Senators hammered Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross Wilbur Louis RossTrump admin asks Supreme Court to fast-track excluding people in U.S. illegally from census Trump 'very happy' to allow TikTok to operate in US if security concerns resolved TikTok, WeChat to be banned Sunday from US app stores MORE Wednesday over the Trump administration's tariffs during a contentious hearing on Capitol Hill.

Ross faced a wall of bipartisan criticism with senators questioning President Trump Donald John TrumpBiden on Trump's refusal to commit to peaceful transfer of power: 'What country are we in?' Romney: 'Unthinkable and unacceptable' to not commit to peaceful transition of power Two Louisville police officers shot amid Breonna Taylor grand jury protests MORE's trade actions and expressing fears over retaliation from trading partners.

On the hot seat, Ross defended the tariffs as necessary to protect American businesses.

“Actions taken by the president are necessary to revive America’s essential steel and aluminum industries," Ross told lawmakers on the Senate Finance Committee. “Allowing imports to continue unchecked threatens to impair our national security."

The heated hearing comes as lawmakers in both parties have raised alarm over Trump's moves in recent weeks to implement a series of tariffs on China as well as U.S. allies, including Canada, Mexico and the European Union.

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Those tariffs have rattled markets and sparked anger in the business community, which has warned they could lead to job losses, damage growth and undercut any gains from the GOP tax law.

At the hearing, Senate Finance Committee Chairman Orrin Hatch Orrin Grant HatchBottom line Bottom line Senate GOP divided over whether they'd fill Supreme Court vacancy MORE (R-Utah) targeted tariffs put in place under Section 232, which allows the administration to take trade actions to protect national security.

"The lessons of the steel and aluminum tariffs are clear — these tariffs do not support U.S. national security," Hatch told Ross.

Hatch shared stories about how other businesses in the broader economy are being affected by the metal tariffs.

"I just don’t see how the damage posed on all of these sectors could possibly advance our national security," Hatch told Ross.

"Instead, they harm American manufacturers, damage our economy, hurt American consumers, and disrupt our relationship with our long-time allies while giving China a free pass," he said.

Hatch also said he was shocked when the White House called for an investigation into whether tariffs are needed on auto imports for national security reasons.

“I'm shocked that anyone would consider making it more expensive,” he said.

"A car isn’t a can of soup, Mr. Secretary,” he added, taking a jab at Ross.

Earlier this year, Ross held up soup and beer cans during a television interview and argued the metal tariffs would only cost pennies per can and not raise consumer prices.

Republican Sen. Johnny Isakson Johnny IsaksonLobbying world Loeffler paints herself as 'more conservative than Attila the Hun' in new campaign ad Georgia GOP Senate candidates cite abortion in pushing Ginsburg replacement MORE (Ga.), whose state is home to soft drink giant Coca-Cola argued otherwise.

"That pennies a can is a penny times a billion for billions of cans of Coca-Cola and other products they produce that are sold every single day," Isakson told Ross.

"We're getting into a war that going to cost lots of billions of dollars," he continued. "We need to make sure we know where we're going before find out we got there and it's the wrong place to be."

Tuesday's hearing showcased the mounting frustration over Trump's trade actions in Congress.

“I wish we would stop invoking national security, because that’s not what this is about,” said Sen. Pat Toomey Patrick (Pat) Joseph ToomeyAppeals court rules NSA's bulk phone data collection illegal Dunford withdraws from consideration to chair coronavirus oversight panel GOP senators push for quick, partial reopening of economy MORE (R-Pa.). “This is about economic nationalism.”

In March, Trump imposed tariffs of 25 percent on imported steel and 10 percent on aluminum products. In late May, Trump lifted a temporary exemption for the tariffs on Canada, Mexico and the EU, all of which have or are planning to retaliate.

“What is it about the Canadian steel industry that is a national security threat?” Sen. Michael Bennet Michael Farrand BennetOVERNIGHT ENERGY: House Democrats tee up vote on climate-focused energy bill next week | EPA reappoints controversial leader to air quality advisory committee | Coronavirus creates delay in Pentagon research for alternative to 'forever chemicals' Senate Democrats demand White House fire controversial head of public lands agency Next crisis, keep people working and give them raises MORE (D-Colo.) asked Ross.

Ross said that while the U.S. does have a trade surplus in steel with Canada the administration's strategy is to stop China from sending their products through other countries that receive better tariff treatment.

“The only way we’re going to solve the global steel overcapacity is getting all the countries to play ball with us,” Ross said.

He acknowledged that allies are "complaining bitterly" about the tariffs, but Ross also said they are finally taking action, including by implementing safeguards against Chinese steel in their supply chains.

Toomey who has signed on to a bill from Sen. Bob Corker Robert (Bob) Phillips CorkerHas Congress captured Russia policy? Tennessee primary battle turns nasty for Republicans Cheney clashes with Trump MORE (R-Tenn.) to give Congress more authority over Trump's trade actions called the moves against allied trading partners "a wholly inappropriate use of tariffs."

Senators blocked that bill last week though when Corker tried to attach it to an annual defense policy bill.

Corker has said that he is hopeful senators will give the legislation a second look.

Sen. Ron Wyden Ronald (Ron) Lee WydenDemocrats call for declassifying election threats after briefing by Trump officials Read Democrats' report countering Republicans' Biden investigation Top GOP senators say Hunter Biden's work 'cast a shadow' over Obama Ukraine policy MORE (D-Ore.), the panel's ranking member, also criticized the process of excluding important products needed by American businesses from tariffs.

He said small businesses "believe they are being held hostage in a bureaucratic twilight zone waiting to see if they're going to escape," calling the process slow and difficult.

He quoted a top Commerce official who said in a report Wednesday that the exclusion process would be "unbelievably random" and that some companies are "going to get screwed."

"Every week it seems like there is more and more bedlam," he said.

Ross said there have been delays in hiring the people needed but dismissed the report.

He also Ross said that it would be "impossible" to commit to a specific timetable to deal with the applications because requests were still being received.

Trump has also said he will impose tariffs on $50 billion of Chinese imports. Beijing retaliated with their own batch of duties on U.S. products leading Trump to up the ante Monday. Trump said he would ask officials to produce a list of tariffs for another $200 billion in Chinese goods, which stunned Congress and business groups.

"The basic strategy is to try to bring enough pressure on parties who are not behaving appropriately," Ross told lawmakers.

But Sen. John Thune John Randolph ThuneOvernight Defense: Stopgap spending measure awaits Senate vote | Trump nominates former Nunes aide for intelligence community watchdog | Trump extends ban on racial discrimination training to contractors, military Remote work poses state tax challenges Senate GOP sees early Supreme Court vote as political booster shot MORE (S.D.), a member of Republican leadership, expressed skepticism and said he worried about the effect of tit-for-tat tariffs.

"This thing seems to be escalating out of control fairly quickly," he said.