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Eastern Europe allies had been asking NATO to bolster its presence in the region as a deterrent against Russia trying to destabilize them in the same way it did Ukraine. That includes crossing into their territory, inciting Russian speakers within their borders and cyber attacks.

Russia has denied any such intentions, and instead accused NATO of instigating the current standoff by expanding into former Soviet territory and trying to undermine its sphere of influence. It has also warned against any military build-up on its borders.

The Conservatives and NDP have indicated they will support Canada’s contribution to NATO reassurance efforts. Some, however, fear it could make prospects for peace even more bleak, and instead contribute to a new Cold War. Germany’s foreign minister accused NATO last month of “sabre-rattling.”

They will send a clear message that an attack on one ally will be an attack on the whole alliance. I believe this approach, with defence and dialogue, is the only viable long-term approach to Russia

Speaking to reporters before the start of the summit, NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg said alliance members “don’t want a new Cold War. The Cold War is history and it should remain history.”

However, he also said the world has seen a more assertive Russia that has shown a willingness to use military force, as exemplified by events in Ukraine. Stoltenberg said that is why the deployment of allied forces into Eastern Europe is necessary.

“They will send a clear message that an attack on one ally will be an attack on the whole alliance,” he said. “I believe this approach, with defence and dialogue, is the only viable long-term approach to Russia.”