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All public and private gatherings are now banned in Orange County, with a long list of exemptions allowing people to continue getting food and other services, as officials join other California counties seeking to slow the spread of coronavirus.

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By late Tuesday night, the order had created confusion and Orange County CEO Frank Kim said county officials would update the order Wednesday to clarify that people can still go to work. Click here for an update on the order.

The measures were set in place by an order from the county health officer, which officials released just before 3 p.m. and took effect immediately.

It prohibits “All public and private gatherings of any number of people, including at places of work, occurring outside a single household or living unit.”

The order makes exceptions allowing people to continue to perform “essential activities.”

The “essential activities” allowed to continue include:

Services allowing for continued government operations and public health and safety

Law enforcement, medical workers, first responders, and court workers

Grocery stores, farmer’s markets, convenience stores, food banks, food distribution workers, and stores that sell household products

Banks, gas stations, laundromats, plumbers and electrician

Food cultivation, including farming, livestock, and fishing

Restaurants and food preparation services, but only for take out or delivery

Child care facilities operating under specific conditions

Legal, accounting and other professional services

Numerous other services listed in the order.

[Click here for the full order.]

“We are taking these mitigation steps in line with a directive issued by Governor Newsom to help slow the spread of COVID-19,” said Dr. Nichole Quick, the county health officer who issued the order, in a statement released with it by county officials.

“We recognize community members may experience anxiety related to the social disruption caused by COVID-19, and want to encourage residents to reach out to loved ones using appropriate methods like telephone, video messaging, email and text.”

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Officials emphasized Tuesday that the food supply chain is okay, and that grocery stores will remain open. Even in nations hit hard by coronavirus – such as Italy – grocery stores, pharmacies and banks have remained open with access to food.

For now, the Orange County order lasts until the end of the month, though officials say it can be extended and changed at any time and have indicated that’s likely. Experts advising the White House said they do not expect coronavirus’ spread to slow down in the U.S. until July or August at the earliest, and on Tuesday county officials said it will be at least another two months.

The measures come as communities across the nation and around the world seek to slow the spread of a virus that infectious disease experts say could kill 2 million Americans if nothing is done.

The emphasis on “social distancing” – people staying at least 6 feet from each other – stems largely from research on measures credited with significantly reducing deaths in St. Louis during the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic. The new coronavirus spreads from person to person, and infections can double every few days.

As of Tuesday, the virus had killed 3,111 people in the Hubei province of China and 2,503 people in Italy, where 345 people died in a recent 24-hour period.

As of 4 p.m. Tuesday, officials reported 29 people had tested positive for coronavirus in Orange County, though officials say the true number will rise as more testing is performed because testing has been rationed amid short supplies.

Eight of the Orange County cases were believed to be acquired locally as of Tuesday evening, up from four as of Monday evening.

The pace of new coronavirus cases in China have slowed significantly since social distancing and other health measures were put in place about two months ago.

The Orange County order is modeled on moves by seven Bay Area counties, whose orders went into effect at midnight after they were issued. The Bay Area has had significantly more coronavirus cases than OC, though the number of known cases in OC has been ticking up – to 22 as of Tuesday morning – as more testing is performed.

State and local officials said they’re hoping the public will voluntarily comply with the health order. It can be enforced civilly and criminally, but officials said they hope for cooperation.

Quick also urged the public to stay in contact with people currently being isolated, saying it was important to maintain social contact. Health officials at the federal, state and local level have urged the public to keep six foot separation from others as much as possible.

After days of concern about empty shelves at certain grocery stores, health officials said Tuesday the food supply chain is ultimately fine and called on the public to not buy more than necessary.

“Panic buying should stop. The food chain is good. There’s no shortage,” said Richard Sanchez, the county’s health director.

There’s temporary shortages at stores, but “what we’re hearing is, the supply chain is not the issue,” said county CEO Frank Kim.

They also said they fully expect grocery stores to stay open. Grocery stores have remained open in countries in far worse stages of coronavirus outbreaks

“I do not believe [grocery stores will close], because people need food. That’s an essential,” Sanchez said.

[Click here for the latest, as of Monday evening, on closures and other impacts of coronavirus in Orange County.]

Several county supervisors, such as Supervisor Don Wagner, publicly questioned Tuesday morning whether Quick should issue such a health order, pointing to the concerns it will generate.

Wagner questioned Gov. Gavin Newsom’s recent direction, criticizing the state capital saying, “they make it up as they go along in Sacramento.”

Richard Sanchez, director of the Orange County’s public health agency, responded by emphasizing health officials know that key action now is essential to limiting community spread of the virus.

Nick Gerda covers county government for Voice of OC. You can contact him at ngerda@voiceofoc.org.