Marly limestone and dolomite associated with Mesozoic siliceous rocks and arenaceous rocks form the geologic underlayer, originating mainly brown and lithic soils.

Petters, "Paralic Arenaceous foraminifera from upper Cretaceous of the Benue Trough, Nigeria," Acta Paleont.

(iv) Tuscan and Umbria Nappe complex: Triassic-Lower Miocene arenaceous and clayey-marly formations, calcareous-siliceous rocks, dolostone, and anhydrites.

The most widespread lithotypes are limestones and dolomites (34%), alluvial sediments and clays (22%), volcanic rocks (18%), and flysch deposits and arenaceous assemblages (17%) (Geoportale Nazionale, 2016).

(0 to 29 m) and is described as a white, friable sandstone with well-rounded quartz grains; may contain scattered masses of calcite, celestite, and dolomite; and is interbedded with arenaceous dolomite with bands of chert (Wolfe, 2013).

According to these authors, this suballiance should include the pioneer, acidophilous, oligotrophic communities of the Bromion erecti on marly-clayey and arenaceous substrata; it was distinguished from the Polygalo-Bromenion BIONDI et al.

A three-fold subdivision of the Abbottabad Formation has emerged through this study; a) lower arenaceous unit (dominantly quartzite with subordinate pebbly conglomerate sandstone and siltstone) b) middle dolomitic unit (dominantly dolomite with subordinate quartzite siltstone and conglomerate) and c) upper quartzite unit.

In its middle part greenish grey to grayish shale has two interclations of thin bedded arenaceous unfossiliferous limestone and one medium bedded poorly fossiliferous limestone.

This area is dominated by metamorphic rock from Arenaceous series with silt sediment which was formed in Triassic Era [15].

Limestone Lithofacies-5 / Arenaceous / Argillaceous: Grey and Ferruginous Laterite/bauxite / kaolinite lithofacies-1: In most of the laterite rocks iron bearing minerals mask the non- ferruginous minerals, thereby making estimation difficult.