SHANGHAI (Reuters) - Heavily-polluted Hebei province in northern China will take more action to shut “backward” coal-fired power plants, promote new energy vehicles and relocate more industries, it said on Saturday after a surge in smog levels in January and February.

FILE PHOTO: Residential buildings under construction are pictured on a polluted day after the Chinese Lunar New Year holidays on the outskirts of Langfang, Hebei province, China, February 3, 2017. REUTERS/Jason Lee/File Photo

Hebei, home to six of China’s 10 smoggiest cities in the first two months of 2017, is on the frontline of a three-year “war on pollution”, and has already promised to slash coal consumption and close inefficient industrial plants.

But the province has been accused of pursuing “form over substance” when it comes to fighting pollution.

Despite improvements, Hebei, together with neighboring Beijing and Tianjin, saw concentrations of small breathable particles known as PM2.5 rise 48 percent in the first two months of 2017 after several bouts of persistent smog.

At a meeting of government officials on Friday, Hebei Communist party chief Zhao Kezhi said the province had now drawn up 18 new “special implementation plans”, but he also called for “patience”, saying there was still a long way to go before Hebei’s problems could be resolved.

Hebei is China’s biggest steelmaking region, and despite cutting capacity, output rose 2.3 percent to 192.6 million tonnes last year, nearly a quarter of the national total.

The steel city of Tangshan saw output rise 6.8 percent to 88.3 million tonnes last year, and it is the target of a tough new inspection campaign aimed at rooting out firms that break rules.

In one of its new plans, Hebei promised to shut or relocate all “backward” power generation capacity in urban areas by 2020.

Hebei, which will host events for the 2022 Winter Olympics, has lagged the rest of the country when it comes to replacing coal, with the share of renewables in its total energy mix less than half the national level last year.

Hebei aims to cut PM2.5 by 10 percent this year and by 15 percent in the winter. It has promised to replace coal-fired furnaces in 1.8 million households with gas or electric heaters.

The official Xinhua news agency said on Saturday that a total of 28 northern cities have now drawn up detailed action plans to address winter smog, promising to shut small polluting enterprises, establish “coal-free zones” and halve coal and steel production in winter.

The Ministry of Environmental Protection will publish a monthly progress report aiming to “name and shame” cities that fall behind, Xinhua added.