In Sunday’s game against the Pirates, Joey Votto batted five times, without recording an official at-bat. He drew five walks, none of which were intentional. It wasn’t actually the only time Votto has drawn five walks in a game in his career. It wasn’t actually the only time a player has drawn five walks in a game this season. And it didn’t actually tie a single-game walk record, thanks to Jimmie Foxx. Five walks in five trips is rare and notable. This, though — this is what really put the Votto game over the top.

If Votto bats again, record for 5 PA or fewer is 43 pitches seen. D’Angelo Jimenez, 9/7/2001 — Joe Block (@joe_block) August 27, 2017

Joey Votto batted five times and walked five times while drawing 43 pitches. Now, most articles don’t want to begin by comparing some current player to D’Angelo Jimenez. That’s not exactly a one-way ticket to Traffictopia. But pitch-by-pitch data has existed for nearly three decades. Votto just equaled a modern-day record while notching a four-digit OBP. For this one day, more than any other, Joey Votto was exhausting.

He wasn’t perfect. We’ll get to that. Votto had an imperfect game, and a perfect OBP. Primarily, he was exhausting, and maybe you can just get that from the 43 pitches in five plate appearances. That’s a whole lot of action, but to put it another way, I timed all the Votto plate appearances beginning around when he stepped into the box, and the end result I found is 18 minutes and 24 seconds. For 18 and a half minutes, Joey Votto was the active batter, meaning he took nearly as long as a network sitcom. To be a batter for that long, for that many pitches, requires an awful lot of work and concentration. And in the end, Votto didn’t technically *do* anything. None of his plate appearances ended with a swing. Of course, that glosses over so many details.

Here you can see the whole entire pitch map. If there’s one thing I don’t need to tell you about Votto, it’s that he’s selective. You learn all about his eye in the first couple weeks of Votto 101, and in the plot, you see that he was able to refrain from chasing.

You could say that Votto went out of the zone, but then, only by an inch or two, in defensive situations. And sometimes those pitches get called strikes. There’s what the strike zone is supposed to be, and there’s what the strike zone actually is. Votto, like any hitter, needs to react to the effective zone, as it were. Sunday, Votto was as disciplined as ever. Each trip to the plate ended with a non-swing, but those successful non-swings were earned. That’s how this typically goes.

Let’s break it out, looking at each Votto plate appearance in order, as shown by Gameday.

Joey Votto is the league leader in walks. His first time up, the count went to 0-and-1. Votto is the league leader in walks after the count goes to 0-and-1. His second time up, the count went to 0-and-2. Votto is the league leader in walks after the count goes to 0-and-2. His third time up, the count went to 1-and-2. Votto is the league leader in walks after the count goes to 1-and-2. His fourth time up, the count went to 2-and-2. Votto is the league leader in walks after the count goes to 2-and-2. And his fifth time up, the count went to 3-and-2. Votto is the league leader in walks after the count goes to 3-and-2.

If you just look at Votto’s surface numbers, his talent comes across. He’s so good that there’s not really any feasible way of hiding it. And if you want to understand Votto’s eye, you can just look at how he swings inside and outside of the zone. That’ll get you most of the way there. It works. But to gain the fullest possible understanding, you need to break things down. You need to look at, say, count splits, like in the previous paragraph. To continue with that, ultimately, all five of Votto’s plate appearances on Sunday went to a full count. Full counts are tricky. There’s not a lot of margin for error. There’s great reward for any ball, but there’s also a significant penalty for a strike, swinging or taken. This year, 166 different players have batted in a full count at least 50 times. In those situations, Votto has a 50% walk rate, and a 12% strikeout rate. His K-BB%, therefore, is -38%. That’s the best in baseball by almost seven percentage points. The league average is -7%. When discipline really matters, Votto remains ever the outlier.

I said earlier that Votto had an imperfect game. Here’s what I mean by that. You can’t do what Votto did, for as many pitches as Votto did it, without taking swings. Some of those swings were failures. Here’s one.

Here’s another.

Votto, I’m sure, would’ve liked to make contact. Those are balls he wanted to put in play. One of the old and stupid criticisms of Votto is that, too often, he goes up there planning to walk. Nobody plans to walk. You can’t just make five walks happen. You have to earn them, and unless you’re facing particularly wild pitchers, you have to swing the bat. Votto did swing, several times. None of those swings resulted in a ball in play. Not even, say, this one.

There’s an anecdote that’s a few years old saying that, as a major leaguer, Votto has pulled exactly one foul ball into the stands. I don’t know if it’s still true, and I don’t know if it was ever true, but it used to be one of those things. One of those Joey Votto fun facts people would toss around from time to time, when there was nothing else better to discuss. This is not a pulled foul ball, into the stands. But this is close. This is nearly as close as Votto gets. It’s because his bat control is unbelievable.

How is it unbelievable? How has Votto, this year, managed to trim his strikeout rate another five points? A big part of it, naturally, is his eye, but then there’s also the extent to which Votto chokes up. Try to imagine Bryce Harper looking like this.

With a shortened bat, Votto can fight off a pitch like this.

He can fight off a pitch like this.

He can catch himself before he fully commits to a pitch like this.

In one sense, Votto made a number of little mistakes, extending plate appearances without a ball in play. But this is where you can find the true genius of a given Joey Votto trip to the plate. No batter is perfect, and no batter can aspire to be anything even close to perfect. You can’t always take perfect swings, and you can’t always make perfect decisions. But Votto gives away opportunities less often than just about anyone else. He knows he’s not out until there’s a third strike recorded, and he makes that third strike almost impossible. Yeah, he likes hits. Loves home runs. Everyone does. Most pitches don’t turn into hits or home runs. Votto always has getting on base in the back of his mind. If he misses a pitch, so be it; a foul or a whiff before the third strike isn’t the end of anything. Everyone’s always thirsty for a line drive, but Votto knows how to appreciate an 11-pitch walk.

The Reds lost to the Pirates on Sunday, and they scored two runs. Maybe there are people out there who’d still prefer that Votto swing with more aggressiveness. It’s hard to drive in any runs with a base on balls. But one needs to remember that the goal isn’t to drive in runs. The goal is to try to win the baseball game. By win probability added, Votto just had his seventh-best game of the year. It’s not his fault Adam Duvall had his own second-worst. Don’t blame Joey Votto for the rest of the Reds. There’s almost literally nothing else he could do.