JAKARTA, INDONESIA—A Nobel laureate and Muslim nations in Asia criticized Burma’s persecution of its Rohingya Muslim minority as thousands in Indonesia and elsewhere staged angry protests against Aung San Suu Kyi and her government.

At least 87,000 refugees from Burma’s western Rakhine state have fled to neighbouring Bangladesh since violence escalated in late August, according to the United Nations, overwhelming existing camps for the displaced.

Malala Yousafzai, the youngest person to win the Nobel Peace Prize, said her “heart breaks” at the suffering of Rohingya Muslims and urged Burma’s leader, a fellow Nobel laureate, to condemn the violence against the Rohingya minority.

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“Over the last several years I have repeatedly condemned this tragic and shameful treatment,” she said in a statement posted on Twitter. “I am still waiting for my fellow Nobel Laureate Aung San Suu Kyi to do the same. The world is waiting and the Rohingya Muslims are waiting.”

As protests erupted across the region, some wondered whether the Nobel Committee, which conferred the honour on Suu Kyi in 1991, would publicly criticize her or could even revoke the prize.

Suu Kyi has been conspicuously silent on the Rohingya issue, and when pressed by reporters, she has toed the military’s official line, which contends that the Rohingya are illegally squatting inside Burma.

“No, it’s not ethnic cleansing,” she said in a rare interview on the subject in 2013.

The latest eruption of violence in Rakhine state has killed more than 400 people and triggered an exodus of Rohingya into Bangladesh. It began after insurgents attacked Burma police and paramilitary posts in what they said was an effort to protect their ethnic minority from persecution by security forces in the majority Buddhist country.

In response, Burma’s military unleashed what it called “clearance operations.” Human Rights Watch says satellite imagery shows 700 buildings were burned in the Rohingya Muslim village of Chein Khar Li, just one of 17 locations in Rakhine state where the rights group has documented burning of homes and property.

Burma denies citizenship to Rohingya, who have lived in the country for generations, and the group has frequently faced hostility and violence from the Buddhist majority, often fanned by hard-line monks and inflammatory comments from officials.

Reports of killings by security forces and images of lines of people including children and the elderly attempting to cross the swampy border into Bangladesh have sparked anger and battered the reputation of Suu Kyi, previously lionized for her decades of resistance to Burma’s former military rulers.

Tens of thousands of people took to the streets in Russia’s predominantly Muslim Chechnya to protest what the Chechen leader called “genocide of Muslims” in Burma.

Indonesian President Joko “Jokowi” Widodo has called for an end to violence in Rakhine state and sent his foreign minister to Burma where she with met Monday with Suu Kyi and armed forces commander Min Aung Hlaing.

Interviewed by Indonesian TV after the meeting, Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi sidestepped questions about domestic pressure in the world’s most populous Muslim nation to sever diplomatic ties with Burma.

She said Burma security authorities need to immediately stop all violence in Rakhine and allow Indonesia and other Southeast Asian nations to assist with humanitarian aid distribution. Suu Kyi responded positively to a five-point Indonesian plan to stabilize the situation, Marsudi said.

“God willing, we would be able to directly help the Rohingya refugees,” Marsudi said. “The priority is the safety of the Rohingya refugees.”

Pakistan’s foreign ministry said it is deeply concerned by reports of growing numbers of deaths and the forced displacement of Rohingya Muslims. It urged Burma’s government to investigate reports of massacres and to hold those involved accountable.

Several hundred Muslim women demonstrated outside Burma’s embassy in the Indonesian capital Jakarta on Monday, calling for the government to take a tougher stance against persecution of the Rohingya.

Dozens of armed police are guarding the embassy, which is cordoned behind barbed wire, after a Molotov cocktail was thrown at it over the weekend.

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Protesters, organized by an Islamic group called Friends of Muslim Rohingya, shouted “Save Rohingya,” and held big banners that read, “Unite the people to free Rohingya Muslims” and “Stop Muslim genocide in Myanmar (Burma)!”

Protests were also staged in other major Indonesian cities including Bandung and Surabaya.

Over the weekend, protesters in Jakarta set fire to a poster of Suu Kyi outside the Burma embassy and further protests are set for this week. Local media reported that one group plans to stage a protest at Borobudur, a famous ancient Buddhist temple in central Java.

“The world remains silent in the face of the massacre of Rohingya Muslims,” said Farida, an organizer of Monday’s protest who uses a single name.

“They have been tortured and killed like animals by Buddhists in Myanmar (Burma),” she told the crowd outside the embassy. “We demand the government puts pressure on the Buddhist government of Myanmar (Burma). We demand mobilization of our military to rescue the Rohingya.”

With files from the New York Times

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