Melbourne nurse Adam Brookman, the first Australian man to return from Islamic State-controlled territory, has been charged with terror-related offences.

The charges include knowingly providing support to a terror organisation, which carries a maximum prison sentence of 25 years.

The 39-year-old man, from Coolaroo in Melbourne's north, briefly fronted Melbourne Magistrate's Court on Sunday morning.

Brookman surrendered himself to Turkish officials in Turkey last Tuesday and was arrested on Friday night when he arrived at Sydney International Airport in the company of authorities.