The UK’s approach to preserving its built history has always been hit and miss. This week, Historic England – the government-run organisation charged with deciding what to save and what to leave to decay or demolition – released the full list of structures and objects it has granted protected status in the past year. It includes a cold war missile command centre, a Victorian gin palace in Essex, and a climbable piece of modern sculpture, as well as some mid-century architectural gems such as a unique concrete house designed by Brian Housden for his own family in north London.

Their new heritage status will largely prevent them from being destroyed by money-grubbing developers who might want to clear them away to build yet more “luxury” housing that local people can’t afford. Or from cash-strapped councils who’d like to replace them with something cheaper to maintain. Or even from well-meaning owners who’d like to add an off-the-rack glazed extension. All well and good, unless you own one of these structures, in which case you’re going to be saddled with a maintenance bill that might make you weep.

But there are some obvious omissions from the list: much loved national icons or key examples of our country’s illustrious architectural past that you might assume are already protected.

London, in particular, is in the throes of a heritage war. This is partly because the city is at the sharp end of the development wedge. There simply isn’t enough space for all the luxury apartments, skyscrapers with huge trading floors and “public” lookout points that you have to pay to access. Small buildings that no one really notices, but are hugely important to London’s character, are often first in the line of fire. So are the big ones. With this in mind, here are five places that should be protected:

Robin Hood Gardens, London

Facebook Twitter Pinterest The supporters of Robin Hood Gardens include Richard Rogers and Zaha Hadid. Photograph: Alamy

Loved by architects and hated by nearly everyone else, the Robin Hood Gardens housing estate in Tower Hamlets has been at the centre of a tug of war for more than five years. Despite being rejected for listing in 2009, campaigners haven’t quite given up trying to save the 1970s estate, designed by the influential British architects Alison and Peter Smithson. It’s currently due to be demolished to make way for a huge new housing development, but the 20th Century Society – which battles to protect modern architecture – has fought to have the case re-opened. The starry list of supporters, which includes Richard Rogers and Zaha Hadid, may swing it for a last-minute rescue.

Deptford Dockyard, London

Facebook Twitter Pinterest Dense fog descends at Deptford. Photograph: Alamy

One of the most important historic sites in south-east London, built 500 years ago by Henry VIII for his royal docks – where Captain Cook would berth his ships and Frances Drake was knighted – it has suffered an ignominious fate in recent years. Most of the site has already been covered in concrete, and it’s about to get worse. Convoys Wharf – a £1bn redevelopment plan pushed through by Boris Johnson, overruling the local council and opposition from residents – will feature a series of towers (yes, more “luxury flats”), swamping what remains of the original docks.

The Southbank Centre, London

Facebook Twitter Pinterest The Royal Festival Hall in the Southbank Centre is protected, but the centre itself is exempt. Photograph: Andrew Michael/Alamy

A hugely important icon of architecture’s brutalist era, the Southbank Centre is a network of elevated walkways, spiralling stairwells and cultural buildings built between 1963 and 1968. Depending on who you talk to, the complex is a concrete monstrosity or one of the best things about London. Although the Royal Festival Hall and National Theatre are individually protected, the centre was controversially granted exemption from listing in 2012. Its managers are now considering adding a massive glass extension as part of a “modernisation” plan.

Western Morning News HQ, Plymouth

Facebook Twitter Pinterest ‘The Ship’ in Plymouth was designed by Nicholas Grimshaw. Photograph: Alamy

The former Western Morning News headquarters, known as the Ship thanks to its unusual shape, was threatened with demolition earlier this year. Built in 1993 and designed by one of the UK’s top architects, Nicholas Grimshaw, the glass and steel building was among the most innovative of its time. Unlike some of the other feted buildings of its era, a lot of people still like the Ship. A vociferous campaign to save it resulted in it being formally recommended for listing – uncommon for such a young building – although a final decision has yet to be announced. In the meantime, a new owner has stepped in, promising to preserve it and turn into into a business hub.

Hove town hall



Facebook Twitter Pinterest Hove town hall: an unexpected highlight is a faceted wooden ceiling in the great hall. Photograph: Alamy

Built in the 1970s to a design by John Wells-Thorpe, the concrete and glass brutalist town hall replaced an earlier gothic-style building that was destroyed by a fire. Its unexpected highlight is the faceted wooden ceiling in the great hall. The building was recently denied listed status after campaigners tried to protect it from a £16m development plan, which includes chopping up many of the internal spaces to make more offices. In an odd turn of events, the building caught fire in April, with a faulty solar panel on the roof blamed for the blaze.

• Tell us the buildings that you would like to see listed in the thread below.

• This article was amended on 19 June 2015. The original featured Century House, Manchester. It has been removed from the article as demolition on the building has begun. The former Western Morning News HQ in Plymouth has been added.

• Anna Winston is the editor of Dezeen