Scientists have tested the chip's immune response, and it behaves just like real tissue would, a first step to having lifelike organ systems on which drugs can act. The chip's primary developer, biomedical engineer Dongeun (Dan) Huh of Harvard University, hopes that within two years, the chip will succeed in mimicking the process by which the lungs swap oxygen for carbon dioxide. Huh would like to create a suite of artificial organs to be used in cosmetics testing and pharmaceutical safety trials.