Many people are aware of the "Aero Wars" of 1969 and 1970 in NASCAR, when Chrysler and Ford reshaped their cars in radical ways to make them go faster. While pushing the bounds of what could plausibly be called "stock" cars, the companies raced—and sold to the public—some of the most outlandish cars ever built in Detroit. And one of the lesser known cars–the Charger 500–is also the rarest of the bunch.

By the mid-1960s, the automakers realized that sheer horsepower was not enough to win on the big tracks of NASCAR. Sure, they could push a car into the 180+ mph range, but at those speeds the cars often became unstable. And there was the problem of diminishing returns. The faster a car is pushed into the air, the more horsepower it needs to get more speed. Chrysler brought in rocket scientists to study the problem and they pointed to the obvious answer: streamlining.

In 1968, Dodge had released a new body style for the Charger. It won awards, sold well, and raced horribly. The car had an indented grille and the rear window was also recessed. In a wind tunnel the car was a catastrophe. Too much air got under the car and the air that went over swirled over the trunk. Someone suggested making the grille flush with the leading edge of the hood and filling in the cavity at the rear. Wind tunnel tests confirmed that this would solve many of the car's problems.

At the time, NASCAR required at least 500 cars to be sold to the public for a car to be considered "stock." When the tests confirmed improvement with the modifications, Dodge gave the go-ahead for the cars to be sold to consumers. Dubbed the "Charger 500," The car was unveiled to the press in June 1968 and then pitched to the NASCAR czar, Bill France. France had no problem with the car being allowed to race except he objected to a spoiler Dodge wanted to place under the car's front bumper.

NASCAR was hesitant about any aerodynamic modifications on the cars.

NASCAR was hesitant about any aerodynamic modifications on the cars which made them look more like race cars and less like street cars (The opposite of today). France met with Chrysler engineers to discuss the Charger 500 and told them his only objection was the front spoiler. John Pointer, an outspoken Chrysler aerodynamicist, noted to France that the car he had driven to the meeting–an Indianapolis "Pace Car" Camaro–had a front spoiler on it. Apparently unware of the fact, France got on his hands and knees in the parking lot to inspect the car's front spoiler.

The memo went out July 18, 1968 to Dodge dealers, telling them the 1969 Dodge Charger 500 would be available in very limited numbers. Initially, dealers were told the car would only be available with the 426 Hemi. Dodge shipped unfinished 1969 Chargers to Creative Industries and let them install the grille, front spoiler, rear window plug, and chrome a-pillar covers which the engineers had also found helpful in the wind tunnel. Dodge also decided to make the car available with a 440. Base price was $3,843 and a Hemi would bump that up by $648. Most experts think the cars were sold at a loss.

But somewhere along the line, Dodge either lost interest in building the street cars or someone noticed that France wasn't counting how many cars were actually being built. Most agree that only 392 Charger 500s were built and sold to the public. And for those who are curious, none of those were ever raced. The cars NASCAR drivers and others raced were simply the ones they had been racing when the modifications were announced. Chrysler sent the parts necessary to turn a regular Charger into a 500 to the teams racing the Chargers and they simply upgraded their rides.

Everyone knows the rest of the story: The Charger 500 did not dominate or compete at the level Chrysler had hoped. They pulled out all the stops in their next effort when they built and sold the Dodge Charger Daytona with its nosecone and huge wing. That one was sold in appropriate numbers for NASCAR homologation, with 503 turned loose on the streets. And while those are highly sought after in the collector market, many people have forgotten that the interim Charger 500 is actually a rarer car. And the prices of the 500s are climbing. They will probably never reach the values of their winged brethren but a nicely maintained example sold at auction in 2014 for $181,500. Not bad for a car which retailed for $5,821.91.

Steve Lehto is a writer and attorney from Michigan. He specializes in Lemon Law and frequently writes about cars and the law. His most recent books include Preston Tucker and His Battle to Build the Car of Tomorrow, and Dodge Daytona and Plymouth Superbird: Design, Development, Production and Competition. He also has a podcast where he talks about these things.

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