President Trump Donald John TrumpOmar fires back at Trump over rally remarks: 'This is my country' Pelosi: Trump hurrying to fill SCOTUS seat so he can repeal ObamaCare Trump mocks Biden appearance, mask use ahead of first debate MORE is facing a significant backlash from Senate Republicans over his trade talks with China, which they see as delivering far less than he promised.

Several GOP senators say Trump has wound up on the losing side of the discussions, and his talk of lifting rules barring U.S. companies from selling to the Chinese telecommunications firm ZTE has prompted a revolt.

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The Senate Banking Committee on Tuesday voted overwhelmingly in favor of an amendment to block Trump from easing penalties on ZTE, which violated U.S. sanctions by selling equipment to North Korea and Iran. The panel’s action followed a similar vote by a House panel last week.

Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin Steven Terner MnuchinOn The Money: Powell, Mnuchin stress limits of emergency loans | House seeks to salvage vote on spending bill | Economists tell lawmakers: Kill the virus to heal the economy Economists spanning spectrum say recovery depends on containing virus Powell, Mnuchin stress limits of current emergency lending programs MORE announced on “Fox News Sunday” that “we’re putting the trade war on hold” by pulling back on the threat of tariffs. But that announcement did not appease unhappy Republicans upset over the administration’s mixed messages.

Sen. Marco Rubio Marco Antonio RubioOvernight Defense: Pentagon redirects pandemic funding to defense contractors | US planning for full Afghanistan withdrawal by May | Anti-Trump GOP group puts ads in military papers Democrats step up hardball tactics as Supreme Court fight heats up Press: Notorious RBG vs Notorious GOP MORE (R-Fla.) blasted Trump’s trade strategy on Tuesday as ineffective.

“Sadly #China is out-negotiating the administration & winning the trade talks right now,” he wrote on Twitter. “They have avoided tariffs & got a #ZTE deal without giving up anything meaningful in return by using N. Korea talks & agriculture issues as leverage.”

Lawmakers from farm states have been the most vocal in pressing Trump to reconsider his tactics.

Sen. Ben Sasse Benjamin (Ben) Eric SasseGovernment watchdog recommends creation of White House cyber director position Chamber of Commerce endorses McSally for reelection Ben Sasse is mistaken with idea for the election of senators in America MORE (R-Neb.) said farmers and ranchers he met with on Tuesday are not reassured by Trump’s claim over the weekend via Twitter that “China has agreed to buy massive amounts of additional farm/agricultural products.”

“I’ve been meeting with farmers and ranchers all morning. I have not yet heard one who thinks the U.S. has won anything from the Chinese leadership,” he said. “They’re scared to death.”

Sasse, who ripped Trump’s trade policies earlier this year as the “dumbest possible way” to take on China, said Trump doesn’t appear to have made significant progress addressing two major economic threats facing the United States: China’s ambitions to dominate high-tech industries and its rampant theft of U.S. intellectual property.

“All that I have seen would suggest that China’s winning,” he said. “The big two are the Made in China 2025 initiative and the way they steal our [intellectual property].”

Even Trump’s most loyal allies are expressing frustration.

Senate Finance Committee Chairman Orrin Hatch Orrin Grant HatchBottom line Bottom line Senate GOP divided over whether they'd fill Supreme Court vacancy MORE (R-Utah) said he agreed with Rubio’s critique.

The criticism has put Trump on the defensive.

On Tuesday, he denied that his administration is on the cusp of a deal with China and vowed that ZTE will have to pay a massive fine.

“What I envision is a very large fine of more than a billion dollars. Could be [$1.3 billion]. I envision a new management, a new board, and very, very strict security rules,” he said during a joint press conference with South Korean President Moon Jae-in.

“And I also envision that they will have to buy a big percentage of their parts and equipment from American companies,” Trump added.

Other GOP senators are faulting the administration for a disorganized approach.

They say Trump was wrong to threaten sanctions, causing turmoil in markets, only to pull back and declare the trade war over, before reversing course again with new threats.

“Is there a plan somewhere?” asked Sen. Pat Roberts Charles (Pat) Patrick RobertsThe Hill's Morning Report - Sponsored by Facebook - Washington on edge amid SCOTUS vacancy The Hill's Morning Report - Sponsored by National Industries for the Blind - Trump seeks to flip 'Rage' narrative; Dems block COVID-19 bill GOP senators say coronavirus deal dead until after election MORE (R-Kan.), the chairman of the Senate Agriculture Committee.

Some argue it would be more effective to fight what they see as China’s unfair trade practices through the World Trade Organization (WTO) instead of threatening seismic trade penalties only to shrink away from them when faced with retaliation.

“What I’m concerned is there seems to be a lot of ad hoc-ery going on,” said Sen. Jeff Flake Jeffrey (Jeff) Lane FlakeJeff Flake: Republicans 'should hold the same position' on SCOTUS vacancy as 2016 Republican former Michigan governor says he's voting for Biden Maybe they just don't like cowboys: The president is successful, some just don't like his style MORE (R-Ariz.). “Steel tariffs — you impose them and then go to [foreign trading partners] and say ‘if you want an exemption, this is what you need to do.’ ”

“Then you end up with that ZTE debacle where you promise them some kind of relief from sanctions. We have a structure to this already. It’s called the WTO,” he added.

The ZTE fight has emerged as a flashpoint, and lawmakers grilled Mnuchin about the matter Tuesday when he testified before an appropriations subcommittee.

Sen. Christopher Coons Christopher (Chris) Andrew CoonsMurkowski: Supreme Court nominee should not be taken up before election Battle lines drawn on precedent in Supreme Court fight Sunday shows - Ruth Bader Ginsburg's death dominates MORE (D-Del.) asked why the administration is “backpedaling to make it easier” for ZTE to “operate and compete with U.S. companies.”

Sen. Jerry Moran Gerald (Jerry) MoranLobbying world This World Suicide Prevention Day, let's recommit to protecting the lives of our veterans Hillicon Valley: Zuckerberg acknowledges failure to take down Kenosha military group despite warnings | Election officials push back against concerns over mail-in voting, drop boxes MORE (R-Kan.) asked Mnuchin to “justify” administration actions related to ZTE.

Reports of divisions within Trump’s economic team have widely circulated, including a story about Mnuchin and trade adviser Peter Navarro getting into a profane shouting match on the margins of talks in China.

After Mnuchin said the trade war was on hold, White House chief economic adviser Larry Kudlow and U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer Robert (Bob) Emmet LighthizerWhiskey, workers and friends caught in the trade dispute crossfire GOP senator warns quick vote on new NAFTA would be 'huge mistake' Pelosi casts doubt on USMCA deal in 2019 MORE undercut him by claiming that tariffs are still possible.

“You cannot remove tariffs as a negotiating tool or an enforcement tool from this process,” Kudlow told CNBC’s “Squawk on the Street.” “I don’t think tariffs are over. Far from it.”

Some Republicans think that Mnuchin may be playing the role of “good cop” to Lighthizer’s “bad cop” to maximize leverage in the negotiation. But a senior GOP aide admitted this interpretation was “reading the tea leaves.”

GOP senators were unwilling to bring up their concerns on trade during a meeting last week with Trump, but frustrations are boiling over as they fear U.S. exporters are being hurt by the unpredictability of the administration’s approach.

“I don’t think anything’s been settled yet. It’s still in the development stage. I think we have maybe too many cooks in the kitchen,” Roberts said.

“When people talk about things, they don’t realize how market sensitive it is,” he added, noting that farm commodity prices took a hit earlier this year after China threatened retaliatory measures.

Harper Neidig and Niv Elis contributed.