Cyprus, Greece, Israel and Italy on Tuesday (5 December) signed a memorandum of understanding to build the world’s longest underwater natural gas pipeline to supply Europe.

“The project will secure a direct long-term export route from Israel and Cyprus to Greece, Italy and other European markets… thereby strengthening EU’s security of supply,” a joint statement said.

It said the four states would also pool resources on studies for the construction and operation of the ambitious project, which is seen as technically and financially viable.

The pipeline to supply Europe with natural gas will be some 2,000 kilometres long, and is estimated to cost approximately €5 billion. It will have an annual capacity of 10-16 billion cubic feet, and could be completed by 2025.

Israeli energy minister Yuval Steinitz and his Cyprus and Greece counterparts, George Lakkotrypis and Giorgos Stathakis, attended the ceremony, as did the Italian ambassador to Cyprus, Andrea Cavallari.

The European Commission’s Deputy Director-General for Energy, Christopher Jones, was also present.

Italy, Greece, Cyprus and Israel eye longest offshore gas pipeline Italy, Israel, Greece and Cyprus pledged today (3 April) to move ahead with the world’s longest undersea gas pipeline from the eastern Mediterranean to southern Europe, with support from the European Union.

In April, representatives of the EU and the four nations signed a joint declaration to back the project to export gas to Europe from Israel’s Leviathan field and Cyprus’s Aphrodite bloc.

They decided to establish a working group to promote an interstate agreement, which could happen as early as spring 2018, during a meeting scheduled to be held on Crete.

The pipeline would connect the Leviathan field via the Aphrodite field, Crete, mainland Greece and Italy. It could become a more profitable venture if Israel and Cyprus discover additional major gas fields, thus lowering costs, although critics have pointed out that the price of gas and falling costs of renewable energy currently casts doubt on its financial viability.

Cyprus is currently the only EU member state that is not connected to another bloc member by either gas or electricity connections, which is not in keeping with the targets of the Energy Union.

In October, Nicosia and Athens agreed to press on with another large-scale energy project, the EuroAsia electricity cable, which would link Greece to Israel via Cyprus and Crete.

With a significantly shorter construction time, the 1,500km-long 2,000MW cable could be up and running by 2022. Costs are estimated to be around the €3.5bn mark.

Cyprus set to come in from the cold and end energy isolation Cyprus is due to end its energy isolation after it agreed with fellow EU member Greece to press on with an undersea electricity cable, which will also link the island to Israel in the hope of tapping into significant gas reserves in the eastern Mediterranean.