(A) Weight of animals on normal chow versus HFD throughout the 10 weeks of feeding (N = 45 per feeding group, Error bars = SEM).

(B) Weights for each group of animals sacrificed at each zeitgeber time (N = 5 per feeding group per zeitgeber time, Error bars = SEM).

(C) Representative hematoxylin and eosin stain of livers after 10 weeks of HFD feeding.

(D) Oil Red O stain of livers after 10 weeks of HF feeding.

(E) Liver triglyceride accumulation in normal chow and HFD-fed groups after 10 weeks of feeding (N = 5 livers per group per time point; p = 0.0079 Mann Whitney Test).

(F) Blood glucose concentrations of mice after 16 hr of fasting (0 min) and then 15, 30, 45, 60, and 120 min following IP glucose injections. Open squares, normal chow; closed triangles, HFD (Diet Effect, p < 0.001; Time Effect, p < 0.001; Two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni post-test).

(G) Respiratory exchange ratio (RER; VCO 2 /VO 2 ) throughout the circadian cycle in animals fed a normal chow or high fat diet for 10 weeks.

(H) Average circadian food intake patterns of animals on a normal chow versus a HFD for 10 weeks. (n = 8 animals per feeding condition.)

(I) Food intake in kcal per mouse (left panel) and normalized to total body weight (middle panel) during the light and dark phase. Percent of total calories consumed during the day and during the night (right panel) for animals on the normal chow or HFD for 10 weeks. Data are averaged from 8 animals per feeding condition.