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London was declared the European capital of tuberculosis today with almost 3,500 new cases last year.

Public Health England’s annual TB in the UK report revealed the capital’s rate was a “worryingly high” 42 cases for every 100,000 people — the highest of any western European capital.

There were 3,426 cases reported in London last year, with the largest number being in Newham (366), Brent (313) and Ealing (253). The lowest rates were in Richmond and Bromley, with seven and nine people respectively per 100,000 infected.

The majority of cases involved people aged 25 to 44 born outside the UK, mostly in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Many were homeless or had drug or alcohol problems. About five per cent of people with TB are likely to die from the infection. Dr Yvonne Doyle, regional director for PHE London, said: “TB is a preventable and treatable condition but, if left untreated, can be life threatening. It is encouraging to see the success of treatment in London with over 85 per cent of people completing treatment at 12 months.

“However, controlling the spread of this infection must remain a public health priority for London where the rates are consistently high.”

She said NHS commissioners should ensure that incomers from countries with high incidence of TB, and others belonging to “hard to reach” groups, were offered screening.

The number of TB cases in London fell from 3,880 in 2011 but the 2012 rate remained at about three times the national average. TB usually affects the lungs and is transmitted by coughs or sneezes. Many people can carry it without displaying symptoms.