Though the two-thirds of the surface of the earth consist of water, the actual water resources that can be used by humans are not enough.



According to information available, the number of residents living in the areas with scarce water is expected to increase to 3.6 billion in 2025.



Last year, the UN issued a report that over two billion people suffered water shortage throughout the world. There is an estimate that nearly 40 percent of the world’s population will live in water-scarce regions by 2050.



Last year a foreign research institute said in a report that about a quarter of the world’s population were suffering an acute water shortage.



In the course of assessing the water resources in 189 countries and regions around the world, it discovered that the annual water consumption in 17 countries and regions is more than 80 percent of the total amount of available water resources and defined it as a serious water scarcity.



Experts find the main cause of water shortage in population growth and climate change.



They pay particular attention to climate change.



According to the data published on December 3 last year by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the periods between 2015 and 2019 and between 2010 and 2019 were the hottest five years and decade in the light of the mean temperature since the beginning of meteorological observation.



The secretary general of the WMO asserted that if every country does not take emergency measures from now on, temperature would rise by more than 3 degrees centigrade at the end of the present century.



A report, which was issued in October last year by the UN inter-governmental committee on climate change, said that attaining the below 1.5°C goal will halve the number of people suffering from water shortage across the world as compared to achieving the below 2°C goal.

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