As a renowned Stanford scientist, Ron Davis has a deep appreciation for the power of modern medicine.

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How California doctors are fixing how we die And yet an explanation for the disease afflicting his own beloved son eludes him.

Son Whitney, 33, suffers from such severe Chronic Fatigue Syndrome that he is bedridden, unable to eat or speak. The handsome man was once a photographer and adventurer. He traveled through the United States, studied Buddhism in India and Nepal, lived in an Ecuadorian rainforest and ran a campaign office for former president Barack Obama. Now he’s returned home to Palo Alto for 24-hour care.

So his father has set out to find the reason behind his mysterious condition — believed to affect 2 million Americans — convinced that science has an answer, and that knowledge will lead to a cure. He is also giving new hope to others.

“To have people like Dr. Davis who are studying it and looking for answers — it is huge,” said Lorene Irizary of Sonoma, sick for 22 years, a former Sonoma County official who now a patient at Stanford. She arrived in a wheelchair. “I’ve tried so hard to find answers. To be here with the researchers and the doctors and see it all together – It is really amazing.”

On Saturday, at a Stanford symposium organized by Davis, patients and top scientists gathered to share their insights into the condition, also called myalgic encephalomyelitis or ME/CFS. About 300 people attended the conference and another 1,000 watched it online.

“We trying to get to the heart to what is really going on,” said Davis, PhD, director of Stanford’s Genome Technology Center and director of Stanford’s Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research Center. “I think we are making good progress. There is a lot of new data that helps us focus in.”

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This is what we know, so far: When people encounter a major stress in life, such as an infection, environmental toxin, trauma or physical shock, the body hits the “pause” button — briefly. This is a normal; it’s nature’s way of keeping us alive, during times of trial.

Most of us bounce back. While we all feel exhausted after a setback — say, the flu or mononucleosis -we eventually recover.

But some don’t. Their debilitation persists.

“Basically it’s a shutdown of the body,” said Davis. “It doesn’t reactivate.”

“If you have mono or influenza, once the viral infection is gone you don’t feel very well. You feel totally exhausted and miserable. That is what these patients feel all the time — year after year after years.”

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At the symposium, scientists agreed that multiple studies have failed to find a single underlying anomaly for the disease. And patients with similar onsets have different longterm outcomes.

But biological patterns are emerging. Scientists are studying the unique chemical fingerprints that specific cellular processes and life’s molecular machinery leave behind – and see clues.

Immune system T cells are using significantly less of their respiratory capacity, they reported. They’ve seen metabolites that are consistent with enhanced inflammation and reduced recovery. There also are disturbances in the body’s pathways for fat, lipid, sugar and energy metabolism.

One scientist reported that seven underlying genetic “cluster issues” have been identified, perhaps predisposing them to illness.

“What is the mechanism for the body’s shutdown? What is the mechanism for reactivation? We don’t know,” said Davis.

For Whitney, the illness followed a bad case of mononucleosis, then a spell of headaches and dizziness after a college trip to Jamaica. He sickened while in India, then later caught a severe cold when back home — and never returned to health.

Davis’s tireless search — studying journals, assembling experts, calling National Institutes of Director Dr. Francis Collins and urging more funding — has not yet revealed a certain culprit.

It’s a frustration for Davis, 76, who is also professor of biochemistry and of genetics with a degree from Caltech, postdoctoral training at Harvard, and 30 biotechnology patents to his name. Named one of the world’s greatest innovators by The Atlantic magazine, he developed a technique which led to the discovery of RNA splicing and also helped find a way to join DNA fragments.

But he knows his efforts are opening a door to a new frontier of research into a disease that was once thought merely psychological — where scientists can look beyond the vast spectrum of ailments.

After the conference, Davis would end his day like all others: going home, opening the door to Whitney’s dark room, and start an intravenous solution to provide food and hydration.

“I was hoping some doctors would know what was going on with Whitney and knew how to treat it. It took a long time to realize that no one knows how to treat it.”

“I think we can figure this out and cure it. I am optimistic,” he said. “People recover. It is not something that is intractable.”

To learn more about Stanford’s Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research Center, go here: http://med.stanford.edu/sgtc/donation.html

To learn more about the Community Symposium on the Molecular Baiss of ME/CFS, and order a DVD of proceedings, go to:www.omf.ngo and https://www.omf.ngo/community- symposium/

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