The Federal Government has announced sweeping changes to the nation's citizenship laws, with Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull declaring that new arrivals must prize "Australian values" and prove their commitment to the nation.

Key points: Migrants with a history of family violence, organised crime could be banned

Migrants with a history of family violence, organised crime could be banned English language test will contain more components

English language test will contain more components Permanent residents' eligibility for citizenship application will increase to four years

Opposition Leader Bill Shorten said many of the proposals were reasonable but Labor also described the changes as pandering to the right wing of the Liberal Party.

The new measures would see migrants face a tougher citizenship test which will assess their commitment to Australia and their attitudes to religious freedom and gender equality.

Those with a history of family violence or organised crime could also be barred from citizenship.

Applicants will be asked to demonstrate that they have integrated into Australian society, for example by joining clubs or by providing evidence that they are employed and their children are in school.

A more stringent English language test will also be introduced, which will include "reading, writing and listening" components.

Migrants who become permanent residents will also have to wait four years before they can apply for citizenship — instead of the at least one-year wait at the moment.

If an applicant fails the test three times they will have to wait another two years before they can sit it again.

The Coalition will have to pass the changes through Parliament but if they do, those who apply for citizenship from today will be subject to the new rules.

Test to focus on 'Australian values'

Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull said the Federal Government was "putting Australian values at the heart of citizenship processes and requirements".

"Membership of the Australian family is a privilege and should be afforded to those who support our values, respect our laws and want to work hard by integrating and contributing to an even better Australia," Mr Turnbull said.

The Government has not decided exactly how it will assess "Australian values" in the citizenship test, saying it will consult with the public before it settles on the questions it will ask.

The test will focus heavily on respect for women and children, with possible questions about child marriage, female genital mutilation and domestic violence.

Mr Turnbull said the changes would be "empowering for applicants" and called on Labor to support them, rather than "rush off into the realm of their political correctness".

"Fundamentally, the values that bind us together are those ones of respect, the rule of law, commitment to freedom, democracy … and our citizenship should reflect this."

Sorry, this video has expired Dutton outlines changes to citizenship test

Immigration Minister Peter Dutton admitted there was no way to stop applicants from lying about their criminal history when applying for citizenship.

"The fact that somebody might fudge an answer on a test or an application is no argument against us asking people if you want to become an Australian citizen, abide by our laws and our norms," Mr Dutton said.

The Government, he said, wanted applicants to view citizenship as a "big prize".

Labor: Some changes seem 'reasonable'

Mr Shorten said he had not been briefed on the full changes by the Government but would consider them carefully.

"I think it is reasonable to look for English language proficiency and I think it is reasonable to have some period of time before you become an Australian citizen," he said.

Earlier, Labor senator Penny Wong said the changes appeared to be designed for primarily political purposes.

"This looks to me like the change you make when you want people to notice," Senator Wong told AM.

"One suspects that Malcolm Turnbull is having a much greater focus on Tony Abbott or perhaps One Nation than any real or substantive changes here."

Senator Wong said the citizenship test was already in English and had been largely designed by former Liberal prime minister John Howard.

"If English grammar is the test, there might be a few members of parliament that may struggle," Senator Wong said.