UPDATE: Since the publication of this article, Dr. Martin Jugenburg has responded to CBC's request for comment. The article has been updated to reflect that response.

A Toronto plastic surgeon who could face a class-action lawsuit over allegations he breached the privacy rights of patients by recording them without their consent using surveillance cameras at his clinic said the suit is without merit and that he intends to vigorously defend himself against the allegations.

Dr. Martin Jugenburg — known online as Dr. 6ix — is well-known on social media and was the focus of a Marketplace investigation last year that found security cameras in examination rooms at his clinic in the Fairmont Royal York hotel.

The petition to have the lawsuit certified as a class action was filed on behalf of former patients on Nov. 28 in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice. It alleges that Jugenburg failed to act in the class members' best interests and that he placed his interests over theirs "in pursuit of his own personal and commercial gain."

J.C., a representative plaintiff in the case, went to Jugenburg's clinic for a breast lift consultation and said the behaviour alleged in the lawsuit is unacceptable.

"I can't imagine how many other women out there don't even know this has gone on. No doctor should be able to get away with this type of behaviour."

The statement of claim also alleges that Jugenburg's clinic posted images of patients on social media without their consent. The allegations have not been proven in court.

A security camera, located in the upper left corner of this photo, is seen in the waiting room of the Toronto Cosmetic Surgery Institute in October 2018. According to Ontario's Information and Privacy Commissioner, these cameras have since been removed. (CBC)

In a Dec. 2 statement to CBC News, Jugenburg said patient privacy continues to be his highest priority.

"We believe this legal action is without merit and intend to vigorously defend the lawsuit," he said.

Jugenburg said he has apologized to his patients for not posting visible signage alerting them to the security cameras in his clinic and said the footage was "protected, secure, and auto-deleted itself after a time delay."

Suit yet to be certified

If given the go-ahead by a judge, the class-action could represent patients who visited Jugenburg's clinic, the Toronto Cosmetic Surgery Institute, between January 2012 and February 2019.

"The heart of the lawsuit is really to get damages for women who had their trust abused by Dr. Jugenburg and who suffered some pretty serious mental health effects as a result of realizing that they were filmed without their consent," said Tina Yang, one of the lawyers involved in the case.

WATCH: Clinic staff says security camera in consult room is for 'the doctor's record'

Marketplace took a hidden camera into the Toronto Cosmetic Surgery Institute to investigate the marketing practices around breast implant surgery 0:57

The plaintiffs are seeking $50 million in damages, including aggravated damages, and $25 million in punitive damages, plus an amount to be determined for special damages. Lawyers say these numbers could change if the lawsuit is certified, the number of plaintiffs in the class is determined and their additional experiences are gathered.

Last year, while reporting undercover for a story on breast implants, Marketplace producers spotted security cameras in a closed-door examination room where patients are asked to undress, as well as in the waiting area. The small black-and-white devices were attached to the ceiling in the corners of the rooms. At least some of the cameras in these rooms were also recording audio.

Following CBC's coverage, Jugenburg said in an email that he provided clear signs about security cameras and removed the cameras from examination rooms.

'It wasn't private'

J.C., one of two representative plaintiffs on the statement of claim, had read Marketplace's article last year.

"I remember I was walking through my basement reading it and then I ... literally fell onto the chair and I was overcome with humiliation."

J.C. visited Jugenburg's clinic in the summer of 2018. She said a nurse asked her to remove her top and bra so that photos of her breasts could be taken for her medical record with a hand-held camera, which is common practice.

J.C., one of two representative plaintiffs, visited the Toronto Cosmetic Surgery Institute in the summer of 2018. (John Lesavage/CBC)

At one point, J.C. also took off her pants so the nurse could examine her for a "tummy tuck." J.C said that at no point during her consultation did staff tell her about the additional security cameras in the room.

"The entire time I was there, it wasn't private," she said.

At one point during the consultation, the nurse left the room to give J.C. and her friend who accompanied her to the appointment a moment to discuss their thoughts, J.C. said.

"That private conversation for starters wasn't private," she alleged. "But [the nurse] knew it wasn't private."

Footage live on doctor's phone

Both Ontario's Information and Privacy Commissioner (IPC) and the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario (CPSO) launched investigations into Jugenburg's clinic following Marketplace's reports in December 2018.

The commissioner's investigation found that the clinic's use of security cameras went against Ontario's Personal Health Information Protection Act and that the clinic did not obtain patients' consent to film them with security cameras during appointments.

The commissioner reported that the clinic had a network of 24 security cameras that were recording 24 hours a day in examination rooms, the operating room, pre-operative room, reception areas, hallways, administrative offices, a computer workroom and the staff kitchen.

According to the commissioner's report, some cameras were first installed in 2012 but stopped working sometime that year. When the clinic expanded to two floors, the system was reset. These recordings began running in January 2017. The clinic said it shut off the cameras on Dec. 13, 2018.

Jugenburg goes by the name Dr. 6ix on his social media channels, a reference to a popular nickname for Toronto. (Carlos Osorio/Toronto Star via Getty Images)

The footage was available for Jugenburg to view live through a secure application on his phone. Footage from the security cameras was also stored on devices that were automatically overwritten with new footage approximately every 30 days, the report said.

Jugenburg told the IPC that the cameras were installed for the security of the clinic, staff and patients and not for health-care purposes.

As part of the investigation, the clinic gave the IPC examples of when footage from the surveillance cameras was reviewed by staff. On two occasions, the footage was reviewed to verify statements made by staff to patients during consultations and on another occasion to review staff conduct.

In the spring of 2019, the college told Jugenburg to remove all cameras from rooms where patients undress and required that the clinic post clear signage alerting visitors to video surveillance.

WATCH: A plaintiff says security cameras were a huge violation of her privacy

Woman says she felt violated at clinic 0:52

The clinic told the IPC that there are now only two security cameras — one at each of the two reception desks on both floors of the clinic. These cameras are only recording after office hours.

The clinic confirmed with the IPC that it destroyed all footage recorded prior to January 2019 except for footage that was seized by the college for its investigation.

"Even though the cameras are no longer rolling, he still has to be held accountable for what he's done," said J.C.

Social media allegations

Neither of the two representative plaintiffs know if the clinic shared photos of them on social media.

"We're alleging that there were photographs taken of patients that were then placed on social media without consent," said Kate Mazzucco, another lawyer involved in the claim.

Kate Mazzucco, left, and Tina Yang are lawyers with two of the three law firms that launched a class-action lawsuit against Jugenburg on Nov. 28, 2019. (Caitlin Taylor/CBC)

The lawyers who launched the lawsuit said these allegations are in the statement of claim based on a pending case against Jugenburg with the CPSO that alleges Jugenburg engaged in "disgraceful, dishonourable or unprofessional conduct" by allowing a film crew into a patient's surgery without her consent, touching her inappropriately and posting photos of her on social media without her consent.

When asked previously about these allegations, Jugenburg said they are "denied and being defended."

These allegations, and allegations that Jugenburg used video recording devices at his clinic, will be addressed at a college disciplinary hearing in May 2020.

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