P. Klein, M. Yan, E. Young, J. Lau, K. Ong, M. Shires, J. Olson, M. Windham, T. Evans, and D. Novick. 2018. Challenges of breeding rose rosette resistant roses. HortScience 53(5):1-5. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI12553-17

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Yan, M., D.H. Byrne, P.E. Klein, J. Yang, Q. Dong, and N. Anderson. 2018. Genotyping-by-sequencing application on diploid rose and a resulting high-density SNP-based consensus map. Horticulture Research 5:17. DOI 10.1038/s41438-018-0021-6.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Babu, Washburn, Sarig�l, Miller, Riddle, Knox, Ochoa-Corona, Olson, Zekai, Paret. 2017. A field based detection method for Rose rosette virus using isothermal probe-based Reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification assay. Journal Virological Methods 247:8190.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Babu B, Ochoa-Corona F, Paret ML. 2018. Recombinase Polymerase Amplification applied to plant virus detection and potential implications. Analytical Biochemistry 546: 72-77

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Babu B, Knox GW, Ochoa-Corona F, Paret ML. 2018. Rose Rosette Disease: Recent Advances on Molecular Diagnostic Tools. HortScience 53(5): 596-600

Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Bauchan, G.R. Otero-Colina, G., Hammond, J., Jordan, R., and Ochoa, R. 2018. Rose Rosette Disease: It all started with a small mite. Acta Horticulturae, in press

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Byrne, D. H. 2017. Trends in Breeding Flowering Garden Plants with emphasis on Garden Rose Breeding. Conference Proceedings, International Symposium of Horticulture: Priorities and Emerging Trends. Bengaluru, India. Sept. 4-8, 2017.

Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Byrne, D.H., E. Roundey, P. Klein, and M. Yan. 2017. Combating Rose Rosette Disease: Are there resistant roses? TNLA Green Magazine 19(6): 14-18.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Lau, J. E. Roundey, N. Anderson, and D. H. Byrne. Fieldbook app: Use in data collection in rose breeding. International Rose Symposium, 2017. Acta Hort, in press.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Byrne, D. H., M. Windham, F. Ochoa Corona, J. Olson, M. Parets, B. Babu, G. Knox, R. Jordan, J. Hammond, K. Ong, R. Ochoa, G. Bauchan, T. Evans, P. Klein, A. Windham, F. Hale, C. Hall, L. Ribera, M. Palma, and H. B. Pemberton. 2017. Combating rose rosette disease US National project. International Rose Symposium, 2017. Acta Hort., in press.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Xu, W., Y. Shi, and D. H. Byrne. Digital image analysis to assess flower productivity and foliage retention in garden roses throughout the season. International Rose Symposium., 2017. Acta Hort., in press.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Greyvenstein, O., T. Starman, H. B. Pemberton, G. Niu, and D. H. Byrne. 2017. Heat tolerance in garden roses. International Rose Symposium., 2017. Acta Hort., in press.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Kang, S., M. Yan, P. Klein, E. Roundey, J. Lau, H.B. Pemberton, C. Bishop, K. Ong, and D.H. Byrne. 2017. Resistance to garden roses to cercospora leaf spot. International Rose Symposium, 2017. Acta Hort., in press.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Jordan, R., J. Hammond, F. Ochoa-Corona, J. Olson, M. Paret, B. Babu, K. Ong and D. Byrne. 2018. Combating rose rosette disease: The disease, the virus and the development of new virus detection technologies. January, 2018. Proceedings of the Southern Nurseryman Association Research Conference. Baltimore, MD, in press.

Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Yan, M. 2017. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of partial resistance to black spot disease of diploid Rosa spp. Ph.D dissertation, Texas A&M University, December, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Charles B. Riddle, Binoy Babu, Laura Ritchie, Nghi Nguyen, Xavier Martini, Mathews Paret and Gary W. Knox. 2018. Impact of Acibenzolar S-Methyl, a Systemic Acquired Resistance Inducer on Roses and Rose Rosette Disease Severity. Annual Meeting of the American Society for Horticultural Science, Washington, D.C., July 31 Aug. 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Lau, J., S. Liang, X. Wu, M. Yan, P. Klein, E. Roundey, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Heritability of flower size and heat stress in diploid roses. International Rose Symposium, 2017. Acta Hort., in press

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Young, E., X. Wu, S. Liang, M. Yan, P. Klein, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Heritability of and markers for plant architecture in diploid roses. International Rose Symposium, 2017. Acta Hort., in press.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Young, E., N. Anderson, C. Bedard, M. Scheiber, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Rosa palustris and Rosa setigera: Breeding challenges. International Rose Symposium., 2017. Acta Hort., in press.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Byrne, D.H., H.B. Pemberton, D.J. Holeman, T. Debener, T.M.Waliczek, and M. Palma. 2018. Survey of the rose community: desired rose traits and research issues. International Rose Symposium, 2017. Acta Hort., in press.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Yan, M., Q. Dong, D.H. Byrne, and P. Klein. 2018. The development of a dense SNP-based consensus map and QTL detection for black spot resistance in three diploid rose populations. International Rose Symposium, 2017. Acta Hort., in press.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2018 Citation: Byrne, D.H., K. Ong., J. Olson, and M. Windham. 2018. Combating Rose Rosette Disease: Progress and Research. Talk given at the Chesapeake Green Conference, Baltimore, MD. February 20, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Kang, S., E. Young, J. Lau, H.B. Pemberton, C. Bishop, P. Klein, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Evaluation of Cercospora leaf spot severity on garden roses in Texas. Oral presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Chavez, D., M. Palma, and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Consumer preferences and willing-to-pay fr rose attributes. Oral presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Shires, M., K. Ong and D.H. Byrne. 2018. Screening of rose varieties for rose rosette virus resistance in Texas. Oral presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Byrne, D.H., W. Xu, Y. Shi, E. Young, J. Lau, S. Kang, J. Jung, J. Landivar, S, Oh. 2018. Rapid phenotyping for rose breeding Oral presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Collins, S., K. Solo, D.H. Byrne, A. Windham, F. Hale, Q. Cheng, and M. Windham. 2018. A cost-effective technique for counting Phyllocoptes fructiphilus, an eriophyid mite vector of the rose rosette virus. Poster presentation. American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings. Washington D.C. July 31 August 3, 2018.



Progress 09/01/16 to 08/31/17



Outputs

Target Audience:Raising awareness and implementation of improved best management practices is essential in solving the RRD problem. We have actively spread the information via local, national, and international talks and articles in industry and gardening publications as well as via social media. Although it is important to document our findings in the scientific literature, the success of our project lies on our ability to communicate our results to the green industry including producers, landscapers, garden centers, marketers, horticulturists, plant breeders/evaluators, plant protection specialists among others. Unlike many other specialty crop projects, an important target audience is the consumer as their efforts to control the disease is critical to our success. Thus we have made an effort to talk to rose/garden groups as well as the traditional professional and scientific groups. Currently we are initiating our RRD Monitoring program during which we will be recruiting rosarians, master gardeners, and other interested individuals to work with us to establish where RRD is found. This citizen scientist approach will serve to as a training platform as well as to gather more information on the distribution of RRD than has been previously possible. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Training was provided to 3 undergraduate students in various aspects of the research (cytogenetics, horticultural evaluation). Project participants and graduate students participated in the annual meetings of the American Phytopathogy Society, Ornamental Workshop on Diseases and Insects, PAG and the American Society of Horticultural Sciences. Training in the use of FlexQTL was provided by Eric van de Weg for 3 graduate students at the RosBREED 2 project meeting as well as in Wageningen at the Plant Research Institute. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?During the third year of the project we have communicated progress to our scientific colleagues (4 journal articles, 6 non referred articles, 31 presentations at professional meetings), to extension professionals, green industry professionals and Master Gardeners through training workshops, to a wide audience in the green industry including producers, landscapers, garden centers, marketers, horticulturists, plant breeders/evaluators, plant protection specialists, and consumers via 81 extension/public presentations including several TV segments (http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/meet-millions-mighty-mites-live-plants-pretty-much-everywhere-else/), online presentations, and radio interviews, 10 updated/new extension publications, social media (Combating RRD Facebook page with 610 followers, 2,200 engaged users, reach of ~23,000,Twitter; Rose Breeding and Genetics Facebook page (780 followers), Youtube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zAQufXWUoLU), articles in the American Rose Magazine, by demonstration gardens (TX, OK, TN), teaching classes at the Universities, hiring students as summer interns and diagnostic work (OSU/TAMU); periodic Rose Updates sent out to ~800 people and to rose breeders directly through their involvement in the creation of the hybrid rose populations for the project. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?See original research proposal for research plans.



Impacts

What was accomplished under these goals? Impacts: Improved rapid RRV diagnostics, mite monitoring protocols, and mite control tools will enable more efficient management of RRD even in highly infested areas. The marker technology developed for rose can reduce the breeding cycle in half and increase selection efficiency manifold. This will lead to more rapid development of RRD resistant rose cultivars. Obj. 1a. Develop rapid/robust diagnostic test for Rose rosette virus. The isothermal RRV-LAMP assay was further optimized by using the Optigene Mastermix and new RRV P3 based primers. In addition, a two-step, easy-to-use isothermal RPA detection alternative using PCRD-2 lateral flow strips for detection was designed for use in the field. An EDNA (Electronic probe Diagnostic Nucleic acid Analysis) system which uses next-generation sequencing technology to detect viruses was tested which indicated that this approach would be useful in vitro. The probe based, isothermal reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-exoRPA) assay when combined with a rapid viral RNA extraction technique can be run in ~25 minutes detected virus in rose leaves, stems, petals, pollen and roots. The PcAbs and the McAb 8D2F4 were tested with known healthy and RRV-infected rose samples to evaluate their sensitivity/reproducibility with various extraction buffer/treatments for their incorporation into antibody-based lateral flow devices for field use by nurseries, plant collectors and gardeners. Diagnostic kits of these test will be lab and/or field tested by two plant disease diagnostic laboratories. Obj. 1b. Epidemiology. The mite count methodology was optimized to count mites on the plants and a prototype of a mite sampler to detect mites moving via air currents was designed and is being tested. To make plant mite counts possible for use by nursery and landscape professionals for the monitoring of mite populations to determine when to apply miticides, a counting protocol/kit was developed with materials that were readily available that costs less than $100. Kits were distributed for testing and validation Commercial rose beds in 4 states both above and below the 'line' where RRD is found are being monitored for mite/symptomology and weather data. This data will be combined with environmental chamber experiments which documents eriophyid mite survivability and movement at a range of temperature/relative humidity and light conditions to develop a model to predict the severity of RRD. Efforts continue to determine whether mite settling, feeding, and reproduction are associated with identifiable morphological features of roses differing in resistance to either RRV or the mite vector P. fructiphilus. Obj. 1c. Chemical/biological field control options. The effectiveness of various spray intervals with bifenthrin, fenpyroximate, spiromesifen and spirotetramat (2, 4, 6 weeks), of abamectin and bifenazate on a 2-week schedule and an antiviral compound SP 7788 (SePRO Corp. Carmel, IN 46032) on controlling mite populations and symptom development is being studied. Thus far, RRD was observed in some of the control treatments. Various predator mites (Neoseiulus spp., Amblyseius andersoni and Tydeus spp.) were observed interacting with and consuming P. fructiphilus on roses, indicating their potential as biocontrol agents. Callyntrotus schlechtendali an eriophyid mite found on rose which does not cause detectable plant damage even at high populations may, if it does not acquire/transmit RRV, have potential as a biological competitor to reduce establishment of P. fructiphilus and minimize transmission. Obj. 2a. Identify additional sources of host plant resistance to RRD. 550 roses were identified as susceptible to RRD. The replicated disease resistance screening trials in Tennessee and Delaware and has recently been extended to Oklahoma (3 sites) and Texas (5 sites). Thus far, 130 of ~300 of these roses were confirmed susceptible. The remaining roses continue to be observed. These roses are also being evaluated for resistance to black spot and cercospora, heat tolerance, and landscape suitability in Texas. Five species accessions (R. arkansana, R. palustris EB, R. clinophylla, R. nitida and R. wichuriana Basye ARE) of 18 Rosa species assessed for their ability to serve as a host for eriophyid mites in the field had low mite populations. Obj. 2b. Optimize Digital Genotyping. The genotyping by sequencing protocol has been optimized for the diploid rose. The next step is to validate the approach with additional diploid germplasm and then assess its usefulness for tetraploid germplasm. Obj. 2c. Create diploid and tetraploid consensus maps. A consensus map with 3,500 SNPs (~0.25 cM/marker) was constructed by combining the individual genetic maps for five diploid mapping populations. This is the best genetic map reported for the rose. Obj. 2d. Discover markers associated with RRD resistance. The consensus map, the pedigrees, the genotypic data and the phenotypic information (black spot/cercospora resistance, horticultural traits) was combined using FlexQTL software, a pedigree based analysis program. As FlexQTL requires high quality genotypic data, this data was further cleaned to remove any inconsistencies which resulted in ~800 markers. The black spot analysis has identified a strong QTL on linkage group 3. As this is the first time FlexQTL has been used with GBS data, we are assessing its usefulness as compared to a SNP chip. In 2016, TAMU with partners made ~8,000 hand pollinations which resulted in ~18,000 hybrid seed, and ~3,800 rose hybrids. These along with the 2015 seedlings will be planted replicated trials at multiple sites (TX, OK, TN) for thorough phenotyping for resistance to RRD, other diseases and horticultural traits. 3. Create an information and demonstration pipeline. Obj. 3a. Develop a RRD Monitoring Network. Ong has worked with the UGA Center for Invasive Pest to develop a reporting system for RRV using EDDSMAPS. The E-learning module to train our collaborators is completed and the website (RoseRosette.com) for reporting/training is being finalized. Obj. 3b. Develop national RRD BMP training materials. Olson has developed a power point presentation with a voice over, and is in the process of developing a series of 5-6 videos on RRD. Obj. 3c. Develop an information pipeline. Ong is developing a Combating Rose Rosette website (RoseRosette.com) to serve as the central location to find accurate information on RRD management and training materials. The group has presented at scientific meetings (ASHS, APS, PAG, International Rose Symposium). The Combating Rose Rosette Disease Facebook page currently has ~610 followers, 2200 unique Facebook users and reached 23,000 Facebook users. The group has communicated our activities in the popular press via videos, 80 extension presentations and multiple extension publications. The Oklahoma Rose Rosette Disease bulletin has been downloaded over 10,000 times. 4. Improve our understanding of consumer and industry preferences and barriers to rose sales. Obj. 4a. Assess U.S. consumer preferences. Consumer willingness-to-pay experiments using eye tracking and other biometrics to establish consumer valuations for rose attributes was developed. The rose surveys to other sectors, including growers and rose professionals are being finalized (Qualtrics platform). Obj. 4b Identify market barriers inhibiting sales of new roses. To set the stage for identifying market barriers inhibiting the sale of new roses and determining the socioeconomic impacts of RRD research (4c), the team has been analyzing the chronological value chain for nursery growers who produce roses and other important ornamental shrubs. An economic engineering approach was developed to estimate the initial capital investment, production costs, and product prices for the baseline and alternative nursery pest and disease management models. Obj. 4c. Socioeconomic impacts of RRD research. See Obj. 4b.



Publications

Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Olson, J., Rebek, E. and Schnelle, M. 2017. Rose Rosette Disease. Oklahoma State University Cooperative Extension Service. Fact Sheet No. EPP-7329. Updated, March, 2017.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Babu B, Washburn BK, Miller SH, Poduch K, Knox G, Ochoa-Corona F, Paret ML. 2017. A rapid assay for detection of Rose rosette virus using reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification using multiple gene targets. Journal of Virological Methods 78-84

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Babu B, Ayyemperumal J, Schubert T, Baker C, Jones D, Knox G, Paret ML. 2016. Development of a rapid, sensitive TaqMan real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of Rose rosette virus using multiple gene targets. Journal of Virological Methods 235: 41-50

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Dong, Q., X. Wang. D. H. Byrne, and K. Ong. 2017. Characterization of partial resistance to black spot disease of Rosa spp. HortScience 52(1):49-53.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Liang, S., X. Wu, and D. Byrne. 2017. Flower-size heritability and floral heat-shock tolerance in diploid roses. HortScience. 52(5):1-4.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2017 Citation: R. Jordan, M.A. Guaragna and J. Hammond. Development of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to Rose rosette virus nucleoprotein. Acta Horticulturae

Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: J. Hammond and R.L. Jordan. Meet and beat Rose Rosette. Arbor Friends, the Friends of the National Arboretum newsletter, Summer 2016, pp.8-9.

Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Babu B, Knox GW, Paret ML. 2016. Rose Rosette Disease. Research Updates. Florida State Horticultural Society Newsletter 26(1):6

Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Windham, M. T., A. S. Windham, and F. A. Hale. 2016. Managing (and Living With) Rose Rosette Virus. Tennessee GreenTimes, Winter: 13-16.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Yan, M., D. H. Byrne, J. Zurn, Q. Dong, and P. Klein. 2017. The development of a dense SNP-based consensus map and QTL detection for black spot resistance in five diploid rose populations. Ornamental Genomics. Plant and Animal Genome XXV conference. San Diego, CA. Jan. 2017. Abstract

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Shires, M., Ong, K., Byrne, D. Rose Rosette Disease Resistance Variety Trials in North Texas. Abstract submitted for the 2017 National APS Meeting. August 5-9, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Shires, M. and Ong, K. 2016 Rose Rosette Disease Resistance Variety Trials in North Texas. 20th Ornamental Workshop on Diseases and Insects, Kanuga Conference Center, Hendersonville, NC. Oct.24-27.

Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Windham, M. T., F. A. Hale, and A. S. Windham. 2016. Managing Rose Rosette in the Landscape Ideas based on experimental data. Rose Magazine, Nov-Dec: 34-36 (Invited Paper).

Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Windham, M. T., A. S. Windham, and F. A. Hale. 2016. Is Rose Rosette Manageable? Proceedings of the 61st Southern Nursery Research Conference, 61: 135.

Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Knox, Gary. 2016. Low Maintenance Shrub Roses for North Florida and the Greater Gulf Coast: Fall 2016 Evaluations. 2016 UF/IFAS NFREC Research Report, 155 Research Rd., Quincy, FL 32351. 5 pp.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Knox, Gary. 2017. Rose rosette disease: New research results and potential impacts on rose production and use in Florida. 2017 Urban Landscape Summit, UF/IFAS Center for Landscape Conservation and Ecology. p. 17. (Abstr.)

Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Byrne, D. H., P. Klein, M. Yan, E. Roundey, and J. Lau 2016. Challenges of managing rose rosette disease. Texas Plant Protection Association Conference. December 7th, 2016. College Station, TX.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Roundey, E., J. Lau, N. Anderson and D. H. Byrne. 2016. Trends and Correlations between Horticultural Traits in a Rose Rosette Disease Evaluation Plot. Texas Plant Protection Association Conference. December 7th, 2016. College Station, TX.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Olmedo-Velarde, A. Larrea-Sarmiento, A.E., Flores, F.J., Elbeaino, T., Ochoa-Corona, F.M. 2016.Toward a broad detection of Emaravirus species: qRT-PCR-HRM and endpoint RT-PCR. CIBB-FP-EO-014. Pag.41. CIBB III: 2016 International Congress of Biotechnology and Biodiversity. (Congreso Internacional de Biotecnolog�a y Biodiversidad. 2016.). Investigaci�n y competitividad, claves para la producci�n. Libro de memorias. Guayaquil. Ecuador. October 1013, 2016. Eds. Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnol�gicas del Ecuador (CIBE); Escuela Superior Polit�cnica del Litoral (ESPOL). 206 pp.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Salazar, A., Molina, S., Ochoa-Corona, F.M., Olson, J. 2016. Detecci�n de Rose rosette virus mediante el m�todo de amplificaci�n isot�rmica de �cidos nucleicos LAMP (LOOP-MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION). CIBB-FP-EO-016. Pag. 43.CIBB III: 2016 International Congress of Biotechnology and Biodiversity. (Congreso Internacional de Biotecnolog�a y Biodiversidad. 2016.). Investigaci�n y competitividad, claves para la producci�n. Libro de memorias. Guayaquil. Ecuador. October 1013, 2016. Eds. Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnol�gicas del Ecuador (CIBE); Escuela Superior Polit�cnica del Litoral (ESPOL). 206 pp.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Windham, M., A. Windham, F. Hale, and Q. Cheng. 2017. Controlling rose rosette disease with cultural and chemical methods. Poster presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Collins, S., K. Solo, A. Windham, F. Hale, Q. cheng, and M. Windham. 2017. A simplified technique for counting eriophyid mites on roses that are endangered by rose rosette disease. Poster presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Bauchan, G., R. Ochoa, G. Otero-Colina, J. Hammond, and R. Jordan. 2017. Rose rosette disease: It all started with a tiny mite. Oral presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Lau, J. E. Roundey, N. Anderson, and D. H. Byrne. Fieldbook app: Use in data collection in rose breeding. Oral presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Byrne, D. H., M. Windham, F. Ochoa Corona, J. Olson, M. Parets, B. Babu, G. Knox, R. Jordan, J. Hammond, K. Ong, R. Ochoa, G. Bauchan, T. Evans, P. Klein, A. Windham, F. Hale, C. Hall, L. Ribera, M. Palma, and H. B. Pemberton. 2017. Combating rose rosette disease US National project. Keynote oral presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Xu, W., Y. Shi, and D. H. Byrne. Digital image analysis to assess flower productivity and foliage retention in garden roses throughout the season. Oral presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Jordan, R., J. Hammond, F. Ochoa-Corona, J. Olson, M. Paret, B. Babu, K. Ong, and D.H. Byrne. Combating rose rosette disease: Exploring development of accurate, rapid, efficient, easy-to-use and affordable virus diagnostic tools. Poster presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Kang, S., M. Yan, P. Klein, E. Roundey, J. Lau, H.B. Pemberton, C. Bishop, K. Ong, and D.H. Byrne. 2017. Resistance to garden roses to cercospora leaf spot. Poster presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Lau, J., S. Liang, X. Wu, M. Yan, P. Klein, E. Roundey, and D.H. Byrne. 2017. Heritability of flower size and heat stress in diploid roses. Poster presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Palma, M., L. Ribera, C. Hall, and D.H. Byrne. 2017. Neuromarketing, a novel approach to determine the consumer preferences and willingness-to-pay for rose attributes. Oral presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Pemberton, H.B., D.H. Byrne, J. Lau, E. Roundey, C. Bishop, and N. Anderson. Field evaluation of species and modern garden roses for black spot and landscape performance in Texas. Poster presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Roundey, E., X. Wu, S. Liang, M. Yan, P. Klein, and D.H. Byrne. 2017. Heritability of and markers for plant architecture in diploid roses. Oral presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Roundey, E., N. Anderson, C. Bedard, M. Scheiber, and D.H. Byrne. 2017. Rosa palustris and Rosa setigera: Breeding challenges. Oral presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Byrne, D.H., H.B. Pemberton, D.J. Holeman, T. Debener, T.M.Waliczek, and M. Palma. 2017. Survey of the rose community: desired rose traits and research issues. Oral presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Yan, M., Q. Dong, D.H. Byrne, and P. Klein. 2017. The development of a dense SNP-based consensus map and QTL detection for black spot resistance in three diploid rose populations. Oral presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Byrne, D.H., N. Anderson, T. Evans, S. Collins, B. England, K. Solo, A. Windham, F. Hale, and M. Windham. 2017. Evaluation of rose cultivars for resistance to rose rosette disease. Poster presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Collins, S. Q. Cheng, B. England, K. Solo, F. Hale, A. Windham, D.H. Byrne, N. Anderson, and M. Windham. 2017. Eriophyid mite populations found on different Rosa species a preliminary study. Oral presentation at the International Rose Symposium. Angers, France. August 3-7, 2017.



Progress 09/01/15 to 08/31/16



Outputs

Target Audience:During the second year of the project we have communicated progress to our scientific colleagues (6 journal articles, 3 conference proceedings, APS Special Session, ASHS Workshop, 31 presentations at professional meetings), to extension professionals, green industry professionals and Master Gardeners through training workshops, to a wide audience in the green industry including producers, landscapers, garden centers, marketers, horticulturists, plant breeders/evaluators, plant protection specialists, and consumers via 87 extension/public presentations (8600 contacts), interviews (industry publications), social media (Combating RRD Facebook page with 470 likes, 5,000 engaged users, reach of ~40,000,Twitter), Youtube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gEU8vyUaNf4&feature=youtu.be) articles in the American Rose Magazine, by demonstration gardens (TX, OK, TN), teaching classes at the Universities, hiring students as summer interns and diagnostic work (OSU/TAMU) and to rose breeders directly through their involvement in the creation of the hybrid rose populations for the project. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Training was provided to multiple groups of Extension professionals and Master Gardeners, and 4 college students in various aspects of the research (cloning and sequencing the RRV NP, cytogenetics, genetics, horticultural evaluation). Project participants and graduate students participated in the annual meetings of the American Phytopathogy Society (RRD Special Session), the American Society of Horticultural Sciences (RRD Workshop), the Plant and Animal Genome (invited talk at Ornamental Genomics session) conference as well as other professional meetings. In addition, the PI and graduate students attended the FlexQTL Training Workshop held in conjunction with the RoseBREED II Annual meeting. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?During the second year of the project we have communicated progress to our scientific colleagues (6 journal articles, 3 conference proceedings, APS Special Session, ASHS Workshop, 31 presentations at professional meetings), to extension professionals, green industry professionals and Master Gardeners through training workshops, to a wide audience in the green industry including producers, landscapers, garden centers, marketers, horticulturists, plant breeders/evaluators, plant protection specialists, and consumers via 87 extension/public presentations (8600 contacts), interviews (industry publications), social media (Combating RRD Facebook page with 470 likes, 5,000 engaged users, reach of ~40,000,Twitter), Youtube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gEU8vyUaNf4&feature=youtu.be), articles in the American Rose Magazine, by demonstration gardens (TX, OK, TN), teaching classes at the Universities, hiring students as summer interns and diagnostic work (OSU/TAMU) and to rose breeders directly through their involvement in the creation of the hybrid rose populations for the project. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported



Impacts

What was accomplished under these goals? 1. In the short term, develop a set of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to combat RRD Objective 1a. Develop rapid/robust diagnostic test for Rose rosette virus Verified the robustness and consistency of Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification of DNA (LAMP) and Helicase Depedent Amplification with Self-quenched Primers (HAD-SqP) assays for RRV detection in several laboratories. EMARA F&R7/8 primer set was designed from the conserved domains of the RNA conserved dependent RNA polymerase of the six species of Emaravirus to broadly detect viruses in the genus Emaravirus. Primers were designed to distinguish among 3 species of the Phyllocoptes mites and detect the presence of RRV simultaneously. Developed a suitable gel based-isothermal RT-RPA assay for the sensitive (1 fg), rapid (less than 30 minutes) detection of RRV for point-of care testing of field samples. The RT-exoRPA (isothermal reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification) assay for the rapid and sensitive (1 fg virus) detection of RRV combined with the rapid technique viral RNA extraction procedure (< 5 min) reduces the time of analysis to less than 15 min, with simple equipment and can be used efficiently in field assays for rapid indexing of the RRV. RRV NP-specific rabbit polyclonal antibody was developed. Detectable at ~10ng/mL in ACP ELISA. Five of the RRV NP-specific monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) reacted strongly to ACP (antigen coated plate) and of these three reacted to both the ACP and the TAS (triple antibody sandwich) ELISA assay. Validation in diagnostic lab was completed for the real-time PCR published by Dr. Ochoa-Corona. The method is reliable and provides results in as little as 3 hours reducing the time for analysis by 50%. Lab validation of other above described methods are ongoing. Objective 1b. Epidemiology P. fructiphilus was observed overwintering within the protection of spent flower buds indicating that flower bud removal in the fall may reduce of mite vector population. Floral/vegetative structure differences among roses presented unique niches that may influence the population density of the mite vector, other mites and their predators by influencing their survival. Rapid rogueing of symptomatic plants was a more effective control strategy than was the pruning of symptomatic canes to base of the graft union. Non host Miscanthus sinensis barriers reduced symptom development by more than 50%. Objective 1c. Chemical/biological field control options Weekly application of miticides (bifenthrin, fenpyroximate, spiromesifen and spirotetramat) was found to be effective (one-week spray intervals) in preventing rose rosette symptom development. Further studies to determine the optimal spray interval and the effectiveness of additional miticides (abamectin and bifenazate) on mite populations and symptoms development are under way. In the long term, identify additional sources of resistance and develop genetic tools to move resistance into commercial cultivars. Objective 2a. Identify additional sources of host plant resistance to RRD Observational studies have identified about 430 roses susceptible to RRD. Potentially resistant roses are in RRD field evaluation trials in Tennessee, Delaware, Texas and Oklahoma. 317 rose genotypes are being evaluated for resistance to RRD in field plots in Delaware and Tennessee. Symptoms are expected to develop this fall and in the spring of 2017. 300 rose accessions have been evaluated for resistance to black spot and cercospora, tolerance to heat, and landscape suitability in two trials in Texas. Of the roses being evaluated, 19% show good field resistance to black spot, 69% show good field resistance to cercospora and 9% show good resistance to both diseases. Unfortunately, most of those with little disease are species or species hybrids and not easily used in breeding. Objective 2b. Optimize Digital Genotyping Digital genotyping protocol has been optimized and used to sequence/identify SNPs on ~ 600 rose genotypes using the strawberry genome sequence as the reference genome. Objective 2c. Create diploid and tetraploid consensus maps Constructed individual genetic maps for three diploid mapping populations and created a consensus map with 3,500 SNPs (~0.25 cM/marker). Objective 2d. Discover markers associated with RRD resistance Preliminary work on using the MapQTL and FlexQTL software to analyze large numbers of SNP markers is being done on black spot resistance and various flower/architectural traits. Germination on crosses done in 2015 was poor (~2%). The populations with Rosa palustris are small (<10 seedlings). The largest diploid population is cross with Papa Hemeray (~50). Three small populations with Rosa setigera x polyantha were made available by David Zlesak. Several populations with 'Homerun' as a parent are available for analysis as are a few F2 populations derived from these. Potential parents were assessed for their chromosome number and pollen fertility. More than 6,000 pollinations were done in 2016. This includes 1,328 tetraploid and 5,288 diploid pollinations. The average hip set for the diploid and tetraploid crosses was 24% and 54% respectively. Create an information and demonstration pipeline. Objective 3a. Develop a RRD Monitoring Network The RRD reporting APP along with training materials are in the final stages of development Objective 3b. Develop national RRD BMP training materials This fall, Olson will release the national version of the rose rosette disease fact sheet as well as scripted powerpoint slides and recorded powerpoint presentations. Added another 140 images of rose rosette symptoms on the Bugwood.org database which serves as a national source of images of this disease. Objective 3c. Develop an information pipeline In the process of creating a Combating Rose Rosette website to serve as the central location to find accurate information on RRD management and training materals. Established a "Combating Rose Rosette Disease" Facebook page. It currently has about 467 (up from 200 in 2015) followers. Over 450 individuals have followed, 5,000 have interacted and it has reached over 40,000 individuals During the second year of the project we have communicated our progress to our scientific colleagues (31 professional presentations), a wide audience in the green industry including producers, landscapers, garden centers, plant protection specialists, marketers, plant breeders/evaluators,and consumers (87 presentations),articles in American Rose Magazine, via social media (Combating Rose Rosette Facebook page and twitter account) and to rose breeders directly through their involvement in the creation of the hybrid rose populations for the project. Improve our understanding of consumer and industry preferences and barriers to rose sales. Objective 4a. Assess U.S. consumer preferences A preliminary assessment of the rose attributes that drive demand have been established. We are developing pilot tests for the consumer experiments using eye tracking and other behavioral response equipment to analyze the external validity of responses. Objective 4b Identify market barriers inhibiting sales of new roses The chronological value chain for nursery growers who produce roses and other important ornamental shrubs was analyzed. Thus far, the key data collection points were identified and data management protocols established to ensure that the appropriate data are captured during the project. An economic engineering approach was developed to estimate the initial capital investment, production costs, and product prices for the baseline and alternative nursery disease management models. Objective 4c. Socioeconomic impacts of RRD research Work on objective 4b is preparing the groundwork and developing the database to do the socioeconomic analysis of the RRD research.



Publications

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Shefali Dobhal; Jennifer D Olson; Mohammad Arif, Ph.D; Johnny A Garcia Suarez; Francisco M Ochoa-Corona. 2016. A simplified strategy for sensitive detection of Rose rosette virus compatible with three RT-PCR Chemistries. Journal of Virological Methods 232:47-56

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Binoy Babu, Brian K. Washburn, Kristina Poduch, Gary Knox and Mathews Paret. 2016. Identification and characterization of two novel genomic RNA segments RNA5 and RNA6 in Rose rosette virus infecting roses Acta Virologica 60(2):41-50.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Babu, B., J. Avyamperumal, D. Jones, T. S. Schubert, C. Baker, B. Washburn, S. Miller, K. Poduch, G. Knox, F. Ochoa-Corona, and M. Paret. 2016. Development of a rapid, sensitive TaqMan real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of Rose rosette virus using multiple gene targets. Journal of Virological Methods. September 2016 235:41-50

Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Windham, M 2015. Unravelling rose rosette Acta Horticulturae, 1085:409-413

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Palma, Marco A., Bridget K. Behe, Charles R. Hall, Patricia T. Huddleston, and Tom Fernandez. 2016. Tracking position premiums in discrete choice experiments. Applied Economics Letters. Published online DOI:10.1080/13504851.2016.1150941.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Perez, Maria, Marco Palma, Bridget Behe, and Charles Hall. 2016. Structural Breaks and Future Growth of the Green Industry. J. Environ. Hort. 34(1):5255.

Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Byrne D. H.,E. Roundey,P. Klein, and M. Yan. 2015. Combating Rose Rosette Disease: Are there resistant roses? American Rose Magazine 43(5):78-83

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Windham, M. T., F. A. Hale, A. S. Windham, and Q. Cheng. 2015. A Best Management Plan for Rose Rosette. Proceedings of the Southern Nursery Research Conference. 60:165-165.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: F. M. Ochoa-Corona , A.M. Salazar Aguirre, S.G. Molina C�rdenas , A. Olmedo-Velarde, S. Dobhal, J. Olson, B. Babu, M. L. Paret. 2016. Development of efficient diagnostic tools to enable rapid, easy-to-use, accurate and affordable detection for Rose rosette virus. Oral presentation. American Phytopathological Society. Tampa, FL. July 30 August 3, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: S. G. Molina C�rdenas. A. M. Salazar Aguirre,F.M. OCHOA CORONA, J. Olson. Fluorogenic Detection of Plant Viruses by Helicase Dependent Amplification with Self-Quenched Primers. Oral presentation. American Phytopathological Society. Tampa, FL. July 30 August 3, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: F. M. Ochoa-Corona. Diagnostics 101, Roses, biosecurity & Possibilities. Oral presentation. NCPR-Annual Tier II Meeting, Shreveport, LA. June 28-29, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: R. Ochoa, G. Otero-Colina, J. Hammond, R. Jordan, G. Bauchan. Current state of knowledge on mite transmission and control. Oral presentation. American Phytopathological Society. Tampa, FL. July 30 August 3, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Byrne, D. H., P. Klein, M. Yan, E. Roundey, and J. Lau 2016. Is breeding the answer? How long will it take? The challenges of Rose Rosette Disease (RRD). Oral presentation for the American Phytopathological Society meetings in Tampa, FL, August, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Ong, K., H. B. Pemberton, A. Windham, G. Knox, J. Olson, A. Brake, E. Roundey, and D. H. Byrne. 2016. Combating Rose Rosette Monitoring extent and diversity of the disease. Poster presentation. American Phytopathological Society meetings in Tampa, FL, August, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Yan, M, D. H. Byrne, and P. Klein. 2016. Map construction in rose with GBS. Invited talk in the Ornamental Session at the PAG meetings, San Diego, January, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Pemberton, H. B., K. Ong, M. Windham, J. D. Olson, and D. H. Byrne. 2016. What is Rose Rosette Disease? The challenges of Rose Rosette Disease (RRD): An Update of the combating RRD SCRI project. Oral presentation for the American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings in Atlanta, August, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Byrne, D. H., P. Klein, M. Yan, E. Roundey, and J. Lau 2016. The challenges of Rose Rosette Disease (RRD): Is breeding the answer? How long will it take?: An Update of the combating RRD SCRI project. Oral presentation for the American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings in Atlanta, August, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Roundey, E., N. Anderson, C. Bedard, M. Scheiber, and D. H. Byrne. 2016. Evaluation of Rosa palustris as a parent for Rose Rosette Disease-resistant roses. Oral presentation for the American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings in Atlanta, August, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Yan, M., D. H. Byrne, P. Klein, and Q. Dong. 2016. Map construction and black spot resistance QTL detection in diploid rose. Oral presentation for the American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings in Atlanta, August, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Jennifer Olson, Tom Evans, Kevin Ong, Mark Windham, Ellen Roundey, Jeekin Lau, David H. Byrne. 2016. Is there resistance to Rose Rosette Disease among cultivated roses? National Meeting of the American Phytopathological Society. Tampa, FL. July 30-August 3. Poster.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Mark Windham, Alan Windham, Frank Hale. 2016. Management of Rose Rosette Disease. The Challenges of Rose Rosette Workshop. Oral presentation for the American Society of Horticultural Sciences meetings in Atlanta, August, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Mark Windham, Alan Windham, Frank Hale. 2016. Is Rose Rosette Manageable? 61st Southern Nursery Research Conference. Athens, GA. August 30-31.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Salazar Aguirre, S. Molina C�rdenas, F. Ochoa-Corona, J. Olson. Rose rosette virus detection using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). Poster presentation. American Phytopathological Society. Tampa, FL. July 30 August 3, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: A. Olmedo-Velarde, F. Ochoa-Corona, T. Elbeaino. Toward broad detection of emaraviruses: Endpoint RT-PCR. Poster presentation. American Phytopathological Society. Tampa, FL. July 30 August 3, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: F. M. Ochoa-Corona , J. Olson. Detection and discrimination Methods you can use: virus chasers 2008-2016. Poster presentation. National Plant Diagnostic Conference. Washington D.C. March 8-10, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Ramon, J., M. A. Guaragna, and J. Hammond. 2016. Development and characterization of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to Rose rosette virus. Poster presentation. American Phytopathological Society. Tampa, FL. July 30 August 3, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: A. Brake and Ong, K. (2016) Monitoring and increasing awareness for Rose Rosette Disease in Texas. (Abstr.) Phytopathology 106 (Suppl.2):S2.7. Poster presentation. American Phytopathological Society. Tampa, FL. July 30 August 3, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2015 Citation: Palma, M. 2015. Eye(ing) the customer: A Consumer Oriented Neuromarketing approach. The Rio Grande Valley Vegetable Research and Education Building Dedication. McAllen, TX. October, 2015.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2015 Citation: Palma, M. 2015. The Brain Doesnt Lie: Using Neuromarketing Tools for Consumer Research. Ellison Chair Distinguished Lecture Series. College Station, TX. October, 2015.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2015 Citation: PALMA, M. 2015. Human Decision Making and the Brain. University of CEMA Invited Seminar. Buenos Aires, Argentina. September, 2015.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2015 Citation: PALMA, M. 2015. Pushing the bounds of rationality in Experimental Auctions. Agricultural and Applied Economics Association Annual Meeting. San Francisco, CA. July, 2015.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2015 Citation: PALMA, M. 2015. Coevolution of Risk Preferences and Fairness Preferences: a Structural Panel VAR Approach. Economic Science Association World Meeting. Sydney, Australia. July 2015.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2015 Citation: PALMA, M. 2015. Computational Search Dynamics in Discrete Choice Experiments. International Food Marketing Research Symposium. Chania, Greece. June, 2015.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2015 Citation: PALMA, M. 2015. Eye Tracking and Neuromeasurement tools for Marketing Research. Southern Agricultural Economics Association Invited Symposium. Atlanta, GA. February, 2015.

Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2016 Citation: Binoy Babu, Washburn BK, Miller S, Poduch K, Knox G, Ochoa-Corona FM & Paret ML. A novel and rapid technique for diagnosis of Rose rosette virus using reverse transcription- recombinase polymerase amplification assay using multiple gene targets. J. Virol. Methods

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Olson, J., Schnelle, M., Ong, K. and Byrne, D. Pictorial Guide to Rose Rosette Disease Symtoms. Poster at NPDN National Meeting in Crystal City, VA. March 8-10, 2016.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Ong, K., Brake, A., and Olson, J. Monitoring: Volunteers and their Role in Data Collection and Education. American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS), Annual conference Aug 8-11th, 2016. Atlanta, GA.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Binoy Babu and Paret ML. Field based detection of Rose rosette virus using isothermal Recombinase Polymerase amplification assay. National Clean Plant Network (NCPNR)- Annual tier II rose meeting, June 28th & 29th, 2016. Shreveport, Louisiana.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Binoy Babu, Paret ML, Knox G, Ochoa-Corona FM, & Jordan R. 2016. Development of serological and molecular diagnostic tools for Rose rosette virus. American Society for Horticultural Science (ASHS), Annual conference Aug 8-11th, 2016. Atlanta, GA.

Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2016 Citation: Binoy Babu, Brian K. Washburn, Francisco M. Ochoa-Corona, Gary Knox and Mathews L. Paret. Development of a field-based detec