The Galaxy S10's Snapdragon 855 chipset could dominate with up to 45 percent faster performance speeds compared to the Galaxy S9 when Samsung unveils its next flagship phone this Wednesday in San Francisco. This isn't just Qualcomm talking. At CES last month, we got a chance to test Snapdragon 855 on a prototype phone. So far, the benchmarking results paint the picture of an incredibly fast device that leaves the Galaxy S9 and LG V40 in the dust.

Qualcomm typically gives a small group of journalists the opportunity to run a slew of common benchmarking tests on a phone called a reference device. You can think of it as a working prototype that Qualcomm uses in part to test the latest Snapdragon chip with the camera, apps, 5G network trials and so on. While the reference device isn't a finished phone that will sell under a brand name -- unlike a prototype for Samsung's foldable phone, for instance -- it's extremely useful for seeing how a phone running on the Snapdragon 855 might act.

Qualcomm is the world's largest chip maker for mobile phones, which means that the Snapdragon 855 will come to many of the highest-end Android phones in 2019. But Qualcomm isn't alone. Samsung and Huawei, the top two phone makers, manufacture their own in-house chips, too -- though only a small number of Samsung phones use its homegrown Exynos chip.

Angela Lang/CNET

Meanwhile, Apple uses its own A-series CPUs in the iPhone -- Apple designs them, and TSMC or other partners manufacture them. What about that big Apple/Qualcomm brouhaha, then? Yes, the iPhone company is currently engaged in an FTC suit against Qualcomm for allegedly operating a monopoly in the mobile chip space and charging excessive licensing fees. But those are the modem chips that the phones use to communicate on cellular wireless networks. Apple has shifted to using Intel as its modem supplier while the Qualcomm issue works its way through the courts -- though that may well delay Apple's path to a 5G iPhone, Apple said during the trial.

But back to CPUs. Like I said, the Snapdragon 855 is expected to process CPU tasks 45 percent faster than last year's Snapdragon 845, the one on the Galaxy S9. It's projected to process graphics 20 percent faster, too. My test results from the Snapdragon 855 just about fit the claim, ranging from an average of 19 percent to 45 percent faster than two phones using Snapdragon 845 (see chart below).

Snapdragon 855 demos hint at what you could do on Galaxy S10, Pixel 4 See all photos +12 More

To test the speed of Qualcomm's new processors, I ran eight benchmarking tests three times apiece on the Snapdragon 855 reference phone, and two phones running the 2018 Snapdragon 845: a Galaxy S9 Plus and an LG V40. Together, these tests measure CPU, GPU and JavaScript speeds for web apps. The chart below shows the average result, but I also included a column showing the Snapdragon 855 reference device's percentage gain over the LG V40 or Galaxy S9 Plus, whichever phone had the next-closest score.

Snapdragon 855 reference phone specs

Just so you know what kind of working device we're dealing with.

6-inch WQHD AMOLED with 2,880x1,440-pixel resolution



Dual rear cameras: 12-megapixel and 13-megapixel



8-megapixel front-facing camera



6GB RAM



USB Type-C connector



No headphone jack



Kryo 485 CPU: Up to 2.8GHz

Snapdragon 855 benchmarking tests

Snapdragon 855 reference device Galaxy S9 Plus (Snapdragon 845) LG V40 (Snapdragon 845) Percentage gain (betw. 855 reference and next highest result) GeekBench 4.3 single-core 3,475 2,180 2,399 45% GeekBench 4.3 multi-core 11,153 8,302 8,850 26% GFxBench ES 3.1 1080 Manhattan offscreen 71 55 44 29% GFxBench ES 3.0 1080 Manhattan offscreen 102 74 59 38% GFxBench ES 3.1 1080 Carchase offscreen 42 34 29 24% GFxBench ES 2.0 1080 T-Rex offscreen 167 140 108 19% JetStream - Geometric mean 115 80 65 44% AnTuTu 357,899 254,929 225,241 40%

Can we trust benchmarking results?

Why do we benchmark? There's value in quantifying the improvements we might see on a finished product. Fast phones mean you'll be able to do what you want to quicker, including loading resource-hungry apps and processing photos with advanced features.

Angela Lang/CNET

Benchmarking is even more useful for the companies using the chips. Qualcomm can provide phone makers with a range of scores that phones using the new chip should hit on certain tests. If that doesn't happen, the engineers on both sides can dig in to work out the problem. Nobody wants to sell or buy a suboptimal phone.

That said, benchmarking tests aren't without controversy. The reference device isn't a "final" phone, which means that final results on the future Galaxy S10, Google Pixel 4, OnePlus 7 and LG G8 could turn out differently. It all depends on how the phone maker's software works with the chipset. Yes, even if they all use Android as their base operating system, the phone makers' software layers are different enough to impact these speeds.

Phone makers have also been found to game the most popular benchmarking apps, causing tests to inflate the resulting scores. That's why CNET also relies on real-world observation when we rate a phone's processing speeds. If the phone feels slow despite top benchmarking scores, we'll point out the discrepancy.

Now for just one more reminder. Phones that use the Snapdragon 855 aren't automatically 5G phones -- these devices will need to use Qualcomm's X50 modem to connect to faster networks, once they're available. Here's everything you need to know about 5G phones.

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First published Jan. 15 at 5 a.m. PT.

Update Feb. 18, 5 a.m.: Updates throughout.

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