In a series of posts earlier, we have looked in detail at the anomalies in the Indian Constitution with respect to granting of rights for establishing educational institutions. Such a right under Article 30 exists only for religious and linguistic minorities, and not for the majority community.

In the previous articles, the history, evolution and implications of Article 30 have been looked at elaborately. This article will examine the provisions provided in the constitutions of various countries that grant equal rights and opportunities to ‘all’ its citizens for establishing educational institutions.

There are a few countries which do provide specific rights for their minorities (ethnic communities) to establish educational institutions. However, along with these provisions, as we shall see later, the rights of the majority have been well protected.

Germany

The ‘Basic Law’ for the Federal Republic of Germany has a dedicated article for its school system. This Article 7 gives explicit rights to its citizens for establishing private schools.