SpaceX and Boeing have received $2.6 and $4.2 billion awards, respectively, as part of NASA’s Commercial Crew transportation Capability program, CCtCap. Each company is guaranteed at least two and up to six paid crew rotation flights. Boeing received an order last May for its CST-100 Starliner spacecraft. NASA had indicated as early as January that Boeing would receive the first ATP, or Authority To Proceed, because of the longer lead time in booking a launch slot for the CST-100's Atlas V rocket. NASA continues to stress it has not chosen which company will fly to the station first.

As part of the announcement, NASA said again that its commercial crew schedule was subject to congressional funding. "If, however, NASA does not receive the full requested funding for CCtCap contracts in fiscal year 2016 and beyond," read the press release, "the agency will be forced to delay future milestones for both U.S. companies and continue its sole reliance on Russia to transport American astronauts to the space station."

NASA says seats on the Russian Soyuz spacecraft cost $81 million, while the price of flying an astronaut on the Crew Dragon or CST-100 Starliner is lower, at $58 million. NASA asked for $1.24 billion in commercial crew funding as part of its fiscal year 2016 budget request. However, both the House and the Senate offered less than that during the appropriations process. The government is currently operating under a continuing resolution, which funds programs at their fiscal year 2015 levels through mid-December (commercial crew received $805 million last year).

In the meantime, NASA astronauts Doug Hurley, Sunita Williams and Bob Behnken took a trip to SpaceX’s Hawthorne, California headquarters to train inside a Crew Dragon mockup. All three, along with Eric Boe, have been selected as candidates for initial crewed Dragon and CST-100 flights.