The new brick (top) compared to a traditional brick (Image: De Montfort University)

A new brick 3D printed from domestic waste offers 10 times better insulation than traditional clay bricks, according to its inventors.

Dr Karthikeyan Kandan, senior lecturer in mechanical engineering at De Montfort University Leicester (DMU), has created the novel brick made entirely from upcycled plastic waste.

The brick is 3D printed with criss-crossing strips of the plastic materials to form a grid, or weave, which has been inspired by the nest of the Baya weaverbird, which is found on the Indian subcontinent. The nest is renowned for its elaborately woven construction.

PhD student Saad Alqahtani and Dr Karthikeyan Kandan

Kandan said: “The baya weaverbird’s nest’s ingenious construction gives it excellent thermal insulation and mechanical properties for inhabitation.

“Inside there is a central nesting chamber, which makes it the ideal micro-climate for inhabitation. By replicating this structure, we have manufactured a brick that improves energy efficiency of modern buildings and therefore can reduce carbon footprint.”

Thermal insulation tests showed that the brick has a U-value of 0.25 Watts per metre Kelvin (W/m²K). This is 10 times more effective than a clay brick, which delivers an average of 2.94 W/m²K. U-value is a measure of the flow of heat through an insulating or building material: the lower the U-value, the better the insulating ability.

Kandan said: “Our brick, made from all kinds of domestic plastic waste – from coffee cup lids to plastic bottles – exhibits a tremendous thermal envelope over conventional building materials.

“This provides significant potential to not only improve the energy efficiency of modern building, but also to conserve space and reduce dead-weight in multi-story buildings.”