The settlement, filed in a federal court in California on Wednesday, will result in a $1.1 billion pretax charge to earnings this quarter, Toyota said. Owners of some 16 million Toyota, Lexus and Scion vehicles would be eligible for payments and safety updates that would vary depending on their vehicle and its age.

The settlement includes no admission of fault or unlawful conduct by Toyota and allows the company to avoid the risks associated with battling a lengthy trial. "One of our overriding goals has been to vigorously defend the safety of our vehicles, and we believe we have done that," said Mike Michels, a Toyota spokesman.

The 2009/2010 recalls and public scrutiny of accidents involving its vehicles—including congressional hearings—dented Toyota's reputation for quality and undermined its sales. Its U.S. sales were flat in 2010, a year in which almost every other major auto maker posted gains, and ended its 30-year unbroken run of market-share increases in the U.S.

The settlement is one of the largest in a lawsuit involving the automotive industry, said Steve W. Berman, one of the lead plaintiff lawyers. The tentative agreement must still be approved by U.S. District Judge James Selna.