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According to the western world, the sun is the stationary centre of the universe and the earth revolves on its own axis as well as around the sun. Insha Allah hereunder you will find proof from the Holy Qur’an that the earth is in fact stationary and the sun revolves around in an orbit. It is therefore incumbent on us to believe what the Holy Qur’an teaches us and to reject the western school of thought.

Allah Ta’ala states in the Holy Qur’an, “And the sun moves on a prescribed course. This is the Commandment of the Most Honourable, the Most Knowing.”[Surah 36, Verse 38]

This tells us that the heavens and the earth are anchored and the stars are floating in them. The movement of the sun is until its appointed time i.e. until the Day of Judgment. [Tafseer Noorul Irfaan]

Allah Ta’ala further states, “The sun is not permitted to overtake the moon, nor can the night overtake the day. And each is floating in an orbit. [Surah 36, Verse 40]

The first part of the verse means that the sun cannot rise at night to take away the light of the moon. Also, it cannot move swiftly like the moon; therefore the stages which the moon completes in twenty-eight days are completed by the sun in one year. If the sun were as swift as the moon then the seasons would not be formed correctly. The last part of the verse tells us that the orbit of each planet is different and that the stars are floating in such a way like the fish in the sea. But the sky itself is stationary. [Tafseer Noorul Irfaan]

In another verse it is stated, “The sun and the moon have been set proportionately.” [Surah 55, Verse 5]

This refers to the speed of the moon and the sun, which is determined by Allah Ta’ala. The speed with which they complete the heavenly stages helps man to determine the solar and lunar months of the year. [Tafseer Noorul Irfaan]

The Glorious Qur’an further tells us, “And He made the sun and moon subservient for you which are constantly moving, and made the day and night subservient for you.” [Surah 14, Verse 33]

The sun and the moon are constant without any breakage in them, nor do they take any leave for the purpose of resting. They serve us in such a manner that they would never become tired or ever be off duty. They are in constant movement for millions of years so that we can determine our time for work and rest and derive countless benefits from them. [Tafseer Noorul Irfaan]

In proving the static nature of the earth, the Holy Qur’an says, “Undoubtedly, Allah upholds the heavens and the earth lest they deviate.” [Surah 35, Verse 41]

This tells us that neither the earth nor the sky is in motion. Only the stars, the moon and the sun are in motion. Thus even the ancient philosophy, which advocated the movement of the sky, is false, as well as the modern philosophy which accepts that the earth moves on its own axis. [Tafseer Noorul Irfaan]

Besides the above verses, there are numerous other verses of the Holy Qur’an that prove that the earth is stationary and the sun is in rotation. Some of these verses are quoted hereunder:

“And made the sun and the moon subservient. Each one runs to a term stated. Allah plans every affair and explains clearly the signs so that you may believe the meeting with your Lord.” [Surah 13, Verse 2]

“And He made the sun and moon and stars subservient to His command.” [Surah 7, Verse 54]

“And He made the day and the night, the sun and the moon subservient to you. And the stars are subservient by His command. Verily, in it there are signs for the wise people.” [Surah 16, Verse 12]

“And it is He Who created the night and the day and the sun and the moon. Each one is floating in a circumference.” [Surah 21, Verse 33]

“O listener! Did you not see that Allah turns night into the day and returns the day in the night and He makes the sun and the moon serve you? Each one pursues the course till an appointed term, and Allah is aware of your deeds.” [Surah 31, Verse 29]

“And He engages the services of the sun and the moon that each one runs up to an appointed time. This is Allah, your Lord. His is the Kingdom of the entire universe.” [Surah 35, Verse 13]

“And He has employed the sun and the moon into service. Each moves on its course to an appointed time. Do you hear? He is the Most Exalted in Power, the Most Forgiving.” [Surah 39, Verse 5]

If someone insists on defending the western way of thought, then the following verse should suffice in answering them, “Does He not know, Who created? And He is the Knower of the minutest, being Well Aware.” [Surah 67, Verse 14]

Therefore it is a clear denial and rejection of the Qur’anic verses to accept the sun as the static centre and the earth revolving around it.

A’la Hazrat Imam Ahle Sunnat Imam Ahmad Raza Khan (Radiallahu Ta’ala Anh) has explained the Islamic theory (based on Qur’an and Hadith) that the earth is static. In favour of this A’la Hazrat (Radiallahu Ta’ala Anh) wrote the following treatises:

Nuzool-e-Ayat-e-Furqan Besukoon-e-Zameen-o-Aasman Mueen-e-Mubeen Bahar Daur-e-Shams-o-Sukoon-e-Zameen Fauz-e-Mubeen Dar Radd-e-Harkat-e-Zameen

In his first treatise, A’la Hazrat (Radiallahu Ta’ala Anh) has discussed the earth theory in light of the Qur’an and Hadith that the earth and sky are static, by quoting several verses from the Holy Qur’an. In his second treatise, A’la Hazrat (Radiallahu Ta’ala Anh) has elaborated that the sun is in motion while earth is static based on astronomical observations and calculations. In his treatise “Fauz-e-Mubeen” A’la Hazrat (Radiallahu Ta’ala Anh) has not only proved that earth is static with 105 argumentations in light of modern physics, but also criticized the ideas of renowned scientists like Galileo, Kepler, Newton and Albert Einstein. In “Fauz-e-Mubeen” A’la Hazrat (Radiallahu Ta’ala Anh) has discussed various scientific spheres of knowledge including Physics, Chemistry, Geology, Astronomy, Astrology, Mathematics, and covered the topics of planetary motion in the orbits and physical mechanics like attractive and repulsive forces, centripetal force, centrifugal force, friction coefficient, projectile motion, relative velocity, circular speed, buoyant force, density & pressure, structure of earth, theory of tides and distance from the sun, along with dozens of geometric diagram representations with algebraic, logarithmic and mathematical calculations. Subhaanallah! If this is the knowledge of the slave of Rasoolullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam), then what must be the knowledge of the Beloved Rasool (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) himself?

Hereunder is an extract from the book “Fauz-e-Mubeen” to show us that not only does the Holy Qur’an disprove the western school of thought, but A’la Hazrat (Radiallahu Ta’ala Anh) has also scientifically proven (with extensive calculations, explanations and proofs) that the earth is stationary and the sun revolves around in an orbit. In his explanation, A’la Hazrat (Radiallahu Ta’ala Anh) uses the assumption of the earth’s rotation to show the west how absurd a theory it is.

“Two birds fly from a branch of a tree with equal speed to that of the earth’s rotation which is 1036 mph and one flies to the east and the other to the west. The one flying to the west will reach a distance of 2072 miles because as much as it went to the west, this branch went to the east due to the earth’s rotation. And the one going to the east will not move a hair’s length from the branch because as he is flying with the same speed the branch of the tree too, is going along with it. But we practically observe that both of them have equal speed going opposite to each other, and go to the same distance. If their speed of flying is less than that of the earth, for example 1035 mph, then the west-bound one will reach a distance of 2071 miles to the west. And its opponent, the east bound having toiled for an hour and having traversed 1035 miles will find itself only a mile away from the branch of that tree and that too, to its west. Isn’t it awkward that he just flew to the east direction and found himself to the west of the place? All this is absurd, false and contrary to observation.”

This is just a small segment of one of the simpler arguments put forward by A’la Hazrat (Radiallahu Ta’ala Anh). In fact he even went on to refute, with numerous proofs, the assumption of scientists that the atmosphere also rotates with the earth, i.e. the bird will also move together with the branch due to the earth’s motion. However, it is too complicated to discuss here.

We can therefore see that without doubt the earth is stationary. It does not rotate on its axis nor does it rotate around the sun. It is the sun, moon and stars that rotate in orbits and it is obligatory on us to believe in this, since refutation of even a single verse of the Holy Qur’an throws us out of the fold of Islam.

May Allah Ta’ala grant us the Taufeeq and Hidayat to accept the truth and to reject the falsehood which the west is spreading throughout the world, Ameen.