Scientists have discovered “alien” minerals at the site of a prehistoric meteor strike on Scotland’s remote Isle of Skye.

Geologists from Birkbeck, University of London, were part of a team examining volcanic rocks on Skye when they spotted mineral forms from a meteor impact that have never been found on Earth before. The scientists’ findings have been published in the journal GeoScienceWorld.

Specifically, the team found osbornite, which had previously been collected as space dust on a NASA mission. Initially, the scientists thought they were looking at a volcanic flow deposit called ignimbrite, but when they used an electron microprobe, they found the rare space material.

“When we discovered what it was we were very surprised and it was a bit of a shock because we were not expecting that,” Dr. Andy Beard, a lecturer at Birkbeck’s Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, said in a statement.

The researchers were examining the base of a 60 million-year-old lava flow when they discovered the osbornite. Because the mineral form was unmelted, it’s likely to be an original piece of the meteorite, according to the geologists.

The area where the discovery was made is steep and very boggy, which may have deterred previous researchers from exploring the site, according to Dr. Simon Drake, associate lecturer at the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences. “We were sinking in up to our thighs. I distinctly recall saying to Andy Beard, ‘this had better be worth it.’ It was worth it,” he said in the statement.

Experts say the find raises questions about where the meteorite hit and whether its impact triggered an outpouring of volcanic lava that started at the same time.

A second site 4.3 miles away also revealed the same unusual mineral makeup in what is known as “ejecta” — material ejected from a crater.