DES MOINES, Iowa — Sen. Kamala Harris Kamala HarrisHarris faces pivotal moment with Supreme Court battle Nearly 40 Democratic senators call for climate change questions in debates Joe Biden has long forgotten North Carolina: Today's visit is too late MORE (D-Calif.) does not have the largest staff on the ground in Iowa. She has not held the sorts of barnstorming tours on which some of her top rivals have embarked, and she does not lead in the polls.

But Harris’s campaign is quietly building an army of volunteers that she hopes will allow her to build momentum toward Iowa’s February caucuses, a strikingly complex contest in which candidates must receive 15 percent of the vote in any given precinct to win delegates to the national convention.

“That’s the thing that keeps us up at night, making sure we’re viable everywhere,” said Will Dubbs, who runs Harris’s campaign in Iowa. “Fundamentally, the Iowa caucuses are about organizing.”

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Harris’s campaign has held a series of volunteer trainings it calls Camp Kamala, wooing college students on five campuses around the state and training attendees on the finer points of organizing.

The campaign declined to say how many students and volunteers went through the program, but an initial group of five regional organizers began work this week, and another five will start next month.

When Harris makes stops in Sioux City, Council Bluffs and Des Moines this week, her campaign will use a sophisticated set of tools to identify and track those who show up.

They keep tabs on how voters find out about an event they attend, whether through Facebook or by text message using unique SMS short codes. And they track those voters’ top four preferred choices.

After caucusgoers attend one of Harris’s events, the campaign follows up with everyone in the room — within 24 hours.

The goal, Harris insiders say, is to create a network of supporters and shepherd them through the caucus process, a much more laborious undertaking than simply showing up to vote in a primary on Election Day.

To be counted in the caucus, voters have to show up at a specific time and place on what is usually a frigid winter night and stay through the initial tallies and at least two rounds of voting before they can head home. The process is not always welcoming for those who are participating for the first time.

“It’s easy for people to fall through the cracks, and our commitment is, if you want to follow this process, we’ll take you through it every step,” said Deidre DeJear, who ran for Iowa secretary of state in 2018 and who now chairs Harris’s Iowa campaign. “The biggest priority is including people who don’t typically get included.”

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Other candidates have built out big staffs much earlier than Harris. Sen. Elizabeth Warren Elizabeth WarrenDimon: Wealth tax 'almost impossible to do' CNN's Don Lemon: 'Blow up the entire system' remark taken out of context Democrats shoot down talk of expanding Supreme Court MORE (D-Mass.) has 50 staffers on the ground in Iowa. Sen. Cory Booker Cory Anthony BookerBipartisan praise pours in after Ginsburg's death DHS opens probe into allegations at Georgia ICE facility Democratic lawmakers call for an investigation into allegations of medical neglect at Georgia ICE facility MORE (D-N.J.) has close to 40 — and a network of more than 80 extended family members who live in Iowa and volunteer on the campaign. Former Rep. John Delaney John DelaneyCoronavirus Report: The Hill's Steve Clemons interviews Rep. Rodney Davis Eurasia Group founder Ian Bremmer says Trump right on China but wrong on WHO; CDC issues new guidance for large gatherings The Hill's Coronavirus Report: Kansas City Mayor Quinton Lucas says country needs to rethink what 'policing' means; US cases surpass 2 million with no end to pandemic in sight MORE (D-Md.), the first candidate to join the race, has two dozen staffers.

Most candidates have spent more time wooing Iowa voters than has Harris. Delaney has already hit all 99 counties in Iowa, totaling 167 events over nearly two months in the state. Former Rep. Beto O’Rourke (D-Texas) has raced through 44 events in just 15 days. Former Colorado Gov. John Hickenlooper John HickenlooperCook Political Report shifts Colorado Senate race toward Democrat Willie Nelson playing at virtual fundraiser for Hickenlooper Gardner on court vacancy: Country needs to mourn Ginsburg 'before the politics begin' MORE (D) and Sen. Amy Klobuchar Amy KlobucharSocial media platforms put muscle into National Voter Registration Day Battle lines drawn on precedent in Supreme Court fight Sunday shows - Ruth Bader Ginsburg's death dominates MORE (D-Minn.) have both clocked nearly 30 events.

Harris, by contrast, has spent just seven days in Iowa since announcing her campaign. She has made an impression in those seven days — in April she drew a standing-room-only crowd in Iowa City, home of the University of Iowa, and hundreds more at a stop in Ames, home of Iowa State University.

“Kamala impressed people when she was here last fall. We haven’t seen a lot of her since then,” said Sean Bagniewski, who chairs the Polk County Democratic Party in Des Moines.

Harris starts her latest swing in the middle of the pack, trailing front-runners Joe Biden Joe BidenBiden on Trump's refusal to commit to peaceful transfer of power: 'What country are we in?' Democratic groups using Bloomberg money to launch M in Spanish language ads in Florida Harris faces pivotal moment with Supreme Court battle MORE and Sen. Bernie Sanders Bernie SandersOutrage erupts over Breonna Taylor grand jury ruling Dimon: Wealth tax 'almost impossible to do' Grand jury charges no officers in Breonna Taylor death MORE (I-Vt.). Recent polls show Harris narrowly behind South Bend, Ind., Mayor Pete Buttigieg Pete ButtigiegThe Hill's Morning Report - Sponsored by Facebook - GOP closes ranks to fill SCOTUS vacancy by November Buttigieg stands in as Pence for Harris's debate practice Hillicon Valley: FBI, DHS warn that foreign hackers will likely spread disinformation around election results | Social media platforms put muscle into National Voter Registration Day | Trump to meet with Republican state officials on tech liability shield MORE (D), tied with Warren and narrowly ahead of O’Rourke, Booker and Klobuchar.

With eight months before Iowans hold their caucuses, every campaign is focused on identifying and winning over as many voters as possible. That universe of potential voters, aides to multiple candidates said, is expanding rapidly.

Observers and operatives planning for the caucuses expect a massive turnout this year, one almost certain to eclipse huge crowds in 2008 and 2016. In both those races, first-time caucusgoers energized by then-Sen. Barack Obama Barack Hussein ObamaThe Memo: Trump's strengths complicate election picture Obama shares phone number to find out how Americans are planning to vote Democrats' troubling adventure in a 'Wonderland' without 'rule of law' MORE (D-Ill.) in 2008 and Sanders in 2016 fueled their strong showings.

Harris’s team wants to turn this year’s first-time voters into delegates. Unlike primary states, caucuses reward campaigns that can keep their supporters together over several hours of debate and the very public act of standing up in front of neighbors and friends when casting a vote.

“Organizing in this area looks like building relationships,” DeJear said in an interview. “We’re just trying to bring some of the essentials back to Iowa.”