Kim Jong-un did not address the crowd and celebrations more subdued than usual as talks continue with the US

North Korea staged a huge military parade on Sunday to mark 70 years since the country’s founding, but avoided jeopardising ongoing talks with the United States by not displaying its most powerful weapons and making no mention of its nuclear program.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest North Korean tanks roll past during a parade for North Korea’s 70th anniversary. Photograph: Kin Cheung/AP

The country’s leader, Kim Jong-un, attended the march, but did not address the crowd which was estimated to be about 50,000, according to the Associated Press and CNN. Kim Yong-nam, head of North Korea’s parliament, delivered a speech that focused on the economy.

Kim Jong-un watched the parade with the head of China’s parliament, Li Zhanshu, and “they locked hands and raised arms at the end”, CNN reported. The speaker of the Russian parliament’s upper house, Valentina Matvienko, also attended.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest Kim Jong-un meeting Valentina Ivanovna Matvienko, chairwoman of the Russian Federation Council in Pyongyang. Photograph: STR/AFP/Getty Images

US president Donald Trump saluted Kim on Sunday for holding the parade “without the customary display of nuclear missiles”.

Trump tweeted: “This is a big and very positive statement from North Korea. Thank you to Chairman Kim. We will both prove everyone wrong! There is nothing like good dialogue from two people that like each other! Much better than before I took office.”

About 12,000 mostly goose-stepping soldiers took part in the display of martial might that did not include intercontinental ballistic or medium range missiles. North Korea has claimed its ICBMs are capable of striking the US mainland and their appearance at the parade would have been seen as a provocation.

North Korea regularly hold military parades, but this event was far more subdued compared with those in the past, likely to avoid angering the US as negotiations continue over the North’s nuclear weapons program. Talks have stalled since Kim Jong-un and Donald Trump met in June, with the US demanding unilateral denuclearisation before it makes any concessions and North Korea requiring security guarantees, including a formal peace treaty for the 1950-53 Korean war.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest Kim Jong-un and Li Zhanshu, China’s third highest ranking official, wave to the crowd during a parade celebrating the 70th anniversary of North Korea’s foundation. Photograph: How Hwee Young/EPA

“Displaying ICBMs this year during diplomatic processes would have been too provocative,” Duyeon Kim, a senior fellow at the Center for New American Security, wrote on Twitter. “Still, a signal that [North Korea] is continuing to play nice for now [and] being mindful. It’ll likely put ball back in US court.”

Some tanks featured anti-American slogans, as in past years, including one that read: “Destroy the US imperialist aggressors! The sworn enemy of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,” according to a photo from the NK News website that referred to North Korean by its formal name.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest Participants wave flowers as they march past a balcony from where North Korea’s leader Kim Jong-un was watching. Photograph: Ed Jones/AFP/Getty Images

After a smaller parade featuring tanks, fewer than the usual number of missiles and lots of goose-stepping units from all branches of the military, along with some students and others, the focus switched to civilian groups, ranging from nurses to construction workers, many with colorful floats beside them.

The “new line” of putting economic development first has been Kim’s top priority this year. He claims to have perfected his nuclear arsenal enough to deter US aggression and devote his resources to raising the nation’s standard of living.

This year’s celebrations also mark the revival of North Korea’s mass games after a five-year hiatus. The mass games involve tens of thousands of people holding up placards or dancing in precise unison and are intended to be a display of national unity. This year’s spectacle, tickets for which start at just over $100 and go up to more than $800 per seat, also has a strong economic theme.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest Performers take part in a concert featuring three of North Korea’s top musical ensembles, the State Merited Chorus army choir, the Samjiyon Orchestra and the Mansudae Art Troupe. Photograph: Ed Jones/AFP/Getty Images

The economy was also a big part of a concert held on the eve of the anniversary for foreign dignitaries and a large foreign media contingent allowed in for the events.

Facebook Twitter Pinterest People watch a TV screen showing North Korean leader Kim Jong-un, centre, visiting the Kumsusan Palace of the Sun. Photograph: Ahn Young-joon/AP

Facebook Twitter Pinterest Performers take part in a concert at the Pyongyang indoor stadium. North Korea began celebrating its 70th birthday with a concert showcasing its achievements. Photograph: Ed Jones/AFP/Getty Images

Facebook Twitter Pinterest Members of the Chongbong band at Pyongyang indoor stadium. Photograph: Ed Jones/AFP/Getty Images

Facebook Twitter Pinterest Performers at a concert in Pyongyang. At such events in North Korea performers normally play in front of a giant screen displaying the country’s successes. Photograph: Ed Jones/AFP/Getty Images

Facebook Twitter Pinterest North Korean children dance in a kindergarten during a media tour for foreign journalists of a farm on the outskirts of Pyongyang, North Korea. Photograph: How Hwee Young/EPA

The Associated Press contributed to this report