Though the Arabic language contains long vowels and short vowels, the short vowels are typically not written. For example, the word for school, "madrasa," would be written "mdrsa," but speakers would know how to read it from the context. The picture above demonstrates how Arabic is written normally at the top, to how it is written in the Quran with short vowels included at the bottom. The Quran includes these extra markings so there is no mistake in pronunciation of the text.