Introduction

Drug traffickers operate in almost every country in the world but there are some particularly well worn routes from areas which produce drugs to markets where demand is high. These maps aim to show the main routes to the UK, rather than all the world’s routes. Source: UN World Drugs Report 2005, unless otherwise stated. COCAINE Colombia: Source country

Main drug: Cocaine; Also: Opium

Key facts: 50% of world coca cultivation, 2004; 390 tons of potential cocaine production, 2004; 145 tons of cocaine seized in 2003 (29% of world cocaine seizures) Peru: Source country

Main drug: Cocaine

Key facts: 32% of world coca cultivation, 2004; 190 tons of potential cocaine production, 2004; 8 tons of cocaine seized in 2003 (2% of world cocaine seizures) Bolivia: Source country

Main drug: Cocaine

Key facts: 18% of world coca cultivation, 2004; 107 tons of potential cocaine production, 2004; 13 tons of cocaine seized in 2003; 3% of world cocaine seizures, 2003 Jamaica: Transit and source country

Main drugs: Cocaine, cannabis

Key facts: "Jamaica and several other Caribbean countries are routes for drug smuggling by air, often by couriers." UNODC; 1.5 tons of cocaine seized in 2003; 6% of countries named it as a source of cannabis resin in a UN survey HEROIN Afghanistan:Source country

Main drug: Opium / heroin; Also: Cannabis resin

Key facts: 4,200 tons opium production, 2004; 87% of world opium production, 2004; 500 tons potential heroin production, 2004; 10% of population is involved in opium cultivation Iran:Transit country

Main drug: Opium / heroin

Key facts: 97.5 tons of opium seized in 2003 (73% of world opium seizures); 16 tons of heroin seized in 2003 (17% of world heroin seizures) Pakistan: Source and transit country

Main drug: Opium/ heroin; Also: Cannabis resin

Key facts: 40 tons opium production, 2004; 5.8 tons of opium seized in 2003 (4% of world opium seizures); 34 tons of heroin seized in 2003 (35% of world heroin seizures). Turkey: Processing and transit country

Main drug: Heroin

Key facts: 5.7 tons of heroin seized in 2003 (6% of world heroin seizures); 30% of Europe's heroin seizures; 14.7 tons of heroin seized in 2004 (preliminary data) ECSTASY / AMPHETAMINES Netherlands: Source and transit country

Main drugs: Cannabis, ecstasy, amphetamines, cocaine Key facts: 17.5 tons of cocaine seized in 2003 (4% of world cocaine seizures); 1.2 tons of ecstasy seized in 2003 (28% of world ecstasy seizures) Belgium: Source country

Main drugs: Ecstasy, amphetamines Key facts: 23% of countries named Belgium as source of ecstasy and 24% as a source of amphetamines in UN survey 2003; 58,278 ecstasy tablets seized in 2003 Poland and Czech Republic: Source countries

Main drug: Amphetamine Key facts: 43% of European countries named Poland as a source of amphetamines: 9% of European countries named Czech Republic as a source of amphetamines, among 23 countries responding to UN survey CANNABIS Morocco: Source country

Main drug: Cannabis resin Key facts: "Morocco supplies 80% of the resin consumed in Europe", UNODC; 2,760 tons estimated cannabis resin production in 2004; 96 tons of cannabis resin seized in 2003 (7% of world cannabis resin seizures) South Africa, Gambia and Ghana: Source countries

Main drug: Cannabis leaf Key facts: The Netherlands supplies most of the UK’s imported cannabis leaf but these countries also feature as sources., HM Revenue & Customs; 33 tons cannabis leaf seized in South Africa in 2003 UK: Source country

Main drug: Cannabis leaf Key facts: Domestically produced cannabis currently accounts for over 50% of the UK Market, Independent Drugs Monitoring Unit; 21 tons of cocaine seized in 2003/04; 1.6 tons of heroin seized in 2003/04; 1.2 tons of ecstasy seized in 2003/04; 58 tons of cannabis seized in 2003/04. All seizure UK figures are from HM Revenue and Customs Routes shown are general indications of the directions of illicit drug flows and are not intended to show exact routes. Source: UNODC