India's 102nd space mission lifts off successfully



by Venkatachari Jagannathan



Sriharikota, India (IANS) Feb 26, 2013



PSLV C-20/SARAL carrying the various satellites to space takes off during its launch from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota on Monday. (PTI)

An Indian rocket Monday evening successfully placed in orbit seven satellites - the Indo-French satellite SARAL, the world's first smart phone-operated nano satellite, a space telescope satellite and four other foreign satellites - in copybook style.

A little after 6 p.m., the rocket - Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle-C20 (PSLV-C20) standing 44.4 metres tall and weighing around 230 tonnes - hurtled towards the skies ferrying the seven satellites, together weighing 668.5 kg.

President Pranab Mukherjee witnessed the first of the 10 space missions planned by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) during 2013 and also the country's 102nd space mission.

The other dignitaries who witnessed the successful launch were Andhra Pradesh Governor E.S.L.Narasimhan, Chief Minister N. Kiran Kumar Reddy and Minister of State in the Prime Minister's Office V. Narayanasamy.

With a rich orange flame at its tail and a plume of white fume, the rocket ascended towards the evening skies amidst the resounding cheers of ISRO scientists and a media team assembled at the launch centre.

Space scientists at ISRO's new rocket mission control room were glued to their computer screens watching the rocket escaping the earth's gravitational pull.

At around 18 minutes into the flight, PSLV-C20 spat out the SARAL satellite. The following four minutes saw the rocket ejecting six satellites in their intended polar orbit.

Immediately on the successfully ejection of the seven satellites, scientists at the mission control centre were visibly relieved and started clapping happily.

Mukherjee congratulated the scientists. "Delighted to witness the remarkable launch of the PSLV. I congratulate ISRO for successfully executing the mission," he said.

He said India's capability was recognised by the world and stressed the need to apply technology in various aspects of life touching the commonman, adding that innovation and drive towards self-reliance was the need of the hour in increasing India's capability.

Mukherjee also said the people were looking forward to the launch of the heavier rocket - the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark III - which will be a huge step forward to place India amongst the top few space-faring nations.

He said India has used space applications in tele-education and tele-medicine, which has made technology possible in super speciality hospitals to service the poor.

The president said socially relevant uses of technology that meet the country's development goals are imperative to address the demands of population. Our endeavour must be to lower the cost of access to space through greater innovation and drive towards technology refinement.

"ISRO enjoys tremendous trust amongst our countrymen. This faith and confidence puts the onus back on the organization to raise the bar of its performance, scale greater heights and explore newer frontiers. For India to occupy its rightful place in the comity of nations, we must promote innovation and technological advancement. ISRO should be in the forefront of such a movement," the president said.

Exuding happiness at the successful mission ISRO Chairman K.Radhakrishnan thanked Mukherjee for his presence.

The successful launch of the satellites takes ISRO's tally of launching foreign satellites to 35. ISRO started putting into space third-party satellites for a fee in 1999 on its PSLV-C2 rocket.

Since then India has been successful in launching medium-weight satellites for overseas agencies. Initially ISRO started carrying third-party satellites atop PSLV rockets as co-passengers of its own remote sensing/earth observation satellites.

In 2007, ISRO for the first time launched an Italian satellite - Agile - as a standalone for a fee.

India began its space journey in 1975 with the launch of Aryabhatta using a Russian rocket and till date, it has completed 102 space missions.

Interestingly, the PSLV carried seven satellites for second time after having done so in September 2009.

However, the highest number of satellites put into orbit in one go by the PSLV rocket - 10 - was in April 2008.

Two of the SARAL satellite's payload (ARGOS and ALTIKA) has been supplied by the French National Space Agency CNES while the solid state C-band transponder is from ISRO.

The SARAL will study the sea surface heights and the data generated will be shared by both countries.

Indian space agency officials told IANS the data from SARAL will be useful for operational as well as research user communities in fields like marine meteorology and sea state forecasting; operational oceanography; seasonal forecasting; climate monitoring; ocean, earth system and climate research; continental ice studies; protection of bio-diversity; management and protection of the marine eco-system; environmental monitoring and improvement of maritime security.

According to ISRO, SARAL is the first under the Indian mini-satellite Bus-series 2 configured for 400 kg satellites.

The Indian space agency states this satellite frame is envisaged to be the workhorse for different types of operational missions in the coming years.

Among the other six satellites that PSLV-C20 put in orbit are two Canadian satellites - NEOSSat (Near Earth Object Space Surveillance Satellite), the world's first space telescope designed by Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and Sapphire satellite built by MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates (MDA); BRITE and UniBRITE (both Austrian); STRaND-1 (Britain) and AAUSAT (Denmark).

The STRaND-1 (Surrey Training, Research, and Nanosatellite Demonstrator) is the world's first 'smartphone satellite' carrying Google Nexus One phone running on the Android operating system.

The 6.5 kg satellite is a British mission jointly developed by the University of Surrey's Surrey Space Centre (SSC) and Surrey Satellite Technology Limited (SSTL).

The phone will run several applications, including collection of data and photographing the earth with its camera.

Once all the satellite's own operating systems have been checked out, key system functions will be transferred to the phone's components to take control and operate the satellite, SSTL said on its website.

According to CSA, NEOSSat will detect and track asteroids and satellites circling the globe every 100 minutes and scanning space near the Sun to pinpoint otherwise almost invisible asteroids.

The satellite will also be useful in tracking resident space objects, including space debris.

On the other hand, Sapphire will look for resident space objects that include functioning satellites and space debris circling between 6,000 km and 40,000 km above the earth.

Source: Indo-Asia News Service