BERLIN — Less than 10 percent of people surveyed in the European countries hardest hit by the region’s debt crisis say that their leaders are doing a good job at fighting corruption, a survey by the anticorruption group Transparency International has found.

The results reflect a crisis of faith in government since the debt crisis crippled the economies of much of the euro zone beginning in 2008.

The survey, released on Tuesday, revealed a deep chasm between elected leaders and the people they govern. About half of the 114,000 people surveyed around the world said they viewed political parties as the most corrupt institutions, and more than half thought their governments were run by special interest groups.

João Paulo Batalha, a Portuguese board member at Transparency International, cited the near-unraveling of the government of Prime Minister Pedro Passos Coelho in Lisbon last week as an example of how focusing solely on the fiscal aspect of his country’s problems had led to the public frustration reflected in the survey.